EP2770108B1 - Tamping unit for a rail tamping machine - Google Patents

Tamping unit for a rail tamping machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2770108B1
EP2770108B1 EP13160788.9A EP13160788A EP2770108B1 EP 2770108 B1 EP2770108 B1 EP 2770108B1 EP 13160788 A EP13160788 A EP 13160788A EP 2770108 B1 EP2770108 B1 EP 2770108B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
tamping
hydraulic cylinder
oscillation
hydraulic
distance sensor
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EP13160788.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2770108A1 (en
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Bernhard Lichtberger
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HP3 Real GmbH
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HP3 Real GmbH
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Application filed by HP3 Real GmbH filed Critical HP3 Real GmbH
Priority to PL13160788T priority Critical patent/PL2770108T3/en
Priority to CN201480016782.6A priority patent/CN105189868A/en
Priority to US14/769,585 priority patent/US9957668B2/en
Priority to CN201811166525.7A priority patent/CN109577114A/en
Priority to RU2015135381A priority patent/RU2640165C2/en
Priority to PCT/AT2014/050027 priority patent/WO2014127393A1/en
Publication of EP2770108A1 publication Critical patent/EP2770108A1/en
Publication of EP2770108B1 publication Critical patent/EP2770108B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E01B27/12—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track; Compacting track-carrying ballast
    • E01B27/13—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track
    • E01B27/16—Sleeper-tamping machines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tamping unit for a track tamping machine with tamping tool pairs designed as rocking levers on a tamping tool pairs, which are designed as rocking levers and which are arranged in a height-adjustable manner in a tamping unit frame the tamping tools of a tamping tool pair are assigned a hydraulic cylinder and a displacement sensor for determining the hydraulic cylinder position.
  • Tamping units use tamping tools to penetrate the ballast of a track bed in the area between two sleepers (intermediate compartment), in the area where the sleeper is supported in the ballast under the rail, and compact the ballast through dynamic vibration of the tamping tines between the tamping tines that can be provided opposite one another. Tamping units can tamp one, two or more sleepers in one work cycle ( DE 24 24 829 A ).
  • the auxiliary drives effective as linear drives are designed in such a way that they not only perform a linear auxiliary movement, but at the same time also in one of the AT 339 358 , the EP 0 331 956 or the U.S. 4,068,595 known way to generate the vibration required for the tampon. This means that the speed, the vibration amplitude, its shape and the frequency can be specified.
  • the movements of a tamping unit include the vertical immersion of the tamping tines in the ballast, the set-up movement in which the tamping tine ends are closed to each other and the superimposed dynamic oscillation which causes the actual compression of the ballast grains.
  • hydraulic cylinders for the positioning movement which are connected to a vibration shaft with eccentricity via connecting rods and which superimpose the vibratory oscillation on the positioning movement ( AT 369 455 B ). These vibration shafts and connecting rods are supported by roller bearings that require regular, expensive maintenance.
  • Other known solutions use linear excitation via hydraulic cylinders. Two hydraulic cylinders are mechanically coupled in series. One hydraulic cylinder performs the set-up movement, the other the vibratory movement. The magnitude of the resulting oscillation is determined mechanically and by the hydraulic excitation. The size of the amplitude cannot be freely adjusted.
  • Optimal tamping frequencies for compaction are known to be between 25-40 Hz, whereby a penetration of the tamping ax into the ballast is more easily possible with higher frequencies, since only a smaller immersion impact occurs and thus the stress on the bearings of the tamping ax assembly can be reduced.
  • the tamping units in use today have a very high and costly maintenance effort. Typically, the units are at least partially overhauled and serviced every season. After 1-2 overhauls, the units must be replaced with new ones.
  • the auxiliary cylinders are activated, the amplitude decreases due to the elasticity of the hydraulic hoses and thus the compression effect decreases. It is known from various studies that falling tamping amplitudes impair compaction and also reduce the penetration into the ballast.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing tamping units of the type described above with simple means in such a way that the stability of the vibration drive is considerably increased.
  • the invention achieves the stated problem in that the control of the hydraulic cylinders takes place as a function of the travel sensor signal and the hydraulic cylinder control valves are arranged directly on the hydraulic cylinder.
  • a single common hydraulic cylinder is used for the set-up movement and the vibratory movement of at least one tamping tine (possibly also by several synchronously driven tamping tines of several tamping tine pairs).
  • a measuring transducer is assigned to the hydraulic cylinder, which, for example, always records the exact position of the hydraulic piston. Since no rotating parts are provided in the power stage of the drive, the stability of the vibration drive is considerably improved with the simplest structure.
  • hydraulic cylinder control valves in particular servo or proportional valves, are provided, which are arranged directly on the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the hydraulic lines should be as short as possible so that the elasticity, the storage effect (damping) of the hydraulic hoses under the impact load, is kept low.
  • Typical requirements are amplitudes of 3-6 mm at the tamping tine ends at a maximum frequency of 50 Hz. Compaction amplitudes close to the upper limit are better suited, for example, for loose ballast (after track cleaning and track renewal or track construction).
  • the current hydraulic cylinder position is recorded by the displacement sensor built into the hydraulic cylinder or externally attached. Any suitable measuring sensor that takes on the function can be used.
  • the detected position is compared, for example, with a target position and the respective hydraulic cylinder control valve is activated accordingly with the difference, for which purpose a control or regulation is provided.
  • the hydraulic cylinder position can therefore be specified or regulated by a control / regulation as a function of the displacement sensor signals, with a vibration in particular being able to be superimposed on a linear adjustment movement of the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the control / regulation specifies the oscillation, the oscillation amplitude and the oscillation frequency, depending on the height and the position of the tamping ends.
  • the target position is specified by an electrical signal curve.
  • a linearly increasing voltage (ramp) is specified for a linear adjustment movement.
  • the opening width of the tamping unit, the distance between the tamping tine ends of a tamping tine pair, corresponds to a certain predetermined voltage.
  • the oscillation in turn corresponds to an alternating voltage superimposed on the auxiliary voltage.
  • the amplitude of the alternating voltage then corresponds to the vibration amplitude and the frequency of the alternating voltage corresponds to the stopping frequency.
  • the main advantages of the invention are the simple design that does not require any wear-prone roller bearings, connecting rods and connecting rod bearings for coupling the auxiliary cylinders to the vibration shaft and does not require a flywheel.
  • the tamping unit opening width i.e. the distance between the tamping ends, is continuously adjustable and any free preselection of the tamping frequency, for example immersing the pimples with 50 Hz for a low immersion impact and compacting with 35 Hz in the working position, the pimples to reduce wear and tear of the noise, possible without any problems.
  • Continuous adjustment of the tamping amplitude and its signal form square, sine, triangle, sawtooth) allows optimal adaptation to the respective superstructure conditions. If a control circuit is provided, the tamping movement is automatically readjusted in the event of changes in resistance by the control circuit, which ensures compliance with the desired tamping amplitudes and frequencies.
  • control / regulation will specify the provision path. But if the ballast is already highly compacted, then the actual movement will necessarily deviate from the target movement. In order to be able to compact the ballast in a targeted manner, it is advisable if the control / regulation specifies the oscillation, the oscillation amplitude and the oscillation frequency as a function of the cylinder pressure measured, in particular with a pressure sensor. A pressure measurement in the hydraulic cylinder allows conclusions to be drawn about the compaction of the ballast bed.
  • a tamping unit 1 for a track tamping machine includes, among other things, tamping tool pairs with tamping tools 3 arranged on a carrier 2 and designed as rocking levers, the lower tamping tine ends 5 of which are intended to be immersed in a ballast bed 4 can be driven in opposite directions with a vibration drive 6 and can be provided hydraulically to one another, with an auxiliary path s are.
  • the carrier 2 is guided in a height-adjustable manner in a tamping unit frame 7 with guides 8 and can be displaced into the desired height position with an adjusting cylinder 9.
  • the tamping tools 3 are designed as two-armed levers which are pivotably mounted on the carrier 2. One arm of the respective tamping tool 3 is formed by a tamping pick 10 and a hydraulic cylinder 11 engages the other arm, which is in turn mounted on the carrier 2 at the other end.
  • Each of the tamping tools 3 of a tamping tool pair is assigned a hydraulic cylinder 11 and a displacement sensor 12 for determining the hydraulic cylinder position, the hydraulic cylinders 11 forming the auxiliary drive as well as the vibration drive for the tamping tines 10 and the hydraulic cylinders 11 being actuated as a function of the displacement sensor signal.
  • the displacement sensor 12 With the displacement sensor 12, the exact stroke position of the hydraulic cylinder 11, that is, the distance between its two articulation points, one end on the tamping tool 3 and the other end on the carrier 2, can thus be determined.
  • the displacement sensor 12 and the hydraulic cylinder 11 form a structural unit and the displacement sensor 12 is integrated into the hydraulic cylinder 11.
  • hydraulic cylinder control valves 13 in particular servo or proportional valves, are provided, which are arranged directly on the hydraulic cylinder 11.
  • the hydraulic supply lines that is to say the pump lines and the tank lines, are not shown for the sake of clarity.
  • the tamping unit is supplied with hydraulic energy via a standard hydraulic unit.
  • the hydraulic cylinder position can be specified by a control / regulation 14 as a function of the displacement sensor signals.
  • the control / regulation 14 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder control valves 13 via control lines 15 and to the displacement sensors 12 via measuring lines 16.
  • the control / regulation 14 can specify the oscillation, that is to say the oscillation amplitude and the oscillation frequency, as a function of the altitude h and the auxiliary position s of the tamping tines 10.
  • the provision s and the vibration excitation of the tamping tines 10 is thus carried out by a hydraulic cylinder, wherein a hydraulic cylinder 11 is provided for each tamping tine 10 or a hydraulic cylinder 11 can be provided for several tamping tines 10 to be moved synchronously.
  • Fig. 2 it is shown that an oscillation can be superimposed on a linear adjustment movement of the hydraulic cylinders 11.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Stopfaggregat für eine Gleisstopfmaschine mit auf einem, in einem Stopfaggregatrahmen höhenverstellbar geführten, Träger angeordneten, als Schwinghebel ausgebildeten Stopfwerkzeugpaaren, deren zum Eintauchen in ein Schotterbett bestimmte untere Stopfpickelenden mit einem Schwingungsantrieb gegenläufig antreibbar und hydraulisch zueinander beistellbar sind, wobei jedem der Stopfwerkzeuge eines Stopfwerkzeugpaares ein Hydraulikzylinder und ein Wegsensor zur Bestimmung der Hydraulikzylinderstellung zugeordnet sind.The invention relates to a tamping unit for a track tamping machine with tamping tool pairs designed as rocking levers on a tamping tool pairs, which are designed as rocking levers and which are arranged in a height-adjustable manner in a tamping unit frame the tamping tools of a tamping tool pair are assigned a hydraulic cylinder and a displacement sensor for determining the hydraulic cylinder position.

Stopfaggregate penetrieren mit Stopfwerkzeugen den Schotter eines Gleisbettes im Bereich zwischen zwei Schwellen (Zwischenfach), im Bereich des Auflagers der Schwelle im Schotter unter der Schiene und verdichten den Schotter durch eine dynamische Vibration der Stopfpickel zwischen den zueinander beistellbaren gegenüberliegenden Stopfpickeln. Stopfaggregate können in einem Arbeitszyklus eine, zwei oder mehr Schwellen stopfen ( DE 24 24 829 A ). Gemäß der Lehre der EP 1 653 003 A2 sind die als Linearantrieb wirksamen Beistellantriebe derart ausgeführt, dass diese nicht nur eine lineare Beistellbewegung, sondern gleichzeitig auch in einer aus der AT 339 358 , der EP 0 331 956 oder der US 4 068 595 bekannten Weise die für die Stopfpickel erforderliche Vibration erzeugen. Damit können die Beistellgeschwindigkeit, die Schwingungsamplitude, deren Form und die Frequenz vorgegeben werden.Tamping units use tamping tools to penetrate the ballast of a track bed in the area between two sleepers (intermediate compartment), in the area where the sleeper is supported in the ballast under the rail, and compact the ballast through dynamic vibration of the tamping tines between the tamping tines that can be provided opposite one another. Tamping units can tamp one, two or more sleepers in one work cycle ( DE 24 24 829 A ). According to the teaching of the EP 1 653 003 A2 the auxiliary drives effective as linear drives are designed in such a way that they not only perform a linear auxiliary movement, but at the same time also in one of the AT 339 358 , the EP 0 331 956 or the U.S. 4,068,595 known way to generate the vibration required for the tampon. This means that the speed, the vibration amplitude, its shape and the frequency can be specified.

Die Bewegungen eines Stopfaggregates umfassen das vertikale Eintauchen der Stopfpickel in den Schotter, die Beistellbewegung bei welcher die Stopfpickelenden zueinander geschlossen werden und die überlagerte dynamische Schwingung welche die eigentliche Verdichtung der Schotterkörner bewirkt. Bekannt ist es für die Beistellbewegung Hydraulikzylinder zu verwenden, die über Pleuel mit einer Vibrationswelle mit Exzentrizität verbunden sind und die der Beistellbewegung die vibratorische Schwingung überlagern ( AT 369 455 B ). Diese Vibrationswellen und Pleuel sind über Wälzlager gelagert, die regelmäßiger teurer Wartung bedürfen. Andere bekannte Lösungen verwenden eine lineare Anregung über Hydraulikzylinder. Dabei werden zwei Hydraulikzylinder in Serie mechanisch gekoppelt. Der eine Hydraulikzylinder führt die Beistellbewegung aus, der andere die vibratorische Bewegung. Die Größe der dabei entstehenden Schwingung wird mechanisch und durch die hydraulische Anregung bestimmt. Die Größe der Amplitude kann nicht frei eingestellt werden.The movements of a tamping unit include the vertical immersion of the tamping tines in the ballast, the set-up movement in which the tamping tine ends are closed to each other and the superimposed dynamic oscillation which causes the actual compression of the ballast grains. It is known to use hydraulic cylinders for the positioning movement which are connected to a vibration shaft with eccentricity via connecting rods and which superimpose the vibratory oscillation on the positioning movement ( AT 369 455 B ). These vibration shafts and connecting rods are supported by roller bearings that require regular, expensive maintenance. Other known solutions use linear excitation via hydraulic cylinders. Two hydraulic cylinders are mechanically coupled in series. One hydraulic cylinder performs the set-up movement, the other the vibratory movement. The magnitude of the resulting oscillation is determined mechanically and by the hydraulic excitation. The size of the amplitude cannot be freely adjusted.

Optimale Stopffrequenzen zur Verdichtung liegen bekanntermaßen zwischen 25-40 Hz, wobei ein Eindringen der Stopfpickel in den Schotter mit höheren Frequenzen leichter möglich ist, da nur ein geringerer Eintauchstoß auftritt und damit die Beanspruchung der Lagerungen des Stopfpickelaggregates verringert werden kann.Optimal tamping frequencies for compaction are known to be between 25-40 Hz, whereby a penetration of the tamping ax into the ballast is more easily possible with higher frequencies, since only a smaller immersion impact occurs and thus the stress on the bearings of the tamping ax assembly can be reduced.

Die heute im Einsatz befindlichen Stopfaggregate weisen einen sehr hohen und kostspieligen Wartungsaufwand auf. Typischerweise werden die Aggregate jede Saison zumindest partiell überholt und gewartet. Nach 1-2 Überholungen müssen die Aggregate durch neue ersetzt werden. Zusätzlich ist es bekannt Stopfaggregate mit rotierenden Vibrationswellen mit Schwungscheibe auszurüsten, damit die Frequenz bei zunehmender Verdichtung des Schotters nicht allzu sehr abfällt. Bekannt ist auch, dass bei der Ansteuerung der Beistellzylinder die Amplitude durch die Elastizität der Hydraulikschläuche abnimmt und damit die Verdichtungswirkung sinkt. Aus verschiedenen Untersuchungen ist bekannt, dass abfallende Stopfamplituden die Verdichtung beeinträchtigen und ebenfalls das Eindringen in den Schotter reduzieren.The tamping units in use today have a very high and costly maintenance effort. Typically, the units are at least partially overhauled and serviced every season. After 1-2 overhauls, the units must be replaced with new ones. In addition, it is known to equip tamping units with rotating vibration waves with a flywheel so that the frequency does not drop too much with increasing compaction of the ballast. It is also known that when the auxiliary cylinders are activated, the amplitude decreases due to the elasticity of the hydraulic hoses and thus the compression effect decreases. It is known from various studies that falling tamping amplitudes impair compaction and also reduce the penetration into the ballast.

Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, Stopfaggregate der eingangs geschilderten Art mit einfachen Mitteln derart weiterzubilden, dass die Standfestigkeit des Vibrationsantriebes erheblich erhöht wird.The invention is therefore based on the object of developing tamping units of the type described above with simple means in such a way that the stability of the vibration drive is considerably increased.

Die Erfindung löst die gestellte Aufgabe dadurch, dass die Ansteuerung der Hydraulikzylinder wegsensorsignalabhängig erfolgt und die Hydraulikzylinderansteuerventile direkt am Hydraulikzylinder angeordnet sind. Gemäß der Erfindung wird für die Beistellbewegung und die vibratorische Bewegung wenigstens eines Stopfpickels (gegebenenfalls auch von mehreren synchron angetriebenen Stopfpickeln mehrerer Stopfpickelpaare) ein einziger gemeinsamer Hydraulikzylinder verwendet. Dem Hydraulikzylinder ist ein Messgeber zugeordnet, der beispielsweise stets die genaue die genaue Position des Hydraulikkolbens erfasst. Da keine rotierenden Teile in der Leistungsstufe des Antriebs vorgesehen sind wird die Standfestigkeit des Vibrationsantriebes bei einfachstem Aufbau erheblich verbessert.The invention achieves the stated problem in that the control of the hydraulic cylinders takes place as a function of the travel sensor signal and the hydraulic cylinder control valves are arranged directly on the hydraulic cylinder. According to the invention, a single common hydraulic cylinder is used for the set-up movement and the vibratory movement of at least one tamping tine (possibly also by several synchronously driven tamping tines of several tamping tine pairs). A measuring transducer is assigned to the hydraulic cylinder, which, for example, always records the exact position of the hydraulic piston. Since no rotating parts are provided in the power stage of the drive, the stability of the vibration drive is considerably improved with the simplest structure.

Zur Betätigung der Hydraulikzylinder sind Hydraulikzylinderansteuerventile, insbesondere Servo- oder Proportionalventile, vorgesehen, die direkt am Hydraulikzylinder angeordnet sind. Die Hydraulikleitungen sollten so kurz wie möglich sein, damit die Elastizität, die Speicherwirkung (Dämpfung) der Hydraulikschläuche unter der Stoßbelastung, niedrig gehalten wird. Typische Anforderungen sind Amplituden von 3-6 mm an den Stopfpickelenden bei einer maximalen Frequenz von 50 Hz. Verdichtamplituden nahe der oberen Grenze eignen sich beispielsweise für lockeren Schotter (nach Gleisreinigung und Gleisumbau oder Gleisneubau) besser.To actuate the hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic cylinder control valves, in particular servo or proportional valves, are provided, which are arranged directly on the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic lines should be as short as possible so that the elasticity, the storage effect (damping) of the hydraulic hoses under the impact load, is kept low. Typical requirements are amplitudes of 3-6 mm at the tamping tine ends at a maximum frequency of 50 Hz. Compaction amplitudes close to the upper limit are better suited, for example, for loose ballast (after track cleaning and track renewal or track construction).

Besonders Robuste, also wenig störanfällige und einfache Konstruktionsverhältnisse ergeben sich, wenn der Wegsensor und der Hydraulikzylinder eine Baueinheit bilden und der Wegsensor insbesondere in den Hydraulikzylinder integriert ist.Particularly robust, that is, simple construction conditions that are less prone to failure, result when the displacement sensor and the hydraulic cylinder form a structural unit and the displacement sensor is integrated in particular in the hydraulic cylinder.

Zum Stopfen wird die aktuelle Hydraulikzylinderstellung durch den in den Hydraulikzylinder eingebauten oder außen angebauten Wegsensor erfasst. Jeder geeignete, die Funktion übernehmende Messsensor kann verwendet werden. Die erfasste Position wird beispielsweise mit einer Sollposition verglichen und das jeweilige Hydraulikzylinderansteuerventil mit der Differenz entsprechend angesteuert, wozu eine Steuerung bzw. Regelung vorgesehen ist. Die Hydraulikzylinderstellung ist also von einer Steuerung/Regelung in Abhängigkeit der Wegsensorsignale vorgebbar bzw. regelbar, wobei insbesondere einer linearen Beistellbewegung der Hydraulikzylinder eine Schwingung überlagerbar ist.For tamping, the current hydraulic cylinder position is recorded by the displacement sensor built into the hydraulic cylinder or externally attached. Any suitable measuring sensor that takes on the function can be used. The detected position is compared, for example, with a target position and the respective hydraulic cylinder control valve is activated accordingly with the difference, for which purpose a control or regulation is provided. The hydraulic cylinder position can therefore be specified or regulated by a control / regulation as a function of the displacement sensor signals, with a vibration in particular being able to be superimposed on a linear adjustment movement of the hydraulic cylinder.

Die Steuerung/Regelung gibt die Schwingung, die Schwingungsamplitude und die Schwingungsfrequenz, in Abhängigkeit von der Höhen- und der Beistelllage der Stopfpickelenden vor. Die Sollposition wird durch einen elektrischen Signalverlauf vorgegeben. Dazu wird beispielsweise für eine lineare Beistellbewegung eine linear ansteigende Spannung (Rampe) vorgegeben. Die Öffnungsweite des Stopfaggregates, der Abstand der Stopfpickelenden eines Stopfpickelpaares, entspricht dabei einer bestimmten vorgegebenen Spannung. Die Schwingung wiederum entspricht einer der Beistellspannung überlagerten Wechselspannung. Die Amplitude der Wechselspannung entspricht dann der Vibrationsamplitude und die Frequenz der Wechselspannung der Stopffrequenz.The control / regulation specifies the oscillation, the oscillation amplitude and the oscillation frequency, depending on the height and the position of the tamping ends. The target position is specified by an electrical signal curve. For this purpose, for example, a linearly increasing voltage (ramp) is specified for a linear adjustment movement. The opening width of the tamping unit, the distance between the tamping tine ends of a tamping tine pair, corresponds to a certain predetermined voltage. The oscillation in turn corresponds to an alternating voltage superimposed on the auxiliary voltage. The amplitude of the alternating voltage then corresponds to the vibration amplitude and the frequency of the alternating voltage corresponds to the stopping frequency.

Die wesentlichen Vorteile der Erfindung sind die einfache Bauweise, die ohne verschleißanfällige Wälzlager, Pleuel und Pleuellagerungen der Ankopplung der Beistellzylinder auf der Vibrationswelle auskommt und keine Schwungscheibe benötigt. Zudem ist die Stopffaggregatöffnungsweite, also der Abstand zwischen den Stopfpickelenden, stufenlos einstellbar und ist eine beliebige freie Vorwahl der Stopffrequenz, beispielsweise ein Eintauchen der Pickel mit 50 Hz für einen geringen Eintauchstoß und ein Verdichten mit 35 Hz in Arbeitsstellung die Pickel zur Verminderung des Verschleißes und des Lärms, problemlos möglich. Eine kontinuierliche Einstellung der Stopfamplitude und deren Signalform (Rechteck, Sinus, Dreieck, Sägezahn) erlaubt eine optimale Anpassung an die jeweiligen Oberbauverhältnisse. Ist ein Regelkreislauf vorgesehen erfolgt eine automatische Nachregelung der Stopfbewegung bei Widerstandsänderungen durch den Regelkreislauf, womit eine Einhaltung der gewünschten Stopfamplituden und Frequenzen sichergestellt ist.The main advantages of the invention are the simple design that does not require any wear-prone roller bearings, connecting rods and connecting rod bearings for coupling the auxiliary cylinders to the vibration shaft and does not require a flywheel. In addition, the tamping unit opening width, i.e. the distance between the tamping ends, is continuously adjustable and any free preselection of the tamping frequency, for example immersing the pimples with 50 Hz for a low immersion impact and compacting with 35 Hz in the working position, the pimples to reduce wear and tear of the noise, possible without any problems. Continuous adjustment of the tamping amplitude and its signal form (square, sine, triangle, sawtooth) allows optimal adaptation to the respective superstructure conditions. If a control circuit is provided, the tamping movement is automatically readjusted in the event of changes in resistance by the control circuit, which ensures compliance with the desired tamping amplitudes and frequencies.

Üblicherweise wird von der Steuerung/Regelung der Beistellweg vorgeben werden. Wenn der Schotter aber schon hoch verdichtet ist, dann wird die Ist-Bewegung von der Soll-Bewegung zwangsweise abweichen. Um den Schotter dann dennoch gezielt verdichten zu können, empfiehlt es sich, wenn die Steuerung/Regelung die Schwingung, die Schwingungsamplitude und die Schwingungsfrequenz, in Abhängigkeit vom, insbesondere mit einem Drucksensor, gemessenen Zylinderdruck vorgibt. So kann durch eine Druckmessung im Hydraulikzylinder auf die Verdichtung des Schotterbettes rückgeschlossen werden.Usually, the control / regulation will specify the provision path. But if the ballast is already highly compacted, then the actual movement will necessarily deviate from the target movement. In order to be able to compact the ballast in a targeted manner, it is advisable if the control / regulation specifies the oscillation, the oscillation amplitude and the oscillation frequency as a function of the cylinder pressure measured, in particular with a pressure sensor. A pressure measurement in the hydraulic cylinder allows conclusions to be drawn about the compaction of the ballast bed.

Mit der Erfindung sind verschiedene Betriebsarten der Stopfaggregate oder der Einzelpickelsysteme möglich, wie insbesondere unterschiedliche Frequenz, unterschiedliche Amplituden u. dgl. für verschiedene Stopfpickel. Eine Aufzeichnung der tatsächlichen Wege und der Sollwege des Stopfaggregates ist in einfacher Weise durch Messwerterfassung möglich, womit eine Qualitätskontrolle der erreichten Verdichtung möglich ist. Damit sind auch Aussagen über den Zustand des Schotterbettes (locker, verkrustet, verschmutzt) möglich. Auf eine Änderung der Schotterbettverhältnisse kann unmittelbar und automatisch reagiert werden. So könnte in lockerer Bettung die Beistellgeschwindigkeit zu Beginn erhöht werden und auch die Amplitude vergrößert werden. Wird die Bettung durch das Stopfen dichter können Amplitude und Frequenz stufenlos nachjustiert werden.With the invention, different modes of operation of the tamping units or the single pick systems are possible, such as in particular different frequencies, different amplitudes and the like for different tamping tips. A recording of the actual paths and the target paths of the tamping unit is possible in a simple manner by recording measured values, which enables quality control of the compression achieved. This also enables statements to be made about the condition of the ballast bed (loose, encrusted, dirty). A change in the ballast bed conditions can be responded to immediately and automatically. In loose bedding, the provision speed could be increased at the beginning and the amplitude also increased. If the bedding becomes denser due to the plugging, the amplitude and frequency can be readjusted continuously.

In der Zeichnung ist der Erfindungsgegenstand beispielsweise dargestellt. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
ein erfindungsgemäßes Stopfaggregat in teilgeschnittener Seitenansicht und
Fig. 2
ein Diagramm zur Darstellung der Beistelllage der Stopfwerkzeuge.
The subject of the invention is shown in the drawing, for example. Show it
Fig. 1
a tamping unit according to the invention in a partially sectioned side view and
Fig. 2
a diagram showing the position of the tamping tools provided.

Ein Stopfaggregat 1 für eine Gleisstopfmaschine umfasst unter anderem auf einem Träger 2 angeordnete, als Schwinghebel ausgebildete Stopfwerkzeugpaare mit Stopfwerkzeugen 3, deren zum Eintauchen in ein Schotterbett 4 bestimmte untere Stopfpickelenden 5 mit einem Schwingungsantrieb 6 gegenläufig antreibbar und hydraulisch zueinander, mit einem Beistellweg s, beistellbar sind. Der Träger 2 ist in einem Stopfaggregatrahmen 7 mit Führungen 8 höhenverstellbar geführt und mit einem Stellzylinder 9 in die gewünschte Höhenlage verlagerbar. Die Stopfwerkzeuge 3 sind als zweiarmige Hebel ausgebildet, die am Träger 2 schwenkbar gelagert sind. Ein Arm des jeweiligen Stopfwerkzeuges 3 wird von einem Stopfpickel 10 gebildet und am anderen Arm greift ein Hydraulikzylinder 11 an, der andernends wiederum am Träger 2 gelagert ist.A tamping unit 1 for a track tamping machine includes, among other things, tamping tool pairs with tamping tools 3 arranged on a carrier 2 and designed as rocking levers, the lower tamping tine ends 5 of which are intended to be immersed in a ballast bed 4 can be driven in opposite directions with a vibration drive 6 and can be provided hydraulically to one another, with an auxiliary path s are. The carrier 2 is guided in a height-adjustable manner in a tamping unit frame 7 with guides 8 and can be displaced into the desired height position with an adjusting cylinder 9. The tamping tools 3 are designed as two-armed levers which are pivotably mounted on the carrier 2. One arm of the respective tamping tool 3 is formed by a tamping pick 10 and a hydraulic cylinder 11 engages the other arm, which is in turn mounted on the carrier 2 at the other end.

Jedem der Stopfwerkzeuge 3 eines Stopfwerkzeugpaares sind ein Hydraulikzylinder 11 und ein Wegsensor 12 zur Bestimmung der Hydraulikzylinderstellung zugeordnet, wobei die Hydraulikzylinder 11 den Beistellantrieb als auch den Schwingungsantrieb für die Stopfpickel 10 bilden und die Ansteuerung der Hydraulikzylinder 11 wegsensorsignalabhängig erfolgt. Mit dem Wegsensor 12 kann somit stets die exakte Hublage des Hydraulikzylinders 11, also der Abstand zwischen seinen beiden Anlenkpunkten, einerends am Stopfwerkzeug 3 und anderends am Träger 2, bestimmt werden. Im Ausführungsbeispiel bilden der Wegsensor 12 und der Hydraulikzylinder 11 eine Baueinheit und ist der Wegsensor 12 in den Hydraulikzylinder 11 integriert.Each of the tamping tools 3 of a tamping tool pair is assigned a hydraulic cylinder 11 and a displacement sensor 12 for determining the hydraulic cylinder position, the hydraulic cylinders 11 forming the auxiliary drive as well as the vibration drive for the tamping tines 10 and the hydraulic cylinders 11 being actuated as a function of the displacement sensor signal. With the displacement sensor 12, the exact stroke position of the hydraulic cylinder 11, that is, the distance between its two articulation points, one end on the tamping tool 3 and the other end on the carrier 2, can thus be determined. In the exemplary embodiment, the displacement sensor 12 and the hydraulic cylinder 11 form a structural unit and the displacement sensor 12 is integrated into the hydraulic cylinder 11.

Zur Betätigung der Hydraulikzylinder sind Hydraulikzylinderansteuerventile 13, insbesondere Servo- oder Proportionalventile, vorgesehen, die direkt am Hydraulikzylinder 11 angeordnet sind. Die Versorgungsleitungen der Hydraulik, also die Pumpenleitungen und die Tankleitungen, sind der Übersichtlichkeit halber nicht eingezeichnet. Die Versorgung des Stopfaggregates mit hydraulischer Energie erfolgt über ein übliches Hydraulikaggregat.To actuate the hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic cylinder control valves 13, in particular servo or proportional valves, are provided, which are arranged directly on the hydraulic cylinder 11. The hydraulic supply lines, that is to say the pump lines and the tank lines, are not shown for the sake of clarity. The tamping unit is supplied with hydraulic energy via a standard hydraulic unit.

Die Hydraulikzylinderstellung ist von einer Steuerung/Regelung 14 in Abhängigkeit der Wegsensorsignale vorgebbar. Dazu ist die Steuerung/Regelung 14 über Steuerleitungen 15 an die Hydraulikzylinderansteuerventile 13 und über Messleitungen 16 an die Wegsensoren 12 angeschlossen. Die Steuerung/Regelung 14 kann die Schwingung, also die Schwingungsamplitude und die Schwingungsfrequenz, in Abhängigkeit von der Höhenlage h und der Beistelllage s der Stopfpickel 10 vorgeben. Die Beistellung s und die Schwingungsanregung der Stopfpickel 10 wird somit von einem Hydraulikzylinder vorgenommen, wobei ein Hydraulikzylinder 11 je Stopfpickel 10 vorgesehen ist oder aber auch ein Hydraulikzylinder 11 für mehrere synchron zu bewegende Stopfpickel 10 vorgesehen sein kann. In Fig. 2 ist dargestellt, dass einer linearen Beistellbewegung der Hydraulikzylinder 11 eine Schwingung überlagerbar ist.The hydraulic cylinder position can be specified by a control / regulation 14 as a function of the displacement sensor signals. For this purpose, the control / regulation 14 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder control valves 13 via control lines 15 and to the displacement sensors 12 via measuring lines 16. The control / regulation 14 can specify the oscillation, that is to say the oscillation amplitude and the oscillation frequency, as a function of the altitude h and the auxiliary position s of the tamping tines 10. The provision s and the vibration excitation of the tamping tines 10 is thus carried out by a hydraulic cylinder, wherein a hydraulic cylinder 11 is provided for each tamping tine 10 or a hydraulic cylinder 11 can be provided for several tamping tines 10 to be moved synchronously. In Fig. 2 it is shown that an oscillation can be superimposed on a linear adjustment movement of the hydraulic cylinders 11.

Claims (7)

  1. Tamping assembly (1) for a track tamping machine, comprising tamping tool pairs which are arranged on a carrier (2) guided so as to be height-adjustable in a tamping assembly frame, are designed as rocker arms and of which the lower tamping pick ends (5) which are intended for insertion into a ballast bed (4) can be driven in opposite directions by means of an oscillation drive (6) and can be fed hydraulically towards one another, wherein each of the tamping tools (3) of a tamping tool pair is allocated a hydraulic cylinder (11), wherein the hydraulic cylinders (11) form the feed drive and also the oscillation drive (6) of the tamping tools (3), and a distance sensor (12) for determining the hydraulic cylinder position, and wherein hydraulic cylinder activation valves (13) are provided in order to actuate the hydraulic cylinders (11), characterised in that the hydraulic cylinders (11) are activated in dependence upon distance sensor signals and in that the hydraulic cylinder activation valves (13) are arranged directly on the hydraulic cylinder (11).
  2. Tamping assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the distance sensor (12) and the hydraulic cylinder (11) form a structural unit and the distance sensor (12) is integrated in particular into the hydraulic cylinder (11).
  3. Tamping assembly as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the hydraulic cylinder activation valves (13) are servo valves or proportional valves.
  4. Tamping assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the hydraulic cylinder position can be specified by a controller/regulator (14) in dependence upon the distance sensor signals.
  5. Tamping assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that an oscillation can be superimposed upon a linear feed movement of the hydraulic cylinders (11).
  6. Tamping assembly as claimed in claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the controller/regulator (14) specifies the oscillation, the oscillation amplitude and the oscillation frequency in dependence upon the height position and feed position (±h, ±s) of the tamping picks.
  7. Tamping assembly as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6, characterised in that the controller/regulator (14) specifies the oscillation, the oscillation amplitude and the oscillation frequency in dependence upon the cylinder pressure measured in particular by means of a pressure sensor.
EP13160788.9A 2013-02-22 2013-03-25 Tamping unit for a rail tamping machine Active EP2770108B1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL13160788T PL2770108T3 (en) 2013-02-22 2013-03-25 Tamping unit for a rail tamping machine
RU2015135381A RU2640165C2 (en) 2013-02-22 2014-01-22 Stabilizing unit for sleeper packing machine
US14/769,585 US9957668B2 (en) 2013-02-22 2014-01-22 Tamping unit for a track tamping machine
CN201811166525.7A CN109577114A (en) 2013-02-22 2014-01-22 Tamping machine for sleeper-tamping machine
CN201480016782.6A CN105189868A (en) 2013-02-22 2014-01-22 Tamping unit for a track tamping machine
PCT/AT2014/050027 WO2014127393A1 (en) 2013-02-22 2014-01-22 Tamping unit for a track tamping machine

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ATA50121/2013A AT513973B1 (en) 2013-02-22 2013-02-22 Tamping unit for a tamping machine

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EP2770108A1 EP2770108A1 (en) 2014-08-27
EP2770108B1 true EP2770108B1 (en) 2021-05-05

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EP (1) EP2770108B1 (en)
CN (2) CN109577114A (en)
AT (1) AT513973B1 (en)
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US9957668B2 (en) 2018-05-01
WO2014127393A1 (en) 2014-08-28
ES2879282T3 (en) 2021-11-22
EP2770108A1 (en) 2014-08-27
US20160010287A1 (en) 2016-01-14
CN105189868A (en) 2015-12-23
AT513973A4 (en) 2014-09-15
PL2770108T3 (en) 2021-11-29
CN109577114A (en) 2019-04-05
RU2640165C2 (en) 2017-12-26
AT513973B1 (en) 2014-09-15

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