EP2790539B1 - Ersatzhaarsträhne mit haarverbindungselement - Google Patents
Ersatzhaarsträhne mit haarverbindungselement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2790539B1 EP2790539B1 EP12816429.0A EP12816429A EP2790539B1 EP 2790539 B1 EP2790539 B1 EP 2790539B1 EP 12816429 A EP12816429 A EP 12816429A EP 2790539 B1 EP2790539 B1 EP 2790539B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hair
- strand
- replacement
- joining element
- leaflet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41G—ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS; WIGS; MASKS; FEATHERS
- A41G5/00—Hair pieces, inserts, rolls, pads, or the like; Toupées
- A41G5/004—Hair pieces
- A41G5/0053—Fastening thereof
- A41G5/006—Fastening thereof by threading with the remaining hair of the user
- A41G5/0066—Fastening thereof by threading with the remaining hair of the user using deformable connecting sleeves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41G—ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS; WIGS; MASKS; FEATHERS
- A41G5/00—Hair pieces, inserts, rolls, pads, or the like; Toupées
- A41G5/004—Hair pieces
- A41G5/0046—Hair pieces forming hair extensions from bundles of hair
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41G—ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS; WIGS; MASKS; FEATHERS
- A41G5/00—Hair pieces, inserts, rolls, pads, or the like; Toupées
- A41G5/004—Hair pieces
- A41G5/0053—Fastening thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41G—ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS; WIGS; MASKS; FEATHERS
- A41G5/00—Hair pieces, inserts, rolls, pads, or the like; Toupées
- A41G5/004—Hair pieces
- A41G5/0053—Fastening thereof
- A41G5/008—Fastening thereof by adhesives
Definitions
- the invention relates to a replacement hair strand with hair connection element, consisting of a flat leaflet with a replacement hair strand embedded therein at the end.
- thermoplastic hair fasteners which are embedded in a hair connector end that is thermoplastic, have come in recent years in a variety of variants on the market.
- the range of shapes of thermoplastic hair fasteners ranges from very flat over slightly gutter-shaped bent to U-, V-, and C-shaped leaflets.
- U-shaped thermoplastic hair fasteners have become known (eg from the AT 412 141 ), which additionally indicate longitudinal and / or transverse webs.
- thermoplastic hair connector has been patented ( AT 504 102 ), which has on a free surface a continuous profiling (corrugation, corrugation) on which the own hairs placed on the attachment of a replacement hair strand and pressed under the influence of heat in the body of the hair connector, whereby the hair connection is made.
- thermoplastic hair fasteners it is important on the one hand to have enough thermoplastic material for a secure melt adhesion, on the other hand to use as little material as possible, so that the connection of the replacement hair with the own hair is virtually imperceptible.
- the simplest possible handling when applying the replacement hair strand on the head hair is essential.
- the above conditions is the block-shaped hair connector according to the AT 504 102 so far come closest - but with the disadvantage of a relatively high cost of materials.
- the subject invention therefore aims to minimize the cost of materials without doing the security of the hair connection a demolition.
- This object is achieved according to the invention with a replacement hair strand with hair connection element of the type mentioned in the introduction, in that at least one web extending obliquely to the strand direction protrudes from one of the two flat sides of the leaflet.
- the advantageous development of the from AT 504 102 known Haarharmsenses is that instead of a prismatic body in turn a known, flat, thin leaflet acts as a connecting element, but in contrast to the conventional leaflets still has at least one inclined to the strand direction web, which is essentially the material for the compound the replacement strand of hair on a natural strand of hair supplies.
- the replacement hair strand according to the invention can be attached much more securely to the hair of the head than was the case with the conventional leaflet-shaped connecting elements.
- the connecting element according to the invention has the advantage that it is less voluminous, but nevertheless has sufficient bonding mass through the web.
- the hair tie need not necessarily be thermoplastic, since there are materials with which two or more elements can be joined together by embedding in the material, the embedding and curing not by hot pressing but eg by UV or Laser light is triggered. Accordingly, the subject invention extends to any material of the hair fasteners which ensures the native embedding of the replacement hair strands and the embedding of hair strands in the course of hair extension or hair thickening.
- the inclination of the web with respect to the strand direction may be 90 °, that is, that the web is transverse to the strand direction; but it can also deviate from it, for example, that the bridge extends approximately diagonally across the flat side of the leaflet.
- the profile of the bridge is also variable. It may be rectangular in the simplest case, but also about a trapezoidal or a dovetail profile is possible, that is, that the web is either thicker or thinner at its approach to the leaflet than at its free end.
- the height of the web can also be varied, ie it can be lower or higher than corresponds to the longitudinal extension of the leaflet in the direction of the strand. It is essential, however, always that he contributes enough material for the safe embedding of the head hair strand.
- the own hair strand with hair connection according to Fig. 1 has a flat leaflet 1, in which the ends of a replacement hair strand 2 are embedded in the longitudinal extension direction. From one of the two flat sides of the leaflet 1, a single web 3 protrudes transversely to the strand direction, preferably approximately in the middle of the longitudinal extent of the leaflet 1.
- Fig. 2 an embodiment with two webs 2 is illustrated; but it can also be more webs available.
- the web 2 has at its base about the thickness d of the leaflet 1; its height h is at most the length 1 of the leaflet. 1
- the replacement hair strand 2 on a head hair strand 4 is placed on the web 2 / the webs 2 and then depending on the particular material of existing from leaflets 1 with web 2 hair connection element embedded in this (in the case of a thermoplastic hair connection element eg with a Schupinzette) ,
- the web material encases the hair of the head hair strand 4, whereby a secure connection is made.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Hair Curling (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Slide Fasteners, Snap Fasteners, And Hook Fasteners (AREA)
Description
- Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Ersatzhaarsträhne mit Haarverbindungselement, bestehend aus einem flachen Blättchen mit einer darin endseitig eingebetteten Ersatzhaarsträhne.
- Ersatzhaarsträhnen, die endseitig in ein Haarverbindungselement eingebettet sind, das thermoplastisch ist, sind in den letzten Jahren in vielfältigsten Varianten auf den Markt gekommen. Das Formenspektrum der thermoplastischen Haarverbindungselemente reicht von ganz flachen über leicht dachrinnenförmig gebogene zu U-,V-, und C-förmig gebogenen Blättchen. Darüber hinaus sind auch U-förmige thermoplastische Haarverbindungselemente bekannt geworden (z.B. aus der
), die zusätzlich noch Längs- und/oder Querstege ausweisen. Zuletzt ist ein blockförmiges, dh im wesentlichen rechteckprimatisches, thermoplastisches Haarverbindungselement patentiert worden (AT 412 141 ), das auf einer freien Oberfläche eine durchgehende Profilierung (Wellung, Riffelung) aufweist, auf die die Eigenhaare bei der Anbringung einer Ersatzhaarsträhne aufgelegt und unter Wärmeeinfluss in den Körper des Haarverbindungselementes eingepresst werden, wodurch die Haarverbindung zustande kommt.AT 504 102 - Bei allen thermoplastischen Haarverbindungselementen kommt es darauf an, einerseits genügend thermoplastisches Material für eine sichere Schmelzklebung zu haben, anderseits so wenig wie möglich Material zu verwenden, damit die Verbindung der Ersatzhaare mit den Eigenhaaren faktisch nicht wahrnehmbar ist. Darüber hinaus ist eine möglichst einfache Handhabung bei der Applikation der Ersatzhaarsträhne auf dem Kopfhaar wesentlich.
- Den obgenannten Bedingungen ist das blockförmige Haarverbindungselement gemäß der
bislang am nächsten gekommen - allerdings mit dem Nachteil eines relativ hohen Materialaufwandes. Die gegenständliche Erfindung zielt daher darauf ab, den Materialaufwand zu minimieren, ohne der Sicherheit der Haarverbindung einen Abbruch zu tun.AT 504 102 - Dieses Ziel wird mit einer Ersatzhaarsträhne mit Haarverbindungselement der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch erreicht, dass von einer der beiden Flachseiten des Blättchens wenigstens ein geneigt zur Strähnenrichtung verlaufender Steg absteht.
- Die vorteilhafte Weiterentwicklung des aus der
bekannten Haarverbindungselementes besteht darin, dass anstelle eines prismatischen Körpers wiederum ein an sich bekanntes, flaches, dünnes Blättchen als Verbindungselement fungiert, das aber zum Unterschied zu den herkömmlichen Blättchen noch wenigstens einen geneigt zur Strähnenrichtung verlaufenden Steg aufweist, der im wesentlichen das Material für die Verbindung der Ersatzhaarsträhne an einer Eigenhaarsträhne liefert. Dadurch kann die erfindungsgemäße Ersatzhaarsträhne wesentlich sicherer am Kopfhaar befestigt werden als dies mit den herkömmlichen blättchenförmigen Verbindungselementen der Fall war. Gegenüber dem bekannten blockförmigen Haarverbindungselement mit einseitiger Profilierung hat das erfindungsgemäße Verbindungselement den Vorteil, dass es weniger voluminös ist, aber dennoch durch den Steg genügend Verbindungsmasse aufweist. Neu ist auch, dass das Haarverbindungselement nicht mehr zwingend thermoplastisch sein braucht, da es Materialien gibt, mit denen zwei oder mehrere Elemente durch Einbettung in das Material miteinander verbunden werden können, wobei der Einbett- und Aushärtevorgang nicht durch Heißpressen sondern zB durch UV- oder Laserlicht ausgelöst wird. Die gegenständliche Erfindung ist demnach auf jegliche Materialien der Haarverbindungselemente erstreckt, welche das originäre Einbetten der Ersatzhaarsträhnen und das Einbetten von Kopfhaarsträhnen im Zuge der Haarverlängerung oder Haarverdichtung gewährleisten.AT 504 102 - Es kann bloß ein einziger Steg von dem Blättchen abstehen, jedoch können auch mehrere Stege vorgesehen sein. Die Neigung des Steges bezüglich der Strähnenrichtung kann 90° betragen, dh, dass der Steg quer zur Strähnenrichtung verläuft; sie kann aber auch davon abweichen, zB, dass sich der Steg etwa diagonal über die Flachseite des Blättchens erstreckt. Das Profil des Stegs ist ebenfalls variierbar. Es kann im einfachsten Fall rechteckig sein, doch ist auch etwa ein Trapez- oder ein Schwalbenschwanzprofil möglich, dh, dass der Steg an seinem Ansatz am Blättchen entweder dicker oder dünner als an seinem freien Ende ist. Auch die Höhe des Stegs ist variierbar, dh er kann niedriger oder höher sein, als der in Strähnenrichtung erstreckten Längsausdehnung des Blättchens entspricht. Wesentlich dabei ist aber immer, dass er genügend Material für die sichere Einbettung der Kopfhaarsträhne beisteuert.
- Aufgrund von Versuchen hat es sich als optimal erwiesen - einerseits bei der Herstellung des Haarverbindungselementes und der endseitigen Einbettung der Ersatzhaarsträhne, anderseits bei der Applikation der Ersatzhaarsträhne am Kopfhaar - , wenn der Steg an seiner Basis etwa die Dicke des Blättchens aufweist und zu seinem freien Ende hin verjüngt ist. Desgleichen ist es günstig, wenn die Höhe des Stegs maximal der in Strähnenrichtung erstreckten Längsausdehnung des Blättchens entspricht.
- Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand zweier in
Fig. 1 und 2 in Schrägansicht veranschaulichter, bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. - Die Eigenhaarsträhne mit Haarverbindungselement gemäß
Fig. 1 weist ein flaches Blättchen 1 auf, in das in Längsausdehnungsrichtung die Enden einer Ersatzhaarsträhne 2 eingebettet sind. Von einer der beiden Flachseiten des Blättchens 1 steht quer zur Strähnenrichtung ein einzelner Steg 3 ab, und zwar vorzugsweise etwa in der Mitte der Längsausdehnung des Blättchens 1. InFig. 2 ist eine Ausführungsform mit zwei Stegen 2 veranschaulicht; es können aber auch mehrere Stege vorhanden sein. Der Steg 2 weist an seiner Basis etwa die Dicke d des Blättchens 1 auf; seine Höhe h beträgt höchstens die Länge 1 des Blättchens 1. - Bei der Applikation der Ersatzhaarsträhne 2 an einer Kopfhaarsträhne 4 wird letztere auf den Steg 2/die Stege 2 aufgelegt und sodann abhängig vom jeweiligen Material des aus Blättchen 1 mit Steg 2 bestehenden Haarverbindungselementes in dieses eingebettet (im Fall eines thermoplastischen Haarverbindungselementes zB mit einer Heizpinzette). Das Stegmaterial ummantelt dabei die Haare der Kopfhaarsträhne 4, wodurch eine sichere Verbindung zustande kommt.
Claims (3)
- Ersatzhaarsträhne mit Haarverbindungselement, bestehend aus einem flachen Blättchen (1) mit einer darin endseitig eingebetteten Ersatzhaarsträhne (2), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass von einer der beiden Flachseiten des Blättchens (1) wenigstens ein geneigt zur Strähnenrichtung verlaufender Steg (3) absteht.
- Ersatzhaarsträhne mit Haarverbindungselement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Steg (3) an seiner Basis etwa die Dicke (d) des Blättchens (1) aufweist und zu seinem freien Ende hin verjüngt ist.
- Ersatzhaarsträhne mit Haarverbindungselement nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Höhe (h) des Stegs (3) maximal der in Strähnenrichtung erstreckten Längsausdehnung (1) des Blättchens (1) entspricht.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| HRP20150699TT HRP20150699T1 (hr) | 2011-12-12 | 2012-12-07 | Zamjenski pramen kose s vezanim elementom |
| SI201230239T SI2790539T1 (sl) | 2011-12-12 | 2012-12-07 | Nadomestljiv pramen las s povezovalnim elementom las |
| PL12816429T PL2790539T3 (pl) | 2011-12-12 | 2012-12-07 | Pasemka sztucznych włosów z elementem łączącym włosy |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATA1815/2011A AT511595B1 (de) | 2011-12-12 | 2011-12-12 | Ersatzhaarsträhne mit haarverbindungselement |
| PCT/AT2012/000309 WO2013086546A1 (de) | 2011-12-12 | 2012-12-07 | Ersatzhaarsträhne mit haarverbindungselement |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2790539A1 EP2790539A1 (de) | 2014-10-22 |
| EP2790539B1 true EP2790539B1 (de) | 2015-04-01 |
Family
ID=47594144
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP12816429.0A Active EP2790539B1 (de) | 2011-12-12 | 2012-12-07 | Ersatzhaarsträhne mit haarverbindungselement |
Country Status (25)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US20150007840A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2790539B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP6120869B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN104039185A (de) |
| AT (1) | AT511595B1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2012350380B2 (de) |
| BR (1) | BR112014013889B1 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2858135C (de) |
| CR (1) | CR20140258A (de) |
| DK (1) | DK2790539T3 (de) |
| DO (1) | DOP2014000129A (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2541110T3 (de) |
| HR (1) | HRP20150699T1 (de) |
| HU (1) | HUE024987T2 (de) |
| IL (1) | IL233015B (de) |
| MA (1) | MA35823B1 (de) |
| MX (1) | MX341662B (de) |
| MY (1) | MY171308A (de) |
| PL (1) | PL2790539T3 (de) |
| PT (1) | PT2790539E (de) |
| RU (1) | RU2572774C1 (de) |
| SG (1) | SG11201403093QA (de) |
| SI (1) | SI2790539T1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2013086546A1 (de) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201405079B (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015041127A1 (ja) | 2013-09-20 | 2015-03-26 | 株式会社村田製作所 | コンデンサモジュール、および、電力変換装置 |
| US20170071277A1 (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2017-03-16 | Ryan Tokko | Hair extension with grooved tip |
| JP7573257B2 (ja) * | 2020-03-12 | 2024-10-25 | 合同会社Virise | 増毛方法 |
| US20240225163A1 (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2024-07-11 | Sinevia International Inc. | Tape-in hair extension laminate device |
Family Cites Families (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2121398C (en) * | 1994-04-15 | 2007-04-24 | Ahmad Amiri | Method and apparatus for implanting synthetic hair |
| AT412U3 (de) * | 1994-11-09 | 1996-01-25 | Gaeng Heide Rose | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur haarverlängerung |
| IT1283953B1 (it) * | 1996-03-18 | 1998-05-07 | David Anthony Gold | Ciocca di capelli per l'allungamento e l'ispessimento o infoltimento dei capelli umani. |
| AT403427B (de) * | 1996-12-27 | 1998-02-25 | Hairdreams Haarhandelsgmbh | Thermoplastisches haarbefestigungselement |
| IT1317906B1 (it) * | 2000-09-12 | 2003-07-15 | Giudice Angelo Lo | Apparecchio di stampaggio per la preparazione di ciocche posticce peracconciature, e ciocca cosi' preparata. |
| ITRM20010317A1 (it) * | 2001-06-07 | 2002-12-07 | Indorata Servicos & Gestao Lda | Metodo per infoltire una capigliatura e assieme di ciocche adatto ad essere impiegato in detto metodo. |
| ES2300648T3 (es) * | 2002-09-16 | 2008-06-16 | INDORATA SERVICOS E GESTÃO LDA | Procedimiento y montaje para aumentar el volumen del cabello. |
| NL1021900C1 (nl) * | 2002-11-12 | 2004-05-13 | Euro Hair Fashion B V | Herbruikbaar haarverlengstuk en inrichting en werkwijze voor het gebruiken ervan. |
| AT412141B (de) * | 2002-12-23 | 2004-10-25 | Bege Privatstiftung | U-förmiges, thermoplastisches haarverbindungselement |
| US6938624B2 (en) * | 2003-01-30 | 2005-09-06 | Hairlocs, Inc. | Methods and devices for applying hair extensions |
| CN1770990A (zh) * | 2003-04-10 | 2006-05-10 | 株式会社普罗皮亚 | 植毛装置及方法以及作为产品的植毛部件 |
| ATE503400T1 (de) * | 2003-09-09 | 2011-04-15 | Conair | Vorrichtung zum anbringen von haarverlängerungen |
| ITRM20030585A1 (it) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-06-20 | Indorata Servicos & Gestao Lda | Metodo per infoltire una capigliatura e relativo dispositivo separatore per capelli riceventi. |
| GB0401423D0 (en) * | 2004-01-23 | 2004-02-25 | Dezac Group The Ltd | Hair extension |
| JP4576634B2 (ja) * | 2004-08-30 | 2010-11-10 | 株式会社ユニヘアー | 毛髪用止着具、この止着具を用いたかつら及びその装着方法 |
| US20060065281A1 (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-03-30 | Kevin Kim | Hairpiece with attachment rings and kit for attaching hairpiece |
| US20060180171A1 (en) * | 2005-02-11 | 2006-08-17 | Kevin Kim | Hairpiece with attachment rings and heating kit for attaching hairpiece |
| WO2007100149A1 (ja) * | 2006-03-01 | 2007-09-07 | Takanori Tochioka | 自毛束・毛髪用繊維束結合構造及び自毛束・毛髪用繊維束結合方法 |
| US9339072B2 (en) * | 2006-09-23 | 2016-05-17 | Lisa Kenna | Hair extensions and method of attachment |
| AT504102B1 (de) | 2007-02-23 | 2008-03-15 | Bege Privatstiftung | Thermoplastisches haarverbindungselement |
| US7753057B2 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2010-07-13 | Klix Hair, Inc. | Hair extension system |
| US20110056507A1 (en) * | 2008-01-24 | 2011-03-10 | Ryan Tokko | Hair Extension and Method for Hair Extension |
| RU2382584C1 (ru) * | 2008-07-15 | 2010-02-27 | Юлия Сергеевна Микушина | Способ наращивания волос |
| ITRM20090495A1 (it) * | 2009-09-28 | 2011-03-29 | Great Lengths S R L | Estensione di capigliatura non permanente, in particolare da infoltimento |
| JP5485719B2 (ja) * | 2010-01-19 | 2014-05-07 | 株式会社プロピア | 汎用かつら、かつらの装着方法及びカスタマイズかつら |
| NZ591084A (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2012-08-31 | Beverly May Waters | A method of attaching a hair extension where a first bundle of hair is passed through an aperture in the base of the extension and attaches to a second bundle which does not pass through the base |
| IT1402213B1 (it) * | 2010-10-05 | 2013-08-28 | Biase Di | Estensione per capelli |
-
2011
- 2011-12-12 AT ATA1815/2011A patent/AT511595B1/de active
-
2012
- 2012-12-07 JP JP2014545032A patent/JP6120869B2/ja active Active
- 2012-12-07 SG SG11201403093QA patent/SG11201403093QA/en unknown
- 2012-12-07 RU RU2014128334/12A patent/RU2572774C1/ru active
- 2012-12-07 EP EP12816429.0A patent/EP2790539B1/de active Active
- 2012-12-07 ES ES12816429.0T patent/ES2541110T3/es active Active
- 2012-12-07 MY MYPI2014001733A patent/MY171308A/en unknown
- 2012-12-07 CN CN201280061225.7A patent/CN104039185A/zh active Pending
- 2012-12-07 PL PL12816429T patent/PL2790539T3/pl unknown
- 2012-12-07 AU AU2012350380A patent/AU2012350380B2/en active Active
- 2012-12-07 HR HRP20150699TT patent/HRP20150699T1/hr unknown
- 2012-12-07 DK DK12816429.0T patent/DK2790539T3/en active
- 2012-12-07 WO PCT/AT2012/000309 patent/WO2013086546A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2012-12-07 HU HUE12816429A patent/HUE024987T2/en unknown
- 2012-12-07 US US14/364,279 patent/US20150007840A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-12-07 CA CA2858135A patent/CA2858135C/en active Active
- 2012-12-07 SI SI201230239T patent/SI2790539T1/sl unknown
- 2012-12-07 BR BR112014013889-3A patent/BR112014013889B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2012-12-07 PT PT128164290T patent/PT2790539E/pt unknown
- 2012-12-07 MX MX2014006795A patent/MX341662B/es active IP Right Grant
-
2014
- 2014-05-28 CR CR20140258A patent/CR20140258A/es unknown
- 2014-06-05 MA MA37103A patent/MA35823B1/fr unknown
- 2014-06-08 IL IL233015A patent/IL233015B/en active IP Right Grant
- 2014-06-11 DO DO2014000129A patent/DOP2014000129A/es unknown
- 2014-07-11 ZA ZA2014/05079A patent/ZA201405079B/en unknown
-
2016
- 2016-12-07 US US15/371,481 patent/US20170143064A1/en not_active Abandoned
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