EP2759648A1 - Trussed structure, and connecting element and support for a trussed structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The structure has a connecting element (10) which is provided with a formed pads (11) that is provided in connection with the elongated support (100-105). An adjacent cross arms is extended parallel along the free space. The front face of the elongated support is connected to the connection surfaces of the connecting element. The major surface portion of a circumferential surface (106) of the elongated support is formed as a continuous surface and is made of a thermally insulating material. An independent claim is included for building.

Description

The present invention relates to a truss structure, a connecting element and a support for such a truss structure, a set for creating such a truss structure and a building comprising such a truss structure according to the preambles of the independent claims.

Various types of truss constructions are known in the art. Truss structures are particularly suitable for a fast and modular construction of buildings.

Modern buildings and premises require a large number of supply lines, be it for electricity or water supply, for the media connection or similar facilities. Such supply lines should be able to be installed in the building in the simplest possible way. From the point of view of thermal engineering, a building should be constructed as economically as possible, especially as the energy efficiency requirements of buildings have increased significantly in recent years. However, these two requirements conflict in different ways. While in terms of heat technology, the best possible and complete separation of individual building sections against each other is desirable, the laying of supply lines between building sections from one room to another openings and openings through which the cables can be laid. Especially with modular construction of a building, these requirements are difficult to reconcile. Similar requirements apply in the case of isolation from acoustic vibrations. It is also desirable To achieve the lowest possible transmission of acoustic vibrations between different sections of the building.

The FR 2 526 890 describes a truss structure having a node that can each accommodate two parallel tubes extending in the axial direction of a Cartesian coordinate system. Such a construction suffers from various disadvantages. For example, due to the connecting elements, thermal bridges remain between the tubes. In addition, acoustic vibrations are well conducted by the pipes and transmitted to the nodes (and vice versa) and thus can continue through the framework. Moreover, such constructions generally can not meet the structural requirements of buildings because of the asymmetry in stiffness due to the arrangement of the two tubes. Last but not least, supply lines must be routed separately, which is structurally complex on the one hand and on the other hand is climatically unfavorable due to openings and breakthroughs.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a truss structure which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, a truss structure and a connecting element and a support for such a truss structure to be provided, which allows for good insulation properties easy management of supply lines. In addition, the truss structure should allow for a simple and cost-effective production and assembly as well as good structural properties a versatile application for different types of buildings.

These objects are achieved by the features of the independent claims. Further embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims and from the drawings.

Hereinafter, "lines" means supplies needed to supply a building. This term includes, for example, both water pipes and cables for electrical cables and other supply lines.

Generic truss constructions typically include longitudinal and transverse beams as well as supports and elements for connecting the individual components. Here and below, both supports for vertical mounting and beams for horizontal or oblique mounting, unless otherwise noted, referred to collectively with "carrier".

Claim 1 relates to a truss structure of modular construction, which comprises at least one connecting element and at least one elongate carrier. The connecting element is provided for angled, in particular rectangular, connecting at least two carriers. Such a connecting element has two substantially identically formed connecting surfaces with a substantially cross-shaped outer contour. These connection surfaces are provided for frontal connection of a respective carrier. The connection surfaces adjoin one another with an end edge of a cross arm along a common edge and are arranged at an angle to each other. In a region between the adjacent cross arms a space for routing is formed. The space is open on both sides in a direction parallel to the common edge.

The free space allows a cable routing through the connecting element. Since the free space is open on both sides, lines can be guided in particular from one side of the connecting element to the other. Optionally, after installation of the conduits, the space may be closed with an insulating material, e.g. foamed up in order to further improve the climate-technical properties of the framework construction.

Any openings at which the free space is open at the end may be e.g. be formed on the outer surfaces of the connecting element, but also be set back from these in the interior of the connecting element. The openings may e.g. so adjacent to the pads that the space is accessible through an area between two adjacent cross arms of the pads.

The elongate carrier has an end face which is designed to be connected to one of the connection surfaces of the connection element. The end surface closes the carrier in its longitudinal direction. Preferably, the end face is formed as a flat surface, which is flat connected to the in this case also flat connecting surfaces of the connecting element.

The carrier is formed in the region of the end face such that the free space of the connecting element is freely accessible from the outside when the carrier is connected. The carrier therefore preferably has a cross-shaped cross-section in the region of the end face which substantially corresponds to that of the connection surface of the connecting element. Of course, the cross section may also have a different shape, provided that the free space of the connecting element remains accessible. Conceivable, for example, targeted recesses in the area of the front of the Carrier, which allow access to the free space with a connected carrier.

The truss structure according to the invention is characterized in that a substantial surface portion of a lateral surface of the carrier is formed as a continuous surface. Under lateral surface that surface is understood, which limits the carrier in the radial direction with respect to its longitudinal axis. In the present case, an area fraction of at least 50% of the lateral surface, preferably of at least 75%, and preferably of at least 90%, is understood to mean a significant proportion of area. It is particularly advantageous if the lateral surface is completely formed as a continuous surface.

By forming a substantial surface portion of the lateral surface of the carrier throughout, the carrier acts as a barrier e.g. against air circulation in the direction transverse to its longitudinal direction. In addition, in this way, e.g. a space between double-walled surface elements such as wall, floor, or ceiling elements, which are used in the framework, are completed by the carrier. Depending on requirements, the carrier may have a free space within the lateral surface, which optionally extends over the entire length of the carrier. Such a free space can be used, for example, for routing or as a closed air chamber for improved thermal insulation. A closed lateral surface also has particular advantages in terms of structural properties such as torsional rigidity and deflection.

The carrier is preferably made of a heat-insulating material. Preferably, the carrier comprises a wood material and is in particular made of solid wood. Wood-based materials are characterized on the one hand by their good heat-insulating properties Properties and on the other hand by their strength. In addition, wood is a renewable resource, which thus has advantages in economic terms. As "wood-based materials" in the present case, for example, plywood, laminated wood, timber plywood and all types of plywood understood. It is also conceivable that the carrier is made of a composite material which comprises a wood material and additives such as a plastic. Also conceivable, for example, reinforcements made of metal, although any disadvantages in terms of the insulation properties must be weighed against the static advantages, for example. In other words, depending on the requirements, the carriers may preferably consist entirely of the wood-based material or preferably comprise a wood-based material as a partial material. Such a choice of material is also advantageous in terms of acoustic insulation, since such carriers attenuate acoustic vibrations particularly well.

Of course, the carrier can also be made of another heat-insulating and / or acoustically insulating material, such as e.g. be made of a plastic, provided for the respective application sufficient structural properties such. a required rigidity can be ensured. Unless otherwise noted, "insulating properties" below refers to heat-insulating properties.

Advantageously, the carrier for the truss structure comprises a second end face which is designed to be connected to one of the connection surfaces of a second, substantially similar connecting element. The end faces close off the carrier on both sides in its longitudinal direction.

In a preferred embodiment, the carrier between the first end face and the second end face one, in particular in the longitudinal direction invariable, continuous cross-shaped cross section. This is particularly advantageous because the recesses between the cross arms provide space to lead, for example, cables and / or use surface elements such as floor, ceiling or wall elements. The free spaces of the connecting element are preferably accessible via the recesses of the carrier. Preferably, the cross-shaped cross-section is regular, ie centrally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the carrier. Thus, the carrier with respect to its longitudinal axis and symmetrical static properties and is structurally easy to use.

Advantageously, the open space of the connecting element for the truss structure in the direction transverse to the common edge, at least in a section bounded on all sides by a wall.

The all-round limitation of the free space in the direction transverse to the common edge of the connecting element acts in the implementation of the lines through the free space of the connecting element as wiring. Such a guide allows the installer when laying the lines through the connecting element, in particular in the case of several free spaces in different directions, to lead the line in the connecting element in a simple manner in a desired direction. Thus, it can be ensured during assembly that the lines are ordered out in the connecting element and exit when passing through the connecting element at the desired location again from the connecting element. Likewise, the wall acts for the ordered support of the guided through the connecting element lines.

If the free space is bounded on all sides by a wall, the passage provided by the free space in the section of the wall can, if necessary, be purposefully and easily closed and / or insulated.

Preferably, the connecting element is composed of twelve substantially similar, open-ended square tube sections, each with four largely square outer surfaces. The connecting element is composed in such a way that adjacent square tube sections adjoin one another along a common edge and two mutually adjoining outer surfaces of each of the square tube sections each form two adjoining transverse arms of two connecting surfaces.

Due to the use of square tube sections for producing a connecting element, an internal structure results in the connecting element, which delimits the free space for routing. The free space can be formed in particular by one of the open-ended interiors of the square tube sections. In the direction transverse to the common edge of the free space is limited in this case, at least in a section on all sides of the side walls of this square tube section. The end-side openings of this square tube section provide the open ends of the free space.

By the connecting element of twelve square tubes is composed as described, 12 outwardly open spaces are provided inside the connecting element. In addition, there are six pads for carriers, which are arranged on an imaginary regular cube. Corner sections of the cube, ie areas between the cross arms of the connecting surfaces, are excluded, so that three free spaces are directly accessible from each corner section. This way becomes a special one allows versatile and orderly wiring in the connecting element. Last but not least, the internal structure achieved in this way also contributes significantly to the structural strength of the connecting element.

Preferably steel square tube sections can be used, this allows a particularly fast and cost-effective production, since adjacent pipe sections are welded together along one of the edges, at which they adjoin one another. However, the square tube sections may also be connected along this edge in some other way, such as e.g. be glued. In particular, with an insulating compound at this edge as e.g. can be provided by a bond, the insulating properties, in particular the acoustically insulating properties, of the connecting element can be improved.

Advantageously, the open space has openings whose opening planes are arranged substantially perpendicular to the common edge of the two connection surfaces. In this way, the free space is accessible in a direction of passage of the free space through the openings. An opening area preferably corresponds to a cross section of the free space in the direction of passage. Optionally, the openings are preferably formed by the open ends of one of the square tube sections.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a connecting element for a truss structure described herein with the features of claim 6. The connecting element has two substantially identically formed connecting surfaces. These pads have a substantially cross-shaped outer contour, to each of which a carrier is frontally connectable. The connection surfaces border with a front edge each one of their cross arms along a common edge to each other and are arranged at an angle to each other. They are provided for angled, in particular rectangular, connecting at least two carriers.

Preferably, the pads are substantially flat. In a region between the adjacent cross arms a space for routing is formed. The space is open on both sides in a direction parallel to the common edge. This allows the guidance of lines between two opposite sides of a connecting element.

The inventive connecting element is characterized in that the free space in the direction transverse to the common edge is limited on all sides by a wall, at least in one section. The advantages associated with this feature will be apparent from the description of the connecting element in connection with the truss structure. It is understood that the connecting element can in principle also be used with other carriers as described in a truss structure. In particular, the connecting element can also be used with carriers with a perforated jacket surface, such as, for example, Lattice girders or hollow girders with e.g. perforated side walls, provided that the said advantages of a closed lateral surface of the carrier (for example structural stability, air circulation) can or should be dispensed with.

It is particularly advantageous if the connecting element has at least one further, essentially identically constructed connecting surface. Such a further connection surface adjoins with an end edge of at least one of its cross arms in a further common edge against the front edge of one of the free cross arms of one of the at least two connection surfaces.

In a preferred embodiment, the further connection surface adjoins the front edge of the second connection surface with another of its cross arms in a further common edge. The three pads are arranged in this case on three intersecting planes in a point.

In each area between adjacent cross arms in the interior of the connecting element, a free space for routing is formed. This space is open on both sides in a direction parallel to the corresponding common edge and can be delimited on all sides transversely to this edge, for example by a wall at least in one section. In the longitudinal direction of this edge, the free space may be open, preferably it ends in openings for the cable feedthrough which, for example, may be formed on the connection surface or adjoining it or set back into the interior of the connection element.

Preferably, two connection surfaces, which have mutually adjacent cross arms, arranged perpendicular to each other. In this way, a fundamentally rectangular arrangement of the carriers of the truss construction created with the connecting element is predetermined, which is generally frequently used as a standardized construction. It is understood that for special constructions or in certain areas of a building such as in the roof area fasteners are required, which dictate other angles between two adjacent carriers. For this purpose, the pads can be arranged according to need at different angles, for example at an angle of for example 60 ° or 120 ° to each other. It is also understood that different pairs of adjacent pads of a single connector may be disposed at different angles to one another.

Preferably, each cross-shaped connection surface forms a substantially rectangular cross shape. Simple to manufacture and to be processed fasteners arise when the cross arms of one of the pads have substantially the same length, particularly advantageous such pads are formed symmetrically to a center of the cross shape.

Advantageously, the length of the cross arms of each cross-shaped connection surface corresponds to the length of an edge of a center square of this connection surface. This results in the direction of the cross arms in each case a substantially equidistant one third of the pad. In this case, the entire connection surface is composed of five substantially identical, largely square partial surfaces. The central square can have a recess into which a central connecting piece of the carrier can engage as a shear pin.

A further preferred embodiment of a connecting element comprises exactly six substantially similar connection surfaces with a substantially cross-shaped outer contour. Each cross arm of a pad abuts with a front edge in a common edge to an end edge of a cross arm of another pad.

Preferably, the pads are arranged on the sides of an imaginary regular cube. In each area between mutually adjacent cross arms in each case a free space is formed in the interior of the connecting element. These free spaces are open on both sides in one direction parallel to the corresponding common edge. These clearances are analogous to the above-mentioned space suitable to lead lines.

Preferably, each free space has a clear cross-sectional area, which essentially corresponds to a parallelogram, which is spanned by the cross arms, between which the free space is arranged, in a corresponding cross-sectional plane.

In a preferred embodiment, the connecting element, as described above in connection with the truss structure, composed of twelve substantially identical, open-ended square tube sections with four largely square outer surfaces. Two adjoining outer surfaces of each of the square tube sections form two adjacent cross arms of two connection surfaces and a common edge. Adjacent pipe sections adjoin one another along a common edge. The advantages of this construction of the connecting element will become apparent from the description in connection with the truss structure.

Preferably steel square tube sections can be used. The adjacent square tube sections are welded together along the common edge. This allows efficient and cost-effective production. Alternatively, as mentioned, other types of connection such as e.g. a bond with the mentioned advantage are used.

For the connection of carriers to the connecting element, fastening means are preferably provided by means of which carriers which can be connected to the connecting surfaces can be fixed to the connecting element. The fastening means preferably comprise fastening openings formed on the cross arms of the connection surfaces. These openings are suitable, for example, to receive screws or bolts which can extend from the end faces of the carriers provided for connection. With such Fasteners is a simple installation possible. Due to the externally accessible free spaces of the connecting element, the fastening openings are accessible from the inside of the connecting element, whereby, for example, the screws or bolts of the carrier can be fixed in a simple manner inside the connecting element, for example with a nut.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a carrier having the features of claim 16 for a truss structure according to the invention. The inventive carrier is elongate and has at least one end face on an end face with a cross-shaped outer contour. A significant surface portion of a lateral surface of the carrier is formed as a continuous surface. The carrier is made of an insulating material, in particular comprising a wood material, preferably made of solid wood. Preferably, the carrier has a cross-shaped cross-section over its entire length. The advantages of such a carrier will become apparent from the description in connection with the inventive truss construction.

On its front side, the carrier may comprise fastening means which cooperate with corresponding fastening means of the connecting element for connection to a connecting element according to the invention. For example, the carrier may have in the longitudinal direction protruding bolts on the front side, which can engage in corresponding fastening openings of the connecting element. Depending on the design of the connecting element, the bolts can be screwed to the connection of the carrier in the interior of the connecting element. Likewise, a shear bolt can be formed centrally on the carrier, which in a corresponding recess of the connection surface of the connecting element can engage to transmit shear forces between the carrier and fastener.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a set for creating a truss structure with the features of claim 17. Such a set comprises at least one connecting element as described herein and at least two carriers as described herein. In particular, after the planning phase of a building fixed fasteners and carriers can be provided in a set in total, so that a complete kit for the truss structure of the building is available.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a building having the features of claim 18 comprising a truss structure as described herein. Here, a parallel to the plane of the two carriers arranged wall, floor or ceiling element, here and hereinafter referred to as surface elements, inserted between the carriers. The plane of the two carriers here denotes a plane which is spanned by the longitudinal axes of the two carriers. The surface element is preferably arranged in each case with an edge region in an area between adjacent cross arms of the carrier. In the building at least one line of a building management system is guided by the free space in the interior of the connecting element from one side of the surface element to the other. In the case of a cross-shaped cross section of the carrier, at least one line is preferably guided in at least one section in a region between adjacent cross arms of at least one of the carriers. In particular, the lines can be guided in corresponding line guides of the surface elements, which are arranged in the edge regions, with which the surface element is arranged in a region between adjacent cross arms of the carrier.

The invention therefore also relates to a surface element which comprises a cable guide in at least one edge region along the edge. The cable routing is preferably open at the ends in the edge direction, so that a line running in the cable guide can be guided when the surface element is inserted into the free space of the connecting element. Alternatively, the surface element in the edge region have a recess, so that there is a cavity for routing when inserted surface elements between the surface element and the carrier.

Advantageously, the wall, floor or ceiling elements are formed as panels having at least on one side a cover layer or a cover plate. These elements preferably have two such cover plates. For example, an insulating layer can be arranged between or on these cover layers or plates.

It is understood that such surface elements can be prefabricated and, for example, may already contain doors or windows. Also supply lines or other components can already be placed in the prefabricated area elements. During assembly, such placed components must be connected to each other only by the or the free spaces in the connecting elements.

As is apparent from the present description of the invention, connecting element, support and wall, floor or ceiling elements can be prefabricated as prefabricated parts of a truss structure of a building in a simple manner and provided in a modular manner.

Figur 1:

Ein erfindungsgemässes Verbindungselement;

Figur 2:

einen Vierkantrohrabschnitt für das Verbindungselement gemäss Fig. 1;

Figur 3:

einen Ausschnitt einer erfindungsgemässen Fachwerkkonstruktion in einer Explosionsdarstellung;

Figur 4:

einen Ausschnitt der erfindungsgemässen Fachwerkkonstruktion gemäss Fig. 3 in einer perspektivischen Aussenansicht.

Figur 5:

Querschnitt durch ein Gebäude mit einem erfindungsgemässen Träger

On the basis of figures, which represent only embodiments, the invention will be explained in more detail below. They show schematically:

FIG. 1:

An inventive connecting element;

FIG. 2:

a square tube section for the connecting element according to Fig. 1 ;

FIG. 3:

a detail of an inventive truss structure in an exploded view;

FIG. 4:

a section of the inventive truss construction according to Fig. 3 in a perspective exterior view.

FIG. 5:

Cross section through a building with a carrier according to the invention

FIG. 1 shows a connecting element 10 according to the invention in a perspective external view. The connecting element 40 essentially has a regular cubic basic shape, whereby corner areas as well as central areas of each side area are recessed.

The connecting element 10 is composed of twelve square tube sections 40, which are connected to each other in pairs at a common edge 41. Preferably, the square tube sections 40 are made of metal, in particular a steel, and welded together along the common edge 41. The square tube sections 40 have square side walls 25, so that a total of a regular cubic shape results (see also Fig. 2 ). The square tube sections 40 have an inner space 26 which is open at the openings 22 over the entire cross section of the respective square tube section 40.

Each square tube section 40 is connected to four further square tube sections 40 at a respective common edge 41. In this way, the said, essentially cubic basic shape of the connecting element 10 results. In a common plane arranged side walls 25 of four of the twelve square tube sections 40 form a cross-shaped connection surface 11. The connection surfaces 11 each have four cross arms 30 and are each on one the side surfaces of the substantially cubic basic shape of the connecting element 10 is arranged. The cross arms 30 of each connection surface 11 are each formed by one of the side walls 25 of the four associated square tube sections 40. A center square of the connection surfaces 11 is recessed, so that a central opening 32 results to the interior of the connecting element 10. The opening 32 may include a shear pin 150 of a carrier 100-105 (FIG. Fig. 3 ) take up. An opening surface of the opening 32 corresponds to the surface of one of the side walls 25 of the square tube sections 40. Overall, this results in six cross-shaped connection surfaces 11, which are arranged in pairs at a right angle to each other.

Each cross arm 30 of a connection surface 11 terminates at an end edge 20 and borders therewith in a common edge 21 on the front edge 20 of a cross arm 30 of a further connection surface 11. Two adjacent cross arms 30 are each provided by one of the square tube sections 40, wherein the edge 21st is formed by an edge of the square tube section 40.

The interior space 26 of each square tube section 40 provides a clearance 24 which extends along the common edge 21 in the interior of the connecting element 10. The free space 24 opens into the end-side openings 22 of the respective square tube section 40 and is bounded inside the connecting element 10 by the side walls 25 of the respective square tube section 40.

At each cross arm 20 one of the pads 11 fastening means 31 are formed. The fastening means 31 are presently designed as two attachment openings in the respective side walls 25 of the respective square tube section 40. The attachment openings are arranged one behind the other in the direction of the open-sided open space 24. These attachment holes serve to receive complementary corresponding attachment means 131 of the carriers 100-105 (see Fig. 3 ) and can be formed before or after assembly of the square tube sections 40.

FIG. 2 shows one of the twelve square tube sections 40 of the connecting element 10. The four side walls 25 of the square tube section 40 are formed as square wall sections which abut in pairs at common edges at a right angle. The side walls enclose the inner space 26 of the square tube section 40 and delimit the end-side openings 22. The inner space 26 and the openings 22 have a square cross-section which substantially corresponds to the area of one of the side walls 25.

The square tube section 40 can be completely prefabricated. Two adjoining side walls 25 have the mentioned fastening means 31, while the two further side walls are formed continuously. In the connecting element 10, the square tube sections 40 are arranged such that the side walls 25 are directed with the fixing means 31 to the outside, while the two further side walls 25 are directed inwards.

FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of an inventive truss structure 1 in the area around a connecting element 10 in an exploded view. Around the centrally arranged connecting element 10, vertical support beams 100/101 and horizontal cross beams 104/105 and longitudinal beams 102/103 are arranged (hereinafter referred to in their entirety as supports 100-105). The carriers 100-105 are elongated and each have cross-shaped end surfaces 151 at their ends. The end faces 151 are formed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the carrier 100 - 105 and complementary to the connection surface 11 of the connecting element 10. A lateral surface 106 of the carriers 100-105 closes the carrier 100-105 in the radial direction and in the present case is designed to be completely continuous. The carrier 100 - 105 is preferably made of an insulating building material, in particular made of a wood material or comprises such a substance. By thus forming the entire carrier 100-105 as an insulating body, wall elements 172 inserted into the truss structure 1 (see FIG Fig. 5 ) thermally insulated against each other due to the truss itself. It is understood that the carriers 100-105 can also provide a good acoustic insulation from a wood-based material, which is particularly the case with floor and ceiling elements 170/171 (cf. Fig. 4 ) may be advantageous.

The carriers 100-105 have in the present case with respect to their longitudinal axis present over their entire length a uniform cross-section, which corresponds to the cross-shaped end surfaces 151.

The carriers 100-105 are in the illustration of Fig. 3 each with its longitudinal axis perpendicular to an associated terminal surface 11 of the connecting element 10, that is aligned in a connecting direction, arranged around this. At the end surfaces 151 a plurality of fastening means 131 and a shear pin 150 are arranged in each case.

The fastening means 131 are designed as bolts projecting beyond the end face 151 in the longitudinal direction, which bolts can be introduced into the fastening openings 31 of the connecting element 10 in the respective connecting direction when connecting the carriers 100-105 to the connecting element 10. The carriers 100 - 105 can be fixed to the connecting element 10 by means of the fastening means 31/131. For example, the bolts can be provided as a threaded bolt and with a thread on which after connection to the connecting element 10 in the respective free space 24 corresponding nuts are put on and tightened can be. The free spaces 24 are accessible through the openings 22, whereby a simple fixation is possible.

The shear pin 150 serves to transmit transverse forces between the carriers 100 - 105 and the connecting element 10. In the connected state, the shear pin 150 engages in the opening 32 of the connecting means 10. Thus, the fastening means 31/131 can be relieved with respect to a load in the transverse direction. The shear pin 150 is presently formed directly on the carrier 100 - 105. It is of course also possible that the transverse pin 150 is formed as a separate part and on the carrier 100 - 105 is attached. Likewise, the shear pin 150 may be part of the connecting element 10 and engage in a recess on the carrier 100-105. However, it is also conceivable that such a shear bolt 150 is not needed for structural reasons.

FIG. 4 shows the in Fig. 3 described truss structure 1 in the assembled state. The carriers 100-105 are each connected with an end face 151 to the connecting element 10 and fixed thereto. The carriers 100 - 105 are fixed in the interior of the connecting element 10 via the fastening means 31/131. Due to the cross-shaped cross section of the carrier 100 - 105, the corner regions of the connecting element 10 are freely accessible from the outside. In particular, thus the openings 22 of the square tube section 40 are accessible from the outside.

Between two cross arms of the vertical support beams 100/101, a conduit 160 is shown by way of example. The conduit 160 enters the clearance 24 from the space between the cross arms of the carrier 101 in the corner region of the connecting element 10 through the opening 22. The conduit 160 is in the space 24 by the connecting element 10 from one side to the opposite Side of the connecting element 10 passed. On the opposite side, the line 160 emerges from the connecting element 10 at the further opening 22 of the corresponding square tube section 40 in a further corner region and extends further between the cross arms of the carrier 100.

The line can thus according to the invention be guided in a simple manner from one side of a bottom element 170 inserted between the longitudinal member 102 and the cross member 104 on its other side. For this purpose, no openings in the bottom element 170 are required.

Of course, the free space 24, through which the line 160 is guided, after the line feedthrough, if necessary filled with an insulating material and insulated. In this way, the two space portions separated by the bottom member 170 can be thermally insulated from each other.

In Fig. 4 In addition, a ceiling element 171 is indicated, which is also used substantially parallel to the bottom element 170 also between the longitudinal beam 102 and the cross member 104. It follows directly from the arrangement that, on the one hand, the cross arm of the carrier 102 or 104 arranged between the bottom element 170 and the cover element 171 acts as a spacer for the elements 170 and 171. Such a gap 173 can be filled, for example, with an insulating material. On the other hand, the shell surface of the carrier 102 or 104 closed in accordance with the invention closes off the interspace 173 in an advantageous manner in an insulating manner, for example against an air circulation.

The advantageous routing of the truss structure 1 according to the invention thus enables a simple, for example a rectilinear, Laying the line 160 in the truss structure and through the connecting element 10 therethrough. Of course, cables can also be angled guided by the connecting element 10, depending on which of the truss space predetermined areas are to be connected by the line 160 with each other.

FIG. 5 shows a horizontal cross section through an edge region of a building with a truss construction according to the invention. The cross section extends in particular through the carrier 100 designed according to the invention as a vertical support carrier. The carrier 100 is shown in FIG Fig. 5 arranged along an outer high edge of the building.

A wall element 172 is struck on the carrier 100. In contrast to the schematically indicated floor and ceiling elements 170 and 171 according to the representation of Fig. 4 the wall element 172 is double-walled and provided with additional insulation layers. At a further side of the carrier 100, at a right angle to the wall element 172, a glass facade 180 is struck, which connects via an insulating element 181 to the carrier 100. Glass facade 180 and wall element 172 thus form an outer wall portion of the building.

The carrier 100 is completely surrounded by an insulating layer 182 to the outside. The insulating layer 182 extends circumferentially with respect to the carrier 100 up to the wall element 172 and the glass facade 180 zoom. A line 161 is guided between two arms of the carrier 100 outside the building. The insulation layer 182 also covers the line 161 accommodated between the cross arms.

Claims (18)

Truss structure (1) for modular construction, comprising: a) at least one connecting element (10) for angled, in particular rectangular, connecting at least two carriers (100 - 105), which connecting element (10) has two substantially identically formed connecting surfaces (11) with a substantially cross-shaped outer contour to the frontal connection respectively one of the carriers (100-105), wherein the connection surfaces (11) with an end edge (20) of each one of its cross arms (30) along a common edge (21) adjacent to each other and are arranged at an angle to each other, wherein in one area between the adjacent cross arms (30) in the connecting element, a free space (24) is formed for routing, which is open on both sides in a direction parallel to the common edge (21), and b) at least one elongated support (100-105) having an end face (151) which is designed for connection to one of the connection surfaces (11) of the connection element (10), wherein the support (100-105) is arranged in the region of the end face (151 ) is formed such that the free space of the connecting element is freely accessible from the outside when the carrier (100-105) is connected, in particular the carrier (100-105) has a cross-shaped cross section in the region of the end face (151),
characterized in that
a substantial surface portion of a lateral surface (106) of the carrier (100 - 105) is formed as a continuous surface and the carrier (100 - 105) is preferably made of a heat-insulating material, in particular comprising a wood material, preferably made of solid wood. Truss structure (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier (100 - 105) comprises a second end face (151), which is designed for connection to one of the connection surfaces (30) of a second, substantially similar connecting element (10) and preferably between the first end face (151) and the second end face (151) has a, in particular in the longitudinal direction invariable, continuously cross-shaped cross-section. Truss structure (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the open space (24) of the connecting element (10) in the direction transverse to the common edge (21) is delimited on all sides by a wall (23) at least in one section , Truss structure (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the connecting element (10) is composed of twelve substantially identical, open ended square tube sections (40), each with four substantially square outer surfaces, such that adjacent square tube sections along a common edge (41) adjacent to each other and two adjacent outer surfaces of each of the square tube sections (40) each form two adjacent cross arms (30) of two connection surfaces (11). Truss structure (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the open space (24) openings (22), the opening planes are arranged substantially perpendicular to the common edge (21), wherein the openings (22) optionally are formed by the open ends of one of the square tube sections (40). Connecting element (10), in particular for a truss structure (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, for angled, in particular rectangular, joining of at least two beams (100-105), which connecting element (10) has two essentially identically formed connecting surfaces (11 ) with a substantially cross-shaped outer contour to the end-side connection in each case one of the carriers (100 - 105), wherein the connection surfaces (11) with an end edge (20) in each case one of its cross arms (30) along a common edge (21) adjacent to each other and at an angle to each other, wherein in a region between the adjacent cross arms (30) is a space for routing, which is open in a direction parallel to the common edge (21) on both sides, characterized in that the free space in Direction transverse to the common edge (21) at least in a section on all sides of a wall (23 ) is limited. Connecting element (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one further, substantially identically formed connecting surface (11) is present, which with an end edge (20) of at least one of its cross arms (30) in a further common edge (21) the front edge (20) of one of the free cross arms (30) of one of the at least two connection surfaces (11) is adjacent, wherein in each area between adjacent cross arms (30) in the interior of the connecting element (10) is formed a free space for routing, which in a Direction parallel to the corresponding common edge (21) is open on both sides. Connecting element (10) according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that two connection surfaces (11) which have mutually adjacent cross arms (30) are arranged perpendicular to each other. Connecting element (10) according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that each cross-shaped connection surface (11) forms a substantially rectangular cross shape and in particular the cross arms (30) of one of the connection surfaces (11) have substantially the same length. Connecting element (10) according to claim 9, characterized in that the length of the cross arms (30) of each cross-shaped connection surface (11) corresponds to the length of an edge of a central square of this connection surface (11). Connecting element (10) according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that it comprises exactly six substantially similar connection surfaces (11) with a substantially cross-shaped outer contour, wherein each cross arm (30) of a connection surface (11) with a front edge (20) in one common edge (21) on an end edge (20) of a cross arm (30) of another terminal surface (11) adjacent, such that the connection surfaces (11) are arranged on the sides of an imaginary cube, wherein in each area between adjacent cross arms ( 30) in the interior of the connecting element (10) in each case a free space is formed, which is open on both sides in a direction parallel to the corresponding common edge (21). Connecting element (10) according to one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that each free space has a clear cross-sectional area, which substantially a Parallelogram corresponds, which is spanned by the cross arms (30), between which the free space is arranged in a corresponding cross-sectional plane. Connecting element (10) according to claim 12, characterized in that it is composed of twelve substantially identical, open ended square tube sections (40) each having four substantially square outer surfaces, such that adjacent square tube sections (40) along a common edge (41) adjacent to each other and two adjoining outer surfaces of each of the square tube sections (40) each form two adjoining transverse arms (30) of two connection surfaces (11). Connecting element (10) according to claim 13, characterized in that the square tube sections (40) are made of steel and the adjacent square tube sections (10) along the common edge (41) are welded together. Connecting element (10) according to any one of claims 6 to 14, characterized in that fastening means (31) are provided by means of which to the connection surfaces (11) connectable supports (100 - 105) on the connecting element (10) can be fixed, in particular the fastening means ( 31) on the cross arms (30) of the connection surfaces (11) formed mounting holes. Carrier (100 - 105), in particular for a truss structure (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the support (100 - 105) is elongated and has on at least one end face an end face (151) with a cross-shaped outer contour, where a significant proportion of area a lateral surface (106) of the carrier (100 - 105) is formed as a continuous surface and the carrier (100 - 105) is made of an insulating material, in particular comprising a wood material, preferably of solid wood, wherein the carrier (100 - 105) preferably has a cross-shaped cross section over its entire length. Set for creating a truss structure (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, comprising at least one connecting element (10) according to one of claims 6 to 15 and at least two supports (100 - 105) according to claim 16. A building comprising a truss structure (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a parallel to the plane of the two supports (100 - 105) arranged surface element between the carriers (100 - 105) is inserted and at least one line of a building management system through a free space of the connecting element (10) is guided from one side of the surface element to the other side, wherein in the case of a cross-shaped cross section of the carrier (100 - 105), the at least one line preferably in at least one portion in an area between adjacent cross arms at least one of the carrier (100 - 105) is guided.

Images