EP2710203B1 - Floor or wall covering system with laying units which can be combined in a modular manner - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an arrangement for forming a covering, in particular a parquet floor, on a substrate, and a method for laying such an arrangement.

Parquet is a wooden floor covering for rooms in enclosed buildings. The wood, usually hardwood from deciduous trees, is sawn into small pieces and put together according to specific patterns. To distinguish from the parquet is a laminate flooring. Laminate coverings are made of wood pulp as a carrier and are coated with melamine resin; the visible wood surface here consists of a laminated paper layer with wood pattern (with melamine resin impregnated decorative layer).
Parquet and other conventional wood panels as floor or wall coverings are relatively expensive to install. The renovation or replacement of such floor or wall coverings requires a lot of time and money.
WO 2005/49935 discloses a panel for a covering comprising a plurality of panels, in particular floor or wall covering, for laying on an on-site substrate with a panel element and an underlayer applied to the back of the panel element. In order to be able to lay the panel in a simple manner and at the same time to achieve good acoustics and sound transmission properties, it is provided that the lower layer is designed for connection to the substrate.

However, replacing a panel requires WO 2005/049935 still quite a lot of effort, since in case of damage panels must be completely replaced, although parts of it still intact may be. This is also disadvantageous from the viewpoints of resource conservation and environmental protection.

EP 2 206 850 A1 discloses a method of providing attachment of a coating to a base layer, for example of wood composite panels, with adhesive bonding free fixation of the coating on the base layer by magnetic attraction of at least one magnetically attracting material contained in a first auxiliary layer of the coating against at least one in one second auxiliary layer of the base layer contained, magnetically attractable material.

DE 199 40 837 A1 discloses a laying system comprising: i) a magnetic connection of plate elements on the underside, ii) a clamping band with claw, angle or double angle connection to the plate elements, iii) a strap with Velcro connection to the underside of the plate elements, iV) an adhesive bond between the plate elements Velcro connection, and v) a profiling of the peripheral sides of the plate elements.

DE 10 2007 038669 A1 discloses a component, wherein the component is provided for releasable connection with at least one further component, and wherein the component, in particular for releasable connection with respect to the further component, is equipped with a nanoscale functional layer.

DE 103 54 789 A1 discloses a panel for a panel having a plurality of panels for laying on an on-site base, comprising a panel member and a backsheet applied to the back of the panel member.

WO 2006/075198 A1 discloses a magnetic modular coating for floors and walls, also in wet spots and under water, consisting of a sole fixation element interposed between a magnetic primer layer and a metallic frame structure.

EP 0 102 211 A2 discloses a floorboard system with accessibility comprising modular panels and these covering module-shaped tiles which are releasably secured to the panels so that they can be laid on the panels after they have been installed and can be removably removed from the panels for access to get to the panels for access to the space below these.

DE 10 2007 043202 A1 discloses floor, wall or ceiling panels and a method of making the same. On a support plate, preferably an HDF plate, a real wood layer is applied firmly adhering. The real wood layer has a thickness of at least 0.6 mm. Subsequently, a surface structure is embossed into the real wood layer by means of an embossing roller. This makes it possible to produce decorative and durable surface structures in the real wood layer, which support the natural pattern of the real wood layer or give additional accents.

It is an object of the present invention to enable installation of floor or wall coverings resource-saving, environmentally friendly, flexible and with little effort, even with relatively small connection forces by a connection structure or connection structures secure laying is possible.

This object is solved by the objects with the features according to the independent claims.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, an arrangement for forming a covering, in particular a parquet floor or a wall covering, is provided on a substrate, the arrangement comprising: i) a plurality of underground laying units, which can be laid together to cover the ground on the ground and with ii) a plurality of surface laying units provided separately from the underground laying units and arranged to cover the laid underground laying units.

The surface laying unit (in particular a Parkettverlegepaneel) is created for laying with other surface laying units on the substrate, wherein the surface laying unit a wear layer (especially designed as a rigid plate), in particular of wood (more particularly a solid wood board, more particularly a rectangular solid wood board), wherein the wear layer has a thickness in a range between 0.5 mm and 4 mm, and has a connection structure directly attached to a lower surface of the wear layer (or to a lower-side surface of the wear layer) adapted for reversibly and non-destructively releasable connection to one of the underground laying units ,

The subsurface laying unit (in particular a floor laying panel) is provided for laying on the ground with other subsurface laying units and as underlay for the surface laying units, the subsoil laying unit having a stability layer (in particular a wooden board, more particularly a rectangular wooden board) for stabilizing a surface laying unit attachable above the stability layer (ie in that the surface laying unit is arranged on a surface of the stability layer facing away from the background) and one on an upper side of the underground laying unit (or on a surface facing away from the background of the underground laying unit) has further connection structure which is arranged for reversibly and non-destructively detachable connection with the surface laying unit, wherein an underside of the underground laying unit (or a surface of the underground laying unit facing the surface) opposite the top side for connection to the substrate is set up. In this case, a first side surface of the stability layer has a first engagement element and a second side surface of the stability layer a second engagement element complementary to the first engagement element, wherein the first engagement element with a corresponding second engagement element and the second engagement element with a corresponding first engagement element of corresponding underground laying units are connectable.

According to a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a method for laying the arrangement for forming a covering, in particular parquet, on a substrate is provided. The method comprises: i) covering the substrate, in particular a building substrate, with the plurality of substrate laying units by connecting the undersides of the substrate laying units to the substrate, and ii) covering the installed substrate laying units with the plurality of surface laying units by detachably connecting the upper surfaces of the underground laying units with the undersides of the surface laying units by means of the connection structure and the further connection structure. In this case, the connection structure and the further connection structure for reversibly and non-destructively detachable connection of the surface laying units with the underground laying units are set up. Furthermore, the first engagement element with a corresponding second engagement element and the second engagement element with a corresponding first Engagement element connected by corresponding underground laying units.

In the context of this description, a "surface laying unit" can be understood in particular as a parquet module whose wear layer is exposed or visible to the outside (possibly still covered with an optional protective coating) in the state laid on or above a substrate. The laying of the surface laying unit takes place by means of a connecting structure on the underside of the surface laying unit and by means of a connecting structure on the upper side of the underground laying unit connected to the surface laying unit.
In the context of this description, a "underground laying unit" can be understood in particular as a parquet module which can be directly connected to a substrate, in particular to a building foundation, for example directly (ie without further components in between) on the substrate. This laying can take place, for example, by means of a connecting structure on the underside of the underground laying unit and / or by means of a connecting structure on the upper side of the ground. A floating laying of the underground laying unit on the ground is possible.

In the context of this description, a "substrate" can be understood in particular to mean any flat or essentially flat surface that can be covered with a wood covering. The subsurface may be a subsurface of a building (for example a building floor, a building ceiling or a building wall), ie an on-site substrate. But it is also possible to use as a background stairs or stairs (especially horizontal and / or vertical surfaces of stairs), then on the inventive Arrangements can be laid with any embodiments described in the context of this application.

In the context of this description, a "wear layer" can be understood in particular to mean a layer near the surface or a surface layer or a board on which or the actual mechanical and / or chemical stress on the laid floor or wall covering is carried out. In parquet this is the layer that a user uses as a floor to walk on.

In the context of this description, a "stability layer" can be understood in particular to be a surface-distant layer or a board which serves the stability of the installed floor or wall covering as a whole. In order to be able to fulfill this function, possibly supplemented by the additional function of reducing the impact sound, the stability layer may preferably be thicker, more preferably at least 3 mm thicker, than the wear layer. The skilled person will understand that completely different dimensions or dimensions are possible.

In the context of this description, a "connection structure" can be understood in particular to be any physical structure which is specially adapted to specifically form a connection with the intended adjacent element, i. to exert a fastening force on them. A connection structure may be formed as a layer or as one or more specially applied elements.

In the context of this description, a "board-like rigid layer" can be understood as meaning a layer which has the mechanical properties of a board. For example, such a layer can not be wound up on a roll.

In the context of this description, an "upper side" of a layer or of an element can be understood to mean in particular such a main surface of this layer or of this element, which faces away from the substrate when the layer or element is laid as intended. Correspondingly, an "underside" of a layer or of an element can be understood in particular to be such a main surface of this layer or of this element, which faces the substrate when the layer or element is laid as intended.

In the context of this description, a "detachable connection" of two elements by means of a connection structure can be understood in particular to mean that after the formation of such a connection, it can be reversibly and non-destructively released by applying a release force. By such a non-destructive loosening the connection structure can be reused after loosening, in particular at least ten or at least a hundred times reused, without the connection function suffers or is impaired. The release of such a connection can be performed without the use of a tool by a user. For such a release, the application of a release force of less than 200 N, in particular of less than 100 N, more particularly of less than 50 N may be sufficient. In order to avoid unwanted loosening of the laid covering, the dissolving force should be at least 10 N, in particular more than 20 N, more particularly more than 30 N. However, the forces can also have other sizes.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, it is possible not to remove an entire, attached to a substrate and laid floor or wall covering when it replaced but it may be sufficient to solve only an upper part of the floor or wall covering of a lower part of the floor or wall covering. In other words, a worn wear layer, for example, can be replaced by detaching it from a backing in isolation, ie, only together with a connecting structure attached thereto. This pad is a remaining part of the floor or wall covering, comprising a plurality of underground laying units. It is sufficient to remove a relatively thin top-side wear layer together with a connecting structure attached thereto and to replace it with a new wear layer having a connection structure. Since the connection structure can be provided destructively from the pad detachable, the effort to replace the wear layer is very small, since even without the use of tools or the costly removal of adhesive layers of the pad, the wear layer can be easily replaced. Not only with wear of the wear layer or other surface damage of the wear layer, this can be replaced, but it is also possible to replace parquet without significant time and effort alone by the fact that visible to the outside and the surface stress relevant wear layer together with a arranged connection structure is replaced.

This allows a resource-saving installation of parquet and other floor or wall coverings, as always only the actually worn wear layer including connection structure must be replaced and not the entire parquet. This is also a preferred solution from the standpoint of sustainability and environmental protection, and also provides a user with a high degree of flexibility by simply removing an upper portion of the layer sequence.

However, it is also possible to easily and in isolation replace a lying under the surface laying unit underground laying unit, if this is designed to be detachably connectable to an on-site substrate, also using one or more connecting structures disposed between the substrate and the underground laying unit could be.

Overall, a modular system is created, with the parquet not only laid quickly, but can also be renewed, renovated or renovated with little effort, without - as in conventional solutions - large quantities of actually functional underground wood must be replaced with.

In other words, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a parquet element that is conventionally integrally and inseparably formed can be divided into a surface laying unit and a substructure laying unit that is separate or reversibly separable from it. According to the sub-functions of an upper layer of wood and a lower layer of wood in a conventional parquet element can then according to the invention a surface laying unit (with a wear layer that is exposed to immediate use and as a tread pad) and a detachable and reconnect underground laying unit (stability and underground bonding layer on the Subsoil floating or firmly connected) can also be structurally separated. Surface laying unit and underground laying unit are thus individually interchangeable, but also securely connectable by means of at least one interposed connection structure. As a result, the amount of material to be replaced as needed, if only one of the sub-functions fails, reduced because the component that takes over the other and still intact partial function, does not have to be replaced. Furthermore, the laying and Renovation cost of appropriately laid parquet significantly reduced, since the connection structure may be formed to ensure a simple simple manual removal and replacement of individual surface laying units and / or underground laying units, without the need for a costly relocation of the entire parquet layering.

In the following, additional exemplary embodiments of the surface laying unit will be described. These also apply to the underground laying unit, the arrangement and the procedure.

Embodiments of the invention are not limited to wood but apply to all materials and linings, e.g. Tiles, laminate, PVC flooring, carpets, etc.

Both the surface laying units and the underground laying units can be manufactured in virtually any formats. This includes in particular any quadrangular configuration, more particularly rectangular arrangements. But other forms, such as Polygons are possible.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the connection structure can be designed to be detachable, in particular releasable and / or tool-free releasable, to be connected to the substrate using manual muscle force. As a result, without providing a separate tool or without destructive treatment, it is possible to remove the wear layer (eg together with a part of the connection structure or together with the entire connection structure) and, if necessary, replace it with another one.

According to exemplary embodiments, it is also possible that a special equipment for assembly or disassembly is used (for example, heat, radiation, mechanical assistance).

According to an exemplary embodiment, the connection structure may be designed for adhesive-free connection to the substrate. Thus, no elaborate adhesive bond must be created between the Nutzstruktur and the pad, but it is also possible that the connection structure exerts a different type of connection force that allows the reversible removal without tools (or with very simple tools) and without destroying the connection structure. The applied force can be an electrical, magnetic or mechanical connection force, which, however, should satisfy the criterion of reversibility, that is to say can be overcome by a user simply removing the surface laying unit from the surface.

According to one embodiment, the connection structure may be a connection layer, the entire surface of the entire bottom of the u. Surface laying unit is attached and thus covers the entire bottom. Thus, the connection structure may be mat-like mounted as a full-surface layer, whereby a particularly good connection effect and in addition a continuous sealing or insulating effect against the substrate is achieved. In this embodiment, the connection structure can also serve to protect the wear layer from influences from below.

Alternatively, the connection structure may be a connection layer, which is only partially attached to a part of the underside. Therefore, only a partial area of the underside can be covered with the bonding layer to save material.

The bonding layer may, for example, have a thickness between 10 μm and 3 mm, in particular between 100 μm and 1 mm. Again, it should be noted that completely different dimensions are possible.

According to one embodiment, the connection structure may be formed as a structured connection layer which covers only a part of the underside of the wear layer. According to this embodiment, an originally full-surface connecting layer can be provided with a recess or a plurality of recesses. Thereby, the connection force can be adjusted specifically and thus a coating can be formed, which allows a user tool-free and only by using muscle power to remove the surface laying unit again. By such a structuring, it is also possible to create a targeted thermal bridge, for example, if in the ground a floor heating is mounted, which is to act through a floor covering thermally.

According to one embodiment, the connection structure may be formed of a plurality of mutually separate connection elements (for example, individual permanent magnets or individual suction cups) which are attached to the underside of the wear layer. According to this embodiment, for example, individual connecting elements can be placed at specific locations on the wear layer, for example in corner regions or at certain distances from each other. As a result, on the one hand the adjustment of the size of a connection force is possible, on the other hand, the connection structure can be very material-saving and lightweight attached to the wear layer.

According to an embodiment, the connection structure may be made of a magnetic mat, a plurality of magnetic elements (for example a permanent magnet), a Velcro mat (having a component of a hook and loop fastener), a releasable adhesive layer (for example, double-sided adhesive tape), an electrostatically charged mat (the charge carriers may be enclosed inside such a mat), a slip mat (for example, from a Rubber material with high static friction), a spray or coating layer and / or an arrangement of suction cups. Thus, magnetic, mechanical, electrical forces or a combination thereof can be used to realize the releasable or reversible connection characteristic between surface laying unit and ground. The bonding structure may be permanently affixed to the wood layer, in particular sprayed on as a dry spray fluid, applied as a dry paint, or laminated, welded or bonded thereto as a flexible or rigid solid. For example, a magnetic layer may be applied to the wear layer as a liquid suspension of magnetic particles (eg, colloids or magnetic chips) and a solvent, etc. After drying the suspension then remains a thin and inexpensive manufacturable magnetic layer on the wear layer. The connection structure may also include a hot melt adhesive. A hot melt adhesive is applied in molten form and then adheres to the respective surface when cooled again to a temperature below the melting point. A nano-mat can also be used as a connection structure, ie a mat with an arrangement of nanostructures for effecting the connection.

According to one embodiment, the entire surface laying unit, in particular the wear layer, can have a thickness in a range between approximately 0.5 mm and approximately 8 mm, in particular between approximately 1 mm and approximately 6 mm, more particularly between approximately 1.5 mm and approximately 4 mm exhibit.

Thus, when wear of the wear layer these alone, that is, without underneath optionally arranged underground laying unit, be replaced, which allows a material and resource-saving operation. Advantageously, the thickness of the wear layer can be selected such that it is possible to abrade a surface of the wear layer at least once before replacing the surface laying unit.

According to a preferred embodiment, in the surface laying unit, a side surface of the wear layer may be wholly or partially provided with the connection structure (for example, with a magnetic layer), so that side-by-side surface laying units are connected to each other in the laid state by means of the connection structure. In particular, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, therefore, the circumferential side surface of the surface laying units and / or the underground laying units can be wholly or partially provided with a connecting structure having the features described above. For example, a bonding mat or bonding layer on a respective major surface (top and bottom) of the surface laying units and / or the underground laying units may also be formed (turned inside out) on the side surfaces, for example, whereby the joint structure can simultaneously develop a lateral fastening action. Connection structures on the main surface and side surface may be formed integrally or separately. According to one exemplary embodiment, in the case of the underground laying unit, a side surface of the stability layer can be provided in whole or in part with the connecting structure in a corresponding manner, so that in the installed state laterally adjoining one another Underground laying units are connected to each other by means of the connecting structure.

According to one exemplary embodiment, an upper side of the wear layer, which lies opposite an underside of the wear layer on which the connection structure is arranged, may be provided with a protective coating. Such a protective coating (for example, parquet lacquer, floor oil or wax) can protect the wear layer against kicks by a user or other environmental influences of a chemical and / or mechanical nature.

According to one embodiment, a major surface of the surface laying unit may have an area in a range between about 0.001 m ² and about 0.5 m ² , in particular in a range between about 0.01 m ² and about 0.1 m ² . For example, a single rod may have surface dimensions of about 490 mm x 70 mm. Thus, the surface laying units can be dimensioned so that a parquet of a conventional outward appearance can be laid. However, the installation and replacement of such a parquet compared to conventional systems is much easier. With regard to certain materials or particular optics embodiments of the invention are not limited.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the surface laying unit may consist exclusively of the wear layer (possibly also provided with a thin protective coating, for example with a thickness of between 1 μm and 100 μm, but may also be stronger) and the connecting structure. In other words, according to one embodiment, the surface laying unit has no other components other than the wear layer and the connection structure. Optionally, a protective lacquer can also be provided on the upper side of the wear layer in order to protect the wear layer from environmental influences protect. As a result, a particularly easy to produce, lightweight and cost-effective surface laying unit is created, which alone or in combination with underground laying units can replace conventional parquet, but is much easier to install and replace.

According to one embodiment, the wear layer may be made of solid wood. Thus, according to this embodiment, the wear layer may be made of wood only as a component. It can be made of solid wood, for example.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the surface laying unit may have a further (second) wear layer, which is disposed opposite to the wear layer (which is also referred to as the first wear layer) separated from one another by the connection structure, so that the surface laying unit is configured as a turning surface (see Fig. 11 ). The further wear layer can have any of the embodiments described in this application, such as the wear layer. In this embodiment, the connection structure can clearly work through the two wear layers of a surface of the surface laying unit, which can be achieved, for example, with a magnetic mat or with a connection layer which exerts an electrical force. Due to the indirect force effect of the connection structure through the respective wear layer, it may be advantageous to design the two wear layers sufficiently thin (for example between 1.5 mm and 4 mm thick, for example if the wear layers are made of wood). The two wear layers can be designed such that the surface laying unit is initially laid so that the first wear layer is arranged on a parquet surface and the second wear layer is assigned to the ground (a corresponding underground laying unit or an on-site base). The connection structure inside the surface laying unit then works in cooperation with another Bonding layer (for example, another magnetic layer or metal layer) on a subgrade laying unit a solid compound of the laid covering. The surface laying unit can also be removed from the underground laying unit and turned, so that now the functions of the two wear layers are inverted. Such an arrangement is particularly resource-friendly.

According to one embodiment, in the surface laying unit, the wear layer may include a hard facing layer and a sound absorbing structure directly attached to a major surface, particularly directly to a bottom surface of the hard facing layer, configured to attenuate sound when the hard facing layer is loaded with a sonic stress. The hard covering layer may be formed as a surface layer. In the context of this description, a "hard coating layer" can be understood in particular to mean a layer near the surface, a surface-facing layer or a surface layer, on or near which the actual mechanical and / or chemical stress on the installed floor or wall covering is carried out. In parquet this is the layer that a user uses as a floor to walk on. The hard covering layer can be embodied as a rigid layer, in particular as a board or as a board-like structure. The hard facing layer may be configured to be optically perceived by a user when the user is looking at the intended surface laying unit. In the context of this application, a "sound damping structure" is understood to mean, in particular, a physical body, for example in the form of a (continuous or sectionally interrupted) sound damping layer, which is attached directly to the hard covering layer and attenuates sound waves generated thereby upon the action of a mechanical load on the hard covering layer, absorbed and / or undergoes a noticeable mechanical deflection. Such a silencing structure may consist of a continuous, consist of soft, elastic layer attached to a bottom of the hard facing layer or may be formed of individual, contiguous or non-contiguous physical structures only partially covering a bottom surface of the hard facing layer. The described embodiment of the invention is based on the finding that, with a sound damping structure of a subfloor covering arranged close to the surface, impact sound or other sound phenomena which result from a mechanical stress of a hardfacing layer directly above the sound attenuating structure can be suppressed particularly efficiently. While it is conventionally known to apply a damping structure to the underside of a parquet, that is to say an arrangement of, for example, a total of 20 mm to 35 mm thick layers, the invention is based on the recognition that the direct attachment of the sound damping structure to the underside a due to its small thickness also flexible hard covering the measurable sound development is significantly reduced. Experimental findings of the Applicant have yielded these results.

According to one embodiment, the surface laying unit may have a stabilizing structure for stabilizing the wear layer, in particular for receiving forces exerted by a layer of wood of the wear layer. The stabilization substructure can be designed, in particular, for receiving forces exerted by the hard covering layer. Applicant's experiments have shown that by providing an additional stabilizing partial structure on the hard covering layer, forces of the working wood of the hard covering layer can be absorbed or suppressed, whereby the stability and the life of the surface laying unit as a whole can be significantly increased.

According to one embodiment, the stabilization structure can directly adjoin the wood layer. In this case, their stabilizing effect is particularly pronounced.

The stabilizing structure may be formed, for example, as a fiber layer, in particular as a fiber mat. Preference is given to glass fiber mats or carbon fiber mats.

In the following, additional exemplary embodiments of the underground laying unit will be described. These also apply to the surface laying unit, the arrangement and the method.

According to the invention, a first side surface of the stability layer comprises a first engagement element (for example a groove) and a second side surface of the stability layer having a second engagement element (for example a spring) complementary to the first engagement element, wherein the first engagement element comprises a corresponding second engagement element and the second engagement element Engagement element with a corresponding first engagement element of corresponding underground laying units are connectable. In particular, a first side surface of the stability layer can have a groove and a second side surface of the stability layer can have a spring, wherein the groove can be connected to a corresponding spring and the spring can be connected to a corresponding groove of corresponding underground laying units. As an alternative to a tongue and groove connection or to a bung any other form-fitting, frictional or non-positive connection between adjacent side surfaces or edges of the underground laying units is possible. At adjoining side surfaces of a subgrade laying unit, they may be engaged with each other by, for example, a simple click connection. This is even with relatively small connection forces through the Connection structure or connection structures allows safe installation of the parquet.

Alternatively, it is also possible to provide the entire circumferential side surface of the surface laying units and / or the underground laying units with a groove and insert a spring as a separate component in the double grooves between adjacent laying units for forming a lateral connection.

According to an embodiment, the underground laying unit may further comprise a different (ie second) connection structure on a surface of the underground laying unit facing the ground, which is designed for connecting, in particular releasably connecting, to the ground. According to this embodiment, the underground laying unit may each have a connecting layer at both of its upper and lower main surfaces. Thus, the underground laying unit can be reversibly detachably attached to a substrate, in particular an on-site substrate (such as a stone, concrete or screed or wooden floor) on its underside and can be coupled to the opposite surface with a surface laying unit according to the features described above. As a result, the upper bonding layer of the subgrade laying unit may be fitted to the lower bonding layer of the surface laying unit. Thus, according to this embodiment, the bonding layers of surface laying unit and underground laying unit can be formed correspondingly. For example, they may be formed as corresponding Velcro surfaces. For example, a male type Velcro bonding layer and the other Velcro bonding layer may be of the female type. Alternatively, the two interconnecting layers may be attracting magnetic layers.

According to one embodiment, the other connection layer may be designed according to the connection layer with the features described above. The connection structure of the subgrade laying unit may include those features which have been described above with respect to the surface laying unit. To avoid repetition, reference is thus made to the above description.

According to one embodiment, the stability layer may be formed of a wood material, in particular of solid wood. Such a stability layer of solid wood can thus support the entire parquet, formed from the wear layer, the stability layer and optionally a counter-ply veneer layer arranged below the stability layer.
According to one embodiment, the connection structure may be attached directly to the stability layer. In other words, the arrangement between connection structure and stability layer can be free of further intermediate layers, which allows an approximately immediate connection of the stability layer, for example, to a wear layer of a surface laying unit.

According to one embodiment, the substrate laying unit may further comprise a Gegenzugnurnierschicht (may also be another material (paper, etc.)), wherein the stability layer between the connection structure and the Gegenzugfurnierschicht is arranged. Such Gegenzugsfurnierschicht can be provided for acoustic or impact sound damping purposes and can thus form a conventional three-layer parquet together with the stability layer and the wear layer of the corresponding surface laying unit, wherein the inventive arrangement The advantage is that when worn or abraded wear layer only this must be replaced.
According to one embodiment, the Gegenzugnurnierschicht may be formed of a different wood material or a different solid wood than the stabilizing layer. Thus, the counterfoam veneer layer can be optimized with respect to the acoustic damping properties, whereas the stabilizing layer can be optimized for stabilization purposes.

According to one embodiment, an underside of the underground laying unit can have one or more recesses, in particular formed as channels, more particularly as cable channels. In this way, not only the acoustic attenuation of the laid parquet can be improved, but it can also be used the recesses to lay below the parquet electrical, optoelectronic, fluidic or other lines, whereby the functionality of the parquet is further improved , Instead of cable channels, the recesses can also be used as air ducts, etc.

According to one embodiment, the underground laying unit may be formed in a total thickness of between about 5 mm and about 30 mm, in particular between about 8 mm and about 20 mm, more particularly between about 10 mm and about 15 mm. At these thicknesses a stable as well as sound-damping arrangement is possible. It will further be appreciated that the components of the subgrade laying unit, which are usually still in good condition, when a wearing course must already be replaced, can be left unaltered without losing the corresponding material. Only the wear layer or the surface laying unit is to be replaced in such an embodiment.

In the following, additional exemplary embodiments of the arrangement will be described.

An arrangement according to the invention has a plurality of the above-described underground laying units and surface laying units.

According to the invention, an underside of the surface laying units is provided with a first connecting structure and an upper side of the underground laying units with a second connecting structure, wherein the first connecting structures and the second connecting structures in the installed state cooperate to form a releasable connection between the surface laying units and the underground laying units. As a result, a particularly stable fastening action between the surface laying unit and underlying underground laying unit is possible, since corresponding connecting structures cooperate (exert a magnetic attraction force on one another, for example), in order to create a firm but nevertheless releasable connection.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the surface laying units and the underground laying units can be dimensioned and shaped such that, in the installed state, boundaries between adjacently laid underground laying units and boundaries between adjacently laid surface laying units are offset laterally (in one or preferably two dimensions), in particular bumplessly arranged. It has been found that a particularly stable configuration is achieved when providing a lateral offset between subgrade laying units and surface laying units. In other words, you can Side edges of adjoining surface laying units are laterally offset from side edges of adjacent subgrade laying units, so that they are not laid shock to impact. As a result, due to the mechanical stress characteristics of wood, the stability of the entire assembly can be significantly improved. It has been found that this measure, especially when using a Velcro connection between underground laying units and surface laying units leads to an improved attachment.

According to an exemplary embodiment, a spacer structure may be provided on a lower-side layer of the underground laying units, wherein a space can be formed between the lower-side layer and the substrate by means of the spacer structure, and thus the underside layer can be kept spaced from the ground in the installed state of the underground laying units. Thus, a double floor construction can be made possible, so that installations of all kinds can be installed in the cavity. The spacer structure may, for example, be in the form of lower-side supports which may be mounted on the lowest boundary layer of the underground laying unit.

Hereinafter, additional exemplary embodiments of the method will be described.

According to one embodiment, at least one new surface laying unit may be laid after loosening instead of at least one detached surface laying unit, each new surface laying unit having a wooden wear layer and a connecting structure directly attached to a lower surface of the wear layer for bonding to the underground laying unit. In this way it is possible to single, worn or destroyed To replace surface laying units with individual corresponding new surface laying units, without detaching the other surface laying units and, above all, without detaching or replacing the underground laying units that may still be under operation. Thus, a renovation or renovation of individual surface laying units is possible with minimal effort. The release can be achieved, for example, by merely removing individual surface laying units without the use of tools or without destroying a connecting layer. Alternatively, it is also possible to provide special tools for mounting or dismounting the floor or wall coverings.

According to one embodiment, individual underground laying units can be replaced. For this purpose, first one or more surface laying units, which cover the underground laying unit to be replaced, detach from the parquet composite and remove. Then the exposed underground laying unit can be removed from the ground. The connecting structures of surface laying units and / or underground laying unit and / or underground remain intact connected to the respective component. Now the new underground laying unit can be placed on the ground. Subsequently, the previously removed surface laying units can be placed on the new underground laying unit. This embodiment also makes use of the modular nature of the system.

According to one embodiment, the release by a user manually, in particular tool-free, performed. As a result, the effort to remove surface laying units and / or underground laying units is conceivably small.

According to one embodiment, the wear layer with attached connection structure (i.e., the surface laying unit) may be used as a one-way parquet. Accordingly, for example, after wear of the wear layer or after its damage, without abrasion or other refurbishment, the surface laying unit may be replaced with another one of the surface laying unit. Alternatively, it is also possible to recycle the parquet after wear. For example, the parquet can be sanded, sealed and reused. According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention thus releasable and reconnectable connections are created. The detachable and reconnectable element can be a two-layer, three-layer or solid parquet (when connected to the ground as a counterpart of the connection). Alternatively or additionally, the releasable and reconnectable element may be a top layer of solid wood (both within the product and / or to the ground) having a thickness of, for example, 1.5 mm to 4 mm.

The said two-ply, three-ply or solid parquet elements and solid cover layers can be formed from hardwood, softwood or modified wood (thermo-treated, coated, impregnated, smoked, etc.). Other materials that can be used for the detachable element (surface laying unit, underground laying unit) are plastic, metal, velor, etc.

The connection of such an element can be made on different substrates and different designs.

According to one embodiment, a flat connection (full surface, stripes, etc.) on the ground (wall, ceiling, floor etc.). For example, a two-ply, three-ply or solid wood parquet laying unit on a substrate (eg screed, wooden floor, tiles, laminate, PVC flooring, carpets, etc.) is possible. The connection is made over the entire surface or streaky on the counterpart of the invention.
Alternatively, it is also possible to equip a top layer of solid wood on factory-made base (made of wood material or wood composite or solid wood) with a width and side connection (for example, groove, spring or click). Said substructure (that is, the counterpart of the compound) can be floating, glued over the entire surface or glued strip glued. On this, the topcoat is applied.

According to yet another embodiment of the invention, a top layer of solid wood may be applied to a substrate (for example screed, wooden floor, tiles, laminate, PVC covering, carpet, etc.). The supplied connection component can be applied to the substrate (screed, wooden floor, tiles, laminate, PVC flooring, carpet, etc.) floating or over the entire surface.
It is a width and side connection between cover layer to cover possible. Such compounds can be formed correspondingly both in the execution on factory-made substructure and in the connection of the cover layer on the ground.

Various possibilities are possible for the connection structures, including hook-and-loop fastener, magnetic closure, adhesive tape, releasable adhesives (reversible adhesion), etc. Thus, the underground laying units and / or surface laying units used can simply be laid on or laid on for laying. For removal, these can be easily removed. The wear layer can act as a topsheet and, for example, once be sanded off. This can be effected, for example, by pulses (current, heat, bimetallic effect or other).

Instead of the separate provision of a stability layer (solid wood layer) and a Gegenzugsfurniere (thin wood layer), these can also be formed in one piece. The wear layer thickness can be reduced to one usage cycle so that, for example, it becomes possible for a user to have a new parquet every five years without the need for a very large installation effort.

European wood species that can be processed into surface laying units or underground laying units are oak, beech, maple, birch, walnut, cherry, ash, olive, acacia, elm, apple tree, pear tree and sweet chestnut. Non-European types of wood, which can be processed into, for example, surface laying units or underground laying units, are merbau, wenge, teak or mahogany.

As solid wood from which surface laying units and / or underground laying units can be completely or partially formed, wood products can be designated whose cross sections have been worked out from a tree trunk and optionally further processed by cutting (drilling, milling, planing, etc.). The structure of the wood is, unlike with glulam and wood materials, not mechanically or mechanically-chemically altered. A compound of different materials is possible according to the invention.

For multilayer underground laying units, wood-based materials are also used as the carrier. Wood materials can be materials that are produced by crushing wood and then joining the structural elements. The size and shape of the wood particles determine the nature of the wood material and its properties.

The wood particles may be bonded together with or without binders or mechanical bonds.

Parquet, which is formed from surface laying units and / or underground laying units, may be formed for example as solid parquet or multi-layer parquet. Solid parquet may in particular be constructed of solid wood pieces, which according to the invention may be provided with connecting structures. Solid parquet can be laid raw and then sanded down with a parquet sanding machine. Subsequently, a surface treatment with parquet lacquer, floor oil or wax can be done. Multi-layer parquet can be two-layer parquet or three-layer parquet. The visible surface layer of the respective stamping wood species can be, for example, 0.5-2 mm to 4 mm thick and glued to one or more support layers of cheaper softwood or to a wooden-based support plate.

The releasably connectable floor covering, i. the surface laying unit, can be used for releasable attachment to the ground in the patio area. Thus, even on a terrace, where a surface laying unit is exposed to particularly strong wear due to the weather, only the thin surface laying unit can be replaced without a complete relocation of the entire decking is necessary.

• Fig. 1 zeigt eine Querschnittansicht einer Oberflächenverlegeeinheit.
• Fig. 2 zeigt einen Querschnitt einer Untergrundverlegeeinheit.
• Fig. 3 zeigt verlegten Parkett, bei dem Oberflächenverlegeeinheiten gemäß Fig. 1 und Untergrundverlegeeinheiten gemäß Fig. 2 auf einem Untergrund verlegt worden sind.
• Fig. 4 zeigt eine andere Anordnung von verlegtem Parkett, bei dem Oberflächenverlegeeinheiten unter Verwendung von zwei Verbindungsschichten auf einem Untergrund befestigt worden sind.
• Fig. 5 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung aus Oberflächenverlegeeinheiten und Untergrundverlegeeinheiten, die auf einem Untergrund verlegt worden sind.
• Fig. 6 zeigt eine unterseitige Draufsicht einer Oberflächenverlegeeinheit mit separaten Verbindungsstrukturen.
• Fig. 7 zeigt eine unterseitige Draufsicht einer Oberflächenverlegeeinheit mit einer strukturierten Verbindungsschicht.
• Fig. 8 zeigt eine Querschnittansicht einer Oberflächenverlegeeinheit, die als Wendeparkett ausgeführt ist.
• Fig. 9 zeigt eine Querschnittansicht einer Oberflächenverlegeeinheit, die auf horizontalen Oberflächen einer Treppe ist.
• Fig. 10 zeigt eine andere Anordnung aus einer Oberflächenverlegeeinheit und einer Untergrundverlegeeinheit, die gemeinsam als Doppelbodenverlegeeinheit ausgebildet sind.
• Fig. 11 zeigt eine andere Anordnung aus Doppelbodenverlegeeinheiten gemäß Fig. 10.
• Fig. 12 zeigt eine Querschnittsansicht einer Oberflächenverlegeeinheit mit einer oberflächennahen Schalldämpfschicht.
• Fig. 13 zeigt eine andere Oberflächenverlegeeinheit, bei der eine Schalldämpfschicht aus einer Stabilisierungsteilschicht und einer Dämpfteilschicht ausgebildet ist.
• Fig. 14 zeigt eine weitere Oberflächenverlegeeinheit, bei der zwischen einer Hartbelagschicht und einer Verbindungsschicht eine Glasfasermatte als Stabilisierungsschicht angeordnet ist.

Gleiche oder ähnliche Komponenten in unterschiedlichen Figuren sind mit gleichen Bezugsziffern versehen.
Gemäß exemplarischen Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung wird eine Anordnung zum Bilden eines Belages aufweisend eine Mehrzahl von Untergrundverlegeeinheiten und Oberflächenverlegeeinheiten bereitgestellt.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following figures.

• Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a surface laying unit.
• Fig. 2 shows a cross section of a subgrade laying unit.
• Fig. 3 shows laid parquet, according to the surface laying units Fig. 1 and underground laying units according to Fig. 2 have been laid on a surface.
• Fig. 4 shows another arrangement of laid parquet, in which surface laying units have been mounted on a substrate using two tie layers.
• Fig. 5 shows an inventive arrangement of surface laying units and underground laying units that have been laid on a substrate.
• Fig. 6 shows a bottom plan view of a surface laying unit with separate connection structures.
• Fig. 7 shows a bottom plan view of a surface laying unit with a structured compound layer.
• Fig. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of a surface laying unit, which is designed as a turning parquet.
• Fig. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of a surface laying unit, which is on horizontal surfaces of a staircase.
• Fig. 10 shows another arrangement of a surface laying unit and a subgrade laying unit, which are formed together as a double floor laying unit.
• Fig. 11 shows another arrangement of double floor laying units according to Fig. 10 ,
• Fig. 12 shows a cross-sectional view of a surface laying unit with a near-surface Schalldämpfschicht.
• Fig. 13 shows another surface laying unit in which a Schalldämpfschicht is formed of a stabilization sublayer and a damping sublayer.
• Fig. 14 shows a further surface laying unit, in which a glass fiber mat is arranged as a stabilizing layer between a hard lining layer and a connecting layer.

The same or similar components in different figures are provided with the same reference numerals.
According to exemplary embodiments of the invention, an arrangement for forming a coating comprising a plurality of underground laying units and surface laying units is provided.

Although in the following special embodiments will be described with reference to floor coverings, these embodiments are also applicable to wall or ceiling coverings.
Fig. 1 shows a surface laying unit 100 for - together with other, similar surface laying units 100 - frictionally or form-locking laying on a in Fig. 1 not shown underground. The plate-like surface laying unit 100 is shown in FIG Fig. 1 shown in a cross-sectional view. There, it can be seen that each surface laying unit 100 has a wear layer 102 of solid wood having a thickness d of, for example, 2 mm. On an upper side of the wear layer 102, a protective lacquer layer 106 is lacquered, which protects the wear layer 102 against mechanical and / or chemical influences of the surroundings. In other words, that is

Protective lacquer layer 106 is the layer on which a user occurs when passing through a room in which the surface laying units 100 are laid as parquet.

On one of the upper side with the protective lacquer layer 106 opposite underside of the wear layer 102, a connecting layer 104 is glued or applied in another manner, which is adapted for connection to the ground. The bonding layer 104 may be, for example, a magnetic mat, a Velcro bonding layer, or the like, with which the surface laying unit 100 can be easily placed on a substrate (with a corresponding corresponding bonding layer for bonding to the bonding layer 104) to form the parquet. As a result, a complex laying of the parquet is unnecessary, since the surface laying unit 100 can not only be placed on a substrate manually and thus tool-free, but also reversible can be detached from the ground by simply the Velcro connection or the magnetic connection is overcome by muscle power. According to the exemplary embodiment shown, the connection layer 104 is attached over the entire surface of the entire underside of the wear layer 102. For example, a magnetic mat may be bonded as a bonding layer 104 to an underside of the wear layer 102.

As in Fig. 1 can be seen, the structure of the surface laying unit 100 is very simple, since it has only the wear layer 102, the protective coating 106 and the bonding layer 104, but otherwise no other components and yet can be placed directly on a substrate to form the flooring finished.

The wear layer 102 may be made of solid or solid wood, for example. It can be dimensioned in its thickness d so that it is suitable for a usage cycle and should be replaced after this use. In its thickness d, it can alternatively be dimensioned such that it can be ground off, for example, before it should be exchanged after renewed wear. Thus, the thickness of the wear layer 102 may be substantially less than conventional two- or three-layer parquet.

In Fig. 1 is indicated by dashed lines that a side surface of the wear layer 102 at least partially (according to Fig. 1 only along half of the circumference) can be provided with the connection structure 104, so that laterally adjoining surface laying units 100 are laterally interconnected by means of the connection structure 104 in the installed state.

Fig. 2 shows an underground laying unit 200. This may, for example, together with the in Fig. 1 shown surface laying unit 100 can be used. The underground laying unit 200 is for laying on a ground (not shown in FIG Fig. 2 ) with other underground laying units 200 of the same type. In particular, this can be used as a support for the surface laying units 100 according to FIG Fig. 1 serve.

The underground laying unit 200 has a stability layer 202 of a thickness b of, for example, 15 mm. The stability layer 202 may be made of solid wood and is configured to stabilize a surface laying unit 100 attachable above the stability layer 202.

Furthermore, on a top side of the underground laying unit 200, a connecting structure 104 is glued directly to the stability layer 202 is attached. The bonding layer 104 is configured to bond to the bonding layer 104 of the surface laying unit 100. In other words, the bonding layers 104 formed as magnetic mats are formed on the wear layer and the stability layer 202 so as to magnetically attract each other.

Therefore, the surface laying unit 100 need only be laid on the underground laying unit 200 already laid on a ground. Furthermore, in Fig. 2 that an additional connection layer 104 is shown attached to an underside of the underground laying unit 200 opposite the upper side. This is optional. The further bonding layer 104 is attached to an underside of a back veneering layer 204, that is, a thin wood layer bonded between the further bonding layer 104 and the stability layer 202. The Gegenzugsfurnierschicht 204 serves to reduce impact sound when the parquet is laid and can reduce the mechanical stresses that they can form in the laid parquet to reduce. With the optional further connecting structure 104 on a lower side of the counterfoam veneer layer 204, a connection of the lower side of the underground laying unit 200 to an on-site background can be further improved.

In Fig. 2 is indicated by dashed lines that a side surface of the stability layer 202 and / or the Gegenzugfurnierschicht 204 at least partially (according to Fig. 2 along the entire circumference) is provided with the connecting structure 104, so that in the installed state laterally adjacent underground laying units 200 are connected to each other laterally by means of the connecting structure 104.

Fig. 3 shows a parquet floor 310, which is laid on a screed substrate 300.

An array 320 is obtained by first forming a plurality of underground laying units 200 as shown in FIG Fig. 2 shown to be laid on the screed substrate 300. If necessary, the screed substrate 300 may be provided with a bonding layer 104, for example a magnetic mat. This can be magnetically attracted to the formed as a magnetic mat connecting layer 104 on an underside of the underground laying units 200 are provided. After the underground laying units 200 have been laid on the screed concrete floor 300 equipped with the magnetic mat 104, individual surface laying units 100 can subsequently be placed. Again, the bonding layers 104, 104 formed as magnetic mats are attractively formed at an interface between surface laying units 100 and underground laying units 200. This will make the in Fig. 3 shown arrangement 320 received.

Instead of the screed concrete floor 300, any other suitable substrate (for example tiles, parquet, screed, wooden ceiling, asphalts, etc.) can also be used.

For example, if a surface laying unit 100 is worn or damaged on the surface, it can be easily detached by manually overcoming the attractive magnetic force between the magnetic mats 104, 104 between a surface laying unit 100 and a subterranean laying unit 200 respectively contacted therewith. Then, another surface laying unit 100 can be easily used. This is tool-free, non-destructive and possible with little effort, with the underlying and possibly still intact underground laying units 200 can remain installed unchanged. Should an underground laying unit 200 be damaged, they may be placed over it Surface laying units 100 are removed in the meantime, the damaged underground laying unit 200 are also removed accordingly and are replaced by a flawless other underground laying unit 200. Then just the surface laying units 100 can be placed again, so that the replacement of individual underground laying units 200 is possible with very little effort.

Fig. 3 1 shows, in one dimension, that the surface laying units 100 and the underground laying units 200 have mutually offset connecting edges to respectively adjacent surface laying units 100 and underground laying units 200, resulting in a bum-free and therefore mechanically particularly stable configuration.

Fig. 4 shows parquet 400, which is particularly simple.

Contrary to an arrangement according to the invention, individual surface laying units 100 are simply placed on an on-site substrate 300 with connecting mat 104 (for example magnetic mat) attached thereto. In such an arrangement not according to the invention, it is also possible to omit the connecting mat 104 at the top of the substrate 300, for example when the bonding layers 104 on the underside of the surface laying units 100 consist of a multiple adhesive layer (for example double-sided adhesive tape) or a slip mat or arrangement of suction cups are formed, so do not need a counterpart.

Fig. 5 shows parquet 530 according to an embodiment of the invention in the laid state. According to Fig. 5 It is shown that the underground laying unit 540 used there according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention at side edges grooves 542 and 542 have corresponding springs 5544, so that adjacent underground laying units 540 to form a tongue and groove connection (other types of compounds are also possible) can be easily attached to each other. It is further shown that recesses 504 may be provided in the form of air ducts or cable channels at the bottom and / or top of the underground laying units 540, thus further increasing the functionality of the parquet 530.

Fig. 6 shows a plan view of an underside of a surface laying unit, wherein the individual connection structures 104, for example individual magnetic mat strips, only a part of the in Fig. 6 Cover the main surface of the surface laying unit shown. As a result, costs for the magnetic mats can be saved. Also, a thermal coupling through the surface laying units can be improved, which can be advantageous if a floor heating is to be laid under the parquet.

Fig. 7 shows a bottom of a surface laying unit, in which a bottom of a wear layer 102 is covered with a structured magnetic mat 104. As a result, the costs can also be reduced and, at the same time, the cohesion of the individual magnet structures can be further improved.

Measures according to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 can also be used in arrangements according to the invention.

Fig. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of a surface laying unit 1100, which is designed as a turning parquet. In this case, the surface laying unit 1100 has a further wear layer 102 which separates the wear layer 102 by the connection structure 104 is arranged opposite, so that the surface laying unit 1100 is designed as a turning surface.

The surface laying unit 1100 includes two cover layers 102 with a magnetic mat 104 in the middle. Thus, the parquet can be laid on both sides. For example, each page has a different surface, color etc. In Fig. 8 the two wear layers 102, 102 are shown with the same thickness d. However, it is also possible to provide the two layers 102, 102 of different thicknesses. Clearly, the force of the magnetic mat 104 through the two wood layer then 102 through. For this reason, it may be advantageous to form the thickness d in a size between 1 mm and 5 mm, in particular in a size between 2 mm and 4 mm.

Fig. 9 shows an assembly 1200, wherein surface laying units of magnetic mat 104 and wear layer 102 are laid on horizontal surfaces of stairs 1202 a staircase, which are covered with magnetic mats 104 as connecting layers.

Fig. 10 shows another arrangement of a surface laying unit 100 (with the features described above, see, for example Fig. 3 ) and an underground laying unit 200 (having the above-described features, see for example Fig. 3 ) formed together as a double floor laying unit 1300. In this case, supports 1302 between the substrate and the underground laying unit 200 are used as spacers. The surface laying unit 100 is detachably and replaceably mounted on the underground laying unit 200. In the space between the substrate and the underground laying unit 200 maintained by means of the supports 1302, any functional elements may be accommodated, such as empty tubes 1304, electric cables 1306, etc.

By means of the pillars 1302 as a spacer structure, a void can be formed between a lower-side layer 1308 of the underground laying unit 200 and the ground, and thus the underside layer 1308 can be kept spaced from the ground in the laid state of the underground laying unit 200.

Under a raised floor, in this context, a second floor, i. spaced from, understood the actual underground of the room. As a result, each point of the room below the double floor remains accessible at all times. As a result, a raised floor is particularly suitable for rooms with frequent changes to the installations and if the installations are to be quickly accessible at all times.

Fig. 11 shows another arrangement 14 of double floor laying units 1300 according to Fig. 10 , In Fig. 11 Further functional elements in the form of electrical appliances 1400 are shown which can be electrically supplied or interconnected by means of the electric cables 1306.

Fig. 12 FIG. 12 shows a cross-sectional view of a surface laying unit 1500 having a near-surface acoustic damping layer 110.

In the surface laying unit 1500, in turn, a wear layer 1502 is provided. This wear layer 1502 has a hard covering layer 102, 106 of thickness d (see Fig. 1 ) and a sound attenuating layer 110 directly attached to an underside of the hard coat layer 102, 106 and configured to attenuate sound when the hard facing layer 102, 106 is loaded with a sound generating load. Fig. 12 shows that the hard covering layer 102 is formed as a surface layer.

The hard covering layer 102, 106 is a surface layer made of surface-coated (coated) solid wood. That is, the hard facing layer 102, 106 forms the surface of the subfloor when the surface laying unit 1500 is laid. In other words, a user sets his foot 180 when entering the parquet in the laid state directly on the hard covering layer 102, 106. The hard covering layer 102, 106 has the thickness d of 3 mm in this embodiment. In addition, a continuous foam layer as Schalldämpfschicht 110 is attached directly to the underside of the hard lining layer 102, 106. This is designed to attenuate generated acoustic waves or sound or to suppress further development of sound generated by applying a footing stress on the hard covering layer 102, 106. So if a user places the surface laying unit 1500, laid on one in Fig. 12 not shown, enters, so it can lead to a development of sound waves. Due to the provision of the hardfacing layer 102, 106 with the said small thickness, a movement of a user on the surface laying unit 1500 causes the hardfacing layer 102, 106 to be markedly bent, thus avoiding a corresponding load. This effect is combined with a corresponding compression, generating a restoring force, the Schalldämpfschicht 110. The combination of these two effects, as measurements have been made by the Applicant, to a significant suppression of the developed sound and thus a low-impact parquet laying unit 1500.

The hard covering layer 102, 106 consists of a single-material wood layer 102 in this embodiment, which is covered on the surface side with a layer of protective lacquer (or oil) 106. The protective varnish (or oil) 106 is a highly elastic varnish on the surface of the surface laying unit 1500, which is exposed to the direct exertion of mechanical and chemical influences.

This paint is configured to follow the leveling motion of the thin wood layer 102 elastically (i.e., without breaking or plastic deformation) and to shield mechanical impacts on the surface of the hard facing layer 102, 106 from the wood layer 102.
Fig. 13 shows a surface laying unit 1600, in which a Schalldämpfschicht 110 of a glass fiber mat 110b is formed as a stabilization sublayer and a foam layer 110a as a damping sublayer. The foam layer 110a may be glued, in particular glued, to the glass fiber mat 110b. alternative to Fig. 13 For example, the foam layer 110a may be disposed on the upper side and the glass fiber mat 110b on the underside.
The glass fiber mat 110b has a function of stabilizing the wood layer 102 upon continued work (ie, continued gentle movement) of the wood layer 102 after the laying of the surface laying unit 1600. Illustratively, the glass fiber mat 110b blocks the wood layer 102, ie, reduces or prevents this work.
For producing the composite of the glass fiber mat 110b and the foam layer 110a, liquid adhesive may be applied to the underside of the wood layer 102. After placing the glass fiber mat 110b and then the foam layer 110a on the underside of the wood layer 102, the liquid adhesive first penetrates the glass fiber mat 110b and then the foam layer 110a and thus provides an intimate connection of these components.
Fig. 14 shows a further surface laying unit 1700 according to the invention, in which between a hard lining layer 102, 106 and a magnetic mat 104 as a connecting layer, a glass fiber mat 1702 as Stabilization layer is arranged. The latter can absorb or suppress forces of the wood of the wood layer 102, if this works.

In addition, it should be noted that "having" does not exclude other elements or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude a multitude. It should also be appreciated that features or steps described with reference to any of the above embodiments may also be used in combination with other features or steps of other embodiments described above. Reference signs in the claims are not to be considered as limiting.

Claims (6)

1. System (320) for forming a covering, in particular a parquet floor (310), on an underground (300), wherein the system (320) has the following:

   a plurality of underground laying units (200), which are layable on the underground (300) and connectable to the underground (300) for jointly covering the underground (300);

   wherein an underground laying unit (200) has:

   a board-type rigid stability layer (202) for stabilizing a surface laying unit (100) that is attachable above the stability layer (202); and

   a connection structure (104), which is attached on an upper side of the underground laying unit (200), and which is configured for reversibly and non-destructively releasably connecting to the surface laying unit (100);

   wherein a bottom side, that is opposite to an upper side, of the underground laying unit (200) is configured for connecting to the underground (300);

   a plurality of surface laying unit (100), which are provided separately from the underground laying units (200) and are configured for covering the laid underground laying units (200), wherein the surface laying unit (100) has:

   a wear layer (102), wherein the wear layer (102) has a thickness in the range between 0,5 mm and 4 mm, and is formed as a board;

   a further connection structure (104), which is arranged directly on a bottom side of the wear layer (102), and which is configured for reversibly and non-destructively releasably connecting to the underground laying units (200);

   characterized in that

   a first lateral surface of the stability layer (202) has a first engagement element and a second lateral surface of the stability layer (202) has a second engagement element, which is complementary to the first engagement element, wherein the first engagement element is connectable to a corresponding second engagement element, and the second engagement element is connectable to a corresponding first engagement element of corresponding underground laying units (200).
2. System (320) according to claim 1, wherein the surface laying unit (1600, 1700) has a stabilization structure (110b, 1702) for stabilizing the wear layer (1502), in particular for receiving forces exerted by a wood layer (102) of the wear layer (1502).
3. System (320) according to claim 1, wherein the surface laying unit (100) further has a further wear layer (102), which is arranged opposite to the wear layer (102) separated by the further connection structure (104), such that the surface laying unit (1100) is implemented as a turn-over covering.
4. Method for laying a system according to claim 1 for forming a covering, in particular a parquet floor (310), on an underground (300), wherein the method has the following:

   covering the underground (300), in particular an underground (300) of a building, with the plurality of underground laying units (200) by connecting the bottom sides of the underground laying units (200) to the underground (300); and

   covering the laid underground laying units (200) with the plurality of suface laying units (100) by releasably connecting the upper sides of the underground laying units (200) to the bottom sides of the surface laying units (100) by the connection structure (104) and the further connection structure (104);

   wherein the connection structure (104) and the further connection structure (104) are configured for reversibly and non-destructively releasably connecting the surface laying units (100) to the underground laying units (200), and

   characterized in that

   the first engagement element is connected to a corresponding second engagement element and the second engagement element is connected to a corresponding first engagement element of corresponding underground laying units (200).
5. Method according to claim 4, wherein after the laying at least a part of the surface laying units (100) is released from at least a part of the underground laying units (200), and the released part of the surface laying units (100) is replaced by other surface laying units (100).
6. Method according to claim 4, wherein the releasing is performed by a user manually, in particular toollessly.

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