EP2713354A1 - Parking guidance system - Google Patents

Parking guidance system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2713354A1
EP2713354A1 EP13185579.3A EP13185579A EP2713354A1 EP 2713354 A1 EP2713354 A1 EP 2713354A1 EP 13185579 A EP13185579 A EP 13185579A EP 2713354 A1 EP2713354 A1 EP 2713354A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
parking
occupancy
evaluation device
parking space
guidance system
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP13185579.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Oliver GRÄBNER
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
    • G08G1/141—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas with means giving the indication of available parking spaces
    • G08G1/144—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas with means giving the indication of available parking spaces on portable or mobile units, e.g. personal digital assistant [PDA]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G07B15/02—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points taking into account a variable factor such as distance or time, e.g. for passenger transport, parking systems or car rental systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
    • G08G1/145—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas where the indication depends on the parking areas
    • G08G1/147—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas where the indication depends on the parking areas where the parking area is within an open public zone, e.g. city centre

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a parking guidance system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • parking search traffic - ie vehicles whose drivers are looking for a free parking space to park their vehicle - occupies a considerable part of the urban traffic volume.
  • parking guidance systems are known which attempt to capture the current number of free parking spaces in different parking areas as accurately as possible and spend this parking space information on dynamic signs to road users.
  • a parking area may have parking spaces in multi-storey car parks and in parking lots with entry and exit barriers.
  • the parking spaces of the parking zones or on public roads which are managed by means of parking ticket machines.
  • Such a parking guidance system for example, from the DE product "Park Control Center PLC2000", issued in 2002 by Siemens AG under the Order No. A24705-X-A * whereas- - 04th
  • a parking guidance system is known, as it is used in many cities.
  • the free parking spaces in parking garages and parking lots are determined by subtraction of the numbers of vehicles entering and exiting therefrom.
  • the determination of the occupancy status in publicly accessible parking spaces with parking ticket machines is more difficult.
  • the access time of a vehicle by solving a parking ticket is known, but not the exact departure time.
  • the DE 43 20 918 A1 discloses for this purpose in the parking ticket machine integrated detection device for detecting the number of vehicles, with which the current occupancy is determined taking into account a certain "redundancy".
  • a parking ticket machine assigned to the parking zone issues parking tickets with a validity period corresponding to the estimated parking time.
  • the parking zone is integrated into a parking guidance system which comprises a central device connected to the parking ticket machine and display devices connected to the central device, which indicate information about free parking zones for parking-space-seeking drivers.
  • the parking zone time is divided into time intervals, to which a counter is assigned whose predetermined maximum value corresponds to the number of available parking spaces. At a given time, the respective counter reading of all counters is set to zero.
  • the counter reading of those counter is increased by one whose associated time interval is included in the period of validity of the parking ticket.
  • the current number of free parking spaces is determined by calculating the difference between the count of the current time interval and the maximum value of the available parking spaces.
  • this method has the uncertainty as to whether the validity period of the released parking ticket coincides with the actual occupancy time of the parking space by a vehicle. In addition, it is not clear whether a parking space is occupied by a vehicle whose driver has not solved a parking ticket.
  • the publication DE 10 2006 016 050 A1 shows a system for managing a parking zone with paid Parking spaces for vehicles, in particular a parking zone created on or on a public road.
  • the management system includes a machine assigned to the parking spaces for the payment of a parking fee for a parking space.
  • At each parking space at least one vehicle detector is arranged, which is designed to determine the occupancy state of the parking space.
  • communication means for wireless data transmission between each of a vehicle detector and the parking meter are provided, by means of which the occupancy status representing data can be transmitted.
  • This parking area management system can indicate the current occupancy state of the parking spaces of the managed parking zone promptly and accurately, but is costly to buy and install and depends on the detection reliability of the vehicle detectors used.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a parking guidance system of the type mentioned, which can indicate the current occupancy state of the parking spaces in a parking area in better quality.
  • the invention solves the problem by a generic parking guidance system with the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • the parking guidance system for a traffic route network with at least one parking area, in which parking spaces for vehicles are arranged on public roads, has payment facilities for payment of parking fees, an evaluation device for detecting an occupancy state of the parking spaces and information facilities for outputting a detected parking space occupancy to a parking lot seeking driver.
  • Park area here means a geographical area, for example a city area, with a given number of fee-based parking spaces for vehicles. At least a part of the parking spaces is located on public roads, parking spaces can also be arranged in parking garages or in parking lots in the park area.
  • a payment device is formed by a terminal carried by the driver, for example a mobile phone or smartphone, which has a locating unit for determining the current position and a communication unit for wireless data transmission.
  • the terminal is adapted to pay a parking fee for a parking space in communication with a billing center.
  • the billing center determines the due parking fee and posts it from a designated account of the user.
  • the evaluation device is in communication with the billing center and is set up to determine a parking space occupancy for the parking area on the basis of the position of the terminal and the time and the amount of parking fee payment.
  • the difference between the total number of parking spaces in the parking area and the occupied at an information time by Parkenburgenentraum parking spaces is formed to determine the number of free parking spaces.
  • the parking space occupancy can also be specified as the ratio of the free parking spaces to the total number of parking spaces.
  • the increasing proportion of parking tickets sold by mobile terminals is taken into account, which has not been included in the parking space allocation determinations known from the prior art. Accordingly, the quality of the determined parking space occupancy increases, which should reduce the disturbing parking search traffic.
  • a payment device is formed by parking ticket machines arranged in the region of allocated parking spaces for the payment of a parking fee.
  • the ticket machines are in communication with the evaluation device directly or via a parking ticket machine control center.
  • the evaluation device is set up to additionally determine the parking space occupancy for the parking area on the basis of the times and the heights of the parking fees paid at the respective parking ticket machines.
  • a part of the parking spaces of the parking area are assigned occupancy sensors for detecting the occupancy status of a parking space.
  • the occupancy sensors are in communication with the evaluation device directly or via a sensor center.
  • the evaluation device is set up to additionally determine the parking space occupancy for the parking area on the basis of the occupancy statuses recorded by the occupancy sensors.
  • Occupancy sensors can be arranged overhead, for example as ultrasonic sensors, under the floor in the pavement of the parking space, for example based on a magnetic or electromagnetic measuring principle sensor, or hanging on a mast or structure, as a radar sensor.
  • an information device is formed by the terminal.
  • the parking space information can also be output to the user via the same terminal with which a parking fee can be paid on the move.
  • the terminal has a display unit for outputting a parking space allocation determined and transmitted by the evaluation device for the parking area. Particularly suitable for this are the large screen displays of smartphones.
  • a route can be output, which navigates the vehicle from the current position of the terminal to the nearest free parking space.
  • the parking space allocation can also be output on other information devices, such as on dynamic signs or on the Internet.
  • the illustrated in the figure parking guidance system is to assist drivers of vehicles to quickly find a free parking space within a parking area to park their vehicle.
  • the driver according to the invention with a mobile terminal 1, in particular a mobile phone or smartphone, with him.
  • the terminal 1 has a location unit for determining the current position, for example a receiver for a position signal of a global satellite-based position determination system.
  • the terminal 1 also has a communication unit for wireless data transmission, via which it can communicate with a billing center 2 in communication.
  • the terminal 1 is equipped with data processing means which are set up to execute an application program for mobile parking fee payment.
  • the terminal 1 communicates with the billing center 2 in communication and transmits the data entered by the driver or user on the beginning and duration of parking time and identification data for the selected parking space and the parked vehicle.
  • the parking fee due for this purpose is determined and transmitted to the terminal 1 and debited from a user account created for this purpose.
  • the data of this process can be called up by control devices, by means of which on-site compliance with parking space regulations can be controlled.
  • these data are first of all via the associated position data of the terminals 1 Park area in whose geographical area the position is located. Due to the known total numbers of parking spaces in the respective parking areas, a parking space occupancy for a parking area can be determined in the evaluation device 7 by deducting from the total number of mobile via terminals 1 affordable parking spaces, the number of currently valid payment transactions. If necessary, the parking space occupancy is corrected with factors that take into account the proportion of parking spaces for which parking fees are paid via terminals 1. This optionally corrected parking space occupancy is transmitted by the evaluation center 7 to an information device of the parking guidance system designed as a mobile terminal 8.
  • the terminal 8 may be identical to the terminal 1, but is carried in the illustrated embodiment by a driver who is looking for a free parking space.
  • the terminal 8 has a display unit for outputting a parking space assignment determined and transmitted by the evaluation device 7, for example the large-screen display of a smartphone.
  • the evaluation device 7 for example the large-screen display of a smartphone.
  • the user can have the parking space allocations of different parking areas displayed in succession or in an overview in order to obtain information on the closest parking area with a high availability of free parking spaces. Then he can drive directly to this parking area and contributes so little to the parking search traffic.
  • the statistical evaluation also includes data which is obtained via the payment device formed by parking ticket machines 3.
  • Parking ticket machines 3 are assigned to specific parking spaces and arranged in their area to pay a parking fee.
  • Several parking ticket machines 3 in the parking area is assigned a parking ticket machine center 4, with which they are in communication.
  • the parking ticket machines 3 transmit to the parking ticket machine center 4 times and the heights of parking fees paid to them.
  • the parking ticket machine control center 4 is in turn in communication with the evaluation center 7, in which then the parking space occupancy for the parking area can also be determined based on this occupancy information.
  • the parking guidance system provides to include sensor occupancy data in the statistical evaluation of the evaluation device 7.
  • the evaluation facility 7 is set up to additionally determine the parking space occupancy for the parking area on the basis of the occupancy statuses detected by the occupancy sensors.
  • the inventively determined Stallplatz occupancy of a parking area can be issued in addition to mobile devices 8 also classically dynamic signs or on the Internet as information facilities on the parking space seeking driver.

Abstract

The system has an evaluation device (7) detecting an occupancy state of storage positions and information facilities to provide a covered storage position occupancy to a storage position searching rider. A detection unit determines current position of a mobile terminal (1) i.e. smartphone. A wireless data transfer unit is in communication with accounting centrals (2). The evaluation device is in communication with the accounting centrals. The evaluation device determines the terminal position and determines time and amount of parking fees paid by a storage position occupancy for parking-area.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Parkleitsystem nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a parking guidance system according to the preamble of claim 1.

Der so genannte Parksuchverkehr - also Fahrzeuge, deren Fahrer auf der Suche nach einem freien Stellplatz zum Parken ihres Fahrzeugs sind, - nimmt einen beträchtlichen Teil des innerstädtischen Verkehrsaufkommens ein. Zur Minimierung des Parksuchverkehrs sind Parkleitsysteme bekannt, welche die aktuelle Anzahl an in verschiedenen Parkarealen freien Stellplätzen möglichst genau zu erfassen versuchen und diese Stellplatzinformation über dynamische Hinweisschilder an Verkehrsteilnehmer ausgeben. Ein Parkareal kann Stellplätze in Parkhäusern und auf Parkplätzen mit Ein- und Ausfahrtsschranken aufweisen. Hinzu kommen die Stellplätze der Parkzonen an oder auf öffentlichen Straßen, die mittels Parkscheinautomaten verwaltet werden. Ein derartiges Parkleitsystem ist beispielsweise aus der DE-Produktschrift "Parkleitzentrale PLC2000", herausgegeben 2002 von Siemens AG unter der Order-No. A24705-X-A.....-*-04.The so-called parking search traffic - ie vehicles whose drivers are looking for a free parking space to park their vehicle - occupies a considerable part of the urban traffic volume. In order to minimize the parking search traffic parking guidance systems are known which attempt to capture the current number of free parking spaces in different parking areas as accurately as possible and spend this parking space information on dynamic signs to road users. A parking area may have parking spaces in multi-storey car parks and in parking lots with entry and exit barriers. In addition, the parking spaces of the parking zones or on public roads, which are managed by means of parking ticket machines. Such a parking guidance system, for example, from the DE product "Park Control Center PLC2000", issued in 2002 by Siemens AG under the Order No. A24705-X-A * .....- - 04th

Aus der Offenlegungsschrift DE 43 20 918 A1 ist ein Parkleitsystem bekannt, wie es in vielen Städten eingesetzt wird. Dabei werden die freien Abstellplätze in Parkhäusern und Parkplätzen durch Differenzbildung der Anzahlen von darin ein-und daraus ausfahrenden Fahrzeugen ermittelt. Auf Anzeigetafeln im Zufahrtsbereich zur Innenstadt oder durch Übertragung auf individuelle Navigationssysteme in den Fahrzeugen werden optimale Routen zu Parkarealen mit noch nicht vollständig belegten Stellplätzen angegeben.From the publication DE 43 20 918 A1 a parking guidance system is known, as it is used in many cities. The free parking spaces in parking garages and parking lots are determined by subtraction of the numbers of vehicles entering and exiting therefrom. On display boards in the access area to the city center or by transfer to individual navigation systems in the vehicles optimal routes to parking areas are not yet fully occupied pitches indicated.

Schwieriger gestaltet sich die Erfassung des Belegungszustandes bei öffentlich zugänglichen Stellplätzen mit Parkscheinautomaten. Hier ist zwar die Zufahrtszeit eines Fahrzeuges durch das Lösen eines Parkscheines bekannt, nicht jedoch dessen genaue Abfahrtszeit. Die DE 43 20 918 A1 offenbart hierzu ein in den Parkscheinautomaten integriertes Erfassungsgerät zur Erfassung der Zahl der Fahrzeuge, mit welchem die aktuelle Belegung bei Berücksichtigung einer gewissen "Redundanz" ermittelt wird.The determination of the occupancy status in publicly accessible parking spaces with parking ticket machines is more difficult. Here, although the access time of a vehicle by solving a parking ticket is known, but not the exact departure time. The DE 43 20 918 A1 discloses for this purpose in the parking ticket machine integrated detection device for detecting the number of vehicles, with which the current occupancy is determined taking into account a certain "redundancy".

Aus der Patentschrift DE 197 20 415 C1 ist ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer Parkraumbelegung in einer öffentlich zugänglichen Parkzone, in der das Parken in einer Parkzonenzeit gebührenpflichtig ist, bekannt. Ein der Parkzone zugeordneter Parkscheinautomat gibt Parkscheine mit einer der voraussichtlichen Parkzeit entsprechenden Gültigkeitsdauer aus. Die Parkzone ist in ein Parkleitsystem eingebunden, welches eine mit dem Parkscheinautomaten verbundene Zentraleinrichtung und mit der Zentraleinrichtung verbundene Anzeigevorrichtungen umfasst, welche Informationen über freie Parkzonen für Parkraum suchende Fahrzeugführer angeben. Die Parkzonenzeit wird in Zeitintervalle aufgeteilt, welchen ein Zähler zugeordnet wird, dessen vorgegebener Maximalwert der Anzahl der verfügbaren Abstellplätze entspricht. Zu einem vorgegebenen Zeitpunkt wird der jeweilige Zählerstand aller Zähler auf Null gesetzt. Beim Ausgeben eines Parkscheins wird der Zählerstand derjenigen Zähler um Eins erhöht, deren zugeordnetes Zeitintervall in der Gültigkeitsdauer des Parkscheins beinhaltet ist. Die aktuelle Anzahl der freien Stellplätze wird durch Differenzbildung aus dem Zählerstand des aktuellen Zeitintervalls und dem Maximalwert der verfügbaren Abstellplätze ermittelt.From the patent DE 197 20 415 C1 A method is known for determining a parking space occupancy in a publicly accessible parking zone in which the parking in a parking zone time is chargeable known. A parking ticket machine assigned to the parking zone issues parking tickets with a validity period corresponding to the estimated parking time. The parking zone is integrated into a parking guidance system which comprises a central device connected to the parking ticket machine and display devices connected to the central device, which indicate information about free parking zones for parking-space-seeking drivers. The parking zone time is divided into time intervals, to which a counter is assigned whose predetermined maximum value corresponds to the number of available parking spaces. At a given time, the respective counter reading of all counters is set to zero. When issuing a parking ticket, the counter reading of those counter is increased by one whose associated time interval is included in the period of validity of the parking ticket. The current number of free parking spaces is determined by calculating the difference between the count of the current time interval and the maximum value of the available parking spaces.

Dieses Verfahren weist jedoch die Unsicherheit auf, ob die Gültigkeitsdauer des gelösten Parkscheines mit der tatsächlichen Belegungsdauer des Stellplatzes durch ein Fahrzeug übereinstimmt. Außerdem ist nicht ersichtlich, ob ein Stellplatz durch ein Fahrzeug belegt ist, dessen Fahrer keinen Parkschein gelöst hat.However, this method has the uncertainty as to whether the validity period of the released parking ticket coincides with the actual occupancy time of the parking space by a vehicle. In addition, it is not clear whether a parking space is occupied by a vehicle whose driver has not solved a parking ticket.

Die Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2006 016 050 A1 zeigt ein System zur Verwaltung einer Parkzone mit gebührenpflichtigen Stellplätzen für Fahrzeuge, insbesondere einer an oder auf einer öffentlichen Straße angelegten Parkzone. Das Verwaltungssystem umfasst einen den Abstellplätzen zugeordneten Automaten zur Bezahlung einer Parkgebühr für einen Stellplatz. An jedem Stellplatz ist mindestens ein Fahrzeugdetektor angeordnet, der zur Bestimmung des Belegungszustandes des Stellplatzes ausgebildet ist. Ferner sind Kommunikationsmittel zur drahtlosen Datenübertragung zwischen je einem Fahrzeugdetektor und dem Parkgebührenautomaten vorgesehen, mittels welcher den Belegungszustand darstellende Daten übertragbar sind. Dieses Parkzonenverwaltungssystem kann den aktuellen Belegungszustand der Stellplätze der verwalteten Parkzone zeitnah und platzgenau angeben, ist aber kostenaufwändig in der Anschaffung und Installation und hängt von der Detektionssicherheit der verwendeten Fahrzeugdetektoren ab.The publication DE 10 2006 016 050 A1 shows a system for managing a parking zone with paid Parking spaces for vehicles, in particular a parking zone created on or on a public road. The management system includes a machine assigned to the parking spaces for the payment of a parking fee for a parking space. At each parking space at least one vehicle detector is arranged, which is designed to determine the occupancy state of the parking space. Furthermore, communication means for wireless data transmission between each of a vehicle detector and the parking meter are provided, by means of which the occupancy status representing data can be transmitted. This parking area management system can indicate the current occupancy state of the parking spaces of the managed parking zone promptly and accurately, but is costly to buy and install and depends on the detection reliability of the vehicle detectors used.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Parkleitsystem der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, welches den aktuellen Belegungszustand der Stellplätze in einem Parkareal in besserer Qualität angeben kann.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a parking guidance system of the type mentioned, which can indicate the current occupancy state of the parking spaces in a parking area in better quality.

Die Erfindung löst die Aufgabe durch ein gattungsgemäßes Parkleitsystem mit den im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruches 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Das Parkleitsystem für ein Verkehrswegenetz mit mindestens einem Parkareal, in welchem Stellplätze für Fahrzeuge an öffentlichen Verkehrswegen angeordnet sind, weist Bezahleinrichtungen zur Entrichtung von Parkgebühren, eine Auswertungseinrichtung zur Erfassung eines Belegungszustandes der Stellplätze und Informationseinrichtungen zur Ausgabe einer erfassten Stellplatzbelegung an einen Stellplatz suchende Fahrer auf. Unter Parkareal wird hier ein geografisches Gebiet, beispielsweise ein Stadtgebiet, mit einer gegebenen Anzahl an gebührenpflichtigen Stellplätzen für Fahrzeuge verstanden. Wenigstens ein Teil der Stellplätze ist an öffentlichen Straßen angeordnet, Stellplätze können aber auch in Parkhäusern oder auf Parkplätzen im Parkareal angeordnet sein. Erfindungsgemäß ist eine Bezahleinrichtung durch ein vom Fahrer mitgeführtes Endgerät gebildet, beispielsweise ein Mobilfunktelefon oder Smartphone, welches eine Ortungseinheit zur Bestimmung der aktuellen Position und eine Kommunikationseinheit zur drahtlosen Datenübertragung aufweist. Das Endgerät ist dazu eingerichtet, in Kommunikation mit einer Abrechnungszentrale eine Parkgebühr für einen Stellplatz zu entrichten. Hierbei kann der Fahrer beziehungsweise Nutzer über sein Endgerät Identifikationsdaten zu seinem Fahrzeug und dem gewählten Stellplatz sowie den Beginn und die gewünschte Dauer der Parkzeit. Die Abrechnungszentrale bestimmt daraus die fällige Parkgebühr und bucht diese von einem hierfür vorgesehenen Konto des Nutzers ab. Die Auswertungseinrichtung steht in Kommunikationsverbindung mit der Abrechnungszentrale und ist dazu eingerichtet, anhand der Position des Endgerätes und des Zeitpunktes und der Höhe der Parkgebührenentrichtung eine Stellplatzbelegung für das Parkareal zu ermitteln. Hierzu wird die Differenz der Gesamtzahl an Stellplätzen im Parkareal und der zu einem Informationszeitpunkt durch Parkgebührenentrichtung belegten Stellplätze gebildet, um die Anzahl an freien Stellplätzen zu ermitteln. Die Stellplatzbelegung kann auch als Verhältnis der freien Stellplätze zur Gesamtzahl an Stellplätzen angegeben werden. Mit Vorteil wird der zunehmende Anteil an durch mobile Endgeräte verkauften Parktickets berücksichtigt, der in aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Stellplatzbelegungsermittlungen nicht eingeflossen ist. Dementsprechend erhöht sich die Qualität der ermittelten Stellplatzbelegungen, was den störenden Parksuchverkehr vermindern dürfte.The invention solves the problem by a generic parking guidance system with the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1. The parking guidance system for a traffic route network with at least one parking area, in which parking spaces for vehicles are arranged on public roads, has payment facilities for payment of parking fees, an evaluation device for detecting an occupancy state of the parking spaces and information facilities for outputting a detected parking space occupancy to a parking lot seeking driver. Park area here means a geographical area, for example a city area, with a given number of fee-based parking spaces for vehicles. At least a part of the parking spaces is located on public roads, parking spaces can also be arranged in parking garages or in parking lots in the park area. According to the invention, a payment device is formed by a terminal carried by the driver, for example a mobile phone or smartphone, which has a locating unit for determining the current position and a communication unit for wireless data transmission. The terminal is adapted to pay a parking fee for a parking space in communication with a billing center. Here, the driver or user via his terminal identification data for his vehicle and the selected parking space and the beginning and the desired duration of the parking time. From this, the billing center determines the due parking fee and posts it from a designated account of the user. The evaluation device is in communication with the billing center and is set up to determine a parking space occupancy for the parking area on the basis of the position of the terminal and the time and the amount of parking fee payment. For this purpose, the difference between the total number of parking spaces in the parking area and the occupied at an information time by Parkgebührenentrichtung parking spaces is formed to determine the number of free parking spaces. The parking space occupancy can also be specified as the ratio of the free parking spaces to the total number of parking spaces. Advantageously, the increasing proportion of parking tickets sold by mobile terminals is taken into account, which has not been included in the parking space allocation determinations known from the prior art. Accordingly, the quality of the determined parking space occupancy increases, which should reduce the disturbing parking search traffic.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Parkleitsystems ist eine Bezahleinrichtung durch im Bereich zugeordneter Stellplätze angeordnete Parkscheinautomaten zur Entrichtung einer Parkgebühr gebildet. Die Parkscheinautomaten stehen direkt oder über eine Parkscheinautomatenzentrale mit der Auswertungseinrichtung in Kommunikationsverbindung. Die Auswertungseinrichtung ist dazu eingerichtet, die Stellplatzbelegung für das Parkareal zusätzlich anhand der Zeitpunkte und der Höhen der an den jeweiligen Parkscheinautomaten entrichteten Parkgebühren zu ermitteln. Durch Einbeziehen der Belegungsinformationen sowohl von über mobile Endgeräte als auch über Parkscheinautomaten verkauften Parktickets wird die Qualität der ermittelten Stellplatzbelegung nochmals erhöht.In an advantageous embodiment of the parking guidance system according to the invention, a payment device is formed by parking ticket machines arranged in the region of allocated parking spaces for the payment of a parking fee. The ticket machines are in communication with the evaluation device directly or via a parking ticket machine control center. The evaluation device is set up to additionally determine the parking space occupancy for the parking area on the basis of the times and the heights of the parking fees paid at the respective parking ticket machines. By inclusion the occupancy information both on mobile devices as well as park tickets sold parking tickets the quality of the determined parking space occupancy is increased again.

In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Parkleitsystems sind einem Teil der Stellplätze des Parkareals Belegungssensoren zur Erfassung des Belegungszustandes eines Stellplatzes zugeordnet. Die Belegungssensoren stehen mit der Auswertungseinrichtung direkt oder über eine Sensorzentrale in Kommunikationsverbindung. Die Auswertungseinrichtung ist dazu eingerichtet, die Stellplatzbelegung für das Parkareal zusätzlich anhand der von den Belegungssensoren erfassten Belegungszustände zu ermitteln. Belegungssensoren können über Kopf, beispielsweise als Ultraschallsensoren, unter Flur im Fahrbahnbelag des Stellplatzes, beispielsweise auf einem magnetischen oder elektromagnetischen Messprinzip beruhender Sensor, oder an einem Mast oder Bauwerk hängend, als Radarsensor, angeordnet sein. Diese geben stellplatzgenaue Belegungsinformationen ab und können, dort wo sie installiert sind, die Qualität der ermittelten Stellplatzbelegung nochmals verbessern.In a preferred embodiment of the parking guidance system according to the invention, a part of the parking spaces of the parking area are assigned occupancy sensors for detecting the occupancy status of a parking space. The occupancy sensors are in communication with the evaluation device directly or via a sensor center. The evaluation device is set up to additionally determine the parking space occupancy for the parking area on the basis of the occupancy statuses recorded by the occupancy sensors. Occupancy sensors can be arranged overhead, for example as ultrasonic sensors, under the floor in the pavement of the parking space, for example based on a magnetic or electromagnetic measuring principle sensor, or hanging on a mast or structure, as a radar sensor. These provide location-specific occupancy information and, where they are installed, can further improve the quality of the determined parking space occupancy.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Parkleitsystems ist eine Informationseinrichtung durch das Endgerät gebildet. Damit kann über dasselbe Endgerät, mit dem mobil eine Parkgebühr entrichtet werden kann, auch die Stellplatzinformation an den Nutzer ausgegeben werden. Das Endgerät weist eine Anzeigeeinheit zur Ausgabe einer von der Auswertungseinrichtung ermittelten und übertragenen Stellplatzbelegung für das Parkareal auf. Hierzu eignen sich besonders die großen Bildschirmanzeigen von Smartphones. Zusätzlich kann eine Route ausgegeben werden, die das Fahrzeug von der aktuellen Position des Endgeräts zum nächstliegenden freien Stellplatz navigiert. Die Stellplatzbelegung kann auch auf anderen Informationseinrichtungen, wie zum Beispiel auf dynamischen Hinweisschildern oder im Internet, ausgegeben werden. Weitere Eigenschaften und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus nachfolgender Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der Zeichnung, in deren einziger Figur ein erfindungsgemäßes Parkleitsystem schematisch veranschaulicht ist.In an advantageous embodiment of the parking guidance system according to the invention an information device is formed by the terminal. In this way, the parking space information can also be output to the user via the same terminal with which a parking fee can be paid on the move. The terminal has a display unit for outputting a parking space allocation determined and transmitted by the evaluation device for the parking area. Particularly suitable for this are the large screen displays of smartphones. In addition, a route can be output, which navigates the vehicle from the current position of the terminal to the nearest free parking space. The parking space allocation can also be output on other information devices, such as on dynamic signs or on the Internet. Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawing, in the single figure of an inventive parking guidance system is schematically illustrated.

Das in der Figur veranschaulichte Parkleitsystem soll Fahrer von Fahrzeugen unterstützen, innerhalb eines Parkareals zügig einen freien Stellplatz zum Parken ihres Fahrzeugs zu finden. Hierzu führt der Fahrer erfindungsgemäß ein mobiles Endgerät 1, insbesondere ein Mobiltelefon oder Smartphone, mit sich. Das Endgerät 1 weist eine Ortungseinheit zur Bestimmung der aktuellen Position auf, beispielsweise einen Empfänger für ein Positionssignal eines Globalen Satelliten-gestützten Positionsbestimmungssystems. Das Endgerät 1 weist ferner eine Kommunikationseinheit zur drahtlosen Datenübertragung auf, über die es mit einer Abrechnungszentrale 2 in Kommunikationsverbindung treten kann. Außerdem ist das Endgerät 1 mit Datenverarbeitungsmitteln ausgestattet, die zur Ausführung eines Applikationsprogramms zur mobilen Parkgebührenentrichtung eingerichtet sind.The illustrated in the figure parking guidance system is to assist drivers of vehicles to quickly find a free parking space within a parking area to park their vehicle. For this purpose, the driver according to the invention with a mobile terminal 1, in particular a mobile phone or smartphone, with him. The terminal 1 has a location unit for determining the current position, for example a receiver for a position signal of a global satellite-based position determination system. The terminal 1 also has a communication unit for wireless data transmission, via which it can communicate with a billing center 2 in communication. In addition, the terminal 1 is equipped with data processing means which are set up to execute an application program for mobile parking fee payment.

Hierbei tritt das Endgerät 1 mit der Abrechnungszentrale 2 in Kommunikationsverbindung und überträgt die von Fahrer oder Nutzer eingegebenen Daten über Beginn und Dauer der Parkzeit sowie Identifikationsdaten zum gewählten Stellplatz und zum geparkten Fahrzeug. In der Abrechnungszentrale 2 wird die hierfür fällige Parkgebühr ermittelt und an das Endgerät 1 übertragen und von einem hierfür angelegten Nutzerkonto abgebucht. Die Daten dieses Vorgangs sind von Kontrollgeräten abrufbar, mittels derer Vorort die Einhaltung von Stellplatzvorschriften kontrolliert werden kann. Damit liegen in der Abrechnungszentrale 2 Daten über die zu einem Informationszeitpunkt noch gültigen Parkgebührenentrichtungen vor, die zum Zwecke statistischer Auswertungen an eine Auswertungseinrichtung 7 des Parkleitsystems übertragen werden.Here, the terminal 1 communicates with the billing center 2 in communication and transmits the data entered by the driver or user on the beginning and duration of parking time and identification data for the selected parking space and the parked vehicle. In the billing center 2, the parking fee due for this purpose is determined and transmitted to the terminal 1 and debited from a user account created for this purpose. The data of this process can be called up by control devices, by means of which on-site compliance with parking space regulations can be controlled. Thus, there are data in the billing center 2 about the parking fee payments still valid at an information time which are transmitted to an evaluation device 7 of the parking guidance system for the purpose of statistical evaluations.

In der Auswertungseinrichtung 7 werden diese Daten zunächst über die zugehörigen Positionsdaten der Endgeräte 1 demjenigen Parkareal zugeordnet, in dessen geografischen Gebiet die Position liegt. Aufgrund der bekannten Gesamtzahlen von Stellplätzen in den jeweiligen Parkarealen kann in der Auswertungseinrichtung 7 eine Stellplatzbelegung für ein Parkareal ermittelt werden, indem von der Gesamtzahl an mobil über Endgeräte 1 bezahlbaren Stellplätzen die Anzahl aktuell gültiger Bezahlvorgänge abgezogen wird. Gegebenenfalls wird die Stellplatzbelegung noch mit Faktoren korrigiert, die den Anteil an Stellplätzen berücksichtigt, für die an sich Parkgebühren über Endgeräte 1 entrichtet werden. Diese gegebenenfalls korrigierte Stellplatzbelegung wird von der Auswertungszentrale 7 an eine als mobiles Endgerät 8 ausgebildete Informationseinrichtung des Parkleitsystems übertragen.In the evaluation device 7, these data are first of all via the associated position data of the terminals 1 Park area in whose geographical area the position is located. Due to the known total numbers of parking spaces in the respective parking areas, a parking space occupancy for a parking area can be determined in the evaluation device 7 by deducting from the total number of mobile via terminals 1 affordable parking spaces, the number of currently valid payment transactions. If necessary, the parking space occupancy is corrected with factors that take into account the proportion of parking spaces for which parking fees are paid via terminals 1. This optionally corrected parking space occupancy is transmitted by the evaluation center 7 to an information device of the parking guidance system designed as a mobile terminal 8.

Das Endgerät 8 kann baugleich mit dem Endgerät 1 sein, wird aber im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel von einem Fahrer mitgeführt, der auf der Suche nach einem freien Stellplatz ist. Das Endgerät 8 weist eine Anzeigeeinheit zur Ausgabe einer von der Auswertungseinrichtung 7 ermittelten und übertragenen Stellplatzbelegung auf, beispielsweise die großflächige Bildschirmanzeige eines Smartphones. Der Nutzer kann im Dialog mit der Auswertungseinrichtung nacheinander oder in einer Übersicht die Stellplatzbelegungen unterschiedlicher Parkareale ausgeben lassen, um sich über das nächstliegende Parkareal mit einer hohen Verfügbarkeit an freien Stellplätzen zu informieren. Daraufhin kann er auf direktem Wege dieses Parkareal anfahren und trägt so nur wenig zum Parksuchverkehr bei.The terminal 8 may be identical to the terminal 1, but is carried in the illustrated embodiment by a driver who is looking for a free parking space. The terminal 8 has a display unit for outputting a parking space assignment determined and transmitted by the evaluation device 7, for example the large-screen display of a smartphone. In dialogue with the evaluation device, the user can have the parking space allocations of different parking areas displayed in succession or in an overview in order to obtain information on the closest parking area with a high availability of free parking spaces. Then he can drive directly to this parking area and contributes so little to the parking search traffic.

Um die Qualität der von der Auswertungseinrichtung 7 ermittelten Stellplatzbelegung zu verbessern, werden in die statistische Auswertung auch Daten einbezogen, die über durch Parkscheinautomaten 3 gebildete Bezahleinrichtung gewonnen werden. Parkscheinautomaten 3 sind bestimmten Stellplätzen zugeordnet und in deren Bereich zur Entrichtung einer Parkgebühr angeordnet. Mehreren Parkscheinautomaten 3 im Parkareal ist eine Parkscheinautomatenzentrale 4 zugeordnet, mit der diese in Kommunikationsverbindung stehen. Die Parkscheinautomaten 3 übertragen an die Parkscheinautomatenzentrale 4 Zeitpunkte und der Höhen der an ihnen entrichteten Parkgebühren. Die Parkscheinautomatenzentrale 4 steht wiederum mit der Auswertungszentrale 7 in Kommunikationsverbindung, in der dann die Stellplatzbelegung für das Parkareal zusätzlich anhand dieser Belegungsinformationen ermittelt werden können.In order to improve the quality of the parking space occupancy determined by the evaluation device 7, the statistical evaluation also includes data which is obtained via the payment device formed by parking ticket machines 3. Parking ticket machines 3 are assigned to specific parking spaces and arranged in their area to pay a parking fee. Several parking ticket machines 3 in the parking area is assigned a parking ticket machine center 4, with which they are in communication. The parking ticket machines 3 transmit to the parking ticket machine center 4 times and the heights of parking fees paid to them. The parking ticket machine control center 4 is in turn in communication with the evaluation center 7, in which then the parking space occupancy for the parking area can also be determined based on this occupancy information.

Darüber hinaus können in einem Parkareal Stellplätze durch Belegungssensoren 5 überwacht werden, die fortwährend erfassen, ob der Stellplatz aktuell frei oder belegt ist. Eine sensorbasierte stellplatzgenaue Belegungserfassung ist kostenaufwändig, aber dort, wo sie installiert ist, qualitativ hochwertig. Daher sieht das erfindungsgemäße Parkleitsystem vor, Sensorbelegungsdaten in die statistische Auswertung der Auswertungseinrichtung 7 mit einzubeziehen. Hierzu steht eine Sensorzentrale 6, in der die Belegungsdaten der Belegungssensoren zusammengeführt werden, in Kommunikationsverbindung mit der Auswertungseinrichtung 7. Die Auswertungseinrichtung 7 ist dazu eingerichtet, die Stellplatzbelegung für das Parkareal zusätzlich anhand der von den Belegungssensoren erfassten Belegungszustände zu ermitteln.In addition, in a parking area parking spaces can be monitored by occupancy sensors 5, which continuously detect whether the parking space is currently free or occupied. Sensor-based occupancy-based occupancy detection is costly, but has high quality where it's installed. Therefore, the parking guidance system according to the invention provides to include sensor occupancy data in the statistical evaluation of the evaluation device 7. For this purpose, a sensor center 6, in which the occupancy data of the occupancy sensors are brought together, communicates with the evaluation facility 7. The evaluation facility 7 is set up to additionally determine the parking space occupancy for the parking area on the basis of the occupancy statuses detected by the occupancy sensors.

Die erfindungsgemäß ermittelte Stallplatzbelegung eines Parkareals kann neben mobilen Endgeräten 8 auch klassisch über dynamische Hinweisschilder oder über das Internet als Informationseinrichtungen an Stellplatz suchende Fahrer ausgegeben werden.The inventively determined Stallplatz occupancy of a parking area can be issued in addition to mobile devices 8 also classically dynamic signs or on the Internet as information facilities on the parking space seeking driver.

Claims (4)

Parkleitsystem für ein Verkehrswegenetz mit mindestens einem Parkareal, in welchem Stellplätze für Fahrzeuge an öffentlichen Verkehrswegen angeordnet sind, mit Bezahleinrichtungen zur Entrichtung von Parkgebühren, mit einer Auswertungseinrichtung (7) zur Erfassung eines Belegungszustandes der Stellplätze und mit Informationseinrichtungen zur Ausgabe einer erfassten Stellplatzbelegung an einen Stellplatz suchende Fahrer, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Bezahleinrichtung durch ein vom Fahrer mitgeführtes Endgerät (1) gebildet ist, welches eine Ortungseinheit zur Bestimmung der aktuellen Position und eine Kommunikationseinheit zur drahtlosen Datenübertragung aufweist und dazu eingerichtet ist, in Kommunikation mit einer Abrechnungszentrale (2) eine Parkgebühr für einen Stellplatz zu entrichten, und dass die Auswertungseinrichtung (7) in Kommunikationsverbindung mit der Abrechnungszentrale (2) steht und dazu eingerichtet ist, anhand der Position des Endgerätes (1) und des Zeitpunktes und der Höhe der Parkgebührenentrichtung eine Stellplatzbelegung für das Parkareal zu ermitteln.Parking guidance system for a traffic route network with at least one parking area in which parking spaces for vehicles are arranged on public roads, with payment devices for the payment of parking fees, with an evaluation device (7) for detecting an occupancy state of the parking spaces and with information facilities for outputting a detected parking space occupancy to a parking space searching driver, characterized in that a payment device is formed by a driver carried by the terminal (1), which has a locating unit for determining the current position and a communication unit for wireless data transmission and is adapted to communicate with a billing center (2) Parking fee for a parking space to pay, and that the evaluation device (7) is in communication with the billing center (2) and is adapted to the position of the terminal (1) and the Zei tpunktes and the amount of Parkgebührenentrichtung a parking space occupancy for the parking area to determine. Parkleitsystem nach Anspruch 1, wobei eine Bezahleinrichtung durch im Bereich zugeordneter Stellplätze angeordnete Parkscheinautomaten (3) zur Entrichtung einer Parkgebühr gebildet und mit der Auswertungseinrichtung (7) in Kommunikationsverbindung steht, die dazu eingerichtet ist, die Stellplatzbelegung für das Parkareal zusätzlich anhand der Zeitpunkte und der Höhen der an den jeweiligen Parkscheinautomaten (3) entrichteten Parkgebühren zu ermitteln.Parking guidance system according to claim 1, wherein a payment device formed by in the range assigned parking spaces ticket machines (3) for payment of a parking fee and with the evaluation device (7) in communication connection, which is adapted to the parking space allocation for the parking area additionally based on the times and the Heights of parking fees paid at the respective parking ticket machines (3). Parkleitsystem nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei einem Teil der Stellplätze des Parkareals Belegungssensoren (5) zur Erfassung des Belegungszustandes eines Stellplatzes zugeordnet sind, die in Kommunikationsverbindung mit der Auswertungseinrichtung (7) stehen, wobei die Auswertungseinrichtung (7) dazu eingerichtet ist, die Stellplatzbelegung für das Parkareal zusätzlich anhand der von den Belegungssensoren erfassten Belegungszustände zu ermitteln.Parking guidance system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a part of the parking spaces of the parking area assignment sensors (5) are assigned for detecting the occupancy state of a parking space, which are in communication with the evaluation device (7), wherein the evaluation device (7) is adapted to the parking space occupancy for the parking area additionally determined on the basis of occupancy statuses recorded by the occupancy sensors. Parkleitsystem nach Anspruch 1, wobei eine Informationseinrichtung durch das Endgerät (8) gebildet ist, welches eine Anzeigeeinheit zur Ausgabe einer von der Auswertungseinrichtung (7) ermittelten und übertragenen Stellplatzbelegung für das Parkareal aufweist.Parking guidance system according to claim 1, wherein an information device by the terminal (8) is formed, which has a display unit for output from the evaluation device (7) determined and transmitted parking space allocation for the parking area.
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