EP2789096A2 - Procede et systeme de regulation d'un alternateur de vehicule automobile, et alternateur de vehicule automobile comprenant un tel systeme - Google Patents
Procede et systeme de regulation d'un alternateur de vehicule automobile, et alternateur de vehicule automobile comprenant un tel systemeInfo
- Publication number
- EP2789096A2 EP2789096A2 EP12806602.4A EP12806602A EP2789096A2 EP 2789096 A2 EP2789096 A2 EP 2789096A2 EP 12806602 A EP12806602 A EP 12806602A EP 2789096 A2 EP2789096 A2 EP 2789096A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- alternator
- transfer function
- gain
- frequency
- value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/48—Arrangements for obtaining a constant output value at varying speed of the generator, e.g. on vehicle
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
- H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
- H02P9/305—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling voltage
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of regulating an alternator intended to be coupled to a motor vehicle engine.
- the invention also relates to a system comprising all the means necessary for the implementation of this method, as well as the alternator equipped with this system.
- an alternator In the automotive field, an alternator has the role of generating a DC voltage for supplying the on-board electrical network and maintaining it at a predetermined target value, for powering the vehicle equipment and for a battery.
- the alternator comprises a stator fixed to the vehicle structure and which surrounds a rotor carried by a shaft driven in rotation by the engine of the vehicle via an alternator belt.
- the alternator makes it possible to transform a rotational movement of the rotor into an electric current induced in the stator windings.
- an AC / DC converter Downstream of the alternator, an AC / DC converter, for example reversible, then makes it possible to generate a DC voltage for the supply of the on-board electrical network.
- a regulation system Upstream of the alternator, a regulation system, called a “regulator”, generally integrated into the alternator, is used to maintain a stable voltage at the output of the alternator, independently of the speed of rotation of the motor or the consumption electrical equipment specific to the vehicle. It controls for this purpose the production of an excitation current supplied to the inductor rotor to manage the intensity of the associated magnetic field and therefore the voltage induced by this magnetic field and the current produced at the output of the alternator which, through of the battery and charges, sets the voltage of the onboard network.
- a regulation system called a "regulator”
- Control systems are known in which the voltage produced at the output of the alternator is sampled and converted numerically, the numerical values obtained being then continuously compared with a set value, for example 14V. After filtering, the result of this comparison is used to quantify the intensity of the excitation current to be sent to the alternator to maintain the output voltage at the setpoint.
- the alternator is mechanically coupled to the heat engine. Now we find in thermal engines a phenomenon known as acyclism, which is due to explosions in the cylinders of the engine which cause acceleration and deceleration around the average speed. It manifests itself in non-uniform engine speeds that affect the alternator.
- the representative curve of the current delivered as a function of the rotational speed, for a standard alternator can with a rough approach be modeled simply by two straight lines, a first steep straight line which describes at low speeds the initiation of rising current and a second straight low slope for higher speeds.
- the rotational speed of the alternator is greater than the rotational speed corresponding to the junction point of the two straight lines (and which is known as the bottom curve speed V bc )
- the acyclism causes little variation in the speed of rotation. current, and therefore little variation of the voltage produced by the alternator ( Figure 1).
- the present invention therefore aims to overcome this disadvantage by proposing a control method which makes it possible to overcome these problems of variation of current delivered by the alternator of a motor vehicle, without going against the tendency according to which vehicle idling speeds are becoming lower.
- It relates specifically to a method of regulating a motor vehicle alternator intended to be coupled to a heat engine of the vehicle and adapted to produce a supply voltage of an onboard network of the vehicle.
- the supply voltage produced is compared in a control loop to a set value to determine the value of an excitation current to be circulated in the alternator for producing a voltage equivalent to said setpoint value.
- the resultant error value of the comparison between the supply voltage and the reference value is processed in a filter, the original transfer function of the filter is modified as a function of the speed.
- the alternator by attenuating over a given frequency range the gain when this speed of rotation decreases, and determining the gain of the transfer function for a given frequency between a maximum threshold corresponding to the gain of the transfer function. of origin and a minimum threshold determined to maintain the stability of the alternator, the maximum threshold being conserved when the rotational speed of the alternator is greater than or equal to a given first limit speed and the minimum threshold being selected when the rotational speed of the alternator is less than or equal to a given second limit speed.
- the same filtering quality of the differences between the desired output voltage of the alternator and that actually delivered when the engine is running at full speed can be preserved and suitable filtering of these deviations can be proposed when the engine idle. This ensures both a delivery with a dynamic adapted to high speed, and changes the performance at low speed to ignore the voltage variations that are amplified under conditions of acyclism.
- the transfer function is attenuated for corresponding frequency values at idling speeds of the engine.
- the modifications of the error filtering for the potential cases of acyclism are targeted.
- a first frequency corresponding to a controlled cut-off frequency from which the gain is attenuated is determined and below which the modified transfer function as a function of the rotation speed of the alternator presents a first part identical to the original transfer function, and determining a second frequency, greater than the first frequency, from which the gain of acycl ism is stable up to a cutoff frequency, the gain being attenuated regularly between the first and the second frequency.
- the second frequency can be the same when you go from one determined profile to another to adapt the transfer function according to the speed of rotation.
- the different voltages are processed numerically, and the transfer function is digitally altered. It is thus possible to modify the transfer functions and the quality of the filtering without having to change the hardware.
- the invention also relates to a control system of an alternator intended to be coupled to a motor vehicle engine and comprising all the means necessary for carrying out the method described above.
- the regulation system comprises a servo-control loop of the supply voltage of an on-board vehicle network to a setpoint value in which a comparator is adapted to output an error value that is a function of the comparison. the voltage generated by the alternator and the setpoint.
- acquisition means responsive to the rotational speed of the alternator and means for filtering said error value at the output of the comparator, said filtering means having a transfer function which can be modified as a function of the value of said speed from said acquisition means.
- the invention also relates to a motor vehicle alternator associated with a control system having the characteristics specified above.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrammatic representations of the characteristic curve of the current delivered by an alternator of a motor vehicle according to its speed of rotation, in which the oscillation of the current has been shown as a function of the oscillations of acyclism, for two different speeds of rotation;
- Figure 3 is a block diagram of the alternator and the various components of the vehicle, and the associated control system according to the invention;
- FIG. 4 represents representative curves of the transfer function of two types of filter adapted to be used in the regulation system according to the invention
- Figures 5 and 6 are representative curves of the transfer function, for a specific type of filter, modified according to the invention as a function of the rotational speed of the alternator
- Figs. 7a and 7b are diagrammatic representations of two embodiments of the invention, which differ in that the changes in the transfer function are made at a constant frequency (Fig. 7a) or not (Fig. 7b).
- FIG. 3 represents a general architecture of a power supply by an alternator 2 of an onboard network 4 of a motor vehicle, to which a battery 6 and electrical equipment 8 are connected.
- the alternator is mechanically coupled to a heat engine As described previously, this is subject to acyclic phenomena which are transmitted to the alternator.
- the aim is to produce a constant voltage at the output of the alternator for the proper supply of the on-board electrical system, and this output voltage U p is regulated by means of a control system associated with the alternator and forming a control loop. servo 1 2.
- the control system comprises successively along the loop a digital acquisition block 14, a digital comparator 1 6, a filter block 1 8, an excitation signal generator 20 and a power switch 22.
- the digital acquisition block comprises an analog-digital converter and a digital conditioning module so as to make numerically exploitable the measured voltages at the output of the alternator.
- the supply voltage actually produced by the alternator is taken for example from the terminals of the battery, then it is sampled to be sent to the digital comparator 16 which makes regular comparisons of this digitalized value with a reference voltage U stable ref, classically equal to 14V.
- the generator is in a known manner of pulse width modulation type.
- the excitation signals delivered are intended for a power switch for controlling an excitation current I ex able to flow in an excitation winding of the alternator, to modify the voltage produced by the alternator and bring it back to the reference voltage.
- the error value before being sent to the signal generator, passes into the filter block disposed at the output of the comparator, between the latter and the signal generator.
- the filter block comprises means 24 for acquiring the rotational speed of the alternator and filtering means 26, as well as control means 28 integrated in the filtering means for assigning them a specific transfer function.
- FIG. 4 shows the standard characteristics of a proportional filter P and of an integral filter PI, which can be chosen as an example for forming the filtering means 26. These characteristics represent the gain to be associated with the filtered error value, depending on the rotation frequency of the alternator. In the figures illustrated by the following, reference will be made to the characteristic of a proportional filter.
- control means 28 are adapted to modify the transfer function of the filtering means 26 as a function of the information relating to the speed of rotation of the alternator received. 24.
- transfer function profiles are parameterized in the control means, which automatically select the profile to be applied to the transfer function of the filtering means as a function of the speed of rotation of the control means. the alternator. Switching devices are provided to switch from one transfer function profile to another according to instructions given by the control means.
- the transfer function a curve representative of the gain, is selected between an upper curve H i corresponding to a maximum gain value and a lower curve H. 2 .
- the gain of the transfer function is determined between a maximum value corresponding to the gain of the original transfer function of the selected filtering means and a minimum value.
- the minimum value is determined in order to maintain the stability of the system, that is to say that this minimum amplification must not generate an oscillating system.
- the maximum threshold is maintained when the rotational speed of the alternator is equal to or greater than a first speed l im ite given Vi and the minimum threshold is selected by the control means when the speed of rotation of the alternator is equal to or less than a second speed limit given V 2 .
- the first limit speed given may be chosen for example as equal to the low curve speed V bc , described above and characteristic value of the curve representative of the current flow as a function of the rotational speed of the alternator.
- the transfer function can take the form of an intermediate curve H 3 and this is obtained by adding in the parameters of the control means the threshold speed values so as to define several speed ranges, so that if the speed of rotation acquired falls in one of these ranges, the transfer function of the zone of acyclism is adapted and can take the form of this intermediate curve.
- the transfer function automatically selected by the control means as a function of the rotational speed information comprises a attenuated bandwidth, especially for frequencies at which the acycl is displayed at low rotational speeds of the alternator. .
- the transfer function adapted for a given speed has a controlled cut-off frequency Fi, from which the gain is attenuated to a frequency F 2 at which the gain of acyclism is stable, the frequency F 2 being greater than the cutoff frequency Fi.
- FIGS. 7a and 7b two alternative embodiments are presented for changing this frequency F 2 at which the gain of acycl ism is stable, from one transfer function to another depending on the speeds.
- the frequency F 2 has a fixed value.
- the frequency F 2 changes according to the gain that is desired to give the filter in the attenuated zone, so to compensate for loss of phase margin in critical cases of stability of the vehicle application.
- LRC progressive load function
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1161313A FR2984039B1 (fr) | 2011-12-08 | 2011-12-08 | Procede et systeme de regulation d'un alternateur de vehicule automobile, et alternateur de vehicule automobile comprenant un tel systeme |
PCT/FR2012/052759 WO2013083902A2 (fr) | 2011-12-08 | 2012-11-30 | Procede et systeme de regulation d'un alternateur de vehicule automobile, et alternateur de vehiculle automobile comprenant un tel systeme |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2789096A2 true EP2789096A2 (fr) | 2014-10-15 |
Family
ID=47436099
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12806602.4A Withdrawn EP2789096A2 (fr) | 2011-12-08 | 2012-11-30 | Procede et systeme de regulation d'un alternateur de vehicule automobile, et alternateur de vehicule automobile comprenant un tel systeme |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9225277B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2789096A2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20140106542A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN103988417B (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2984039B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2013083902A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2976422B1 (fr) * | 2011-06-08 | 2014-10-31 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Procede de controle d'un couple resistant d'un alternateur de vehicule automobile, et systeme de mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
FR3022416B1 (fr) * | 2014-06-11 | 2017-08-25 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Boucle de regulation d'un dispositif regulateur numerique de machine electrique tournante a excitation de vehicule automobile |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09121598A (ja) * | 1995-10-26 | 1997-05-06 | Meidensha Corp | 同期発電機用励磁装置 |
US6250877B1 (en) * | 2000-07-19 | 2001-06-26 | General Electric Co. | Steam turbine controller having method and apparatus for providing variable frequency regulation |
JP4003414B2 (ja) * | 2001-06-29 | 2007-11-07 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 永久磁石式発電機を用いた発電装置 |
US6879053B1 (en) * | 2002-10-22 | 2005-04-12 | Youtility, Inc. | Transformerless, load adaptive speed controller |
EP1923988B1 (fr) * | 2006-11-16 | 2018-02-21 | Infineon Technologies Austria AG | Dispositif et procedé pour la génération d'un courant d'excitation réglé et limité |
US7746038B2 (en) * | 2008-01-02 | 2010-06-29 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | System and method for suppressing DC link voltage buildup due to generator armature reaction |
US7852646B2 (en) * | 2008-01-04 | 2010-12-14 | Honeywell International Inc. | Instantaneous load current control scheme for voltage fed DC to AC inverter supplying resistive-inductive load |
US7671570B2 (en) * | 2008-04-04 | 2010-03-02 | General Electric Company | Systems and methods involving operating variable speed generators |
FR2933549B1 (fr) * | 2008-07-02 | 2010-08-20 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Procede pour commander une machine electrique tournante, notamment un alternateur |
CN101655690A (zh) * | 2008-08-18 | 2010-02-24 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | 电动轮汽车牵引工况电气传动控制系统的仿真方法 |
FR2935559B1 (fr) * | 2008-08-26 | 2011-06-03 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Procede de protection d'une source d'energie, notamment une batterie d'un vehicule automobile |
JP2010119248A (ja) * | 2008-11-14 | 2010-05-27 | Fuji Electric Systems Co Ltd | 発電システム |
-
2011
- 2011-12-08 FR FR1161313A patent/FR2984039B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-11-30 KR KR1020147015076A patent/KR20140106542A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-11-30 US US14/363,392 patent/US9225277B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-11-30 WO PCT/FR2012/052759 patent/WO2013083902A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2012-11-30 EP EP12806602.4A patent/EP2789096A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-11-30 CN CN201280060361.4A patent/CN103988417B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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None * |
See also references of WO2013083902A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2013083902A3 (fr) | 2014-02-27 |
CN103988417B (zh) | 2017-08-04 |
KR20140106542A (ko) | 2014-09-03 |
FR2984039B1 (fr) | 2015-01-16 |
US9225277B2 (en) | 2015-12-29 |
CN103988417A (zh) | 2014-08-13 |
FR2984039A1 (fr) | 2013-06-14 |
WO2013083902A2 (fr) | 2013-06-13 |
US20140340055A1 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
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