EP2727668B1 - Method for producing a cylinder crankcase and casting assembly for a cylinder crankcase - Google Patents

Method for producing a cylinder crankcase and casting assembly for a cylinder crankcase Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2727668B1
EP2727668B1 EP13190037.5A EP13190037A EP2727668B1 EP 2727668 B1 EP2727668 B1 EP 2727668B1 EP 13190037 A EP13190037 A EP 13190037A EP 2727668 B1 EP2727668 B1 EP 2727668B1
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Prior art keywords
core
bridge
cylinder
metal support
water jacket
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EP13190037.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2727668A1 (en
Inventor
Raphael Kramer
Peter Andreas Heß
Bernhard Gand
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Martinrea Honsel Germany GmbH
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Martinrea Honsel Germany GmbH
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Priority to PL13190037T priority Critical patent/PL2727668T3/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/10Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
    • B22C9/106Vented or reinforced cores
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C21/00Flasks; Accessories therefor
    • B22C21/12Accessories
    • B22C21/14Accessories for reinforcing or securing moulding materials or cores, e.g. gaggers, chaplets, pins, bars
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/0009Cylinders, pistons

Definitions

  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for manufacturing and a mold assembly for a cylinder crankcase made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, can pour with or with the compact combustion engines while avoiding the use of conventional sand cores expected disadvantages, with a high productivity in the production should be achievable.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that with a view to a quick and uncomplicated demolding of the solidified casting of aluminum or a Aluminum alloy conventional bonded core sands continue to be the core materials of choice, however, they show strength and stability problems when forming particularly narrow webs, such as the load from the molten aluminum or aluminum alloy molten metal entering the mold. These disadvantages can be avoided by the use of web cores embedded in the at least partially metal support for stabilization against the inflowing molten metal, wherein the metal support consist of the same or a related material as the cast material itself.
  • the use of aluminum or an aluminum alloy for the web plate leads to the fact that during casting all exposed metal areas are liquefied by the light metal melt, and, as it were in the melt after their solidification with rise.
  • the Fig. 1 shows an overview of a multi-part mold assembly 1 for producing a cylinder crankcase made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the exterior of the cylinder crankcase here one Internal combustion engine with arrangement of the individual cylinder chambers in series and optionally also in V or W-shape is formed by a casting mold 3 arranged in a casting frame for the casting process.
  • a casting mold 3 arranged in a casting frame for the casting process.
  • corresponding cylinder cores 5 are arranged in the outer mold 3.
  • the cylinder cores 5 can axially, ie be retractable along their axis L in the mold 3 quills made of metal, which are cooled during the casting process from the inside to improve their mold release after cooling of the aluminum melt.
  • a single-part or multi-part water jacket core 10 made of molding sand is also placed in the casting mold 3.
  • the water jacket core 10 depicts those regions in the cylinder crankcase which remain free after the casting, so as to allow a flushing of the cylinder crankcase with cooling fluid in the internal combustion engine and thus the dissipation of the heat generated during the combustion process.
  • the finished casting arrangement 1 additionally has web cores 20 arranged transversely to the row of cylinders between respectively adjacent cylinder cores 5.
  • the cavities created by these web cores 20 allow the cooling medium to flow also in the intermediate wall between adjacent cylinders.
  • the space available for this purpose is severely limited, since in modern internal combustion engines, the tendency is to reduce as far as possible to reduce the overall construction length and the distance A between successive cylinder recesses.
  • a coolant duct is to be accommodated on this small distance A, whose flow cross-section should also not be too low in view of a sufficient coolant throughput.
  • the first boundary edge 21 of the web core 20 is embedded directly into the one wall of the water jacket core 10, however, the second boundary edge 22 is not attached directly in the opposite wall, but attached to this only indirectly, namely an additional component in shape Alternatively, of course, it is also possible to embed the other, ie the second boundary edge 22 directly into the corresponding wall of the water jacket core 10.
  • boundary edges 21, 22 are to be understood as meaning those two edges of the web core 20 which run essentially parallel to the longitudinal axes L of the cylinder recesses and bound the length of the web core 20 in the circumferential direction of the adjacent cylinder recesses.
  • Fig. 1 as well as the Fig. 2 as an enlarged detail show that the thickness B of the web core 20 between its first boundary edge 21 and its second boundary edge 22 is not uniform, but varies.
  • the cross-sectional configuration is equal to the section through a concave lens, wherein the smallest thickness B1 is on the connecting line 31 of the longitudinal axes L of the two adjacent cylinder recesses.
  • the design of the web core 20 is such that no coolant flow takes place from the one side of the water jacket on the other side in the later internal combustion engine, but instead a deflection flow takes place in the form of a loop.
  • the web core 20 is formed similar to a ring and encloses a disposed between the two boundary edges 21, 22 opening 30.
  • the axis 31 of the opening 30 preferably extends on the connecting line 31 of the two adjacent cylinder recesses.
  • Fig. 4 is illustrated by flow arrows, the flow in the formed by the web core 20, later coolant channel.
  • the flow can, depending on the specific geometric and thermodynamic boundary conditions, also take place in the reverse direction.
  • the web core 20 consists primarily of a typical core material, for. B. from a mixed with organic or inorganic binders molding sand. However, an exclusively trained web core would not have sufficient stability over that during the Casting process inflowing molten metal. For this reason, each web core 20 is reinforced to increase its strength, and this provided with a partially embedded in the web core 20 metal carrier.
  • the Fig. 3 shows the bridge core 20 including the metal carrier 25 disposed therein.
  • the metal carrier 25 which can also be referred to as a web plate, is manufactured separately in advance, preferably by punching from a material sheet having a sheet thickness of 0.5-2 mm, preferably 0.5-1 mm and more preferably 0.8 mm.
  • the use of aluminum or an aluminum alloy for the web plate 25 means that during casting all exposed metal areas are liquefied by the light metal melt, and rise as it were in the melt after their solidification.
  • the metal carrier 25 is only partially embedded in the core material of the web core 20. During the solidification process exposed areas of the metal carrier 25 in the solidifying molten aluminum and thus become part of the casting.
  • the end portion of the metal carrier 25 is blank and is included in the production of the water jacket core 10 in this, whereby it comes in the water jacket core 10 to a fixation of the metal carrier 25 and thus also of the web core 20.
  • the formation of the web cores 20 takes place in a core box 40.
  • the web cores 20 are formed in pairs, wherein the first boundary edges 21 are arranged facing each other.
  • the core box 40 provides space for a total of three such pairs.
  • a metal carrier 25 is first placed in the correct position.
  • the injection of sand mixed with organic or inorganic binders takes place via a two opening cores of a pair of web core associated bullet opening 41.
  • the bullet opening 41 leads via a branch 42 to the two mold cavities 45 for the web core pair.
  • the core material fed into the core box via the injection openings 41 therefore passes via the branch 42 into the mold spaces 45 extending on both sides, wherein the mold space 45 has its largest cross-sectional area in the region of the confluence coming from the injection opening 41 or the branch 42.
  • This largest cross-sectional area forms the first boundary edge 21 of the web core 20 and thus that region of the later coolant channel, via which the supply and removal of the coolant takes place.
  • the portion of the metal carrier 25 facing away from the injection opening 41 is fixed in the core mold, while the portion of the metal carrier facing the injection opening 41 protrudes freely into the mold space 45.
  • the paired web cores 20 can be removed therefrom. These are separated in the region of their first boundary edge 21 of the branch 42, and then as described in the mutually facing inner walls of the water jacket core 10 (FIG. Fig. 1 ) embedded.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft zunächst ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Zylinderkurbelgehäuses aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung, bei dem, vor dem Einfüllen der Metallschmelze, in einer das Äußere des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses formenden Gießform angeordnet werden:

  • Zylinderkerne für die Ausbildung der Zylinderausnehmungen,
  • wenigstens ein die Kühlkanäle des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses ausbildender Wassermantelkern, wobei zur Ausbildung zusätzlicher, zwischen den benachbarten Zylinderausnehmungen angeordneter Kühlmittelkanäle separat gefertigte Stegkerne innen an dem Wassermantelkern befestigt, und während des anschließenden Gießens von der Metallschmelze umschlossen werden.
The invention firstly relates to a method for producing a cylinder crankcase made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, in which, before filling the molten metal, in a forming the exterior of the cylinder crankcase casting mold are arranged:
  • Cylinder cores for the formation of the cylinder recesses,
  • at least one of the cooling channels of the cylinder crankcase forming water jacket core, wherein to form additional, arranged between the adjacent cylinder recesses coolant channels separately manufactured web cores mounted inside the water jacket core, and are enclosed during the subsequent casting of the molten metal.

Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Gießformanordnung für ein Zylinderkurbelgehäuse aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung, bei der in einer das Äußere des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses abbildenden Gießform angeordnet sind:

  • Zylinderkerne zur Abbildung der späteren Zylinderausnehmungen,
  • wenigstens ein die späteren Kühlkanäle des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses abbildender Wassermantelkern, wobei zur Abbildung zwischen den benachbarten Zylinderausnehmungen angeordneter Kühlmittelkanäle separate Stegkerne innen an dem Wassermantelkern befestigt sind.
The invention further relates to a mold assembly for a cylinder crankcase made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, in which are arranged in a casting of the exterior of the cylinder crankcase mold:
  • Cylinder cores for imaging the later cylinder recesses,
  • at least one of the later cooling channels of the cylinder crankcase imaging water jacket core, wherein for imaging between the adjacent cylinder recesses arranged coolant channels separate web cores are secured inside the water jacket core.

Um die Baulänge eines aus Leichtmetall und insbesondere aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung gegossenen Motorblocks gering zu halten, ist man bestrebt, die Zylinderausnehmungen der jeweiligen Zylinderreihe eng beieinander anzuordnen, d. h. mit entsprechend dünnwandigen Zylinderzwischenwänden zu arbeiten. Diese Zwischenwände unterliegen, vor allem bei modernen, mit hohen spezifischen Leistungen arbeitenden Verbrennungsmotoren durch die eng beieinanderliegenden Brennräume und die Wärmeentwicklung einer erhöhten thermischen Belastung. Diese Belastung wiederum macht es erforderlich, auch in den schmalen Zylinderzwischenwänden der Zylinderreihe Kühlmittelkanäle vorzusehen. Deren Unterbringung bereitet in der Praxis Schwierigkeiten. So gibt es im Stand der Technik zwar Bemühungen, dort mit Hilfe von nachträglich eingefügten Bohrlöchern Öffnungen für den Kühlwassertransport zu schaffen. Wegen der ohnehin geringen Wanddicken ist diese Möglichkeit jedoch nicht immer praktikabel, zudem ist die thermische Wirksamkeit bei vielen Anwendungen nicht optimal.In order to keep the overall length of an engine block cast from light metal and in particular made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy low, it is endeavored to arrange the cylinder recesses of the respective row of cylinders closely to one another, ie to work with correspondingly thin-walled cylinder partition walls. These partitions are subject, especially in modern, with high specific power combustion engines by the closely spaced combustion chambers and the heat of an increased thermal load. This load in turn makes it necessary to provide coolant channels even in the narrow cylinder partitions of the cylinder bank. Their placement is difficult in practice. Thus, although there are efforts in the prior art, there to create openings for the cooling water transport there with the help of subsequently inserted wells. Because of the anyway However, this possibility is not always practical with small wall thicknesses, and the thermal effectiveness is not optimal in many applications.

Aus der EP 0 197 365 A2 ist ein Verfahren zur gießtechnischen Herstellung eines Zylinderkurbelgehäuses bekannt, bei dem Kühlmäntel zu beiden Seiten der Zylinderbohrungen vorgesehen sind, wobei diese Kühlmäntel durch zusätzliche Kühlkanäle zwischen den Zylinderzwischenwänden verbunden sind. Diese Kühlkanäle werden durch separate Kerne in der Gießform geformt bzw. abgebildet, wobei die beiden Enden der Kerne in den Kühlmantelkern eingepasst sind. Als Material für die zusätzlichen Kerne ist Zirkonsand vorgesehen. In der Praxis kann es bei den angestrebten, geringen Querschnitten der Kerne infolge der bei der Fertigung unvermeidbar auftretenden Belastungen zu einem Bruch der Kerne kommen.From the EP 0 197 365 A2 is a method for the technical production of a cylinder crankcase known in which cooling jackets are provided on both sides of the cylinder bores, said cooling jackets are connected by additional cooling channels between the cylinder intermediate walls. These cooling channels are formed by separate cores in the mold, with the two ends of the cores fitted into the cooling jacket core. Zirconsand is provided as material for the additional cores. In practice, in the desired, small cross-sections of the cores due to the unavoidably occurring during manufacturing loads to break the cores come.

Aus der US 5,217,059 ist es bekannt, einen zusätzlichen Kühlkanal durch eine aus einem geeigneten Feuerfestmaterial hergestellte Platte zwischen zwei Zylinderausnehmungen auszubilden.From the US 5,217,059 It is known to form an additional cooling channel through a plate made of a suitable refractory material between two cylinder recesses.

Ein Aluminiumguss betreffendes Verfahren und eine Gießformanordnung mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs ist aus der EP 0 974 414 B1 bekannt. Zur Bereitstellung eines zusätzlichen Kühlmittelquerschnitts zwischen benachbarten Zylinderausnehmungen werden aus Glas gefertigte Stegkerne in der Gießform angeordnet und mit ihren beiden Enden fixiert. Allerdings ist Glas im Hinblick auf die spätere Entformung des erstarrten Aluminium-Gussteils kein idealer Kernwerkstoff. Ähnliches gilt für die in dieser Druckschrift ebenfalls erwähnten Stegkerne aus einem Salz oder aus Graphit.An aluminum casting related method and a mold assembly having the features of the preamble is known from EP 0 974 414 B1 known. To provide an additional coolant cross-section between adjacent cylinder recesses made of glass web cores are arranged in the mold and fixed with its two ends. However, glass is not an ideal core material in view of the subsequent demolding of the solidified aluminum casting. The same applies to the also mentioned in this document web cores made of a salt or graphite.

Auch aus der WO 2005/102560 A2 ist ein Aluminiumguss betreffendes Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zylinderkurbelgehäusen bekannt, bei dem zwischen den späteren Zylinderausnehmungen Stegkerne angeordnet werden. In diese sind zur Verstärkung Träger eingebettet, die aus einem bei der Gießtemperatur nicht schmelzenden Metall bestehen, und insbesondere aus Stahl.Also from the WO 2005/102560 A2 For example, an aluminum casting-related method for producing cylinder crankcases is known in which web cores are arranged between the later cylinder recesses. In this carrier are embedded for reinforcement, which consist of a non-melting at the casting temperature metal, and in particular of steel.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Herstellen und eine Gießformanordnung für ein Zylinderkurbelgehäuse aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung zu schaffen, mit dem bzw. mit der sich kompakt bauende Verbrennungsmotoren unter Vermeidung der bei Verwendung üblicher Sandkerne zu erwartenden Nachteile gießen lassen, wobei eine hohe Produktivität bei der Herstellung erzielbar sein soll.The invention has for its object to provide a method for manufacturing and a mold assembly for a cylinder crankcase made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, can pour with or with the compact combustion engines while avoiding the use of conventional sand cores expected disadvantages, with a high productivity in the production should be achievable.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale der Patentansprüche 1 betreffend das Verfahren und 9 betreffend die Gießformanordnung.This object is achieved by the features of claims 1 concerning the method and 9 concerning the mold assembly.

Die Erfindung geht von der Überlegung aus, dass im Hinblick auf eine schnelle und komplikationslose Entformung des erstarrten Gussteils aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung herkömmliche, gebundene Kernsande weiterhin die Kernwerkstoffe erster Wahl sind, sie allerdings beim Formen besonders schmaler Stege Festigkeits- und Stabilitätsprobleme zeigen, etwa gegenüber der Belastung durch die in die Gussform einschießende Metallschmelze aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung. Diese Nachteile lassen sich vermeiden durch die Verwendung von Stegkernen in die zur Stabilisierung gegenüber der zufließenden Metallschmelze zumindest bereichsweise Metallträger eingebettet sind, wobei die Metallträger aus demselben oder einem verwandten Werkstoff wie der Gusswerkstoff selbst bestehen. Die Verwendung von Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung für das Stegblech führt dazu, dass beim Guss alle offenliegenden Metallbereiche durch die Leichtmetallschmelze verflüssigt werden, und gleichsam in der Schmelze nach deren Erstarrung mit aufgehen.The invention is based on the consideration that with a view to a quick and uncomplicated demolding of the solidified casting of aluminum or a Aluminum alloy conventional bonded core sands continue to be the core materials of choice, however, they show strength and stability problems when forming particularly narrow webs, such as the load from the molten aluminum or aluminum alloy molten metal entering the mold. These disadvantages can be avoided by the use of web cores embedded in the at least partially metal support for stabilization against the inflowing molten metal, wherein the metal support consist of the same or a related material as the cast material itself. The use of aluminum or an aluminum alloy for the web plate leads to the fact that during casting all exposed metal areas are liquefied by the light metal melt, and, as it were in the melt after their solidification with rise.

Mit diesem Verfahren bzw. mit dieser Gießformanordnung lassen sich kompakt bauende Verbrennungsmotoren ohne die bei Verwendung von Sandkernen zu beachtenden Beschränkungen gießen, wobei eine hohe Produktivität bei der Herstellung erzielbar ist. Zur Bildung zusätzlicher Kühlmittelkanäle zwischen benachbarten Zylinderausnehmungen ist es auch nicht erforderlich, durch eine spanabhebende Bearbeitung in das Erstarrungsgefüge des Gussmaterials einzugreifen.With this method or with this casting mold arrangement, it is possible to cast compact internal combustion engines without the restrictions to be observed when using sand cores, with it being possible to achieve high productivity in the production. To form additional coolant channels between adjacent cylinder recesses, it is also not necessary to intervene by a machining in the solidification structure of the casting material.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen erschließen sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels, wobei auf die Zeichnungen Bezug genommen wird. Darin zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Teilschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Gießformanordnung zum Gießen eines Zylinderkurbelgehäuses;
Fig. 2
das Detail II der Fig. 1 in vergrößertem Maßstab;
Fig. 3
in einer Ansicht einen in der Gießformanordnung verwendeten Stegkern mit darin teils eingebettetem Metallträger;
Fig. 4
eine der Fig. 3 vergleichbare Ansicht, diesmal des durch den Stegkern erzeugten Hohlraums sowie dessen Durchströmung;
Fig. 5
eine Draufsicht auf einen geöffneten Kernkasten zur gleichzeitigen Herstellung einer Mehrzahl an Stegkernen und
Fig. 6
einen Schnitt entsprechend der Schnittebene VI - VI in Fig. 5.
Advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment, reference being made to the drawings. Show:
Fig. 1
a partial section through a mold assembly according to the invention for casting a cylinder crankcase;
Fig. 2
the detail II of the Fig. 1 on an enlarged scale;
Fig. 3
in a view of a web core used in the mold assembly with therein partially embedded metal carrier;
Fig. 4
one of the Fig. 3 comparable view, this time of the cavity produced by the web core and its flow;
Fig. 5
a plan view of an open core box for simultaneously producing a plurality of web cores and
Fig. 6
a section corresponding to the section plane VI - VI in Fig. 5 ,

Die Fig. 1 zeigt in einer Übersichtsdarstellung eine mehrteilig aufgebaute Gießformanordnung 1 zur Herstellung eines Zylinderkurbelgehäuses aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung. Das Äußere des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses, hier eines Verbrennungsmotors mit Anordnung der einzelnen Zylinderräume in Reihe und gegebenenfalls auch in V- oder W-Form, wird durch eine für den Gießprozess in einem Gießrahmen angeordnete Gießform 3 geformt. Zur Formung bzw. Abbildung der in Reihe angeordneten Zylinderausnehmungen des Motorblocks werden entsprechende Zylinderkerne 5 in der äußeren Gießform 3 angeordnet. Die Zylinderkerne 5 können axial, d. h. längs ihrer Achse L in die Gießform 3 einfahrbare Pinolen aus Metall sein, die während des Gießprozesses von innen her gekühlt werden, um ihre Entformbarkeit nach dem Abkühlen der Aluminiumschmelze zu verbessern.The Fig. 1 shows an overview of a multi-part mold assembly 1 for producing a cylinder crankcase made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. The exterior of the cylinder crankcase, here one Internal combustion engine with arrangement of the individual cylinder chambers in series and optionally also in V or W-shape is formed by a casting mold 3 arranged in a casting frame for the casting process. For shaping or imaging of the row cylinder recesses arranged in the engine block corresponding cylinder cores 5 are arranged in the outer mold 3. The cylinder cores 5 can axially, ie be retractable along their axis L in the mold 3 quills made of metal, which are cooled during the casting process from the inside to improve their mold release after cooling of the aluminum melt.

Für die Ausbildung der Kühlkanäle des Motorblocks wird in der Gießform 3 ferner ein ein- oder mehrteiliger Wassermantelkern 10 aus Formsand platziert. Der Wassermantelkern 10 bildet jene Bereiche im Zylinderkurbelgehäuse ab, die nach dem Abguss freibleiben, um so im Verbrennungsmotor eine Durchspülung des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses mit Kühlflüssigkeit und damit die Abführung der beim Verbrennungsprozess entstehenden Wärme zu ermöglichen.For the formation of the cooling channels of the engine block, a single-part or multi-part water jacket core 10 made of molding sand is also placed in the casting mold 3. The water jacket core 10 depicts those regions in the cylinder crankcase which remain free after the casting, so as to allow a flushing of the cylinder crankcase with cooling fluid in the internal combustion engine and thus the dissipation of the heat generated during the combustion process.

Bei hochbelasteten Verbrennungsmotoren und insbesondere bei Dieselmotoren mit Turboaufladung ist zur Vermeidung einer zu hohen thermischen Belastung im Motorbetrieb eine zusätzliche Kühlung des Bereichs zwischen jeweils benachbarten Zylinderräumen erforderlich. Zum Formen bzw. Abbilden entsprechender Kühlmittelkanäle verfügt die fertige Gießformanordnung 1 zusätzlich über quer zur Zylinderreihe angeordnete Stegkerne 20 zwischen jeweils benachbarten Zylinderkernen 5. Beim Betrieb des Verbrennungsmotors ermöglichen die durch diese Stegkerne 20 geschaffenen Hohlräume ein Strömen des Kühlmediums auch in der Zwischenwandung zwischen benachbarten Zylindern. Der hierfür zur Verfügung stehende Platz ist allerdings stark eingeschränkt, nachdem bei modernen Verbrennungsmotoren die Tendenz dahin geht, zur Reduzierung der Gesamtbaulänge auch den Abstand A zwischen aufeinanderfolgenden Zylinderausnehmungen soweit als möglich zu verkleinern. Zugleich soll auf diesem geringen Abstand A ein Kühlmittelkanal untergebracht werden, dessen Strömungsquerschnitt zudem im Hinblick auf einen ausreichenden Kühlmitteldurchsatz nicht zu gering sein sollte.In highly loaded internal combustion engines and in particular in diesel engines with turbocharging an additional cooling of the area between each adjacent cylinder chambers is required to avoid excessive thermal load during engine operation. For molding or imaging of corresponding coolant channels, the finished casting arrangement 1 additionally has web cores 20 arranged transversely to the row of cylinders between respectively adjacent cylinder cores 5. During operation of the internal combustion engine, the cavities created by these web cores 20 allow the cooling medium to flow also in the intermediate wall between adjacent cylinders. The space available for this purpose, however, is severely limited, since in modern internal combustion engines, the tendency is to reduce as far as possible to reduce the overall construction length and the distance A between successive cylinder recesses. At the same time a coolant duct is to be accommodated on this small distance A, whose flow cross-section should also not be too low in view of a sufficient coolant throughput.

Das Formen bzw. das gießtechnische Abbilden dieses zusätzlichen Kühlmittelkanals übernimmt der in Fig. 3 wiedergegebene Stegkern 20. Dieser ist mit seinem ersten Begrenzungsrand 21 innen an oder in dem Wassermantelkern 10 fixiert, und mit seinem zweiten Begrenzungsrand 22 an der gegenüberliegenden Innenwandung des Wassermantelkerns 10 fixiert. Die Fixierung erfolgt jeweils durch Einschießen des Formsandes in eine Kernform, welche den Wassermantelkern 10 formt.The molding or the casting technology mapping of this additional coolant channel takes over in Fig. 3 This is fixed with its first boundary edge 21 inside or in the water jacket core 10, and fixed with its second boundary edge 22 on the opposite inner wall of the water jacket core 10. The fixation takes place in each case by injecting the molding sand into a core mold, which forms the water jacket core 10.

Bei dem hier wiedergegebenen Ausführungsbeispiel wird der erste Begrenzungsrand 21 des Stegkerns 20 unmittelbar in die eine Wandung des Wassermantelkerns 10 eingebettet, hingegen der zweite Begrenzungsrand 22 nicht unmittelbar in der gegenüberliegenden Wandung befestigt, sondern an dieser nur mittelbar befestigt, nämlich über ein zusätzliches Bauteil in Gestalt eines im Folgenden noch näher erläuterten Stegblechs 25. Alternativ besteht natürlich auch die Möglichkeit, auch den anderen, also zweiten Begrenzungsrand 22 unmittelbar in die entsprechende Wandung des Wassermantelkerns 10 einzubetten.In the embodiment shown here, the first boundary edge 21 of the web core 20 is embedded directly into the one wall of the water jacket core 10, however, the second boundary edge 22 is not attached directly in the opposite wall, but attached to this only indirectly, namely an additional component in shape Alternatively, of course, it is also possible to embed the other, ie the second boundary edge 22 directly into the corresponding wall of the water jacket core 10.

In diesem Zusammenhang sollen unter den Begrenzungsrändern 21, 22 jene beiden im Wesentlichen parallel zu den Längsachsen L der Zylinderausnehmungen verlaufenden Ränder des Stegkerns 20 verstanden werden, die die Länge des Stegkerns 20 in Umfangsrichtung der benachbarten Zylinderausnehmungen begrenzen.In this connection, the boundary edges 21, 22 are to be understood as meaning those two edges of the web core 20 which run essentially parallel to the longitudinal axes L of the cylinder recesses and bound the length of the web core 20 in the circumferential direction of the adjacent cylinder recesses.

Die Fig. 1 sowie die Fig. 2 als Ausschnittsvergrößerung zeigen, dass die Dicke B des Stegkerns 20 zwischen seinem ersten Begrenzungsrand 21 und seinem zweiten Begrenzungsrand 22 nicht einheitlich ist, sondern sie variiert. Im Schnitt ist die Querschnittsgestaltung gleich dem Schnitt durch eine konkave Linse, wobei sich die geringste Dicke B1 auf der Verbindungslinie 31 der Längsachsen L der beiden benachbarten Zylinderausnehmungen befindet.The Fig. 1 as well as the Fig. 2 as an enlarged detail show that the thickness B of the web core 20 between its first boundary edge 21 and its second boundary edge 22 is not uniform, but varies. In section, the cross-sectional configuration is equal to the section through a concave lens, wherein the smallest thickness B1 is on the connecting line 31 of the longitudinal axes L of the two adjacent cylinder recesses.

Bei dem hier beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Gestaltung des Stegkerns 20 derart, dass im späteren Verbrennungsmotor keine Kühlmittelströmung von der einen Seite des Wassermantels auf dessen andere Seite stattfindet, sondern es findet eine Umlenkströmung in Gestalt einer Schleife statt. Gemäß Fig. 3 ist der Stegkern 20 ähnlich einem Ring ausgebildet und umschließt eine zwischen den beiden Begrenzungsrändern 21, 22 angeordnete Öffnung 30. Die Achse 31 der Öffnung 30 erstreckt sich vorzugsweise auf der Verbindungslinie 31 der zwei benachbarten Zylinderausnehmungen.In the embodiment described here, the design of the web core 20 is such that no coolant flow takes place from the one side of the water jacket on the other side in the later internal combustion engine, but instead a deflection flow takes place in the form of a loop. According to Fig. 3 the web core 20 is formed similar to a ring and encloses a disposed between the two boundary edges 21, 22 opening 30. The axis 31 of the opening 30 preferably extends on the connecting line 31 of the two adjacent cylinder recesses.

In Fig. 4 ist anhand von Strömungspfeilen die Durchströmung in dem durch den Stegkern 20 geformten, späteren Kühlmittelkanal illustriert. Selbstverständlich kann die Durchströmung, je nach den konkreten geometrischen und thermodynamischen Randbedingungen, auch in umgekehrter Richtung erfolgen.In Fig. 4 is illustrated by flow arrows, the flow in the formed by the web core 20, later coolant channel. Of course, the flow can, depending on the specific geometric and thermodynamic boundary conditions, also take place in the reverse direction.

Der Stegkern 20 besteht in erster Linie aus einem typischen Kernwerkstoff, z. B. aus einem mit organischen oder anorganischen Bindemitteln versetzten Formsand. Ein ausschließlich so ausgebildeter Stegkern hätte jedoch nicht genügend Stabilität gegenüber der während des Gießprozesses zufließenden Metallschmelze. Aus diesem Grund ist jeder Stegkern 20 zur Erhöhung seiner Festigkeit armiert, und hierzu mit einem partiell in den Stegkern 20 eingebetteten Metallträger versehen. Die Fig. 3 zeigt den Stegkern 20 einschließlich des darin angeordneten Metallträgers 25.The web core 20 consists primarily of a typical core material, for. B. from a mixed with organic or inorganic binders molding sand. However, an exclusively trained web core would not have sufficient stability over that during the Casting process inflowing molten metal. For this reason, each web core 20 is reinforced to increase its strength, and this provided with a partially embedded in the web core 20 metal carrier. The Fig. 3 shows the bridge core 20 including the metal carrier 25 disposed therein.

Der Metallträger 25, der sich auch als Stegblech bezeichnen lässt, wird vorab separat gefertigt, vorzugsweise durch Stanzen aus einem Materialblech mit einer Blechdicke von 0,5 - 2 mm, vorzugsweise 0,5 - 1 mm und besonders bevorzugt 0,8 mm. Die Verwendung von Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung für das Stegblech 25 führt dazu, dass beim Guss alle offenliegenden Metallbereiche durch die Leichtmetallschmelze verflüssigt werden, und gleichsam in der Schmelze nach deren Erstarrung mit aufgehen.The metal carrier 25, which can also be referred to as a web plate, is manufactured separately in advance, preferably by punching from a material sheet having a sheet thickness of 0.5-2 mm, preferably 0.5-1 mm and more preferably 0.8 mm. The use of aluminum or an aluminum alloy for the web plate 25 means that during casting all exposed metal areas are liquefied by the light metal melt, and rise as it were in the melt after their solidification.

Der Metallträger 25 ist nur bereichsweise in den Kernwerkstoff des Stegkerns 20 eingebettet. Während des Erstarrungsprozesses gehen freiliegende Bereiche des Metallträgers 25 in der erstarrenden Aluminiumschmelze auf und werden so Teil des Gusses.The metal carrier 25 is only partially embedded in the core material of the web core 20. During the solidification process exposed areas of the metal carrier 25 in the solidifying molten aluminum and thus become part of the casting.

Der Endabschnitt des Metallträgers 25 ist blank und wird bei der Herstellung des Wassermantelkerns 10 in diesem eingeschlossen, wodurch es im Wassermantelkern 10 zu einer Fixierung des Metallträgers 25 und damit auch des Stegkerns 20 kommt.The end portion of the metal carrier 25 is blank and is included in the production of the water jacket core 10 in this, whereby it comes in the water jacket core 10 to a fixation of the metal carrier 25 and thus also of the web core 20.

Die Herstellung der Stegkerne mit den darin bereichsweise eingebetteten Metallträgern wird im Folgenden anhand der Figuren 5 und 6 erläutert.The production of the web cores with the metal carriers embedded in some areas will be described below with reference to FIGS FIGS. 5 and 6 explained.

Die Formung der Stegkerne 20 erfolgt in einem Kernkasten 40. Die Stegkerne 20 werden darin paarweise geformt, wobei die ersten Begrenzungsränder 21 einander zugewandt angeordnet sind. Beim Ausführungsbeispiel bietet der Kernkasten 40 Platz für insgesamt drei solcher Paare.The formation of the web cores 20 takes place in a core box 40. The web cores 20 are formed in pairs, wherein the first boundary edges 21 are arranged facing each other. In the embodiment, the core box 40 provides space for a total of three such pairs.

In den einzelnen Formräumen 45 für die Stegkerne wird zunächst jeweils ein Metallträger 25 in richtiger Lage platziert.In the individual mold spaces 45 for the web cores, a metal carrier 25 is first placed in the correct position.

Das Einschießen von mit organischen oder anorganischen Bindemitteln versetztem Sand erfolgt über eine beiden Stegkernen eines Stegkernpaars zugeordnete Einschussöffnung 41. Die Einschussöffnung 41 führt über eine Verzweigung 42 zu den beiden Formräumen 45 für das Stegkernpaar.The injection of sand mixed with organic or inorganic binders takes place via a two opening cores of a pair of web core associated bullet opening 41. The bullet opening 41 leads via a branch 42 to the two mold cavities 45 for the web core pair.

Das über die Einschussöffnungen 41 in den Kernkasten zugeführte Kernmaterial gelangt daher über die Verzweigung 42 in die zu beiden Seiten sich erstreckenden Formräume 45, wobei der Formraum 45 seine größte Querschnittsfläche im Bereich der von der Einschussöffnung 41 bzw. der Verzweigung 42 kommenden Einmündung aufweist. Diese größte Querschnittsfläche formt den ersten Begrenzungsrand 21 des Stegkerns 20 und damit jenen Bereich des späteren Kühlmittelkanals, über den der Zu- und Abtransport des Kühlmittels erfolgt.The core material fed into the core box via the injection openings 41 therefore passes via the branch 42 into the mold spaces 45 extending on both sides, wherein the mold space 45 has its largest cross-sectional area in the region of the confluence coming from the injection opening 41 or the branch 42. This largest cross-sectional area forms the first boundary edge 21 of the web core 20 and thus that region of the later coolant channel, via which the supply and removal of the coolant takes place.

Der der Einschussöffnung 41 abgewandte Abschnitt des Metallträgers 25 ist in der Kernform fixiert, während der der Einschussöffnung 41 zugewandte Abschnitt des Metallträgers frei in den Formraum 45 hineinragt.The portion of the metal carrier 25 facing away from the injection opening 41 is fixed in the core mold, while the portion of the metal carrier facing the injection opening 41 protrudes freely into the mold space 45.

Nach Öffnen des Kernkastens 40 lassen sich die paarweise geformten Stegkerne 20 daraus entnehmen. Diese werden im Bereich ihres ersten Begrenzungsrandes 21 von der Verzweigung 42 abgetrennt, und dann wie beschrieben in den einander zugewandten Innenwandungen des Wassermantelkerns 10 (Fig. 1) eingebettet.After opening the core box 40, the paired web cores 20 can be removed therefrom. These are separated in the region of their first boundary edge 21 of the branch 42, and then as described in the mutually facing inner walls of the water jacket core 10 (FIG. Fig. 1 ) embedded.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Gießformanordnungmold assembly
33
Gießformmold
55
Zylinderkerncylinder core
1010
WassermantelkernWater jacket core
2020
StegkernSteg core
2121
erster Begrenzungsrandfirst boundary border
2222
zweiter Begrenzungsrandsecond boundary edge
2525
Stegblech, MetallträgerWeb plate, metal carrier
3030
Öffnungopening
3131
Achse der ÖffnungAxis of the opening
4040
Kernkastencore box
4141
Einschussöffnungbullet hole
4242
Verzweigungbranch
4545
Formraumcavity
AA
Abstanddistance
BB
Dickethickness
B1B1
Dickethickness
LL
Längsachse ZylinderausnehmungLongitudinal axis of the cylinder recess

Claims (17)

  1. Method for producing a cylinder crankcase from aluminium or an aluminium alloy, in which, before pouring in the metal melt, the following are arranged in a casting mould (3) which shapes the exterior of the cylinder crankcase:
    - cylinder cores (5) for forming the cylinder recesses,
    - at least one water jacket core (10) which forms the cooling channels of the cylinder crankcase, wherein, in order to form additional coolant channels arranged between the adjacent cylinder recesses, separately manufactured bridge cores (20) are fixed internally on the water jacket core (10) and are surrounded by the metal melt during the subsequent casting,
    characterized by the use of bridge cores (20) which, for the purposes of stabilizing the latter with respect to the inflowing metal melt, are provided with a metal support (25) embedded at least partially therein, said metal support being made of aluminium or of an aluminium alloy.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, when being fixed to the water jacket core (10), at least one end of the bridge core (20) is embedded in the core material of the water jacket core (10).
  3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that, in order to fix the other end of the bridge core (20), a section of the metal support (25) which is not embedded in the bridge core (20) is embedded in the core material of the water jacket core (10).
  4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by using a metal support (25) configured as a flat sheet-metal part having a sheet thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm, preferably 0.5 to 1 mm.
  5. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that the metal support (25) is produced by punching from a material sheet.
  6. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bridge core (20) is manufactured with at least partial embedding of the metal support (25) by shooting sand, to which organic or inorganic binders have been added, into the cavity (45) of a core box (40), into which the metal support (25) has been placed beforehand.
  7. Method according to claim 6, characterized by manufacturing the bridge cores (20) in pairs via a shooting opening of the core box (40) which is common to both bridge cores (20), wherein a section of the metal support (25) facing away from the shooting opening is fixed in the core box (40) while a section of the metal support (25) facing towards the shooting opening projects freely into the cavity (45).
  8. Method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the cavity (45) has its greatest cross-sectional area in the region of the mouth coming from the shooting opening (41).
  9. Casting mould arrangement for a cylinder crankcase made of aluminium or an aluminium alloy, in which the following are arranged in a casting mould (3) which shapes the exterior of the cylinder crankcase:
    - cylinder cores (5) for forming the subsequent cylinder recesses,
    - at least one water jacket core (10) which forms the subsequent cooling channels of the cylinder crankcase, wherein, in order to form coolant channels arranged between the adjacent cylinder recesses, separate bridge cores (20) are fixed internally on the water jacket core (10),
    characterized in that the bridge cores (20) are provided with a metal support (25) embedded at least partially therein, said metal support being made of aluminium or of an aluminium alloy.
  10. Casting mould arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one end of the bridge core (20) is embedded in the core material of the water jacket core (10).
  11. Casting mould arrangement according to claim 10, characterized in that, in order to fix the other end of the bridge core (20), a section of the metal support (25) which is not embedded in the bridge core (20) is embedded in the core material of the water jacket core (10).
  12. Casting mould arrangement according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized by a metal support (25) configured as a flat sheet-metal part having a sheet thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm, preferably 0.5 to 1 mm.
  13. Casting mould arrangement according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the bridge core (20) is made of sand, to which organic or inorganic binders have been added.
  14. Casting mould arrangement according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that, as seen in the circumferential direction of the two adjacent cylinder recesses, the bridge core (20) extends between a first (21) and a second (22) boundary edge, wherein the two boundary edges (21, 22) extend parallel to the longitudinal axis (L) of the cylinder recesses.
  15. Casting mould arrangement according to claim 14, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the bridge core (20), as seen in the circumferential direction of the two adjacent cylinder walls, is greater at or close to its first boundary edge (21) than at all other bridge cross-sections.
  16. Casting mould arrangement according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that a section of the metal support (25) which is not embedded in the bridge core (2) projects from the second boundary edge (22) and is embedded in the core material of the water jacket core (10).
  17. Casting mould arrangement according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the bridge core (20) is configured as a ring which encloses an opening (30) arranged between the two boundary edges (21, 22), the axis (31) of the opening (30) extending along the connecting line of the two adjacent cylinder recesses.
EP13190037.5A 2012-11-06 2013-10-24 Method for producing a cylinder crankcase and casting assembly for a cylinder crankcase Active EP2727668B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL13190037T PL2727668T3 (en) 2012-11-06 2013-10-24 Method for producing a cylinder crankcase and casting assembly for a cylinder crankcase

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012110592.8A DE102012110592A1 (en) 2012-11-06 2012-11-06 A method of manufacturing a cylinder crankcase and a casting block assembly for a cylinder crankcase

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EP2727668A1 EP2727668A1 (en) 2014-05-07
EP2727668B1 true EP2727668B1 (en) 2016-08-31

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EP2727668A1 (en) 2014-05-07
PL2727668T3 (en) 2017-12-29
HUE031056T2 (en) 2017-06-28

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