Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
  • B41F17/00—Printing apparatus or machines of special types or for particular purposes, not otherwise provided for
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
  • B41M1/26—Printing on other surfaces than ordinary paper
  • B41M1/38—Printing on other surfaces than ordinary paper on wooden surfaces, leather, or linoleum
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
  • B41M1/10—Intaglio printing ; Gravure printing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
  • B41M5/0041—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper
  • B41M5/0076—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper on wooden surfaces, leather, linoleum, skin, or flowers
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F15/00—Flooring
  • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
  • B41C1/00—Forme preparation
  • B41C1/02—Engraving; Heads therefor
  • B41C1/04—Engraving; Heads therefor using heads controlled by an electric information signal
  • B41C1/05—Heat-generating engraving heads, e.g. laser beam, electron beam

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for the production of decorative prints according to claim 1 and an apparatus for carrying out this method according to claim 12.
• Decorated backing materials e.g. Engineered wood panels are typically used as floor coverings or to cover walls and ceilings.
• the wood-based panels used as support materials were usually coated in the past with a decorative paper, the variety of differently patterned decorative papers were no limits or are.
• the printing techniques mainly used here are gravure printing and digital printing.
• the gravure printing process is a printing technique in which the elements to be imaged are in the form of depressions in a printing form which is inked before printing.
• the ink is primarily in the recesses and is due to contact pressure of the printing plate and adhesive forces on the object to be printed such. transfer a carrier material.
• digital printing on the other hand, the print image is transferred directly from a computer to a printing press such as a press. transferred to a laser printer or inkjet printer. This eliminates the use of a static printing form.
• digital printing is becoming more and more important. While digital printing processes were initially used mainly in the graphics industry, such as advertising agencies, advertising manufacturers or printers, it is now becoming apparent that digital printing processes are also more common in other industries. There are many reasons for this, but there are two main arguments to let. Thus, digital printing enables the production of a print image with a particularly high quality through a higher resolution and also allows a wider range of applications with high flexibility.
• the method described here makes it possible to produce a same decoration on two different carrier materials using a uniform starting data record, wherein the decor is first printed on a first carrier material as a pattern print with an inkjet printer in a first printing line in digital printing and parallel or subsequently the same decor is printed on a second carrier material by means of a pressure roller in the gravure printing method in a second printing line. Accordingly, a digital printer is used for the withdrawal or production of a pattern print, and at least one identical digital output data record is used for the engraving of print rolls.
• CMYK Digital printing today is performed almost exclusively using the CMYK color system.
• the CMYK color model is a subtractive color model, where the abbreviation CMYK stands for the three color components cyan, mangenta, yellow (yellow) and the black component Key as color depth.
• CMYK stands for the three color components cyan, mangenta, yellow (yellow) and the black component Key as color depth.
• a color space (gamut) can be imaged meets the requirements of many different areas.
• the CMYK color space is a compromise, which means that certain colors can either not be created at all or the use of additional colors is necessary. This can result in color variations when converting a decor from a digital printing process to a gravure printing process, although the same dataset is used for both digital printing and gravure engraving.
• a decorative board manufacturer When redesigning a collection, a decorative board manufacturer must remove a minimum amount of printed decor paper or printed finish film from each decor.
• the minimum amount of paper is usually about one ton, which is about 15,000 m 2 .
• This decor paper must then be impregnated, pressed onto carrier plates and further processed. If exactly this décor does not succeed on the market, residual amounts that can no longer be used are created at all stages of the value chain. The resulting economic damage is significant.
• the color of the decor was set for at least one ton of paper.
• a further increasing trend is the ever smaller lot sizes.
• digital printing technology can also take this trend into account. Due to the high flexibility of digital printing, it is not only possible to print on paper or film webs, but also to directly print directly on carrier plates such as wood fiber boards. This can be skipped on the way to finishing on semi-finished or finished products, such as furniture panels, laminate floors or facade panels some value added levels, resulting in a further flexibility and simplification of manufacturing processes.
• a particular challenge lies in a combination of different printing methods, because so far visible differences in a desired or unwanted combination of higher-quality digital prints in comparison with other printing processes. These are then often regarded as a quality defect and claimed.
• the technical problem underlying the invention was therefore to offer a method for the production of decorative prints on substrates with the same quality or comparable quality appearance, regardless of whether the decor was created digitally or analogously.
• a method for the production of decorative prints of the same quality is provided on at least two substrates, the quality of the decorative prints is independent of the printing methods used, in particular regardless of the question of whether the applied printing method to a digital printing or a analog printing, such as gravure.
• the software used in steps b) and c) is preferably identical.
• the present method thus employs an electronic data set reduced in resolution both for controlling a digital printer and for producing a printing roller / set of printing rollers and their use in a gravure printing process for decor-coating another substrate. Accordingly, the resolution and possibly the color of the prints is adapted starting from a same digital data record.
• the first printed decor applied by digital printing and the second printed decor applied by deep printing are identical, so that a direct comparison of the print quality is given.
• a print motif is provided, typically as print motifs various decors such as veneers with wood grains, tile patterns, parquet imitations or fantasy patterns are used.
• the at least one print motif with the at least one image-processing software is not only converted into an electronic dataset, but also simultaneously edited to match the subject's initial and motivational end to form an endless motif.
• the high-resolution electronic data record produced in step b) can be used for digital printing and includes data for controlling the digital printing. Use of such a high resolution data set in an analog method, e.g. the gravure printing method would not be possible.
• step c it is therefore necessary to reduce the resolution of the at least one high-resolution electronic data set in accordance with step c) using at least one image-processing software, so that the data set can be used for the engraving of printing rolls.
• the at least one first carrier material and the at least one second carrier material used in the present process may be identical or different and may be selected from a group comprising paper, glass, metal, films, wood-based materials, in particular MDF or HDF boards, veneers, lacquer layers , Plastic plates and inorganic carrier plates.
• the number of pixels per unit area applied to the first substrate by digital printing is equal to the number of pixels per unit area applied to the second substrate by means of gravure printing. Accordingly, it is preferable if the number of pixels applied to the substrate per unit area is independent of the one used Printing method is, ie it makes no difference whether digital printing or printing is used.
• the printing decor created by means of digital printing and the printing decor created by gravure printing using the printing roller are printed on uniformly pre-primed carrier materials.
• the carrier materials may e.g. be pretreated by primer layer of a resin and / or a lacquer.
• an aqueous resin solution and / or a radiation-curable filler may be applied to the primer to be printed on the side of the substrate.
• a primer e.g. aqueous formaldehyde-containing resin solutions such as melamine-formaldehyde resin, urea-formaldehyde resin or melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin can be used. It is also possible to pre-coat or prime the backing material with UV filler and / or ESH filler and then cure this primer coat accordingly.
• a data set with reduced resolution is used for both the digital printing and for generating the set of rolls as a so-called standard data set.
• the decorate record can be provided with customizations electronically, e.g. for wood decors with knotholes or cracks, for stone decors with fossils or inclusions or for fantasy decors with figures or toys.
• This individualized decorate record can be used in either a high resolution or a reduced resolution for digital printing.
• the question of the resolution with which the individualized data record is used essentially depends on how the collections are positioned or whether a higher sales revenue can possibly be achieved through individualization. Thus, the customer could be offered the added benefit of higher resolution with a higher sales revenue.
• a reduced resolution of the data set is preferably selected. At higher resolution, the performance of the printer drops significantly.
• a predetermined number of disks for example, five disks can be printed using the standard data set at low pressure, and a subsequent number of further disks, eg two disks, using the individualized data set be printed in digital printing. So you can respond to customer requests and achieve better prices with the individualized decors.
• the printing fluids used for digital printing and for deep printing have identical pigments, it being possible for dissolving agents and binders of the printing fluids used to be different.
• the inks for the gravure printing process and the inks for the digital printing process have correspondingly the same pigment base, which leads to comparable or identical results in printing.
• At least one protective layer in particular a layer comprising abrasion-resistant particles, natural fibers, synthetic fibers and / or other additives, wherein resins such as melamine-formaldehyde resin, or urea-formaldehyde resin , Acrylate resins and polyurethane resins can be used as suitable binders.
• resins such as melamine-formaldehyde resin, or urea-formaldehyde resin , Acrylate resins and polyurethane resins can be used as suitable binders.
• the abrasion-resistant particles are preferably selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxides, corundum, boron carbides, silicon dioxides, silicon carbides and glass beads.
• natural and / or synthetic fibers in particular fibers are selected from the group containing wood fibers, cellulose fibers, wool fibers, hemp fibers and organic or inorganic polymer fibers are used.
• conductive substances As additives, conductive substances, flame retardants, luminescent substances and metals may be added.
• the conductive substances may be selected from the group comprising carbon black, carbon fibers, metal powder and nanoparticles, in particular carbon nanotubes. It is also possible to use combinations of these substances.
• flame retardants phosphates, borates, in particular ammonium polyphosphate, tris (tri-bromneopentyl) phosphate, zinc borate or boric acid complexes of polyhydric alcohols are preferably used.
• luminescent substances are preferably fluorescent and / or phosphorescent substances on an inorganic or organic basis, in particular zinc sulfide and alkaline earth aluminates.
• the printed substrate material which may be provided with a protective layer is further processed or finished in a short-cycle (KT) press.
• KT press the resin layers are melted and the laminate is cured to a laminate.
• the KT press can be produced using a structured press plate and surface structures in the surface of the support material such as a wood-based panel, which may optionally be carried out matched to the decor (so-called decorsynchronous structure).
• the structures may be in the form of pore structures that follow the grain.
• the structures may be depressions in the area of joint fill lines enclosed by the decor.
• the present method offers a number of advantages.
• the samples or selected substrates provided with printing decors can be presented to the customer immediately. It is possible to create any colors and to introduce a digital rework. Also, the decors or products can be produced with the appropriate decors in any amount and a fast delivery is possible without pressure roller production. It is also possible to use the master data record for premium products using the data record with the highest resolution, and residual stocks at different stages of the production process are avoided.
• the method described here has the advantage that a rapid provision of color-matched products is possible and only later, depending on the market success of the product, the most favorable production method can be selected.
• the disadvantage of higher costs is limited to poorly performing decors or initial productions.
• the development of decors within the product life cycle can also be better taken into account. For example, a small amount is printed digitally for samples or samples, and the resulting large quantities are subsequently produced in gravure printing. At the end of the life cycle of a product, small quantities can be generated digitally.
• Another advantage is that in a production line that has the potential of both low and digital printing, a décor can be processed in an individualized and non-individualized manner.
• the support materials used may be the same or different.
• printing liquids having the same pigment base can be used for the gravure printing and the digital printing, i. the pressure fluids used can have identical pigments.
• the present device comprises at least one means for applying a protective layer to the substrate provided with the respective printing decor.
• This means or device for applying a protective layer is preferably arranged after the first printing line or second printing line.
• the present device comprises at least one short-cycle press for pressing the carrier material provided with the printing decor and the protective layer arranged thereon.
• each printing line can be assigned at least one short-cycle press or it is also conceivable that the carrier materials issuing from the first and second printing lines and each provided with a printing decor are fed to a single short-cycle press.
• a veneer (1400 x 2070 mm) is scanned in a scanner with a resolution of 1000 dpi.
• the transition at the beginning and end of the decor can be adjusted to create an endless decoration.
• the electronic data set is reduced by the image processing software to a resolution that is suitable for the engraving of printing rollers (60-80 dpi).
• first failure patterns are then created on a digital printer, which can be color-adjusted after consultation.
• Paper, foil, wood materials, veneers, lacquer layers, plastic plates, inorganic carrier plates, etc. can serve as carrier materials for the prints.
• rolls are used for the production of the decoration in the gravure printing process.
• the method is not limited to the production of wood reproductions. Any template can be digitized, edited and printed on a variety of substrates or pressed

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Printing Methods (AREA)

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Citations (3)

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• 2013
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• 2014
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• 2018
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