EP2723516A1 - Schmiedeverfahren zur herstellung eines kolbens bzw. kolbenschafts - Google Patents
Schmiedeverfahren zur herstellung eines kolbens bzw. kolbenschaftsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2723516A1 EP2723516A1 EP12730876.5A EP12730876A EP2723516A1 EP 2723516 A1 EP2723516 A1 EP 2723516A1 EP 12730876 A EP12730876 A EP 12730876A EP 2723516 A1 EP2723516 A1 EP 2723516A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- forging
- piston
- walls
- shaft
- forged
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012946 outsourcing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003878 thermal aging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/18—Making machine elements pistons or plungers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F2200/00—Manufacturing
- F02F2200/04—Forging of engine parts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
- Y10T29/49249—Piston making
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a forging process for producing a piston or a piston stem.
- the invention also relates to a piston stem produced by this method and to a forging apparatus for carrying out the method.
- Known pistons are usually made cylindrical in a region of the piston crown in order to be able to close the space for the combustion taking place in an internal combustion engine.
- the pin bosses for receiving a piston pin with respect.
- the diameter of the piston skirt are set back inwards. Due to this circumstance, material can be saved in the outer regions and thus a weight reduction can be achieved.
- Shaft wall sections prevent in particular unwanted tilting about the pin axis in the top and bottom dead center.
- the two shank wall sections or the two shank walls are connected via box walls, which contain the piston pin bosses.
- From EP 0 838 587 B2 is a piston with shaft walls and this
- the form engraving in this case has an outer mold ring, a lower mandrel, through which a lower ejector is actuated and an upper mandrel, through which an upper ejector is actuated, wherein in the engraving of the upper mandrel a negative extension cone is provided.
- the mold is closed and the preform is formed by pressing the mandrels to each other, wherein by a combined actuation of the ejector and simultaneous opening of the mold, an ejection of the finished forged piston can take place.
- the present invention is concerned with the problem of providing an improved method for forging a piston skirt, with which, in particular, a weight-reduced piston with inclined box walls can be manufactured comparatively easily and thus economically.
- the present invention is based on the general idea
- Forging method for producing a piston skirt form two stages, being forged in a first stage with a first forging punch and in a subsequent second stage with a second forging punch.
- the piston skirt has, in a known manner, two skirt walls and two box walls connecting these skirt walls.
- the shaft walls can bend or widen conically outwards. A small expansion is required for better molding.
- the box walls are deformed such that their hub outer side substantially parallel to the piston axis or slightly open to the outside and the hub inner side to the free end out to the outside.
- the shank walls are simultaneously drawn into a position which is preferably parallel to the piston axis.
- Hub outside runs according to the Schmiedschrägen downwardly inside obliquely shaped, while the hub inner side approximately parallel to
- Piston axis that is in the present case substantially perpendicular.
- shank area ie the shank walls
- the increasing diameter does not refer to the wall thickness, but to the conical orientation of the
- the piston inner mold is at least in one
- inventive method comparatively simple and thus can be produced economically.
- the piston skirt is forged from an aluminum alloy and then annealed and / or tempered, in particular subjected to a T7 heat treatment.
- targeted heat treatments such as the Tempering or solution annealing can additionally increase the mechanical properties, in particular of aluminum materials.
- the principle of heat treatment is that by a
- the solution annealing is carried out for conventional piston alloys at temperatures between 480 ° and 550 ° C, wherein this temperature is chosen so that a sufficient amount of alloying elements is dissolved in the solid solution, so that the hardening effect after quenching and outsourcing actually occurs.
- the determining parameters here are in particular the solution annealing temperature, the preheating time, the temperature of the coolant, the temperature of the piston shaft at the moment of quenching and the aging temperature and duration.
- the piston or the piston shaft is forged from an iron alloy and then suitably cooled or heat treated to achieve the required strength and the desired residual stress state.
- the subsequent processing can be made from the forged a complete, one-piece piston or a piston base, which results in combination with a piston upper part by joining (eg by welding, gluing, soldering, etc.) or screw a piston.
- Fig. 1 shows an inventive two-stage forging process for
- Fig. 2 is an illustration of the two-stage according to the invention
- 3 is a view as in Fig. 1, but with a divisible
- Fig. 4 is a representation as in Fig. 2, but with spread two-piece second forging punch during the second forging stage.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 each show a complete sectional view parallel to the pin axis 4.
- FIGS. 1 and 3 a first forging stage of the overall two-stage forging method according to the invention is shown, whereas in FIGS. 2 and 4, the respectively associated second forging stage is shown.
- the skirt walls 2 are at least slightly conical outward and the box walls 3 have a hub inner side 7 approximately parallel to the piston axis 6 and one for the free End, that is in the present case down and inward pointing
- the shaft walls 2 are in the
- FIGS. 3 and 4 Sectional views according to FIGS. 3 and 4 not visible, since they are above or below the image plane.
- the box walls 3 are now formed with a second forging punch 9 in such a way that whose hub outer sides 8 are directed substantially parallel to the piston axis 6 or slightly outwards (cf., broken line in FIG. 2) and their inner sides 7 towards the free end, that is to say in the present case, downward.
- the shank walls 2 are simultaneously pulled into a position approximately parallel to the piston axis 6 and thereby define the outside diameter of the piston shank 1.
- Piston lower part are forged with the forging method according to the invention or even a complete piston.
- the skirt walls 2 are drawn inwards by the widening of the box walls 3 until they rest against an outer circumferential surface 10 of the second forging die 9 that is parallel to the piston axis 6.
- this outer lateral surface 10 does not run conically, but in the sectional view according to FIG. 2 approximately parallel to the piston axis 6.
- the first and second forging dies 5, 9 are pressed at the respective forging stage against a die 1 1, wherein the located between the forging punch 5.9 and the die 1 1 piston shaft 1 either during the entire forging process in the die 1 1, that is remains in a die housing the forging apparatus 12 or between forging with the first forging punch 5 and the
- the piston skirt 1 can be made of, for example, an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, a ceramic or an iron-based material
- the second forging punch 9 is designed as a split forging punch.
- the first forging stage is performed in accordance with FIG. 3 analogously to the first forging stage of FIG. 1, wherein the hub inner sides 7 are formed parallel to the piston axis 6 and the hub outer sides 8 obliquely downwards and inwards.
- the hub inner sides 7 are formed parallel to the piston axis 6 and the hub outer sides 8 obliquely downwards and inwards.
- the adjoining second forging becomes the first
- the forging device 12 can be produced comparatively easily and economically, in particular pistons or piston shanks 1 with oblique box walls 3, with the oblique box walls 3 a
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011078145A DE102011078145A1 (de) | 2011-06-27 | 2011-06-27 | Schmiedeverfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens bzw. Kolbenschafts |
| PCT/EP2012/061827 WO2013000789A1 (de) | 2011-06-27 | 2012-06-20 | Schmiedeverfahren zur herstellung eines kolbens bzw. kolbenschafts |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2723516A1 true EP2723516A1 (de) | 2014-04-30 |
| EP2723516B1 EP2723516B1 (de) | 2016-07-20 |
Family
ID=46420119
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP12730876.5A Not-in-force EP2723516B1 (de) | 2011-06-27 | 2012-06-20 | Schmiedeverfahren zur herstellung eines kolbens bzw. kolbenschafts |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8904634B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2723516B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP5982477B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20140048152A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN103596711B (de) |
| BR (1) | BR112013032612A2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102011078145A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2013000789A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104959500A (zh) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-10-07 | 柳州科尔特锻造机械有限公司 | 一种活塞杆锻造生产方法 |
| EP3406367A1 (de) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-11-28 | ThyssenKrupp Metalúrgica Campo Limpo Ltda. | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines kolbenboden mit einer kühlkammer |
| CN110508733B (zh) * | 2019-03-15 | 2021-02-12 | 内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司 | 高强度挤压轴的制造方法 |
| JP7393236B2 (ja) * | 2020-02-07 | 2023-12-06 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 鍛造装置及び車両用ナックル |
| CN115673196B (zh) * | 2022-11-17 | 2025-07-22 | 中国第二重型机械集团德阳万航模锻有限责任公司 | F形锻坯工装及f形锻坯制作方法 |
| CN116174638B (zh) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-09-22 | 江苏珀然股份有限公司 | 一种车轮锻造模具清理装置 |
Family Cites Families (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1835863A (en) * | 1928-08-06 | 1931-12-08 | Champion Machine & Forging Com | Method of forming pistons |
| US2539903A (en) * | 1946-12-05 | 1951-01-30 | Smith Corp A O | Piston fabrication |
| DE1210302B (de) * | 1959-12-02 | 1966-02-03 | Karl Schmidt Ges Mit Beschraen | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Kolben mit einem Kuehlmittelraum im Kolbenboden |
| JPS63119944A (ja) * | 1986-11-10 | 1988-05-24 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | ピストンの鍛造方法 |
| DE3811200A1 (de) | 1988-04-01 | 1989-10-19 | Berchem & Schaberg Gmbh | Kolbenrohling fuer einen geschmiedeten kolben |
| DE69724035T2 (de) * | 1996-05-20 | 2004-02-19 | Yamaha Hatsudoki K.K., Iwata | Verfahren zur Herstellung einen Kolben für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
| DE19643778C2 (de) * | 1996-10-23 | 2000-04-13 | Alcan Gmbh | Leichtbaukolben |
| US6032570A (en) * | 1998-04-10 | 2000-03-07 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Composite piston for machine |
| JP2000005840A (ja) * | 1998-06-24 | 2000-01-11 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | 鍛造ピストンおよびその製造方法 |
| JP3942129B2 (ja) * | 1998-07-09 | 2007-07-11 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | 鍛造ピストンの製造方法および鍛造用金型 |
| JP4155423B2 (ja) * | 1998-07-23 | 2008-09-24 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | 鍛造ピストンの製造方法および鍛造済み成形素材 |
| DE10113629A1 (de) * | 2001-03-21 | 2002-10-02 | Thyssen Krupp Automotive Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kolben- bzw. Kolbenbauteilen sowie Schmiedewerkzeug |
| ATE305088T1 (de) * | 2002-03-25 | 2005-10-15 | Brp Rotax Gmbh & Co Kg | Kolben |
| US7104183B2 (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2006-09-12 | Karl Schmidt Unisia, Inc. | One-piece steel piston |
| DE102005041000B4 (de) * | 2005-08-29 | 2012-07-05 | Thyssenkrupp Automotive Ag | Verfahren, Fertigungslinie und Kolbenrohling zum Herstellen eines einteilig ausgebildeten Kolbens für Verbrennungsmotoren, sowie Kolben für Verbrennungsmotoren |
| DE102005061354A1 (de) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-06-28 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Kolben für eine hydraulische Bremse und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
| DE102006020861B4 (de) * | 2006-05-04 | 2010-08-26 | Gesenkschmiede Schneider Gmbh | Einstufiges Schmiedeverfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von buchsenartigen Schmiedeteilen |
| ES2357618T3 (es) * | 2006-09-26 | 2011-04-28 | ThyssenKrupp Metalúrgica Campo Limpo Ltda. | Procedimiento para la fabricacjón de un pistón para motores de combustión interna y pistón para un motor de combustión interna. |
| JP5300118B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-06 | 2013-09-25 | 日産自動車株式会社 | アルミニウム合金鋳物の製造方法 |
| FR2934607B1 (fr) * | 2008-07-30 | 2011-04-29 | Alcan Int Ltd | Piece moulee en alliage d'aluminium a hautes resistances a la fatigue et au fluage a chaud |
| JP5526130B2 (ja) * | 2009-07-03 | 2014-06-18 | 昭和電工株式会社 | エンジンピストン用素形材の製造方法 |
| DE102009056917B4 (de) * | 2009-12-03 | 2018-12-20 | Mahle International Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens für einen Verbrennungsmotor |
| CN103025902A (zh) * | 2010-06-16 | 2013-04-03 | 诺尔斯海德公司 | 可铸造的耐热铝合金 |
-
2011
- 2011-06-27 DE DE102011078145A patent/DE102011078145A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-06-20 WO PCT/EP2012/061827 patent/WO2013000789A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2012-06-20 KR KR1020137034471A patent/KR20140048152A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-06-20 JP JP2014517600A patent/JP5982477B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-06-20 EP EP12730876.5A patent/EP2723516B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-06-20 BR BR112013032612A patent/BR112013032612A2/pt active Search and Examination
- 2012-06-20 CN CN201280027439.2A patent/CN103596711B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-06-26 US US13/533,604 patent/US8904634B2/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2013000789A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2723516B1 (de) | 2016-07-20 |
| US20130036608A1 (en) | 2013-02-14 |
| DE102011078145A1 (de) | 2012-12-27 |
| CN103596711A (zh) | 2014-02-19 |
| KR20140048152A (ko) | 2014-04-23 |
| US8904634B2 (en) | 2014-12-09 |
| JP2014519987A (ja) | 2014-08-21 |
| CN103596711B (zh) | 2016-08-31 |
| WO2013000789A1 (de) | 2013-01-03 |
| BR112013032612A2 (pt) | 2017-01-24 |
| JP5982477B2 (ja) | 2016-08-31 |
| DE102011078145A8 (de) | 2013-03-07 |
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