WO2014077720A1 - Футеровка алюминиевого электролизера с инертными анодами - Google Patents
Футеровка алюминиевого электролизера с инертными анодами Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014077720A1 WO2014077720A1 PCT/RU2012/000933 RU2012000933W WO2014077720A1 WO 2014077720 A1 WO2014077720 A1 WO 2014077720A1 RU 2012000933 W RU2012000933 W RU 2012000933W WO 2014077720 A1 WO2014077720 A1 WO 2014077720A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hearth
- blocks
- lining
- aluminum
- concrete
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/16—Electric current supply devices, e.g. bus bars
Definitions
- the invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular to the electrolytic production of aluminum, namely, the lining of an aluminum electrolyzer.
- Known lining for an aluminum electrolyzer performed by blocks of refractory concrete.
- the concrete mix is prepared in the following proportion: 15% quick setting cement, 85% aggregate-anthracite, 10% lime and 6% water.
- the blocks After the blocks are formed by classical methods of vibrational compaction, they enter the drying chamber to obtain setting and removal of the main part of the water at a temperature of 450 ° C.
- the installation of the blocks in the electrolyzer and the connection of the seams is carried out in the traditional way (SU, copyright certificate J b 1050574, ⁇ 25 ⁇ 3/08, publ. 23.10.83).
- a lining is known for an aluminum electrolyzer (multi-cell) made by pre-cast blocks based on cryolite or cryolite mixed with aluminum oxide (alumina) and carbon material. Blocks are made as follows, a certain amount of crushed carbon material is poured into the mold, about 20% by weight is added. aluminum oxide and everything poured with pre-molten cryolite. A hearth and side lining are laid out from the obtained blocks, a layer of powdery or molten cryolite is applied to the abutting surfaces, and then the entire lining is heated to weld the blocks together into a common monolith (USSR Patent ⁇ ° 252224, C 22 D 3/02, 3/12, publ. 10.09.69).
- an aluminum electrolyzer in which the hearth is made of refractory, non-carbon material (concrete), and is coated with a layer of titanium diboride that does not interact with liquid aluminum.
- the collector elements are made of aluminum in the form of a truncated cone, liquid in the upper part in contact with the molten cathode aluminum, and solid in the lower part in contact with the cathode bus and installed vertically passing through the hearth (RF Patent ⁇ "2281986, ⁇ 25 ⁇ 3/08, publ. . 08.20.2006).
- This design allows you to: eliminate horizontal currents in the cathode, and, accordingly, reduce the circulation and wave formation of the border of the metal with the electrolyte, and this directly affects the current output and power consumption; reduce melt filtration through the bottom and at the borders of the cathode collector - lining, reduce the introduction of alkali metals into the bottom, and thereby increase the life of the cell.
- collector elements in the form of an inverted truncated cone the upper part of which is in a liquid state, and the lower part in a solid state will cause the alumina not dissolved in the electrolyte to settle at the bottom of the bath and clog the channels of the collector elements in the bottom.
- This will lead to an increase in the voltage drop in the cathode, and in the case of the worst case scenario, it can even lead to a complete loss of contact between the liquid cathode and the solid parts of the collector elements, which in turn can cause a rupture of a series of electrolyzers, and thereby drastically reduce the energy efficiency of the electrolyzer .
- the installation and execution of the collector elements in the form of an inverted cone with a ratio of the upper section to the bottom as 1: 2 and in an amount equal to or greater than the number of anodes in the prototype has serious drawbacks in the form of significant heat removal carried out by the collector elements from aluminum, to make up for which it will be necessary to increase the interelectrode gap.
- increasing the energy consumption required to produce a ton of electrolytic aluminum is determined by the current density acceptable for aluminum
- the objective of the invention is the development of an energy-efficient design of the lining, which allows to reduce the energy consumption for producing aluminum and to ensure trouble-free operation of electrolytic cells, by eliminating the cases of clogging of channels with collector elements in hell.
- the technical result is to reduce the heat removal carried out by the collector elements of aluminum and to obtain a stable electrical resistance of the collector elements throughout the life of the cell.
- the hearth is made of hearth blocks of higher height with protrusions and hearth blocks of lower height, while smaller blocks of height are installed at the ends of the hearth, and hearth blocks of a lower height alternate with hearth blocks of a higher height with protrusions, and vertical channels for installing current-carrying elements are made in the projections of the blocks, the entire thickness of the block, in addition, the current-carrying elements in the lower part are attached to current-carrying collector made in the form of a plate, horizontally withdrawn from the ends of the hearth blocks and through the longitudinal sides of the cathode casing.
- hearth blocks of smaller and greater heights as well as the fact that the hearth blocks of a greater height are provided with protrusions, and channels for collector elements are made in them, and the entrance to the channel is located higher relative to the level of the hearth, reduces the likelihood of clogging of the channels and reduce energy losses.
- connection of the current-conducting elements with the current-carrying collector made in the form of a plate, horizontally withdrawn from the ends of the hearth blocks, in contrast to the vertical output down (according to the prototype), provides a significant reduction in heat loss, which leads to a reduction in energy consumption when producing tons of aluminum.
- the plates are located inside the casing, and most of the heat remains in the bath.
- the invention is complemented by private distinguishing features that contribute to the achievement of the task.
- downstream elements are made in a G or T-shape, which allows you to arrange the channel outlet on the side surface of the ledge of the hearth block.
- the hearth blocks are made of high alumina refractory concrete, which is annealed to 1200 ° C or several layers, the working layer made of high alumina concrete with a thickness equal to 0.4 - 0.6 of the thickness of the block, and a secondary layer made of aluminosilicate concrete - the rest.
- the sintering process of the concrete components proceeds, ceramic bonds are formed, and concrete gains maximum strength.
- the working layer is impregnated with electrolyte components, the latter, upon reaching the secondary layer, will react with the formation of albite, which, in turn, dissolving metal fluorides in itself, will create a highly viscous glassy silicate system, preventing the further penetration of electrolyte components.
- formulas of the invention - the filling of interblock joints between the individual blocks of the hearth is carried out by refractory high-alumina concrete with reduced viscosity or by means of an adhesive or cementitious composition with a joint thickness of 5-20 mm.
- the invention is illustrated graphic material.
- Figure 1 shows the proposed lining of an aluminum electrolyzer, shown with a cutout V * part;
- FIG. 2 presents the hearth assembly, shown with a cut;
- Fig. 3 shows current collector assemblies with a current-carrying collector;
- figure 4 - presents the lining of an aluminum electrolyzer with current-carrying elements of the L-shaped form
- figure 5 hearth block with current-carrying elements of the L-shaped form
- figure 6 - shows the collector elements of the L-shaped assembly with a current-carrying collector
- Fig.7 - shows a hearth block with current-carrying elements of a T-shaped
- Fig. 8 shows T-shaped collector elements assembled with a current-carrying collector
- Fig.9 shows a hearth assembly assembled according to claim 6.
- the lining of an aluminum electrolyzer with inert anodes includes a steel cathode casing 1, hearth blocks of a higher height with protrusions 2, hearth blocks of a lower height 3 installed in the channels 4 of the hearth blocks 2 collector elements 5 of aluminum, with a liquid part
- downstream elements 5 are made in a G or T-shape, i.e. the upper part of the collector element 6 is rotated 90 ° with the exit of the channel to the side surface of the protrusion of the block 2 in the case of an L-shaped. Or in the case of a T-shaped block, the upper part of the collector 6 is bifurcated and also extends to the side surfaces of the protrusion of the hearth block 2.
- blocks of refractory high alumina concrete are fired to a temperature of 900 ° C, in this case it is proposed to burn them to 1200 ° C. At this temperature, the sintering process of the concrete components proceeds, ceramic bonds form, and concrete gains maximum strength. In this case, the hearth blocks are highly resistant to cryolite-alumina melt.
- the bogie blocks are made of several layers, the working layer of high-alumina concrete with a thickness of 0.4 - 0.6 of the thickness of the block and the secondary layer made of aluminosilicate concrete, then when the working layer is impregnated with electrolyte components, the latter, reaching the secondary layer will react with the formation of albite. Which, in turn, dissolving metal fluorides in itself, will create a highly viscous glassy silicate system. Preventing further penetration of electrolyte components
- a hearth made of refractory high-alumina concrete is carried out in separate blocks, which, after the molding process, go through the drying and firing stages, is mounted for 5-8 hours, while the quality of the blocks will be obviously higher than that of a monolithic hearth poured in place.
- the assembly of the hearth blocks is carried out, for this purpose, pre-connected current-carrying collector with current-conducting elements (vertical rods) are mounted in the molded hearth block equipped with channels, thereafter, the hearth block is transported to the lining installation site.
- pre-connected current-carrying collector with current-conducting elements vertical rods
- the protruding parts of the current-carrying collectors are lined with lateral lining, while ensuring the tightness of the “edge” while not preventing the thermal expansion of aluminum collectors.
- "Brow” is the basis for the installation of the side lining. Installation of airborne blocks from non-metallic refractory compounds is carried out in a row along the walls of the casing 1, with their gluing to the walls of the casing, and the coating of all supporting and connecting surfaces.
- an adhesive or cementitious composition for example, shotcrete, mortar or refractory concrete containing silicon carbide powder can be used.
- the final and responsible operation of the lining installation is the filling of inter-unit seams between the hearth blocks.
- the proposed lining of an aluminum electrolyzer with inert anodes will allow installation while reducing labor intensity, improve technical and economic performance by reducing power consumption and increase the reliability of the electrolyzer due to the exclusion of clogging of channels with collector elements in the bottom.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/RU2012/000933 WO2014077720A1 (ru) | 2012-11-13 | 2012-11-13 | Футеровка алюминиевого электролизера с инертными анодами |
US14/441,450 US9850586B2 (en) | 2012-11-13 | 2012-11-13 | Lining for an aluminum electrolyzer having inert anodes |
BR112015010572A BR112015010572A2 (pt) | 2012-11-13 | 2012-11-13 | revestimento para um eletrolisador de alumínio que tem anodos inertes. |
AU2012394479A AU2012394479B2 (en) | 2012-11-13 | 2012-11-13 | Lining for an aluminium electrolyzer having inert anodes |
NO20150708A NO347208B1 (en) | 2012-11-13 | 2012-11-13 | Lining for an aluminum electrolyzer having inert anodes |
RU2013151916/02A RU2544727C1 (ru) | 2012-11-13 | 2012-11-13 | Футеровка алюминиевого электролизера с инертными анодами |
CN201280076986.XA CN104797743B (zh) | 2012-11-13 | 2012-11-13 | 用于具有惰性阳极的铝电解槽的衬垫 |
CA2891221A CA2891221C (en) | 2012-11-13 | 2012-11-13 | Lining for an aluminium electrolyzer having inert anodes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/RU2012/000933 WO2014077720A1 (ru) | 2012-11-13 | 2012-11-13 | Футеровка алюминиевого электролизера с инертными анодами |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2014077720A1 true WO2014077720A1 (ru) | 2014-05-22 |
Family
ID=50731511
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/RU2012/000933 WO2014077720A1 (ru) | 2012-11-13 | 2012-11-13 | Футеровка алюминиевого электролизера с инертными анодами |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9850586B2 (ru) |
CN (1) | CN104797743B (ru) |
AU (1) | AU2012394479B2 (ru) |
BR (1) | BR112015010572A2 (ru) |
CA (1) | CA2891221C (ru) |
NO (1) | NO347208B1 (ru) |
RU (1) | RU2544727C1 (ru) |
WO (1) | WO2014077720A1 (ru) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102953085A (zh) * | 2011-08-31 | 2013-03-06 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | 隔板多室铝电解槽 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NO347208B1 (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2023-07-03 | Obshchestvo S Ogranichennoy Otvetstvennostyu Obedinennaya Kompaniya Rusal Inzhenerno Tekh Tsenter | Lining for an aluminum electrolyzer having inert anodes |
ES2876157T3 (es) * | 2016-08-12 | 2021-11-12 | Boston Electrometallurgical Corp | Método de fabricación de un conjunto de colector de corriente libre de fugas para recipientes metalúrgicos |
RU2698162C2 (ru) | 2017-03-01 | 2019-08-22 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Объединенная Компания РУСАЛ Инженерно-технологический центр" | Перфорированный металлический инертный анод для получения алюминия электролизом расплава |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5683559A (en) * | 1994-09-08 | 1997-11-04 | Moltech Invent S.A. | Cell for aluminium electrowinning employing a cathode cell bottom made of carbon blocks which have parallel channels therein |
WO2002097168A1 (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2002-12-05 | Moltech Invent S.A. | Aluminium electrowinning cells having a drained cathode bottom and an aluminium collection reservoir |
RU2281986C1 (ru) * | 2005-02-22 | 2006-08-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Инженерно-технологический центр" | Электролизер для получения алюминия из смеси расплавленных солей и глинозема |
WO2008106849A1 (fr) * | 2007-03-02 | 2008-09-12 | Northeastern University Engineering & Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Cellule électrolytique de production d'aluminium comportant une cathode de blocs de carbone de structure hétérotypique |
RU2011114886A (ru) * | 2011-04-18 | 2012-10-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Объединенная Компания РУСАЛ Инженерно-технологический центр" (RU) | Катодное устройство алюминиевого электролизера с рельефной подиной |
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US3723287A (en) * | 1970-09-30 | 1973-03-27 | C Elliott | Apparatus for producing aluminum from alumina |
GB8331769D0 (en) * | 1983-11-29 | 1984-01-04 | Alcan Int Ltd | Aluminium reduction cells |
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US5560809A (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1996-10-01 | Saint-Gobain/Norton Industrial Ceramics Corporation | Improved lining for aluminum production furnace |
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CN201530871U (zh) * | 2008-12-18 | 2010-07-21 | 高德金 | 铝电解槽阴极熔池内衬结构 |
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CN101665955A (zh) * | 2009-09-09 | 2010-03-10 | 河南中孚实业股份有限公司 | 垂直出电的铝电解槽阴极内衬结构及其砌筑方法 |
CN101864580B (zh) * | 2010-07-08 | 2013-01-02 | 沈阳北冶冶金科技有限公司 | 一种阴极碳块上表面镶嵌柱形凸起的铝电解槽 |
CN101962783A (zh) * | 2010-11-10 | 2011-02-02 | 河南中孚实业股份有限公司 | 一种垂直出电铝电解槽内衬的施工方法 |
DE102011004009A1 (de) * | 2011-02-11 | 2012-08-16 | Sgl Carbon Se | Kathodenanordnung und Kathodenblock mit einer eine Führungsvertiefung aufweisenden Nut |
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NO347208B1 (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2023-07-03 | Obshchestvo S Ogranichennoy Otvetstvennostyu Obedinennaya Kompaniya Rusal Inzhenerno Tekh Tsenter | Lining for an aluminum electrolyzer having inert anodes |
NO347406B1 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2023-10-16 | Obshchestvo S Ogranichennoy Otvetstvennostyu Obedinennaya Kompaniya Rusal Inzhenerno Tekh Tsenter | Aluminum electrolysis cell cathode shunt design |
-
2012
- 2012-11-13 NO NO20150708A patent/NO347208B1/en unknown
- 2012-11-13 CN CN201280076986.XA patent/CN104797743B/zh active Active
- 2012-11-13 RU RU2013151916/02A patent/RU2544727C1/ru active
- 2012-11-13 AU AU2012394479A patent/AU2012394479B2/en active Active
- 2012-11-13 BR BR112015010572A patent/BR112015010572A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-11-13 US US14/441,450 patent/US9850586B2/en active Active
- 2012-11-13 WO PCT/RU2012/000933 patent/WO2014077720A1/ru active Application Filing
- 2012-11-13 CA CA2891221A patent/CA2891221C/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
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US5683559A (en) * | 1994-09-08 | 1997-11-04 | Moltech Invent S.A. | Cell for aluminium electrowinning employing a cathode cell bottom made of carbon blocks which have parallel channels therein |
WO2002097168A1 (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2002-12-05 | Moltech Invent S.A. | Aluminium electrowinning cells having a drained cathode bottom and an aluminium collection reservoir |
RU2281986C1 (ru) * | 2005-02-22 | 2006-08-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Инженерно-технологический центр" | Электролизер для получения алюминия из смеси расплавленных солей и глинозема |
WO2008106849A1 (fr) * | 2007-03-02 | 2008-09-12 | Northeastern University Engineering & Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Cellule électrolytique de production d'aluminium comportant une cathode de blocs de carbone de structure hétérotypique |
RU2011114886A (ru) * | 2011-04-18 | 2012-10-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Объединенная Компания РУСАЛ Инженерно-технологический центр" (RU) | Катодное устройство алюминиевого электролизера с рельефной подиной |
Cited By (1)
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CN102953085A (zh) * | 2011-08-31 | 2013-03-06 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | 隔板多室铝电解槽 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2891221C (en) | 2017-05-02 |
AU2012394479B2 (en) | 2017-01-05 |
RU2544727C1 (ru) | 2015-03-20 |
CN104797743A (zh) | 2015-07-22 |
NO347208B1 (en) | 2023-07-03 |
CN104797743B (zh) | 2017-06-06 |
AU2012394479A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
US9850586B2 (en) | 2017-12-26 |
US20150284863A1 (en) | 2015-10-08 |
BR112015010572A2 (pt) | 2017-07-11 |
NO20150708A1 (en) | 2015-06-04 |
CA2891221A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
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