CN114634700B - Aerogel modified polyurethane foam heat insulation board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aerogel modified polyurethane foam heat insulation board and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114634700B CN114634700B CN202210350058.3A CN202210350058A CN114634700B CN 114634700 B CN114634700 B CN 114634700B CN 202210350058 A CN202210350058 A CN 202210350058A CN 114634700 B CN114634700 B CN 114634700B
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008258 liquid foam Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- AZCUJQOIQYJWQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-) titanium(4+) trihydrate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].O.O.O AZCUJQOIQYJWQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 diethyl hydroxyethyl phosphonate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004775 Tyvek Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000690 Tyvek Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006100 radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0095—Mixtures of at least two compounding ingredients belonging to different one-dot groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C44/12—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
- B29C44/1266—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements the preformed part being completely encapsulated, e.g. for packaging purposes or as reinforcement
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0085—Use of fibrous compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/009—Use of pretreated compounding ingredients
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
- E04B1/803—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with vacuum spaces included in the slab
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2475/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2475/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2479/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08J2461/00 - C08J2477/00
- C08J2479/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08J2479/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aerogel modified polyurethane foam heat insulation board, which comprises a polyurethane foam core and at least one heat insulation bag, wherein the heat insulation bag is arranged in the polyurethane foam core, the polyurethane foam wraps the heat insulation bag, and the volume ratio of the heat insulation bag in the heat insulation board is 10% -90%; the heat insulation package comprises an outer shell surrounded by a barrier film with a gas barrier function, wherein the outer shell is filled with heat insulation materials and at least one gas suction package, and the heat insulation materials comprise 1-60wt% of aerogel and 40-99wt% of inorganic fibers, preferably 15-60wt% of aerogel and 40-85wt% of inorganic fibers, or 25-60wt% of aerogel and 40-75wt% of inorganic fibers; the air suction bag is filled with metal oxide, the metal oxide comprises calcium oxide, the setting quantity of the air suction bag is determined according to the area of the heat insulation bag, and the air suction bag is controlled to be less than or equal to 5g/m 2 . The heat-insulating board heat-conducting system of the inventionLow in number, good in heat insulation performance and long in service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat insulation plates, in particular to an aerogel modified polyurethane foam heat insulation plate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Building panels refer to insulation structures for commercial and residential use, typically composite panels with glass fiber or polyurethane foam as a substrate. The polyurethane rigid foam is a high molecular polymer prepared by mixing isocyanate and polyether serving as main raw materials under the action of a foaming agent, a catalyst, a flame retardant and other auxiliary agents through special equipment and foaming in situ through high-pressure spraying. Polyurethane has better heat insulation performance, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the polyurethane foam building board on the market is generally 0.022-0.024W/m.K, and the polyurethane foam building board is light, non-corrosive and easy to cut, and can also have excellent flame retardance, smoke diffusion resistance and mechanical property through chemical modification. However, the heat insulation performance of the existing polyurethane foam building board cannot meet the requirements of certain occasions with high requirements on heat insulation performance, and building boards with better heat insulation performance are required in the building industry due to the requirements of heat insulation in winter and heat insulation in summer and fire prevention and flame retardance; thermal insulation boards with more excellent thermal insulation performance and flame retardant performance are also required in the fields of petroleum or natural gas refineries, chemical plants, automobiles, motor cars, ship hulls, aerospace and the like. The heat conductivity coefficient of the polyurethane foam is reduced as much as possible through modifying the polyurethane foam, and meanwhile, the flame retardant property is not influenced, so that the high requirements of the above fields on the building board are met.
Aerogel is a porous, ultra-lightweight material that is typically produced by a sol-gel process. Aerogel is an excellent insulator, typically containing 98% air, with very small pore sizes, only 10-40 nanometers. Aerogels, such as silica aerogel, are inherently hydrophilic in that they possess a sponge-like nanostructure, and a block of ice-sized aerogel has a surface area equivalent to half a football field large enough to adsorb many water molecules; in addition, the surface of the aerogel structure is covered with oxyhydrogen groups which can adsorb water molecules; the water-repellent and moisture-proof properties can be achieved by chemical treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide the aerogel modified polyurethane foam heat insulation board with low heat conductivity and long service life.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the aerogel modified polyurethane foam heat insulation board comprises a polyurethane foam core and at least one heat insulation package, wherein the heat insulation package is arranged inside the polyurethane foam core, the polyurethane foam wraps the heat insulation package, and the volume ratio of the heat insulation package in the heat insulation board is 10% -90%, preferably 30-70%;
the heat insulation package comprises an outer shell surrounded by a barrier film with a gas barrier function, wherein the outer shell is filled with heat insulation materials and at least one gas suction package, and the heat insulation materials comprise 1-60wt% of aerogel and 40-99wt% of inorganic fibers, preferably 15-60wt% of aerogel and 40-85wt% of inorganic fibers, or 25-60wt% of aerogel and 40-75wt% of inorganic fibers;
the air suction bag is filled with metal oxide, the metal oxide comprises calcium oxide, the setting quantity of the air suction bag is determined according to the area of the heat insulation bag, and the air suction bag is controlled to be less than or equal to 5g/m 2 ；
The heat conduction coefficient of the heat insulation package is 0.001-0.010w/m.k.
Preferably, the barrier film is an aluminum foil composite film, preferably a glass fiber cloth/AL/PET/CPE composite film or a glass fiber cloth/AL/PET/NY/CPE composite film;
the outer cover body of the air suction bag is made of a material with waterproof air permeability, preferably a high-density polyethylene material, preferably Tyvek DuPont paper; the metal oxide is filled in the outer package body;
the metal oxide further comprises copper oxide and cerium oxide; the mass percentage of calcium oxide in the metal oxide is 98-99.5%, and the balance is copper oxide and/or cerium oxide, and the copper oxide and the cerium oxide are mixed in any proportion.
Preferably, the aerogel, the inorganic fiber and the air suction bag are sealed in the outer shell of the heat insulation bag, and the outer shell is vacuumized and sealed to improve the heat insulation effect;
preferably, a decorative surface is compounded outside the polyurethane foam core, and preferably, the decorative surface is a film, coated paper, non-woven fabric, aluminum film pressed decorative surface or a stainless steel frame body.
Preferably, the aerogel is selected from an organic aerogel, a polyimide aerogel or a polyurethane aerogel, preferably a silica aerogel; the inorganic fiber is selected from one or more of glass fiber, basalt fiber and ceramic fiber; preferably the polyurethane foam core contains a flame retardant.
Preferably, the heat insulating material further comprises a black material, wherein the black material is one or a mixture of more than one of carbon black, ferric oxide and titanium pentoxide;
the specific surface area of the black material is 10-360m 2 Preferably 70-150m 2 /g；
The mass ratio of the black material in the heat insulation material is 0-10%, preferably 2-8% or 3-5%;
the average granularity of the black material is less than or equal to 10um.
Preferably, the insulating material further comprises other materials selected from expanded perlite, precipitated silica, calcium carbonate, talc or magnesium hydroxide;
the heat insulation bag or the air suction bag is cuboid, cube, sphere or cylinder.
The thickness of the heat insulation plate is 0.6cm-10cm, the thickness of the heat insulation bag is 0.49 cm-0.98 cm, the heat conductivity coefficient is less than or equal to 0.015w/m.k, the flame spread index is less than or equal to 30, and the smoke index is less than or equal to 300.
The preparation method of the aerogel modified polyurethane foam heat insulation board comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing a heat insulation bag: sealing the heat insulating material and the air suction bag in the barrier film to prepare a heat insulating bag;
2) Placing the heat insulation package in a heat insulation board preparation mould;
3) Pouring polyurethane liquid foam into a heat insulation plate preparation mold, and ensuring that the heat insulation bag is completely wrapped by foam materials;
4) The foam material is allowed to harden and set to form the final product.
In the preparation method, the polyurethane liquid foam contains a flame retardant, wherein the flame retardant is a halogen flame retardant or a non-halogen flame retardant, preferably phosphotriester, diethyl hydroxyethyl phosphonate, triethyl phosphate, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or molybdenum oxide.
Preferably, the preparation method further comprises a step 5) of decorating the heat insulation plate, wherein the decoration comprises the steps of coating color on the surface and compositing a decorative surface on the surface, and preferably the decorative surface is a film, coated paper, non-woven fabric, aluminum film pressed decorative surface or a stainless steel frame body.
The heat insulation bag is sealed through the evacuation so as to improve the heat insulation effect, and in the use, a small amount of gas can permeate into the heat insulation bag slowly through the gas barrier film, and the material in the inside of the heat insulation bag can also slowly release gas along with time, and when the vacuum degree in the heat insulation bag gradually reduces, the heat conduction coefficient can be increased by the air heat conduction effect brought to reduce the heat insulation effect of heat insulation board. The air suction bag can prolong the holding time of the vacuum degree of the heat insulation bag, and the service life of the heat insulation board is prolonged in the actual use process.
Aerogels have porous, ultra-light material properties, typically containing 98% air, and are used in insulation packages to provide a barrier to three pathways of heat transfer. The pore diameter of the air holes in the aerogel is small, the air molecules in the air holes lose the ability of free movement and are in an approximate vacuum state, heat transfer caused by convection is reduced, a large number of air hole walls block heat radiation transfer, and a heat conduction path is lengthened. The use of aerogel in polyurethane foam building panels can therefore further reduce the thermal conductivity of the insulation panels.
The inorganic fiber provides a framework structure for the heat insulation package, so that the vacuum degree can be ensured. The vacuum environment can reduce heat transfer, thereby realizing the heat insulation effect.
The black material acts as a blackbody radiator, and may be mixed with aerogel to act as a radiation absorber to reduce or inhibit heat or thermal energy transfer due to radiation.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the heat insulation board has the advantages of light weight, no corrosiveness and easy cutting of the polyurethane foam building board; by filling the aerogel in the protective outer shell of the barrier film and then wrapping the aerogel in the polyurethane foam, the polyurethane foam board with the encapsulated aerogel exhibits a thermal conductivity far lower than that of a traditional polyurethane foam board with a similar structure, and has excellent flame retardant property. The polyurethane foam insulation panels of the present invention are more suitable for use in insulation construction and for use in various insulation applications such as building insulation construction for business and residential applications, as well as in petroleum or natural gas refineries, chemical plants, automobiles, motor vehicles, boat hulls, and aerospace applications.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the insulation pack of FIG. 1;
in the drawing the view of the figure,
1-heat insulation board, 2-heat insulation package, 3-polyurethane foam core, 4-air suction package and 5-heat insulation material.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated, but is not limited, by the following examples.
The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; all raw materials are conventional in the technical field and are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The aerogel modified polyurethane foam heat insulation board 1 of the invention shown in figures 1 and 2 comprises a polyurethane foam core 3 and at least one heat insulation package 2, wherein the heat insulation package 2 is arranged inside the polyurethane foam core 3, the polyurethane foam wraps the heat insulation package 2, and the volume ratio of the heat insulation package 2 in the heat insulation board 1 is 10% -90%, preferably 30% -70%; the heat insulation package 2 comprises an outer shell surrounded by a barrier film with a gas barrier effect, the outer shell is filled with a heat insulation material 5 and at least one air suction package 4, the heat insulation material 5 comprises 1-60wt% of aerogel and 40-99wt% of inorganic fibers, preferably 15-60wt% of aerogel and 40-85wt% of inorganic fibers, or 25-60wt% of aerogel and 40-75wt% of inorganic fibers; the air suction bag 4 is filled with metal oxide, the metal oxide comprises calcium oxide, and the setting amount of the air suction bag 4 is according to the area of the heat insulation bag 2Determining that the suction bag is controlled to be less than or equal to 5g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The heat conduction coefficient of the heat insulation package 2 is 0.001-0.010w/m.k.
In some technical schemes, the barrier film is an aluminum foil composite film, preferably a glass fiber cloth/AL/PET/CPE composite film or a glass fiber cloth/AL/PET/NY/CPE composite film; the outer cover body of the air suction bag is made of a material with waterproof air permeability, preferably a high-density polyethylene material, preferably Tyvek DuPont paper; the metal oxide is filled in the outer package body;
in some embodiments, the metal oxide further comprises copper oxide, cerium oxide; the mass percentage of calcium oxide in the metal oxide is 98-99.5%, and the balance is copper oxide and/or cerium oxide, and the copper oxide and the cerium oxide are mixed in any proportion.
The aerogel, the inorganic fiber and the air suction bag are sealed in the outer shell of the heat insulation bag, and the outer shell is sealed in a vacuum way to improve the heat insulation effect; preferably, a decorative surface is compounded outside the polyurethane foam core, and preferably, the decorative surface is a film, coated paper, non-woven fabric, aluminum film pressed decorative surface or a stainless steel frame body.
The aerogel is selected from organic aerogel, polyimide aerogel or polyurethane aerogel, preferably silica aerogel; the inorganic fiber is selected from one or more of glass fiber, basalt fiber and ceramic fiber; preferably the polyurethane foam core contains a flame retardant.
In some embodiments, the thermal insulation material further comprises a black material, the black material being one or more of carbon black, iron oxide, and titanium pentoxide; the specific surface area of the black material is 10-360m 2 Preferably 70-150m 2 /g; the mass ratio of the black material in the heat insulation material is 0-10%, preferably 2-8% or 3-5%; the average granularity of the black material is less than or equal to 10um.
In some embodiments, the insulating material further comprises other materials selected from expanded perlite, precipitated silica, calcium carbonate, talc, or magnesium hydroxide;
the heat insulation bag or the air suction bag is cuboid, cube, sphere or cylinder.
The thickness of the heat insulation plate is 0.6cm-10cm, the thickness of the heat insulation bag is 0.49 cm-0.98 cm, the heat conductivity coefficient is less than or equal to 0.015w/m.k, the flame spread index is less than or equal to 30, and the smoke index is less than or equal to 300.
The preparation method of the aerogel modified polyurethane foam heat insulation board comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing a heat insulation bag: sealing the heat insulating material and the air suction bag in the barrier film to prepare a heat insulating bag;
2) Placing the heat insulation package in a heat insulation board preparation mould;
3) Pouring polyurethane liquid foam into a heat insulation plate preparation mold, and ensuring that the heat insulation bag is completely wrapped by foam materials; the polyurethane liquid foam contains a flame retardant which is a halogen flame retardant or a non-halogen flame retardant, preferably phosphotriester, diethyl hydroxyethyl phosphonate, triethyl phosphate, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or molybdenum oxide.
4) The foam material is allowed to harden and set to form the final product.
5) The heat insulation board is decorated, the decoration comprises the steps of coating color on the surface and compositing a decorative surface on the surface, and preferably, the decorative surface is a film, coated paper, non-woven fabric, aluminum film pressed decorative surface or a stainless steel frame body.
The aerogel-modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of the present invention was prepared according to the above-described method, and the raw materials and proportions thereof are shown in Table 1, and the air intake package g/m in Table 1 2 Refers to the mass of the air suction bag in each square meter of heat insulation bag.
The black materials of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 4 of the present invention used carbon black having a specific surface area of 80m 2 Carbon black/g, particle size 8um; the aerogel adopts silicon dioxide aerogel, the inorganic fiber adopts glass fiber cotton with the average fiber diameter of 3.5um, and the air suction bag contains 98 percent of calcium oxide, 1 percent of copper oxide and 1 percent of cerium oxide.
The prepared heat insulation board was prepared into 300mm×300mm small plates for testing the performance of the products, and the test results are shown in table 1:
flame spread index and smoke index according to astm e84 method for measuring the surface combustion properties of building materials,
the heat conductivity coefficient adopts ASTMC518-2017, a standard test method for measuring steady-state heat transfer characteristics by adopting a heat flow meter instrument method.
TABLE 1
When the aerogel in examples 2-6 is changed into polyimide aerogel or polyurethane aerogel, or the inorganic fiber is changed into basalt fiber or ceramic fiber, or the black material is changed into ferric oxide or titanium pentoxide, the product performance of the obtained heat insulation board is similar to that in examples 2-6 in table 1, and the heat conductivity coefficient is between 0.008 and 0.020 w/m.k.
It is generally difficult in the art to vary the thermal conductivity of a thermal shield by 0.001w/m.k, a variation of 0.001w/m.k being a significant variation in the art.
As can be seen from the comparison of comparative examples 1, 2, 3 and examples 1 to 6, the thermal conductivity of the product is further reduced and the thermal insulation performance is better after the heat insulation package and the air suction package are arranged.
As can be seen from the comparison of comparative example 3 and example 5, the addition of a black material to the insulating material can further reduce the thermal conductivity.
Comparative example 4 was compared with example 5, in which no air-aspiration bag was used in comparative example 4, and in which an air-aspiration bag was used in example 5, the two experimental samples had similar thermal conductivity, flame spread index, and smoke index. Aging treatment is carried out on two groups of experimental samples, and the aging experimental conditions are as follows: the sample is placed in an environment with 80 ℃ and 65% humidity for 30 days, and the temperature fluctuation range is ensured to be +/-2 ℃ and the humidity fluctuation range is ensured to be +/-5%.
The thermal conductivity after the aging treatment was measured, and the thermal conductivity change before and after the aging was compared, and the results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
| Experimental group | Heat conductivity w/m.k before aging | Thermal conductivity w/m.k after aging |
| Example 5 | 0.010 | 0.010 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.010 | 0.012 |
From the experimental results, it can be seen that the sample of example 5 containing the air suction bag has better anti-aging capability and longer service life than the sample of comparative example 4.
Claims (16)
1. An aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel, characterized in that: the heat insulation plate comprises a polyurethane foam core and at least one heat insulation bag, wherein the heat insulation bag is arranged in the polyurethane foam core, the polyurethane foam wraps the heat insulation bag, and the volume ratio of the heat insulation bag in the heat insulation plate is 10% -90%;
the heat insulation package comprises an outer shell body surrounded by a barrier film with a gas barrier function, wherein the outer shell body is filled with heat insulation materials and at least one gas suction package, and the heat insulation materials comprise 1-60wt% of aerogel and 40-99wt% of inorganic fibers;
the air suction bag is filled with metal oxide, the metal oxide comprises calcium oxide, the setting quantity of the air suction bag is determined according to the area of the heat insulation bag, and the air suction bag is controlled to be less than or equal to 5g/m 2 ；
The heat conduction coefficient of the heat insulation package is 0.001-0.010w/m.k.
2. The aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of claim 1, wherein: the volume ratio of the heat insulation bag in the heat insulation plate is 30-70%; the insulation material comprises 15-60wt% aerogel and 40-85wt% inorganic fiber.
3. The aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of claim 1, wherein:
the barrier film is an aluminum foil composite film;
the outer cover body of the air suction bag is made of a material with waterproof air permeability; the metal oxide is filled in the outer package body;
the metal oxide further comprises copper oxide and cerium oxide; the mass percentage of calcium oxide in the metal oxide is 98-99.5%, and the balance is copper oxide and/or cerium oxide, and the copper oxide and the cerium oxide are mixed in any proportion.
4. The aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of claim 3, wherein:
the barrier film is a glass fiber cloth/Al/PET/CPE composite film or a glass fiber cloth/Al/PET/NY/CPE composite film; the outer cover body of the air suction bag is made of high-density polyethylene material.
5. The aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of claim 1, wherein:
aerogel, inorganic fiber and inhale the gas bag and seal in the shell body of thermal-insulated package, and in the shell body evacuation seal in order to improve thermal-insulated effect.
6. The aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of claim 5, wherein:
the polyurethane foam core is externally compounded with a decorative surface, and the decorative surface is a film, coated paper, non-woven fabric, aluminum film pressed decorative surface or a stainless steel frame body.
7. The aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of claim 1, wherein:
the aerogel is selected from organic aerogels;
the inorganic fiber is selected from one or more of glass fiber, basalt fiber and ceramic fiber.
8. The aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of claim 1, wherein: the aerogel is silicon dioxide aerogel; the polyurethane foam core contains a flame retardant.
9. The aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of claim 1, wherein:
the heat insulation material also comprises a black material, wherein the black material is one or a mixture of more of carbon black, ferric oxide and titanium pentoxide;
the specific surface area of the black material is 10-360m 2 /g；
The mass ratio of the black material in the heat insulation material is 0% -10%;
the average granularity of the black material is less than or equal to 10um.
10. The aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of claim 9, wherein: the specific surface area of the black material is 70-150m 2 /g; the mass ratio of the black material in the heat insulation material is 2-8%.
11. The aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of claim 1, wherein: the thermal insulation material further comprises other materials selected from expanded perlite, precipitated silica, calcium carbonate, talc or magnesium hydroxide;
the heat insulation bag or the air suction bag is cuboid, cube, sphere or cylinder.
12. The aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the heat insulation plate is 0.6cm-10cm, the thickness of the heat insulation bag is 0.49 cm-0.98 cm, the heat conductivity coefficient is less than or equal to 0.015w/m.k, the flame spread index is less than or equal to 30, and the smoke index is less than or equal to 300.
13. The method of producing an aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of any of claims 1 to 12, comprising the steps of:
1) Preparing a heat insulation bag: sealing the heat insulating material and the air suction bag in the barrier film to prepare a heat insulating bag;
2) Placing the heat insulation package in a heat insulation board preparation mould;
3) Pouring polyurethane liquid foam into a heat insulation plate preparation mold, and ensuring that the heat insulation bag is completely wrapped by foam materials;
4) The foam material is allowed to harden and set to form the final product.
14. The method of manufacturing as claimed in claim 13, wherein: the polyurethane liquid foam contains a flame retardant, wherein the flame retardant is a halogen flame retardant or a non-halogen flame retardant.
15. The method of preparing as claimed in claim 14, wherein: the flame retardant is phosphotriester, diethyl hydroxyethyl phosphonate, triethyl phosphate, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or molybdenum oxide.
16. The method of manufacturing as claimed in claim 13, wherein: and 5) decorating the heat insulation plate, wherein the decoration comprises the steps of painting color on the surface and compositing a decorative surface on the surface.
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| PCT/CN2022/142998 WO2023185158A1 (en) | 2022-04-02 | 2022-12-28 | Processing apparatus for vacuum heat-insulating plate, aerogel-modified polyurethane foam thermal insulation plate, and preparation method therefor |
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