EP2757199B1 - Procédé et dispositif de givrage d'une masse de sol - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de givrage d'une masse de sol Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2757199B1
EP2757199B1 EP13001641.3A EP13001641A EP2757199B1 EP 2757199 B1 EP2757199 B1 EP 2757199B1 EP 13001641 A EP13001641 A EP 13001641A EP 2757199 B1 EP2757199 B1 EP 2757199B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
soil mass
cold
fluid system
medium
freezing
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP13001641.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2757199A1 (fr
Inventor
Rolf Heninger
Ralf Schmand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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Priority to PL13001641T priority Critical patent/PL2757199T3/pl
Publication of EP2757199A1 publication Critical patent/EP2757199A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/11—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means
    • E02D3/115—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means by freezing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for icing an earth mass and a device for carrying out the method.
  • liquid nitrogen can also be used to cool the soil mass.
  • the disadvantage of this is the relatively high cost of non-reusable after cooling liquid nitrogen.
  • a brine flows through so-called freezer pipes, which are positioned in the soil mass, and thus withdraws heat from the ground.
  • This requires a relatively high icing performance.
  • the water content of the soil mass must be sufficiently high and, especially at lower icing performance, have a relatively low groundwater velocity.
  • the groundwater velocity may usually be a maximum of 2 meters per day; when using liquid nitrogen as a coolant, the groundwater velocity may not exceed 11 meters per day.
  • liquid nitrogen as a refrigerant lies in particular in the much faster icing of the soil.
  • ground can also be frozen by means of liquid nitrogen, which has a relatively high groundwater velocity.
  • the disadvantage is that the liquid nitrogen evaporates and thus can not be used again in a circulatory system for cooling. This also applies to soil icing in which the liquid nitrogen is brought into direct contact with the surrounding soil by means of perforated lances.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a method and a device available by means of which the icing of soils of different composition can be realized in a simple and cost-effective manner and with little time.
  • a cooling medium is cooled, by means of the cooling medium, a refrigerant is cooled and the refrigerant through heat exchange with the soil mass of this heat extracts.
  • the heat exchange is preferably an indirect heat exchange, which is realized via a vessel wall.
  • the brine is used to absorb heat from the soil mass and thereby reduce the temperature of the soil mass, so that groundwater freezes in the soil mass.
  • ethanol, butane, isobutane or propane or a fluid which essentially comprises ethanol, butane, isobutane or propane can be used as the cooling medium.
  • the brine used is preferably a saline solution.
  • an aqueous salt solution such as calcium chloride, sodium chloride and magnesium chloride comes into question.
  • carbon dioxide or ethanol in liquid or gaseous form can also be used as the refrigerant here, or media which essentially comprise such fluids can be used.
  • Synthetic refrigerants are also possible which are liquid, in particular at temperatures ⁇ -80 ° C., and are harmless with regard to groundwater hazard.
  • mixtures of water and glycol can be used as a refrigerant.
  • the inventive method is designed such that the refrigerant is introduced into a vessel in the soil mass, wherein the cold transfer from the refrigerant through the vessel wall into the soil mass. This means that a heat transfer from the soil mass into the refrigerant takes place via the vessel wall.
  • the inventive method is carried out such that the cold medium is cooled by means of the liquid nitrogen until a sufficient state of icing of the soil mass has occurred, then the cooling of the refrigerant medium is reduced or terminated by means of the liquid nitrogen and the Refrigerant is cooled by means of a cooling unit.
  • the cooling of the refrigerant by means of the cooling unit is preferably carried out via a heat exchanger.
  • the cooling of the refrigeration medium is reduced by means of liquid nitrogen until the cooling medium is completely cooled by the liquid nitrogen.
  • liquid nitrogen is used to cool the refrigerant and with sufficient icing of the soil mass cooling by means of liquid nitrogen is reduced or even stopped, with a maintenance of the state of icing of the soil mass means Cooling of the refrigerant through the heat exchanger and the connected cooling unit is realized.
  • a sufficient icing state e.g. be assumed when the earth mass to be frozen has consistently reached a temperature of below about -5 ° C, but preferably -10 ° C or colder.
  • a device for icing a soil mass which comprises a primary fluid system for receiving a refrigerant and a means of a first heat exchanger connected to the primary fluid system secondary fluid system for receiving a refrigerant, wherein the refrigerant to Heat exchange is provided with the soil mass.
  • a second heat exchanger is arranged, with the cold of liquid nitrogen on the refrigerant in the primary fluid system is transferable.
  • the respective fluid system is preferably a circulation system, namely a system of vessels for holding fluids, in particular of flowing fluids.
  • cryogenic medium is already contained in the primary fluid system and / or that a coolant is already contained in the secondary fluid system.
  • the heat exchangers used for the transmission of cold serve of course to transfer heat from the warmer medium to the respective colder medium, whereby the warmer medium heat is withdrawn and, accordingly, cold is transferred from the colder medium to the warmer medium.
  • a container is connected to the primary fluid system via the second heat exchanger, is received in the liquid nitrogen or can be received.
  • This container can also be Be line system, which is optionally connected to a memory for receiving the liquid nitrogen.
  • the device according to the invention can be designed such that a cooling unit for cooling the coolant in the secondary fluid system is connected to the secondary fluid system via a third heat exchanger.
  • the refrigerant can be cooled in the secondary fluid system, when no longer the high cooling capacity of the liquid nitrogen and thus thermally coupled refrigerant in the primary fluid system is required, such as while maintaining a sufficient state of icing.
  • the liquid nitrogen first serves to cool a cooling medium and this cooling medium in turn serves to cool the coolant and preferably a fluid such as propane is used as the cooling medium, which only reaches a minimum temperature of minus 80 ° C., the danger becomes the freezing of the heat exchanger between the primary fluid system and the secondary fluid system drastically minimized.
  • the device according to the invention has suitable control and / or regulating devices.
  • the device according to the invention for freezing a soil mass comprises at least one vessel for introduction into the earth mass and the Flow through the brine.
  • the flow through the brine is carried out in such a way that the brine volume flow is passed back into the secondary circuit after at least partial flow through the vessel.
  • partial flow is meant in this context that the vessel is either timed flows through the refrigerant, only a partial flow flows through the vessel and / or the vessel is only partially traversed.
  • the vessel in the soil mass of the indirect heat transfer from the soil mass to the volume flow of the refrigerant is used.
  • Liquid medium in the primary fluid system is liquid ethanol, butane, isobutane or propane.
  • the refrigerant in the secondary fluid system is preferably an aqueous salt solution such as calcium chloride, sodium chloride or magnesium chloride.
  • carbon dioxide or ethanol in liquid or gaseous form may be present as a refrigerant in the secondary fluid system, as well as synthetic refrigerants and water-glycol mixtures,
  • the liquid nitrogen is usually stored in storage tanks at low pressure and temperatures around -190 ° C in the vicinity of the ground mass to be frozen. With the liquid nitrogen, the cold medium is cooled to temperatures not significantly below the melting point of the refrigerant used to minimize the risk of freezing of the refrigerant. If an aqueous salt solution is used as the refrigerant, which can usually still be conveyed to -40 ° C., the cooling medium is cooled to -60 ° C., for example. Synthetic brine can be used today to -85 ° C, according to the cooling medium can be cooled to below -100 ° C. Of course, limits are set for this, which result from the choice of the refrigeration medium.
  • the refrigerant is cooled directly via the liquid nitrogen. Accordingly, a method for freezing an earth mass is provided in which by means of liquid nitrogen directly a refrigerant is cooled and the refrigerant through heat exchange with the soil mass of this heat extracts.
  • the device according to the invention for freezing a soil mass comprises a primary fluid system (10) and a secondary fluid system (20) whose volume flows are thermally coupled by means of a first heat exchanger (30). That is, heat of a refrigerant (22) in the secondary fluid system (20) is transferable to a refrigerant medium (12) in the primary fluid system (10) via the first heat exchanger (30). As a result, cold is transferred from the cold medium (12) via the first heat exchanger (30) to the coolant (22).
  • the cooling medium (12) in the primary fluid system (10) is cooled by means of a second heat exchanger (40), which is acted upon by liquid nitrogen (61).
  • the liquid nitrogen (61) is preferably stored in a container (60), which is fluidically connected to the second heat exchanger (40).
  • the present invention is not limited to the arrangement of such a container (60) or memory, but it may instead be provided that the second heat exchanger (40) is connected to a supply line, the second heat exchanger (40) with liquid Nitrogen (61) supplied.
  • the second heat exchanger heat is transferred from the cold medium (12) to the liquid nitrogen (61), so that cold is transferred from the liquid nitrogen (61) to the cold medium (12).
  • a first pump (11) the refrigerant medium (12) in the primary fluid system (10) is kept in circulation, so that it can flow through the first heat exchanger (30).
  • the use of the cooling medium (12) in the primary fluid system (10) prevents the first heat exchanger (30) from being exposed to the extremely low cooling of the liquid nitrogen (61). This reduces the risk that the fluid in the first heat exchanger (30) or the refrigerant (22) in the secondary fluid system (20) solidifies.
  • a second pump (21) in the secondary fluid system (20) of the refrigerant (22) is kept in circulation.
  • the brine (22) is passed in a strand (23) of the secondary fluid system (20) into a vessel (50) which is inserted in the earth mass (100) to be frosted.
  • Heat is transferred from the soil mass (100) via a vessel wall (51) of the vessel (50) to the refrigerant (22) in the strand (23) of the secondary fluid system (20), thereby cooling the soil mass (100) such that that pore water in the earth mass (100) solidifies and the earth mass (100) ices up.
  • a simplified embodiment of the invention assumes that the coolant (22) is cooled directly via the liquid nitrogen (60).
  • the primary circuit (10) is dispensed with and the heat exchanger (40) is integrated directly into the secondary circuit (20).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de congélation d'une masse de sol (100), dans lequel on refroidit un fluide frigorigène (12) au moyen d'azote liquide (61), on refroidit un agent réfrigérant (22) au moyen du fluide frigorigène (12) et le fluide frigorigène (22) extrait de la chaleur de la masse de sol (100) par échange de chaleur avec celle-ci.
  2. Procédé de congélation d'une masse de sol selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme fluide frigorigène (12) de l'éthanol, du butane, de l'isobutane ou du propane.
  3. Procédé de congélation d'une masse de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme agent réfrigérant (22) une solution saline, un agent réfrigérant synthétique ou un mélange eau-glycol.
  4. Procédé de congélation d'une masse de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on introduit l'agent réfrigérant (22) dans une enceinte (51) dans la masse de sol (100), dans lequel le transfert de froid en provenance de l'agent réfrigérant (22) est effectué via la paroi (51) vers la masse de sol (100).
  5. Procédé de congélation d'une masse de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on refroidit le fluide frigorigène (12) au moyen de l'azote liquide (61) jusqu'à ce qu'un état de congélation suffisant de la masse de sol (100) soit instauré, puis on réduit ou on cesse le refroidissement du fluide frigorigène (12) au moyen de l'azote liquide (61) et on refroidit l'agent réfrigérant (22) au moyen d'un groupe réfrigérant (80).
  6. Dispositif de congélation d'une masse de sol, comprenant un système de fluide primaire (10) destiné à recevoir un fluide frigorigène (12) et un système de fluide secondaire (20) relié au système de fluide primaire (10) au moyen d'un premier échangeur de chaleur (30) et destiné à recevoir un agent réfrigérant (22), qui est prévu pour l'échange de chaleur avec la masse de sol (100), caractérisé en ce qu'un deuxième échangeur de chaleur (40) est disposé dans le système de fluide primaire (10), avec lequel le froid de l'azote liquide (61) peut être transféré au fluide frigorigène (12) dans le système de fluide primaire (10).
  7. Dispositif de congélation d'une masse de sol selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'un réservoir (60) est raccordé au deuxième échangeur de chaleur (40) dans le système de fluide primaire (10), dans lequel de l'azote liquide (61) est ou peut être contenu.
  8. Dispositif de congélation d'une masse de sol selon l'une des revendications 6 et 7, caractérisé en ce qu'un groupe réfrigérant (80) destiné au refroidissement de l'agent réfrigérant (22) dans le système de fluide secondaire (20) est raccordé au système de fluide secondaire (20) par un troisième échangeur de chaleur (70).
  9. Dispositif de congélation d'une masse de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que celui-ci présente au moins un récipient (50) à introduire dans la masse de sol (100) et à parcourir avec l'agent réfrigérant (22).
  10. Dispositif de congélation d'une masse de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il se trouve comme fluide frigorigène (12) dans le système de fluide primaire (10) du dioxyde de carbone liquide, de l'éthanol ou du propane.
  11. Dispositif de congélation d'une masse de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il se trouve une solution salin'e aqueuse comme agent réfrigérant (22) dans le système de fluide secondaire (20).
EP13001641.3A 2013-01-22 2013-03-28 Procédé et dispositif de givrage d'une masse de sol Active EP2757199B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL13001641T PL2757199T3 (pl) 2013-01-22 2013-03-28 Sposób i urządzenie do oblodzenia masy glebowej

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013001113.2A DE102013001113A1 (de) 2013-01-22 2013-01-22 Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Vereisung einer Erdbodenmasse

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EP2757199A1 EP2757199A1 (fr) 2014-07-23
EP2757199B1 true EP2757199B1 (fr) 2015-09-23

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DE (1) DE102013001113A1 (fr)
HU (1) HUE025589T2 (fr)
PL (1) PL2757199T3 (fr)

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CN105421334A (zh) * 2015-11-10 2016-03-23 上海市机械施工集团有限公司 一种土体冻结的施工方法
DE102016009008A1 (de) * 2016-07-26 2018-02-01 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Gefrieren von an einen Schacht angrenzendem Erdreich mittels eines verflüssigten Gases
DE102016012843A1 (de) * 2016-10-27 2018-05-03 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Kombi-Gefrierkopf für Stickstoff-Sole-Vereisung
CN109580703A (zh) * 2019-01-25 2019-04-05 石家庄铁道大学 土体冰点测量系统及土体冰点测量方法
CN110055996B (zh) * 2019-03-26 2020-10-02 同济大学 一种冻结法联合地源热泵的施工方法
CN115030131A (zh) * 2022-05-31 2022-09-09 同济大学 基于热管的人工地层冻结装置和方法

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DE1501466A1 (de) * 1965-11-29 1969-10-23 Thermo Dynamics Inc Kuehlvorrichtung,insbesondere zur Vereisung oder Aufrechterhaltung der Vereisung eines Baugrundes
DE3112291A1 (de) * 1981-03-27 1982-10-07 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden "vorrichtung zum bodengefrieren"
DE3833796A1 (de) * 1988-10-05 1990-04-12 Linde Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur sanierung kontaminierter boeden

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HUE025589T2 (en) 2016-05-30
EP2757199A1 (fr) 2014-07-23
DE102013001113A1 (de) 2014-07-24
PL2757199T3 (pl) 2016-02-29

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