EP2616571B1 - Elektrische verbindungsvorrichtung für eine verbindung zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgen zellen einer zellreihe zur herstellung von aluminium - Google Patents

Elektrische verbindungsvorrichtung für eine verbindung zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgen zellen einer zellreihe zur herstellung von aluminium Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2616571B1
EP2616571B1 EP11761647.4A EP11761647A EP2616571B1 EP 2616571 B1 EP2616571 B1 EP 2616571B1 EP 11761647 A EP11761647 A EP 11761647A EP 2616571 B1 EP2616571 B1 EP 2616571B1
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Prior art keywords
conductor
cell
conductors
cells
wedge
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EP11761647.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2616571A1 (de
Inventor
Serge Despinasse
Yves Rochet
Sandra Berthe
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Rio Tinto Alcan International Ltd
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Rio Tinto Alcan International Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/58—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals
    • H01H1/5866—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals characterised by the use of a plug and socket connector
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/16—Electric current supply devices, e.g. bus bars
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
    • C25C7/06—Operating or servicing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for electrical connection between two successive cells (N-1, N) of a series of cells for the production of aluminum according to the Hall-Héroult method.
  • the invention also relates to a method for short-circuiting a cell (N) belonging to such a series of cells by means of said electrical connection device.
  • Aluminum metal is produced industrially by electrolysis of alumina in solution in an electrolyte bath, consisting essentially of cryolite, according to the Hall-Héroult process.
  • the electrolyte bath is contained in a tank of an electrolysis cell comprising a steel box lined internally with refractory and / or insulating materials, and at the bottom of which is located a cathode assembly.
  • Anodes typically of carbonaceous material, are partially immersed in the electrolyte bath.
  • Each anode is provided with a metal rod for its electrical and mechanical connection to an anode frame movable relative to a gantry fixed above the electrolytic cell.
  • An aluminum production plant comprises a large number of cells, typically one or more hundreds, aligned along an axis.
  • An electrical connection device comprising an electrical conductor network serially connects the cathode assembly of the cell (N-1) to the anode frame of the cell (N) located immediately downstream, in the flow direction of the current.
  • the ends of the conductors, at the beginning and at the end of the series of cells, are connected to the positive and negative outputs of a rectifying and regulating electrical substation.
  • the intensity passing through the successive cells is very high, and is typically of the order of 200 000 to 500 000 A.
  • the network of electrical conductors is designed so that the effects of the large magnetic fields generated compensate for each other. so that the problems caused by these magnetic fields (deformation of the upper surface of the liquid metal present in the tank, instabilities, etc.) are reduced.
  • the tank Due to the wear caused by the operation of a cell (N), the tank must be periodically repaired or replaced. In order for the other cells in the series to continue to produce, the cell (N) under consideration is bypassed so that the current can flow directly from the (N-1) cell to the (N + 1) cell. time of replacement of the tank of the cell (N).
  • the problem is that the layout of the conductors is constrained by magnetic field compensation issues, as indicated above, but also congestion.
  • a first wedge and a second wedge are interposed between said first and second conductor portions, the latter being located more towards the axis of alignment of the cells.
  • two current flow paths from the first conductor to the second conductor are created, namely a first path via the first wedge and a second path via the second wedge.
  • the two paths have different lengths. More specifically, the second path is longer than the first, and therefore has a greater electrical resistance (due to the similarity of the components, that is to say the wedges and conductors).
  • the first hold can see up to 70% of the total intensity, and the second hold only 30%. This is not desirable. Indeed, on the one hand, the first hold may be damaged prematurely.
  • the imbalance of the currents can lead to a limitation of the current in the first hold, and to an under-utilization of the current capacity in the second hold, thus limiting all of the current capacity of the whole shorting.
  • the present invention aims to remedy the drawbacks mentioned above, by providing an electrical connection device between two successive cells which allows a better electrical balance when shorting a cell, without creating sensitive magnetic imbalance, and taking into account the constraints of drastic encumbrance.
  • the conductor network further comprises a third current balancing conductor which extends substantially parallel to said portions, said third conductor being electrically connected to said portion of the first conductor or second conductor, the two receiving housings of a shim being arranged between said third conductor and said portion of the second conductor respectively of the first conductor.
  • the at least two short-circuit shim receiving housings are arranged between said portions of the first and second conductors and the third current-balancing conductor is located between said portions of the first and second conductors and second drivers.
  • the third conductor is advantageously arranged so that when short-circuit shims are inserted in the housings, the current flowing in said third conductor flows in the opposite direction of the flow direction of the current in said portion of the first conductor, respectively of the second driver, to which the third driver is connected.
  • the electrical connection, via the wedges, is obtained between two parallel conductors in which the current flows in the same direction, namely the third conductor and said portion of the second conductor or, respectively, the third conductor and said portion of the first conductor.
  • the first conductor is a bypass conductor of the cell (N-1), and / or the second conductor is a bypass conductor of the cell (N).
  • connection device may also comprise an insulating element disposed between the third conductor and said portion of the first conductor, respectively of the second conductor, to which the third conductor is connected. This insulating element makes it possible to avoid deformations of the conductors which could lead to unwanted short circuits.
  • the cells of the cells are substantially rectangular and arranged perpendicularly to the axis of alignment of the cells, said portions of the first and second conductors extending substantially parallel to the long sides of the tanks.
  • At least one receiving housing of a short-circuit wedge can have an inclined face, seen in a plane orthogonal to the direction in which said portions of the first and second conductors extend, so that the housing has a convergent form in the direction of introduction of a wedge.
  • the connecting device may comprise, in each half-space separated by a vertical plane passing through the axis of alignment of the cells, a set of two housing receiving a shim, located near a lateral edge of the tank, and an additional housing for receiving at least one shim located between said set of two housings and the axis of alignment of the cells.
  • the current is short-circuited by sets of two shims.
  • Wedges, called equipotential, located closest to the alignment axis mainly have a current balancing function.
  • the invention relates to a method for short-circuiting a cell (N) belonging to a series of cells for the production of aluminum according to the Hall-Héroult method, by means of an electrical connection device as previously described, in which method is introduced a first and a second wedges in the receiving housing of a short-circuit wedge arranged between said third conductor and said portion of the second conductor, respectively of the first conductor.
  • an electrolysis cell 100 comprises a tank 1 of generally rectangular shape having two small sides and two long sides.
  • the axis (x) is defined as being parallel to the short sides and substantially median to the vessel 1, and the direction (y) as the horizontal direction orthogonal to (x).
  • the vessel 1 typically comprises a metal box 2 internally lined with refractory materials (not shown) and cathode assemblies which are oriented substantially parallel to (x) and which each comprise a cathode 3 made of carbon material connected to a conductive bar 4.
  • the cell 100 also comprises an anode assembly comprising an anode frame 5 oriented along (y) and located in height above the tank 1. On the anode frame 5 are fixed rods 7 each provided with a multipode 8 fixed on a anode 6 made of carbonaceous material.
  • the vessel 1 comprises a liquid aluminum bed, a liquid bath bed and a solid bath-based blanket and alumina.
  • the figure 1 represents three successive electrolysis cells (N-1), (N), (N + 1), while the figure 2 represents two successive electrolysis cells (N-1), (N).
  • the cells 100 are electrically connected in series.
  • a network of conductors connecting in series the cathode assembly of an upstream cell to the anode frame of the cell located immediately downstream.
  • upstream and downstream are defined in the flow direction of the current, which is also the direction of the axis (x).
  • the current flowing through the series of cells has a very high intensity I, typically of the order of 200 000 to 500 000 A.
  • the conductor network is designed so that the magnetic field generated, at the intensities considered, is compatible with a stable operation of the tank.
  • climbs 13, here four in number The electrical connection between the cathodic collectors 9, 11, 12 of the tank (N-1) and the anode frame 5 of the tank (N) is provided by climbs 13, here four in number. Some climbs may be double and include a first branch 13a directly connected to a downstream cathode collector 12 and a second branch 13b connected to an upstream cathode collector 9, 11 by a conductor 10 passing under the vessel 1 or a conductor bypassing the vessel 1 (see figure 2 ).
  • Each conductor may comprise a rigid portion 14, in the form of a metal bar, typically an aluminum bar, and a flexible portion 15 allowing in particular the production of bent portions.
  • bypass drivers are not represented on the figure 1 .
  • the conductor network of the cell (N) is only partially represented with respect to the links of the cathode sets.
  • a given cell comprises a bypass conductor around each of the short sides of the tank 1, arranged substantially symmetrically with respect to the axis (x).
  • This bypass conductor sees most, typically 70-95%, of the intensity exiting the cathode assembly of the (N-1) cell when the N cell is short-circuited.
  • the shims 20, 21 are interposed directly between the downstream portion 19 of the bypass conductor 16 of the cell (N-1) and the upstream portion 23 of the bypass conductor 24 of the cell (N).
  • the second path 26 has a longer length than the first path 25, resulting in a greater electrical resistance.
  • the electrical intensity passing through the first shim 20 is greater than that through the second shim 21, which has the disadvantages mentioned above.
  • a third conductor 27 for balancing the current I is provided.
  • This third conductor 27 is located between the downstream portion 19 of the bypass conductor 16 of the cell (N-1) and the upstream portion 23 of the bypass conductor 24 of the the cell (N) and extends substantially parallel to said portions 19, 23.
  • This third conductor 27 has a first end 28 electrically connected to the downstream portion 19 of the bypass conductor 16 of the cell (N-1) and a second end 29 free, further from the axis (x) than the first end 28.
  • the current I flows in the third conductor 27 in the direction opposite to the direction of circulation in the portion 19 and in the same direction as in the portion 23.
  • the shims 20, 21 are interposed between the third conductor 27 and the upstream portion 23 of the bypass conductor 24 of the cell (N), that is to say in two parallel conductors in which the current flows in the same direction, away from the axis (x).
  • an insulating member 30 is placed between the third conductor 27 and the downstream portion 19 of the bypass conductor 16 of the cell (N-1) to prevent undesired short circuits.
  • a second embodiment of the invention is shown on the figure 5 .
  • the third current balancing conductor 27 is also located between the portion downstream 19 of the bypass conductor 16 of the cell (N-1) and the upstream portion 23 of the bypass conductor 24 of the cell (N) and extends substantially parallel to said portions 19, 23.
  • the third conductor 27 has a first end 28 electrically connected to the upstream portion 23 of the bypass conductor 24 of the cell (N) and a second end 29 free, further from the axis (x) than the first end 28.
  • the current I flows in the third conductor 27 in the direction opposite to the direction of flow in the portion 23 and in the same direction as in the portion 19.
  • the shims 20, 21 are interposed between the third conductor 27 and the downstream portion 19 of the bypass conductor 16 of the (N-1) cell, that is to say in two parallel conductors in which the current flows in the same direction. direction, in the direction of the axis (x).
  • an insulating member 30 is placed between the third conductor 27 and the upstream portion 23 of the bypass conductor 24 of the cell (N) to prevent undesired short circuits.
  • Each of the shims 20, 21 is placed in a receiving housing 31 situated between the two conductors which it must connect electrically.
  • This housing 31 is formed in the space separating said conductors.
  • the housing 31 has an inclined face 32 so that the housing 31 has a convergent shape facilitating the introduction of a shim 20.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above as examples but that it encompasses all variants.
  • Other receiving housing assemblies for shorting shims and shims may in particular be provided between the tanks compared to what is described with reference to the figure 2 .
  • the shorting sets may comprise more than two receiving slots, including three.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Elektrische Verbindungsvorrichtung zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Zellen (N-1, N) einer Zellreihe (100) für die Herstellung von Aluminium nach dem Hall-Heroult-Verfahren, wobei die Zellen fluchtend entlang einer Achse (x) angeordnet sind, wobei jede Zelle eine Elektrolysewanne (1) mit einer Kathodenanordnung (3, 4) und einem Anoden (6) tragenden Anodenbalken (5) umfasst, wobei die elektrische Verbindungsvorrichtung ein Stromleiternetz zum seriellen Verbinden der Kathodenanordnung (3, 4) der Zelle (N-1) mit dem Anodenbalken (5) der unmittelbar nachgeschalteten Zelle (N) umfasst, wobei das Stromleiternetz mindestens Folgendes umfasst:
    - eine ersten Leiter (16), der mit der Kathodenanordnung der Zelle (N-1) und dem Anodenbalken der Zelle (N) verbunden ist, wobei der erste Leiter (16) einen zwischen den Zellen (N-1) und (N) liegenden Abschnitt (19) aufweist, in welchem der Strom hin zur Fluchtachse (x) der Wannen (1) fließt;
    - einen zweiten Leiter (24), der mit der Kathodenanordnung der Zelle (N) und dem Anodenbalken der unmittelbar nachgeschalteten Zelle (N+1) verbunden ist, wobei der zweite Leiter (24) einen zwischen den Zellen (N-1) und (N) liegenden Abschnitt (23) aufweist, in welchem der Strom weg von der Fluchtachse (x) der Wannen (1) fließt, wobei die Abschnitte (19, 23) des ersten und zweiten Leiters (16, 24) im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander liegen;
    - mindestens zwei Aussparungen (31) zur Aufnahme eines Keilstücks (20, 21) zum Kurzschließen;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Stromleiternetz ferner einen dritten Leiter (27) zum Ausgleich des Stroms umfasst, der im Wesentlichen parallel zu den Abschnitten (19, 23) verläuft, wobei der dritte Leiter (27) mit dem Abschnitt des ersten Leiters (16) oder zweiten Leiters (24) elektrisch verbunden ist, wobei die beiden Aussparungen (31) zur Aufnahme eines Keilstücks (20, 21) zwischen dem dritten Leiter (27) und dem Abschnitt des zweiten Leiters (24) bzw. ersten Leiters (16) angeordnet sind.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mindestens zwei Aussparungen (31) zur Aufnahme eines Keilstücks zum Kurzschließen zwischen den Abschnitten (19, 23) des ersten und zweiten Leiters (16, 24) angeordnet sind und dass der dritte Leiter (27) zum Ausgleich des Stroms zwischen den Abschnitten (19, 23) des ersten und zweiten Leiters (16, 24) liegt.
  3. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der dritte Leiter so angeordnet ist, dass, wenn sich Keilstücke zum Kurzschließen in den Aussparungen (31) befinden, der im dritten Leiter (27) fließende Strom in entgegengesetzter Richtung zur Flussrichtung des Stroms im Abschnitt des ersten (16) bzw. zweiten Leiters (24), Abschnitt, mit dem der dritte Leiter (27) verbunden ist, fließt.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Leiter (16) ein Umgehungsleiter der Zelle (N-1) ist.
  5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Leiter (24) ein Umgehungsleiter der Zelle (N) ist.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ein Isolierelement (30) aufweist, das zwischen dem dritten Leiter (27) und dem Abschnitt (19, 23) des ersten (16) bzw. zweiten Leiters (24), Abschnitt, mit dem der dritte Leiter (27) verbunden ist, angeordnet ist.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wannen (1) der Zellen (100) im Wesentlichen rechteckig ausgebildet und senkrecht zur Fluchtachse (x) der Zellen angeordnet sind, wobei die Abschnitte (19, 23) des ersten und zweiten Leiters (16, 24) im Wesentlichen parallel zur den Längsseiten der Wannen (1) verlaufen.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens eine Aussparung (31) zur Aufnahme eines Keilstücks (20, 21) zum Kurzschließen, betrachtet in einer orthogonalen Ebene zur Richtung (y), in der sich die Abschnitte (19, 23) des ersten und zweiten Leiters (16, 24) erstrecken, eine geneigte Fläche (32) aufweist, so dass die Aussparung (31) eine in Einführungsrichtung eines Keilstücks (20, 21) konvergente Form aufweist.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie in jedem Halbraum, der durch eine vertikale, durch die Fluchtachse (x) der Zellen (100) verlaufende Ebene abgeteilt ist, eine Anordnung von zwei Aussparungen zur Aufnahme eines Keilstücks (20, 21) aufweist, die in der Nähe einer Seitenwand der Wanne (1) liegt, und mindestens eine zusätzliche Aussparung zur Aufnahme eines Keilstücks (22) aufweist, die zwischen der Anordnung von zwei Aussparungen und der Fluchtachse (x) der Zellen liegt.
  10. Verfahren zum Kurzschließen einer zu einer Zellreihe für die Herstellung von Aluminium nach dem Hall-Héroult-Verfahren gehörenden Zelle (N) mittels einer elektrischen Verbindungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein erstes und zweites Keilstück (20, 21) in die zwischen dem dritten Leiter (27) und dem Abschnitt (23, 19) des zweiten (24) bzw. ersten Leiters (16) angeordneten Aussparungen (31) zur Aufnahme eines Keilstücks zum Kurzschließen eingeführt werden.
EP11761647.4A 2010-09-17 2011-09-06 Elektrische verbindungsvorrichtung für eine verbindung zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgen zellen einer zellreihe zur herstellung von aluminium Active EP2616571B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1003695A FR2964984B1 (fr) 2010-09-17 2010-09-17 Dispositif de connexion electrique entre deux cellules successives d'aluminium
PCT/FR2011/000491 WO2012035212A1 (fr) 2010-09-17 2011-09-06 Dispositif de connexion électrique entre deux cellules successives d'une série de cellules pour la production d'aluminium

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2616571A1 EP2616571A1 (de) 2013-07-24
EP2616571B1 true EP2616571B1 (de) 2015-02-11

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EP11761647.4A Active EP2616571B1 (de) 2010-09-17 2011-09-06 Elektrische verbindungsvorrichtung für eine verbindung zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgen zellen einer zellreihe zur herstellung von aluminium

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US8961749B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2616571B1 (de)
CN (1) CN103108996B (de)
AR (1) AR083013A1 (de)
AU (1) AU2011303728B2 (de)
BR (1) BR112013006137A2 (de)
CA (1) CA2808355C (de)
DK (1) DK201370151A (de)
EG (1) EG27090A (de)
FR (1) FR2964984B1 (de)
MY (1) MY166818A (de)
NZ (1) NZ608174A (de)
RU (1) RU2566106C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2012035212A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA201301281B (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3009564A1 (fr) * 2013-08-09 2015-02-13 Rio Tinto Alcan Int Ltd Aluminerie comprenant un circuit electrique de compensation
GB2549731A (en) * 2016-04-26 2017-11-01 Dubai Aluminium Pjsc Busbar system for electrolytic cells arranged side by side in series
GB2554702A (en) * 2016-10-05 2018-04-11 Dubai Aluminium Pjsc Cathode assembly for electrolytic cell suitable for the Hall-Héroult process

Family Cites Families (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2583069B1 (fr) * 1985-06-05 1987-07-31 Pechiney Aluminium Dispositif de connexion entre cuves d'electrolyse a tres haute intensite, pour la production d'aluminium, comportant un circuit d'alimentation et un circuit independant de correction du champ magnetique
IT1264952B1 (it) * 1993-07-20 1996-10-17 Permelec Spa Nora Tipo di cotocircuitatore per elettrolizzatori collegati in serie elettrica
CN100482028C (zh) * 2003-07-08 2009-04-22 达方电子股份有限公司 发光模块及运用发光模块的键盘
RU2288976C1 (ru) * 2005-05-04 2006-12-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Инженерно-технологический центр" Ошиновка модульная мощных электролизеров для производства алюминия
CN2835264Y (zh) * 2005-08-05 2006-11-08 贵阳铝镁设计研究院 电解槽短路装置
SI2080820T1 (sl) * 2008-01-21 2011-01-31 Alcan Int Ltd Naprava in postopek za kratkostičenje ene ali več celic v razoreditvi elektroliznih celic namenjenih za proizvodnjo aluminija

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AU2011303728B2 (en) 2015-01-22
NZ608174A (en) 2014-05-30
CA2808355C (fr) 2018-10-30
MY166818A (en) 2018-07-23
ZA201301281B (en) 2014-04-30
WO2012035212A1 (fr) 2012-03-22
EG27090A (en) 2015-05-25
US20130168218A1 (en) 2013-07-04
BR112013006137A2 (pt) 2019-09-24
CA2808355A1 (fr) 2012-03-22
EP2616571A1 (de) 2013-07-24
FR2964984B1 (fr) 2012-08-31
RU2566106C2 (ru) 2015-10-20
US8961749B2 (en) 2015-02-24
CN103108996A (zh) 2013-05-15
RU2013117453A (ru) 2014-10-27
FR2964984A1 (fr) 2012-03-23
AU2011303728A1 (en) 2013-03-07
DK201370151A (en) 2013-03-13
CN103108996B (zh) 2016-06-29
AR083013A1 (es) 2013-01-23

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