EP2710203A1

EP2710203A1 - Floor or wall covering system with laying units which can be combined in a modular manner

Info

Publication number: EP2710203A1
Application number: EP12717694.9A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Wilfried Weitzer
Original assignee: Weitzer Holding GmbH
Current assignee: Weitzer Holding GmbH
Priority date: 2011-05-16
Filing date: 2012-04-26
Publication date: 2014-03-26
Anticipated expiration: 2032-04-26
Also published as: US9890540B2; EP2543792A3; EP2543792A2; EP2710203B1; CN103649440A; WO2012156192A1; US20140283468A1; DE202012013538U1; CN103649440B

Abstract

Surface laying unit (100) for laying with other surface laying units (100) on an underlying surface (300), wherein the surface laying unit (100) has a useful layer (102) and a connecting structure (104) which is provided directly on an underside of the useful layer (102) and which is designed for connecting to the underlying surface (300).

Description

Floor or wall covering system with modular combinable

laying units

This application claims the priority of the European Union

Patent Application EP 11166261.5, filed on 16 May 2011, European Patent Application EP 11167166.5, filed on 23 May 2011, and European Patent Application EP 11170412.8,

submitted on June 17, 2011.

The invention relates to a surface laying unit for laying with other surface laying units on a substrate. The

The invention further relates to an underground laying unit for laying on a substrate with other underground laying units and as a base for surface laying units. The invention further relates to an arrangement for forming a parquet floor on a

Underground. The invention also relates to methods for laying coverings. Furthermore, the invention relates to a use. Parquet is a wooden floor covering for rooms in closed

Buildings. The wood, usually hardwood from deciduous trees, is sawn into small pieces and put together according to specific patterns. To distinguish from the parquet is a laminate flooring. Laminate coverings are made of wood pulp as a carrier and are coated with melamine resin; the visible wooden surface consists of one here

Laminated paper layer with wood pattern (with melamine resin impregnated decorative layer).

Parquet and other conventional wood panels as floor or

Wall coverings are relatively expensive to install. Also the

Renovation or the replacement of such floor or wall coverings requires a lot of time and money. WO 2005/49935 discloses a panel for a plurality of

Panels having flooring, in particular floor or wall covering, for installation on an on-site substrate with a panel element and one applied to the back of the panel element

Underclass. In order to be able to lay the panel in a simple manner and at the same time to achieve good acoustics and sound transmission properties, it is provided that the lower layer is designed for connection to the substrate. However, the replacement of a panel according to WO 2005/049935 still requires quite a lot of effort, since in case of damage panels must be completely replaced, although parts of it may still be intact. This is also from the point of view of

Resource conservation and environmental protection disadvantageous.

It is an object of the present invention, resource-friendly, environmentally friendly, flexible and with little effort to allow installation of floor or wall coverings. This object is solved by the objects with the features according to the independent claims.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a surface laying unit (in particular a parquet laying panel) is provided for laying with other surface laying units on a substrate, wherein the surface laying unit is a wear layer

(in particular designed as a rigid plate), in particular of wood (further in particular a solid wood board, in particular a

rectangular solid wood board), and one directly at an underside of the wear layer (or on an underside surface of the wear layer) having attached connecting structure, which is adapted for connection to the ground.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, an underground laying unit (especially a floor laying panel) for laying on a ground with others

Underground laying units and as a support for

Surface laying units provided, wherein the

Underground laying unit a stability layer (in particular a

Wooden board, more particularly a rectangular wooden board) for

Stabilizing an attachable above the stability layer

Surface laying unit (that is, the surface laying unit is disposed on a surface of the stability layer facing away from the ground) and one of an upper surface of the underground laying unit (or a surface facing away from the ground

Underground laying unit) has attached connecting structure, which is adapted for connection to the surface laying unit, wherein a top side opposite the underside of the

Subsurface laying unit (or an underground surface of the underground laying unit) for connection to the ground

is set up.

According to yet another exemplary embodiment of the invention, an arrangement for forming a covering, in particular a parquet floor or a wall covering, is provided on a substrate, wherein the arrangement comprises a plurality of

Underground laying units working together to cover the

Subsoil can be laid on the ground and connectable to the ground, a plurality of surface laying units, which provided separately from the underground laying units and the Covering the laid underground laying units are set up, and a connection structure (which may be part of a subgrade laying unit and / or part of a surface laying unit) at an interface between the underground laying units and the

Surface laying units, wherein the connecting structure for releasably connecting the surface laying units with the

Underground laying units is set up.

According to a further embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for laying coverings such as parquet, wherein in the method a plurality of surface laying units are laid on a substrate, each of the

Surface laying units having a wear layer of wood and a directly attached to a bottom of the wear layer connecting structure for connection to the ground, the plurality of

Surface laying units with the substrate by means of

Connection structure can be connected, and at least a part of the laid surface laying units are detached from the ground by removing the respective wear layer together with the attached connection structure.

According to a further embodiment of the present invention, a method for laying coverings such as parquet is provided, wherein in the method a substrate having a plurality of

Underground laying units by joining a base of the

Underground laying units is covered with the substrate, and laid underground laying units with a plurality of

Surface laying units by releasably connecting an upper surface of the underground laying units to a lower surface of the underground laying units

Surface laying units covered by a connection structure wherein the connection structure is arranged for detachably connecting the surface laying units to the underground laying units. According to a further embodiment of the present invention, a wear layer of wood with an attached thereto

Connecting structure as a surface laying unit for releasable

Attachment to a substrate and the subsequent (in particular tool-free) detachment from the substrate, in particular for

Renovation or renovation of a parquet floor, used.

In the context of this description can under a

"Surface laying unit" in particular a parquet module are understood, the wear layer in the laid on or above a substrate state to the outside (possibly still covered with an optional protective coating) exposed or visible

Laying of the surface laying unit can be done, for example, by means of a connecting structure on the underside of the surface laying unit and / or by means of a connecting structure on the upper side of the underground laying unit connected to the surface laying unit. It is also possible, as an alternative, to connect the surface laying unit directly to a substrate, in particular to a building foundation, for example directly (ie without further

Components in between) can be laid on the underground laying unit. The term surface laying unit is to be understood to be laid on any flat surface, for example a horizontal surface (in particular a floor or ceiling surface), an inclined surface (in particular a ramp) or a vertical surface (in particular a wall surface) can. In the context of this description can under a

Underground laying unit "in particular a parquet module to be understood that with a substrate, in particular with a

Building background, can be directly connected, for example, directly (ie without other components in between) can be laid on the ground. This laying can be done, for example, by means of a connecting structure at the bottom of the

Underground laying unit and / or by means of a connection structure at the top of the substrate done. Also a floating one

Laying the underground laying unit on the ground is possible.

In the context of this description, a "subsoil" can be understood in particular as meaning any flat or essentially flat surface that can be covered by a wooden surface It is also possible, however, to use a staircase or staircase (in particular horizontal and / or vertical surfaces of steps) as the base, on which then according to the invention

Surface laying units and / or underground laying units can be laid with any embodiments described in the context of this application. The underground for one

Surface laying unit can also be a subgrade laying unit, if between an on-site substrate and a

Surface laying unit optional, but advantageous one

Underground laying unit to be interposed.

In the context of this description, a "wear layer" may be, in particular, a near-surface layer or a surface layer or a board are understood on the or the actual mechanical and / or chemical stress on the laid floor or wall covering vonstatten. In parquet this is the layer that a user uses as a floor to walk on.

In the context of this description, a "stability layer" can be understood to mean, in particular, a surface-distant layer or a board which serves the stability of the installed floor or wall covering as a whole to be able to do that

Stability layer preferably thicker, more preferably at least 3 mm thicker than the wear layer be formed. The skilled person will understand that completely different dimensions or dimensions are possible.

In the context of this description, a "connection structure" can be understood to mean, in particular, any physical structure that is specially adapted to a connection specifically with the

to enter the intended adjacent element, i. a

Fixing force to exercise this. A connection structure may be formed as a layer or as one or more specially applied elements.

In the context of this description, a "board-like rigid layer" can be understood as meaning a layer which has the mechanical properties of a board, for example, such a layer can not be wound up on a roll.

In the context of this description, under a "top" of a layer or of an element, in particular such a main surface of these Layer or element to be understood, the

intended installation of this layer or element facing away from the ground. Correspondingly, an "underside" of a layer or of an element can be understood in particular to be such a main surface of this layer or of this element, which faces the substrate when the layer or element is laid as intended.

In the context of this description, a "releasably connecting" two elements by means of a connection structure can be understood to mean that, after forming such a connection, it can be reversibly and non-destructively released by applying a detaching force

Connection structure are reused after release, in particular at least ten or at least a hundred times

be reused without the connection function suffering or being affected. The release of such a connection can be performed without the use of a tool by a user. For such release, the application may continue to have a release force of less than 200N, more preferably less than 100N

in particular be less than 50 N sufficient. To one

To avoid unwanted loosening of the laid covering, the release force should be at least 10 N, in particular more than 20 N, more particularly more than 30 N. However, the forces can also have other sizes.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, it is possible not to remove an entire, attached to a substrate and laid floor or wall covering, if it is to be replaced, but it may be sufficient, only an upper part of Floor or wall coverings from a lower part of the floor or wall

To solve wall coverings. In other words, for example, a worn wear layer can be replaced by insulating it, i. only together with an attached connection structure, is replaced by a base. This pad may have a remaining portion of the floor or wall covering, in particular comprising a stability and / or a Gegenzugsfurnierschicht. Alternatively, the pad may also be an on-site substrate, such as a screed or concrete floor or a wooden floor or a plastic floor. In both cases it is sufficient to have a relatively thin topside

Wear layer together with an attached

Remove connection structure and replace it with a new wear layer with connection structure. Because the connection structure

can be provided detachable from the pad detachable, the cost of replacing the wear layer is very low, as well as without the use of tools or the costly removal of

Adhesive layers of the pad, the wear layer can be easily replaced. Not only with wear of the wear layer or other surface damage of the wear layer, this can be replaced, but it is also possible to parquet without significant time and

To replace work alone by the fact that the visible to the outside and the surface stress relevant wear layer together with a connecting structure arranged thereon

is replaced.

This allows a resource-saving installation of parquet and other floor or wall coverings, as always only the actually worn wear layer including connection structure must be replaced and not the entire parquet. This is also a preferred from the point of view of sustainability and environmental protection Solution also offers a user a high degree of flexibility, namely by simply an upper portion of the layer sequence can be removed. However, it is also possible to have an optional under the

Surface laying unit lying underground installation unit easily and in isolation, if this is designed to be detachably connectable to an on-site substrate, also using one or more connection structures that can be arranged between the substrate and the underground laying unit.

Overall, a modular system is created, with the parquet not only laid quickly, but can be renewed, renovated or renovated with little effort, without - as with conventional solutions - large amounts of actually still functional

Underground wood with need to be replaced.

In other words, according to one embodiment of the

Invention be divided into a surface laying unit and a separate or reversibly separable underground laying unit a conventional one-piece and inseparable trained parquet element. According to the sub-functions of an upper layer of wood and a lower layer of wood in a conventional parquet element can then according to the invention a surface laying unit (with a

Wear layer, which is exposed to the direct stress and use as a stepping pad) and a separable and

reconnect subsurface laying unit (stability and

Subfloor bonding layer, which is placed floating on the ground or firmly connected to it) can also be structurally separated. Surface laying unit and underground laying unit are thus individually interchangeable, but also securely connectable by means of at least one interposed connection structure. As a result, the amount of material to be replaced as needed, if only one of the sub-functions fails, reduced because the component that takes over the other and still intact partial function, does not have to be replaced. Furthermore, the laying and

Renovation cost of appropriately laid parquet significantly reduced, since the connection structure can be formed, a simple simple manual removal and replacement of individual

To ensure surface laying units and / or underground laying units, without the need for a costly relocation of the entire parquet layering.

In the following, additional exemplary embodiments of the surface laying unit will be described. These also apply to the

Underground laying unit, the arrangement, the procedures and the

Use .

Embodiments of the invention are not limited to wood but apply to all materials and linings, e.g. tiles,

Laminate, pvc flooring, carpets, etc.

Both the surface laying units and the

Underground laying units can be produced in virtually any formats. This includes in particular any quadrangular

Configuration, more particularly rectangular arrangements. But other forms, such. As polygons are possible.

According to one embodiment, the connection structure can be detachable, in particular releasable and / or with manual muscle power tool-free detachable, be connected to the substrate. As a result, it is possible, without providing a separate tool or without destroying treatment, to allow the wear layer (eg together with a part of the connection structure or together with the entire body)

Connection structure) and, if necessary, to replace it with another one.

According to exemplary embodiments, it is also possible that a special equipment for assembly or disassembly is used (eg, heat, radiation, mechanical assistance).

According to an exemplary embodiment, the connection structure may be designed for adhesive-free connection to the substrate. Thus, no elaborate adhesive bond must be created between the Nutzstruktur and the pad, but it is also possible that the connection structure exerts a different type of connection force that allows the reversible removal without tools (or with very simple tools) and without destroying the connection structure. The applied force can be an electrical, magnetic or

mechanical connection, which, however, meets the criterion of

Reversibility should be able to be overcome, that is, overcome by a user simply removing the surface laying unit from the surface. According to one embodiment, the connection structure may be a connection layer, the entire surface of the entire bottom of the u. Surface laying unit is attached and thus covers the entire bottom. Thus, the connection structure may be mat-like mounted as a full-surface layer, which is a particularly good

Connection effect and in addition a continuous sealing or Insulation against the ground is reached. In this

Embodiment, the connection structure also serve to protect the wear layer against influences from below. Alternatively, the connection structure may be a connection layer, which is only partially attached to a part of the underside. Therefore, only a partial area of the bottom can save material with the

Connection layer be occupied. The bonding layer may, for example, have a thickness between 10 μm and 3 mm, in particular between 100 μm and 1 mm. Again, it should be noted that completely different dimensions are possible.

According to one embodiment, the connection structure may be formed as a structured connection layer which covers only a part of the underside of the wear layer. According to this embodiment, an originally full-surface connecting layer with a

Recess or a plurality of recesses are provided. Thereby, the connection force can be adjusted specifically and thus a coating can be formed, which allows a user tool-free and only by the application of muscle power, the

Remove the surface laying unit again. By such

Structuring it is also possible to create a targeted thermal bridge, for example, if in the ground a floor heating is attached, which is to have a thermal effect through a floor covering.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the connection structure may comprise a plurality of mutually separate connection elements (for example individual permanent magnets or individual suction cups). be formed, which are attached to the underside of the wear layer. According to this embodiment, for example, individual

Connecting elements are placed at specific locations on the wear layer, for example in corners or at certain distances from each other. As a result, on the one hand the adjustment of the size of a connection force is possible, on the other hand, the connection structure can be very material-saving and lightweight attached to the wear layer. According to an exemplary embodiment, the connection structure may be made of a magnetic mat, a plurality of magnetic elements (for example individual permanent magnets), a Velcro mat (which has a component of a hook-and-loop fastener), a detachable one

Adhesive layer (for example double-sided adhesive tape), one

electrostatically charged mat (the charge carriers may be enclosed within such a mat), a slip mat (for example made of a rubber material with high static friction), a spray or coating layer and / or an arrangement of suction cups. Thus, magnetic, mechanical, electrical forces, or a combination thereof, can be used to provide the detachable or reversible connection characteristic

Surface laying unit and substrate to realize. The

Joining structure can be permanently affixed to the wood layer, in particular sprayed on as a dry spray fluid, applied as a dry coatable paint, or laminated, welded or glued thereto as a flexible or rigid solid. For example, a magnetic layer on the wear layer as a liquid

Suspension of magnetic particles (for example, colloids or

Magnetic chips) and a solvent, etc. are applied. After drying the suspension then remains a thin and inexpensive manufacturable magnetic layer on the wear layer. The connection structure may also include a hot melt adhesive. A hot melt adhesive is applied in molten form and then adheres to the respective surface when cooled again to a temperature below the melting point. Also, a nanomat can as

Connection structure can be used, i. a mat with a

Arrangement of nanostructures for effecting the connection.

According to one embodiment, the entire

Surface laying unit, in particular the wearing layer, has a thickness in a range between approximately 0.5 mm and approximately 8 mm,

in particular between about 1 mm and about 6 mm, more particularly between about 1.5 mm and about 4 mm. Thus, when wear of the wear layer these alone, that is, without underneath optionally arranged underground laying unit, be replaced, which allows a material and resource-saving operation. Advantageously, the thickness of the wear layer can be selected such that at least one time grinding of a surface of the

Wear layer before replacing the surface laying unit is made possible.

According to a preferred embodiment, in the

Oberflächenverlegeeinheit a side surface of the wear layer wholly or partially with the connection structure (for example with a

Magnetic layer) be provided so that in the laid state laterally adjacent surface laying units by means of

Connection structure are interconnected. In particular, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention thus also the circumferential side surface of the surface laying units and / or the Underground laying units in whole or in part with one

Connection structure are provided with the features described above. For example, a connection mat or

Connecting layer on a respective main surface (top or

Bottom surface) of the surface laying units and / or the

Underground laying units also formed on the side surfaces (for example, everted), whereby the connection structure can simultaneously develop a lateral attachment effect.

Connection structures on the main surface and side surface may be formed integrally or separately. According to one

Embodiment, in the underground laying unit in

a side surface of the stability layer may be provided in whole or in part with the connection structure, so that in

laid state laterally adjacent

Underground laying units are connected to each other by means of the connecting structure.

According to one exemplary embodiment, an upper side of the wear layer, which lies opposite an underside of the wear layer on which the connection structure is arranged, may be provided with a protective coating. Such a protective coating (for example, parquet lacquer, floor oil or wax) can protect the wear layer against kicks by a user or other environmental influences of a chemical and / or mechanical nature.

According to one embodiment, a main surface of the

Surface laying unit have an area in a range between about 0.001 m ² and about 0.5 m ² , in particular in a range between about 0.01 m ² and about 0.1 m ² . To the

For example, a single rod can measure surface dimensions of approximately 490mm x 70mm exhibit. Thus, the surface laying units can be dimensioned so that a parquet of a conventional outward appearance can be laid. However, the installation and replacement of such a parquet compared to conventional systems is much easier. With regard to certain materials or particular optics embodiments of the invention are not limited.

According to one embodiment, the surface laying unit can be made exclusively of the wear layer (possibly even with a thin layer)

Protective coating provided, for example, with a thickness between 1 m and 100 pm, but may also be stronger) and the

Connection structure exist. In other words, according to one embodiment, the surface laying unit has no other components other than the wear layer and the connection structure. Optionally, a protective lacquer can also be provided on the upper side of the wear layer in order to protect the wear layer from environmental influences. As a result, a particularly easy to produce, lightweight and cost-effective surface laying unit is created, which alone or in combination with underground laying units can replace conventional parquet, but is much easier to install and replace.

According to one embodiment, the wear layer may be made of solid wood. Thus, according to this embodiment, the

Wear layer only made of wood as a component. It can be made of solid wood, for example.

According to one embodiment, the surface laying unit may have a further (second) wear layer, which of the wear layer (which is also referred to as the first wear layer) through the

Connection structure is arranged separately opposite, so that the surface laying unit is designed as a turning surface (see FIG. 11). The further wear layer can have any of the embodiments described in this application, such as the wear layer. In this embodiment, the connection structure can clearly work through the two wear layers of a surface of the surface laying unit, which can be achieved, for example, with a magnetic mat or with a connection layer which exerts an electrical force. It may be due to the indirect force of the

Connection structure through the respective wear layer be advantageous, the two wear layers sufficiently thin (for example, between 1.5 mm and 4 mm thick, for example, if the wear layers are made of wood) to design. The two wear layers can be designed so that the surface laying unit is first laid so that the first wear layer on a parquet surface and the second wear layer the ground (a corresponding

Underground laying unit or an on-site background) is arranged assigning. The connection structure inside the

Surface laying unit then causes in cooperation with another connection layer (for example, a further magnetic layer or metal layer) on the substrate (underground laying unit or on-site background) a firm connection of the laid covering. The

Surface laying unit can also be removed from the ground and turned, so now the functions of the two

Wear layers are inverted. Such an arrangement is particularly resource-friendly.

According to one embodiment, in the

Surface laying unit, the wear layer having a hard facing layer and a directly on a main surface, in particular directly on a bottom, the hard facing layer mounted silencing structure, the is adapted to attenuate sound when the hardfacing layer is loaded with a sound-generating load. The hard covering layer may be formed as a surface layer. In the context of this description, under a "hard covering layer", in particular a near-surface layer, a surface-facing layer or a

Surface layer to be understood on or near the actual mechanical and / or chemical stress on the laid floor or wall covering vonstatten. In parquet this is the layer that a user uses as a floor to walk on. The hard covering layer can be embodied as a rigid layer, in particular as a board or as a board-like structure. The hard covering layer can

be configured to be visually perceived by a user when the user moved to the intended

Surface laying unit looks. In the context of this application, a "sound damping structure" is understood to mean, in particular, a physical body, for example in the form of a (continuous or sectionally interrupted) sound damping layer, which is attached directly to the hard covering layer and attenuates sound waves generated thereby upon the action of a mechanical load on the hard covering layer. Such a silencing structure may consist of a continuous soft-elastic layer secured to a lower surface of the hard facing layer, or may be formed of discrete, contiguous or non-contiguous physical structures only partially covering a lower surface of the hard facing layer

described embodiment of the invention is based on the finding that with a near-surface arranged Schalldämpfstruktur a subterranean surface impact sound or other sound phenomena can be suppressed, which consists of a mechanical

Stress of a hard covering layer directly above the Scarf Idämpfstruktur result. While it is conventionally known at the bottom of a parquet, that is an arrangement of the

By way of example, a total of 20 mm to 35 mm thick layers to attach a damping structure, the invention is based on the finding that the direct attachment of the silencer structure at the bottom of a due to its small thickness also flexible

Hard covering layer the measurable sound development is significantly reduced. Experimental findings of the Applicant have yielded these results. According to one embodiment, the surface laying unit may have a stabilizing structure for stabilizing the wear layer, in particular for receiving from the side of a layer of wood

Wear layer applied forces. The stabilization substructure can be used in particular for receiving from the hard covering layer

be exercised exercised forces. Experiments by the Applicant have shown that when providing an additional stabilizing partial structure on the hard covering layer forces of the working wood of the

Hard lining layer can be added or suppressed, whereby the stability and the life of the surface laying unit as a whole can be significantly increased.

According to one embodiment, the stabilization structure can directly adjoin the wood layer. In this case, their stabilizing effect is particularly pronounced.

The stabilizing structure can be used, for example, as a fiber layer,

in particular as a fiber mat, be formed. Preferred are

Glass fiber mats or carbon fiber mats. In the following, additional exemplary embodiments of the underground laying unit will be described. These also apply to the

Surface laying unit, the arrangement, the procedures and the

Use .

According to an embodiment, a first side surface of the stability layer may include a first engagement element (eg, a groove) and a second side surface of the stability layer one to the first

Engagement element complementary second engagement element (for example, a spring), wherein the first engagement element with a corresponding second engagement element and the second

Engagement element with a corresponding first engagement element of corresponding underground laying units are connectable. In particular, a first side surface of the stability layer may have a groove and a second side surface of the stability layer comprise a spring, the groove having a corresponding spring and the spring having a corresponding groove of corresponding one

Underground laying units are connectable. As an alternative to a tongue and groove connection or to a bung any other form-fitting, frictional or non-positive connection between adjacent side surfaces or edges of the underground laying units is possible. On adjoining side surfaces of a

Underground laying unit, these can be brought together, for example by a simple click connection with each other. This is even with relatively small connection forces through the

Connection structure or connection structures allows safe installation of the parquet.

Alternatively, it is also possible, the entire circumferential side surface of the surface laying units and / or the To provide underground laying units with a groove and a spring as a separate component in the double grooves between adjacent

Laying units for forming a lateral connection

insert.

According to one embodiment, the underground laying unit may further have another (i.e., second) connection structure on a surface of the underground laying unit facing the ground, which is designed to connect, in particular to detachably, to the ground. According to this embodiment, the underground laying unit may each have a connecting layer at both of its upper and lower main surfaces. Thus, the underground laying unit can be reversibly detachably attached to a substrate, in particular an on-site substrate (such as a stone, concrete or screed or wooden floor) on its underside and can on the opposite surface with a

Surface laying unit can be coupled according to the features described above. As a result, the upper bonding layer of the underground laying unit can be attached to the lower joining layer of FIG

Surface laying unit adapted. But it is also possible that a connection layer (for example, from Saugnäpfen or a hot melt adhesive) is provided only to underground laying unit or only on an opposite surface laying unit, which then allows a connection between these two units. According to this embodiment can be described in the above

Surface laying unit even the connection structure can be omitted. Alternatively, at the underground laying unit, the upper connecting structure may be omitted. According to this

Embodiment can thus the connecting layers of

Surface laying unit and underground laying unit be formed correspondingly. For example, they may be formed as corresponding Velcro surfaces. For example, a male type Velcro bonding layer and the other Velcro bonding layer may be of the female type. Alternatively, the two interconnecting layers may be attracting magnetic layers.

According to one embodiment, the other connection layer may be designed according to the connection layer with the features described above. The connection structure of

Underground laying unit may have those features which have been described above with reference to the surface laying unit. To avoid repetition, reference is thus made to the above description. According to one embodiment, the stability layer may be formed of a wood material, in particular of solid wood. Such a stability layer of solid wood can thus support the entire parquet, formed from the wear layer, the stability layer and optionally a counter-ply veneer layer arranged below the stability layer.

According to one embodiment, the connection structure may be attached directly to the stability layer. In other words, the arrangement between connection structure and stability layer can be free of further intermediate layers, which allows an approximately immediate connection of the stability layer, for example, to a wear layer of a surface laying unit.

According to one embodiment, the underground laying unit may further comprise a Gegenzugfurnierschicht (may also be another material (paper, etc.)), wherein the stability layer between the Connection structure and the Gegenzugfurnierschicht is arranged. Such Gegenzugsfurnierschicht can be used for acoustic or

Trittschalldämpfungszwecken be provided and thus can

together with the stability layer and the wear layer of

corresponding surface laying unit form a conventional three-layer parquet, wherein the arrangement according to the invention has the advantage that when worn or abraded wear layer only this must be replaced.

According to one embodiment, the Gegenzugnurnierschicht may be formed of a different wood material or a different solid wood than the stabilizing layer. Thus, the counterfoam veneer layer can be optimized with respect to the acoustic damping properties, whereas the stabilizing layer can be optimized for stabilization purposes.

According to one embodiment, a bottom of the

Underground laying unit having one or more recesses, in particular formed as channels, more particularly as

Cable channels. In this way, not only the acoustic attenuation of the laid parquet can be improved, but it can also be used the recesses to lay below the parquet electrical, optoelectronic, fluidic or other lines, whereby the functionality of the parquet is further improved , Instead of cable channels, the recesses can also be used as air ducts, etc.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the underground laying unit may have a total thickness of between approximately 5 mm and approximately 30 mm, in particular between approximately 8 mm and approximately 20 mm, more particularly between approximately 10 mm and approximately 15 mm, be educated. At these thicknesses a stable as well as sound-damping arrangement is possible. It will further be appreciated that the components of the subgrade laying unit, which are usually still in good condition, when a wearing course must already be replaced, can be left unaltered without losing the corresponding material. Only the wear layer or the

Surface laying unit is to be replaced in such an embodiment. In the following, additional exemplary embodiments of the arrangement will be described. These also apply to the

Underground laying unit, surface laying unit, procedures and use. According to one embodiment, the

Surface laying units may be formed with the features described above. In other words, for such an arrangement, any surface laying unit having one or more of the features described above may be used.

According to one embodiment, the

Subsurface laying units may be formed with the features described above. In other words, for such an arrangement any underground laying unit may be used according to one or more of the above mentioned features.

According to one embodiment, a bottom of the

Surface laying units with a first connecting structure and an upper side of the underground laying units with a second

Be provided connecting structure, wherein the first Connecting structures and the second connection structures in the installed state to cooperate to form a detachable connection between the surface laying units and the underground laying units. In such an embodiment, a particularly stable fastening action between the surface laying unit and the underlying underground laying unit is possible because

interacting corresponding connection structures (for

Example, exert a magnetic attraction to each other) to create a solid, yet releasable connection here.

According to one embodiment, the

Surface laying units and the underground laying units are dimensioned and shaped so that in the installed state boundaries between adjacent laid underground laying units and boundaries between adjacent laid surface laying units

offset from each other laterally (in one or preferably two dimensions), in particular arranged bumpless, are. It has been found that when providing a lateral offset between

Underground laying units and surface laying units a particularly stable configuration is achieved. In other words, side edges of adjoining surface laying units may be opposite side edges of adjacent ones

Underground laying units are offset laterally, so that they are not laid joint to shock. This can - due to the mechanical stress characteristics of wood - the stability of the entire

Arrangement can be significantly improved. It has been found that this measure, especially when using a Velcro connection between underground laying units and surface laying units leads to an improved attachment. According to an exemplary embodiment, a spacer structure may be provided on a lower-side layer of the underground laying units, wherein a space can be formed between the lower-side layer and the substrate by means of the spacer structure, and thus the underside layer can be kept spaced from the underground in the installed state of the underground laying units. Thus, a double floor construction can be made possible, so that installations of all kinds can be installed in the cavity. The spacer structure may, for example, be in the form of lower-side supports which may be mounted on the lowest boundary layer of the underground laying unit.

In the following, additional exemplary embodiments of the method will be described. These also apply to the

Underground laying unit, surface laying unit, arrangement and use.

According to one embodiment, after loosening, at least one new surface laying unit may be laid in place of at least one detached surface laying unit, each new one

Surface laying unit has a wear layer of wood and a directly attached to a bottom of the wear layer connecting structure for connection to the ground. In this way, it is possible to replace individual, worn or destroyed surface laying units with individual corresponding new surface laying units, without detaching the other surface laying units and, above all, without detaching or replacing the underground laying units that may still be operative underneath. Thus, a renovation or renovation of individual surface laying units is possible with minimal effort. The release can for Example by simply removing individual surface laying units without the use of tools or without destroying one

Connection layer can be achieved. Alternatively, it is also possible special tools for mounting or dismounting the floor or

Provide wall coverings.

According to one embodiment, individual

Underground laying units are replaced. For this purpose, one or more surface laying units, which are the

Cover underground installation unit to be replaced, of which

Remove parquet composite and remove. Then the exposed underground laying unit can be removed from the ground. The connecting structures of surface laying units and / or underground laying unit and / or underground remain intact connected to the respective component. Now the new underground laying unit can be placed on the ground. Below you can find the previously released ones

Surface laying units are placed on the new underground laying unit. This embodiment also makes of

modular character of the system use.

According to one embodiment, the release by a user manually, in particular tool-free, performed. As a result, the effort to remove surface laying units and / or underground laying units is conceivably small.

According to one embodiment, the wear layer with attached connection structure (ie, the surface laying unit) may be used as a one-way parquet. Accordingly, for example, after wear of the wear layer or after their damage, without Sanding or other renovation measures the

Surface laying unit by another one

Surface laying unit to be replaced. Alternatively, it is also possible to recycle the parquet after wear. For example, the parquet can be sanded, sealed and reused. According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention thus releasable and reconnectable connections are created. The detachable and reconnectable element may be a

Two-layer, three-layer or solid parquet (when connected to the underground as a counterpart of the connection) act. Alternatively or additionally, the releasable and reconnectable element may be a solid wood top layer (both inside the product and / or to the ground) having a thickness of

For example, act from 1.5 mm to 4 mm.

The said two-layer, three-layer or solid parquet elements as well as solid cover layers can be formed from hardwood, softwood or modified wood (thermo-treated, coated, impregnated, smoked, etc.). Other materials suitable for the releasable element (surface laying unit,

Underground laying unit) can be used are plastic, metal, velor, etc.

The connection of such an element can be on different

Substrates and different designs done.

According to one embodiment, a surface connection (full surface, stripes, etc.) on the ground (wall, ceiling, floor, etc.) take place. So is a two-layer, three-layer or

Solid wood parquet laying unit on underground (for example screed, Wooden floor, tiles, laminate, PVC flooring, carpets, etc.) possible. The connection is made over the entire surface or streaky on the counterpart of the invention.

Alternatively, it is also possible, a top layer of solid wood on factory-made substructure (made of wood material or

Wood composite or solid wood) with a width and side connection (for example, groove, spring or click) equip. Said substructure (that is, the counterpart of the compound) can be floating, glued over the entire surface or glued strip glued. On this, the topcoat is applied.

According to yet another embodiment of the invention, a top layer of solid wood may be applied to a substrate (for example screed, wooden floor, tiles, laminate, PVC covering, carpet, etc.). The supplied connection component can be applied to the substrate (screed, wooden floor, tiles, laminate, PVC flooring, carpet, etc.) floating or over the entire surface.

There is a width and side connection between top layer too

Cover possible. Such compounds can be found both in the

Version on factory-made substructure as well as on the

Compound the topcoat on the substrate accordingly

be formed.

There are different possibilities for the connection structures

can be realized, including Velcro, magnetic closure, adhesive tape, removable adhesives (reversible adhesion), etc. Thus, for laying the underground installation units used and / or

Surface laying units are easy to place or put on. For removal, these can be easily removed. The

Wear layer can act as a cover layer and for example once be sanded off. This can also be achieved, for example, by pulses (current,

Heat, bimetal effect or other).

Instead of the separate provision of a stability layer

(Solid wood layer) and a Gegenzugsfurniere (thin wood layer), these can also be formed in one piece. The wear layer thickness can be reduced to one usage cycle so that, for example, it becomes possible for a user to have a new parquet every five years without the need for a very large installation effort.

European wood species used to surface laying units or

Underground laying units are oak, beech, maple, birch, walnut, cherry, ash, olive, acacia, elm, apple tree, pear tree and sweet chestnut. Non-European wood species, for example, to surface laying units or

Underground laying units can be processed are Merbau, Wenge, Teak or Mahogany.

As solid wood, from the surface laying units and / or

Subsoil laying units can be formed completely or partially, wood products can be referred to, the cross sections of a tree trunk worked out and optionally machined (drilling, milling, planing, etc.) were processed. The structure of the wood is, unlike with glulam and wood materials, not mechanically or mechanically-chemically altered. A compound of different materials is possible according to the invention.

For multilayer underground laying units, wood-based materials are also used as the carrier. Wood materials can be materials obtained by crushing wood and then joining the wood Structure elements are generated. The size and shape of the wood particles determine the nature of the wood material and its properties. The wood particles may be bonded together with or without binders or mechanical bonds.

Parquet consisting of surface laying units and / or

Underground laying units can, for example, as

Solid parquet or multi-layer parquet be formed. Solid parquet can be constructed in particular of solid wood pieces, the

According to the invention can be provided with connection structures. Solid parquet can be laid raw and then with a

Parquet sanding be abraded. Subsequently, a surface treatment with parquet lacquer, floor oil or wax can be done. Multilayered parquet can be two-layer parquet or

Be three-layered parquet. The visible surface layer of the respective stamping wood species can be, for example, 0.5-2 mm to 4 mm thick and glued to one or more support layers of cheaper softwood or to a wooden-based support plate. The releasably connectable floor covering, d .h. the surface laying unit, can be used for releasable attachment to the ground in the patio area. Thus, even on a terrace, where a surface laying unit is exposed to particularly strong wear due to the weather, only the thin surface laying unit can be replaced without a complete relocation of the entire decking is necessary.

In the following, exemplary embodiments of the

Present invention described in detail with reference to the following figures. Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a surface laying unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. FIG. 2 shows a cross section of an underground laying unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. FIG.

FIG. 3 shows parquet laid according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, in which surface laying units according to FIG. 1 and underground laying units according to FIG. 2 on one

Underground have been moved.

Fig. 4 shows another arrangement of laid parquet according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, in which

Surface laying units according to an exemplary

Embodiment of the invention using two

Connecting layers have been attached to a substrate.

Fig. 5 shows another arrangement of the invention

Surface laying units and inventive

Underground laying units that have been laid on a substrate.

Fig. 6 shows a bottom plan view of a surface laying unit according to an exemplary embodiment with separate ones

Interconnect structures.

7 shows a bottom plan view of a surface laying unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention with a structured bonding layer. 8 to FIG. 10 show cross-sectional views of parquet modules according to exemplary embodiments of the invention. Fig. 11 shows a cross-sectional view of a surface laying unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, which is designed as a turning parquet.

Fig. 12 shows a cross-sectional view of a surface laying unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, which is on horizontal surfaces of a staircase.

Fig. 13 shows another arrangement of a surface laying unit according to the invention and a device according to the invention

Underground laying unit, which are formed together as a double floor laying unit.

Fig. 14 shows another arrangement of the invention

Double floor laying units according to FIG. 13th

15 shows a cross-sectional view of a surface laying unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention with a near-surface acoustic damping layer. 16 shows another surface laying unit according to the invention, in which a sound-damping layer is formed from a stabilizing sub-layer and a damping sub-layer. 17 shows a further surface laying unit according to the invention, in which a glass fiber mat is arranged as a stabilizing layer between a hard covering layer and a connecting layer. The same or similar components in different figures are provided with the same reference numerals.

According to exemplary embodiments of the invention are in particular a surface laying unit (removable cover layer) with releasable connection to the ground and a

Underground laying unit (parquet element) provided with detachable connection to the cover layer.

Although in the following special embodiments will be described with reference to floor coverings, these embodiments are also applicable to wall or ceiling coverings.

Fig. 1 shows a surface laying unit 100 for - together with other, similar surface laying units 100 - frictionally or form-locking laying on a in FIG. 1 surface not shown. The inventively designed plate-like

Surface laying unit 100 is shown in Fig. 1 in a cross-sectional view. There, it can be seen that each surface laying unit 100 has a wear layer 102 of solid wood having a thickness d of, for example, 2 mm. On an upper side of the wear layer 102, a protective lacquer layer 106 is lacquered, which protects the wear layer 102 against mechanical and / or chemical influences of the surroundings. In other words, the protective varnish layer 106 is the layer on which a user occurs when passing through a room in which the surface laying units 100 are laid as parquet. On one of the upper side with the protective lacquer layer 106

opposite underside of the wear layer 102 is a

Bonding layer 104 glued or otherwise applied, which is adapted for connection to the ground. The

Connecting layer 104 may be, for example, a magnetic mat, a Velcro bonding layer or the like, with which the

Surface laying unit 100 can be easily placed on a substrate (with a corresponding corresponding bonding layer for bonding with the bonding layer 104) to form the parquet. As a result, a complex laying of the parquet is unnecessary, since the surface laying unit 100 can not only be placed on a substrate manually and thus tool-free, but also reversible can be detached from the ground by simply the Velcro connection or the magnetic connection is overcome by muscle power. According to the shown

Embodiment, the connection layer 104 is attached over the entire surface of the entire underside of the wear layer 102. For example, a magnetic mat may be bonded as a bonding layer 104 to an underside of the wear layer 102.

As shown in FIG. 1, the structure of the

Surface laying unit 100 conceivably simple, since these only the

Wear layer 102, the protective coating 106 and the connection layer 104, but otherwise no other components and yet can be placed directly on a substrate to form the flooring finished.

The wear layer 102 may be made of solid or solid wood, for example. It can be dimensioned in its thickness d so that it fits for a Use cycle is suitable and should be replaced after this use. In its thickness d, it can alternatively be dimensioned such that it can be ground off, for example, before it should be exchanged after renewed wear. Thus, the thickness of the wear layer 102 can be substantially less than conventional two or three-layer parquet.

In Fig. 1 is indicated by dashed lines that a side surface of

Wear layer 102 may be at least partially (according to FIG. 1 only along half of the circumference) may be provided with the connection structure 104, so that in the installed state laterally adjacent

Surface laying units 100 are laterally interconnected by means of the connection structure 104. Fig. 2 shows an underground laying unit 200 according to a

exemplary embodiment of the invention. This may be used together with the surface laying unit 100 shown in FIG. 1, for example. The underground laying unit 200 is for

Laying on a substrate (not shown in Fig. 2) with other underground laying units 200 of the same type set up. In particular, this can serve as a support for the surface laying units 100 according to FIG. 1.

The underground laying unit 200 has a stability layer 202 of a thickness b of, for example, 15 mm. The stability layer 202 may be made of solid wood and is configured to stabilize a surface laying unit 100 attachable above the stability layer 202. Furthermore, a connection structure 104, which is fastened directly to the stability layer 202, is adhered to an upper side of the underground laying unit 200. The bonding layer 104 is configured for bonding to the bonding layer 104 of the surface laying unit 100, and is optional. In other words, the bonding layers 104 formed as magnetic mats are formed on the wear layer and the stability layer 202 so as to magnetically attract each other. Therefore, the surface laying unit 100 needs only the

Underground laying unit 200, which is already laid on a subsoil, to be laid up. Furthermore, in FIG. 2 that a further connecting layer 104 is attached to an underside of the underground laying unit 200 opposite the upper side. This is also optional. The further bonding layer 104 is attached to an underside of a back veneering layer 204, that is, a thin wood layer bonded between the further bonding layer 104 and the stability layer 202. The

Counter veneer layer 204 serves to reduce impact sound when the parquet is laid and can reduce mechanical stresses that can form in the installed parquet. With the optional further connection structure 104 at a lower side of the

Gegenungsanfurnierschicht 204, a connection of the underside of the underground laying unit 200 can be further improved with an on-site background.

In Fig. 2 is indicated by dashed lines that a side surface of

Stability layer 202 and / or the Gegenzugfurnierschicht 204 at least partially (according to FIG. 2 along the entire circumference) is provided with the connection structure 104, so that in the installed state laterally adjacent underground laying units 200 are laterally interconnected by means of the connecting structure 104.

3 shows a parquet floor 310 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention laid on a screed substrate 300.

An assembly 320 is obtained by first forming a plurality of underground laying units 200 as shown in FIG. 2 shown on the

Screed substrate 300 can be laid. If necessary, the screed substrate 300 may be provided with a bonding layer 104, for example a magnetic mat. This can be magnetically attracted to the formed as a magnetic mat connecting layer 104 on an underside of the underground laying units 200 are provided.

After the underground laying units 200 on the with the

Magnetic mat 104 equipped screed concrete floor 300 have been laid, then individual surface laying units 100 can be placed below. Again, the connecting layers 104, 104 formed as magnetic mats are interposed at an interface

Surface laying units 100 and underground laying units 200 attractively formed each other. As a result, the in Fig. 3 shown arrangement 320 received.

Instead of the screed concrete floor 300, any other suitable substrate (eg tiles, parquet, screed, wooden ceiling, asphalt, etc.) can also be used.

For example, if a surface laying unit 100 is worn or damaged at the surface, it can simply be manually detached by applying the attractive magnetic force between the magnetic mats 104, 104 is overcome between a surface laying unit 100 and a substrate laying unit 200 brought into contact therewith. Then, another surface laying unit 100 can be easily used. This is tool-free, non-destructive and possible without much effort, with the underlying and possibly still intact underground laying units 200

can be kept unchanged. Should an underground laying unit 200 be damaged, they may be placed over it

Surface laying units 100 are removed in the meantime, the damaged underground laying unit 200 are also removed accordingly and by a perfectly different

Underground laying unit 200 are replaced. Then just the surface laying units 100 can be placed again, so that the replacement of individual underground laying units 200 is possible with very little effort.

Fig. 3 shows in one dimension that the surface laying units 100 and the underground laying units 200 offset each other

Have connecting edges to each adjacent surface laying units 100 and underground laying units 200, resulting in a bum-free and therefore mechanically particularly stable configuration.

4 shows parquet 400 according to another example

Embodiment of the invention, which is particularly simple.

In this embodiment, individual ones

Surface laying units 100 simply on-site

Subsurface 300 with connecting mat 104 (for example magnetic mat) attached thereto. It is also possible that

Connecting mat 104 at the top of the substrate 300th If, for example, the connecting layers 104 on the underside of the surface laying units 100 of a

Multiple adhesive layer (for example, double-sided adhesive tape) or as a slip mat or as an arrangement of Saugnäpfen are formed, so do not need a counterpart.

Fig. 5 shows parquet 530 according to another embodiment of the invention in the installed state. According to FIG. 5 it is shown that the underground laying unit 540 used there according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention at side edges grooves 542 and 542

corresponding springs 5544 have, so that adjacent

Subsurface laying units 540 to form a groove and

Spring connection (other types of connections are also possible) can be easily attached to each other. It is further shown that recesses 504 may be provided in the form of air ducts or cable channels at the bottom and / or top of the underground laying units 540, thus further increasing the functionality of the parquet 530. Fig. 6 shows a plan view of an underside of a

Surface laying unit according to an exemplary

Embodiment of the invention, in which individual

Connecting structures 104, for example, individual magnetic mat strips, only a part of the in Fig. 6 main surface of the

Cover surface laying unit. This can cost for the

Magnetic mats are saved. Also, a thermal coupling through the surface laying units can be improved, which can be advantageous if a floor heating is to be laid under the parquet. FIG. 7 shows an underside of a surface laying unit according to yet another exemplary embodiment of the invention, in which an underside of a wear layer 102 is covered with a structured magnetic mat 104. As a result, the costs can also be reduced and, at the same time, the cohesion of the individual magnet structures can be further improved.

Measures according to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 can also be used at

Underground laying units according to the invention are used.

FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 show different practical ones

Realizations of arrangements according to exemplary

Embodiments of the invention. Fig. 8 shows that a multi-layer parquet 800 about

Velcro bonding layers 802 is connected to an on-site substrate 804.

9 shows that a surface connector 900 - composed of a thin wear layer 902 and a magnetic mat tie layer 904 - with a backing member 906 - of a thick stability layer 908, a counterthrust veneer layer 910 and another magnetic mat tie layer 912 - is bonded to an on-site ground 804.

10 shows that a surface connection element 900 - made of a thin wear layer 902 and a magnetic mat connection layer 904 is directly connected to an on-site substrate 804, wherein the substrate 804 has another magnetic mat connection layer 1000. Fig. 11 shows a cross-sectional view of a surface laying unit 1100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, which is designed as a turning parquet. According to this exemplary embodiment, the surface laying unit 1100 has a further wear layer 102, which is arranged opposite to the wear layer 102 separated by the connecting structure 104, so that the

Surface laying unit 1100 is designed as turning surface. The surface laying unit 1100 includes two cover layers 102 with a magnetic mat 104 in the middle. Thus, the parquet can be laid on both sides. For example, each page has a different surface, color, etc. In FIG. 11, the two wear layers 102, 102 are shown with the same thickness d. However, it is also possible to provide the two layers 102, 102 of different thicknesses. Clearly, the force of the magnetic mat 104 through the two wood layer then 102 through. For this reason, it may be advantageous to form the thickness d in a size between 1 mm and 5 mm, in particular in a size between 2 mm and 4 mm.

FIG. 12 shows an arrangement 1200 according to an exemplary embodiment

Embodiment of the invention in a cross-sectional view, wherein surface laying units of magnetic mat 104 and wear layer 102 are laid on horizontal surfaces of stairs 1202 a staircase, which are covered with magnetic mats 104 as connecting layers.

Fig. 13 shows another arrangement of a surface laying unit 100 according to the invention (with the features described above, see for example Fig. 3) and a device according to the invention Underground laying unit 200 (having the above-described features, see for example Fig. 3), which are formed together as a double floor laying unit 1300. Here are supports 1302 between the

Substrate and the underground laying unit 200 used as a spacer. The surface laying unit 100 is detachable and

replaceable mounted on the underground laying unit 200. In the space between the substrate and the underground laying unit 200 maintained by means of the supports 1302, any functional elements may be accommodated, such as empty pipes 1304, electric cables 1306, etc.

By means of the pillars 1302 as a spacer structure, a void can be formed between a lower-side layer 1308 of the underground laying unit 200 and the ground, and thus the underside layer 1308 can be kept spaced from the ground in the laid state of the underground laying unit 200.

Under a raised floor, in this context, a second floor, i. spaced from, understood the actual underground of the room. As a result, each point of the room below the double floor remains accessible at all times. This makes a raised floor particularly suitable for rooms with frequent changes to the

Installations and if the installations should be accessible at any time.

Fig. 14 shows another arrangement 14 of the invention

Double floor laying units 1300 according to FIG. 13. In Fig. 14, further functional elements in the form of electrical appliances 1400 are shown which can be electrically supplied or interconnected by means of the electric cables 1306. 15 shows a cross-sectional view of a surface laying unit 1500 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention having a near-surface acoustic damping layer 110.

In the surface laying unit 1500, in turn, a wear layer 1502 is provided. This wear layer 1502 comprises a hard facing layer 102, 106 of thickness d (see FIG. 1) and a sound damping layer 110 directly attached to a lower surface of the hard facing layer 102, 106 for attenuating sound when the hard facing layer 102, 106 is loaded with a sonic stress is set up. Fig. Fig. 15 shows that hard facing layer 102 is formed as a surface layer.

The hard facing layer 102, 106 is a surface painted

(coated) solid wood existing surface layer. That is, the hard facing layer 102, 106 forms the surface of the subfloor when the surface laying unit 1500 is laid. In other words, when the parquet is entered, a user immediately places his foot 180 on the hard covering layer 102, 106 when laid. The hard covering layer 102, 106 has the thickness d of this

Embodiment 3 mm. In addition, a continuous foam layer as Schalldämpfschicht 110 is attached directly to the underside of the hard lining layer 102, 106. This is designed to attenuate generated acoustic waves or sound or to suppress further development of sound generated by applying a footing stress on the hard covering layer 102, 106. Thus, if a user places the surface laying unit 1500 laid on a surface laying unit 1500 shown in FIG. 15, not shown, enters, so it can lead to a development of sound waves. Due to the provision of the hard covering layer 102, 106 with the said small thickness, a movement of a user on the Surface laying unit 1500 that the hard covering layer 102, 106 is bent significantly and thus evades a corresponding load. This effect is combined with a corresponding compression, generating a restoring force, the

Acoustic damping layer 110. The combination of these two effects leads, as measurements by the Applicant have revealed, to a significant

Suppression of developed sound and thus to a

Low-impact parquet laying unit 1500. The hard covering layer 102, 106 consists of one in this

Embodiment single one-material wood layer 102, the

on the surface side with a layer of protective varnish (or oil) 106 is covered. The protective varnish (or oil) 106 is a highly elastic varnish on the surface of the surface laying unit 1500, which is exposed to the direct exertion of mechanical and chemical influences. This paint is configured to compensate for the thin

Wood layer 102 elastic (that is, without breaking or plastic

Deformation) and mechanical effects on the

To shield the surface of the hard facing layer 102, 106 from the wood layer 102.

16 shows another surface laying unit 1600 according to the invention, in which a sound-damping layer 110 is formed from a glass fiber mat 110b as a stabilizing partial layer and a foam layer 110a as a damping partial layer. The foam layer 110a may be glued, in particular glued, to the glass fiber mat 110b. Alternatively to FIG. 16, the foam layer 110a on the upper side and the

Glass fiber mat 110b be arranged on the underside. The glass fiber mat 110 b has the function that this at a

continued work (i.e., continued gentle movement) of the wood layer 102 after manufacture of the

Surface laying unit 1600, the wood layer 102 stabilized.

Illustratively, the glass fiber mat 110b blocks the wood layer 102, i. reduces or prevents this work.

For producing the composite of the glass fiber mat 110b and the foam layer 110a, liquid adhesive may be applied to the underside of the wood layer 102. After placing the glass fiber mat 110b and then the foam layer 110a to the underside of the wood layer 102, the liquid adhesive first penetrates the

Glass fiber mat 110b and then the foam layer 110a and thus ensures an intimate connection of these components.

FIG. 17 shows a further surface laying unit 1700 according to the invention, in which a hard covering layer 102, 106 and a

Magnetic mat 104 is arranged as a connecting layer, a glass fiber mat 1702 as a stabilizing layer. The latter can absorb or suppress forces of the wood of the wood layer 102, if this works.

In addition, it should be noted that "having" does not exclude other elements or steps and "a" or "an" does not exclude a multitude. "It should also be noted that features or steps described with reference to one of the above embodiments also can be used in combination with other features or steps of other embodiments described above, and reference signs in the claims are not intended to be limiting.

Claims

P a n t a n s p r e c h e

Surface laying unit (100) for laying with others

Surface laying units (100) on a substrate (300), the surface laying unit (100) comprising:

a wear layer (102);

a connection structure (104) mounted directly on a lower side of the wear layer (102) and adapted for connection to the

Underground (300) is set up;

wherein the wear layer (102) has a thickness in a range between 0.5 mm and 8 mm and is formed as a board.

Surface laying unit (100) according to claim 1, wherein the connecting structure (104) is adapted for detachable, in particular for manual muscle force releasable and / or tool-releasable, connecting to the substrate (300).

A surface laying unit (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the connection structure (104) is adapted for adhesive-free bonding to the substrate (300).

The surface laying unit (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the joint structure (104) is a bonding layer which is attached over the entire surface or part of the underside of the surface laying unit (100).

5. surface laying unit (100) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the connecting structure (104) as a structured Connecting layer is formed, which is only part of the

Covered underside of the wear layer (102).

The surface laying unit (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the connection structure (104) is formed of a plurality of mutually separate connection members attached to the underside of the wear layer (102).

The surface laying unit (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the connection structure (104) is selected from a group consisting of a magnetic layer, a magnetic mat, a plurality of magnetic elements, a hook and loop fastener mat, a releasable adhesive layer, an electrostatically charged mat, a slip mat , a Nanomatte, a spray or

Coating layer and an arrangement of suction cups.

Surface laying unit (100) according to one of claims 1 to

7, wherein the wear layer is board-like rigid, in particular consists of wood.

Surface laying unit (100) according to one of claims 1 to

8, wherein a side surface of the wear layer (102) is at least partially provided with the connecting structure (104), so that in the installed state laterally adjacent

Surface laying units (100) by means of the connecting structure (104) are interconnected.

A surface laying unit (100) according to any one of claims 9, wherein an upper surface of the wear layer (102) which faces an underside of the wear layer (102) at which the Connection structure (104) is arranged, with a

Protective coating (106) is provided.

The surface laying unit (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a main surface of the surface laying unit

(100) has an area in a range between 0.001 m ² and 0.5 m ² , in particular in a range between 0.01 m ² and 0.1 m ² . 12. surface laying unit (100) according to one of claims 1 to

11, consisting exclusively of the wear layer (102) and the connection structure (104), in particular consisting exclusively of the wear layer (102), the connection structure (104) and a protective coating (106).

13. surface laying unit (100) according to one of claims 1 to

12, wherein the wear layer (102) is made of solid wood.

14. Surface laying unit (1100) according to one of claims 1 to 13, comprising a further wear layer (102), which is the

Wear layer (102) separated by the connecting structure (104) is arranged opposite, so that the

Surface laying unit (1100) is designed as turning surface. 15. The surface laying unit (1500) according to claim 1, wherein the wear layer (1502) has a hard covering layer (102, 106) and a sound-damping structure (FIG. 10, 106) directly attached to a main surface, in particular directly to a lower side. 110) for damping sound when loading the hard covering layer (102, 106) with a

sound-generating load is set up;

the hard facing layer (102) being a surface layer

is trained.

The surface laying unit (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the surface laying unit (100) has only a single wear layer (102).

Surface laying unit (100) according to one of claims 1 to

16, wherein the wear layer (102) is single-layered.

Surface laying unit (100) according to one of claims 1 to

17, wherein the wear layer (102) has a thickness in a range between 1 mm and 6 mm, in particular between 1.5 mm and 4 mm.

Surface laying unit (1600, 1700) according to one of

Claims 1 to 18, comprising a stabilizing structure (110b, 1702) for stabilizing the wear layer (1502), in particular for receiving forces exerted by a wood layer (102) of the wear layer (1502).

The surface laying unit (1600, 1700) according to claim 19, wherein the stabilizing structure (110b, 1702) directly adjoins the

Wood layer (102) adjacent.

21 surface laying unit (1600, 1700) according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the stabilizing structure (110b) is formed as a fiber layer, in particular as a fiber mat, further in particular is selected from a group that consists of a

Glass fiber mat and a carbon fiber mat.

Underground laying unit (200) for laying, with other subsoil laying units (200), on a substrate (300) and as underlay for surface laying units (100), in particular as underlay for surface laying units (100) according to one of claims 1 to 21, wherein

Subsurface laying unit (200) comprises: a board-like rigid stability layer (202) for stabilizing a layer attachable above the stability layer (202)

Surface laying unit (100); and a connection structure (104) attached to an upper surface of the subgrade laying unit (200) and configured to be connected to the surface laying unit (100); wherein an underside of the underground laying unit (200) opposite the upper side for connecting to the

Underground (300) is set up.

The underground laying unit (200) of claim 22, wherein a first side surface of the stability layer (202) is a first

An engagement element, in particular a first groove (542), and a second side surface of the stability layer (202) has a complementary to the first engagement element second engagement element, in particular a spring (544), wherein the first

Engagement element with a corresponding second

Engagement element and the second engagement element with a corresponding first engagement element of

corresponding underground laying units (200) are connectable.

Underground laying unit (200) according to claim 23, wherein the connecting structure (104) is adapted for releasable, in particular for manual muscle force releasable and / or tool-releasable, connecting to the surface laying unit (100).

The underground laying unit (200) according to claim 23 or 24, wherein the connecting structure (104) is arranged for adhesive-free bonding with the surface laying unit (100).

Underground laying unit (200) according to one of claims 23 to 25, wherein the connecting structure (104) a

Compound layer is the full surface of the entire top or part of a part of the top of the

Underground laying unit (200) is mounted.

The underground laying unit (200) according to any one of claims 23 to 25, wherein the connecting structure (104) is formed as a structured joining layer covering only a part of the upper surface of the underground laying unit (200).

The underground laying unit (200) according to any one of claims 23 to 25, wherein the connecting structure (104) is formed of a plurality of mutually separate connecting members attached to the top of the underground laying unit (200).

29. Underground laying unit (200) according to one of claims 23 to 28, wherein the connecting structure (104) is selected from a group consisting of a magnetic layer, a

Magnetic mat, a plurality of magnetic elements, a Velcro mat, a releasable adhesive layer, an electrostatically charged mat, a slip mat, a spray or coating layer and an arrangement of suction cups.

30. Subsurface laying unit (200) according to one of claims 23 to 29, further comprising a different connecting structure (104) on a surface (300) of the subsoil (300) facing the laying unit (200), which can be connected, in particular for detachable, to the substrate (200). 300) is formed.

The underground laying unit (200) according to claim 30, wherein the other connection structure (104) is arranged according to

Connection structure (104) according to one of claims 16 to 22 configured.

32. Subsurface laying unit (200) according to one of claims 23 to 31, wherein the stability layer (202) comprises or consists of wood, in particular solid wood. 33. Underground laying unit (200) according to one of the claims

to 32, wherein the connection structure (104) directly to the

Stability layer (202) is attached.

34. Underground laying unit (200) according to one of claims 23 to 33, further comprising a Gegenzug- veneierschicht (204), wherein the stability layer (202) is interposed between the

Connection structure (104) and the Gegenzugfurnierschicht (204) is arranged.

The underlay laying unit (200) according to claim 34, wherein the reverse plywood layer (204) is formed of a different wood material than the stabilizing layer (202).

Underground laying unit (540) according to one of claims 23 to 35, wherein a bottom and / or a top of the

Underground laying unit (540) has one or more recesses (504), in particular formed as channels, more particularly as cable ducts or air ducts or heating or cooling channels.

Underground laying unit (200) according to one of claims 23 to 36, formed in a total thickness of between 5 mm and 30 mm, in particular between 8 mm and 20 mm, further

in particular between 10 mm and 15 mm.

Underground laying unit (200) according to one of claims 23 to 37, wherein a side surface of the underground laying unit (200) is at least partially provided with the connecting structure (104), so that in the installed state laterally adjacent underground laying units (200) connected to each other by means of the connecting structure (104) are.

39. An assembly (320) for forming a coating, in particular a parquet floor (310), on a substrate (300), the assembly (320) comprising: a plurality of underground laying units (200) which

together to cover the subsoil (300) on the

Underground (300) can be laid and connected to the substrate (300) are connectable; a plurality of surface laying units (100) provided separately from the underground laying units (200) and arranged to cover the laid underground laying units (200); a connection structure (104) at an interface between the underground laying units (200) and the

Surface laying units (100), wherein the connecting structure (104) is adapted for releasably connecting the surface laying units (100) to the underground laying units (200).

Arrangement (320) according to claim 39, wherein the

Surface laying units (100) according to one of claims 1 to 22 are formed.

Arrangement (320) according to claim 39 or 40, wherein the

Subsurface laying units (200) according to any one of claims 23 to 38 are formed.

An assembly (320) according to any one of claims 39 to 41, wherein an underside of the surface laying units (100) is provided with a first connecting structure (104) and an upper side of the underground laying units (200) with a second one

Connection structure (104) is provided, wherein the first Connection structures (104) and the second

Connection structures (104) in the laid state for forming a detachable connection between the

Surface laying units (100) and the

Interconnecting underground laying units (200).

Arrangement according to one of claims 39 to 42, wherein the surface laying units (100) and the

Subsurface laying units (200) are dimensioned and shaped in such a way that, when installed, boundaries between adjacent underground laying units (200) and boundaries between adjacent laid

Surface laying units (100) offset from one another laterally, in particular arranged bumpless, are.

Arrangement according to one of claims 39 to 43, comprising a spacer structure (1302) on a lower-side layer (1308) of the underground laying units (200), wherein a space between the lower-side layer (1308) and the substrate (300) by means of the spacer structure (1302). be formed and thus the lower side layer (1308) opposite the

Underground (300) in the laid state of

Underground laying units (200) spaced durable.

Method for laying a subfloor, in particular parquet (310), the method comprising:

Laying a plurality of surface laying units on a substrate (300), in particular on a

Building Underground (300), with each of the Surface laying units (100) a wear layer (102), in particular a single wear layer (102) made of wood and a directly attached to a bottom of the wear layer (102) connecting structure (104) for connection to the substrate (300), wherein the wear layer ( 102) has a thickness in one

Range between 0.5 mm and 8 mm and is designed as a board;

Bonding the plurality of surface laying units (100) to the substrate (300) by means of the connecting structure (104);

Solve at least part of the laid

Surface laying units (100) from the substrate (300) by removing the respective wear layer (102) together with the connecting structure (104) attached thereto.

A method according to claim 45, wherein after dissolution at least one new surface laying unit (100) is laid in place of at least one detached surface laying unit (100), each new surface laying unit (100) laying a

Wear layer (102) made of wood and a directly attached to a bottom of the wear layer (102) connecting structure (104) for connection to the substrate (300).

Covering a substrate (300), in particular a

Building background (300), with a plurality of

Subsurface laying units (200) by connecting a Base of Underground Installation Units (200) with the

Underground (300); and

Covering the laid underground laying units (200) with a plurality of surface laying units (100) by detachably connecting an upper surface of the

Underground laying units (200) with a base of

Surface laying units (100) by means of at least one connecting structure (104); wherein the at least one connecting structure (104) is arranged for releasably connecting the surface laying units (100) to the underground laying units (200).

The method of claim 47, wherein after laying, at least a portion of the surface laying units (100) are detached from at least a portion of the underground laying units (200) and the dissolved portion of the surface laying units (100) is replaced by other surface laying units (100).

A method according to claim 48, wherein the release is performed by a user by hand, in particular without tools.

Use of a wear layer (102), in particular a single wear layer (102), in particular of wood, with a connection structure (104) attached thereto, in particular free of further components, as a surface laying unit (100) for detachable attachment to a substrate (300), in particular on a building underground (300) or on one on one

Building underground (300) laid underground laying unit (200), and for the subsequent particular tool-free detachment from the substrate (300), in particular for renovating or renovating a parquet floor (310), wherein the wear layer (102) has a thickness in a range between 0.5 mm and 8 mm and as Board is formed.

The use according to claim 50, wherein the wear layer (102) with attached connection structure (104) is used as a disposable parquet which, after wear, is abraded by another wear layer (102) attached thereto

Connection structure (104) is replaced.

Use according to claim 50 or 51, wherein a floor, a ceiling, a wall or a staircase is used as the base (300).

Use according to any one of claims 50 to 52, wherein the surface laying unit (100) is used for releasable attachment to the ground (300) in the terrace area.