EP2732074B1 - Aluminiumschmelzer mit zellen mit einem kathodenauslass durch den boden des gehäuses und mittel zur stabilisierung der zellen - Google Patents

Aluminiumschmelzer mit zellen mit einem kathodenauslass durch den boden des gehäuses und mittel zur stabilisierung der zellen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2732074B1
EP2732074B1 EP12748725.4A EP12748725A EP2732074B1 EP 2732074 B1 EP2732074 B1 EP 2732074B1 EP 12748725 A EP12748725 A EP 12748725A EP 2732074 B1 EP2732074 B1 EP 2732074B1
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Prior art keywords
electrolytic cell
cathode
electrolytic
short
electrolysis
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EP12748725.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2732074A2 (de
Inventor
Olivier Martin
Steeve RENAUDIER
Benoit BARDET
Christian Duval
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Rio Tinto Alcan International Ltd
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Rio Tinto Alcan International Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/16—Electric current supply devices, e.g. bus bars

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plant for producing aluminum from alumina by electrolysis, also known as an aluminum smelter.
  • an electrolytic cell composed in particular of a steel box, a refractory lining, and a cathode made of carbon material, connected to conductors used to carry the electrolysis current.
  • the electrolytic cell also contains an electrolytic bath consisting in particular of cryolite in which is dissolved alumina.
  • the Hall-Héroult process consists in partially immersing a carbon block constituting the anode in this electrolytic bath, the anode being consumed as and when the reaction progresses.
  • At the bottom of the electrolytic cell is deposited by gravity liquid aluminum, produced by the electrolysis reaction, which forms a sheet of liquid aluminum which completely covers the cathode.
  • aluminum production plants include several hundred electrolysis vessels connected in series in halls. These electrolysis tanks are traversed by an electrolysis current of the order of several hundreds of thousands of amperes, which creates significant magnetic fields. Depending on the distribution of the various components of the magnetic field in the tank, the aluminum sheet can be unstable, which greatly degrades the efficiency of the tank. It is known in particular that the vertical component of the magnetic field is a determining factor for the stability of an electrolytic cell.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates, seen from above, a tank 100 of electrolysis in which the magnetic field is self-compensated by the arrangement of the conductors 101 connecting the tank N 100 to the next tank N + 1 downstream 102.
  • conductors 101 are eccentric with respect to the tank 100 and bypass.
  • Such a method magnetic self-compensation is in particular known from the patent document FR2469475 .
  • the figure 2 shows an electrolytic tank 200 belonging to the state of the art, traversed by an electrolysis current I 200 .
  • the electrolysis tank 200 has an anode 201, a box 202 containing in particular an electrolytic bath 203, a liquid aluminum sheet 204 and a cathode 205.
  • the horizontal currents are important in the particularly conductive media. This is particularly the case when the electrolysis current I 200 traverses the sheet of liquid aluminum 204.
  • the present invention aims to remedy all or part of these disadvantages, by proposing an aluminum smelter in which the stability of the liquids contained in the electrolysis tanks is improved, and having costs of design, manufacture and operation lower.
  • the invention makes it possible to improve the stability of the electrolysis tanks in the smelter by acting on both the horizontal currents passing through the tanks and on the magnetic field generated by the electrolysis current and / or the stability kinetics of the aluminum sheet contained in the tanks. It simultaneously allows a reduction in the bulk and mass of conductors carrying the electrolysis current from one tank to another, and therefore a reduction in costs associated with the design and manufacture of the aluminum smelter according to the invention. The energy losses are further reduced.
  • the electrolytic cells are aligned along an axis, and in that the electrical conductor extends substantially rectilinearly and substantially parallel to the alignment axis. electrolysis tanks.
  • each cathode further comprises at least one cathode outlet passing through the downstream side wall of the box.
  • This characteristic has the advantage of further reducing the size and weight of the electrical conductors carrying the electrolysis current from one tank to another.
  • This cathodic output passes through the side wall of the chamber of the vessel N at its downstream side, in order to respect the characteristic that each electrical conductor extends in the direction of the vessel N + 1, in an upstream-downstream direction only. Due to the proximity of the downstream side of the tank N and the tank N + 1, the length of the electrical conductor connecting this cathodic output to the anode of the tank N + 1 is less than that of an electrical conductor connecting a cathodic outlet from the bottom of the tank N to the anode of the tank N + 1.
  • this embodiment has the advantage of a reduction in the size and the length of the electrical conductors with respect to an embodiment of the aluminum plant according to the invention in which the tanks comprise cathode outlets by the background only.
  • each downstream cathode output passing through the side wall of the box of the electrolysis vessel N comprises a metal bar, more particularly formed of steel, with an insert or a copper plate.
  • the casing of the electrolysis cell N comprises a plurality of arches fixed to the side wall and to the bottom of the casing, the electrical conductors connected to each cathode outlet passing through the bottom of the casing of the electrolysis cell N extending between the hoops.
  • This feature has the advantage of reducing the bulk of the electrical conductors carrying the electrolysis current from one tank to another.
  • the electrolysis cells comprise short-circuiting means.
  • the short-circuiting means make it possible to short-circuit an electrolysis cell with a view to removing it for maintenance operations, while continuing the exploitation of the other tanks of the series.
  • the short-circuiting means of the N + 1 electrolysis cell comprise at least one short-circuiting electrical conductor permanently placed between the electrolysis cell N and the electrolysis cell N + 1, each electrical conductor short-circuiting circuit being electrically connected to one of the electrical conductors connected to a cathodic outlet of the tank passing through the bottom of the chamber of the electrolysis cell N + 1, and each short-circuiting electrical conductor being located at a short distance from one of the electrical conductors connected to one of the cathode outlets of the reactor vessel; electrolysis N.
  • the short-circuiting means of the N + 1 electrolysis cell comprise at least one short-circuiting electrical conductor permanently placed between the electrolysis cell N and the electrolytic cell N + 1, each short-circuiting electrical conductor being electrically connected to one of the electrical conductors connected to a cathode output of the tank passing through the bottom of the chamber of the electrolysis cell N, and each short electrical conductor circuit being located at a short distance from one of the electrical conductors connected to one of the cathode outputs of the electrolysis vessel N + 1.
  • the short distance between the shorting conductor and the other conductor forms locations for the introduction of shorting chocks.
  • These shims can be introduced from above or from below in the second case.
  • At least one secondary electric circuit comprises electrical conductors along the right side and / or the left side of the electrolytic cells of at least one row of electrolysis cells.
  • the at least one secondary electrical circuit comprises electrical conductors extending along at least one row of electrolytic cells, under said electrolysis cells.
  • the electrical conductors of the at least one secondary electrical circuit are of superconducting material. This makes it possible to reduce the voltage drop at which each secondary circuit is subjected, which allows energy savings and to use a substation for supplying each secondary circuit of lower power, which is therefore less expensive. This feature also reduces material costs, compared to aluminum or copper conductors. It finally makes it possible to reduce the size of the electrical conductors, which results in a saving of space in the aluminum smelter.
  • the electrical conductor of the at least one secondary electrical circuit runs at least twice the electrolytic cells of the one or more rows.
  • This characteristic offers the possibility of reducing the intensity of the current flowing through this secondary circuit in order to achieve energy savings.
  • the figure 3 shows an aluminum smelter 1 comprising a plurality of electrolysis tanks 2.
  • the electrolysis tanks 2 may for example be rectangular. They then have two long sides 2a corresponding to their length and two small sides 2b corresponding to their width.
  • each tank 2 can be divided into a left side and a right side.
  • Left side and right side are defined with respect to an observer placed at the level of the main electrical circuit 4 and looking in the overall direction of routing of the electrolysis current I 1 .
  • each tank 2 can be divided into an upstream side and a downstream side.
  • the upstream side corresponds to the long side 2a of a tank 2 adjacent to the tank 2 above, that is to say that first traversed by the electrolysis current I 1 .
  • the downstream side corresponds to the long side 2a of a tank 2 adjacent to the next tank 2, that is to say that then traveled by the electrolysis current I 1 .
  • upstream and downstream are defined with respect to the overall flow direction of the electrolysis current I 1 .
  • the tanks 2 are aligned along two parallel axes, so as to form a file F and a file F '.
  • Each file F, F ' may comprise for example one hundred tanks 2.
  • the lines F and F' are electrically connected in series with each other.
  • the tanks 2 are electrically connected in series with each other.
  • a series of tanks 2, which can contain several rows F, F ', is connected at its ends to a supply substation 3.
  • the electrolysis current I 1 travels the tanks 2 one after the other, defining a circuit main electric 4.
  • the electrolysis tanks 2 are arranged so that their long sides 2a are perpendicular to their alignment axis.
  • the aluminum smelter 1 comprises two secondary electrical circuits 5 and 6 separate from the main electric circuit 4.
  • the secondary electrical circuits 5 and 6 are respectively traversed by electric currents I 2 and I 3 .
  • the value of the intensity of the electric currents I 2 and I 3 is between 20% and 100% of that of the intensity of the electrolysis current I 1 and preferably between 40% and 70%, and more particularly about half.
  • the routing direction of the electric currents I 2 and I 3 is advantageously the same as the direction of routing of the electrolysis current I 1 .
  • the secondary electrical circuits 5 and 6 can each be connected to a respective power substation 20 and 21, distinct from the power substation 3, as can be seen for example on the figure 15 or on the figure 16 .
  • the secondary electrical circuits 5 and 6 are formed by electrical conductors arranged parallel to the alignment axes of the tanks 2. They follow the right and left sides of the electrolysis tanks 2 of each row F, F 'of the series. The secondary electrical circuits 5 and 6 can also pass wholly or partly under the electrolysis tanks 2.
  • cathode blocks 8 having a crenellated upper face, as is visible on the Figures 17 to 21 .
  • the upper face of these cathode blocks 8 comprises at least one channel 8a extending longitudinally over at least a portion of the length of the cathode blocks 8.
  • the upper surface of the crenals is covered by the aluminum sheet and the channels 8a are therefore occupied by the aluminum sheet 11 which is formed during the electrolysis reaction.
  • the height of the aluminum sheet above the upper surface of the crenellations is in particular between 3 and 20 cm.
  • Each electrolysis tank 2 may contain a plurality of cathode blocks 8 placed next to one another.
  • channels 8a on the upper face of one or more of these cathode blocks 8 it is possible to provide an inclined upper face, so that the cathode blocks 8 placed next to one another form channels 8b, as this is schematically represented on the figure 19 .
  • Such cathodic blocks with a crenellated upper surface are in particular known from the patent document US5683559 .
  • the upper face of these cathode blocks 8 provided with longitudinal channels 8a may also comprise a transverse central channel 8c, extending at least partially over the width of the cathode blocks 8.
  • the central channel 8c thus crosses the channel or channels 8a extending at least partially along the length of the cathode blocks 8.
  • the cathode block 8 comprises on its upper face a central channel 8c arranged perpendicular to the channels 8a extending substantially parallel to the length of the cathode block 8.
  • an electrolysis tank 2 comprises a metal box 7, for example steel.
  • the metal box 7 has a side wall 7a and a bottom 7b. It is lined internally by refractory materials (not visible).
  • the electrolysis tank 2 also comprises a cathode formed of cathode blocks 8 made of carbonaceous material and anodes 9 made of carbon material as well.
  • the anodes 9 are intended to be consumed as and when the electrolysis reaction in an electrolytic bath 13 including cryolite and alumina.
  • the anodes 9 are connected to a supporting structure by rods 10. During the electrolysis reaction, a sheet 11 of liquid aluminum is formed.
  • the cathode comprises cathode outlets 12 passing through the caisson 7.
  • the cathode outlets 12 are formed for example by metal bars fixed on the cathode blocks 8.
  • the cathode outlets 12 are themselves connected to electrical conductors 14 for conveying the cathode. electrolysis current I 1 from the cathode outlets 12 of a tank N (the one on the left on the figure 4 ) to the anodes 9 of an N + 1 tank (the one on the right on the figure 4 ).
  • the electrolysis current I 1 passes first through the anode 9 of the tank N, then the electrolytic bath 13, the sheet 11 of liquid aluminum, the cathode, the cathode outlets 12 and the electrical conductors 14 which convey it. then to the anode 9 of the next vessel N + 1.
  • the cathode outputs 12 advantageously cross the bottom 7b of the box 7. This reduces the horizontal electric currents to improve the efficiency of the tanks 2. Indeed, for a the same mass of steel used for the horizontal part under the anodes of the cathodic output, the overall current density is decreased and thus the potential drop. Also, the current lines tend to extend substantially rectilinearly, and thus vertically in the aluminum sheet as naturally between the anodes and the electrical conductors.
  • the figure 7 shows for this purpose the current lines running through an electrolysis tank 2. Note that horizontal electric currents, in particular in the sheet 11 of liquid aluminum, are substantially reduced compared with those of the figure 2 .
  • the electrical conductors 14 extend rectilinearly and parallel to the axis of alignment of the electrolysis tanks 2 from the cathode outlets 12 of the tank N towards the tank N + 1 so to be traversed during the operation of the electrolytic cells 2 N, N + 1 by the electrolysis current only in an upstream-downstream direction.
  • the upstream-downstream direction corresponds to the overall flow direction of the electrolysis current I 1 .
  • the electrical conductors 14 connected to the cathode outlets 12 passing through the bottom 7b of the box 7 do not extend under the entire width of the box 7 of the tank N; there is no complete crossing of an electrolysis tank 2 under its box 7 or on the sides of the box by an electrical conductor 14. In particular, they do not pass through the plane containing the upstream side wall of the box 7 of the vessel N.
  • the rectilinear extension only downstream parallel to the axis of alignment of the electrolysis tanks 2 constitutes the shortest electrical path that can connect a cathode outlet of the tank N, passing through the bottom 7b of the box 7 of this tank N, up to the anode 9 of the next tank N + 1.
  • the electrolysis current I 1 flowing through the tank N passes through the cathode outlets 12 and the electrical conductors 14 connected to the cathode outlets 12.
  • the electrolysis current I 1 by traversing the electrical conductors 14 is conveyed in a straight line parallel to the axis of alignment of the tanks 2 towards the next tank N + 1. This allows in particular to save energy.
  • this arrangement makes it possible to limit the space in the vicinity of the electrolysis tanks 2. It then becomes possible to reduce the distance between two adjacent tanks 2 to increase the space available in the aluminum smelter 1, for example to add additional electrolysis tanks 2 or reduce the size of buildings.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show a sectional view of an electrolysis cell 2 according to one embodiment of the invention, respectively along the line II and the line II-II of the figure 4 .
  • the box 7 of a tank 2 is supported by a plurality of arches 15.
  • the arches 15 are arranged around the box 7.
  • the arches 15 are fixed against the side wall 7a and the bottom 7b of the box 7. They are arranged parallel to each other.
  • a space delimited between two consecutive arches 15 is advantageously occupied by the electrical conductors 14.
  • the electrical conductors 14 can connect the cathode outlets 12 in pairs.
  • the figure 8 schematically shows the top of a tank N (left on the figure 8 ), placed upstream, and a tank N + 1 (on the right on the figure 8 ), placed downstream, according to the embodiment of the figure 4 .
  • the figure 9 shows a sectional view along line III-III of the figure 8 .
  • the secondary electrical circuits 5 and 6, arranged parallel to the short sides 2b of the electrolysis tanks 2, are visible.
  • the electrical conductors 14 which extend in a straight line towards the tank N + 1.
  • the arches 15 fixed on the side wall 7b of the box 7 of the tank N and between which the electrical conductors 14 extend.
  • the cathode outlets 12 may be aligned along an axis parallel to the long sides 2a of the tank 2d. electrolysis, as is visible in dashed lines on the figure 8 .
  • the figure 10 schematically illustrates another particular embodiment of an aluminum smelter 1 according to the present invention.
  • the Figures 11 and 12 show a sectional view along lines IV-IV and VV respectively of the figure 10 .
  • the electrolysis tanks 2 have first cathode outlets 12 passing through the bottom 7b of the box 7, while second cathode outlets 12, situated downstream of the first cathode outlets 12, pass through the side wall 7a. 7.
  • the tanks 2 electrolysis of the aluminum smelter 1 according to this second embodiment and have cathodic outputs 12 "mixed" because crossing the bottom 7b and the side wall 7a.
  • the second cathode outlets 12 passing through the side wall 7a may comprise an element made of a better electrically conductive material than steel, in particular copper, in the form of, for example, a plate 16 or an insert.
  • the copper plate 16 arranged on a steel bar makes it possible, by its high electrical conductivity, to rebalance the voltages at the first cathode outlets 12, passing through the bottom 7b, and the second cathode outlets 12, passing through the side wall 7a, and thus limit the horizontal electric currents in the aluminum sheet.
  • the figure 13 shows schematically the top of a tank N, placed upstream (the one on the left on the figure 13 ), and an N + 1 tank, placed downstream (the one on the right on the figure 13 ), an aluminum smelter 1 according to the embodiment presented at figure 10 .
  • the figure 14 is a sectional view along the line VI-VI of the figure 13 . As in the embodiment presented at figure 4 , the electrical conductors 14 extend between the arches 15.
  • the secondary electric circuits 5 and 6 are parallel to the axis of alignment of the tanks 2.
  • the aluminum smelter 1 may also advantageously comprise means for short-circuiting each tank 2. These short-circuiting means may comprise short-circuiting electrical conductors 17, visible on the figures 4 , 8 , 10 and 13 . The short-circuiting electrical conductors 17 are arranged between two successive electrolysis cells 2.
  • the electrical conductors 17 are placed in contact with the electrical conductors 14 connected to the cathode outlets 12 passing through the bottom 7b of the box 7 of the tank N + 1 and at a distance from the electrical conductors 14 connected to the cathode outputs 12 of the tank N, such that a short space separates the electrical conductors 17 short-circuiting the electrical conductors 14 connected to the cathode outlets 12 of the tank N, as is particularly visible on the figure 10 .
  • the short-circuiting electrical conductors 17 are intended to short-circuit an N + 1 tank, for example to remove the latter for maintenance operations.
  • the distance between the electrical conductors 17 from shorting and electrical conductors 14 connected to the cathodic ends 12 of the N tank is then filled by a shim in a conductive member (not shown) so as to conduct the electrolysis current I 1 from the vessel N to the vessel N + 2 via this wedge, the short-circuiting electrical conductors 17 and the electrical conductors 14 normally arranged under the vessel N + 1 (that is to say the electrical conductors 14 connected to the outlets cathodic 12 through the bottom 7b of the box 7 of the tank N + 1 when it is in place).
  • the electrical conductors 17 shorting may be aluminum. Since they are traveled only occasionally when short circuiting by the electrolysis current I 1 (for maintenance operations of a tank 2, or at intervals of several years), they can be sized to work at the highest permissible current density, which makes it possible to limit their mass.
  • the electrical conductors forming the secondary electrical circuits 5 and / or 6 may be of superconducting material.
  • These superconducting materials may for example comprise BiSrCaCuO, YaBaCuO, materials known from patent applications. WO2008011184 , US20090247412 or other materials known for their superconducting properties.
  • Superconducting materials are used to carry current with little or no Joule heat generation loss because their resistivity is zero when held below their critical temperature.
  • a superconducting cable comprises a central core of copper or aluminum, ribbons or fibers of superconducting material, and a cryogenic envelope.
  • the cryogenic envelope may be formed by a sheath containing a cooling fluid, for example liquid nitrogen.
  • the cooling fluid makes it possible to maintain the temperature of the superconducting materials at a temperature below their critical temperature, for example less than 100 K (Kelvin), or between 4 K and 80 K.
  • the use of electrical conductors of superconducting material to form the secondary electrical circuits 5 and 6 is particularly interesting because of their length, of the order of two kilometers.
  • the use of electrical conductors of superconducting material requires less voltage compared to that required by electrical conductors of aluminum or copper.
  • the cost of the supply substations 20 and 21, respectively of the secondary electrical circuit 5 and the secondary electrical circuit 6, is reduced accordingly.
  • the electrical conductors of the secondary electrical circuits 5 and 6 may advantageously run at least twice a line F of electrolysis tanks 2.
  • the small size of the electrical conductors of superconducting material relative to electrical conductors made of aluminum or copper facilitates the realization of several rounds in series in the loops formed by the secondary electrical circuits 5 and 6.
  • the sheath may therefore contain several passages of the same electrical conductor of superconducting material.
  • the loop formed by the secondary electrical circuits 5 and 6 comprise several turns in series makes it possible to divide (as many times as the number of turns made) the intensity of the electric current I 2 , I 3 passing respectively through the secondary electric circuit. 5 and the secondary electrical circuit 6.
  • the reduction of the value of this intensity makes it possible to reduce Joule energy losses at the junctions between the electrical conductors of superconducting material and the poles of the power substations. Decreasing the overall intensity with electrical conductors of superconducting material makes it possible to reduce the size of the supply substations 20 and 21.
  • the supply substation 20 or 21 of the secondary electric circuit 5 or the secondary electrical circuit 6 comprising a conductor electrical superconducting material can deliver a current of intensity of the order of 5 kA to 40 kA. This allows the use of equipment commonly sold in commerce and therefore inexpensive.
  • the electrical conductors of superconducting material can be arranged under the electrolysis tanks 2.
  • the aluminum smelter 1 according to the invention has a set of characteristics whose combination contributes by a synergistic effect to the reduction of the costs of design, manufacture and operation of this smelter 1, and the increase in its yield.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Claims (12)

  1. Aluminiumschmelzanlage (1) bestehend aus:
    (i) einer Reihe Elektrolysezellen (2) für die Produktion von Aluminium nach dem Hall-Heroult-Verfahren,
    wobei jede Zelle (2) aus mindestens einer Anode (9), einer Kathode (8) und einer Kammer (7) mit Seitenwand (7a) und Boden (7b) besteht und jede Kathode (8) mindestens einen Kathodenausgang (12) hat,
    (ii) einem Hauptstromkreis (4), durch den Elektrolysestrom (I1) fließt, der die Zellen (2) elektrisch verbindet,
    wobei der Elektrolysestrom (I1) zuerst durch eine vorgelagerte Zelle N (2) und dann durch eine nachgelagerte Zelle N+1 (2) fließt,
    wobei dieser Hauptstromkreis (4) einen elektrischen Leiter (14) hat, der mit jedem Kathodenausgang (12) der Zelle N (2) verbunden ist,
    wobei der elektrische Leiter (14) auch mit mindestens einer Anode (9) der Zelle N+1 (2) verbunden ist, um den Elektrolysestrom (I1) von der Zelle N (2) zur Zelle N+1 (2) zu leiten,
    ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aluminiumschmelzanlage (1) außerdem
    (iii) mindestens einen Nebenstromkreis (5, 6) hat, der von einem elektrische Strom (I2, I3) durchflossen wird und somit das durch den Elektrolysestrom (I1) erzeugte magnetische Feld kompensiert,
    und dadurch, dass
    mindestens einer der Kathodenausgänge (12) der Kathode (8) der Zelle N (2) durch den Boden (7b) der Kammer (7) geführt wird,
    wobei jeder elektrische Leiter (14) von jedem Kathodenausgang (12) der Zelle N (2) in Richtung der Zelle N+1 (2) verläuft und während des Betriebs der Zellen N und N+1 (2) nur in Richtung von vorgelagert zu nachgelagert vom Elektrolysestrom (I1) durchflossen wird.
  2. Aluminiumschmelzanlage (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zellen (2) entlang einer Achse ausgerichtet sind und dass der elektrische Leiter (14) im Wesentlichen geradlinig und parallel zur Ausrichtungsachse der Zellen (2) verläuft.
  3. Aluminiumschmelzanlage (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Kathode (8) außerdem mindestens einen Kathodenausgang (12) hat, der durch die Seitenwand (7a) der nachgelagerten Kammer (7) geführt wird.
  4. Aluminiumschmelzanlage (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder nachgelagerte Kathodenausgang (12), der durch die Seitenwand (7a) der Kammer (7) der Zelle N (2) geführt wird, einen Metallstab hat, genauer gesagt, einen Stahlstab mit Einsatz oder Platte (16) aus Kupfer.
  5. Aluminiumschmelzanlage (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kammer (7) der Zelle N (2) mehrere Bögen (15) hat, die an der Seitenwand (7a) und am Boden (7b) der Kammer (7) angebracht sind, wobei die elektrischen Leiter (14) mit jedem Kathodenausgang (12), der durch den Boden (7b) der Kammer (7) der Zelle N (2) geführt wird, verbunden sind und zwischen den Bögen (15) verlaufen.
  6. Aluminiumschmelzanlage (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zellen (2) mit Kurzschlussvorrichtungen ausgestattet sind.
  7. Aluminiumschmelzanlage (1) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kurzschlussvorrichtungen der Zelle N+1 (2) mindestens einen elektrischen Leiter (17) für den Kurzschluss hat, der dauerhaft zwischen Zelle N (2) und N+1 (2) angebracht ist, wobei jeder elektrische Leiter (17) für den Kurzschluss elektrisch mit einem elektrischen Leiter (14) verbunden ist, der seinerseits mit einem Kathodenausgang (12) der Zelle (2), welcher durch den Boden (7b) der Kammer (7) der Zelle N+1 (2) geführt wird, verbunden ist, und wobei sich jeder elektrische Leiter (17) für den Kurzschluss in der Nähe eines der elektrischen Leiter (14), der mit einem der Kathodenausgang (12) der Zelle N (2) verbunden ist, befindet.
  8. Aluminiumschmelzanlage (1) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kurzschlussvorrichtung der Zelle N+1 (2) mindestens einen elektrischen Leiter (17) für den Kurzschluss hat, der dauerhaft zwischen Zelle N (2) und N+1 (2) angebracht ist, wobei jeder elektrische Leiter (17) für den Kurzschluss elektrisch mit einem elektrischen Leiter (14) verbunden ist, der seinerseits mit einem Kathodenausgang (12) der Zelle (2), welcher durch den Boden (7b) der Kammer (7) der Zelle N (2) geführt wird, verbunden ist, und wobei sich jeder elektrische Leiter (17) für den Kurzschluss in der Nähe eines der elektrischen Leiter (14), der mit einem der Kathodenausgang (12) der Zelle N+1 (2) verbunden ist, befindet.
  9. Aluminiumschmelzanlage (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Nebenstromkreis (5, 6) elektrische Leiter hat, die an der rechten und/oder linken Seite der Zellen (2) mindestens einer der Reihe (F, F'), die aus den Zellen (2) gebildet wird, entlang geführt werden.
  10. Aluminiumschmelzanlage (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Nebenstromkreis (5, 6) elektrische Leiter hat, die an mindestens einer Reihe (F, F'), die aus den Zellen (2) gebildet wird, entlang geführt werden.
  11. Aluminiumschmelzanlage (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrischen Leiter von mindestens einem Nebenstromkreis (5, 6) aus supraleitendem Material bestehen.
  12. Aluminiumschmelzanlage (1) nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der elektrische Leiter von mindestens einem Nebenstromkreis (5, 6) mindestens zweimal entlang der Zellen (2) der Reihe(n) (F, F') geführt werden.
EP12748725.4A 2011-07-12 2012-07-10 Aluminiumschmelzer mit zellen mit einem kathodenauslass durch den boden des gehäuses und mittel zur stabilisierung der zellen Active EP2732074B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1102199A FR2977898A1 (fr) 2011-07-12 2011-07-12 Aluminerie comprenant des cuves a sortie cathodique par le fond du caisson et des moyens de stabilisation des cuves
PCT/FR2012/000281 WO2013007892A2 (fr) 2011-07-12 2012-07-10 Aluminerie comprenant des cuves a sortie cathodique par le fond du caisson et des moyens de stabilisation des cuves

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EP2732074A2 EP2732074A2 (de) 2014-05-21
EP2732074B1 true EP2732074B1 (de) 2017-11-29

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US (1) US20140138240A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2732074B1 (de)
CN (1) CN103649376B (de)
AR (1) AR087123A1 (de)
AU (1) AU2012282372A1 (de)
BR (1) BR112014000494A2 (de)
CA (1) CA2841297A1 (de)
DK (1) DK201370805A (de)
EA (1) EA029022B1 (de)
FR (1) FR2977898A1 (de)
IN (1) IN2014CN00885A (de)
NO (1) NO2732074T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2013007892A2 (de)

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WO2014077720A1 (ru) * 2012-11-13 2014-05-22 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Объединенная Компания РУСАЛ Инженерно-технологический центр" Футеровка алюминиевого электролизера с инертными анодами
FR3009564A1 (fr) * 2013-08-09 2015-02-13 Rio Tinto Alcan Int Ltd Aluminerie comprenant un circuit electrique de compensation
MY183698A (en) 2015-02-09 2021-03-08 Rio Tinto Alcan Int Ltd Aluminium smelter and method to compensate for a magnetic field created by the circulation of the electrolysis current of said aluminium smelter
CN107208288B (zh) * 2015-02-13 2020-11-27 诺尔斯海德公司 用于在Hall-Héroult类型电解槽中生产铝的电解过程中使用的阳极以及制造该阳极的方法
GB2548830A (en) * 2016-03-29 2017-10-04 Dubai Aluminium Pjsc Cathode block with copper-aluminium insert for electrolytic cell suitable for the Hall-Héroult process
RU2678624C1 (ru) * 2017-12-29 2019-01-30 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Объединенная Компания РУСАЛ Инженерно-технологический центр" Ошиновка модульная для серий алюминиевых электролизеров
NO20180369A1 (en) * 2018-03-14 2019-09-16 Norsk Hydro As Cathode elements for a Hall-Héroult cell for aluminium production and a cell of this type having such elements installed

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2013007892A2 (fr) 2013-01-17
CN103649376A (zh) 2014-03-19
BR112014000494A2 (pt) 2017-02-21
US20140138240A1 (en) 2014-05-22
AU2012282372A1 (en) 2014-01-30
NO2732074T3 (de) 2018-04-28
NZ619720A (en) 2014-09-26
AR087123A1 (es) 2014-02-12
CN103649376B (zh) 2016-05-04
IN2014CN00885A (de) 2015-04-03
WO2013007892A3 (fr) 2013-03-28
CA2841297A1 (fr) 2013-01-17
EA201490257A1 (ru) 2014-04-30
EA029022B1 (ru) 2018-01-31
FR2977898A1 (fr) 2013-01-18
DK201370805A (en) 2013-12-20
EP2732074A2 (de) 2014-05-21

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