EP2703611B1 - Dispositif de chauffage de fluide et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de chauffage de fluide - Google Patents

Dispositif de chauffage de fluide et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de chauffage de fluide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2703611B1
EP2703611B1 EP20130182335 EP13182335A EP2703611B1 EP 2703611 B1 EP2703611 B1 EP 2703611B1 EP 20130182335 EP20130182335 EP 20130182335 EP 13182335 A EP13182335 A EP 13182335A EP 2703611 B1 EP2703611 B1 EP 2703611B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
heat
section
heating
conducting element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20130182335
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2703611A1 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Dr. Prokop
Sven Dehrmann
Mathias Proner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DBK David and Baader GmbH
Original Assignee
DBK David and Baader GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DBK David and Baader GmbH filed Critical DBK David and Baader GmbH
Publication of EP2703611A1 publication Critical patent/EP2703611A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2703611B1 publication Critical patent/EP2703611B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0455—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil with a de-icing or defrosting system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0472—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil using heating means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fluid heater, in particular a blowby heater, with a heating element having a fluid line. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing such a fluid heater.
  • blow-by gases occur in the crankcase.
  • a crankcase ventilation is provided. This leads the blowby gases usually via a vent line into an intake tract of the internal combustion engine.
  • a fluid heater is used in order to avoid icing of the vent line at low temperatures, for example in winter.
  • such a fluid heater In the EP 1 164 264 B1 such a fluid heater is disclosed.
  • This has an aluminum tube as a heat conducting element, which forms a line section of a connectable to the fluid heater vent line.
  • a heating element For heating fluid flowing through the aluminum tube, a heating element is fastened on its outer circumferential surface via an adhesive connection.
  • This is a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heating element.
  • the unit made of aluminum tube and heating element is further plastic-molded.
  • the publication EP 1 375 997 B1 discloses another embodiment of a fluid heater.
  • This has a fluid conduit made of aluminum, in which a shaft is provided.
  • a heating element is used, which is comprised of a holding device made of an electrically insulating material, such as plastic. Via the heating element, the fluid line is heated, which then releases the heat to a fluid flowing through the fluid line, in particular a blow-by gas.
  • a fluid space and a heating space are thus separated from one another.
  • heat must therefore be conducted from the heating element via its holding device to the fluid line used as the heat-conducting element.
  • the holding device in this case forms a comparatively high thermal resistance, which is why the heating element has to be operated at a high power in order to be able to dissipate sufficient heat from the heating element to the fluid line.
  • the heat-conducting element releases heat to the fluid flowing through or blow-by gas substantially over its entire length. Since icing usually occurs only at a specific point in the fluid path between the crankcase and the intake tract, in particular at a point of introduction into the intake tract, an extremely strong heating of the heat conducting element must take place so that it heats up enough heat to the risk of icing Can deliver fluid paths. Such a fluid heater thus has a high energy requirement.
  • the above-described fluid heaters have a high weight, in particular by the use of an aluminum alloy for diecasting, high production costs and high material costs. Instead of aluminum also the costly and heavy material copper can be used.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a fluid heater, which is inexpensive, has a low weight and / or has a low electrical energy consumption. Another object of the invention is to provide a low cost method of manufacturing a fluid heater.
  • a fluid heater or a heater or a blowby heater has a fluid line which, in particular as a line connector, is inserted in a fluid path between a crankcase and an intake tract of an internal combustion engine.
  • the fluid heater may also be provided for other purposes, such as a heater for a diesel fuel or as a heater in an SCR (Selective Catalytic Reaction) fluid path. It is also conceivable to use the fluid heater as a heater of fluid paths of a component flowing around a fluid, wherein the component may be a part, for example a bearing of a wind turbine and the fluid flowing around the component, a lubricating oil.
  • a heating element in particular a PTC heating element, is arranged in the fluid line.
  • the fluid line has a heat conduction path or more heat conduction paths made of thermally conductive plastic, directed to the heat, in particular to a flowing fluid into the fluid line and / or at a certain portion of the fluid line can be discharged.
  • the solution according to the invention can, for example, guide the heat via the heat conduction path as close as possible to this area. If, for example, the region prone to icing lies downstream of the fluid heater, the heat can be emitted in a defined manner to fluid or blow-by gas flowing out of the fluid heater become.
  • the fluid heater additionally or alternatively directly heats adjacent components, such as, for example, a fluid line connected to the fluid heater.
  • the heating element can be arranged at a distance from the region of the fluid heater to be heated by the fluid heater according to the invention, without having to increase the power of the heating element. This follows from the fact that, as already explained above, not the entire fluid heater needs to be heated, but the heat is directed over the heat conduction path from the heat source, ie from the heating element, to the area to be heated. A loss of heat is thereby extremely low.
  • the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive plastic is achieved for example by additives or additives in the plastic.
  • additives or additives in the plastic typically, graphite, copper, aluminum, and / or ceramic based additives are used.
  • the fluid line has a thermally insulating or heat-insulating fluid line section.
  • the heat conduction path is then formed by a thermally conductive fluid conduit section in the form of a heat conducting element for conducting heat from the heating element to a heat supply region of the fluid conduit.
  • the fluid line thus essentially has a heat conduction path which is surrounded by thermally insulating material. The heat loss of the fluid heater is advantageously extremely low due to the thermally insulating fluid line section.
  • the heat-conducting element is at least partially covered by the thermally insulating fluid line section, which advantageously consists of thermally insulating plastic.
  • the fluid line has an extremely low weight due to the existing heat-conducting plastic element and the existing plastic thermally insulating fluid line section. In addition, overall material costs are extremely low compared to the prior art.
  • the heat conducting element has a heat stretching section and a heat feeding section.
  • the heat path section may be delimited from the thermally insulating fluid line section at least in sections or completely relative to a fluid flowing through the fluid line.
  • the thermal stretch section is substantially completely delimited by the fluid flowing through the fluid line.
  • the heat stretch section is arranged, for example, for the partial flow around within a fluid channel. In this case, it is conceivable that it adjoins or is connected to a wall forming the fluid channel and is thermally insulated in this area by the insulating fluid line section. Alternatively, the heat stretching section may be arranged at least in sections or completely spaced from the fluid channel.
  • the heat stretch section may extend approximately along the fluid channel, the heating element and the heat supply section being spaced from one another in the direction of the fluid channel.
  • the heating element, the heat stretching section and the heat supply section can be arranged in this case in the direction of the fluid channel approximately in a row one behind the other.
  • the heat stretch section can be made extremely compact by being approximately radially spaced from the fluid channel and extends in the circumferential direction of the fluid channel sections thereof. As a result, a wall of the fluid channel and the heat recovery section can be separated from each other.
  • the heat stretch section is approximately cylindrical, finger-shaped, branch-shaped, pin-shaped or plug-shaped. It is also conceivable that he limits a cavity.
  • a production of the fluid heater can be extremely cost-effective, for example by the heat-conducting element being produced by the plastic tip casting method and subsequently injection-molded by the thermally insulating fluid line section in the plastic injection molding process.
  • the heating element can then be encapsulated either by the heat conducting element and / or the thermally insulating fluid line section in the plastic injection molding process or retrofitted. It has proved to be advantageous to use a multi-component method, in particular a two-component method, as the plastic injection molding method.
  • the heat-conducting element can serve in plastic injection molding, in particular together with the heating element as a pre-molded part.
  • the plastic for the thermally insulating fluid line section is advantageously commercially available polyamide, for example PA4.6 or PA6.6.
  • a material bond can be achieved between the heat-conducting element and the thermally insulating fluid line section, as a result of which the fluid heater has a high strength and impermeability.
  • plastics are used with an approximately same base material.
  • coefficients of expansion of the different plastics are then similar, as a result of which leaks in the fluid heater are largely avoided.
  • An approximation of the expansion coefficients can also be made possible by the introduction of thermally insulating fillers in commercial polyamide.
  • the heat-conducting element extends from the heating element to a fluid path of the fluid line in order to heat a fluid flowing through the fluid line.
  • the heat-conducting element may extend as far as an interface of the fluid heater to which a component which can be connected to the fluid heater, for example an intake tract, can be arranged or adjacent. Heat is thus supplied to the fluid and / or the adjacent component such that no icing occurs and additionally low heat losses are present.
  • the heat-conducting element can have an at least partially or completely annular heat distribution section at least partially or completely encompassing the heat supply region of the fluid line.
  • the heat distribution section can be arranged at the end of the fluid line and / or form an end section of the fluid line and / or an end side of the fluid line. If the heat distribution section forms an end section and / or an end side, then in a simple manner additional heat can be emitted to the component adjacent to the fluid line.
  • the heat-conducting element and the thermally insulating line section are advantageously configured in such a way that together they delimit the fluid path of the fluid line.
  • interfaces for connecting to further fluid paths are formed on the thermally insulating line section of the fluid line.
  • interfaces are provided in order to connect the fluid line to the crankcase and / or the intake tract of the internal combustion engine.
  • the thermally conductive fluid line section that is to say the heat-conducting element, can be designed such that it has a low thermal resistance.
  • An interface serves, for example, as a fluid inlet of fluid flowing from the crankcase and may be designed as a quick coupling, which is connected to a counter element of a fluid line or the crankcase.
  • the further interface may be provided as a fluid outlet for discharging fluid to the intake tract.
  • This interface has, for example, several annular Radial projections, which form a so-called "fir-tree structure" and can engage in a counter-structure.
  • the interface can for example be pressed into a counter-structure.
  • a detachable connection would also be conceivable to provide a molded or mounted bayonet lock.
  • the connecting portion for electrical contacting is then formed either integrally with the thermally insulating line section or by a fixable component.
  • the fixation can advantageously also on the thermally insulating line section by a cohesive connection, such as a welded connection, or by a positive connection, for example, a clip connection done.
  • the heating element can be arranged at a distance from the interfaces serving for the fluid connection of the fluid heater in the fluid heater, whereby the heat can then be guided through the heat conduction path to at least one interface.
  • the heat-conducting element can have a pocket for this purpose.
  • contact elements in the form of contact plates, which serve for making electrical contact with the heating element. So that one or a plurality of heating elements firmly abuts the heat conducting element and / or the contact plate, a spring element can be provided. It would also be conceivable, instead of an additional spring element, that the contact plates resilient are configured or have a resilient portion.
  • the contact sheets may also be formed with contact lugs, which are led out of the fluid line, in particular in the region of the interface for electrical contacting.
  • heating element is completely encapsulated together with the heat-conducting element of the thermally insulating fluid line section.
  • resilient elements could be omitted here.
  • heating element PTC, heating wire or heating foil
  • the heating element could be molded directly with the thermally conductive plastic.
  • the unit formed from heating element and heat conducting element is then encapsulated in a second step with insulating plastic.
  • the heating element to be glued or soldered as a PTC heating element with the contact elements.
  • the heating element could be used in the form of a heating wire or a heating foil.
  • the heat-conducting element Before the encapsulation with the thermally insulating line section, the heat-conducting element can be adhesively bonded to the heating element, or, if it is a heating wire, to be wound around the heat-conducting element.
  • the heat-conducting element may preferably have, in addition to the annular heat distribution section, a, in particular rod-shaped, heat stretch section, which is embedded in particular in the thermally insulating line section.
  • the heat stretching section preferably extends between the heating element and the heat distributing section.
  • a heating element is assigned to a respective thermal stretch section.
  • the heat stretching section may have a contact surface for the heating element at its end section.
  • the contact surface then has, for example, about the size of the heating element or the contact sheet, whereby a large Heat transfer area is created. If a pocket is provided in the heat-conducting element, then this can be formed by two contact surfaces extending approximately parallel to one another. It is then advantageous that the heating element, for example a PTC heating element, can deliver its heat in two directions to walls of the pocket, the heat then being conducted further over the heat stretching section.
  • one or more further components threatening to freeze such as a valve and / or a sensor, may be provided, to which the one or another heat conduction path leads from the heating element.
  • the valve is designed as a seat valve with a closing body or as a diaphragm valve with a membrane.
  • the heat-conducting element can then form a valve seat for the closing body, whereby thus on the one hand the valve seat and on the other hand the closing body can be supplied with heat in a system on the valve seat.
  • An icing of the valve in particular a freezing of the membrane on the valve seat, for example due to icing condensation, and a resulting interruption of fluid flow, which can lead to a pressure increase in the crankcase with corresponding consequences, is hereby avoided.
  • valve is designed as a check valve, then this can be arranged, for example, such that a fluid flow from the intake tract in the direction of the crankcase is prevented.
  • the heat-conducting element with the heating element in the fluid path at least partially, in particular arranged umströmbar.
  • the heating element is advantageously covered by the heat-conducting element, whereby it is protected from the aggressive blow-by gas.
  • the heat-conducting element may, for example, be designed and arranged in the fluid path such that it divides the fluid path into two parallel fluid paths.
  • the heat element can at least in sections on the thermally insulating Abut fluid line section, wherein in the contact area electrical lines can be performed for contacting the heating element.
  • a plurality of heating elements in particular two, may be provided in the fluid heater. From a respective heating element can then lead away at least one heat traction section.
  • the fluid line additionally or alternatively heat transfer paths made of metal, such as aluminum or copper, or in the form of a heat pipe.
  • heat transfer paths made of metal, such as aluminum or copper, or in the form of a heat pipe.
  • Such a heat conduction path could transport heat over long distances with little loss.
  • the fluid heater according to the invention now offers the advantage here that for the fluid heater for hot countries of the pre-molded part, in particular the heat-conducting element, for example made of cheaper polyamide without thermally conductive equipment can be produced and is then encapsulated with polyamide.
  • the heat-conducting element for example made of cheaper polyamide without thermally conductive equipment can be produced and is then encapsulated with polyamide.
  • a heat-conducting element made of cost-effective, in particular non-thermally conductive, plastic, for example polyamide be provided for hot countries or a heat conducting element made of thermally conductive plastic for cold countries.
  • the heating element can subsequently be inserted after the further fluid-line section around the heat-conducting element has been overmoulded.
  • the bag can then be closed to the outside, for example, with an additional plastic part, which forms, for example, the interface for electrical contact.
  • an additional plastic part which forms, for example, the interface for electrical contact.
  • this may be arranged on or in the heat-conducting element before encapsulation. It would be conceivable that the heating element is encapsulated by the heat conducting element or connected to this in another way.
  • the heat-conducting element is then together with the heating element from the further fluid line section of thermally insulating plastic overmolded, whereby contact lugs remain freely accessible for electrical contacting of the heating element. From the fluid line section with the thermally insulating plastic all interfaces are then formed during the injection molding process.
  • the fluid heater 1 has an approximately tubular fluid line 2 with interfaces 4 and 6 arranged substantially coaxially with respect to one another FIG. 1 right-hand interface 4 has an inlet opening for blowing-in gas flowing into the fluid heater 1.
  • the other interface 6 has an outlet opening 8 from which blowby gas is discharged from the fluid heater 1.
  • the input-side interface 4 can be connected to a crankcase, not shown, of an internal combustion engine either directly or via a fluid line, for which purpose a part of a quick coupling is formed on the interface 4.
  • the part of the quick coupling is a radial projection 10, which is formed circumferentially on an approximately a circular cylindrical cross-section having outer circumferential surface 12 of the interface 4.
  • the radial projection 10 is configured approximately frusto-conical and tapers in a direction away from the second output-side interface 6. Due to the frusto-conical configuration of the radial projection 10 has an annular end face 14 which is engageable behind by a mating connector of the crankcase or the other fluid line for connecting.
  • the output-side interface 6 has a "fir-tree structure". For this purpose, at an approximately a circular cylindrical cross-section having outer circumferential surface 16 of the interface 6 arranged one behind the other and axially spaced from each other slightly spaced circumferential radial projections 18 are provided. These are each frusto-conical shaped according to the radial projection 10 and taper in a direction away from the input-side interface 4.
  • the interface 6 with its radial projections 18 can be introduced into a counter-structure of an intake tract of the internal combustion engine, which can be done for example by pressing.
  • a connecting portion 20 is provided on the fluid line 2, in which a in the FIG. 1 not shown heating element of the fluid heater 1 is arranged.
  • This has an approximately cuboidal section 22 or an approximately cuboid plastic part whose large surfaces are arranged in the region of the tubular fluid line 2 and extend approximately perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the fluid line 2.
  • From a formed between the large surfaces side surface 24 of the portion 22 of a connector housing 26 extends approximately radially away from the fluid line 2. This forms a further interface, which is used for electrical contacting of the heating element.
  • In the connector housing 26 are also approximately radially to the fluid line 2 extending contact lugs 28, 30 for electrically contacting the in the FIG. 1 not shown heating element provided.
  • the interface 4 is slightly shorter in the axial direction than the interface 6, whereby the connecting portion 20, which is arranged between the interfaces 4 and 6, is slightly offset from the center of the fluid line 2 is formed.
  • the portion 22 of the connecting portion 20 in the radial direction, ie in the direction of the contact lugs 28 and 30 from FIG. 1 seen, compared to the diameter of the fluid line 2 has a smaller width. It is designed such that the fluid line 2 that its side surface 24 extends approximately tangentially to the fluid line 2 and is slightly spaced therefrom in the radial direction.
  • the fluid heater 1 has a first fluid line section 32 and a second fluid line section 34.
  • first fluid line section 32 consists of thermally insulating or heat-insulating plastic.
  • the plastic is, for example, inexpensive PA4.6 or PA6.6.
  • the interfaces 4 and 6 and the connecting section 20 are formed.
  • the first fluid line section 32 then surrounds the second fluid line section 34, which is designed as a heat conducting element 34.
  • the heat-conducting element 34 consists of thermally conductive or thermally conductive plastic.
  • the thermal conductivity is achieved by additives in the plastic, with additives being used for example on graphite, copper, aluminum or ceramic base.
  • the heating elements 36 and 38 are formed as PTC semiconductors, each of which between two contact plates 40, of which in the sake of simplicity in the FIG. 3 only one is provided with a reference numeral, inserted into the heat-conducting element 34.
  • the heating elements 36 and 38 are electrically contacted.
  • the heat conduction member 34 forms a heat conduction path for dissipating heat from the heating elements 36 and 38 and directed to a desired area or heat supply area of the fluid heater 1.
  • the heat-conducting element 34 has two in parallel distance from one another and in the longitudinal direction of the fluid line 2 FIG. 3 extending heat strip sections 41 and 42, which have an approximately circular cylindrical cross-section substantially.
  • a respective heat stretching section 41 and 42 has at the end in the region of the connecting portion 20, see FIG. 3
  • Each pocket 44 and 46 is formed by two parallel spaced plates 48, 50 and 52, 54, respectively.
  • the plates 48 to 54 are substantially rectangular in shape and have a size which corresponds approximately to the size of a respective heating element 36 and 38.
  • the plates 48, 50 and 52, 54 extend to the output-side interface 6th
  • the pockets 44 and 46 formed from the plates 48, 50 and 52, 54 each define an approximately cuboid heating chamber, whereby the heating elements 36 and 38 can be used together with their contact plates 40 flush in this.
  • the heat strip sections 41 and 42 each open with their leading away from the pockets 44 and 46 end portion in an annular heat distribution section 57.
  • This has an approximately a circular cylindrical cross-section having a portion of an interface forming outer circumferential surface 59, whose diameter is about the diameter of the fluid line 2, see FIG. 3 , corresponds to what he forms flush with this an outer circumferential surface.
  • the heat distribution portion 57 according to FIG. 4 a face surface 60 forming a portion of the interface, which is shown in FIG FIG. 3 the end face of the fluid heater 1 forms and extends approximately transversely to the longitudinal axis of the fluid line 2. With its inner circumferential surface 62, the heat distribution section 57 defines a fluid channel 64, see FIG.
  • the first thermally insulating fluid line section 32 has an inner lateral surface 66 formed in cross section corresponding to the inner lateral surface 62 of the heat distributing section 57, see FIG FIG. 1 ,
  • the inner circumferential surfaces 62 and 66 of the heat distribution section 57 and of the first fluid conduit section 32 are configured in an approximately 8-shape and are arranged flush with one another. Due to the 8-shaped configuration of the inner circumferential surface 62 of the sauceleitelements 34 according to FIG. 4 has this two radially inwardly widened portions 68 and 70. Of these extend approximately perpendicular to the heat path sections 41 and 42th
  • the first fluid line section 32 has according to FIG. 3 through the 8-shaped configuration of its inner circumferential surface, see FIG. 1 , also two widening sections 72, 74 extending in the axial direction.
  • the heat stretching sections 41, 42 of the heat conducting element 34 then extend FIG. 3 is completely comprised of the first fluid conduit section 32 except for the heat distribution section 57.
  • the first fluid conduit section 32 is thermally insulating, heat emitted by the heating elements 36 and 38 may be directed across the heat path sections 41, 42 FIG. 4 , are conducted to the heat distribution section 56 and in particular on the inner circumferential surface 62 to the Fluid heater 1 are discharged via the fluid channel 64 flowing through blow-by gas.
  • heat can be dissipated via the outer circumferential surface 59 and the end surface 60 of the heat distribution section 57 and thus directed to a component connected to the fluid line 2 via the output-side interface 6, such as a component of the intake tract.
  • the fluid heater 1 Due to the configuration of the fluid heater 1 with a first fluid line section 32 made of thermally insulating plastic and a second fluid line section or heat conducting element 34 made of thermally conductive plastic, uncontrolled release of heat to the surrounding the fluid heater 1 environment can be largely avoided. Heat can thus be directed via the heat-conducting element 34 to where it is needed, for example to prevent ice formation.
  • the heating elements 36 and 38 can be arranged between the interfaces 4 and 6 and thus directly at the interface 20, where they can be electrically contacted in a very short path. The heat is then conducted through the heat-conducting element 34 essentially without loss in the direction of the interface 6.
  • the heating elements 36 and 38 are in the fluid heater 1 according to FIG. 3 in the area of the cuboid portion 22, see also FIG. 1 , the connecting portion 20.
  • This section 22 has a greater material thickness than the rest of the fluid heater 1, whereby an extremely high thermal insulation is created here.
  • the fluid heater 1 is shown in a further side view.
  • the example in cross-section elliptical configuration of the plug housing 26 of the connecting portion 20 can be seen.
  • FIG. 6 in which the cross section of the fluid heater 1 along the section line BB FIG. 5 is shown, an arrangement of the heat pipe sections 41, 42 within the first fluid line section 32 can be seen. It can be seen that these extend in the widened sections 72 and 74.
  • the fluid heater 1 is produced by plastic injection molding.
  • the heat conduction member 34 according to FIG. 3 manufactured as a preform by the plastic injection molding.
  • the 2-component plastic injection molding method it is advantageously possible to create a material-locking connection between the heat-conducting element 34 and the first fluid line section 32.
  • the pockets 44 and 46 are made FIG. 4 still accessible from the outside.
  • the contact plates 40 may be integrally formed with the contact lugs 28 and 30, respectively.
  • a plastic part 22 forming the portion 22 is then provided, which is formed as part of the connecting portion 20. This is then material, form, and / or non-positively connected to the first fluid line section 32.
  • a weld ultrasonic, friction or mirror welding
  • For positive connection is used for example a clip closure.
  • clip closure is conceivable that the connecting portion 20 is arranged with the plastic portion 22 detachably on the fluid line 2.
  • a suitable seal, z. B. by means of a molded seal.
  • the heating elements 36 and 38 together with their contact plates 40 according to FIG. 3 are fixedly disposed in the pockets 44 and 46 and substantially completely abut the plates 48 to 54, thus large heat transfer surfaces are created, it is advantageous to use these with a bias in the pockets 44 and 46, respectively.
  • the bias voltage can be achieved, for example, by an additional spring element or by the contact plates 40 are designed to be resilient overall or have resilient portions.
  • the first fluid line section 32 is produced together with the connecting section 20 together with the plug housing 26 in the plastic injection molding process. It is necessary that the heating elements 36 and 38 are used together with their contact plates 40 before encapsulation in the heat-conducting element 34.
  • the heating elements 36 and 38 can in this case be glued or soldered to the contact plates 40.
  • the heating elements 36 and 38 are then arranged extremely firmly and over a large area in the pockets 44 and 46, whereby additional spring elements can be obsolete.
  • the fluidic interfaces 4, 6 and the plug housing 26 are thus produced by the plastic injection molding method in one method step.
  • heating elements are designed as heating wires or heating foils. If the heating element is designed as a heating wire, then it is conceivable that this is wound around the heat-conducting element 34. On pockets 44 and 46 according to FIG. 4 could then be dispensed with, for example. If heating foils are used as heating elements, they can be made, for example, by gluing them into the pockets 44 and 46 or around the heat stretching sections 41 and 42 FIG. 4 be introduced.
  • FIG. 8 shows a fluid heater 76 according to the second embodiment.
  • This has the input-side interface 78, corresponding to the interface 4 off FIG. 1 is designed.
  • the interface 78 may alternatively, for example, the "Christmas tree" according to interface 6 from FIG. 1 have, for example, to connect them with a tubular fluid line.
  • a flange 82 is provided as a further output-side interface 80 of the fluid heater 76. This extends spaced from the end face 84 of the interface 80th collar-shaped or disc-shaped in the radial direction away from a substantially circular-cylindrical cross-section outer jacket surface 86 of the fluid line 88. Between the flange 82 and the end face 84 an annular groove 90 is introduced from the outer circumferential surface 86 ago in the fluid heater 76, in which an O Seal ring 91 is inserted. The fluid heater 76 can then be used with the flange-shaped interface 80 in an intake tract, wherein it is screwed, for example via the flange 82 by at least one passage opening is provided for a screw in this. It would also be conceivable to weld the interface 80 to the intake tract without O-ring 91.
  • a connecting portion 92 is provided approximately in the center of the fluid heater 76 and forms the electrical contact of the in the FIG. 8 not shown heating element.
  • elliptical cross-section having plug housing 94 which extends away from the outer circumferential surface 86 is formed.
  • the plug housing 94 surrounds two contact lugs 96 and 98.
  • the heat conducting element 100 can be seen together with the heating element 102.
  • the heating element 102 is arranged within the fluid channel 104 of the fluid heater 76 and can thus be flowed around by the fluid or blowby gas flowing through the fluid channel 104, as a result of which heat can be dissipated over a large area.
  • the heating element 102 is designed here as a PTC semiconductor. An arrangement of the heating element 102 in the fluid channel 104 is advantageous if a large amount of heat to be delivered to a fluid flowing through this.
  • the heat-conducting element 100 is shown in perspective. It has a substantially cuboid heat stretch section 106 with two in Parallel spaced apart extending large sides 108 and 110, which are covered by narrow sides 112 to 118.
  • a width of the heat stretching section 100 corresponds approximately to the diameter of the one approximately a circular cylindrical cross-section having fluid channel 104 from FIG. 10 .
  • An axial length of the heat stretching section 110 is approximately half as long as the fluid channel 104 when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the fluid channel 104.
  • the heat stretching section 106 has an annular heat distribution section 120. This section is substantially hollow cylindrical and has an inner diameter approximately equal to the inner diameter of the fluid channel 104 off FIG. 10 equivalent.
  • An outer diameter of the heat distribution section 120 corresponds approximately to the outer diameter of the outer lateral surface 86 of the fluid line 88 in the region of the output-side interface 80.
  • the heat distribution section 120 thus forms an end section of the fluid heater 76 in the region of the interface 80.
  • the fluid channel 104 is seen through the heat distribution portion 120 in two approximately semicircular cross-section having fluid channels 122, 124, see FIG. 8 , divided.
  • the heating element 102 is completely according to FIG. 10 used in the heat distribution portion 120 and extends approximately starting from an O-ring 91 facing annular surface 126 of the heat distribution section 120 to about the contact lugs 96, 98 whose arranged in the connector housing 94 sections approximately in a common transverse to the longitudinal axis of the fluid heater 76th extending level lie.
  • the heating element 102 is then over in the FIG. 10 not shown means with the contact lugs 96 and 98 electrically connected.
  • the fluid heater 76 thus has according to the first embodiment FIG. 1 also the thermally insulating fluid line section 128, the interfaces 78, 80 and 92 out FIG. 8 forms, and consisting of a thermally conductive plastic, the heat conducting element 100 forming the fluid line section 130. Heat is thus emitted from the heating element 102 to the heat path section 106 and supplied via this to the heat-conducting element 100 flowing around the fluid and / or the heat distribution section 120. This can heat over its inner surface 132, see FIG. 11 , also to the Fluid and discharge via its outer circumferential surface 134 and its end face 136 to a component connected to the fluid heater 76 via the output-side interface 80.
  • the narrow sides 112 and 116 are connected to the wall of the fluid channel 104, with which the thermal stretch section 106 is thermally insulated at least in sections by the thermally insulating fluid line section 128.
  • the fluid heater 76 is in a longitudinal section along the cutting plane DD FIG. 12 shown.
  • the heat conducting element 100 is shown together with the heating element 102 in cross section. It can be seen that the heating element 102 according to the first embodiment of FIG. 3 is arranged between two contact plates 138 and 140.
  • the heating element 102 turns off FIG. 13 with the contact plates 138 and 140, with the contact lugs 96 and 98, respectively FIG. 10 are connected, contacted, for example by gluing or soldering. It is conceivable, instead of the contact plates 138, 140 to provide solder tails.
  • this is encapsulated with thermally conductive plastic, whereby the heat conducting element 100 from FIG. 11 is formed, which completely surrounds the heating element 102.
  • the heat-conducting element 100 then serves as a preform, which is encapsulated with thermally insulating plastic, whereby the fluid line section 128 FIG. 10 with the interfaces 78, 80 and 92 off FIG. 8 is formed.
  • heating element 102 is mounted after the finished manufacturing of the heat-conducting element 100 and then overmolded. Furthermore, as heating elements 102 heating foils or heating wires can be provided.
  • the fluid heater 142 is shown according to a third embodiment.
  • the input-side interface 144 is configured with a valve, which is explained in more detail below.
  • On the output side it has one of the interface 6 FIG. 1 appropriate interface 146.
  • the connecting portion 148 has a parallelepiped portion 156 that completely encloses the fluid conduit 158. Tangentially spaced from the fluid conduit 158 extends a side surface 160 of the portion 156, on which an elliptical plug housing 162 comprising the contact lugs 150, 152 is formed, which forms the electrical connection of the heating element, not shown.
  • FIG. 16 12 illustrates a longitudinal section of the fluid heater 142 along the section line EE FIG. 15
  • the fluid heater 142 has an interface 144 FIG. 14 This has at its end a first, approximately circular cylindrical, small diameter portion 164 and a second between the interface 150 from FIG. 14 and the section 164 formed, approximately circular cylindrical, large-diameter portion 166.
  • the large-diameter portion 166 is formed from the middle connecting portion 148 ago an approximately circular cylindrical cross-section having recess 168.
  • the section 166 has an annular surface 170 facing the connection section.
  • the housing portion 163 with the cuboid portion 156 of the connecting portion 148 for example, by a welded connection, firmly connected.
  • a recess 172 having a circular-cylindrical cross section is likewise introduced on the side facing the housing section 163, the diameter and depth of which correspond approximately to the recess 168 of the housing section 163.
  • a valve chamber is formed, in which a disk-shaped, an approximately circular cross-section having closing body, for example in the form of a membrane 174, is arranged. Its diameter is slightly smaller than a diameter of the valve space, so that it is freely movable in the valve space in the longitudinal direction of the fluid heater 142.
  • the membrane 174 has a through hole 176 in the center.
  • the recess 172 introduced into the section 156 has a step surface extending approximately transversely to the longitudinal axis of the fluid heater 142, which serves as a valve seat 178 for the membrane 174.
  • the housing section 163 has a further through opening 180 formed in the region of its smaller diameter section 164.
  • FIG. 16 is the diaphragm 174 in an open position in which it rests on the valve seat 178, whereby the fluid or the blow-by gas via the recesses 180, 168 and 172 and through the through hole 176 of the diaphragm 174 in the approximately 8-shaped in cross section designed fluid channel 182 of the fluid heater 142 can flow.
  • a closing position is provided for the diaphragm 174.
  • As a valve stop for the closed position of the diaphragm 174 is an inner annular surface 184, which is formed by the different diameter of the recess 180 and the larger diameter recess 168.
  • the annular surface 184 extends in parallel distance to the valve seat 178 and is opposite this.
  • a closing portion 186 of the housing portion 163 which extends in the longitudinal direction of the fluid heater 142, starting from the annular surface 184 away from the recess 168 in the recess 180.
  • the closing portion 186 is shown in a plan view.
  • This has an approximately circular cylindrical closure member 188 which is connected via four star-shaped webs 190 arranged with the housing portion 163.
  • a diameter of the closure member 188 is less than a diameter of the recess 180 and slightly larger than a diameter of the through hole 176 of the diaphragm 174 FIG. 16 , If the membrane 174 now rests on the annular surface 184, the through-hole 176 is closed by the closure part 188 of the closing portion 186.
  • the diaphragm 174 is moved to the closed position when the fluid or blowby gas unintentionally flows from the interface 146, which is connected to the intake tract, toward the interface 144, which is connected to the crankcase.
  • the membrane 174 is brought into abutment with the annular surface 184 and the closing section 186, thereby closing it the fluid channel 182.
  • the fluid then flows back in the opposite direction, it is moved by the flow forces away from the annular surface 184 toward its valve seat 178, whereby it releases the fluid channel 182 again.
  • the fluid heater 142 according to the previous embodiments has a thermally insulating fluid line section 192 and a thermally conductive fluid line section forming the heat conducting element 194.
  • the heat conducting element in addition to the heat path sections 196, 198 two further heat path sections 200 and 202.
  • the heat path sections 196 and 198 extend according to the first embodiment, starting from the heating elements 208, 210 in the direction of connectable to the intake tract interface 146 and open into the heat distribution section 204th , which is formed and arranged according to the first embodiment.
  • the heat path sections 200 and 202 extend from heating elements 208, 210 towards the interface 144 which can be connected to the crankcase and thus to the valve 206.
  • the heat conducting element 194 is shown in perspective with the heat stretching sections 196, 198 and the heat stretching sections 200 and 202.
  • the heat conducting element 194 is thus designed in several parts, in particular in three parts.
  • the heating elements 208 and 210 are also disposed in a common plane extending radially to the longitudinal direction of the fluid heater 142. Opposite lying from the contact surfaces 216, 218, the heat path sections 200 and 202 are arranged. Thus, the heating elements 208 and 210 are disposed between the plates 212 and 214 and the heat stretching sections 200 and 202, respectively.
  • the heat pipe sections 200 and 202 are configured block-shaped and have a cross section in the radial direction, which is about the Cross section of the plates 212 and 214 corresponds.
  • the heat path sections 200 and 202 extend according to FIG. 19 to the recess 172 and form with their facing away from the heat traction sections 196 and 198 end faces 220 and 222, see FIG.
  • the fluid heater 142 is made FIGS. 14 to 19 in that the heat-conducting element 194 is plastic-sprayed and then injected by the thermally insulating fluid-line section 192.
  • the heating elements can then be used either before encapsulation in the heat-conducting element 194 or after encapsulation.
  • the male electrical connector housing 162 is also secured to the heat insulating fluid conduit section 142 after overmolding.
  • a fluid line with one or more heating elements This has a fluid channel and has at least one or more heat conduction paths made of thermally conductive plastic, which can dissipate heat from the heating elements and directed to one or more areas of the fluid line supply.
  • the fluid line preferably consists of a thermally insulating plastic.
  • the heat conduction paths can be at least partially or completely thermally insulated, with the exception of a heat supply region, with respect to the fluid channel.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Dispositif de chauffage de fluide avec une conduite de fluide (2), dans laquelle peut être disposé au moins un élément de chauffage (36, 38), dans lequel la conduite de fluide (2) présente pour l'émission de chaleur orientée un élément conducteur de chaleur (34) en matière synthétique thermiquement conductrice, s'étendant à partir du au moins un élément de chauffage (36, 38), et dans lequel la conduite de fluide (2) présente une section de conduite de fluide (32) en matière synthétique thermiquement isolante, dans lequel l'élément conducteur de chaleur (34) a une section de parcours de chaleur (41, 42 ; 130 ; 196, 198) s'étendant à partir de l'élément de chauffage (36, 38) et une section d'apport de chaleur (56 ; 120 ; 204) reliée à la section de parcours de chaleur (41, 42 ; 196, 198), qui est disposée dans une zone d'apport de chaleur de la conduite de fluide (2), dans lequel la section de parcours de chaleur (41, 42 ; 130 ; 196, 198) est isolée thermiquement, au moins par endroits, par la section de conduite de fluide par rapport à un fluide passant à travers la conduite de fluide (2).
  2. Dispositif de chauffage de fluide selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la section de parcours de chaleur (41, 42 ; 130 ; 196, 198) et / ou la section d'apport de chaleur (56 ; 120 ; 204) est recouverte par extrusion de la section de conduite de fluide (32).
  3. Dispositif de chauffage de fluide selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel la section de parcours de chaleur (130) est disposée à l'intérieur d'un canal de fluide (104) et est espacée par endroits du canal de fluide (104) ou dans lequel la section de parcours de chaleur (41, 42 ; 196, 198) est disposée à l'extérieur du canal de fluide (64).
  4. Dispositif de chauffage de fluide selon la revendication 3, dans lequel la section de parcours de chaleur (41, 42 ; 130 ; 196, 198) s'étend approximativement le long du canal de fluide (64, 104), dans lequel, vu dans le sens du canal de fluide (64, 104), l'élément de chauffage (36, 38) et la section d'apport de chaleur (56 ; 120 ; 204) sont espacés l'un de l'autre.
  5. Dispositif de chauffage de fluide selon la revendication 3 ou 4, dans lequel la section de parcours de chaleur (41, 42 ; 130 ; 196, 198) s'étend radialement à distance par rapport au canal de fluide (64) et s'étend, vue dans le sens périphérique du canal de fluide (64), par endroits autour de celui-ci.
  6. Dispositif de chauffage de fluide selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la section de parcours de chaleur (41, 42 ; 130 ; 196, 198) est conçue approximativement en forme de doigt.
  7. Dispositif de chauffage de fluide selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la section d'apport de chaleur (56 ; 120 ; 204) de l'élément conducteur de chaleur (34) débouche dans le canal de fluide (64) de la conduite de fluide (2) et / ou à une surface limite (58, 60) d'une pièce pouvant être reliée au dispositif de chauffage de fluide (1).
  8. Dispositif de chauffage de fluide selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'élément conducteur de chaleur (34) en tant que section d'apport de chaleur (56 ; 204) présente une section de distribution de chaleur (56) enveloppant au moins par endroits le canal de fluide (64) dans la zone d'apport de chaleur de la conduite de fluide (2).
  9. Dispositif de chauffage de fluide selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le au moins un élément de chauffage (36, 38) est placé dans l'élément conducteur de chaleur (34), en particulier dans une poche (44, 46) de l'élément conducteur de chaleur (34).
  10. Dispositif de chauffage de fluide selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel une section de liaison (20) est prévue pour la mise en contact électrique des éléments de chauffage (36, 38), laquelle est reliée à la section de conduite (32) d'une seule pièce ou comme pièce fixable supplémentaire.
  11. Dispositif de chauffage de fluide selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel est prévu un autre élément (206) dans la conduite de fluide (158), en particulier une soupape (206) ou un capteur à laquelle ou auquel conduit la et / ou au moins une autre voie conductrice de chaleur (200, 202).
  12. Dispositif de chauffage de fluide selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'élément conducteur de chaleur (100) avec l'élément de chauffage (102) est disposé au moins par endroits dans le canal de fluide (104).
  13. Procédé de fabrication d'un chauffage de fluide, en particulier selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant les étapes de :
    - fabrication d'un élément conducteur de chaleur (34) en matière synthétique thermiquement conductrice dans un procédé de moulage par injection ;
    - fabrication d'une section de conduite de fluide (32) en matière synthétique thermiquement isolante par recouvrement par extrusion de l'élément conducteur de chaleur (34).
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, dans lequel l'élément conducteur de chaleur (34) a au moins une poche (44, 46) pour placer le au moins un élément de chauffage (36, 38), dans laquelle l'élément de chauffage (36, 38) est placé après recouvrement par extrusion avec l'autre section de conduite de fluide (32) et est obturé vers l'extérieur avec une section de liaison (20) ou une partie en matière synthétique (22).
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 13, dans lequel est disposé au moins un élément de chauffage (36, 38) sur l'élément conducteur de chaleur (34) ou dans lequel l'élément de chauffage (102) est recouvert par extrusion par l'élément conducteur de chaleur (100), et dans lequel l'élément conducteur de chaleur (34 ; 100) conjointement avec l'élément de chauffage (36, 38 ; 102) est recouvert par extrusion par la section de conduite de fluide (32 ; 128).
EP20130182335 2012-08-30 2013-08-30 Dispositif de chauffage de fluide et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de chauffage de fluide Not-in-force EP2703611B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012108013.5A DE102012108013A1 (de) 2012-08-30 2012-08-30 Fluidheizer und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Fluidheizers

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EP2703611A1 EP2703611A1 (fr) 2014-03-05
EP2703611B1 true EP2703611B1 (fr) 2014-12-17

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DE102017102075B4 (de) 2016-02-03 2023-09-28 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg Rückschlagventil mit Vereisungsschutz
DE102017111696A1 (de) * 2017-05-30 2018-12-06 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Fluidventil einer Ladeluftführung
DE102021122273B4 (de) 2021-04-30 2023-05-04 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zum Beheizen von Blowby-Gasen eines Verbrennungsmotors

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58211558A (ja) * 1982-06-02 1983-12-09 Nippon Soken Inc 内燃機関の吸気加熱装置
JPH1026286A (ja) * 1996-07-12 1998-01-27 Hokkaido Sekisui Haimu Kk 流体管及び流体管の凍結防止方法
DE19846282B4 (de) * 1998-10-08 2006-12-07 Mann + Hummel Gmbh Elektrische Heizeinrichtung
DE50011511D1 (de) 2000-06-14 2005-12-08 Dbk David & Baader Gmbh Blowby-Heizung
DE10061307A1 (de) * 2000-12-08 2002-07-11 Mann & Hummel Filter Membranventil mit einer federgestützten Membran
EP1433994B1 (fr) * 2002-06-27 2006-06-07 DBK David + Baader GmbH Dispositif de chauffage d'un conduit de gaz de carter et procéde de construction
EP1375997B1 (fr) 2002-06-27 2005-01-12 David & Baader DBK Spezialfabrik elektrischer Apparate und Heizwiderstände GmbH Dispositiv de chauffage pour un conduit et procédé de construction
JP2008063959A (ja) * 2006-09-05 2008-03-21 Aisan Ind Co Ltd スロットル装置
DE202008006606U1 (de) * 2008-05-15 2009-09-24 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Ventileinheit, insbesondere zur Entlüftung eines Kurbelgehäuses einer Brennkraftmaschine und Kurbelgehäuseentlüftungssystem

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EP2703611A1 (fr) 2014-03-05

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