Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
  • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
  • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
  • B27N1/003—Pretreatment of moulding material for reducing formaldehyde gas emission
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
  • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
  • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
  • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
  • D21J1/00—Fibreboard

Definitions

• the present application relates to a method according to claim 1 for the production of wood materials from lignocellulose-containing crushing products, in particular for the production of fiberboard or OSB boards, said wood materials for reducing or reducing the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and optionally very volatile organic Compounds (VVOC), in particular terpenes and acids, the preparation of which are treated with at least one additive.
• VOC volatile organic compounds
• VVOC very volatile organic Compounds
• the treatment is carried out with an additive, activated carbon.
• the application is directed to obtainable by the process according to the invention wood materials according to claim 11 with reduced emission of volatile organic compounds, especially terpenes and acids but also aldehydes.
• VOCs volatile organic compounds
• VVOCs very volatile organic compounds
• HWS wood-based materials
• VOCs include saturated and non-volatile organic compounds unsaturated aldehydes all volatile organic substances whose retention time in the gas chromatograph between C6 (hexane) and C16 (hexadecane) is.
• VOCs are not a homogeneous class of substances but a smorgasbord of compounds. These include, but are not limited to, organic acids, saturated and unsaturated aldehydes, alcohols, terpenes, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons and many more.
• VVOC very volatile organic compounds
• these VVOC also occur in the production but also in the use of wood-based materials.
• these compounds in the curing of adhesives on the other hand, these compounds may occur by reaction of compounds present in the wood material.
• the emission of VOC is based essentially on a release of derived from the wood material compounds.
• the release of the volatile organic compounds and very volatile organic compounds depends, inter alia, on the nature and condition of the lignocelluloses, such as the type of wood, the storage period, the storage conditions of the wood or of the comminution products of the wood, and can be in different chemical compositions and quantities occurrence.
• the VOCs originate mainly from extractives of the Lignocelluloses, eg of wood or transformation products. Prominent representatives of these are substances such as ⁇ -pinene, ⁇ -pinene, ⁇ -3-carene. Above all, in coniferous trees, which are used as starting wood for wood-based panels, these components can be found again.
• aldehydes such as pentanal and hexanal.
• softwoods which mainly produce chipboard, medium-density fiberboard (MDF) or OSB boards, contain large quantities of resins and fats, which contribute to the formation of volatile organic terpene compounds and aldehydes.
• these substances are produced by degradation of the main constituents of the wood, such as lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose.
• volatile organic compounds and very volatile organic compounds can also arise when using certain adhesives for the production of wood-based materials.
• the VOC emission from wood-based materials is essentially due to a wood-induced release rather than by the adhesive used.
• the conversion of components of the wood materials e.g. by fragmentation of the resins and fats, a permanent secondary or tertiary emission of said compounds takes place.
• OSB boards are also used in the construction sector. Since OSB panels usually have no emission-reducing coating and is installed in large quantities, in particular as the area of the panel, based on the total cubic meter number of the room or building, high releases of VOCs can occur.
• the previously used additives can partially reduce the reactivity of the adhesives used.
• mechanical parameters of the wood-based panels to be produced are influenced and usually worsen.
• the adhesive is added in larger quantities in order to achieve the required and / or desired mechanical parameters.
• the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing processes for the production of wood-based materials from lignocellulose particles, in particular processes for the production of chipboard, fiberboard or OSB boards but also plywood boards, which show a reduction or reduction of emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and very volatile organic compounds (VVOC) even over a longer period.
• VOC volatile organic compounds
• VVOC very volatile organic compounds
• the additives used in this case should not show any toxic properties and not adversely affect the production process itself, in particular not reduce the reactivity of the adhesives used.
• the additives should reduce as much as possible the emission of the heterogeneous class of the volatile organic compounds as well as the very volatile organic compounds or a formation of these from constituents of the wood-based materials.
• An essential aspect of the present invention is the use of activated carbon as an additive.
• the expression “reduction of emission” or “reduction of emission”, which are used interchangeably, means that the total amount of a total volatile organic compound (TVOC) is lower compared with a wood material without additive according to the invention.
• the term "avoidance of emission” includes a percentage reduction or decrease in emission compared to the control up to one that is below the measurement limit.
• lignocellulose-containing comminution products and “lignocellulose particles” are used interchangeably.
• Another advantage of the reduction or reduction of the emission of TVOC is that, for example, such substances are reduced in their emission, which also contribute to an unpleasant odor of wood materials, such as acetic acid, which is malodorous, but also the typical aldehyde particular formaldehyde Smell of these plates.
• Activated carbon is understood to mean carbon structures of the smallest graphitic crystals and amorphous carbon with a porous structure and internal surfaces (BET surface area), usually in a range between 300 and 2000 m 2 / g.
• Activated carbon can be in powder form, as a grain but also in other forms.
• the activated carbon is preferably one with a density between 0.2 and 0.6 g / cm 3 , the preferred pore size of the activated carbon being in the range of ⁇ 1 nm up to 50 nm.
• Activated carbon can be produced from vegetable animal or mineral raw materials. Accordingly, the activated carbon of stone, wood, lignite but also derived from vegetable ingredients, such as coconut shells, fruit seeds, etc., as well as from animal coals.
• Activated carbon has long been known as an adsorbent, e.g. It is used to remove unwanted or harmful colors and odors from gases, vapors and liquids etc. Furthermore, they are useful in chemical cleaning processes as well as for the adsorption of e.g. Toxic substances known in the pharmaceutical field.
• Activated carbon is known as a means of adsorbing liquids or gases for a short period of time, but not as a means of permanent use.
• the activated carbon can be introduced in solid form as a powder preferably in a particle diameter of less than 1 mm and / or as granules with a particle size of less than 4 mm to the lignocellulose-containing comminution products.
• the additive is, for example, in an amount in a range of 0.1 to 20 % By weight applied to atro lignocellulose.
• a porous carbon in the form of activated carbon has several advantages. From an economic point of view, activated carbon has high availability and a low price. In the manufacturing process itself disadvantages of previous additives can be overcome. Thus, a dosage can be carried out as a solid, whereby the moisture content of the starting materials and / or the wood-based panels is not increased. An additional drying with corresponding additional costs is therefore not necessary. Furthermore, the porous carbon in the form of activated carbon has no reactivity with the adhesive used, so that the reactivity and processability of this e.g. whose curing speed is not deteriorated. As a result, it is not necessary to add larger amounts of adhesive to compensate for deterioration in the reactivity of these by the addition of additives.
• the total emission of VOCs, if any, including VVOCs from the wood-based materials is reduced, this reduction not being limited to a class of substances, but reducing both the emission of aldehydes and of terpenes and acids.
• the TVOC value and the R value of the wood-based materials produced, especially in the form of wood-based panels, such as OSB boards significantly reduced.
• the additive can be added at different times in the production process.
• the additive can be added either in solid form but optionally also in the form of a suspension or dispersion.
• the activated carbon as powder granules in added to solid form.
• the addition of the additive can be carried out in all areas of the wood-based materials to be produced.
• the additive may be e.g. only in some areas of this present. In this case, it is possible to meter the additive into the cover layer and / or middle layer.
• the additive according to the invention can be present in different proportions by weight in the topcoat or middlecoat.
• one of the layers has a content of 5% by weight, while the other layer has 10% of the additive.
• the proportions in both layers can be the same.
• Porous carbon in the form of activated carbon can, in particular in powder form before the dryer and / or after the dryer in the chute of lignocellulosic crushing products for the control and / or before and / or after the gluing of these and / or in the gluing with the corresponding adhesive, such as a UF, MUF, PMDI adhesive.
• the corresponding adhesive such as a UF, MUF, PMDI adhesive.
• the dosage is preferably from 0.1 to 20% by weight on ator lignocellulose.
• the adhesives commonly used can be used. These adhesives include as adhesives phenol-formaldehyde (PF) adhesives, isocyanate-based adhesives, urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesives, melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF) adhesives, melamine-urea adhesives Phenol-formaldehyde (MUPF) adhesives, tannin-formaldehyde (TF) adhesives, polyurethane (PU) adhesives, or mixtures thereof.
• PF phenol-formaldehyde
• UF urea-formaldehyde
• MAF melamine-urea-formaldehyde
• MUPF melamine-urea adhesives
• Phenol-formaldehyde (MUPF) adhesives tannin-formaldehyde (TF) adhesives
• PU polyurethane
• the adhesive is a non-formaldehyde-containing adhesive, such as an isocyanate-based adhesive such as PMDI.
• Lignocelluloses are understood here to be lignocellulose-containing materials, such as wood.
• the resulting comminution products of lignocelluloses include in particular wood strands, wood chips, wood fibers, but also wood veneers.
• the lignocelluloses such as the wood-based materials and the comminuted products thereof, may be both conifers and hardwoods. Even mixtures of these two types of wood are possible.
• the wood chips, strands or wood fibers come from conifers.
• the wood materials that can be produced by the production method according to the invention, in particular wood-based panels, can be produced according to a known method.
• the process may additionally be supplemented by other processes known to those skilled in the art for reducing the emission of volatile organic compounds, very volatile organic compounds.
• activated carbon as an additive in the production of wood materials from lignocellulose in particular for reducing or reducing the emission of VOC, TVOC and / or VVOC is described.
• the additive is thereby added during the manufacturing process of the lignocellulose e.g. in the form of lignocellulose-containing comminution particles (lignocellulose-containing particles) added or applied.
• the additive can take place at least in the cover layer or the middle layer or in both layers of, for example, OSB boards.
• the additive may be introduced or applied in an amount of from 0.1% by weight to 20% by weight of solids, based on atroscopic lignocellulose.
• wood materials are provided, obtainable by the method according to the invention.
• These wood-based materials are preferably a fiberboard, in particular lightweight and superlight MDF board, an OSB board.
• the wood-based materials according to the invention are distinguished by the fact that they show a reduced or reduced emission of TVOC over a long period of time, and this in particular also includes a reduction or reduction of the terpenes and acids. Furthermore, it was found that the mechanical properties of the wood-based materials produced are not or only negligibly affected, such as. shown in Table 3 below.
• plate 1 with 100% PMDI gluing and a thickness of 12 mm was made on the laboratory press. Subsequently, three test panels were prepared using activated carbon. In this case, plate 2 contains 5% on atro wood activated carbon powder in the top layer. Plate 3 contains 5% of atro-wood activated carbon powder in the middle layer, and plate 4 has 10% of the middle layer added to atro-wood activated carbon powder.
• Table 1 gives an overview of the test panels produced. These were then examined for their emission behavior in a test chamber and according to the AgBB scheme over a period of 28 Days.
• Table 1 plate thickness gluing dosage 1 12 100% PMDI "0" standard plate 2 12 100% PMDI OSB board with 5% AK in top layer 3 12 100% PMDI OSB board with 5% AK in middle layer 4 12 100% PMDI OSB board with 10% AK in middle layer
• the emission measurements were carried out in test chambers made of glass desiccators with a volume of 23.5 liters. The tests were based on ISO 16 000 part 9 (2008). Standard conditions were therefore a temperature of 23 ° C, a relative humidity of 50% and an air velocity near the sample surface of 0.1 to 0.3 m s-2.
• the standard load was about 720 cm 2 emitting area, ie the loading level of the chamber was 3.1 m2 m-3;
• the air exchange with high-purity synthetic air in the test chamber was 3.1 times per hour. This resulted in a standard area-specific air exchange rate of 1 m 3 / (m 2 * h).
• the minimum test duration was 28 days with air sampling occurring one and three days after sample introduction and weekly thereafter.
• the sampling was carried out according to ISO 16 000 part 6 (2004) by means of a pump and tubes filled with the adsorbent Tenax TA®.
• the respective sample volume was 0.5 to a maximum of 4 liters of test chamber air.
• Tenax TA-filled tubes were thermally cleaned prior to each air sampling and loaded with 200 ng of deuterated toluene as an internal standard.
• the sampled Tenax TA was thermally desorbed (TD) and the substances transferred via a cryofocusing unit to a gas chromatograph (GC) coupled to a mass spectrometer (MS).
• GC gas chromatograph
• MS mass spectrometer
• VOC emission measurements show the strongest effect of reduction in the case of metering of the activated carbon powder in the middle layer.
• a dosage of 5% on atro wood activated carbon leads to a strong reduction of VOC emission.
• the TVOC value is reduced from 999.1 ⁇ g / m 3 to 265.6 ⁇ g / m 3 (plate 3).
• the R value is greatly reduced in the case of the test plate 3 from 3.3 to 1 compared to the reference plate 1.
• Activated carbon has a high adsorption capacity due to the high internal surface.
• the high open-pore structure of the activated carbon has the ability to store large quantities of gas molecules and store them.
• Activated carbon is one of the hydrophobic adsorbents and is particularly suitable for the adsorption of less polar VOCs, such as terpenes.
• VOCs such as terpenes.
• chemisorption also plays an important role here, whereby the VOC molecules are able to chemically interact with the surface molecules of the activated carbon, leading to a true formation of a surface compound.

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Forests & Forestry (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
• Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

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• 2012
  • 2012-11-06 ES ES12191376.8T patent/ES2529356T3/es active Active
  • 2012-11-06 EP EP12191376.8A patent/EP2727691B1/de not_active Revoked
  • 2012-11-06 PL PL12191376T patent/PL2727691T3/pl unknown
  • 2012-11-06 HU HUE12191376A patent/HUE024531T2/en unknown
  • 2012-11-06 PT PT12191376T patent/PT2727691E/pt unknown
  • 2012-11-06 SI SI201230151T patent/SI2727691T1/sl unknown
• 2013
  • 2013-11-06 BR BR112015009351A patent/BR112015009351A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2013-11-06 JP JP2015540164A patent/JP6293769B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2013-11-06 US US14/439,768 patent/US9895824B2/en active Active
  • 2013-11-06 EP EP13792612.7A patent/EP2917008B1/de active Active
  • 2013-11-06 ES ES13792612T patent/ES2954071T3/es active Active
  • 2013-11-06 PL PL13792612.7T patent/PL2917008T3/pl unknown
  • 2013-11-06 WO PCT/EP2013/073090 patent/WO2014072304A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2013-11-06 UA UAA201505465A patent/UA117817C2/uk unknown
  • 2013-11-06 RU RU2015121571A patent/RU2661361C2/ru active
  • 2013-11-06 HU HUE13792612A patent/HUE064134T2/hu unknown
  • 2013-11-06 CA CA2886475A patent/CA2886475C/en active Active
  • 2013-11-06 CN CN201380058064.0A patent/CN104781055A/zh active Pending

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