EP2454037B1 - Mold insert for a casting core and/or a casting mold and casting core and/or casting mold comprising a mold insert - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a mold insert for a casting core and / or a casting mold according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention further relates to a casting core for the production of cast metal components with a mold insert according to claim 13 and a casting mold according to claim 18.

For the production of components made of cast metals with internal or external contours are usually used permanent molds or lost molds, possibly with internal or external casting cores. Lost cores are made of sand in core boxes. These are provided with corresponding mold cavities, into which fill openings open, over which the sand mixed with a binder is filled.

After filling the sand mixture in the core box, the curing follows. Subsequently, the core, which is now inherently dimensionally stable, is removed from the core box and - possibly together with other casting cores - positioned in a permanent mold or lost mold, which is filled in the subsequent casting process with a flowable metal, namely an iron or non-ferrous alloy.

After solidification of the cast metal, the component is removed from the mold and possibly freed from the sand. Subsequent cleaning removes any mold residue. The finished end product now has the desired shape.

Such a shaping can, for example, have a cavity structure. An example of this is the cooling water jacket of a reciprocating internal combustion engine. Its cylinder block (cylinder crankcase) has one or more cylinder bores bounded by cylinder walls. In order to achieve a compact motor design, one chooses small cylinder spacings, so that the cylinder walls of adjacent cylinders touch. However, these areas called webs are no longer traversed by coolant, which can lead to thermal problems. For this reason, cooling between the contacting cylinders is usually necessary, in particular in the upper region of the combustion chamber of the cylinders, i. at the top dead center of the piston sliding in the cylinders.

To achieve this, one has introduced holes in the cylinder webs. However, these have too small a flow cross-section. In addition, due to the circular cross-section of the holes, locally too thin a cylinder wall, which may tend to crack at high Zünddruck- and temperature stress.

In DE-A1-33 00 924 It has been proposed to pour tubes into the cylinder bars which are intended to establish a connection between the lateral cooling water jackets of the cylinder block. The problem here is that the pipes must be pre-machined at the ends and sealed during casting. In addition, the tubes are cut by the cylinder bores, so that within the cylinder different materials with different material and surface properties are present, which is highly problematic.

EP-A1-0 197 365 forms the cooling water channels in the cylinder webs with separate core webs, which connect the two opposite longitudinal sides of the water jacket core in height of the cylinder combustion chamber. The core bars will - regardless of the sheath core - formed from high-density zircon sand to obtain the necessary strength, and then fitted in the casting core. The disadvantage here is that the core webs break easily in the formation of very narrow channels, which can lead to damage to the casting. Moreover, the use of zircon sand entails high costs, because the material is relatively expensive and a separate tool is necessary for the production of the core webs.

On off DE-C2-38 28 093 known casting core for the water jacket of a cylinder block used for the production of cooling water channels in the cylinder webs separate supports in the form of rectangular plates of sintered oxide ceramic. Each ceramic plate is provided at its in the installed state parallel to the cylinder axes edges with triangular edge beads in cross-section, which should be anchored in core shooting in the water jacket core. The disadvantage of this is that the production of ceramic supports is very expensive, because the necessary materials and tools are relatively expensive. Another problem is that the ceramic material is very resistant, whereby the columns are not destroyed reliably during the casting process. Then, however, the remnants of material can not be easily removed when cleaning the component.

Another disadvantage of dating DE-C2-38 28 093 known casting cores is that the ceramic plates touch the casting metal at numerous points. Casting on ceramic, however, can lead to a quenching effect on the casting material, which can form a different material structure in the contact areas. This in turn often leads to tensions within the finished component or to machining problems.

DE-A1-198 32 718 envisages the use of separate core carbon parts for the formation of smaller voids in castings, which are burned out after the casting process with the introduction of oxygen. The core parts are designed as graphite plates. They are arranged as bridges in the mold cavity of the cylinder bore intermediate wall and formed with their thickened ends when shooting the sand mixture into the casting core. The disadvantage here is that the production of graphite plates is complicated and expensive. In addition, the graphite plates must be burned out by an additional step. This requires additional equipment, which has an unfavorable effect on the production costs. Regardless of all, graphite plates are very problematic to handle because they can easily break, especially when the thickness of the plate is 0.5 to 2 mm.

DE 10 334 855 B3 discloses a method for positioning metallic parts in or on substantially sand-cast foundry cores or core packages in a casting mold, wherein the metallic part is placed around the core or around a portion of the core with at least slight play, and centered and fixed by force-locking a clamping body between the core and the metallic part takes place. The clamping body may comprise a metallic material or a fibrous material.

In US 5,217,059 A is described a mold insert for a casting core for the production of cavities in a component to be produced, which has a base body made of metal, wherein the base body is provided with a cover of a fibrous or yarn-containing material. After production of the component, the metallic base body is first pulled out on a tab from the component and the cover. Subsequently, the cover, which loses its dimensional stability by pulling out the body, can be relatively easily removed from the component.

The aim of the invention is to avoid these and other disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a mold insert for a mold and / or a casting core, which is suitable for the formation of small to very small cavities or recesses in castings. The mold insert should be simple and inexpensive to construct and easy to handle, in particular, the risk of breakage in thicknesses smaller than 2 mm is significantly reduced. The mold insert should also be removed as a lost molding quickly and easily from the finished component.

Another important aim of the invention is to provide a casting core and / or a casting mold for the production of cast metal components which, in addition to larger cavities, is also suitable for the formation of small to very small cavities or recesses in castings. The casting core or the mold should be simple and inexpensive and easy to handle, as well as to be completely and easily removed after the casting process. The aim is also a possible free design of the components, in particular with narrow or narrow cavities, channels, recesses or contour areas.

Main features of the invention are specified in the characterizing part of claim 1 and in claims 13, 18, 19 and 20. Embodiments are the subject of claims 2 to 12 and 14 to 17.

In a mold insert for a casting core and / or a casting mold for the production of components made of cast metal, which are to be provided with small and / or narrow cavities, with a base body having at least one contact area to the casting metal and at least one contact area to the casting core and / or to the mold, the invention provides that the base body is made of a fiber and / or yarn-containing material.

The use of fibrous and / or yarn-containing material allows the production of mold inserts, which may have almost any shape within the casting core and / or within the mold. In particular, product-related shapes and contours can be realized that were not possible with previously customary production methods and materials in the foundry industry. Due to the intrinsic elasticity of the fiber-containing and / or yarn-containing material, the mold inserts can be made extremely thin, so that extremely small and / or narrow cavities or voids are formed within a cavity structure, without, however, the risk that within form the form deposits cracks or breakages. Thereby can within the component to be produced no burrs or damaged areas that lead to rejects or that must be removed later in a complex treatment.

Another advantage of the mold inserts according to the invention is that they can be manufactured extremely inexpensively compared to conventional ceramic supports or core parts. In addition, no complicated machines or apparatuses are more necessary for the production and handling of the mold inserts according to the invention. Rather, the material used ensures that the mold inserts can be formed with sufficient strength and in such a stable form that they are always firmly and accurately integrated into the casting core and / or into the casting mold.

The mold inserts according to the invention can be used, for example, in the formation of a cooling water jacket in an engine block of a reciprocating internal combustion engine, wherein by means of the mold inserts in the narrow cylinder lands between the cylinder bores extremely thin channels are formed, for example, have a width of less than 1.5 mm. Thus, the use of the mold inserts made of fiber and / or yarn-containing material allows the engine designer to form a web cooling with optimally remaining cylinder wall. Moreover, the water bridge can be formed without the hitherto customary draft, which further increases the clear cross-sectional area of the channel to be formed.

The fibrous material is cardboard, paperboard, paper, nonwoven, nonwoven or felt, while the yarn containing material is a woven, knitted or knitted fabric. These materials can not only be procured in optimum quality at low cost, but also the processing into product-related mold inserts is simple and possible at low cost.

The cardboard, paperboard, paper, nonwoven, nonwoven or felt material may be mechanically, thermally or chemically consolidated prior to final shaping and / or incorporation into a foundry core and / or casting mold such that the insert has sufficient strength and intrinsic stability exhibit.

The fiber and / or yarn-containing material may consist of ceramic, glass or carbon fibers, whereby further applications and applications are developed.

An important embodiment of the invention provides that the fiber and / or yarn-containing material is mixed and / or impregnated with a binder. The mold insert can thereby be cured in a predeterminable form, optionally in one step with the curing of the casting core and / or the casting mold. The shaping of the mold insert can take place within the core box, within the casting mold or separately. The binder may be dry, moist, liquid or gaseous.

A significant advantage of the invention is that within the component precise contours can be produced with very small dimensions that meet even strict Toleranzaoforderungen. At the same time the risk of breakage compared to conventional ceramic supports or core parts are significantly reduced, which has a favorable effect on the component function, the quality and efficiency of the components to be cast.

It is further advantageous that the materials provided for the mold inserts and the sand used for the production of the casting core and / or the possibly lost casting mold have similar thermal properties, so that the casting metal is not quenched in the contact areas with the mold inserts. The microstructure of the cast metal thus remains unchanged homogeneous, which has a favorable effect on the quality of the components.

Another advantage of the invention is that the mold inserts do not hinder the shrinkage of the component occurring during the solidification process. Therefore, no additional voltages can arise in the component.

The invention further provides that the base body is coated, for example with a conventional heat-resistant or refractory material. As a result, the mold insert remains dimensionally stable until the surface of the cast component solidifies.

A development of the invention provides that the contact region of the base body to the casting core and / or the casting mold is provided with at least one opening. As a result, the sand volume of the casting core or of the casting mold is connected to each other on both sides of the mold insert. The casting core and the mold insert thus form a solid bond that is not weakened locally.

The main body of the mold insert may be formed in one or more layers according to a further aspect of the invention, wherein the individual layers or layers of a consist of uniform material or of different fiber and / or yarn-containing materials.

In order to further increase the strength of the mold inserts, the base body may have a reinforcement, which may be e.g. is arranged between the individual layers of the base body. Considered, for example, a perforated plate or a wire mesh that is firmly integrated into the mold insert.

The use of cardboard, cardboard or paper or other non-heat-resistant materials made of nonwoven, nonwoven or felt for the formation of the mold insert has the further advantage that these materials is largely charred after the solidification of the casting metal in the mold together with the binder and already can be quickly removed from the finished component during cleaning. The mold insert leaves behind a clean, burr-free opening cross section, which may be formed for example as a cooling channel in the upper cylinder region of an internal combustion engine. The same applies to the yarn-containing fabric, knitted or knitted fabric, as long as it is not heat- or fire-resistant. The material chars during the casting process and can be easily removed from the component.

On the other hand, if you choose a material for the mold insert, which consists of heat- or fire-resistant fibers and / or yarns, the deposit loses its stability after solidification of the casting metal, but not their cohesion. The mold insert can now be removed with a gripping tool from the contour region of the component. Here, too, creates a cavity that is clean and free of burrs and requires no further processing.

In order to simplify the extraction of the mold insert from the finished component, the body is expediently provided with a tab which is easily accessible and protrudes, for example, in the free space of the mold. The tab can be firmly connected to the main body of the mold insert or be integral with this.

For the design of a small and / or narrow contour in the component to be cast, it is expedient if the main body of the mold insert is rectangular, concave or convex in cross section. For example, one can form the base body on one or both sides in cross-section at least partially contour embossed, for example, wedge-shaped, which in a Zylinderstegkühlung in terms of flow conditions can be beneficial.

The invention further provides for the use of the mold insert according to the invention in a casting core, in particular for the production of components made of cast metal with narrow or narrow contour regions.

The mold insert is preferably integrated force and / or positive fit in the main body of the casting core, wherein the base body of the mold insert is injected, for example, in the casting core. For this purpose, the freestanding contact areas of the mold insert to the casting core during filling of the core box are completely surrounded with core sand and enclosed by this, the binder of the sand ensures a firm bond between the mold insert and the casting core.

Alternatively, the mold insert can be used after the core shooting in the casting core and secured mechanically, by means of an adhesive or by means of an additional potting compound.

For example, a casting core produced in this way can form the entire contour region for the water cooling of the cylinder tubes of an internal combustion engine as a water jacket core. The mold inserts can form part of a completely assembled core unit. The latter can form the entire inner, and possibly outer contour of a cylinder crankcase.

Another aspect of the invention provides that the main body of the casting core and the mold inserts integrated in the casting core are coated, for example with a conventional heat-resistant or refractory material. As a result, the casting core and the mold insert remain dimensionally stable until the surface of the cast component solidifies. Through a common coating of casting core and mold insert creates a uniform self-contained surface.

It is important that the mold inserts and the core form a solid and stable unit that can be used in a corresponding mold. Accordingly, the invention further provides a mold for the production of components made of cast metal, which - in the case of a lost form - a base made of sand or - in the case of a permanent mold - has a base body made of metal. A mold insert and / or a casting core may be arranged and / or integrated in the base body.

Advantageously, the invention further provides for the use of a mold insert for producing a casting core.

Furthermore, the invention claims the use of a casting core and / or a casting mold with a mold insert for producing a component made of cast metal.

Fig. 1

eine Teil-Schnittansicht eines Zylinderblocks einer Brennkraftmaschine,

Fig. 2

eine Teil-Schnittansicht des Zylinderblocks von Fig. 1 in Höhe der Linie I-I mit geschlossenem Steg,

Fig. 3

eine Teil-Schnittansicht des Zylinderblocks von Fig. 1 in Höhe der Linie I-I mit einem zwischen zwei Zylinderbohrungen ausgebildeten Wasserspalt,

Fig. 4

eine Seitenansicht einer Formeinlage,

Fig. 5

eine Seitenansicht einer anderen Ausführungsform einer Formeinlage,

Fig. 6

eine Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer Formeinlage,

Fig. 7

eine auseinandergezogene Schrägansicht einer noch anderen Ausführungsform einer Formeinlage,

Fig. 8

ein Längsschnitt durch eine Formeinlage, und

Fig. 9

eine Teil-Schnittansicht des Zylinderblocks von Fig. 1 in Höhe der Linie I-I mit noch nicht entferntem Gießkern und Kernelement.

Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the wording of the claims and from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a partial sectional view of a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine,

Fig. 2

a partial sectional view of the cylinder block of Fig. 1 at the level of line II with a closed bridge,

Fig. 3

a partial sectional view of the cylinder block of Fig. 1 at the level of line II with a water gap formed between two cylinder bores,

Fig. 4

a side view of a mold insert,

Fig. 5

a side view of another embodiment of a mold insert,

Fig. 6

a side view of another embodiment of a mold insert,

Fig. 7

an exploded oblique view of yet another embodiment of a mold insert,

Fig. 8

a longitudinal section through a mold insert, and

Fig. 9

a partial sectional view of the cylinder block of Fig. 1 at the level of line II with not yet removed casting core and core element.

The in Fig. 1 Generally designated 1 cylinder block is provided for a (not shown) reciprocating internal combustion engine. It is a component which is cast in an iron or non-ferrous alloy casting mold (also not shown).

The cylinder block 1 has an outer wall 2 and a plurality, for example, in series cylinder bores 3, which are bounded by cylinder walls 2 'between the outer wall 2 and the cylinder walls 2', a cavity 4 is formed, which is flowed through during operation of the engine of cooling water, which dissipates the heat generated during combustion. Further recesses 6 can connect the cavity 4, also referred to as a water jacket, with corresponding cavities in a cylinder head (not shown), which is screwed firmly to the cylinder block 1 by means of screws (not shown). To accommodate the screws 1 threaded holes 7 are formed in the cylinder block.

The cylinder walls 2 'form - as Fig. 2 shows closer - between two cylinder bores 3 narrow webs 8, wherein the width B of the webs 8 may be relatively narrow in favor of a compact design of the engine.

In order to avoid thermal problems, in particular in the upper region of the cylinder bores 3, ie in the region of the top dead center of the pistons sliding in the cylinders, is - as in Fig. 3 shown in each web 8 a narrow cavity 5 and a water bridge formed, which allows the water flowing in the water jacket 4 water to flow between the cylinder bores 3, to cool in this way the cylinder walls 2 'in the narrow land areas 8 ,

The width b of the water bridges 5 is between 0.5 mm and 3 mm. It is thus significantly smaller than the width B of the webs 8, so that the stability of the cylinder block 1 is not impaired despite the narrow webs 8 and the compact design of the engine. The (not shown in detail) height of the water bridges 5 is adapted to the respective component needs, so that always sufficient water can flow through it. If required, material bridges can be incorporated within the water bridges 5, which bridges have a stabilizing and / or water-directing effect.

For the formation of the water jacket 4 provided in the cylinder block 1, a casting core 100 is used (see Fig. 9 ) which is inserted into a mold (not shown). The casting core 100 consists of a suitable core sand, which is provided with a binder. It is produced in a manner known per se in a core box (not shown) by means of a core shooting machine (also not shown).

For the formation of formed between the cylinder bores 3 narrow water webs 5 100 mold inserts 10 are placed within the casting core, which are positioned and aligned exactly in the middle of the webs 8 and a suitable height, so that after the casting process and after removal of the casting core 100th and the mold inserts 10 within the component 1, the desired cavity structure 4, 5 is formed.

The mold insert 10 has - like the Fig. 6 shows in more detail - a base body 20, which has approximately centrally a contact region 22 to the casting metal. This contact region 22 is delimited, for example, by the lines 23, 23 ', ie, between the lines 23, 23', the mold insert 10 is in contact with the casting metal after filling the mold.

On both sides of the contact region 22 to the casting metal, the base body 10 in each case has a further contact region 24, with which the mold insert 10 is integrated into the casting core 100. This and the mold inserts 10 thus form a composite body, which can be used as a prefabricated unit in the mold. If necessary, the composite body 100, 10 may be provided with a coating, for example a core size.

So that each mold insert 10 is always reliably integrated into the casting core 100 and thus the sand can connect to both sides of the mold insert, apertures 30 are introduced in the contact regions 24 of the base body 10. These can - as in the embodiment of Fig. 6 shown - to be trained. But you can also have a different shape. It is only important that the mold inserts 10 are precisely and reliably embedded in the casting core 100.

A first embodiment of the invention provides that each main body 20 of the mold inserts 10 is made of a fibrous material, wherein preferably cardboard or cardboard is used. But you can also use a paper, a fleece, a nonwoven fabric or felt.

Another embodiment of the invention provides that the main body 20 of the mold insert 10 consists of a yarn-containing material, in particular a woven fabric, a knitted fabric or a knitted fabric, which has been made of ceramic, glass or carbon fibers.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that the base body 20 is made of a fibrous and a yarn-containing material, wherein e.g. Cardboard can be combined with a felt or a fabric.

In order to give the mold inserts of the fiber and / or yarn-containing material the desired strength and service life for the particular application, the material is mechanically, thermally or chemically solidified. In particular, it is possible to mix the material with a binder or - to soak in the case of a fabric. Additionally or alternatively, the mold insert can also be treated or coated with a heat- or refractory material.

The main body 20 may be single-layered. But it can also consist of several layers or layers, which - depending on the application - different Have size dimensions and the mold insert 10 gives the desired properties. For example, several layers of cardboard or paper can be used, which lie congruently one above the other or are arranged in stages and thereby follow a desired component contour. Or you can combine different fiber and / or yarn-containing materials in the composite in order to optimally realize product-related properties.

As Fig. 7 further shows, a reinforcement 40 may be formed within the mold insert 10. This is, for example, a grid of metal or a perforated plate. The reinforcement 40 may cover the entire base body 20 or - as in Fig. 7 However, it can also protrude beyond the outer contours of the main body 20 in order to be integrated, for example, in the casting core. As a result, the mold insert 10 is reliably positioned and fixed in the casting core. It is also conceivable that the reinforcement is applied to the outside of the mold insert 10.

To be able to pull the mold insert 10 out of the component 1 after the casting process is on the base body 20 in the embodiment of FIG Fig. 5 a tab 50 is formed. This protrudes after the introduction of the mold insert 10 in the casting core 100 via the surface or via a in the 4 to 6 indicated as a dotted line cylinder head contact surface 25 addition. In the embodiment of the Fig. 6 is formed on both sides of the contact portion 22 to the casting metal depending on a tab 50.

The main body 20 of the mold insert may be rectangular, concave or convex in cross-section. The in the 8 and 9 illustrated embodiment provides a cross-section, which is wedge-shaped on both sides, so that the cavity 5 in the webs 8 largely follows the contours of the cylinder bores 3, which saves material and increases the cooling effects in the cavities 5.

The incorporation of the mold inserts 10 in the casting core 100 is preferably carried out during core shooting in a core mold. For this purpose, the mold insert 10 is first positioned in the desired position within the core mold and fixed if necessary. Subsequently, the freestanding contact regions 24 of the mold inserts 10 are completely surrounded during the filling process of the core mold with core sand. After curing of the binder, the mold inserts 10 are connected to the casting core 100 to form a solid and stable unit. By possibly introduced into the contact areas 24 openings 24, the core sand volume on both sides of the body 20 of the mold insert 10 connected to each other. The casting core 100 is thereby not locally weakened.

A casting core 100 produced in this way, consisting of core sand and the injected mold inserts 10, is then coated with a size and dried. The casting core 100, which is now ready for casting, is subsequently introduced into a casting mold. It forms, together with the mold inserts 100, the desired contour region for the water cooling, that is to say the water jacket 4 surrounding the cylinder walls 2 'and the narrow water webs 5 formed in the cylinder webs 8.

After the casting process, the casting blank is removed from the casting mold and sanded. The molded cardboard, cardboard or paper inserts 10 are automatically removed, because these materials are charred due to the high temperatures during the casting process. Additional or separate cleaning is not necessary.

As far as the mold inserts 10 are made of fleece, nonwoven fabric, felt, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric or knitted fabric, these can be taken after the casting process with a simple tool on the tabs 50 and removed from the cylinder head 1.

After these steps, the mold insert 10 leaves a clean, burr-free opening cross-section for optimum water flow within the cylinder block 1, or in the upper cylinder region of the internal combustion engine.

The advantage here is that the mold inserts 10 of the invention can be made not only simple and inexpensive due to the choice of materials. In particular, they permit the formation of extremely narrow or narrow recesses, channels, cavities and / or contour regions which can not be formed by conventional means. The mold inserts 10 made of fiber and / or yarn-containing material are sufficiently stable in order to comply exactly with required dimensions and tolerances. If necessary, however, the material can also be additionally solidified, for example with a binder. At the same time, the inherent elasticity of the materials used ensures that the mold inserts 10 do not break, even if structures of less than 1 mm are formed. The durability of the cores 100 is significantly increased, especially during transport or handling.

The mold inserts 10 according to the invention thus enable the realization of design solutions that could not be realized with hitherto known foundry usual production methods and materials. Furthermore, the production of components is optimized with already achievable by conventional methods cross-sections, in particular, the nuclear-induced rejection is significantly reduced.

The residues of the mold inserts 10 can be removed very easily. The entire system thus represents a cost effective and effective solution.

The invention is not limited to one of the above-described embodiments, but can be modified in many ways. Thus, the mold inserts 10 need not necessarily be injected into the casting cores 100. It is also possible to fix the base bodies 20 in a positive and / or positive fit, for example by gluing, welding or jamming. Further, the application of the mold inserts 10 is not limited to the formation of narrow water lands 5 between the cylinder bores 3 of a cylinder block 1. On the contrary, they offer the designer the possibility of creating narrow contours in components that were not possible with previous molded materials and production equipment.

The application of the mold inserts 10 is also not limited to casting cores 100. You can also use the mold inserts 10 in molds to make filigree or narrow recesses and contour areas with these. The casting molds - like the casting cores 100 - can be made of sand. But you can also use permanent molds and bring the mold inserts 10 there force and form fit.

It can be seen that a mold insert 10 for a casting core 100 and / or for a casting mold for the production of components 1 made of cast metal, which are to be provided with small and / or narrow cavities 5, has a rectangular, concave or convex base body 20 in cross-section which has at least one contact region 22 to the cast metal and at least one contact region 24 to the casting core 100 and / or to the casting mold. In order to enable a cost-effective and reliable formation of small to very small cavities or recesses in the castings 1, it is provided that the base body 20 is made of a fiber and / or yarn-containing material. The fibrous material is preferably cardboard, paperboard, paper, non-woven, non-woven or felt, while the yarn-containing material is a woven, knitted or knitted fabric. The fibrous and / or yarn-containing material may also be mixed and / or impregnated with a binder. In the contact areas 24 to the casting core 100 and / or to Mold 30 breakthroughs may be provided. You can form the mold inserts 10 without any breakthrough 30. Or one brings one or more breakthroughs (not shown) into the contact area of the main body 20 to the casting metal in order to create there further material contours. In order to increase the stability of the mold insert 10 or to create a component-related contour, the base body 20 may be formed in multiple layers, which may be provided with a reinforcement 40. At least one tab 50 formed on the main body 20 can serve to remove the mold insert 10 from the component 1.

All of the claims, the description and the drawings resulting features and advantages, including design details, spatial arrangements and method steps may be essential to the invention both in itself and in various combinations. <B> LIST OF REFERENCES </ b> 1 component 20 body 2 outer wall 22 contact area 2 ' cylinder wall 23, 23 ' line 3 bore 24 contact area 4 Cavity (water jacket) 25 Cylinder head contact surface 5 Cavity (waterbridge) 30 breakthrough 6 recess 40 reinforcement 7 threaded hole 50 flap 8th web 100 casting core 10 core element 110 body

Claims (20)

1. Mould insert (10) for a casting core (100) and/or a casting mould for producing components (1) that are made of casting metal and are to be provided with small and/or narrow hollow spaces (5) by means of the mould insert (10), with a base body (20) having at least one contact region (22) with the casting metal and at least one contact region (24) with the casting core (100) and/or the casting mould, characterised in that the base body (20) is made of a fibre-containing and/or yarn-containing material and forms a lost mould insert, and in that the fibre-containing and/or yarn-containing material is mechanically, thermally or chemically strengthened.
2. Mould insert according to claim 1, characterised in that the fibre-containing material is paperboard, cardboard, paper, nonwoven fabric, nonwoven fabric material or felt.
3. Mould insert according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the yarn-containing material is woven fabric, knitted fabric or interlaced fabric.
4. Mould insert according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the fibre-containing and/or yarn-containing material comprises ceramic, glass or carbon fibres.
5. Mould insert according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the fibre-containing and/or yarn-containing material is mixed and/or saturated with a binder.
6. Mould insert according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the base body (20) is coated.
7. Mould insert according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that each contact region (24) with the casting core (100) and/or casting mould is provided with at least one opening (30).
8. Mould insert according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the base body (20) is designed in one layer or multiple layers.
9. Mould insert according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the base body (20) has a reinforcement (40).
10. Mould insert according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the base body (20) is provided with at least one tab (50).
11. Mould insert according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the base body (20) is rectangular, concave or convex in cross-section.
12. Mould insert according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that on one side or both sides the base body (20) has a cross-section that is contoured at least in certain sections.
13. Casting core (100) for producing components (1) that are made of casting metal, having a base body (110) and having a mould insert (10) according to at least one of claims 1 to 11.
14. Casting core according to claim 13, characterised in that the mould insert (10) is integrated or inserted in the base body (110) with non-positive or interlocking fit.
15. Casting core according to claim 13 or 14, characterised in that the base body (110) and mould insert (10) form a composite element.
16. Casting core according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterised in that the mould insert (10) is provided with at least one tab (50) which protrudes from the base body (110).
17. Casting core according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterised in that the base body (110) and the mould insert (10) are coated.
18. Casting mould for producing components (1) that are made of casting metal as a permanent mould or as a disposable mould, having a mould insert (10) according to at least one of claims 1 to 12 and/or having a casting core according to at least one of claims 13 to 17.
19. Use of a mould insert (10) according to at least one of claims 1 to 12 for producing a casting core (110) and/or a casting mould for casting components (1) that are made of casting metal.
20. Use of a casting core (110) and/or casting mould according to at least one of claims 13 to 17 having a mould insert (10) according to at least one of claims 1 to 12 for producing components (1) that are made of casting metal.

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