EP2746479B2 - Heat insulation plate for a compound heat insulation system, compound heat insulation system - Google Patents
Heat insulation plate for a compound heat insulation system, compound heat insulation system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2746479B2 EP2746479B2 EP12198218.5A EP12198218A EP2746479B2 EP 2746479 B2 EP2746479 B2 EP 2746479B2 EP 12198218 A EP12198218 A EP 12198218A EP 2746479 B2 EP2746479 B2 EP 2746479B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- thermal insulating
- thermal insulation
- insulating panel
- thermal
- insulation system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims description 114
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims 5
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical group N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011495 polyisocyanurate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000582 polyisocyanurate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011494 foam glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000273256 Phragmites communis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 92
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012720 thermal barrier coating Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002984 plastic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
- E04B1/7641—Elements for window or door openings, or for corners of the building
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
- E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
Definitions
- the invention relates to a thermal insulation panel for a thermal insulation system, in particular a composite thermal insulation system, with the features of the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a thermal insulation system, in particular a thermal insulation composite system, with at least one such thermal insulation board.
- a composite thermal insulation system comprises a single or multi-layer heat insulating layer formed from several thermal insulation panels and a cleaning system that is applied as an outer cover layer on the thermal barrier coating.
- rigid foam boards in particular polystyrene rigid foam boards, are used as thermal insulation boards. Because these have good thermal insulation properties and at the same time form an optimal plaster base. In addition, they are relatively inexpensive.
- a façade Vollraceimeschutz composite system out which includes an effective as a fire barrier, insulation board made of polystyrene foam.
- the insulation board made of polystyrene foam has for this purpose a full thickness of the insulation board formed, embedded or attached strips of a non-melting in the heat, preferably non-flammable or flame-retardant insulation.
- This insulating material may be, for example, a mineral fiber or glass fiber insulating material. If a single- or multi-layered plaster layer is subsequently applied, however, the use of such insulating materials within an insulating layer consisting of polystyrene rigid foam can lead to undesired color deviations or markings on the facade.
- insulation elements made of rigid plastic foam which include at least in the region of a side surface or a surface another insulation material that is not flammable.
- a thermal insulation board made of a foamed insulation material with an insert, which consists of a non-combustible material and is completely enclosed on at least three sides of the foamed insulating material.
- the insert is to serve the collection of molten insulating material, which is located above the deposit.
- the EP 2 426 284 A1 also discloses a fire protection device for a building, which is a fire protection element or includes such that foams in case of fire to reduce or avoid a cross-storey and / or space-spanning arcing.
- the fire protection element can be attached to an insulating element for this purpose.
- the present invention seeks to provide a thermal insulation board for a thermal insulation system, in particular a composite thermal insulation system, which prevents fire propagation in the event of fire - both during construction and after completion of the thermal insulation system or thermal insulation system at least much more difficult.
- the thermal insulation board should also be simple and inexpensive to produce.
- thermal insulation board with the features of claim 1 is proposed.
- Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
- a thermal insulation system is proposed with such a thermal insulation board according to the invention.
- the proposed thermal insulation panel for a thermal insulation system in particular a composite thermal insulation system, has two side surfaces connected to parallel surfaces, which form a connectable to a site-side back and a front side of the thermal insulation board.
- the thermal insulation panel comprises a first thermal insulation material and in the region of at least one side surface and a surface, at least one further thermal insulation material which is not flammable or at least flame-retardant.
- the proposed thermal insulation board comprises two further thermal insulation materials which are non-flammable or at least flame-retardant and differ from each other and from the first thermal insulation material with respect to their fire behavior, the two further thermal insulation materials being designed and arranged such that one formed from the first thermal insulation material Edge region L- or U-shaped is bordered by the other thermal insulation materials.
- At least one further thermal insulation material - if arranged in the region of a side surface and a surface - is guided over an edge region of the thermal insulation panel, namely where the side surface and the surface meet.
- at least one further thermal insulation material preferably L-shaped or U-shaped, surrounds at least one edge region of the thermal insulation panel.
- another thermal insulation material may also be arranged only in the region of a side surface, while in the region of a surface, a third thermal insulation material is used.
- the two further thermal insulation materials are preferably arranged such that they are pushed in the edge region of the thermal insulation board, so that the edge region is in turn enclosed by the two further thermal insulation materials.
- the two further thermal insulation materials in the edge region of the thermal insulation board are stumped, wherein a thermal insulation material is led beyond the edge region and flush with the respective other thermal insulation material in the plane of the respective side surface or surface.
- thermal insulation material which is not flammable or at least flame-retardant, extends over the entire side surface of the thermal insulation panel
- an adjoining surface can only partially be formed by a non-combustible or at least low-inflammable thermal insulation material. This means that it is not necessary for the non-flammable or flame-retardant thermal insulation material to extend over the entire surface of the thermal insulation panel.
- the surface is formed from a non-flammable or at least flame-retardant thermal insulation material, it is immediately adjacent to the non-flammable or at least flame-retardant thermal insulation material of the side surface, so that at least one edge region of the heat insulation board L- or U-shaped of at least a non-flammable or at least flame-retardant thermal insulation material is bordered.
- the thermal insulation panel is preferably installed in a thermal insulation system in such a way that the side surface formed from a non-combustible or at least low-inflammable thermal insulation material comes to lie directly adjacent to a facade opening. This means that the side surface is exposed to direct flames in case of fire and flames striking out of the façade opening.
- the surface which forms the front side of the thermal insulation panel preferably also has, adjacent to the side surface, a thermal insulation material which is at least flame-retardant. In this way, it is ensured that the flames striking out of the facade opening do not overlap and lead to the ignition of the thermal insulation material of the thermal insulation panel, which is arranged outside the area of the side surface or surface. Because this may be a thermal insulation material, such as polystyrene foam, act, which is able to set little resistance to the flames or the resulting heat in the event of fire.
- the bordered by at least one non-flammable or at least flame-retardant thermal insulation edge region of the thermal insulation board according to the invention thus forms a fire barrier, which makes it possible to use the thermal insulation panel as a fire bar in a facade.
- the fire bar unfolds its effect not only after completion of the facade, but before, if the thermal barrier coating already attached to the ground, but for example not yet plastered. Because the L- or U-shaped edge edging of at least one non-flammable or at least flame-retardant thermal insulation material prevents flashover of the fire on the overlying thermal barrier coating.
- a conventional fire bar as required by the building code, can not guarantee effective protection against arcing during this construction phase.
- the L-or U-shaped enclosure of the thermal insulation board with at least one further thermal insulation material, which is at least flame retardant, also has the advantage that - should still be melting of the overlying thermal insulation material can not be prevented - the melt is collected. A dripping of the melt is thus prevented and at the same time reduces the risk of fire expansion.
- the further thermal insulation material used in the region of a side surface of the thermal insulation panel extends over the entire side surface.
- the further thermal insulation material furthermore preferably has a layer thickness d 1 of 4-38 cm, preferably 4-25 cm, furthermore preferably 6-20 cm.
- the specific layer thickness depends, among other things, on the thermal insulation material used and its fire behavior.
- the thermal insulation material used in the region of a surface of the thermal insulation panel preferably extends at least over a partial area of the surface. It is also proposed that it has a layer thickness d 2 of 1-10 cm, preferably 2-5 cm. If only a portion of the surface of a non-combustible or at least flame-retardant thermal insulation material is formed, this is flush with the surface of the thermal insulation board inserted in this. The surface is therefore preferably designed flat.
- the first thermal insulation material of the thermal insulation board is an organic foam, in particular based on polystyrene, polyurethane, polyisocyanurate or phenolic resin, or an organic fiber material, in particular based on wood fibers, wood wool or fibers of cellulose, hemp, flax, grass, reeds or straw.
- the first thermal insulation material is therefore preferably such that in the case of fire the flame and / or the heat poses little resistance, but at the same time simple and inexpensive to manufacture and / or the formation of a thermal insulation system, in particular a composite thermal insulation system allows .
- the first thermal insulation material preferably also forms the material of the thermal barrier coating of the thermal insulation system or the thermal insulation composite system. In this way, a substantially homogeneous substrate for receiving a final single or multi-layer plaster layer is formed.
- the further thermal insulation material used in the region of a side surface of the thermal insulation panel is an organic foam, in particular based on phenol resin, polyurethane or polyisocyanate, a mineral foam, in particular based on foam glass, a mineral fiber material, in particular based on mineral wool, rock wool or glass wool , or an airgel-containing thermal insulation material.
- organic foam in particular based on phenol resin, polyurethane or polyisocyanate
- a mineral foam in particular based on foam glass
- a mineral fiber material in particular based on mineral wool, rock wool or glass wool
- an airgel-containing thermal insulation material are not flammable or at least flame retardant and therefore particularly suitable for the formation of a fire barrier.
- the thermal insulation material used in the region of a surface of the thermal insulation panel is preferably an organic foam, in particular based on phenol resin, polyurethane or polyisocyanate, a mineral foam, in particular based on foam glass, a mineral fiber material, in particular based on mineral wool, rock wool or glass wool, or an airgel-containing thermal insulation material.
- the further thermal insulation material used in the region of a surface can therefore be equal to the thermal insulation material used in the region of a side surface. It is therefore also not flammable or at least flame retardant. Since the fire barrier is primarily formed by the thermal insulation material used in the region of a side surface of the thermal insulation panel, lower requirements with regard to fire behavior can be imposed on the thermal insulation material used in the area of the surface. However, the thermal insulation material should be at least flame retardant.
- the further thermal insulation materials for forming at least one side surface and / or a surface of the thermal insulation panel are preferably selected such that they do not melt in case of fire. Because only the dimensional stability of the other thermal insulation materials ensures the formation of an L-shaped or U-shaped trough to catch the melt of the first thermal insulation material in case of fire, if this heat development should not withstand.
- the tub can also be formed by more than one further thermal insulation material.
- a first and in the region of a surface adjoining thereto at least one further thermal insulation material is used, preferably at least two of the thermal insulation materials of the thermal insulation panel are connected by means of a non-combustible adhesive.
- the adhesive closes a joint region of the two further thermal insulation materials and / or connects at least one further thermal insulation material to the first thermal insulation material of the thermal insulation board.
- this is preferably completely filled with a non-combustible adhesive. The butt joint thus forms no weak point of the system.
- the side surface and / or at least a portion of the surface has a coating, preferably flame retardants, especially aluminum hydroxide, expandable graphite and / or other flame retardants, such as other metal hydroxides, alkali metal silicates and hydrates of metal salts or oxides.
- flame retardants especially aluminum hydroxide, expandable graphite and / or other flame retardants, such as other metal hydroxides, alkali metal silicates and hydrates of metal salts or oxides.
- the closing of the cavities of, for example, fibrous thermal insulation material prevents the penetration of a melt disposed above the fire barrier thermal insulation material and thus counteracts an increased burning of the melt, which on the "wick effect" of the melt-wetted fibers of the non-combustible to me or at least difficult flammable thermal insulation material.
- thermal insulation system in particular thermal insulation composite system, comprising at least one inventive thermal insulation board for forming a fire barrier and / or a fire bar proposed in a thermal barrier coating.
- inventive thermal insulation board for forming a fire barrier and / or a fire bar proposed in a thermal barrier coating.
- the thermal insulation board by means of a Adhesive and / or a dowel attached to the on-site substrate.
- the adhesive is preferably a non-flammable adhesive to ensure adhesion of the thermal insulation board to the substrate in case of fire.
- the thermal insulation board can be pegged to the ground.
- a plurality of thermal insulation panels in the same orientation adjacent to each other on the building site attached In the same orientation means that the provided with a non-combustible or at least flame-retardant thermal insulation side surfaces and / or surfaces of the thermal insulation panels are each arranged in a plane.
- a single-layer or multi-layered plaster layer is preferably applied to form a thermal insulation composite system on at least one side surface and / or surface of the thermal insulation panel.
- the single- or multi-layer plaster layer forms an additional protective layer that effectively prevents a fire flashover while bypassing the fire barrier or the fire bar.
- a flashover or melting of the formed above the fire barrier or the fire barrier thermal barrier effectively prevented by the heat insulation board according to the invention or at least significantly delayed. This already ensures a certain level of fire protection during the construction phase.
- thermal insulation system comprises a thermal insulation board 1 according to the invention, which is composed of three different thermal insulation materials 1.1, 1.2, 1.3.
- the first thermal insulation material 1.1 is extruded polystyrene rigid foam, which serves as a base material.
- An adjacent to the window 7 and thus a fall forming side surface 2 of the thermal insulation board 1 consists of a further thermal insulation material 1.2.
- This is a mineral wool lamella, which is glued to the first thermal insulation material 1.1 of the thermal insulation board 1.
- the mineral wool lamella forms a fire barrier, which is supposed to prevent the flames 8 blowing out of the window 7 from melting behind the polystyrene rigid foam lying behind it and possibly burning away.
- the mineral wool lamella is therefore glued here with a non-flammable adhesive 9 with the polystyrene foam.
- the adhesive 13 by means of which the thermal insulation board 1 is attached to an on-site substrate 4, is not flammable in the present case.
- the thermal insulation panel 1 according to the invention arranged above the window 7 also has two surfaces 3 which form a rear side 5 and a front side 6.
- the back side 5 is formed from the first thermal insulation material 1.1, ie the polystyrene rigid foam.
- the thermal insulation board 1 is attached to the on-site substrate 4 with the aid of the adhesive 13.
- the serving as the front 6 surface 3 is formed of a further thermal insulation material 1.3, which is in the present case is phenolic resin, which is very resistant to flame and heat.
- the thermal insulation material 1.3 extends over the entire area over the first thermal insulation material 1.1 and the second thermal insulation material 1.2 or flush with the thermal insulation material 1.2, so that a flat, the window 7 limiting fall is formed.
- the thermal insulation panel 1 accordingly encompass the front edge region of the thermal insulation panel 1 and enclose the polystyrene hard foam, so that even beyond the lintel area beyond striking flames 8 can not melt the polystyrene foam.
- the layer thickness d 1 of the thermal insulation material used in the side face 2 of 1.2 is present 15 cm and 1 outstanding amount present is 50 cm, the layer thickness d h of the employed in the field of surface 3 of thermal insulation material 1.3.
- the thermal insulation material 1.3 has a layer thickness d 2 of 5 cm.
- the L-shaped enclosure of the thermal insulation panel 1 not only ensures the formation of an effective fire barrier, but also the formation of a tub which is able to absorb any heat insulation material melting above the thermal insulation panel 1, possibly due to heat development. Furthermore, the exposed surface of the thermal barrier coating 11 may be exposed to direct flames in the event of fire, since the thermal insulation system does not yet have a final covering and / or plaster layer that still has to be applied or applied. Thus, an effective fire protection is guaranteed even before completion of the thermal insulation system or thermal insulation composite system according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 An alternative embodiment of a thermal insulation system according to the invention is the Fig. 2 refer to.
- the thermal insulation system of Fig. 1 shows that the Fig. 2 an outer multilayer plaster layer 12, which forms an additional protection against arcing.
- the thermal insulation material 1.2 used in the region of the side surface 2 is brought up to the front surface 3 of the thermal insulation board 1 and the heat insulation material 1.3 used in the area of the surface 3 is stumped. Since the window 7 is not flush mounted, but slightly set back, the lintel area is additionally covered with an insulating strip 15 from the thermal insulation material 1.2 in the region of the return.
- the thermal insulation material 1.2 thus extends over the entire lintel area as far as the window 7.
- the thermal insulation board 1 in addition to the adhesive 13 by means of a dowel 14 attached to the substrate 4.
- the dowel 14 receives the stiffness of the L-shaped formed from the thermal insulation materials 1.2 and 1.3 tub if the underlying thermal insulation material should melt 1.1 in case of fire.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Wärmedämmplatte für ein Wärmedämmsystem, insbesondere ein Wärmedämmverbundsystem, mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Wärmedämmsystem, insbesondere ein Wärmedämmverbundsystem, mit wenigstens einer solchen Wärmedämmplatte.The invention relates to a thermal insulation panel for a thermal insulation system, in particular a composite thermal insulation system, with the features of the preamble of
Ein Wärmedämmverbundsystem umfasst eine ein- oder mehrlagig aus mehreren Wärmedämmplatten gebildete Wärmedämmschicht sowie ein Putzsystem, das als außenliegende Deckschicht auf die Wärmedämmschicht aufgebracht wird. In der Regel finden dabei Hartschaumplatten, insbesondere Polystyrol-Hartschaumplatten, als Wärmedämmplatten Einsatz. Denn diese weisen gute Wärmedämmeigenschaften auf und bilden zugleich einen optimalen Putzuntergrund aus. Darüber hinaus sind sie relativ kostengünstig.A composite thermal insulation system comprises a single or multi-layer heat insulating layer formed from several thermal insulation panels and a cleaning system that is applied as an outer cover layer on the thermal barrier coating. As a rule, rigid foam boards, in particular polystyrene rigid foam boards, are used as thermal insulation boards. Because these have good thermal insulation properties and at the same time form an optimal plaster base. In addition, they are relatively inexpensive.
Als nachteilig erweist sich jedoch das Brandverhalten derartiger Wärmedämmstoffe, welche gemäß DIN 4102-1 regelmäßig der Baustoffklasse B (brennbare Baustoffe, normal bis schwer entflammbar) zuzuordnen sind. Die baurechtlichen Anforderungen an den Brandschutz sehen daher die Ausbildung eines horizontal verlaufenden Brandriegels im Sturz- und/oder Brüstungsbereich einer Fassadenöffnung bzw. als umlaufendes Fassadenband aus einem nicht brennbaren Material vor.However, the fire behavior of such thermal insulation materials, which according to DIN 4102-1 regularly classify the building material class B (combustible materials, normal to flame retardant) turns out to be disadvantageous. The building regulations requirements for fire protection therefore provide for the formation of a horizontally extending fire bar in the lintel and / or parapet area of a façade opening or as a circumferential façade strip of a non-flammable material.
Bereits aus der Gebrauchsmusterschrift
Aus den Druckschriften
Aus der
Die
Ausgehend von dem vorstehend genannten Stand der Technik liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Wärmedämmplatte für ein Wärmedämmsystem, insbesondere ein Wärmedämmverbundsystem, anzugeben, die im Brandfall - sowohl während der Bauzeit als auch nach Fertigstellung des Wärmedämmsystems bzw. Wärmedämmverbundsystems - eine Brandausbreitung unterbindet oder zumindest deutlich erschwert. Die Wärmedämmplatte soll zudem einfach aufgebaut und kostengünstig herstellbar sein.Based on the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention seeks to provide a thermal insulation board for a thermal insulation system, in particular a composite thermal insulation system, which prevents fire propagation in the event of fire - both during construction and after completion of the thermal insulation system or thermal insulation system at least much more difficult. The thermal insulation board should also be simple and inexpensive to produce.
Zur Lösung der Aufgabe wird eine Wärmedämmplatte mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 vorgeschlagen. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. Ferner wird ein Wärmedämmsystem mit einer solchen erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmplatte vorgeschlagen.To solve the problem, a thermal insulation board with the features of
Die vorgeschlagene Wärmedämmplatte für ein Wärmedämmsystem, insbesondere ein Wärmedämmverbundsystem, weist zwei über Seitenflächen verbundene, parallele Oberflächen auf, die eine mit einem bauseitigen Untergrund verbindbare Rückseite und eine Vorderseite der Wärmedämmplatte ausbilden. Dabei umfasst die Wärmedämmplatte ein erstes Wärmedämmmaterial und im Bereich wenigstens einer Seitenfläche und einer Oberfläche wenigstens ein weiteres Wärmedämmmaterial, das nicht brennbar oder zumindest schwer entflammbar ist.The proposed thermal insulation panel for a thermal insulation system, in particular a composite thermal insulation system, has two side surfaces connected to parallel surfaces, which form a connectable to a site-side back and a front side of the thermal insulation board. In this case, the thermal insulation panel comprises a first thermal insulation material and in the region of at least one side surface and a surface, at least one further thermal insulation material which is not flammable or at least flame-retardant.
Erfindungsgemäß umfasst die vorgeschlagene Wärmedämmplatte zwei weitere Wärmedämmmaterialien, die nicht brennbar oder zumindest schwer entflammbar sind, und sich im Hinblick auf ihr Brandverhalten voneinander und vom ersten Wärmedämmmaterial unterscheiden, wobei die zwei weiteren Wärmedämmmaterialien derart ausgebildet und angeordnet sind, dass ein aus dem ersten Wärmedämmmaterial ausgebildeter Kantenbereich L- oder U-förmig von den weiteren Wärmedämmmaterialien eingefasst wird.According to the invention, the proposed thermal insulation board comprises two further thermal insulation materials which are non-flammable or at least flame-retardant and differ from each other and from the first thermal insulation material with respect to their fire behavior, the two further thermal insulation materials being designed and arranged such that one formed from the first thermal insulation material Edge region L- or U-shaped is bordered by the other thermal insulation materials.
Vorzugsweise ist wenigstens ein weiteres Wärmedämmmaterial - sofern im Bereich einer Seitenfläche und einer Oberfläche angeordnet - über einen Kantenbereich der Wärmedämmplatte geführt, nämlich dort, wo sich die Seitenfläche und die Oberfläche treffen. Das heißt, dass wenigstens ein weiteres Wärmedämmmaterial vorzugsweise L- oder U-förmig wenigstens einen Kantenbereich der Wärmedämmplatte umgibt.Preferably, at least one further thermal insulation material - if arranged in the region of a side surface and a surface - is guided over an edge region of the thermal insulation panel, namely where the side surface and the surface meet. This means that at least one further thermal insulation material, preferably L-shaped or U-shaped, surrounds at least one edge region of the thermal insulation panel.
Alternativ kann ein weiteres Wärmedämmmaterial auch lediglich im Bereich einer Seitenfläche angeordnet sein, während im Bereich einer Oberfläche ein drittes Wärmedämmmaterial zum Einsatz gelangt. Dabei sind die beiden weiteren Wärmedämmmaterialien vorzugsweise derart angeordnet, dass sie im Kantenbereich der Wärmedämmplatte gestoßen sind, so dass der Kantenbereich wiederum von den beiden weiteren Wärmedämmmaterialien eingefasst wird. Vorzugsweise sind die beiden weiteren Wärmedämmmaterialien im Kantenbereich der Wärmedämmplatte stumpf gestoßen, wobei ein Wärmedämmmaterial über den Kantenbereich hinausgeführt ist und bündig mit dem jeweils anderen Wärmedämmmaterial in der Ebene der jeweiligen Seitenfläche bzw. Oberfläche abschließt.Alternatively, another thermal insulation material may also be arranged only in the region of a side surface, while in the region of a surface, a third thermal insulation material is used. The two further thermal insulation materials are preferably arranged such that they are pushed in the edge region of the thermal insulation board, so that the edge region is in turn enclosed by the two further thermal insulation materials. Preferably, the two further thermal insulation materials in the edge region of the thermal insulation board are stumped, wherein a thermal insulation material is led beyond the edge region and flush with the respective other thermal insulation material in the plane of the respective side surface or surface.
Während sich wenigstens ein weiteres Wärmedämmmaterial, das nicht brennbar oder zumindest schwer entflammbar ist, über die gesamte Seitenfläche der Wärmedämmplatte erstreckt, kann eine hieran angrenzende Oberfläche auch nur teilweise von einem nicht brennbar oder zumindest schwer entflammbaren Wärmedämmmaterial ausgebildet werden. Das heißt, dass es nicht erforderlich ist, dass sich das nicht brennbare oder schwer entflammbare Wärmedämmmaterial über die gesamte Oberfläche der Wärmedämmplatte erstreckt. Sofern nur ein Teilbereich der Oberfläche aus einem nicht brennbaren oder zumindest schwer entflammbaren Wärmedämmmaterial ausgebildet ist, ist es unmittelbar angrenzend an das nicht brennbare oder zumindest schwer entflammbare Wärmedämmmaterial der Seitenfläche angeordnet, so dass wenigstens ein Kantenbereich der Wärmdämmplatte L- oder U-förmig von wenigstens einem nicht brennbaren oder zumindest schwer entflammbaren Wärmedämmmaterial eingefasst wird.While at least one further thermal insulation material, which is not flammable or at least flame-retardant, extends over the entire side surface of the thermal insulation panel, an adjoining surface can only partially be formed by a non-combustible or at least low-inflammable thermal insulation material. This means that it is not necessary for the non-flammable or flame-retardant thermal insulation material to extend over the entire surface of the thermal insulation panel. If only a portion of the surface is formed from a non-flammable or at least flame-retardant thermal insulation material, it is immediately adjacent to the non-flammable or at least flame-retardant thermal insulation material of the side surface, so that at least one edge region of the heat insulation board L- or U-shaped of at least a non-flammable or at least flame-retardant thermal insulation material is bordered.
Bevorzugt wird die Wärmedämmplatte derart in einem Wärmedämmsystem verbaut, dass die aus einem nicht brennbaren oder zumindest schwer entflammbaren Wärmedämmmaterial ausgebildete Seitenfläche unmittelbar angrenzend an eine Fassadenöffnung zu liegen kommt. Das heißt, dass die Seitenfläche im Brandfall und bei aus der Fassadenöffnung schlagenden Flammen einer direkten Beflammung ausgesetzt ist. Die Oberfläche, welche die Vorderseite der Wärmedämmplatte ausbildet, weist angrenzend an die Seitenfläche bevorzugt ebenfalls ein Wärmedämmmaterial auf, das zumindest schwer entflammbar ist. Auf diese Weise ist sichergestellt, dass die aus der Fassadenöffnung schlagenden Flammen nicht übergreifen und zur Entzündung des Wärmedämmmaterials der Wärmedämmplatte führen, das außerhalb des Bereiches der Seitenfläche bzw. Oberfläche angeordnet ist. Denn hierbei kann es sich um ein Wärmedämmmaterial, wie beispielsweise Polystyrol-Hartschaum, handeln, das den Flammen oder der im Brandfall entstehenden Hitze wenig Widerstand entgegen zu setzen vermag.The thermal insulation panel is preferably installed in a thermal insulation system in such a way that the side surface formed from a non-combustible or at least low-inflammable thermal insulation material comes to lie directly adjacent to a facade opening. This means that the side surface is exposed to direct flames in case of fire and flames striking out of the façade opening. The surface which forms the front side of the thermal insulation panel preferably also has, adjacent to the side surface, a thermal insulation material which is at least flame-retardant. In this way, it is ensured that the flames striking out of the facade opening do not overlap and lead to the ignition of the thermal insulation material of the thermal insulation panel, which is arranged outside the area of the side surface or surface. Because this may be a thermal insulation material, such as polystyrene foam, act, which is able to set little resistance to the flames or the resulting heat in the event of fire.
Der mittels wenigstens eines nicht brennbaren oder zumindest schwer entflammbaren Wärmedämmmaterials eingefasste Kantenbereich der erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmplatte bildet demnach eine Brandbarriere aus, die es ermöglicht, die Wärmedämmplatte als Brandriegel in einer Fassade einzusetzen. Dabei entfaltet der Brandriegel seine Wirkung nicht erst nach Fertigstellung der Fassade, sondern bereits vorher, wenn die Wärmedämmschicht bereits am Untergrund angebracht, aber beispielsweise noch nicht verputzt ist. Denn die L- oder U-förmige Kanteneinfassung aus wenigstens einem nicht brennbaren oder zumindest schwer entflammbaren Wärmedämmmaterial verhindert einen Überschlag des Brandes auf die darüber liegende Wärmedämmschicht. Ein herkömmlicher Brandriegel, wie er gemäß Bauordnung gefordert wird, vermag demgegenüber keinen wirksamen Schutz gegen einen Brandüberschlag während dieser Bauphase zu gewährleisten.The bordered by at least one non-flammable or at least flame-retardant thermal insulation edge region of the thermal insulation board according to the invention thus forms a fire barrier, which makes it possible to use the thermal insulation panel as a fire bar in a facade. The fire bar unfolds its effect not only after completion of the facade, but before, if the thermal barrier coating already attached to the ground, but for example not yet plastered. Because the L- or U-shaped edge edging of at least one non-flammable or at least flame-retardant thermal insulation material prevents flashover of the fire on the overlying thermal barrier coating. In contrast, a conventional fire bar, as required by the building code, can not guarantee effective protection against arcing during this construction phase.
Die L-oder U-förmige Einfassung der Wärmedämmplatte mit wenigstens einem weiteren Wärmedämmmaterial, das zumindest schwer entflammbar ist, weist ferner den Vorteil auf, dass - sollte dennoch ein Schmelzen des darüber liegenden Wärmedämmmaterials nicht zu verhindern sein - die Schmelze aufgefangen wird. Ein Abtropfen der Schmelze wird somit verhindert und zugleich die Gefahr einer Brandausweitung verringert.The L-or U-shaped enclosure of the thermal insulation board with at least one further thermal insulation material, which is at least flame retardant, also has the advantage that - should still be melting of the overlying thermal insulation material can not be prevented - the melt is collected. A dripping of the melt is thus prevented and at the same time reduces the risk of fire expansion.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung erstreckt sich demnach das im Bereich einer Seitenfläche der Wärmedämmplatte eingesetzte weitere Wärmedämmmaterial über die gesamte Seitenfläche. Das weitere Wärmedämmmaterial besitzt weiterhin bevorzugt eine Schichtstärke d1 von 4-38 cm, vorzugsweise 4-25 cm, weiterhin vorzugsweise 6-20 cm. Die konkret zu wählende Schichtstärke hängt unter anderem von dem eingesetzten Wärmedämmmaterial und dessen Brandverhalten ab.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, therefore, the further thermal insulation material used in the region of a side surface of the thermal insulation panel extends over the entire side surface. The further thermal insulation material furthermore preferably has a layer thickness d 1 of 4-38 cm, preferably 4-25 cm, furthermore preferably 6-20 cm. The specific layer thickness depends, among other things, on the thermal insulation material used and its fire behavior.
Das im Bereich einer Oberfläche der Wärmedämmplatte eingesetzte Wärmedämmmaterial erstreckt sich bevorzugt zumindest über einen Teilbereich der Oberfläche. Ferner wird vorgeschlagen, dass es eine Schichtstärke d2 von 1-10 cm, vorzugsweise von 2-5 cm besitzt. Sofern nur ein Teilbereich der Oberfläche von einem nicht brennbaren oder zumindest schwer entflammbaren Wärmedämmmaterial ausgebildet wird, ist dieses flächenbündig in Bezug auf die Oberfläche der Wärmedämmplatte in diese eingelassen. Die Oberfläche ist demnach bevorzugt planeben ausgeführt.The thermal insulation material used in the region of a surface of the thermal insulation panel preferably extends at least over a partial area of the surface. It is also proposed that it has a layer thickness d 2 of 1-10 cm, preferably 2-5 cm. If only a portion of the surface of a non-combustible or at least flame-retardant thermal insulation material is formed, this is flush with the surface of the thermal insulation board inserted in this. The surface is therefore preferably designed flat.
Bevorzugt ist das erste Wärmedämmmaterial der Wärmedämmplatte ein organischer Schaum, insbesondere auf Basis von Polystyrol, Polyurethan, Polyisocyanurat oder Phenolharz, oder ein organisches Fasermaterial, insbesondere auf Basis von Holzfasern, Holzwolle oder Fasern aus Zellulose, Hanf, Flachs, Gras, Schilf oder Stroh. Bei dem ersten Wärmedämmmaterial handelt es sich demnach bevorzugt um ein solches, dass im Brandfall den Flammen und/oder der Hitze wenig Widerstand entgegen setzt, zugleich jedoch einfach und kostengünstig in der Herstellung ist und/oder die Ausbildung eines Wärmedämmsystems, insbesondere eines Wärmedämmverbundsystems, ermöglicht. Das erste Wärmedämmmaterial bildet weiterhin vorzugsweise auch das Material der Wärmedämmschicht des Wärmedämmsystems bzw. des Wärmedämmverbundsystems. Auf diese Weise wird ein weitgehend homogener Untergrund zur Aufnahme einer abschließenden ein- oder mehrlagigen Putzschicht ausgebildet.Preferably, the first thermal insulation material of the thermal insulation board is an organic foam, in particular based on polystyrene, polyurethane, polyisocyanurate or phenolic resin, or an organic fiber material, in particular based on wood fibers, wood wool or fibers of cellulose, hemp, flax, grass, reeds or straw. The first thermal insulation material is therefore preferably such that in the case of fire the flame and / or the heat poses little resistance, but at the same time simple and inexpensive to manufacture and / or the formation of a thermal insulation system, in particular a composite thermal insulation system allows , The first thermal insulation material preferably also forms the material of the thermal barrier coating of the thermal insulation system or the thermal insulation composite system. In this way, a substantially homogeneous substrate for receiving a final single or multi-layer plaster layer is formed.
Weiterhin bevorzugt ist das im Bereich einer Seitenfläche der Wärmedämmplatte eingesetzte weitere Wärmedämmmaterial ein organischer Schaum, insbesondere auf Basis von Phenolharz, Polyurethan oder Polyisocyanat, ein mineralischer Schaum, insbesondere auf Basis von Schaumglas, ein mineralisches Fasermaterial, insbesondere auf Basis von Mineralwolle, Steinwolle oder Glaswolle, oder ein aerogelhaltiges Wärmedämmmaterial. Diese Wärmedämmmaterialien sind nicht brennbar oder zumindest schwer entflammbar und demnach zur Ausbildung einer Brandbarriere besonders geeignet.Further preferably, the further thermal insulation material used in the region of a side surface of the thermal insulation panel is an organic foam, in particular based on phenol resin, polyurethane or polyisocyanate, a mineral foam, in particular based on foam glass, a mineral fiber material, in particular based on mineral wool, rock wool or glass wool , or an airgel-containing thermal insulation material. These thermal insulation materials are not flammable or at least flame retardant and therefore particularly suitable for the formation of a fire barrier.
Das im Bereich einer Oberfläche der Wärmedämmplatte eingesetzte Wärmedämmmaterial ist vorzugsweise ein organischer Schaum, insbesondere auf Basis von Phenolharz, Polyurethan oder Polyisocyanat, ein mineralischer Schaum, insbesondere auf Basis von Schaumglas, ein mineralisches Fasermaterial, insbesondere auf Basis von Mineralwolle, Steinwolle oder Glaswolle, oder ein aerogelhaltiges Wärmedämmmaterial. Das weitere im Bereich einer Oberfläche eingesetzte Wärmedämmmaterial kann demnach gleich dem im Bereich einer Seitenfläche eingesetzten Wärmedämmmaterial sein. Es ist demnach ebenfalls nicht brennbar oder zumindest schwer entflammbar. Da die Brandbarriere vorrangig durch das im Bereich einer Seitenfläche der Wärmedämmplatte eingesetzte Wärmedämmmaterial ausgebildet wird, können an das im Bereich der Oberfläche eingesetzte Wärmedämmmaterial auch geringere Anforderungen im Hinblick auf das Brandverhalten gestellt werden. Das Wärmedämmmaterial sollte jedoch zumindest schwer entflammbar sein.The thermal insulation material used in the region of a surface of the thermal insulation panel is preferably an organic foam, in particular based on phenol resin, polyurethane or polyisocyanate, a mineral foam, in particular based on foam glass, a mineral fiber material, in particular based on mineral wool, rock wool or glass wool, or an airgel-containing thermal insulation material. The further thermal insulation material used in the region of a surface can therefore be equal to the thermal insulation material used in the region of a side surface. It is therefore also not flammable or at least flame retardant. Since the fire barrier is primarily formed by the thermal insulation material used in the region of a side surface of the thermal insulation panel, lower requirements with regard to fire behavior can be imposed on the thermal insulation material used in the area of the surface. However, the thermal insulation material should be at least flame retardant.
Im Unterschied zum ersten Wärmedämmmaterial, welches das Basismaterial der erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmplatte darstellt, sind die weiteren Wärmedämmmaterialien zur Ausbildung wenigstens einer Seitenfläche und/oder einer Oberfläche der Wärmedämmplatte bevorzugt derart gewählt, dass sie im Brandfall nicht schmelzen. Denn erst die Formstabilität der weiteren Wärmedämmmaterialien gewährleistet die Ausbildung einer L- oder U-förmigen Wanne, um im Brandfall die Schmelze des ersten Wärmedämmmaterials aufzufangen, sofern dieses der Hitzentwicklung nicht standhalten sollte.In contrast to the first thermal insulation material, which is the base material of the thermal insulation panel according to the invention, the further thermal insulation materials for forming at least one side surface and / or a surface of the thermal insulation panel are preferably selected such that they do not melt in case of fire. Because only the dimensional stability of the other thermal insulation materials ensures the formation of an L-shaped or U-shaped trough to catch the melt of the first thermal insulation material in case of fire, if this heat development should not withstand.
Zur Ausbildung der Wanne ist wenigstens ein nicht brennbares oder zumindest schwer entflammbares weiteres Wärmedämmmaterial um wenigsten einen Kantenbereich der Wärmedämmplatte geführt. Alternativ hierzu kann die Wanne auch durch mehr als ein weiteres Wärmedämmmaterial ausgebildet werden. Sofern beispielsweise im Bereich einer Seitenfläche ein erstes und im Bereich einer hieran angrenzenden Oberfläche wenigstens ein weiteres Wärmedämmmaterial eingesetzt ist, sind vorzugsweise wenigstens zwei der Wärmedämmmaterialien der Wärmedämmplatte mittels eines nicht brennbaren Klebers verbunden. Vorzugsweise schließt der Kleber einen Stoßbereich der beiden weiteren Wärmedämmmaterialien und/oder verbindet wenigstens ein weiteres Wärmedämmmaterial mit dem ersten Wärmedämmmaterial der Wärmedämmplatte. Im Falle einer Stoßfuge zwischen zwei weiteren Wärmedämmmaterialien ist diese bevorzugt vollständig mit einem nicht brennbaren Kleber gefüllt. Die Stoßfuge bildet demnach keine Schwachstelle des Systems aus.To form the trough, at least one non-flammable or at least flame-retardant further thermal insulation material is guided around at least one edge region of the thermal insulation panel. Alternatively, the tub can also be formed by more than one further thermal insulation material. If, for example, in the region of a side surface, a first and in the region of a surface adjoining thereto at least one further thermal insulation material is used, preferably at least two of the thermal insulation materials of the thermal insulation panel are connected by means of a non-combustible adhesive. Preferably, the adhesive closes a joint region of the two further thermal insulation materials and / or connects at least one further thermal insulation material to the first thermal insulation material of the thermal insulation board. In the case of a butt joint between two other thermal insulation materials, this is preferably completely filled with a non-combustible adhesive. The butt joint thus forms no weak point of the system.
Zur Verbesserung des Brandverhaltens einer erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmplatte wird ferner vorgeschlagen, dass die Seitenfläche und/oder zumindest ein Teilbereich der Oberfläche eine Beschichtung aufweist, die vorzugsweise Flammschutzmittel, insbesondere Aluminiumhydroxid, Blähgraphit und/oder weitere Flammschutzmittel, wie beispielsweise andere Metallhydroxide, Alkalimetallsilikate und Hydrate von Metallsalzen oder -oxiden, enthält. Insbesondere bei einem Hohlräume ausbildenden Fasermaterial, das als nicht brennbares oder zumindest schwer entflammbares Wärmedämmmaterial Einsatz findet, bewirkt eine solche Beschichtung das Schließen der Hohlräume. Zugleich kann durch die enthaltenen Flammschutzmittel das Brandverhalten des Wärmedämmmaterials in Bezug auf einen wirksamen Brandschutz weiter verbessert werden. Das Schließen der Hohlräume des beispielsweise faserartigen Wärmedämmmaterials verhindert das Eindringen einer Schmelze eines oberhalb der Brandbarriere angeordneten Wärmedämmmaterials und wirkt somit einem verstärkten Abbrennen der Schmelze entgegen, welche auf dem "Docht-Effekt" der mit Schmelze benetzten Fasern des ans ich nicht brennbaren oder zumindest schwer entflammbaren Wärmedämmmaterials beruht.To improve the fire behavior of a thermal insulation panel according to the invention is further proposed that the side surface and / or at least a portion of the surface has a coating, preferably flame retardants, especially aluminum hydroxide, expandable graphite and / or other flame retardants, such as other metal hydroxides, alkali metal silicates and hydrates of metal salts or oxides. In particular, in a cavity-forming fiber material, which is used as a non-combustible or at least flame-retardant thermal insulation material, such a coating causes the closing of the cavities. At the same time, the fire behavior of the thermal insulation material with respect to an effective fire protection can be further improved by the contained flame retardants. The closing of the cavities of, for example, fibrous thermal insulation material prevents the penetration of a melt disposed above the fire barrier thermal insulation material and thus counteracts an increased burning of the melt, which on the "wick effect" of the melt-wetted fibers of the non-combustible to me or at least difficult flammable thermal insulation material.
Des Weiteren wird ein Wärmedämmsystem, insbesondere Wärmedämmverbundsystem, umfassend wenigstens eine erfindungsgemäße Wärmedämmplatte zur Ausbildung einer Brandbarriere und/oder eines Brandriegels in einer Wärmedämmschicht vorgeschlagen. Die Vorteile einer erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmplatte in einem solchen Wärmedämmsystem bzw. Wärmedämmverbundsystem kommen insbesondere dann zum Tragen, wenn es sich bei dem Wärmedämmmaterial der Wärmedämmschicht um ein brennbares und/oder bei Hitzeeinwirkung schmelzendes Wärmedämmmaterial handelt, wie beispielsweise Polystyrol-Hartschaum.Furthermore, a thermal insulation system, in particular thermal insulation composite system, comprising at least one inventive thermal insulation board for forming a fire barrier and / or a fire bar proposed in a thermal barrier coating. The advantages of a thermal insulation panel according to the invention in such a thermal insulation system or thermal insulation composite system are particularly useful if the thermal insulation material of the thermal insulation layer is a combustible and / or thermal insulation material that melts when exposed to heat, for example polystyrene rigid foam.
Bevorzugt ist die Wärmedämmplatte mittels eines Klebers und/oder eines Dübels am bauseitigen Untergrund befestigt. Bei dem Kleber handelt es sich vorzugsweise um einen nicht brennbaren Kleber, um die Haftung der Wärmedämmplatte am Untergrund im Brandfall sicherzustellen. Alternativ oder ergänzend kann die Wärmedämmplatte mit dem Untergrund verdübelt sein.Preferably, the thermal insulation board by means of a Adhesive and / or a dowel attached to the on-site substrate. The adhesive is preferably a non-flammable adhesive to ensure adhesion of the thermal insulation board to the substrate in case of fire. Alternatively or additionally, the thermal insulation board can be pegged to the ground.
Vorzugsweise sind zur Ausbildung einer Brandbarriere und/oder eines Brandriegels, die bzw. der in der Regel horizontal verläuft, mehrere Wärmedämmplatten in gleicher Orientierung nebeneinander liegend am bauseitigen Untergrund befestigt. In gleicher Orientierung bedeutet dabei, dass die mit einem nicht brennbaren oder zumindest schwer entflammbaren Wärmedämmmaterial versehenen Seitenflächen und/oder Oberflächen der Wärmedämmplatten jeweils in einer Ebene angeordnet sind.Preferably, to form a fire barrier and / or a fire bar, which or runs generally horizontally, a plurality of thermal insulation panels in the same orientation adjacent to each other on the building site attached. In the same orientation means that the provided with a non-combustible or at least flame-retardant thermal insulation side surfaces and / or surfaces of the thermal insulation panels are each arranged in a plane.
Des Weiteren bevorzugt ist zur Ausbildung eines Wärmedämmverbundsystems auf wenigstens einer Seitenfläche und/oder Oberfläche der Wärmedämmplatte eine ein- oder mehrlagige Putzschicht aufgebracht. Die ein- oder mehrlagige Putzschicht bildet eine zusätzliche Schutzschicht aus, die einen Brandüberschlag bei gleichzeitiger Umgehung der Brandbarriere bzw. des Brandriegels wirksam verhindert. Dennoch sei erneut darauf hingewiesen, dass auch ohne ein- oder mehrlagige Putzschicht bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmsystem - im Unterschied zu herkömmlichen Wärmedämmsystemen mit einfachen Brandriegeln - ein Brandüberschlag bzw. ein Schmelzen der oberhalb der Brandbarriere bzw. des Brandriegels ausgebildeten Wärmedämmschicht durch die erfindungsgemäße Wärmedämmplatte wirksam verhindert oder zumindest deutlich verzögert werden kann. Dadurch wird bereits ein gewisser Brandschutz während der Bauphase gewährleistet.Furthermore, a single-layer or multi-layered plaster layer is preferably applied to form a thermal insulation composite system on at least one side surface and / or surface of the thermal insulation panel. The single- or multi-layer plaster layer forms an additional protective layer that effectively prevents a fire flashover while bypassing the fire barrier or the fire bar. Nevertheless, it should again be noted that even without single or multi-layer plaster layer in a thermal insulation system according to the invention - in contrast to conventional thermal insulation systems with simple fire bars - a flashover or melting of the formed above the fire barrier or the fire barrier thermal barrier effectively prevented by the heat insulation board according to the invention or at least significantly delayed. This already ensures a certain level of fire protection during the construction phase.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Diese zeigen:
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Fig. 1 einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch ein erstes erfindungsgemäßes Wärmedämmsystem und -
Fig. 2 einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch ein zweites erfindungsgemäßes Wärmedämmsystem.
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Fig. 1 a schematic longitudinal section through a first inventive thermal insulation system and -
Fig. 2 a schematic longitudinal section through a second inventive thermal insulation system.
Das in der
Die oberhalb des Fensters 7 angeordnete erfindungsgemäße Wärmedämmplatte 1 weist ferner zwei Oberflächen 3 auf, die eine Rückseite 5 und eine Vorderseite 6 ausbilden. Die Rückseite 5 wird aus dem ersten Wärmedämmmaterial 1.1, d. h. dem Polystyrol-Hartschaum, ausgebildet. Über die Rückseite 5 ist die Wärmedämmplatte 1 unter Zuhilfenahme des Klebers 13 an dem bauseitigen Untergrund 4 befestigt. Die als Vorderseite 6 dienende Oberfläche 3 wird aus einem weiteren Wärmedämmmaterial 1.3 ausgebildet, wobei es sich vorliegend um Phenolharz handelt, dass gegenüber Flammen und Hitzeeinwirkung sehr widerstandsfähig ist. Das Wärmedämmmaterial 1.3 erstreckt sich vollflächig über das erste Wärmedämmmaterial 1.1 sowie das zweite Wärmedämmmaterial 1.2 bzw. schließt flächenbündig mit dem Wärmedämmmaterial 1.2 ab, so dass ein planebener, das Fenster 7 begrenzender Sturz ausgebildet wird. Die beiden Wärmedämmmaterialien 1.2 und 1.3. umgreifen demnach den vorderen Kantenbereich der Wärmedämmplatte 1 und fassen den Polystyrol-Hartschaum ein, so dass selbst über den Sturzbereich hinaus schlagende Flammen 8 den Polystyrol-Hartschaum nicht zum Schmelzen bringen können. Dies wird vorliegend unter anderem dadurch sichergestellt, dass die Schichtstärke d1 des im Bereich der Seitenfläche 2 eingesetzten Wärmedämmmaterials 1.2 vorliegend 15 cm beträgt und die die Schichtstärke d1 überragende Höhe h des im Bereich der Oberfläche 3 eingesetzten Wärmedämmmaterials 1.3 vorliegend 50 cm beträgt. Das Wärmedämmmaterial 1.3 weist dabei eine Schichtstärke d2 von 5 cm auf.The
Durch die L-förmige Einfassung der Wärmedämmplatte 1 ist nicht nur die Ausbildung einer wirksamen Brandbarriere gewährleistet, sondern ferner die Ausbildung einer Wanne, die in der Lage ist, eventuell aufgrund der Hitzentwicklung schmelzendes Wärmedämmmaterial einer oberhalb der Wärmedämmplatte 1 angeordneten Wärmedämmschicht 11 aufzufangen. Ferner kann die frei liegende Oberfläche der Wärmedämmschicht 11 im Brandfall einer direkten Beflammung ausgesetzt sein, da das Wärmedämmsystem noch keine abschließende Verkleidung und/oder Putzschicht aufweist, die es noch an- bzw. aufzubringen gilt. Somit ist ein effektiver Brandschutz bereits vor Fertigstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmsystems bzw. Wärmedämmverbundsystems gewährleistet.The L-shaped enclosure of the
Eine alternative Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmsystems ist der
Ferner ist im Ausführungsbeispiel der
- 11
-
Wärmedämmplatte
1.1 erstes Wärmedämmmaterial
1.2 zweites Wärmedämmmaterial
1.3 drittes Wälmedämmmatelialthermal insulation board
1.1 first thermal insulation material
1.2 second thermal insulation material
1.3 third Wälmmämmmatelial - 22
- Seitenflächeside surface
- 33
- Oberflächesurface
- 44
- Untergrundunderground
- 55
- Rückseiteback
- 66
- Vorderseitefront
- 77
- Fensterwindow
- 88th
- Flammeflame
- 99
- KleberGlue
- 1010
- Beschichtungcoating
- 1111
- Wärmedämmschichtthermal barrier
- 1212
- PutzschichtRendering
- 1313
- KleberGlue
- 1414
- Dübeldowel
- 1515
- Dämmstreifeninsulation strips
Claims (12)
- A thermal insulating panel (1) for a thermal insulation system, in particular a compound thermal insulation system, having two parallel surfaces (3) which are joined via sides (2), said parallel surfaces forming a rear face (5) and a front face (6) of the thermal insulating panel (1), which faces can be joined to an on-site base (4), wherein the thermal insulating panel (1) comprises a first thermal insulating material (1.1) and at least one additional thermal insulating material (1.2, 1.3), which is not flammable or at least is flame retardant, in the area of at least one side (2) and one surface (3), characterized in that the thermal insulating panel (1) comprises two additional thermal insulating materials (1.2, 1.3) which are not flammable or at least are flame retardant and which differ from each other and from the first thermal insulating material with regards to their reaction to fire, wherein the two additional thermal insulating materials (1.2, 1.3) are designed and arranged such that an edge area formed by the first thermal insulating material (1.1) is surrounded by the additional thermal insulating materials (1.2, 1.3) in an L-shape or a U-shape.
- The thermal insulating panel according to Claim 1, characterized in that the additional thermal insulating material (1.2) used in the area of a side (2) extends across the entire side and/or has a layer thickness (d1) of 4-38 cm, preferably of 4-25 cm, further preferably of 6-20 cm.
- The thermal insulating panel according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thermal insulating material (1.3) used in the area of a surface (3) extends across at least a partial area of that surface (3) and/or has a layer thickness (d2) of 1-10 cm, preferably of 2-5 cm.
- The thermal insulating panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first thermal insulating material (1.1) of the thermal insulating panel (1) is an organic foam, in particular on the basis of polystyrene, polyurethane, polyisocyanurate or phenol resin, or is an organic fibre material, in particular on the basis of wood fibres, wood-wool or fibres from cellulose, hemp, flax, grass, reeds or straw.
- The thermal insulating panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the additional thermal insulating material (1.2) used in the area of a side (2) of the thermal insulating panel (1) is an organic foam, in particular on the basis of phenol resin, polyurethane or polyisocyanurate, is a mineral foam, in particular on the basis of mineral wool, rock wool or glass wool, or is a thermal insulating material containing aerogel.
- The thermal insulating panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal insulating material (1.3) used in the area of a surface (3) of the thermal insulating panel (1) is an organic foam, in particular on the basis of phenol resin, polyurethane or polyisocyanurate, is a mineral foam, in particular on the basis of foam glass, is a mineral fibre material, in particular on the basis of mineral wool, rock wool or glass wool, or is a thermal insulating material containing aerogel.
- The thermal insulating panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two of the thermal insulating materials (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) of the thermal insulating panel (1) are joined together by means of an inflammable adhesive (9).
- The thermal insulating panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the side (2) and/or at least a partial area of the surface (3) has/have a coating (10), which preferably contains flame retardants, in particular aluminium hydroxide, exfoliated graphite and/or other flame retardants, such as other metal hydroxides, alkali metal silicates and hydrates of metal salts or metal oxides.
- A thermal insulation system, in particular a compound thermal insulation system, comprising at least one thermal insulating panel (1) according to any one of the preceding claims for forming a fire barrier and/or a fire block in a thermal insulating layer (11).
- The thermal insulation system according to Claim 9, characterized in that the thermal insulating panel (1) is joined to the on-site base (4) by means of an adhesive (13) and/or an anchor (14).
- The thermal insulation system according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that multiple thermal insulating panels (1) are joined to the on-side base (4) side by side in the same orientation for forming a fire barrier and/or a fire block.
- The thermal insulation system according to any one of Claims 9 to 11, characterized in that a single layer or multiple layers of plaster (12) are applied to at least one side (2) and/or surface (3) of the thermal insulating panel (1) for forming a compound thermal insulation system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP12198218.5A EP2746479B2 (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | Heat insulation plate for a compound heat insulation system, compound heat insulation system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP12198218.5A EP2746479B2 (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | Heat insulation plate for a compound heat insulation system, compound heat insulation system |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2746479A1 EP2746479A1 (en) | 2014-06-25 |
| EP2746479B1 EP2746479B1 (en) | 2016-05-18 |
| EP2746479B2 true EP2746479B2 (en) | 2019-10-16 |
Family
ID=47563065
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP12198218.5A Active EP2746479B2 (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | Heat insulation plate for a compound heat insulation system, compound heat insulation system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2746479B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015013030A1 (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2017-04-13 | Eckstein Technology Ag | Process for thermal insulation and fire protection of building exterior walls |
| PL3674506T3 (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2024-07-01 | Iso-Chemie Gmbh | Support element for supporting a window frame |
| CN112140446B (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2022-09-20 | 邯郸英远保温材料有限公司 | Fireproof and heat-insulation type molded polystyrene board and preparation method thereof |
| WO2023185158A1 (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2023-10-05 | 重庆再升科技股份有限公司 | Processing apparatus for vacuum heat-insulating plate, aerogel-modified polyurethane foam thermal insulation plate, and preparation method therefor |
| CN114634700B (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2023-10-24 | 重庆再升科技股份有限公司 | Aerogel modified polyurethane foam heat insulation board and preparation method thereof |
| IT202200007928A1 (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2023-10-21 | Mir Solution S R L | COVERING ELEMENT OF A DOOR |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19643618A1 (en) † | 1996-10-22 | 1998-04-23 | Sto Ag | Polystyrene cladding system for buildings with defence against inferno |
| DE19652352A1 (en) † | 1996-12-17 | 1998-06-18 | Wolman Gmbh Dr | Fireproof composite system |
| DE102007034112A1 (en) † | 2007-07-21 | 2009-01-22 | Irrgeher, Karin | Fire protection element has intumescence mass which is provided with protective central carrier, and casing formed by fabric or fibrous material holds foam material transverse to longitudinal extending firmness |
| AT506103B1 (en) † | 2007-12-14 | 2009-11-15 | Sunpor Kunststoff Gmbh | FIRE PROTECTION BARS AND COMPONENT SHAPED COMPONENT |
| EP2620567A2 (en) † | 2012-01-30 | 2013-07-31 | Sto Ag | Composite heat insulation system with a fire barrier, heat insulation element and use of the heat insulation element as a fire barrier |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE8426763U1 (en) | 1984-12-13 | Lhc Loba-Holmenkol-Chemie Dr. Fischer Und Dr. Weinmann Kg, 7257 Ditzingen | Insulation board for facade full thermal insulation composite systems | |
| DE19860974C1 (en) * | 1998-12-12 | 2001-12-20 | Rockwool Mineralwolle | Heat and / or sound insulation element |
| AT500367B1 (en) * | 2004-01-09 | 2007-11-15 | Prima Bau Und Daemmsysteme Ges | THERMAL PLATE |
| EP2426284A1 (en) * | 2010-09-06 | 2012-03-07 | Linzmeier Bauelemente GmbH | Fire protection device for buildings |
-
2012
- 2012-12-19 EP EP12198218.5A patent/EP2746479B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19643618A1 (en) † | 1996-10-22 | 1998-04-23 | Sto Ag | Polystyrene cladding system for buildings with defence against inferno |
| DE19652352A1 (en) † | 1996-12-17 | 1998-06-18 | Wolman Gmbh Dr | Fireproof composite system |
| DE102007034112A1 (en) † | 2007-07-21 | 2009-01-22 | Irrgeher, Karin | Fire protection element has intumescence mass which is provided with protective central carrier, and casing formed by fabric or fibrous material holds foam material transverse to longitudinal extending firmness |
| AT506103B1 (en) † | 2007-12-14 | 2009-11-15 | Sunpor Kunststoff Gmbh | FIRE PROTECTION BARS AND COMPONENT SHAPED COMPONENT |
| EP2620567A2 (en) † | 2012-01-30 | 2013-07-31 | Sto Ag | Composite heat insulation system with a fire barrier, heat insulation element and use of the heat insulation element as a fire barrier |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2746479B1 (en) | 2016-05-18 |
| EP2746479A1 (en) | 2014-06-25 |
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