CN114634700A - Aerogel modified polyurethane foam heat insulation plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aerogel modified polyurethane foam heat insulation plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114634700A CN114634700A CN202210350058.3A CN202210350058A CN114634700A CN 114634700 A CN114634700 A CN 114634700A CN 202210350058 A CN202210350058 A CN 202210350058A CN 114634700 A CN114634700 A CN 114634700A
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- heat insulation
- bag
- aerogel
- polyurethane foam
- insulation
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008258 liquid foam Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- AZCUJQOIQYJWQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-) titanium(4+) trihydrate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].O.O.O AZCUJQOIQYJWQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- KXXHZVHYFQSELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-diethoxyphosphorylethanol Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(CCO)OCC KXXHZVHYFQSELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004775 Tyvek Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000690 Tyvek Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 phosphoric acid triester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006100 radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0095—Mixtures of at least two compounding ingredients belonging to different one-dot groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C44/12—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
- B29C44/1266—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements the preformed part being completely encapsulated, e.g. for packaging purposes or as reinforcement
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0085—Use of fibrous compounding ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/009—Use of pretreated compounding ingredients
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
- E04B1/803—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with vacuum spaces included in the slab
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2475/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2475/04—Polyurethanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2479/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08J2461/00 - C08J2477/00
- C08J2479/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08J2479/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
Abstract
The invention discloses an aerogel modified polyurethane foam heat insulation plate, which comprises a polyurethane foam core and at least one heat insulation bag, wherein the heat insulation bag is arranged in the polyurethane foam core, the polyurethane foam wraps the heat insulation bag, and the volume ratio of the heat insulation bag in the heat insulation plate is 10-90%; the heat insulation bag comprises an outer shell which is formed by enclosing a barrier film with a gas barrier effect, heat insulation materials and at least one gas absorption bag are filled in the outer shell, and the heat insulation materials comprise 1-60 wt% of aerogel and 40-99 wt% of inorganic fibers, preferably 15-60 wt% of aerogel and 40-85 wt% of inorganic fibers, or 25-60 wt% of aerogel and 40-75 wt% of inorganic fibers; the air suction bag is filled with metal oxide comprising calcium oxide, the setting amount of the air suction bag is determined according to the area of the heat insulation bag, and the air suction bag is controlled to be less than or equal to 5g/m2. The heat insulation board has the advantages of low heat conductivity coefficient, good heat insulation performance and long service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat insulation plates, in particular to an aerogel modified polyurethane foam heat insulation plate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Building panels refer to insulation structures for commercial and residential use, and are typically composite panels based on fiberglass or polyurethane foam. The rigid polyurethane foam is a high molecular polymer prepared by mixing isocyanate and polyether serving as main raw materials through special equipment under the action of various auxiliary agents such as a foaming agent, a catalyst, a flame retardant and the like and performing high-pressure spraying and on-site foaming. Polyurethane has good heat insulation performance, generally, the heat conductivity coefficient of the polyurethane foam building board on the market is 0.022-0.024W/m.K, and the polyurethane foam building board is light, non-corrosive and easy to cut, and can also have excellent flame retardance, smoke diffusion resistance and mechanical performance through chemical modification. However, the heat-insulating property of the existing polyurethane foam building panel cannot meet the requirements of some occasions with high requirements on heat-insulating property, and due to the requirements of heat preservation in winter, heat insulation in summer and fire prevention and flame retardance, the building industry needs the building panel with better heat-insulating property; heat insulation panels having more excellent heat insulation properties and flame retardancy are also required in the fields of petroleum or natural gas refineries, chemical plants, automobiles, motor cars, ship hulls, aerospace, and the like. Through modifying polyurethane foam, the heat conductivity coefficient of polyurethane foam is reduced as far as possible, and meanwhile, the flame retardant property is not influenced, so that the high requirements of the fields on building boards are met.
Aerogel is a porous, ultra-light weight material, typically made by a sol-gel process. Aerogel is an excellent insulator, typically containing 98% air, and has very small pore sizes, only 10-40 nm. Aerogels, such as silica aerogels, are hydrophilic in nature because they possess a sponge-like nanostructure, the surface area of a block of ice-sized aerogel, which is as large as a half football field, is large enough to adsorb many water molecules; in addition, the surface of the aerogel structure is covered with oxy-hydrogen groups which can adsorb water molecules; it can be made hydrophobic and moisture-proof by chemical treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides an aerogel modified polyurethane foam thermal insulation board with low thermal conductivity and long service life.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an aerogel modified polyurethane foam thermal insulation board comprises a polyurethane foam core and at least one thermal insulation bag, wherein the thermal insulation bag is arranged in the polyurethane foam core, the polyurethane foam wraps the thermal insulation bag, and the volume ratio of the thermal insulation bag in the thermal insulation board is 10% -90%, preferably 30% -70%;
the heat insulation bag comprises an outer shell which is formed by enclosing a barrier film with a gas barrier effect, the inner part of the outer shell is filled with a heat insulation material and at least one gas absorption bag, and the heat insulation material comprises 1-60 wt% of aerogel and 40-99 wt% of inorganic fibers, preferably 15-60 wt% of aerogel and 40-85 wt% of inorganic fibers, or 25-60 wt% of aerogel and 40-75 wt% of inorganic fibers;
the air suction bag is filled with metal oxide, the metal oxide comprises calcium oxide, the setting amount of the air suction bag is determined according to the area of the heat insulation bag, and the air suction bag is controlled to be less than or equal to 5g/m2；
The heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation bag is 0.001-0.010 w/m.k.
Preferably, the barrier film is an aluminum foil composite film, preferably a glass fiber cloth/AL/PET/CPE composite film or a glass fiber cloth/AL/PET/NY/CPE composite film;
the outer packaging body of the air suction bag is made of a material with waterproof and air-permeable properties, preferably a high-density polyethylene material, and preferably Tyvek DuPont paper; the metal oxide is filled in the outer packaging body;
the metal oxide further comprises copper oxide and cerium oxide; the metal oxide contains 98-99.5% of calcium oxide by mass and the balance of copper oxide and/or cerium oxide, and the copper oxide and the cerium oxide are mixed in any proportion.
Preferably, the aerogel, the inorganic fibers and the air suction bag are sealed in an outer shell of the heat insulation bag, and the outer shell is vacuumized and sealed to improve the heat insulation effect;
preferably, the polyurethane foam core is externally compounded with a decorative surface, and the decorative surface is preferably a film, coated paper, non-woven fabric, an aluminum film pressing surface or a stainless steel frame body.
Preferably, the aerogel is selected from an organic aerogel, a polyimide aerogel or a polyurethane aerogel, preferably a silica aerogel; the inorganic fiber is selected from one or more of glass fiber, basalt fiber and ceramic fiber; preferably, the polyurethane foam core contains a flame retardant.
Preferably, the heat insulation material further comprises a black material, wherein the black material is one or a mixture of carbon black, iron oxide and titanium pentoxide;
the specific surface area of the black material is 10-360m2Per g, preferably from 70 to 150m2/g；
The mass ratio of the black material in the heat insulation material is 0-10%, preferably 2-8% or 3-5%;
the average particle size of the black material is less than or equal to 10 um.
Preferably, the insulating material further comprises other materials selected from expanded perlite, precipitated silica, calcium carbonate, talc or magnesium hydroxide;
the heat insulation bag or the air suction bag is cuboid, cubic, spherical or cylindrical.
The thickness of the heat insulation plate is 0.6cm-10cm, the thickness of the heat insulation bag is 0.49-0.98cm, the heat conductivity coefficient is less than or equal to 0.015w/m.k, the flame spread index is less than or equal to 30, and the smoke index is less than or equal to 300.
The preparation method of the aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation board comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a heat insulation bag: sealing a heat insulation material and a suction bag in a barrier film to prepare a heat insulation bag;
2) placing the heat insulation bag in a heat insulation plate preparation mold;
3) pouring the polyurethane liquid foam into a heat insulation plate preparation mold, and ensuring that the heat insulation bag is completely wrapped by the foam material;
4) allowing the foam to harden and set to form the final product.
In the above preparation method, the polyurethane liquid foam contains a flame retardant which is a halogen flame retardant or a non-halogen flame retardant, preferably a triester phosphate, diethyl hydroxyethylphosphonate, triethyl phosphate, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or molybdenum oxide.
Preferably, the preparation method further comprises the step 5) of decorating the heat insulation plate, wherein the decoration comprises the steps of coating colors on the surface and compounding a decorative surface on the surface, and the decorative surface is preferably a film, coated paper, non-woven fabric, an aluminum film laminated surface or a stainless steel frame body.
The thermal-insulated package is sealed in order to improve thermal-insulated effect through the evacuation, and in the use, a small amount of gas can see through in the gas barrier film slowly permeates the thermal-insulated package, and sealed material in inside also can slowly release gas along with time, and when vacuum reduces gradually in the thermal-insulated package, the air heat conduction effect of bringing can make coefficient of heat conductivity increase to reduce the thermal-insulated effect of heat insulating board. The air suction bag can prolong the maintaining time of the vacuum degree of the heat insulation bag, and the service life of the heat insulation plate is prolonged in the actual use process.
Aerogels have porous, ultra-light material properties, typically containing 98% air, and are used in insulation packs to block three paths of heat transfer. The pore diameter of the pores in the aerogel is small, air molecules in the pores lose the ability of free movement and are in a condition similar to vacuum, heat transfer caused by convection is reduced, a large number of pore walls block the transfer of heat radiation, and a heat conduction path is lengthened. The use of aerogels in polyurethane foam building panels can therefore further reduce the thermal conductivity of the insulation panels.
The inorganic fiber provides a skeleton structure to the heat insulation pack, and can ensure the vacuum degree. The vacuum environment can reduce heat transmission, thereby realizing the heat insulation effect.
The black material acts as a black body radiator and may be mixed with the aerogel to act as a radiation absorber to reduce or inhibit the transfer of heat or thermal energy due to radiation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the heat insulation board has the advantages of light weight, no corrosion and easy cutting of the polyurethane foam building board; through pack the aerogel in polyurethane foam again in blocking film protective housing, the coefficient of heat conductivity that polyurethane foam board with encapsulation aerogel demonstrates is far less than the traditional polyurethane foam board of similar structure, has possessed excellent flame retardant property simultaneously. The polyurethane foam insulation panel of the present invention is more suitable for use in insulation structures and can be used in a variety of insulation applications, such as commercial and residential building insulation structures, as well as in oil or gas refineries, chemical plants, automobiles, motor cars, boat hulls, the aerospace field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulating panel of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the insulation pack of FIG. 1;
in the figure, the position of the upper end of the main shaft,
1-heat insulation board, 2-heat insulation bag, 3-polyurethane foam core, 4-air suction bag and 5-heat insulation material.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
The experimental procedures in the following examples are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified; the raw materials are conventional in the technical field and can be obtained commercially if not specified.
The aerogel modified polyurethane foam thermal insulation board 1 shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises a polyurethane foam core 3 and at least one thermal insulation bag 2, wherein the thermal insulation bag 2 is arranged inside the polyurethane foam core 3, the polyurethane foam wraps the thermal insulation bag 2, and the volume ratio of the thermal insulation bag 2 in the thermal insulation board 1 is 10-90%, preferably 30-70%; the heat insulation bag 2 comprises an outer shell which is formed by enclosing a barrier film with a gas barrier effect, the outer shell is filled with a heat insulation material 5 and at least one gas absorption bag 4, the heat insulation material 5 comprises 1-60 wt% of aerogel and 40-99 wt% of inorganic fibers, preferably 15-60 wt% of aerogel and 40-85 wt% of inorganic fibers, or 25-60 wt% of aerogel and 40-75 wt% of inorganic fibers; the air suction bag 4 is filled with metal oxide, the metal oxide comprises calcium oxide, the setting amount of the air suction bag 4 is determined according to the area of the heat insulation bag 2, and the air suction bag is controlled to be less than or equal to 5g/m2(ii) a The heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation package 2 is 0.001-0.010 w/m.k.
In some technical schemes, the barrier film is an aluminum foil composite film, preferably a glass fiber cloth/AL/PET/CPE composite film or a glass fiber cloth/AL/PET/NY/CPE composite film; the outer packaging body of the air suction bag is made of a material with waterproof and air-permeable performances, preferably a high-density polyethylene material, and preferably Tyvek DuPont paper; the metal oxide is filled in the outer packaging body;
in some embodiments, the metal oxide further comprises copper oxide, cerium oxide; the metal oxide contains 98-99.5% of calcium oxide by mass and the balance of copper oxide and/or cerium oxide, wherein the copper oxide and the cerium oxide are mixed in any proportion.
The aerogel, the inorganic fibers and the air suction bag are sealed in an outer shell of the heat insulation bag, and the outer shell is vacuumized and sealed to improve the heat insulation effect; preferably, the polyurethane foam core is externally compounded with a decorative surface, and the decorative surface is preferably a film, coated paper, non-woven fabric, an aluminum film pressing surface or a stainless steel frame body.
The aerogel is selected from organic aerogel, polyimide aerogel or polyurethane aerogel, preferably silicon dioxide aerogel; the inorganic fiber is selected from one or more of glass fiber, basalt fiber and ceramic fiber; preferably, the polyurethane foam core contains a flame retardant.
In some technical schemes, the heat insulation material also comprises a black material, wherein the black material is one or a mixture of carbon black, iron oxide and titanium pentoxide; the specific surface area of the black material is 10-360m2Per g, preferably from 70 to 150m2(ii)/g; the mass ratio of the black material in the heat insulation material is 0-10%, preferably 2-8% or 3-5%; the average particle size of the black material is less than or equal to 10 um.
In some embodiments, the insulating material further comprises an additional material selected from expanded perlite, precipitated silica, calcium carbonate, talc, or magnesium hydroxide;
the heat insulation bag or the air suction bag is cuboid, cubic, spherical or cylindrical.
The thickness of the heat insulation plate is 0.6cm-10cm, the thickness of the heat insulation bag is 0.49-0.98cm, the heat conductivity coefficient is less than or equal to 0.015w/m.k, the flame spread index is less than or equal to 30, and the smoke index is less than or equal to 300.
The preparation method of the aerogel modified polyurethane foam thermal insulation board comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a heat insulation bag: sealing a heat insulation material and a suction bag in a barrier film to prepare a heat insulation bag;
2) placing the heat insulation bag in a heat insulation plate preparation mold;
3) pouring the polyurethane liquid foam into a heat insulation plate preparation mold, and ensuring that the heat insulation bag is completely wrapped by the foam material; the polyurethane liquid foam contains a flame retardant, and the flame retardant is a halogen flame retardant or a non-halogen flame retardant, preferably phosphoric acid triester, diethyl hydroxyethylphosphonate, triethyl phosphate, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or molybdenum oxide.
4) Allowing the foam to harden and set to form the final product.
5) And decorating the heat insulation plate, wherein the decoration comprises the steps of coating colors on the surface and compounding a decorative surface on the surface, and preferably, the decorative surface is a film, coated paper, non-woven fabric, an aluminum film laminated surface or a stainless steel frame body.
The invention was prepared according to the method described aboveThe raw materials and the proportion of the aerogel modified polyurethane foam thermal insulation board are shown in the table 1, and the air suction bag g/m in the table 12Refers to the mass of the air suction bag in each square meter of the heat insulation bag.
The black materials of examples 1 to 6 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 4 used carbon black having a specific surface area of 80m2Carbon black in a/g particle size of 8 um; the aerogel adopts silicon dioxide aerogel, the inorganic fiber adopts glass fiber cotton with the average fiber diameter of 3.5um, and the air suction bag contains 98 percent of calcium oxide, 1 percent of copper oxide and 1 percent of cerium oxide.
The prepared heat insulation plate is prepared into a small plate with the size of 300mm multiplied by 300mm to be tested to detect the product performance, and the detection results are shown in table 1:
the flame spread index and the smoke index were measured according to ASTM E84 "method for measuring surface flammability of building materials",
the thermal conductivity was measured by ASTMC518-2017 Standard test method for measuring the Steady State Heat transfer characteristics by Heat flow Meter method.
TABLE 1
When the aerogel in the embodiment 2-6 is replaced by polyimide aerogel or polyurethane aerogel, or the inorganic fiber is replaced by basalt fiber or ceramic fiber, or the black material is replaced by iron oxide or titanium pentoxide, the product performance of the obtained thermal insulation board is similar to that of the product in the embodiment 2-6 in the table 1, and the thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.008-0.020 w/m.k.
It is generally difficult to vary the thermal conductivity of an insulating board by 0.001w/m.k, which is a significant variation in the art.
As can be seen from comparison among comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 and examples 1 to 6, the thermal conductivity of the product is further reduced and the thermal insulation performance is better when the heat insulation pack and the suction pack are provided.
As can be seen from the comparison of comparative example 3 and example 5, the addition of the black material to the heat insulating material can further reduce the thermal conductivity.
Comparative example 4 is compared with example 5, no air suction bag is used in comparative example 4, an air suction bag is used in example 5, and two groups of experimental samples have similar thermal conductivity, flame spread index and smoke index. And (3) carrying out aging treatment on the two groups of experimental samples, wherein the aging experimental conditions are as follows: the sample is placed in an environment with the temperature of 80 ℃ and the humidity of 65 percent for 30 days, and the temperature fluctuation range is ensured to be +/-2 ℃ and the humidity fluctuation range is ensured to be +/-5 percent.
The thermal conductivity was measured after the aging treatment, and the change in thermal conductivity before and after aging was compared, with the results shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
| Experimental group | Thermal conductivity w/m.k before aging | Heat conductivity coefficient w/m.k after aging |
| Example 5 | 0.010 | 0.010 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.010 | 0.012 |
From the experimental results, it can be seen that the sample of example 5 containing the air-breathing bag has better aging resistance and longer service life than the sample of comparative example 4.
Claims (10)
1. An aerogel modified polyurethane foam heat insulation board is characterized in that: the insulation board comprises a polyurethane foam core and at least one insulation bag, wherein the insulation bag is arranged in the polyurethane foam core, the polyurethane foam wraps the insulation bag, and the volume ratio of the insulation bag in the insulation board is 10% -90%, preferably 30% -70%;
the heat insulation bag comprises an outer shell which is formed by enclosing a barrier film with a gas barrier effect, the inner part of the outer shell is filled with a heat insulation material and at least one gas absorption bag, and the heat insulation material comprises 1-60 wt% of aerogel and 40-99 wt% of inorganic fibers, preferably 15-60 wt% of aerogel and 40-85 wt% of inorganic fibers, or 25-60 wt% of aerogel and 40-75 wt% of inorganic fibers;
the air suction bag is filled with metal oxide, the metal oxide comprises calcium oxide, the setting amount of the air suction bag is determined according to the area of the heat insulation bag, and the air suction bag is controlled to be less than or equal to 5g/m2；
The heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation bag is 0.001-0.010 w/m.k.
2. The aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of claim 1, wherein:
the barrier film is an aluminum foil composite film, preferably a glass fiber cloth/AL/PET/CPE composite film or a glass fiber cloth/AL/PET/NY/CPE composite film;
the outer packaging body of the air suction bag is made of a material with waterproof and air-permeable performances, preferably a high-density polyethylene material, and preferably Tyvek DuPont paper; the metal oxide is filled in the outer packaging body;
the metal oxide further comprises copper oxide and cerium oxide; the metal oxide contains 98-99.5% of calcium oxide by mass and the balance of copper oxide and/or cerium oxide, and the copper oxide and the cerium oxide are mixed in any proportion.
3. The aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of claim 1, wherein:
the aerogel, the inorganic fibers and the air suction bag are sealed in an outer shell of the heat insulation bag, and the outer shell is vacuumized and sealed to improve the heat insulation effect;
preferably, the polyurethane foam core is externally compounded with a decorative surface, and the decorative surface is preferably a film, coated paper, non-woven fabric, an aluminum film laminated surface or a stainless steel frame.
4. The aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of claim 1, wherein:
the aerogel is selected from organic aerogel, polyimide aerogel or polyurethane aerogel, preferably silicon dioxide aerogel;
the inorganic fiber is selected from one or more of glass fiber, basalt fiber and ceramic fiber;
preferably, the polyurethane foam core contains a flame retardant.
5. The aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of claim 1, wherein:
the heat insulation material also comprises a black material, wherein the black material is one or a mixture of carbon black, iron oxide and titanium pentoxide;
the specific surface area of the black material is 10-360m2Per g, preferably from 70 to 150m2/g；
The mass ratio of the black material in the heat insulation material is 0-10%, preferably 2-8% or 3-5%;
the average particle size of the black material is less than or equal to 10 um.
6. The aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of claim 1, wherein: the insulation material further comprises other materials selected from expanded perlite, precipitated silica, calcium carbonate, talc or magnesium hydroxide;
the heat insulation bag or the air suction bag is cuboid, cubic, spherical or cylindrical.
7. The aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the heat insulation plate is 0.6-10 cm, the thickness of the heat insulation bag is 0.49-0.98cm, the heat conductivity coefficient is less than or equal to 0.015w/m.k, the flame spread index is less than or equal to 30, and the smoke index is less than or equal to 300.
8. The method for preparing an aerogel modified polyurethane foam insulation panel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
1) preparing a heat insulation bag: sealing a heat insulation material and a suction bag in a barrier film to prepare a heat insulation bag;
2) placing the heat insulation bag in a heat insulation plate preparation mold;
3) pouring the polyurethane liquid foam into a heat insulation plate preparation mold, and ensuring that the heat insulation bag is completely wrapped by the foam material;
4) allowing the foam to harden and set to form the final product.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein: the polyurethane liquid foam contains a flame retardant, and the flame retardant is a halogen flame retardant or a non-halogen flame retardant, preferably phosphoric acid triester, diethyl hydroxyethylphosphonate, triethyl phosphate, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or molybdenum oxide.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein: the method also comprises the step 5) of decorating the heat insulation plate, wherein the decoration comprises the steps of coating colors on the surface and compounding a decorative surface on the surface, and preferably, the decorative surface is a film, coated paper, non-woven fabric, an aluminum film laminated surface or a stainless steel frame body.
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| PCT/CN2022/142998 WO2023185158A1 (en) | 2022-04-02 | 2022-12-28 | Processing apparatus for vacuum heat-insulating plate, aerogel-modified polyurethane foam thermal insulation plate, and preparation method therefor |
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