EP2724817B1 - Clamping jaw or clamping element - Google Patents

Clamping jaw or clamping element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2724817B1
EP2724817B1 EP12190124.3A EP12190124A EP2724817B1 EP 2724817 B1 EP2724817 B1 EP 2724817B1 EP 12190124 A EP12190124 A EP 12190124A EP 2724817 B1 EP2724817 B1 EP 2724817B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
clamping
workpiece
clamping element
recess
accordance
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EP12190124.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2724817A1 (en
Inventor
Walter Bronzino
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OML SpA
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OML SpA
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Priority to ES12190124.3T priority Critical patent/ES2547760T3/en
Priority to EP12190124.3A priority patent/EP2724817B1/en
Priority to JP2013214483A priority patent/JP5965882B2/en
Priority to US14/064,849 priority patent/US9296090B2/en
Publication of EP2724817A1 publication Critical patent/EP2724817A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B1/00—Vices
    • B25B1/24—Details, e.g. jaws of special shape, slideways
    • B25B1/2405—Construction of the jaws
    • B25B1/241—Construction of the jaws characterised by surface features or material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B1/00—Vices
    • B25B1/24—Details, e.g. jaws of special shape, slideways
    • B25B1/2405—Construction of the jaws

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a clamping jaw according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a clamping element for use in such Spannbache according to claim 5.
  • a jaw with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is for example from the US 2010/0230884 A1 known.
  • the clamping elements are arranged at a clamping height of about 10 millimeters in order to be able to transfer sufficient clamping forces on the workpiece at all. Consequently, the workpiece is damaged at this clamping height.
  • the clamping height is meant by a lower edge of the workpiece to the highest level clamping height.
  • From the AT 389270 B is to take a clamping device, which has two successive deliverable jaws. On the top of the jaws triangular clamping elements are provided. Adjacent mutually extending clamping elements form with their workpiece facing end face a common plane.
  • clamping elements have a clamping surface on which no mandrels, clamping pins or the like. Worked or formed, so that only a frictional operative connection between the clamping elements and the workpiece to be clamped arises.
  • Spannbachen are for example from the WO 99/52678 A1 , of the JP 2002 219626 A , of the DE 21 34 401 A1 , of the EP 2105 257 A2 , of the DE 197 56 793 A1 , of the DE 20 2009 016 994 U1 , of the US 2002/0056955 A1 as well as from the EP 2 070 655 A2 known.
  • the clamping elements With the help of the clamping elements, a uniform course of notches in the workpiece produced so that the workpiece engage identically formed mandrels and clamping elements in the already existing indentations in order to fix the workpiece on several different machine tools in exact previous position, without further indentations in the workpiece are necessary.
  • the expended clamping force to be transferred to the workpiece so that the clamping elements are held as free of play on the jaw and therefore do not slip or rotate when reaching the operative contact with the workpiece.
  • the recesses in the jaw has a triangular inner contour and in that the tip of the recess is remote from the clamping surface, can be used without clearance in the recess adapted to this clamping element, so that when generating the clamping force, the clamping element with the penetrate these projecting mandrels into the workpiece, wherein the clamping element is pressed against the two, for example, at an angle of 60 ° to each other extending side walls of the recess, whereby the clamping force is transmitted evenly from the clamping element on the clamping jaw.
  • a correspondingly high clamping force is required and, on the other hand, a plurality of clamping mandrels are integrally formed or attached to the workpiece facing end side of the clamping elements, which come selectively in operative contact with the workpiece and penetrate into this when the Infeed movement and the clamping force defined is specified.
  • the mandrels are designed as a body in trapezoidal shape and positioned to each other and designed so that they are adapted to the material from which the workpiece is made.
  • the arrangement of the mandrels on the workpiece facing end surface of the clamping elements is advantageously arranged uniformly such that a Variety of notches in the workpiece in the axial and longitudinal direction arises.
  • the height of the axial penetration depth is limited to 3.5 millimeters, measured from the lower edge of the workpiece to the top row of notches or of mandrels.
  • the side walls of the recess which extend in a common point, are inclined from the plane projecting perpendicularly from the ground, for example at an angle of 5 °.
  • the inner contour of the side walls should be configured tapering starting from the bottom in the direction of the top of the clamping jaw, so that a dovetail contour is formed.
  • the side edges of the clamping elements are adapted to these inclinations of the side walls, so that the clamping elements are laterally inserted into the recess and are supported by the inclined side walls arranged upward, since the outer edges of the clamping elements abut the inner sides of the side walls.
  • FIG. 1 a clamping device 1 is shown, which is formed from two relatively movable clamping jaws 2.
  • the clamping jaws 2 can be moved via a spindle 3 and a lever 4 such that between them clamped workpiece 7 is held, which is processed for example by a machine tool 8, on which a tool configured as a milling head 9 is arranged.
  • a machine tool 8 By the machine tool 8, a high machining force is exerted on the workpiece 7, so that the workpiece 7 between the two clamping jaws 2 should be reliably and permanently locked.
  • the clamping device 1 is mounted on a machine tool 8 associated table 10 and thus stationary or relative to the machine tool 8 movable.
  • the clamping jaws 2 each have the workpiece 7 facing and cooperating with this a bearing surface 5 and a clamping surface 6, which are aligned in cross-section L-shaped to each other, ie perpendicular to each other.
  • the workpiece 7 should rest on the bearing surface 5 and be held clamped between the two facing each other clamping surfaces 6 of the two opposing clamping jaws 2.
  • five triangular recesses 11 are incorporated into the clamping surfaces 6 of the clamping jaws 2, in each of which a clamping element 12 is inserted without play.
  • the recesses 11 of adjacent clamping jaws 2 advantageously extend in alignment with each other, so that in each case two clamping elements 12 are arranged in pairs opposite one another. The distance a of two adjacent recesses 11 of the jaws 2 is sized equal.
  • the recess 11 has an open end flank 13 and a tip 15 facing away from this.
  • the tip 15 is therefore facing away from the clamping surface 6, whereas the open end edge 13 extends in the plane formed by the clamping surface 6.
  • a threaded bore 20 is incorporated in a bottom 18 of the recess 11.
  • the two opening in the top 15 side walls 17 are inclined from the bottom 18 perpendicular projecting plane.
  • the inclination angle a is 5 °.
  • the side walls 17 are aligned such that adjacent to the bottom 18 side walls 17 are more widely spaced than in the region of the surface of the clamping jaw 2 extending side wall 17.
  • a dovetail-shaped receiving opening into which the clamping element 12 is inserted coming from the clamping surface 6.
  • a passage opening 20 is incorporated into the clamping element 12, through which a screw 16 is inserted.
  • the screw 16 is then screwed into the threaded bore 20, whereby the clamping element 12 is fixed in the recess 11.
  • the clamping forces are not or only partially absorbed.
  • the clamping element 12 is inserted into the recess 11, this extends in alignment with the clamping surface 6, whereby the open end edge 13 of the recess 11 is closed.
  • the outer contour of the clamping element 12 is adapted to the inner contour of the recess 11, whereby the clamping elements 12 are inserted without clearance in the recess 11.
  • the side edges 19 of the clamping elements 12, which extend adjacent to the side walls 17 of the recess 11 are inclined at the identical inclination angle a of 5 ° from the vertical.
  • a plurality of mandrels 14 are integrally formed or attached to the clamping element 12, as will be explained in more detail below, which protrude perpendicularly from the plane formed by the clamping element 12 and the clamping surface 6 in the direction of the workpiece 7.
  • the clamping surface 6 and the clamping element 12 are applied to the surface of the workpiece 7, whereby this is additionally held by frictional engagement.
  • mandrels 14 are arranged in a certain manner, namely such that in each case five mandrels 14 are arranged on a common row 31 and that each mandrel 14 of the two rows 31, a clamping mandrels 14, which form a pair 32, is assigned.
  • the pairs 32 of mandrels 14 lie on a common axis, which runs perpendicular to the clamping mandrels 14 formed by the rows 31.
  • All the mandrels 14 are formed as a body in a trapezoidal shape, wherein the tip 23 is dimensioned smaller in cross-section than the base of the mandrels 14, which extends adjacent to the clamping element 12.
  • FIG. 3a is to be seen a clamping element 12, by which a workpiece 7 is to be fixed from a hardened metallic material.
  • ten mandrels 14 are formed for this, which protrude from the plane formed by the end edge 13.
  • the mandrels 14 are arranged to pairs 32 and in series 31 to each other extending on the front edge 13.
  • the height of the mandrels 14 is 0.7 millimeters measured from the end face of the clamping elements 12, so that the tip 23 is arranged at this distance to the end face 13 and consequently predetermines the maximum penetration depth.
  • Two adjacent mandrels 14 one of the row 31 form with their respective side edges 22 at an angle of 90 ° and are connected to each other in a radius of 0.4 millimeters.
  • the pairs 32 of mandrels 14 are inclined differently with their adjacent side flanks, under a total angle of 70 °, wherein the right side edge is inclined at an angle of 40 ° and the left side edge of the respective mandrel 14 at an angle of 30 ° ,
  • the tip 23 of the respective mandrels has a square surface with an edge length of 0.3 millimeters.
  • the total height of the clamping element 12 is 3.18 millimeters.
  • the tip 23 of the right mandrel 14 the height to the edge at which the slope of the side edge begins, is provided at 0.73 millimeters; whereas the left side flank of the left mandrel 14 a distance of 0.9 millimeters between the edge at which the side edge begins and the tip 23 has.
  • the side edges 19 of the clamping element 12 are designed inclined so that the clamping element 12 can be inserted into the corresponding dovetail-shaped recess 11 and there rests without play.
  • the mandrels 14 are designed trapezoidal in longitudinal section. The distance between two arranged in row 31 and adjacent to each other extending mandrels 14 is 2.05 millimeters. Such a configuration of the mandrels 14 has been proven especially for the material hardened metal, since such mandrels 14 optimally penetrate into a workpiece 7 made of this material and there make a plastic deformation, by a positive or elastic knit composite between the clamping element 14 and the Workpiece 7 is created.
  • FIG. 3b is a clamping element 12 can be seen, which is particularly well suited to clamp a workpiece 7 made of steel. Identical dimensions of the clamping element 12 in FIG. 3b with those in FIG. 3a are to take over.
  • the side edges 22 of two adjacent mandrels 14, which lie in row 31, are arranged at an angle of 70 °. Relative to the line of symmetry 24 between two adjacent mandrels 14, a side flank 22 is oriented at an angle of 40 ° and the side flank 22 arranged next thereto is oriented at an angle of 30 °.
  • the tip 23 of the respective mandrel 14 is square in cross section with a side length of 0.3 millimeters.
  • the radius between two adjacent side edges 22 is 0.4 millimeters.
  • the distance from the lying in row 31 mandrels 14 is 1.7 millimeters.
  • FIG. 3c is to be seen a clamping element 12, by which a workpiece 7 is to be clamped from the material aluminum.
  • the side edges 22 of two adjacent to pairs 32 aligned mandrels 14 are arranged at an angle of 70 °.
  • the tip 23 of the mandrels 14 is rectangular in shape and has tips 32, the differently sized cross-sectional areas to have. In this case, two of the mandrels 14 are each joined together to form a pair 32, which carry identical cross sections of the tips 23.
  • One of the side lengths of the first pairs 32 of the mandrels 14 are 0.2 and the perpendicular thereto side edges 0.4 millimeters long, so that the cross-sectional area is 0.08 mm 2 .
  • the adjacently arranged pairs 32 of the mandrels 14 have side edges of 1.88 and 0.4 or 0.6 millimeters. Consequently, the mandrels 14 assembled into a row 31 are provided with differently sized tips 23, which are arranged alternately with respect to each other.
  • the mean height of the mandrels 14 is spaced from the front edge 13, 0.94 millimeters.
  • Two adjacent side edges 22 are connected to each other with a radius of 0.4 millimeters.
  • the distance of two adjacent mandrels 14, which are arranged on a row 31, is 2.86 millimeters and the height of the mandrels 14 is 0.7 millimeters measured from the beginning of the side edges 22.
  • the smaller sized mandrels 14 are available from the larger sized mandrels 14 at a distance of 0.3 millimeters.
  • the overall height of the smaller sized mandrels 14 is, starting from the base of the end flank 14, 0.94 millimeters.
  • indentations 21 form the mandrels 14 in the workpiece 7.
  • the maximum height of the notches 21 is 3.5 millimeters from the bottom of the workpiece 7, which rests on the support surface 5, indicated, so that the workpiece 7 is damaged only in a narrow range and therefore post-processed. In fact, the height of the indentations will be less than 3.18 millimeters.
  • the workpiece 7 is also positioned in the first or original clamping state, so that the workpiece 7 is not to be aligned again relative to the machine tool 8. Consequently, the workpiece 7 can be easily unclamped and fixed at a later time to the same or to another machine tool 8 for further processing accurately positioned.
  • the distance a of two adjacent recesses 11 is therefore sized equal and in the FIGS. 3a to 3c explained geometric configurations of the trapezoidal body forming the respective mandrel 14 are to be used on the other machine tools 8.
  • the clamping elements 12 and the mandrels 14 are made of a sintered solid carbide material.
  • the mixture and the grain size of the respective components of the solid carbide are adapted so that a correspondingly large-sized impact hardness is formed. It is particularly advantageous if the clamping element 12 and the clamping mandrels 14 are made of a tungsten carbide with a percentage of 81% and of a cobalt binder with a percentage of 8%. In addition, further additions are required, which include a percentage of 11%.
  • Such mixtures have an average particle size according to ISO 4499-2: 2008, a porosity according to ISO 4505: 1978 A02B00C00, a density of 13.74 g / cm 3 , a Rockwell hardness according to the scale "A" of 90.9 , a Vickers hardness to the Scala "HV10" of 1420, a transverse tensile strength of> 2500 Mpa and a coercive force to Oersted of 140.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Spannbacke nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 sowie auf ein Spannelement zur Verwendung in einer solchen Spannbache nach dem Patentanspruch 5.The invention relates to a clamping jaw according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a clamping element for use in such Spannbache according to claim 5.

Eine Spannbacke mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 ist beispielweise aus der US 2010/0230884 A1 bekannt.A jaw with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is for example from the US 2010/0230884 A1 known.

Aus der EP 1693153 A2 ist eine Spannbacke zu entnehmen, in deren Oberfläche halbkreisförmige Aussparungen eingearbeitet sind. In diese Aussparungen werden runde Spannelemente eingesetzt, die somit in den Aussparungen verdrehbar gelagert sind und teilweise aus diesen herausragen. An der dem einzuspannenden Werkstück zugewandten Oberfläche des Spannelements sind spitz zulaufende Spanndorne vorgesehen, die auf das Werkstück im Spannzustand einwirken, in dieses bei entsprechender Spannkraft eindringen und in diesem eine plastische Verformung vornehmen, so dass ein formschlüssiger Wirkverbund zwischen den Spannelementen und dem Werkstück vorliegt. Die Spannelemente sind dabei auf der Oberseite der Spannbacke angeordnet und ragen aus dieser Ebene heraus.From the EP 1693153 A2 is to remove a clamping jaw, in the surface of which semi-circular recesses are incorporated. In these recesses round clamping elements are used, which are thus rotatably mounted in the recesses and partially protrude from these. At the surface of the clamping element facing the workpiece to be clamped tapered mandrels are provided, which act on the workpiece in the clamping state, penetrate this with appropriate clamping force and make a plastic deformation in this, so that there is a form-fitting operative connection between the clamping elements and the workpiece. The clamping elements are arranged on the upper side of the clamping jaw and project out of this plane.

Durch die Rotationsmöglichkeit der Spannelemente in der jeweiligen Aussparung soll eine Ausrichtung der jeweiligen Spannelemente in Bezug auf die Außenkontur des einzuspannenden Werkstückes erfolgen, um eine zuverlässige und dauerhafte, formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen den Spannelementen und dem Werkstück während des Spannzustandes zu erreichen.Due to the possibility of rotation of the clamping elements in the respective recess, an alignment of the respective clamping elements with respect to the outer contour of the workpiece to be clamped is to be achieved in order to achieve a reliable and permanent, positive connection between the clamping elements and the workpiece during the clamping state.

Da jedoch die Spannelemente in den Aussparungen verdrehbar gelagert sind, sind nachteiligerweise erhebliche Spannkräfte aufzuwenden, um überhaupt eine zuverlässige Einspannung sowie eine plastische Verformung zu erreichen, denn die Spanndorne werden von dem Werkstück, sobald die Spanndorne in Wirkkontakt mit dem Werkstück gelangen, weggeschoben. Jede Einspannsituation hinterlässt folglich auf dem Werkstück einen unterschiedlichen Spanndorn Abdruck; dieser Abdruck wird nahezu wahllos entstehen und kann folglich beim Aus- und Wiedereinspannen nicht weiter genutzt werden, um das Werkstück an einer anderen Werkzeugmaschine einzuspannen. Die Beschädigungen an dem Werkstück erhöhen sich demnach mit der Anzahl der Einspannzustände.However, since the clamping elements are rotatably mounted in the recesses, are disadvantageously spend considerable clamping forces to achieve any reliable clamping and plastic deformation, because the mandrels are pushed away from the workpiece as soon as the mandrels come into operative contact with the workpiece. Each clamping situation thus leaves on the workpiece a different mandrel impression; This impression will occur almost indiscriminately and consequently can not be used during removal and re-clamping to clamp the workpiece on another machine tool. The damage to the workpiece accordingly increase with the number of clamping conditions.

Darüber hinaus sind die Spannelemente auf einer Einspannhöhe von etwa 10 Millimeter angeordnet, um überhaupt genügend Einspannkräfte auf das Werkstück übertragen zu können. Folglich wird das Werkstück auf dieser Einspannhöhe beschädigt. Dabei ist die Einspannhöhe von einer Unterkante des Werkstückes bis zur Niveauhöchsten Einspannhöhe gemeint.In addition, the clamping elements are arranged at a clamping height of about 10 millimeters in order to be able to transfer sufficient clamping forces on the workpiece at all. Consequently, the workpiece is damaged at this clamping height. Here, the clamping height is meant by a lower edge of the workpiece to the highest level clamping height.

Aus der AT 389270 B ist eine Spannvorrichtung zu entnehmen, die zwei aufeinander zustellbare Spannbacken aufweist. Auf der Oberseite der Spannbacken sind dreieckförmige Spannelemente vorgesehen. Benachbart zueinander verlaufende Spannelemente bilden dabei mit ihrer dem Werkstück zugewandten Stirnseite eine gemeinsame Ebene.From the AT 389270 B is to take a clamping device, which has two successive deliverable jaws. On the top of the jaws triangular clamping elements are provided. Adjacent mutually extending clamping elements form with their workpiece facing end face a common plane.

Diese Spannelemente weisen eine Spannfläche auf, an der keine Spanndorne, Spannstifte oder dgl. angearbeitet bzw. angeformt sind, so dass ausschließlich eine reibschlüssige Wirkverbindung zwischen den Spannelementen und dem einzuspannenden Werkstück entsteht.These clamping elements have a clamping surface on which no mandrels, clamping pins or the like. Worked or formed, so that only a frictional operative connection between the clamping elements and the workpiece to be clamped arises.

Weitere Spannbachen sind beispielsweise aus der WO 99/52678 A1 , der JP 2002 219626 A , der DE 21 34 401 A1 , der EP 2105 257 A2 , der DE 197 56 793 A1 , der DE 20 2009 016 994 U1 , der US 2002/0056955 A1 sowie aus der EP 2 070 655 A2 bekannt.Other Spannbachen are for example from the WO 99/52678 A1 , of the JP 2002 219626 A , of the DE 21 34 401 A1 , of the EP 2105 257 A2 , of the DE 197 56 793 A1 , of the DE 20 2009 016 994 U1 , of the US 2002/0056955 A1 as well as from the EP 2 070 655 A2 known.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Spannbacke bzw. ein Spannelement der eingangs genannten Gattungen derart weiterzubilden, dass die Einspannhöhe der Spannelemente auf 3,5 Millimeter oder weniger reduziert werden kann, ohne dass die zuverlässige und dauerhafte Wirkverbindung zwischen dem Spannelement und dem einzuspannenden Werkstück verlorengeht. Darüberhinaus soll mit Hilfe der Spannelemente ein gleichmäßiger Verlauf von Einkerbungen in dem Werkstück erzeugbar sein, so dass das Werkstück an identisch ausgebildete Spanndorne und Spannelemente in die bereits vorhandenen Einkerbungen eingreifen, um das Werkstück an mehreren unterschiedlichen Werkzeugmaschinen in exakter vorheriger Position befestigen zu können, ohne dass weitere Einkerbungen in dem Werkstück notwendig sind. Auch soll die aufzuwendende Spannkraft derart auf das Werkstück übertragen werden, dass die Spannelemente möglichst spielfrei an der Spannbacke gehalten sind und daher beim Erreichen des Wirkkontaktes mit dem Werkstück nicht verrutschen oder rotieren.It is therefore an object of the invention to develop a clamping jaw or a clamping element of the aforementioned types such that the clamping height of the clamping elements can be reduced to 3.5 millimeters or less without the reliable and permanent operative connection between the clamping element and the workpiece to be clamped get lost. In addition, with the help of the clamping elements, a uniform course of notches in the workpiece produced so that the workpiece engage identically formed mandrels and clamping elements in the already existing indentations in order to fix the workpiece on several different machine tools in exact previous position, without further indentations in the workpiece are necessary. Also, the expended clamping force to be transferred to the workpiece so that the clamping elements are held as free of play on the jaw and therefore do not slip or rotate when reaching the operative contact with the workpiece.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale der Patenansprüche 1 und 5 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of claims 1 and 5.

Weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further advantageous developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Dadurch, dass die Aussparungen in der Spannbacke eine dreieckförmige Innenkontur aufweist und dadurch, dass die Spitze der Aussparung von der Spannfläche abgewandt ist, kann in die Aussparung ein an dieses angepasstes Spannelement spielfrei eingesetzt werden, so dass beim Erzeugen der Spannkraft das Spannelement mit dem an diesen abstehenden Spanndorne in das Werkstück eindringen, wobei das Spannelement gegen die beiden beispielsweise unter einem Winkel von 60° zueinander verlaufenden Seitenwänden der Aussparung gedrückt wird, wodurch die Spannkraft gleichmäßig von dem Spannelement auf die Spannbacke übertragen ist. Um eine plastische Verformung zu erreichen, ist zum einen eine entsprechend hohe Einspannkraft erforderlich und zum anderen sind an der dem Werkstück zugewandten Stirnseite der Spannelemente eine Vielzahl von Spanndornen angeformt oder angebracht, die punktuell in Wirkkontakt mit dem Werkstück gelangen und in dieses eindringen, wenn die Zustellbewegung und die Einspannkraft definiert vorgegeben wird. Die Spanndorne sind als Körper in Trapezform ausgebildet und derart zueinander positioniert und ausgestaltet, dass diese an den Werkstoff angepasst sind, aus dem das Werkstück gefertigt ist.The fact that the recesses in the jaw has a triangular inner contour and in that the tip of the recess is remote from the clamping surface, can be used without clearance in the recess adapted to this clamping element, so that when generating the clamping force, the clamping element with the penetrate these projecting mandrels into the workpiece, wherein the clamping element is pressed against the two, for example, at an angle of 60 ° to each other extending side walls of the recess, whereby the clamping force is transmitted evenly from the clamping element on the clamping jaw. In order to achieve plastic deformation, on the one hand, a correspondingly high clamping force is required and, on the other hand, a plurality of clamping mandrels are integrally formed or attached to the workpiece facing end side of the clamping elements, which come selectively in operative contact with the workpiece and penetrate into this when the Infeed movement and the clamping force defined is specified. The mandrels are designed as a body in trapezoidal shape and positioned to each other and designed so that they are adapted to the material from which the workpiece is made.

Die Anordnung der Spanndorne auf der dem Werkstück zugewandten Stirnfläche der Spannelemente ist dabei vorteilhafterweise derart gleichmäßig angeordnet, dass eine Vielzahl von Einkerbungen in dem Werkstück in axialer und in Längsrichtung entsteht. Die Höhe der axialen Eindringtiefe ist dabei auf 3,5 Millimeter begrenzt, und zwar gemessen von der Unterkante des Werkstückes bis zur obersten Reihe von Einkerbungen bzw. von Spanndornen. Durch eine solche Anordnung entsteht ein gleichmäßiges Abdruckbild der Einkerbungen, so dass beim Ausspannen des Werkstückes die entstandenen Einkerbungen als Zentrierhilfen dienen, wenn das Werkstück erneut einzuspannen ist. Folglich entsteht auch bei einer mehrfachen Einspannung des Werkstückes ausschließlich zwei Reihen von Einkerbungen, die jeweils paarweise zueinander ausgerichtet sind.The arrangement of the mandrels on the workpiece facing end surface of the clamping elements is advantageously arranged uniformly such that a Variety of notches in the workpiece in the axial and longitudinal direction arises. The height of the axial penetration depth is limited to 3.5 millimeters, measured from the lower edge of the workpiece to the top row of notches or of mandrels. Such an arrangement produces a uniform impression image of the indentations, so that when the workpiece is being clamped, the resulting indentations serve as centering aids when the workpiece is to be re-clamped. Consequently, even with a multiple clamping of the workpiece only two rows of notches, each aligned in pairs.

Es hat sich nämlich vorteilhafterweise herausgestellt, dass die geometrischen Konturen der Spanndorne an die Werkstücke mit unterschiedlichen Werkstoffen anzupassen ist, denn ein weicheres Metall, beispielsweise Aluminium, hat andere Verformungseigenschaften als ein gehärtetes Metall oder Stahl.It has namely been found to be advantageous that the geometric contours of the mandrels to the workpieces with different materials to adapt, because a softer metal, such as aluminum, has different deformation properties than a hardened metal or steel.

Darüber hinaus ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die Seitenwände der Aussparung, die in einem gemeinsamen Punkt verlaufen, aus der senkrecht vom Boden abstehenden Ebene geneigt sind, und zwar beispielsweise unter einem Winkel von 5°. Die Innenkontur der Seitenwände soll ausgehend von dem Boden in Richtung der Oberseite der Spannbacke verjüngend ausgestaltet sein, so dass eine Schwalbenschwanzkontur entsteht. Die Seitenflanken der Spannelemente sind an diese Neigungsverläufe der Seitenwände angepasst, so dass die Spannelemente seitlich in die Aussparung einzuschieben sind und durch die geneigt angeordneten Seitenwände nach oben abgestützt werden, da die Außenkanten der Spannelementen an den Innenseiten der Seitenwände anliegen. Sobald demnach eine Spannkraft von dem Werkstück auf das Spannelement übertragen ist und sich die Spanndorne in die Oberfläche des Werkstückes einbohren, ist das jeweilige Spannelement durch die geneigten Seitenwände in Richtung des Bodens der Spannbacke gedrückt, so dass das Spannelement auf dem Boden der Aussparung und an den Seitenwänden angepresst ist. Diese konstruktive Niederzug-Maßnahme verbessert demnach die Kraftübertragung zwischen den Spannelementen und den Spannbacken.Moreover, it is particularly advantageous if the side walls of the recess, which extend in a common point, are inclined from the plane projecting perpendicularly from the ground, for example at an angle of 5 °. The inner contour of the side walls should be configured tapering starting from the bottom in the direction of the top of the clamping jaw, so that a dovetail contour is formed. The side edges of the clamping elements are adapted to these inclinations of the side walls, so that the clamping elements are laterally inserted into the recess and are supported by the inclined side walls arranged upward, since the outer edges of the clamping elements abut the inner sides of the side walls. As soon as a clamping force is transmitted from the workpiece to the clamping element and drill the mandrels in the surface of the workpiece, the respective clamping element is pressed by the inclined side walls in the direction of the bottom of the clamping jaw, so that the clamping element on the bottom of the recess and the side walls is pressed. This constructive pull-down measure accordingly improves the power transmission between the clamping elements and the clamping jaws.

In der Zeichnung ist ein erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Spannbacke sowie drei Abwandlungen von Spannelementen für unterschiedliche Werkstoffe von einzuspannenden Werkstücken dargestellt, die nachfolgend näher erläutert sind. Im Einzelnen zeigt:

Figur 1
eine Spanneinrichtung an einer Werkzeugmaschine mit zwei zueinander verstellbaren Spannbacken, in denen jeweils fünf dreieckförmige Aussparungen zur Aufnahme von daran angepassten Spannelementen vorgesehen sind, in perspektivischer Ansicht,
Figur 2a
eine der Spannbacken gemäß Figur 1, in Draufsicht,
Figur 2b die
Spannbacke gemäß Figur 2a, in Vorderansicht,
Figur 3a
eine erste Ausführungsvariante eines Spannelementes gemäß Figur 1, in Draufsicht sowie in Seitenansicht mit entsprechenden geometrischen Angaben zur Ausgestaltung der Spanndorne für ein aus einem gehärteten Metall gebildetes Werkstück,
Figur 3b
eine zweite Ausführungsvariante eines Spannelementes gemäß Figur 1, in Draufsicht sowie in Seitenansicht mit entsprechenden geometrischen Angaben zur Ausgestaltung der Spanndorne für ein Werkstück aus Stahl,
Figur 3c
eine dritte Ausführungsvariante eines Spannelementes gemäß Figur 1, in Draufsicht sowie in Seitenansicht mit entsprechenden geometrischen Angaben zur Ausgestaltung der Spanndorne für ein Werkstück aus Aluminium und
Figur 4
ein vergrößerter Ausschnitt der Spannbacken und des Werkstückes gemäß Figur 1, nachdem der Spannzustand aufgehoben ist.
In the drawing, an inventive embodiment of a jaw and three modifications of clamping elements for different materials of shown to be clamped workpieces, which are explained in more detail below. In detail shows:
FIG. 1
a clamping device on a machine tool with two mutually adjustable clamping jaws, in each of which five triangular recesses are provided for receiving clamping elements adapted thereto, in a perspective view,
FIG. 2a
one of the jaws according to FIG. 1 , in plan view,
Figure 2b the
Clamping jaw according to FIG. 2a , in front view,
FIG. 3a
a first embodiment of a clamping element according to FIG. 1 , in plan view and in side view with corresponding geometric details for the design of the mandrels for a workpiece formed from a hardened metal,
FIG. 3b
a second embodiment of a clamping element according to FIG. 1 , in plan view and in side view with corresponding geometrical details for the design of the mandrels for a workpiece made of steel,
Figure 3c
a third embodiment of a clamping element according to FIG. 1 , in plan view and in side view with corresponding geometric details for the design of the mandrels for a workpiece made of aluminum and
FIG. 4
an enlarged section of the jaws and the workpiece according to FIG. 1 after the clamping state is canceled.

In Figur 1 ist eine Spanneinrichtung 1 abgebildet, die aus zwei relativ zueinander beweglichen Spannbacken 2 gebildet ist. Die Spannbacken 2 können über einen eine Spindel 3 und einen Hebel 4 derart bewegt werden, dass zwischen diesen ein einzuspannendes Werkstück 7 gehalten ist, das beispielsweise durch eine Werkzeugmaschine 8 bearbeitet wird, an der ein als Fräskopf ausgestaltetes Werkzeug 9 angeordnet ist. Durch die Werkzeugmaschine 8 wird auf das Werkstück 7 eine hohe Bearbeitungskraft ausgeübt, so dass das Werkstück 7 zwischen den beiden Spannbacken 2 zuverlässig und dauerhaft arretiert sein soll. Die Spanneinrichtung 1 ist dabei auf einen der Werkzeugmaschine 8 zugeordneten Tisch 10 angebracht und somit ortsfest oder relativ zu der Werkzeugmaschine 8 bewegbar.In FIG. 1 a clamping device 1 is shown, which is formed from two relatively movable clamping jaws 2. The clamping jaws 2 can be moved via a spindle 3 and a lever 4 such that between them clamped workpiece 7 is held, which is processed for example by a machine tool 8, on which a tool configured as a milling head 9 is arranged. By the machine tool 8, a high machining force is exerted on the workpiece 7, so that the workpiece 7 between the two clamping jaws 2 should be reliably and permanently locked. The clamping device 1 is mounted on a machine tool 8 associated table 10 and thus stationary or relative to the machine tool 8 movable.

Die Spannbacken 2 weisen jeweils dem Werkstück 7 zugewandte und mit diesem zusammenwirkend eine Auflagefläche 5 und eine Spannfläche 6 auf, die im Querschnitt L-förmig zueinander ausgerichtet sind, also senkrecht zueinander verlaufen. Das Werkstück 7 soll auf der Auflagefläche 5 aufliegen und zwischen den zwei aufeinander zuweisenden Spannflächen 6 der beiden gegenüberliegenden Spannbacken 2 eingespannt gehalten werden.The clamping jaws 2 each have the workpiece 7 facing and cooperating with this a bearing surface 5 and a clamping surface 6, which are aligned in cross-section L-shaped to each other, ie perpendicular to each other. The workpiece 7 should rest on the bearing surface 5 and be held clamped between the two facing each other clamping surfaces 6 of the two opposing clamping jaws 2.

Um die Wirkverbindung zwischen den Spannbacken 2 und dem Werkstück 7 zu erhöhen, sind in den Spannflächen 6 der Spannbacken 2 jeweils fünf dreieckförmige Aussparungen 11 eingearbeitet, in die jeweils ein Spannelement 12 spielfrei eingesetzt ist. Die Aussparungen 11 von benachbarten Spannbacken 2 verlaufen vorteilhafterweise fluchtend zueinander, so dass jeweils zwei Spannelemente 12 paarweise gegenüberliegend angeordnet sind. Der Abstand a von zwei benachbarten Aussparungen 11 einer der Spannbacken 2 ist gleichgroß bemessen.In order to increase the operative connection between the clamping jaws 2 and the workpiece 7, five triangular recesses 11 are incorporated into the clamping surfaces 6 of the clamping jaws 2, in each of which a clamping element 12 is inserted without play. The recesses 11 of adjacent clamping jaws 2 advantageously extend in alignment with each other, so that in each case two clamping elements 12 are arranged in pairs opposite one another. The distance a of two adjacent recesses 11 of the jaws 2 is sized equal.

Aus den Figuren 2a und 2b ist ersichtlich, dass die Aussparung 11 eine offene Stirnflanke 13 und eine von dieser abgewandten Spitze 15 aufweist. Die Spitze 15 ist demnach von der Spannfläche 6 abgewandt, wohingegen die offene Stirnflanke 13 in der von der Spannfläche 6 gebildeten Ebene verläuft. In einen Boden 18 der Aussparung 11 ist eine Gewindebohrung 20 eingearbeitet.From the FIGS. 2a and 2b it can be seen that the recess 11 has an open end flank 13 and a tip 15 facing away from this. The tip 15 is therefore facing away from the clamping surface 6, whereas the open end edge 13 extends in the plane formed by the clamping surface 6. In a bottom 18 of the recess 11, a threaded bore 20 is incorporated.

Darüber hinaus sind die beiden in der Spitze 15 mündenden Seitenwände 17 aus der von dem Boden 18 senkrecht abstehende Ebene geneigt. Der Neigungswinkel a beträgt 5°. Dabei sind die Seitenwände 17 derart ausgerichtet, dass die zu dem Boden 18 benachbarten Seitenwände 17 weiter auseinanderliegen als die im Bereich der Oberfläche der Spannbacke 2 verlaufende Seitenwand 17. Somit bilden die Seitenwände 17 eine schwalbenschwanzförmige Aufnahmeöffnung, in die das Spannelement 12 von der Spannfläche 6 kommend eingeschoben ist. Um dieses in der Aussparung 11 zu fixieren, ist in das Spannelement 12 eine Durchgangsöffnung 20 eingearbeitet, durch die eine Schraube 16 eingesteckt ist. Die Schraube 16 ist dann in die Gewindebohrung 20 eingedreht, wodurch das Spannelement 12 in der Aussparung 11 fixiert ist. Von der Schraube 16 sollen jedoch die Spannkräfte nicht oder lediglich zu einem geringen Teil aufgenommen werden.In addition, the two opening in the top 15 side walls 17 are inclined from the bottom 18 perpendicular projecting plane. The inclination angle a is 5 °. In this case, the side walls 17 are aligned such that adjacent to the bottom 18 side walls 17 are more widely spaced than in the region of the surface of the clamping jaw 2 extending side wall 17. Thus form the side walls 17 a dovetail-shaped receiving opening into which the clamping element 12 is inserted coming from the clamping surface 6. To fix this in the recess 11, a passage opening 20 is incorporated into the clamping element 12, through which a screw 16 is inserted. The screw 16 is then screwed into the threaded bore 20, whereby the clamping element 12 is fixed in the recess 11. Of the screw 16, however, the clamping forces are not or only partially absorbed.

Sobald das Spannelement 12 in die Aussparung 11 eingesetzt ist, verläuft dieses fluchtend zu der Spannfläche 6, wodurch die offene Stirnflanke 13 der Aussparung 11 verschlossen ist. Die Außenkontur des Spannelements 12 ist an die Innenkontur der Aussparung 11 angepasst, wodurch die Spannelemente 12 spielfrei in der Aussparung 11 eingesetzt sind. Insbesondere die Seitenkanten 19 der Spannelemente 12, die benachbart zu den Seitenwänden 17 der Aussparung 11 verlaufen, sind unter dem identischen Neigungswinkel a von 5° aus der Senkrechten geneigt.Once the clamping element 12 is inserted into the recess 11, this extends in alignment with the clamping surface 6, whereby the open end edge 13 of the recess 11 is closed. The outer contour of the clamping element 12 is adapted to the inner contour of the recess 11, whereby the clamping elements 12 are inserted without clearance in the recess 11. In particular, the side edges 19 of the clamping elements 12, which extend adjacent to the side walls 17 of the recess 11 are inclined at the identical inclination angle a of 5 ° from the vertical.

Zur Erzeugung einer plastischen Verformung in dem Werkstück 7 sind an dem Spannelement 12, wie dies nachfolgend näher erläutert wird, mehrere Spanndorne 14 angeformt oder angebracht, die aus der von dem Spannelement 12 und der Spannfläche 6 gebildeten Ebene senkrecht in Richtung des Werkstückes 7 abstehen. Im eingespannten Zustand des Werkstückes 7 dringen demnach die Spanndorne 14 in dieses ein und die Spannfläche 6 sowie das Spannelement 12 liegen auf der Oberfläche des Werkstückes 7 an, wodurch dieses zusätzlich reibschlüssig gehalten ist.To produce a plastic deformation in the workpiece 7, a plurality of mandrels 14 are integrally formed or attached to the clamping element 12, as will be explained in more detail below, which protrude perpendicularly from the plane formed by the clamping element 12 and the clamping surface 6 in the direction of the workpiece 7. In the clamped state of the workpiece 7 accordingly penetrate the mandrels 14 in this and the clamping surface 6 and the clamping element 12 are applied to the surface of the workpiece 7, whereby this is additionally held by frictional engagement.

Die in den Figuren 3a, 3b und 3c näher erläuterten Spanndorne 14 sind in einer bestimmten Art und Weise angeordnet, nämlich derart, dass jeweils fünf Spanndorne 14 auf einer gemeinsamen Reihe 31 angeordnet sind und dass jedem Spanndorn 14 der zwei Reihen 31 ein Spanndornen 14, die ein Paar 32 bilden, zugeordnet ist. Die Paare 32 von Spanndornen 14 liegen auf einer gemeinsamen Achse, die senkrecht zu der von den Reihen 31 gebildeten Spanndorne 14 verläuft. Durch diese Anordnung der Spanndorne 14 und aufgrund der nachfolgend noch näher erläuterten geometrischen Abmessungen der Spanndorne 14,wird für jede Ausführungsvariante der Spanndorne 14 ein einheitliches Bild von Einkerbungen 21 in dem Werkstück 7 erzeugt, das für weitere Einspannzustände verwendet werden kann. Somit sind die Werkstücke 7 nach dem Ausspannen wiederum in der exakt identischen Position zwischen den Spannbacken 12 fixierbar. Dies bedeutet, dass die Ausrichtung des Werkstückes 7 beibehalten ist, wodurch umständliche und zeitaufwändige Zentrierungs- bzw. Ausrichtungsmaßnahmen für die Werkzeugmaschine 8 zur Bearbeitung des Werkstückes 7 entfallen. Außerdem entstehen in dem Werkstück 7 keine weiteren unnötigen Einkerbungen 21.The in the FIGS. 3a . 3b and 3c further explained mandrels 14 are arranged in a certain manner, namely such that in each case five mandrels 14 are arranged on a common row 31 and that each mandrel 14 of the two rows 31, a clamping mandrels 14, which form a pair 32, is assigned. The pairs 32 of mandrels 14 lie on a common axis, which runs perpendicular to the clamping mandrels 14 formed by the rows 31. As a result of this arrangement of the mandrels 14 and on account of the geometrical dimensions of the mandrels 14 explained in more detail below, a uniform image of notches 21 in the workpiece 7 will be obtained for each variant of the embodiment of the mandrels 14 generated, which can be used for other clamping conditions. Thus, the workpieces 7 are again fixed in the exact identical position between the clamping jaws 12 after clamping. This means that the alignment of the workpiece 7 is maintained, whereby cumbersome and time-consuming centering or alignment measures for the machine tool 8 for machining the workpiece 7 omitted. In addition, no further unnecessary indentations 21 are produced in the workpiece 7.

Sämtliche Spanndorne 14 sind als Körper in Trapezform ausgebildet, wobei die Spitze 23 im Querschnitt kleiner bemessen ist als die Basis der Spanndorne 14, die benachbart zu dem Spannelement 12 verläuft.All the mandrels 14 are formed as a body in a trapezoidal shape, wherein the tip 23 is dimensioned smaller in cross-section than the base of the mandrels 14, which extends adjacent to the clamping element 12.

Aus Figur 3a ist ein Spannelement 12 zu entnehmen, durch das ein Werkstück 7 aus einem gehärteten metallischen Werkstoff fixiert werden soll. An der dem Werkstück 7 zugewandten Spannelement 12 sind dafür zehn Spanndorne 14 angeformt, die aus der von der Stirnflanke 13 gebildeten Ebene abstehen. Die Spanndorne 14 sind dabei zu Paaren 32 und in Reihe 31 zueinander verlaufend auf der Stirnflanke 13 angeordnet. Die Höhe der Spanndorne 14 beträgt 0,7 Millimeter gemessen von der Stirnseite der Spannelemente 12, so dass die Spitze 23 mit diesem Abstand zu der Stirnseite 13 angeordnet ist und folglich die maximale Eindringtiefe vorgibt. Zwei benachbarte Spanndorne 14 einer der Reihe 31 bilden mit ihren jeweiligen Seitenflanken 22 einen Winkel von 90° und sind in einem Radius von 0,4 Millimeter miteinander verbunden.Out FIG. 3a is to be seen a clamping element 12, by which a workpiece 7 is to be fixed from a hardened metallic material. At the workpiece 7 facing clamping element 12 ten mandrels 14 are formed for this, which protrude from the plane formed by the end edge 13. The mandrels 14 are arranged to pairs 32 and in series 31 to each other extending on the front edge 13. The height of the mandrels 14 is 0.7 millimeters measured from the end face of the clamping elements 12, so that the tip 23 is arranged at this distance to the end face 13 and consequently predetermines the maximum penetration depth. Two adjacent mandrels 14 one of the row 31 form with their respective side edges 22 at an angle of 90 ° and are connected to each other in a radius of 0.4 millimeters.

Die Paare 32 von Spanndornen 14 sind mit ihren benachbarten Seitenflanken unterschiedlich geneigt, und zwar unter einem gesamten Winkel von 70°, wobei die rechte Seitenflanke unter einem Winkel von 40° und die linke Seitenflanke des jeweiligen Spanndornes 14 unter einem Winkel von 30° geneigt ist.The pairs 32 of mandrels 14 are inclined differently with their adjacent side flanks, under a total angle of 70 °, wherein the right side edge is inclined at an angle of 40 ° and the left side edge of the respective mandrel 14 at an angle of 30 ° ,

Die Spitze 23 der jeweiligen Spanndorne weist eine quadratische Fläche mit einer Kantenlänge von 0,3 Millimeter auf. Die Gesamthöhe des Spannelementes 12 beträgt 3,18 Millimeter. Gemessen von der Spitze 23 des rechten Spanndornes 14 ist die Höhe zu der Kante, an der die Neigung der Seitenflanke beginnt, mit 0,73 Millimeter vorgesehen; wohingegen die linke Seitenflanke des linken Spanndornes 14 einen Abstand von 0,9 Millimeter zwischen der Kante an der die Seitenflanke beginnt und der Spitze 23 aufweist.The tip 23 of the respective mandrels has a square surface with an edge length of 0.3 millimeters. The total height of the clamping element 12 is 3.18 millimeters. Measured by the tip 23 of the right mandrel 14, the height to the edge at which the slope of the side edge begins, is provided at 0.73 millimeters; whereas the left side flank of the left mandrel 14 a distance of 0.9 millimeters between the edge at which the side edge begins and the tip 23 has.

Die Seitenflanken 19 des Spannelementes 12 sind derart geneigt ausgestaltet, dass das Spannelement 12 in die entsprechend schwalbenschwanzförmig ausgestaltete Aussparung 11 eingeschoben werden kann und dort spielfrei anliegt.The side edges 19 of the clamping element 12 are designed inclined so that the clamping element 12 can be inserted into the corresponding dovetail-shaped recess 11 and there rests without play.

Die Spanndorne 14 sind im Längsschnitt trapezförmig ausgestaltet. Der Abstand zwischen zwei in Reihe 31 angeordneten und benachbart zueinander verlaufenden Spanndorne 14 beträgt 2,05 Millimeter. Eine derartige Ausgestaltung der Spanndorne 14 hat sich insbesondere für den Werkstoff gehärtetes Metall bewährt, da solche Spanndorne 14 optimal in einem aus diesem Werkstoff gefertigtes Werkstück 7 eindringen und dort eine plastische Verformung vornehmen, durch die ein formschlüssiger oder elastischer Wirkverbund zwischen dem Spannelement 14 und dem Werkstück 7 entsteht.The mandrels 14 are designed trapezoidal in longitudinal section. The distance between two arranged in row 31 and adjacent to each other extending mandrels 14 is 2.05 millimeters. Such a configuration of the mandrels 14 has been proven especially for the material hardened metal, since such mandrels 14 optimally penetrate into a workpiece 7 made of this material and there make a plastic deformation, by a positive or elastic knit composite between the clamping element 14 and the Workpiece 7 is created.

In Figur 3b ist ein Spannelement 12 zu entnehmen, das besonders gut geeignet ist, um ein Werkstück 7 aus Stahl einzuspannen. Identische Abmessungen des Spannelementes 12 in Figur 3b mit denjenigen in Figur 3a sind zu übernehmen. Dabei sind die Seitenflanken 22 von zwei benachbarten Spanndorne 14, die in Reihe 31 liegen, unter einem Winkel von 70° angeordnet. Bezogen auf die Symmetrielinie 24 zwischen zwei benachbarten Spanndornen 14 ist eine Seitenflanke 22 unter einem Winkel von 40° und die daneben angeordnete Seitenflanke 22 unter einem Winkel von 30° ausgerichtet. Die Spitze 23 des jeweiligen Spanndornes 14 ist im Querschnitt quadratisch mit einer Seitenlänge von 0,3 Millimeter. Auch der Radius zwischen zwei benachbarten Seitenflanken 22 beträgt 0,4 Millimeter. Der Abstand von der in Reihe 31 liegenden Spanndorne 14 beträgt 1,7 Millimeter.In FIG. 3b is a clamping element 12 can be seen, which is particularly well suited to clamp a workpiece 7 made of steel. Identical dimensions of the clamping element 12 in FIG. 3b with those in FIG. 3a are to take over. The side edges 22 of two adjacent mandrels 14, which lie in row 31, are arranged at an angle of 70 °. Relative to the line of symmetry 24 between two adjacent mandrels 14, a side flank 22 is oriented at an angle of 40 ° and the side flank 22 arranged next thereto is oriented at an angle of 30 °. The tip 23 of the respective mandrel 14 is square in cross section with a side length of 0.3 millimeters. The radius between two adjacent side edges 22 is 0.4 millimeters. The distance from the lying in row 31 mandrels 14 is 1.7 millimeters.

Aus Figur 3c ist ein Spannelement 12 zu entnehmen, durch das ein Werkstück 7 aus dem Werkstoff Aluminium einzuspannen ist. Die Seitenflanken 22 von zwei benachbarten zu Paaren 32 ausgerichteten Spanndornen 14 sind dabei unter einem Winkel von 70° angeordnet. Die Spitze 23 der Spanndorne 14 ist rechteckförmig ausgestaltet und weist Spitzen 32 auf, die unterschiedlich groß bemessene Querschnittsflächen haben. Dabei sind zwei der Spanndorne 14 jeweils zu einem Paar 32 zusammengeschlossen, die identische Querschnitte der Spitzen 23 tragen. Eine der Seitenlängen der ersten Paare 32 der Spanndorne 14 sind 0,2 und die senkrecht dazu verlaufenden Seitenkanten 0,4 Millimeter lang, so dass die Querschnittsfläche 0,08 mm2 beträgt. Die dazu benachbart angeordneten Paare 32 der Spanndorne 14 weisen Seitenkanten von 1,88 und 0,4 oder 0,6 Millimeter auf. Folglich sind die zu einer Reihe 31 zusammengefügten Spanndorne 14 mit unterschiedlich groß bemessenen Spitzen 23 ausgestattet, die wechselweise zueinander angeordnet sind. Die mittlere Höhe der Spanndorne 14 ist von der Stirnflanke 13, 0,94 Millimeter beabstandet. Zwei benachbarte Seitenflanken 22 sind mit einem Radius von 0,4 Millimeter miteinander verbunden.Out Figure 3c is to be seen a clamping element 12, by which a workpiece 7 is to be clamped from the material aluminum. The side edges 22 of two adjacent to pairs 32 aligned mandrels 14 are arranged at an angle of 70 °. The tip 23 of the mandrels 14 is rectangular in shape and has tips 32, the differently sized cross-sectional areas to have. In this case, two of the mandrels 14 are each joined together to form a pair 32, which carry identical cross sections of the tips 23. One of the side lengths of the first pairs 32 of the mandrels 14 are 0.2 and the perpendicular thereto side edges 0.4 millimeters long, so that the cross-sectional area is 0.08 mm 2 . The adjacently arranged pairs 32 of the mandrels 14 have side edges of 1.88 and 0.4 or 0.6 millimeters. Consequently, the mandrels 14 assembled into a row 31 are provided with differently sized tips 23, which are arranged alternately with respect to each other. The mean height of the mandrels 14 is spaced from the front edge 13, 0.94 millimeters. Two adjacent side edges 22 are connected to each other with a radius of 0.4 millimeters.

Der Abstand von zwei benachbarten Spanndornen 14, die auf einer Reihe 31 angeordnet sind, beträgt 2,86 Millimeter und die Höhe der Spanndorne 14 liegt bei 0,7 Millimeter gemessen von dem Beginn der Seitenflanken 22.The distance of two adjacent mandrels 14, which are arranged on a row 31, is 2.86 millimeters and the height of the mandrels 14 is 0.7 millimeters measured from the beginning of the side edges 22.

Die kleiner bemessenen Spanndorne 14 stehen aus der von den größer bemessenen Spanndornen 14 mit einem Abstand von 0,3 Millimeter über. Die Gesamthöhe der kleiner bemessenen Spanndorne 14 beträgt, ausgehend von der Basis der Stirnflanke 14 0,94 Millimeter.The smaller sized mandrels 14 are available from the larger sized mandrels 14 at a distance of 0.3 millimeters. The overall height of the smaller sized mandrels 14 is, starting from the base of the end flank 14, 0.94 millimeters.

Aus Figur 4 ist zu entnehmen, welche Einkerbungen 21 die Spanndorne 14 in das Werkstück 7 einformen. Darüber hinaus ist die maximale Höhe der Einkerbungen 21 mit 3,5 Millimeter von der Unterseite des Werkstückes 7, die auf der Auflagefläche 5 aufliegt, angegeben, so dass das Werkstück 7 lediglich in einem eng begrenzten Bereich beschädigt und daher nachzubearbeiten ist. Tatsächlich wird die Höhe der Einkerbungen weniger als 3,18 Millimeter aufweisen.Out FIG. 4 can be seen, which indentations 21 form the mandrels 14 in the workpiece 7. In addition, the maximum height of the notches 21 is 3.5 millimeters from the bottom of the workpiece 7, which rests on the support surface 5, indicated, so that the workpiece 7 is damaged only in a narrow range and therefore post-processed. In fact, the height of the indentations will be less than 3.18 millimeters.

Oftmals ist es erforderlich das Werkstück 7 in verschiedene Werkzeugmaschinen 8 einzubauen, um dieses unterschiedlich zu bearbeiten. Aufgrund der regelmäßigen Anordnung der Spanndorne 14 an der Stirnflanke 13 des jeweiligen Spannelementes 12 entsteht eine Perforation oder ein Bild von Einkerbungen 21 in dem Werkstück 7, durch die gewährleistet ist, dass das Werkstück 7 an identisch ausgestaltete Spannbacken 2 und Spannelemente 12 eingesetzt werden kann, die an anderen Werkzeugmaschinen 8 vorgesehen sind. Dies erfolgt dadurch, dass das Werkstück 7 entlang der Spanndorne 14 axial und vertikal geringfügig bewegt wird, und zwar solange, bis die Spanndorne 14 in die in dem Werkstück 7 vorhandenen Einkerbungen 21 einrasten. In dieser Position können dann die beiden gegenüberliegenden Spannbacken 2 zugestellt werden, so dass die Spanndorne 14 exakt in den vorgegebenen Einkerbungen 21 in dem Werkstück 7 eindringen und dieses fixieren, ohne dass weitere Einkerbungen 21 entstehen bzw. notwendig sind.It is often necessary to install the workpiece 7 in various machine tools 8 in order to process it differently. Due to the regular arrangement of the mandrels 14 on the front edge 13 of the respective clamping element 12 creates a perforation or image of notches 21 in the workpiece 7, which ensures that the workpiece 7 can be used on identically designed jaws 2 and clamping elements 12, those on other machine tools 8 are provided. This is done by the workpiece 7 is axially and vertically moved slightly along the mandrels 14, and that until the clamping mandrels 14 engage in the present in the workpiece 7 notches 21. In this position, the two opposing clamping jaws 2 can then be delivered, so that the mandrels 14 penetrate exactly in the predetermined notches 21 in the workpiece 7 and fix this, without further indentations 21 arise or are necessary.

Durch die erneute Benutzung der Einkerbungen 21 erfolgt zudem eine Positionierung des Werkstückes 7 in dem ersten bzw. ursprünglichen Einspannzustand, so dass das Werkstück 7 bezogen auf die Werkzeugmaschine 8 nicht erneut auszurichten ist. Folglich kann das Werkstück 7 ohne weiteres ausgespannt werden und zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt an die gleiche oder an eine andere Werkzeugmaschine 8 zur Weiterbearbeitung exakt positioniert befestigt werden.As a result of the renewed use of the indentations 21, the workpiece 7 is also positioned in the first or original clamping state, so that the workpiece 7 is not to be aligned again relative to the machine tool 8. Consequently, the workpiece 7 can be easily unclamped and fixed at a later time to the same or to another machine tool 8 for further processing accurately positioned.

Der Abstand a von zwei benachbarten Aussparungen 11 ist daher gleich groß bemessen und die in den Figuren 3a bis 3c erläuterten geometrischen Ausgestaltungen der trapezförmigen Körper, die den jeweiligen Spanndorn 14 bilden, sind an den anderen Werkzeugmaschinen 8 zu verwenden.The distance a of two adjacent recesses 11 is therefore sized equal and in the FIGS. 3a to 3c explained geometric configurations of the trapezoidal body forming the respective mandrel 14 are to be used on the other machine tools 8.

Da die Verformung des Werkstückes 7 beim Eindringen der Spanndorne 14 sowohl von der Zustellkraft als auch von dem Werkstoff des einzuspannenden Werkstückes 7 abhängig ist, können sowohl elastische als auch plastische Verformungen in dem Werkstück 7 entstehen.Since the deformation of the workpiece 7 upon penetration of the mandrels 14 depends both on the feed force and on the material of the workpiece 7 to be clamped, both elastic and plastic deformations can occur in the workpiece 7.

Um eine ausreichend groß bemessene Schlaghärte oder Festigkeit für das Spannelement 12 bzw. die Spanndorne 14 zu erreichen, sind die Spannelemente 12 und die Spanndorne 14 aus einem gesinterten Vollhartmetallwerkstoff gefertigt. Die Mischung und die Korngröße der jeweiligen Bestandteile des Vollhartmetalls sind derart angepasst, dass eine entsprechend groß bemessene Schlaghärte entsteht. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn das Spannelement 12 und die Spanndorne 14 aus einem Wolframcarbid mit einem prozentualen Anteil von 81 % und aus einem Kobalt-Bindemittel mit einem prozentualen Anteil von 8 % gefertigt sind. Darüberhinaus sind weitere Zugaben erforderlich, die einen prozentualen Anteil von 11 % beinhalten. Solche Mischungen weisen eine mittlere Korngröße nach ISO 4499-2:2008 auf, eine Porosität nach ISO 4505:1978 von A02B00C00, eine Dichte von 13,74 g/cm3, eine Rockwell-Härte nach der Scala "A" von 90,9, eine Vickers-Härte nach der Scala "HV10" von 1420, eine Querzugsfestigkeit von >2500 Mpa und eine Koerzitivkraft nach Oersted von 140 auf.In order to achieve a sufficiently large impact hardness or strength for the clamping element 12 or the mandrels 14, the clamping elements 12 and the mandrels 14 are made of a sintered solid carbide material. The mixture and the grain size of the respective components of the solid carbide are adapted so that a correspondingly large-sized impact hardness is formed. It is particularly advantageous if the clamping element 12 and the clamping mandrels 14 are made of a tungsten carbide with a percentage of 81% and of a cobalt binder with a percentage of 8%. In addition, further additions are required, which include a percentage of 11%. Such mixtures have an average particle size according to ISO 4499-2: 2008, a porosity according to ISO 4505: 1978 A02B00C00, a density of 13.74 g / cm 3 , a Rockwell hardness according to the scale "A" of 90.9 , a Vickers hardness to the Scala "HV10" of 1420, a transverse tensile strength of> 2500 Mpa and a coercive force to Oersted of 140.

Claims (15)

  1. A clamping jaw (2) for clamping a workpiece (7), which can be attached in an exchangeable arrangement on a clamping fixture (1) in particular, in which the clamping jaw (2) has two contact surfaces (5) and clamping surfaces (6) facing towards the workpiece (7) which are in active contact with it during the clamped condition and run at right angles to one another,
    characterised in that,
    one or more recesses (11) is/are worked into the clamping surface (6), that each of the recesses (11) has a triangular shaped inner contour, that one of the tips (15) of the recess (11) faces away from the clamping surface (6), that one clamping element (12) is inserted into each recess (11), with the outer contour of the clamping element (12) adapted to the inner contour of the recess (11), and the end flank (13) of the clamping element (12) facing towards the workpiece (7) having a clamping pin (14) or several clamping pins (14) formed onto or attached to it, and that the clamping pins (14) project beyond the clamping surface (6) formed by the clamping jaw (2).
  2. The clamping jaw in accordance with Claim 1,
    characterised in that,
    the two side walls (17) of the recess (11) are angled inward, preferably at an angle of 5°, in relation to the plane running vertically from the base (18) of the recess (11), and that the corresponding side wall (17) of the recess (11) runs closer to the surface of the clamping jaw (2) than in the area of the base (18).
  3. The clamping jaw in accordance with Claim 1 or 2,
    characterised in that,
    the recess (11) has a dovetail configuration, and that the clamping element (12) has two side edges (19) that are adapted to the tapering inner contour of the side walls (17) of the recess (11) and make contact with the corresponding side wall without play.
  4. The clamping jaw in accordance with Claim 2 or 3,
    characterised in that,
    when the clamping pins (14) penetrate into the workpiece (7), a force vectored in the direction of the clamping surface (6) of the clamping element (2) is created, by means of which the corresponding clamping element (12) is pressed against the tapering side walls (17) of the recess (11), and that the alignment of the side walls (17) means that the clamping element (12) is pressed onto the base (18) of the recess (11).
  5. A clamping element (11) for use in a clamping jaw (2) according to one of the aforementioned claims,
    characterised in that,
    the clamping element (12) has a triangular-shaped outer contour, that one of the end flanks (13) of the clamping element (12) can face towards the workpiece (7) to be clamped in the clamped condition, that one or more clamping pins (14) is/are formed or worked onto the end flank (13) and can be moved into a point-by-point active connection with the workpiece (7) to be clamped during the clamping condition, and that the corresponding clamping pins (14) can produce an elastic or plastic deformation in the workpiece (7) by means of which a positively locking active connection can be established between the clamping element (12) and the corresponding workpiece (7) to be clamped.
  6. The clamping jaw (2) or clamping element (12) in accordance with one of the aforementioned claims,
    characterised in that,
    the clamping pins (14) are configured as trapezoidally shaped bodies and that the tip (23) of the clamping pins (14) facing the workpiece (7) has a rectangular-shaped active surface that is smaller than that of the base surface of the clamping pin (14) that faces towards the clamping surface (6).
  7. The clamping jaw or clamping element in accordance with Claim 6,
    characterised in that,
    two adjacent side flanks (22) of the clamping pins (14) arranged adjacent to one another and in a row (31) form an opening angle of 70° or 90° in relation to one another, that the clamping pins (14) acting together as a pair (32) enclose an angle of 70° and that the tip (23) of the corresponding clamping pin (14) acting on the workpiece (7) to be clamped has a square active surface with a side length of 0.3 millimetres.
  8. The clamping jaw (2) or clamping element (12) in accordance with Claim 6 or 7,
    characterised in that,
    two side flanks (22) of the clamping pins (14) lying in a row (31) are connected with a radius of 0.4 millimetres, and have a distance of 2.05 or 1.7 millimetres.
  9. The clamping jaw (2) or clamping element (12) in accordance with Claim 7,
    characterised in that,
    the two side flanks (22) of one pair (32) of clamping pins (14) are at an angle of 40° or 30° in relation to the axis of symmetry (24) running in between them.
  10. The clamping jaw (2) or clamping element (12) in accordance with Claim 6,
    characterised in that,
    The tip (23) of the clamping pins (14) has a rectangular-shaped active surface with an edge length of 0.2 and 0.4 millimetres or 1.8 millimetres and of 0.4 and 0.6 millimetres.
  11. The clamping jaw (2) or clamping element (12) in accordance with Claim 10,
    characterised in that,
    The tip (23) of the clamping pin (14) with a cross-sectional surface of 0.2 x 0.4 millimetres projects 0.3 millimetres from the tip (23) of the adjacent clamping pin (14), the cross-sectional surface of which is 1.88 x 0.4 or 0.6 millimetres.
  12. The clamping jaw (2) or clamping element (12) in accordance with one of the aforementioned claims,
    characterised in that,
    the recesses (11) of two adjacent clamping jaws (2) are aligned opposite to one another and that the distance (a) between the recesses is of equal size.
  13. The clamping jaw (2) or clamping element (12) in accordance with one of the aforementioned claims,
    characterised in that,
    two of the clamping pins (14) form a pair (32) and that five of the clamping pins (14) run along a row (31) that is aligned at right angles to the axis formed by the pair(s) (32).
  14. The clamping jaw (2) or clamping element (12) in accordance with one of the aforementioned claims,
    characterised in that,
    the height of the corresponding clamping element (12) is 3.18 millimetres and that the depth of the corresponding recess (11) is configured with the same size.
  15. The clamping jaw (2) or clamping element (12) in accordance with one of the aforementioned claims,
    characterised in that,
    the clamping element (12) and the clamping pins (14) are made from a solid carbide, preferably from a tungsten carbide with a proportion of 81 %, with an adapted mixture and grain size, and with a high impact strength.
EP12190124.3A 2012-10-26 2012-10-26 Clamping jaw or clamping element Active EP2724817B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES12190124.3T ES2547760T3 (en) 2012-10-26 2012-10-26 Clamping jaw or clamping element
EP12190124.3A EP2724817B1 (en) 2012-10-26 2012-10-26 Clamping jaw or clamping element
JP2013214483A JP5965882B2 (en) 2012-10-26 2013-10-15 Clamp jaw or clamping element
US14/064,849 US9296090B2 (en) 2012-10-26 2013-10-28 Clamping device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12190124.3A EP2724817B1 (en) 2012-10-26 2012-10-26 Clamping jaw or clamping element

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2724817A1 EP2724817A1 (en) 2014-04-30
EP2724817B1 true EP2724817B1 (en) 2015-06-17

Family

ID=47216056

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12190124.3A Active EP2724817B1 (en) 2012-10-26 2012-10-26 Clamping jaw or clamping element

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US9296090B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2724817B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5965882B2 (en)
ES (1) ES2547760T3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20140117606A1 (en) 2014-05-01
JP5965882B2 (en) 2016-08-10
JP2014083682A (en) 2014-05-12
ES2547760T3 (en) 2015-10-08
US9296090B2 (en) 2016-03-29
EP2724817A1 (en) 2014-04-30

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