EP3063335B1 - Procédé de production d'une masse de glace continue en cas de congélation de sol - Google Patents

Procédé de production d'une masse de glace continue en cas de congélation de sol Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3063335B1
EP3063335B1 EP14789993.4A EP14789993A EP3063335B1 EP 3063335 B1 EP3063335 B1 EP 3063335B1 EP 14789993 A EP14789993 A EP 14789993A EP 3063335 B1 EP3063335 B1 EP 3063335B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling
lances
ice body
heat transport
cooling lances
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP14789993.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3063335A1 (fr
Inventor
Rolf Heninger
Ralf Schmand
Rebecca WALLUS
Martin Ziegler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP3063335A1 publication Critical patent/EP3063335A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3063335B1 publication Critical patent/EP3063335B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/11—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means
    • E02D3/115—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means by freezing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
    • E02D19/06—Restraining of underground water
    • E02D19/12—Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water
    • E02D19/14—Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water by freezing the soil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a coherent ice body in a ground area.
  • brine cooling is an established and safe variant of bottom freezing and subsoil safety that is superior to other methods such as e.g. concrete injection is quite competitive.
  • a continuous monolithic ice body also referred to as a frost body
  • the ice body growing around the cooling lances narrows the flow cross sections for the groundwater or fluid.
  • the flow velocity and the heat flux increase at the edge of the ice body.
  • a stationary state in which the ice body stops growing may occur before a closed body of ice has formed.
  • the DE-A1-1501466 describes a device for cooling or freezing a substrate with an elongated container which is introduced into the substrate to be cooled and in which a top and bottom open tube is arranged, via which a heat exchange fluid can be supplied.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing a method which makes it possible to produce a coherent ice body.
  • the ice body is thus produced by cooling the ground area, wherein the brine flowing through the cooling lances cools the ground area by indirect heat exchange such that said ice body is formed by corresponding frosting of the ground area, ie water present in the ground area is frozen and forms together with the frozen solids of the soil area the ice body.
  • a coherent ice body is formed, which surrounds the first and second cooling lances used or involved in the cooling process.
  • Connected here means path-connected, i.e., every two points of this ice body can be connected by a path which lies completely within the ice body and does not lead through a non-ice-covered area of the earth area.
  • a possible embodiment of the cooling lances is shown below.
  • the first brine is a brine, in particular a calcium chloride solution, which may have temperatures in the range of -30 ° C to -45 ° C.
  • the maximum salt content in a calcium chloride solution is 30%.
  • the second refrigerant is liquid nitrogen, which preferably has a temperature of -196 ° C (namely at the transition to the gaseous phase under normal conditions).
  • first and second refrigerants can be used, which have approximately the aforementioned temperatures.
  • the introduction of the first refrigerant into the first cooling lances and the introduction of the second refrigerant in the second cooling lances simultaneously.
  • the invention advantageously offers greater process reliability, since the continuous icing can be achieved even at comparatively high flow velocities of up to 6 m / day. This is a decisive advantage, especially in the case of unclear groundwater velocity conditions.
  • the pre-cooling assisted by the second coolant significantly shortens the freezing phase.
  • the additional costs for the additional cooling by means of the second refrigerant (in particular nitrogen) can be compensated or even overcompensated by the savings due to the shorter freezing phase.
  • the considered soil for the unfrozen fall can be modeled as a three-phase model consisting of solid, water or fluid and air. Since full referencing can be assumed for referral measures, a two-phase model for the unfrozen soil consists of solid and water or fluid. In the course of the freezing process or the formation of the ice body, the water phase is reduced with simultaneous increase of the ice phase. Experience shows that even at about -2 ° C for soil solids such as fine sand, coarse sand or gravel no significant proportion of unfrozen water is more, which is particularly given at the here preferably used temperatures of the brine (see above).
  • a plurality of second cooling lances are introduced on the flow-facing side of the first cooling lances in the ground area and the second refrigerant in the second Cooling lances is initiated. That is, the additional second cooling lances are positioned on the windward side of the planned contiguous ice body in front of the first cooling lances.
  • the first cooling lances in particular for forming an ice body in the form of a construction pit wall, are introduced into the earth area in an extension plane next to one another, in particular parallel to one another.
  • the first cooling lances in particular for forming a frost body in the form of a hollow cylinder or a tunnel tube, along a circumferential imaginary surface (eg in the form of a cylinder jacket, in particular circular cylinder jacket) side by side, in particular parallel to each other, in the soil area are introduced.
  • Simulation calculations show that in areas in which nozzle effects will increasingly occur, preferably a second cooling lance is recommended per first cooling lance. This is especially in the middle of a flat frost body, e.g. in the form of a construction pit wall, or a cylindrical, in particular circular cylindrical, ice body, e.g. in the form of a tunnel tube, useful.
  • the at least one second cooling lance or the plurality of second cooling lances is introduced into the ground area in front of an assigned first cooling lance in a flow direction of the flow, wherein in particular the respective second cooling lance runs parallel to the associated first cooling lance.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a system according to the invention or a method according to the invention for producing a continuous ice or frost body 100, 200, as he eg in the Figures 3 and 5 is shown.
  • first cooling lances 10 introduced into the soil region 1 (these can be introduced vertically and horizontally into the soil region 1), into which a first cold carrier T in the form of a brine.
  • Solution eg CaCl 2
  • second cooling lance 20 in which a second refrigerant T 'is introduced in the form of liquid nitrogen.
  • the first and the second refrigerant T, T ' are simultaneously introduced into the corresponding associated cooling lances 10, 20.
  • the flow of the second refrigerant T '(eg liquid nitrogen) can be throttled or completely stopped.
  • the first coolant T is introduced into inner tubes 11 of the first cooling lances 10, which are each arranged coaxially in an associated outer tube 13.
  • the first refrigerant T flows through the respective inner tube 11 up to an opening 12 of the respective inner tube 11, which faces an end wall 14 of the respective outer tube 13, exits from the respective opening 12 and flows back into the outer tube 13 surrounding the respective inner tube 11 ,
  • the first coolant T cools by indirect heat transfer from the surrounding soil area 1 and is then, after leaving the respective outer tube 13 in a cooling carrier circuit 30, in which the heated first refrigerant T is pumped by a pump 31 through a heat exchanger 32.
  • the first coolant T is cooled against a coolant K (for example, ammonia or CO 2 ) circulating in a coolant circuit 33 and is reintroduced into the inner tubes 11 of the first cooling lances 10.
  • a coolant K for example, ammonia or CO 2
  • the gaseous coolant K is heated, is compressed in a compressor 34 and then cooled in a condenser 36, which is heat-coupled with a cooling water circuit 37, relaxed and liquefied via a throttle 35.
  • the thus liquid coolant K flows again into the heat exchanger 32 or evaporator 32 and cools down there the first refrigerant T, where it is evaporated.
  • the second cooling lances 20 are preferably formed like the first cooling lances 10, here now as a second refrigerant T 'liquid nitrogen from a liquid nitrogen tank 40 is introduced into the respective inner tube 21, from the respective opening 22 which is opposite the end face 24 of the respective outer tube 23 , exits and flows back in the respective outer tube 23.
  • the second refrigerant T ' is evaporated while cooling the ground area 1, wherein the gaseous phase from the outer tubes 23 of the second cooling lances 20 exits and then, for example. is discarded.
  • the second cooling lances 20, here in particular three second cooling lances 20, are arranged centrally in the flow direction S in front of the first cooling lances 10, ie on the flow-facing side 2 of the planned ice body 100, specifically at a distance of approximately 1 m the first cooling lances 10 spanned plane.
  • the distance between the first cooling lances 10 to each other is preferably 0.8m.
  • the distance between the second cooling lances 20 to each other is preferably 0.8m to 1m.
  • a plurality of non-contiguous smaller central ice bodies 203 on the windward side 2 and / or leeward side 3 as well as two flanking larger ice bodies 201, 202 result as a possible non-contiguous configuration.
  • a coherent ice body 200 can also be generated, namely with additional cooling according to the invention by introducing a second coolant T 'into second cooling lances 20 (see above), here by way of example 5 second Cooling lances 20, which are in turn arranged in the flow direction S of the groundwater in front of an associated first cooling lance 10, and in particular at a distance of preferably 1m to 2m to the clamped by the first cooling lances 10 cylinder jacket surface and the respective opposite first cooling lance 10.
  • Der Distance of the first cooling lances 10 to each other is preferably in turn 0.8m to 1.2m, for example, 1m.
  • the distance between the second cooling lances 20 to each other is preferably 0.8m to 1.5m.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé pour générer un corps glacé (100, 200) cohérent dans une zone de sol (1), des premières lances de refroidissement (10) étant introduites dans la zone de sol (1) dans laquelle doit être produit le corps glacé (100, 200) cohérent en présence d'un écoulement (S) d'un fluide liquide qui s'écoule à travers la zone de sol (1), notamment sous la forme d'eau souterraine, un premier agent frigorigène (T) étant injecté dans les premières lances de refroidissement (10), caractérisé qu'au moins une deuxième lance de refroidissement (20) est introduite dans la zone de sol (1) sur un côté (2) faisant face à l'écoulement des premières lances de refroidissement (10) et un deuxième agent frigorigène (T'), qui présente une température qui est inférieure à la température du premier agent frigorigène (T), est injecté dans l'au moins une deuxième lance de refroidissement (20) afin d'assister à la formation d'un corps glacé (100, 200) cohérent qui entoure toutes les lances de refroidissement (10, 20).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs deuxièmes lances de refroidissement (20) sont introduites dans la zone de sol (1) sur le côté (2) faisant face à l'écoulement des premières lances de refroidissement (10) et le deuxième agent frigorigène (T') est injecté dans les deuxièmes lances de refroidissement (20).
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le premier agent frigorigène (T) et le deuxième agent frigorigène (T') sont injectés simultanément dans les lances de refroidissement (10, 20) respectives.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'après la génération du corps glacé (100, 200) cohérent, l'injection du deuxième agent frigorigène (T') dans l'au moins une deuxième lance de refroidissement (20) ou les plusieurs deuxièmes lances de refroidissement (20) est arrêtée ou ralentie.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le premier agent frigorigène (T) est une saumure, notamment une solution de chlorure de calcium.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième agent frigorigène (T') est de l'azote liquide.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les premières lances de refroidissement (10), notamment en vue de former le corps glacé (100) sous la forme d'une paroi de fouille de fondation, sont introduites dans la zone de sol (1) les unes à côté des autres le long d'un plan d'extension, notamment parallèlement les unes aux autres.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les premières lances de refroidissement (10), notamment en vue de former le corps glacé (200) sous la forme d'un tube de tunnel, sont introduites dans la zone de sol (1) les unes à côté des autres le long d'une surface circonférentielle, notamment parallèlement les unes aux autres.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins une deuxième lance de refroidissement (20) ou les plusieurs deuxièmes lances de refroidissement (20) sont respectivement introduites dans la zone de sol (1) devant une première lance de refroidissement (10) associée dans un sens d'écoulement (S) de l'écoulement (S), la deuxième lance de refroidissement (20) correspondante s'étendant notamment parallèlement à la première lance de refroidissement (10) associée.
EP14789993.4A 2013-10-30 2014-10-16 Procédé de production d'une masse de glace continue en cas de congélation de sol Not-in-force EP3063335B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201310018210 DE102013018210A1 (de) 2013-10-30 2013-10-30 Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines zusammenhängenden Eiskörpers bei einer Bodenvereisung
PCT/EP2014/002800 WO2015062705A1 (fr) 2013-10-30 2014-10-16 Procédé de production d'une masse de glace continue en cas de congélation de sol

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3063335A1 EP3063335A1 (fr) 2016-09-07
EP3063335B1 true EP3063335B1 (fr) 2018-01-17

Family

ID=51830261

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14789993.4A Not-in-force EP3063335B1 (fr) 2013-10-30 2014-10-16 Procédé de production d'une masse de glace continue en cas de congélation de sol

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US9708787B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3063335B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20160079076A (fr)
CN (1) CN105980634B (fr)
AU (1) AU2014344215A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102013018210A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015062705A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6563343B2 (ja) * 2016-01-19 2019-08-21 東京電力ホールディングス株式会社 凍土方式遮水壁の造成方法
JP6699928B2 (ja) * 2016-03-16 2020-05-27 ケミカルグラウト株式会社 凍結工法
DE102016009008A1 (de) * 2016-07-26 2018-02-01 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Gefrieren von an einen Schacht angrenzendem Erdreich mittels eines verflüssigten Gases
DE102016012843A1 (de) 2016-10-27 2018-05-03 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Kombi-Gefrierkopf für Stickstoff-Sole-Vereisung
PL3441529T3 (pl) * 2017-08-10 2021-04-06 Linde Gmbh Urządzenie i sposób zamrażania gruntu
CN108104820B (zh) * 2017-11-28 2019-08-13 安徽理工大学 一种大流速地下水作用下冻结法凿井冻结孔布置方法
DE102018002821A1 (de) * 2018-04-06 2020-03-12 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Reduzierung der Schallemissionen auf Bodengefrierbaustellen
CN113216982B (zh) * 2021-05-25 2022-06-17 中铁一局集团有限公司 隧道冻结智能端头及其应用方法、系统、设备、介质

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US3220470A (en) * 1962-10-08 1965-11-30 Joseph C Balch Soil refrigerating system
GB959945A (en) * 1963-04-18 1964-06-03 Conch Int Methane Ltd Constructing a frozen wall within the ground
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BR0213513B8 (pt) * 2001-10-24 2013-02-19 mÉtodo para remediaÇço de contaminaÇço de solo, e, sistema para remediaÇço de solo.
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN105980634B (zh) 2018-01-16
EP3063335A1 (fr) 2016-09-07
KR20160079076A (ko) 2016-07-05
US9708787B2 (en) 2017-07-18
AU2014344215A1 (en) 2016-05-05
DE102013018210A1 (de) 2015-04-30
WO2015062705A1 (fr) 2015-05-07
CN105980634A (zh) 2016-09-28
US20160265181A1 (en) 2016-09-15

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