EP2695983A1 - Device and method for forming an even or profiled fleece or an even or profiled flocked fibre mat - Google Patents

Abstract

The feed device (2) has a scattering section (20) in which a driven feed roller and a driven opening roller are arranged. A dispensing device stores and dispenses a fiber sliver or a fiber fleece strip assigned to the feed roller, such that the feed roller pulls in the fiber sliver or the fiber fleece strip provided by the dispensing device. The feed roller is fed with the fiber sliver or the fiber fleece strip. The opening roller is arranged to open up the fiber sliver or fiber fleece strip pulled in by the feed roller to form and scatter the individual fibers or fiber flocks. An independent claim is included for a fleece-forming system.

Description

The invention relates to a device and a method for forming a uniformized or profiled nonwoven fabric or a uniformized or profiled fiber flake mat.

In the production of fiber webs, first, fiber flakes are delivered from a fiber flake feeder to a transport device, which directly in the form of a fiber flake mat in a first alternative to a pile producer, preferably a carding machine, in a second alternative directly to an aerodynamic web forming agent, or in a third alternative to a solidifying machine, such as a needle machine, further transported.

In the first alternative, the pile produced in the pile producer (which can also be referred to as a single-layer or two-layer nonwoven) is then fed to a fleece layering machine which places a multilayer fleece from the pile web by cross-lapping. This multi-ply web can then be solidified by suitable consolidation machines, for example by needling. Overall, it is usually desirable to produce a nonwoven fabric with very high uniformity. For this purpose, there are corresponding intervention possibilities at different points of the plant. For example, in the area between fiber flake feeders and pile producers, e.g. the weight of the fiber flake mat measured by means of a belt weigher and based on this the feed rate of the pile generator are controlled so that always passes an identical amount of fiber material per time interval in the pile generator.

However, such a belt weigher can determine only the average mass of the fiber flake mat, distributed over the width of the transport device and a certain length in the transport direction. Therefore, only a coarse homogenization of the fiber flake stream entering the pile fabricator is provided by this balancing process, while different basis weights of the fiberglass mat across the width of the fiberglass mat must be accepted.

In the mentioned second and third alternative of nonwoven formation has been tried so far by various station-internal settings and constructive details, the levy the fiber flakes to form a Faserflockenmatte in Faserflockenspeiser and the delivery of the dissolved fibers to a nonwoven fabric in the aerodynamic nonwoven forming machine over the length and width of the fiber flake mat or the fleece as evenly as possible. The results are often in need of improvement.

In addition to the homogenization of fiber flake mat or fleece, it may also be advantageous in other applications if the fiber flake mat or fleece has a predetermined uneven transverse profile and / or longitudinal profile.

The present invention has for its object to compensate for localized thinnings or thick areas of a nonwoven or a Faserflockenmatte and thus also across the width of the web or the Faserflockenmatte to ensure a constant basis weight distribution, or a desired non-uniform cross-sectional and / or longitudinal profile of the web or to adjust the fiber flake mat targeted.

This object is solved by the features of claim 1 and of claim 14.

According to the invention, the device for forming a uniformed or profiled nonwoven or a uniformized or profiled fiber flake mat comprises a material dispenser which produces a nonwoven or a fiber flake mat of predetermined width, and also a transport device downstream of the material dispenser for further transport of the nonwoven or the fiber flake mat in a transport direction. The apparatus further comprises a measuring device for measuring the weight per unit area of the fleece or the fiber fleece mat across its transverse width to the transport direction in a measuring range of the transport device for determining a cross profile and longitudinal profile of the fleece or the Faserflockenmatte and a profile changing device in a profile change region downstream of the measuring range, wherein the Profile changing device comprises a feeding device for feeding dissolved fibers or fiber flakes onto the web or the fiber flake mat or a picking device for removing dissolved fibers or fiber flakes from the web or from the fiber flake mat. In addition, the apparatus includes a controller adapted to control the profile changing device based on the results of the measuring device so that the profile changing device for homogenizing the nonwoven or the fiber flake mat supplies dissolved fibers or fiber flakes to detected thin spots of the nonwoven or fiber flake mat or resolved Fibers or fiber flakes of determined thick points of the nonwoven or the fiber flake mat decreases, or that the profile changing device selectively supplies or decreases dissolved fibers or fiber flakes to form a desired uneven transverse profile or longitudinal profile of the web or the Faserflockenmatte with thin spots and thick spots.

In this way, it is possible to selectively influence the profile of the fleece or the fiber flake mat in two directions and thus produce either a fleece or a Faserflockenmatte with a relatively constant basis weight over the entire length and width or a desired non-uniform cross-sectional and / or longitudinal profile of Fleece or the Faserflockenmatte to produce.

In a preferred embodiment, the measuring device is a radiometric measuring device, which can precisely determine the weight per unit area of the fleece or the fiber flake mat. In this case, the measuring device can either have a radiometric measuring element which is moved across the width of the fleece or the fiber flake mat, or there are provided a plurality of stationary radiometric measuring elements which are arranged at the desired measuring distances next to one another transversely to the transport direction over the fleece or the fiber flake mat.

It is also possible that the measuring device is a mechanical measuring device.

It is preferred if the measuring device has a plurality of measuring wheels arranged side by side transversely to the transport direction, the deflection of which is recorded in an evaluation device. In this way, it is possible with a relatively low cost apparatus, the transverse profile of the web or the Faserflockenmatte transversely to the transport direction and due to the movement of the web or the Faserflockenmatte also record the longitudinal profile of the web or the Faserflockenmatte in the desired local resolution and the result as an electric Provide signal for further processing.

Preferably, the profile changing device has a plurality of transverse to the transport direction and horizontally juxtaposed Zuführsegmente, which are controlled separately from each other by the control or regulating device. In this way, it is ensured that the data supplied by the measuring device for a targeted equalization of the nonwoven or the fiber flake mat (preferably by filling in thin areas) or profile formation of the nonwoven or the fiber flake mat with a relatively high resolution.

The resolution is essentially determined by the width of each feed segment. It is preferred that each feed segment has a width of between 5 and 100 mm, preferably between 15 and 30 mm, more preferably between 20 and 25 mm.

The material dispenser may be a fiber flake feeder that produces a fiber flake mat, or a web forming agent. Suitable web formers according to the present definition are, in particular, aerodynamic web-forming devices, but also pile producers or nonwoven layers.

Preferably, the feeding device for feeding dissolved fibers or fiber flakes onto the nonwoven or the fiber flake mat has a plurality of rolls of the same kind arranged over the width of the nonwoven or the fiber flake mat, which can be controlled separately from one another by the control or regulating device. Here, one roller is assigned to one feed segment. The eligible rollers are in particular feed rollers or discharge rollers, which can be used here as metering rollers. Several different types of rolls across the width of the web or fiber flake mat may also be arranged in segmented form, i. a feed segment can have a plurality of different rolls which correspond to its width, that is, for example, draw-in rolls and discharge rolls. Other guide elements can also be present individually for each feed segment and, if necessary, also be controlled by the control or regulating device. On the other hand, certain elements can also exist only once across the width of the fleece or the fiber flake mat and at the same time relate to all feeder segments.

The delivery device for delivering dissolved fibers or fiber flakes to the web or the fiber flake mat, in one embodiment, may comprise a fiber flute stack as a material reservoir.

Alternatively, each feeder segment may be associated with a dispenser for storing and dispensing a roving or a nonwoven strip. This way will already achieved a high spatial resolution in the feeding of the dosing into the feeder.

In a preferred embodiment for producing fiber flake mats, the material dispensing device is a fiber flake feeder, and the profile changing device has a plurality of transverse to the transport direction and horizontally juxtaposed Zuführsegmente, which are controlled separately from each other by the control or regulating device. In addition, the feeding device for feeding dissolved fibers or fiber flakes on the fiber flake mat on a fiber flake shaft as a material reservoir and is designed as a second Faserflockenspeiser, each feed segment is assigned to one of several, over the width of the Faserflockenmatte juxtaposed Austragsdosierwalzen that of the control or Control device are controlled separately from each other. In this way, a uniform fiber flake mat is created, which can be fed directly to the solidification.

In this case, one of several, over the width of the fiber flake mat juxtaposed, deflectable pedal recesses can be assigned to each feed segment, the respective Austragsdosierwalze opposite. The deflection of each pedal tray is a parameter for the actual material throughput and can therefore serve to check the dosing accuracy.

• Erzeugen eines Vlieses oder einer Faserflockenmatte vorbestimmter Breite mittels einer Materialabgabevorrichtung;
• Weitertransportieren des Vlieses oder der Faserflockenmatte in einer Transportrichtung mittels einer Transportvorrichtung;
• Messen des Flächengewichts des Vlieses oder der Faserflockenmatte über deren Breite in einem Messbereich der Transportvorrichtung zur Ermittlung eines Querprofils und Längsprofils des Vlieses oder der Faserflockenmatte; und
• automatisch geregeltes Zuführen von aufgelösten Fasern oder Faserflocken auf ermittelte Dünnstellen des Vlieses oder der Faserflockenmatte oder Abnehmen von aufgelösten Fasern oder Faserflocken von ermittelten Dickstellen des Vlieses oder der Faserflockenmatte in einem Profiländerungsbereich stromab des Messbereichs mittels einer Profiländerungsvorrichtung zur Vergleichmäßigung des Vlieses oder der Faserflockenmatte, oder automatisch geregeltes Zuführen von aufgelösten Fasern oder Faserflocken auf das Vlies oder die Faserflockenmatte oder Abnehmen von aufgelösten Fasern oder Faserflocken von dem Vlies oder der Faserflockenmatte in einem Profiländerungsbereich stromab des Messbereichs mittels einer Profiländerungsvorrichtung zur Bildung eines gewünschten ungleichmäßigen Querprofils oder Längsprofils des Vlieses oder der Faserflockenmatte mit Dünnstellen und Dickstellen.

The method according to the invention for forming a uniformed or profiled nonwoven fabric or a uniformized or profiled fiber flake mat comprises the following steps:

• Producing a nonwoven or fibrous flake mat of predetermined width by means of a material dispenser;
• Further transporting the web or the fiber flake mat in a transport direction by means of a transport device;
• Measuring the basis weight of the nonwoven or the fiber flake mat over the width thereof in a measuring range of the transport device for determining a transverse profile and longitudinal profile of the nonwoven or the fiber flake mat; and
• automatically controlling the delivery of dissolved fibers or fiber flakes to detected thin spots of the web or fiber flake mat or removing dissolved fibers or fiber flakes from detected thick spots of the web or fiber flake mat in a profile changing area downstream of the measuring area by means of a profile changing device for equalizing the nonwoven or the fiber flake mat, or automatically controlling dissolved fibers or fiber flakes on the web or fiber flake mat or removing dissolved fibers or fiber flakes from the web or fiber flake mat in a profile changing area downstream of the measuring area by means of a profile changing device for forming a desired uneven transverse profile or longitudinal profile of the web or the fiber flake mat with thin areas and thick places.

In this case, the controlled feeding of fiber flakes preferably takes place by separate control of a plurality of feed segments of the profile changing device which are arranged transversely to the transport direction and are arranged horizontally next to each other.

Fig. 1

ist eine seitliche Querschnittsansicht einer Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Bildung einer vergleichmäßigten oder profilierten Faserflockenmatte;

Fig. 2

ist eine schematische Perspektivansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Bildung einer vergleichmäßigten oder profilierten Faserflockenmatte;

Fig. 3

ist eine seitliche Querschnittsansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Bildung einer vergleichmäßigten oder profilierten Faserflockenmatte;

Fig. 4

ist eine seitliche Querschnittsansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Bildung einer vergleichmäßigten oder profilierten Faserflockenmatte;

Fig. 5

ist eine seitliche Querschnittsansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Bildung eines vergleichmäßigten oder profilierten Vlieses;

Fig. 6

ist eine schematische Perspektivansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Bildung einer vergleichmäßigten oder profilierten Faserflockenmatte;

Fig. 7

ist eine schematische Perspektivansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Bildung einer vergleichmäßigten oder profilierten Faserflockenmatte;

Fig. 8

ist eine seitliche Querschnittsansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Bildung eines vergleichmäßigten oder profilierten Vlieses;

Fig. 9

ist eine seitliche Querschnittsansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Bildung eines vergleichmäßigten oder profilierten Vlieses;

Fig. 10

ist eine seitliche Querschnittsansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Bildung eines vergleichmäßigten oder profilierten Vlieses;

Fig. 11

ist eine seitliche Querschnittsansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Bildung eines vergleichmäßigten oder profilierten Vlieses;

Fig. 12

ist eine seitliche Querschnittsansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Bildung eines vergleichmäßigten oder profilierten Vlieses; und

Fig. 13

ist eine seitliche Querschnittsansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Bildung eines vergleichmäßigten oder profilierten Vlieses.

Further features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1

is a side cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the inventive device for forming a uniform or profiled fiber flake mat;

Fig. 2

is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention for forming a uniform or profiled fiber flake mat;

Fig. 3

is a side cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention for forming a uniform or profiled fiber flake mat;

Fig. 4

is a side cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention for forming a uniform or profiled fiber flake mat;

Fig. 5

is a side cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention for forming a uniformized or profiled nonwoven fabric;

Fig. 6

is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention for forming a uniform or profiled fiber flake mat;

Fig. 7

is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention for forming a uniform or profiled fiber flake mat;

Fig. 8

is a side cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention for forming a uniformized or profiled nonwoven fabric;

Fig. 9

is a side cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention for forming a uniformized or profiled nonwoven fabric;

Fig. 10

is a side cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention for forming a uniformized or profiled nonwoven fabric;

Fig. 11

is a side cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention for forming a uniformized or profiled nonwoven fabric;

Fig. 12

is a side cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention for forming a uniformized or profiled nonwoven fabric; and

Fig. 13

is a side cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention for forming a uniformed or profiled nonwoven fabric.

In Fig. 1 an embodiment of the device according to the invention for forming a uniformized or profiled fiber flake mat is shown. The device comprises a material dispenser, which is designed here as a fiber flake feeder 2. Behind the device, the fiber flake mat produced is fed to the catchment area of a pile generator 3, in particular a carding machine. Similarly, the fiber fluff mat 12 produced may be directly exposed to an aerodynamic web former (not shown) or a consolidation machine 50 (see FIG Fig. 2 ).

The Faserflockenspeiser 2 are fiber flakes on a discharge belt 4 from which is formed circumferentially and around a plurality of guide rollers 6, of which only one is shown in the drawing, is stretched.

For compacting the fiber flake material output from the fiber flake feeder 2, an upper roller 8 can also be arranged in the exit region of the fiber flake feed 2, which is driven in opposite directions to the discharge belt 4 and thus moves and compacts the fiber flake mat together with the discharge belt 4 in the direction of a circulating transport belt 10. In the illustrated example, the discharge conveyor 4 and the conveyor belt 10 together form a transport device which ensures the further transport of the fiber flake mat 12.

In the example shown here, the transport device 4, 10 connects the Faserflockenspeiser 2 and the pile generator 3. It is also conceivable that the conveyor belt 10 extends directly below the Faserflockenspeisers 2 (see the other figures) and thus the discharge belt 4 is omitted, or that the transport device has other than the sections and elements 4, 10 shown.

On the transport device 4, 10, the fiber flake material is advanced as a fiber flake mat 12 with a variable speed v in the direction of the catchment area of the pile generator 3 and thus in the transport direction. The conveyor belt 10 can also have a belt scale which determines an average weight of the fiber flake mat 12 in a flat weighing area, which has a certain length and extends over the entire width of the fiber flake mat 12. On this basis, the transport speed v of the transport device and thus at the same time the intake speed of the pile generator 3 can be controlled accordingly so that always a substantially uniform mass flow of fiber flake material reaches the pile generator 3 per time interval.

According to the invention, a measuring device 14 is now provided which measures the basis weight of the fiber flake mat 12 over its transverse width to the transport direction in a measuring range of the transport device 4, 10, thus the transverse profile and due to the movement of the transport device 4, 10 and the longitudinal profile of the fiber flake mat 12th , in particular thin areas and / or thick places of the fiber flake mat 12, to be determined. It is important that the measuring device 14 has several measuring segments transversely to the transport direction of the fiber flake mat 12 and performs its own measurement in each measuring segment. In this way, thin spots or thick places can be determined two-dimensionally, ie in the longitudinal and in the transverse direction. The width of such a measuring segment is between 5 and 100 mm, preferably between 15 and 30 mm, more preferably between 20 and 25 mm. Such a measuring device can either be used in addition to the belt scale or take over their function.

In the in Fig. 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the measuring device 14 is designed as a series of transversely to the transport direction of the fiber flake mat 12 and measuring wheels 16 arranged horizontally next to each other. In the illustrated lateral cross-sectional view thereof only a measuring wheel 16 can be seen. Each of these measuring wheels 16 is deflected independently of the other and connected to a corresponding evaluation device 18, which detects the deflection of the associated measuring wheel 16, which is due to the different thickness or the different basis weight of the fiber flake mat 12. For example, position sensors for measuring the height of the measuring wheels 16 or their carriers or rotary angle meters for determining the angle of rotation of the measuring wheels 16 or their carriers come into consideration as the evaluation device 18. This can be concluded in the associated measuring segment on the respective basis weight of the fiber flake mat 12.

Alternatively, the measuring device 14 may also be configured as another form of a mechanical measuring device. It is also possible to design the measuring device 14 as a radiometric measuring device. In this case, a radiometric measuring probe is arranged either in each measuring segment, which determines the surface weight of the fiber flake mat 12 in the respective measuring segment by means of radiometric measurements, or a single radiometric measuring probe is provided which can be moved transversely across the width of the fiber flake mat 12 and continuously or in certain measuring distances, the basis weight of the fiber flake mat 12 receives. As well a combined use of both a radiometric and a mechanical measuring device 14 is possible.

The results of the measuring device 14 are transmitted to a control or regulating device 20, which controls a profile changing device 22 on the basis of the results of the measuring device 14. The profile changing device 22 is disposed in a profile changing area of the transporting device 4, 10 downstream of the measuring area and configured either as a feeding device for feeding dissolved fibers or fiber flakes onto the fiber flake mat 12 or as a take-off device for removing fiber flakes from the fiber flake mat 12. It is important that the control or regulating device 20 controls the profile changing device 22 in such a way that the profile changing device 22 feeds dissolved fibers or fiber flakes onto the determined thin areas of the fiber flake mat 12, either to homogenize the fiber flake mat 12, or if fiber flakes decrease from the ascertained thick places of the fiber flake mat 12. and / or that the profile changing device 22 selectively supplies or removes fibers or fiber flakes dissolved with thin spots and thick places to form a desired uneven transverse profile and / or longitudinal profile of the fiber flake mat 12. A combination of both profile change mechanisms (feeding and removing) is conceivable.

In the case of feeding, the controlled feeding of dissolved fibers or fiber flakes is carried out by separate control of several transversely to the transport direction and horizontally juxtaposed feed segments of the profile changing device 22. Also takes place in the other case, the controlled removal of fiber flakes by separate control of several transverse to the transport direction and horizontally arranged side by side Acceptance segments of the profile changing device 22. The width of such a feed segment or acceptance segment preferably corresponds to the width of the measuring segments. It is thus in the range of between 5 and 100 mm, preferably between 15 and 30 mm, more preferably between 20 and 25 mm.

In the in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment, the profile changing device 22 is configured as a feeding device. The respective feed segments are arranged transversely to the transport direction and thus not visible in the side view of the drawing. Each feeder segment is associated with a dispenser 24 for storing and dispensing a roving 26 or a nonwoven strip. In the in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment, the dispensing device 24 is designed as a coil, but it can also be used as a spinning can or the like. The roving 26 or nonwoven strip extends from the dispenser 24 to a preferably rubberized storage roll 28 extending transversely of the transport direction and horizontally preferably across all feed segments, and one turn of each roving 26 or nonwoven strip provided by the dispenser 24 is adjacent to each other Storage roller 28 wound. The storage roller 28 is driven in one direction of rotation (see the corresponding arrow in the drawing), preferably by means of a servomotor 30 and also preferably continuously at a relatively slow speed. In certain embodiments, the storage roller 28 may also be omitted.

In the in Fig. 1 illustrated preferred embodiment is an integral storage roller 28 which simultaneously receives the different strands of the roving 26 and the nonwoven strip of all feed segments side by side. Likewise, however, there may be a separate storage roller per feed segment.

Each feed segment is also associated with a driven with a servo motor 34, also in the same direction of rotation rotating feed roller 32 assigned. The feed roller 32 pulls the respective provided by the associated dispenser 24 roving 26 or the nonwoven strip, either with the interposition of the storage roller 28 or directly. Although each feed segment has its own feed roller 32, only one feed roller 32 can be seen due to the series arrangement in the drawing. Each feed roller 32 preferably has a clothing with respect to the direction of rotation rearwardly projecting teeth.

A particular advantage of the interposition of the storage roller 28 is that the storage roller 28 slips under those fiber ends 26 or non-woven fabric strips, which are only loosely wound around them. This applies accordingly to all Zuführsegmente in which the feed roller 32 is not driven at all or slower than the storage roller 28. Only when a feed roller 32 runs faster than the storage roller 28, the corresponding winding of the roving 26 or the nonwoven strip to the Storage roller 28 pulled tight and retracted the material accordingly.

The feed rollers 32 can have all possible speed profiles, including a plateau profile (eg in the form of a truncated pyramid) with the same height, but different lengths of plateaus depending on the desired delivery amount of fiber material.

The co-moving from the feed rollers 32 roving 26 or the nonwoven strip is transported to a Öffnerwalze 36, which is preferably integrally formed and extending transversely to the transport direction and horizontally across all Zuführsegmente. Likewise, however, there may be a separate opening roll per feed segment.

The opener roller 36 is driven in the illustrated example in the same direction as the feed rollers 32. In addition, the opener roller 36 preferably has a clothing with respect to the direction of rotation protruding teeth, whereby it opens the twisted or compressed fiber flake material of the roving 26 and the fiber fleece strip particularly well so that loose fiber flakes or even fine fibers are peeled off. These fall into a corresponding discharge chute 38 and from there guided on the fiber flake mat 12. It can also be several discharge shafts 38 side by side provided for the different Zuführsegmente.

If desired, a cleaning roller 40 can still be arranged in the region of the dispensing shaft 38, which strips off the fiber flakes adhering to the teeth of the opening roller 36.

In the illustrated example case, the centers of the feed rollers 32 and the Öffnerwalze 36 are arranged on a horizontal line. In addition to the arrangement shown but are still many design options.

If desired, the result obtained by the profile changing device 22 can be checked further downstream by means of a second measuring device 42. The second measuring device 42 may be designed in the same way as the measuring device 14, that is, it may have, for example, a plurality of measuring wheels 44 and a plurality of evaluation devices 46.

It is also possible to arrange a further profile changing device 22 behind the second measuring device 42 in the event that the desired uniformity or the desired transverse profile or longitudinal profile of the fiber flake mat 12 is not achieved in one step.

During operation of the profile changing device 22, the control or regulating device 20 must therefore, in addition to the local arrangement of the measuring segments or the Zuführsegmente and the respective measurement data and the distance a between measuring range and profile change range and the respective speed v of the transport device, here the conveyor belt 10, for Consider control.

In the profile change then the respective feed roller 32 of the associated feed segment is driven at the right time at a certain speed and provides additional fiber or fiber flake material to the opening roll 36, which then reaches the right spot of the fiber flake mat 12 in the desired dosage.

If the profile changing device 22 is designed as a take-off device, it can work, for example, with mechanical tapping of fiber material from the fleece or from the fiber flake mat 12 or with suction of fiber material from the fleece or from the fiber fleece mat 12.

There are also other embodiments of the feeding into consideration. For example, various flute shafts may be provided, which correspond to the number of feed segments and are fed selectively with loose fiber flakes (for example, branched off before the fiber flake feeder 2).

Examples of other possible embodiments of the invention are described below.

In Fig. 2 another embodiment of the device for forming a fiber flake mat is shown. The material dispenser which produces the base fiber flake mat is a fiber flake feeder 2 as in the previous example Fig. 1 the fiber flakes are deposited by the fiber flake feeder 2 directly on the conveyor belt 10. The Faserflockenspeiser 2 can be configured in any commercial variant and has in the example shown at the bottom of an over the width of the conveyor belt 10 extending discharge roller 48. The measuring device 14 is configured identically as in FIG Fig. 1 , The conveyor belt 10 moves the fiber flake mat 12 produced by the device directly in this example to a solidifying machine 50, here a needle machine, which is indicated only schematically.

The profile changing device 22 is in the case of Fig. 2 also designed as a fiber flake feeder. This Faserflockenspeiser can be any commercially available Faserflockenspeiser, but has at its lower end a plurality of transverse to the transport direction and horizontally juxtaposed Zuführsegmente, which are controlled separately from the control or regulating device 20 from each other. Each feed segment is assigned one of a plurality of discharge metering rollers 52 arranged side by side over the width of the fiber flake mat 12 and which can be controlled separately from one another by the control or regulating device 20. The width of the feed segments, which essentially corresponds to the width of the discharge metering rollers 52, is again preferably between 5 mm and 100 mm, more preferably between 15 and 30 mm, even more preferably between 20 and 25 mm. The filling of the profile changing device 22 with fiber flake material via a feed tube 54, which, as in the illustrated example, as well as the feed tube 58 of the first fiber flake feeder 2 can branch off from a main feed line 60. An alternate flap 56 may provide for switching between the two feed tubes 54, 58. Likewise, the two feed tubes 54, 58 but also be filled via separate ways with fiber flake material.

The Austragsdosierwalzen 52 now give based on the measurement results of the measuring device 14 each fiber flake material at the desired locations of the fiber flake mat 12 from. Each Austragsdosierwalze 52 is for this purpose connected to its own servo motor 62. Usually, by the two-stage, controlled feeding of fiber flakes onto the conveyor belt 10, an absolutely homogeneous, uniform fiber flake mat 12 is to be produced, which is then fed to the solidifying machine 50. However, it is also conceivable to generate any desired profiles of the fiber flake mat 12 in a targeted manner.

In the Fig. 3 illustrated embodiment of the apparatus for forming a Faserflockenmatte substantially corresponds to the embodiment of Fig. 2 wherein the profile changing device 22 is slightly modified. Here, each feed segment, the respective Austragsdosierwalze 52 opposite one associated with a plurality of, across the width of the Faserflockenmatte 12 juxtaposed Pedalmulden 64 whose deflection is detected by a sensor 66 to the actual discharge amount of the fiber flake material in each feed segment. In the illustrated lateral cross-sectional view, only one discharge dosing roller 52, one pedal depression 64, and one sensor 66 of the juxtaposed elements are shown. The measurement results of the sensors 66 are preferably also transmitted to the control or regulating device 20 in order to be able to identify the quantity of fiber material actually delivered by the profile changing device 22 and to readjust the control accordingly. In addition to the use of pedal troughs 64, the deflection of which depends on the associated discharge metering roller 52 from the basis weight of the fiber material actually passed through the nip between discharge metering roller 52 and pedal trough 64, and a corresponding sensor 66, other types of detectors may also be used actually measured by the profile changing device 22 fiber flake material measure.

In the Fig. 4 illustrated embodiment of the apparatus for forming a Faserflockenmatte is similar to the embodiments of Fig. 2 and 3 , wherein at the lower end of the first fiber flake feeder 2 behind the discharge roller 48 in the same direction of rotation as the Austragswalze 48 driven Öffnerwalze 68 is arranged, optionally with adjoining, preferably rubberized cleaning roller 70. The Öffnerwalze 68 serves that of the take-off roller 68 by means of Continue to open trough 67 again upwardly conveyed fiber flake material and deliver in fine dosage on the conveyor belt 10, while the cleaning roller 70 strips on the teeth of the opening roller 68 stuck fiber flake material.

Likewise, the profile changing device 22, in addition to the plurality of Austragsdosierwalzen 52 having a driven in the same direction of rotation as the Austragsdosierwalzen 52 opening roller 72, which in turn serves to further from the Austragsdosierwalzen 52 by means of the trough 73 transported fiber flake material to further spread and on the conveyor belt 10. Again, there may be a cleaning roller 74 for stripping fibers remaining on the clothing of opener roller 72. There may be a single opener roller 72 which extends across the entire width of the fiber flake mat 12. It is also conceivable that there is a separate opener roller 72 per feed segment and thus per discharge metering roller 52.

In the in Fig. 5 In the illustrated embodiment of the apparatus for forming a nonwoven fabric, the material dispenser is configured as a feeder 76, which substantially the in Fig. 1 represented profile changing device 22 corresponds. In this way, the material dispensing device and profile changing device 22 are formed substantially the same. The measuring device 14 arranged between the material delivery device and the profile changing device 22 and the associated control or regulating device 20 have been omitted from this figure for reasons of clarity.

The web formed in the feeder 76 may have a relatively uniform profile, but may also have a very wavy cross-section. In any case, can with the device shown here, in which both the material dispensing device (feeder 76) and the profile changing device 22 each consists of juxtaposed Zuführsegmenten, each fed by its own roving 26 or its own fiber fleece strip, with high accuracy a fleece 78 with the desired profile properties are formed. Optionally, the feed segments of the profile changing device 22 may be laterally offset from the feed segments of the feeder 76, for example by half the width of a feed segment.

In the Fig. 6 illustrated embodiment of the apparatus for forming a Faserflockenmatte substantially corresponds to in Fig. 4 illustrated embodiment with the difference that the profile changing device 22 is not aligned transversely to the transport direction of the conveyor belt 10, but in the transport direction of the conveyor belt 10. The control or regulating device 20, which is also necessarily present in this exemplary embodiment, has again been omitted for reasons of clarity.

The profile changing device 22 is again designed as a feeding device in this example, which, however, is transversely to the transport direction of the conveyor belt 10 and over the maximum width and above the fiber flake mat 12 to be laid, see the arrows in Fig. 6 , Again, it is preferred if the movable feeding device has a plurality of in the transport direction of the conveyor belt 10 and horizontally juxtaposed feed segments, which are controlled separately from each other. The width of each feed segment of the traveling feeder is preferably between 5 and 100 mm, more preferably between 15 and 30 mm, even more preferably between 20 and 25 mm.

With this arrangement, it is possible to deliver essentially longitudinally oriented fibers to the conveyor belt 10 in the first fiber flake feeder 2, and in the profile changing device 22 substantially transversely oriented fibers to the conveyor belt 10 to give, so that the material properties of the fiber flake mat 12 can be selectively influenced. When the movable feed device is divided into different feed segments, the spatial resolution in the feeding of substantially transverse oriented fibers can also be increased. In combination with the regulation on the basis of the measurement result of the measuring device 14, fiber flake mats 12 can be formed in this way, which are not only particularly uniform or particularly precisely profiled, but also a different orientation of the fibers or fiber flakes in different areas or Layers of the fiber flake mat 12 and the fleece have.

It is important that the movable profile changing device 22 either has a moving material reservoir, or that the feed tube 80 for the profile changing device 22 is correspondingly stretchable or extendable to join the lateral deflections of the profile changing device 22. In the case of using a device for dispensing felts 26 or nonwoven strips, as in Fig. 1 and 5 shown, in a transversely movable profile changing device 22, only the profile changing device 22 including feed roller 32 can be moved transversely, while the dispenser 24 remains stationary. If present, the storage roller 28 can either be moved with the profile changing device 22 or remain stationary. Corresponding slack storage between said elements then provide the necessary material buffer for the transverse travel of the profile changing device 22.

In the Fig. 7 shown apparatus for forming a fiber flake mat corresponds to the embodiment of Fig. 6 , wherein between the first fiber flake feeder 2 and the profile changing device 22, a further Faserflockenspeiser 82 is arranged, which also represents a profile changing device with individual Zuführsegmenten. For the specific embodiment of the second fiber flake feeders 82, reference is made to the design of the profile changing device 22 in FIG Fig. 4 directed. The compulsory control or regulating device 20 was again not shown in the drawing for reasons of clarity. However, it is clear that not only the transversely movable profile changing device 22, but preferably also the Faserflockenspeiser 82 are controlled by the control or regulating device 22.

In Fig. 8 to 13 further embodiments of the device according to the invention are shown. For reasons of clarity, the necessarily existing measuring device 14 and the control or regulating device 20 are not shown. However, it should be clear that the profile changing device 22 is controlled by the control or regulating device 20 on the basis of the measurement result of the measuring device 14, as in the previously described embodiments.

In Fig. 8 the material dispensing device is configured again as a feed device 84 or web forming device, which dispenses a first quantity of fiber material onto the conveyor belt 10, which serves as the basis for forming the web 78. The feed device 84 has a plurality of axially adjacent feed rollers 102, one of which is assigned to a feed segment of the feed device 84. The width of the individual feed segments is preferably identical to the width in the previous examples. Each feed roller 102 is driven by its own servo motor 104. In the illustrated lateral cross-sectional view, only a feed roller 102 and a servo motor 104 can be seen. The fiber material is drawn in the direction of arrow A from the feed rollers 102 in a controlled manner and thus passes under the overhead trough 106 therethrough. This supports the transport of the supplied fiber material to a Öffnerwalze 108 which cooperates with the feed rollers 102 and strips individual fiber flakes or individual fibers from the feed rollers 102. The fiber material fed in the direction of the arrow A can be drawn in directly from a fiber flute shaft. Preferably, however, the fiber material is supplied in the form of fiber slivers 26 or nonwoven strips, for example by means of in Fig. 5 shown elements for feeding the roving 26 or the nonwoven strip to the feed rollers 32 shown there. While in the example of the Fig. 8 an overhead trough 106 is provided and the fiber material is fed from the feed rollers 102 obliquely from above into the space between the feed rollers 102 and opening roller 108, this, as in Fig. 5 shown, also at any time from diagonally down. Only the relative direction of rotation between the feed rollers 102 and the opener roller 108 would then be different, since the feed rollers 102 would then move in the same direction of rotation as the opener roller 108th

Depending on the distance between the feed rollers 102 and the opening roller 108 and the speed difference between the feed rollers 102 and the faster opening roller 108, the opener roller 108 opens the fiber material of the roving 26 or the nonwoven strip or the fiber flakes coming from the shaft to different degrees towards fiber flakes or even single fibers which subsequently fall down in the feeder 84.

For the definition of the fall distance corresponding guide elements 110 may be provided. The fiber material dissolved by the opener roller 108 per feed segment finally reaches a gap between two screen rollers 112, which are preferably driven at the same speed but in the opposite direction. These screen rollers 112 direct the fiber material in the feeder 84, for example, with the aid of another trough 114, on the conveyor belt 10. The distance and the relative altitude of the two screen rollers 112 are variably adjustable.

In the exit area of the feeder 84, a pinch roller 116 may be provided which rotates at the same speed as the conveyor belt 10 and compacts the formed web 78 between itself and the conveyor belt 10. If the pinch roller 116 and the conveyor belt 10 have a higher speed than the screen rollers 112, then in the area between the screen rollers 112 and the pinch roller 116, the web 78 is stretched in the transport direction of the conveyor belt 10, which in the web 78 to an even stronger orientation of the fibers in the longitudinal direction, ie along the transport direction of the conveyor belt 10 is used.

The profile changing device 22 is likewise designed as a feed device or as a web forming device, which has a multiplicity of individual nonwoven forming points. The structure of the profile changing device 22 here is essentially identical to the structure of the first feed device 84 and will therefore not be described in detail. The feed direction of the fiber material into the profile changing device 22 in the illustrated example in the direction of arrow B. The individual elements which have already been described with reference to the first feeder 84, here have the following reference numerals: feed rollers 202, servomotors 204, overhead trough 206, Opener roller 208, guide elements 210, screen rollers 212, lower trough 214 and pinch roller 216.

In the Fig. 8 Also, as with the profile changing devices 22 described in the following figures, the profile changing device 22 shown may be combined at any time with another material dispensing device, such as a conventional fiber flake feeder 2 as shown in FIG Fig. 1 shown, a Faserflockenspeiser 2 from Fig. 4 or a feeder 76 from Fig. 5 , It is also possible to use the in Fig. 5 such as FIG. 8 to 13 arranged profile changing devices 22 along the transport direction of the conveyor belt 10 and to arrange transversely movable, as the profile changing device 22 in the embodiments of Fig. 6 and 7 ,

Finally, it is also possible in the Fig. 8 to 13 illustrated material dispensers (first feeder 84) to be combined with other profile changing devices 22, for example, with the profile changing device 22 from Fig. 5 , In essence, all combinations of the material dispensers and profile changers 22 described herein are conceivable. A series of several profile changing devices 22 is conceivable.

Optionally, the Zuführsegmente the profile changing devices 22 in the Fig. 8 to 13 be offset laterally relative to the feed segments of the feeder 84, for example by half the width of a feed segment.

In the Fig. 9 illustrated embodiment of the apparatus for forming a nonwoven is similar to the embodiment of Fig. 8 , Again, the fiber material is drawn in the direction of arrow A by means of individually driven, over the width of the web to be laid 78 axially juxtaposed feed rollers 102 in the feeder 84. The feed rollers 102 are in this case somewhat obliquely below the opener roller 108, and as a guide element 110, a perforated plate is provided in this case. The two screen rollers 112 are again driven in opposite directions, wherein in the illustrated embodiment additionally suction devices 118 for sucking the screen rollers 112 are shown. The conveyor belt 10 is configured in the illustrated embodiment as a screen belt, which is also under-sucked by means of a suction device 120, so as to suck the stripped from the opener roller 108 fiber material to the desired area of the conveyor belt 10. In comparison with the embodiment of Fig. 8 In addition, the left screen roller 112 is arranged closer to the conveyor belt 10, so that the lower trough 114 can be omitted.

The profile changing device 22 in FIG Fig. 9 is configured substantially identical to the first feeding device 84. The fiber material is introduced in the direction of arrow B in the profile changing device 22. The suction devices for the screen rollers 212 are designated by reference numeral 218, and the suction device for sucking the conveyor belt 10 in the region of the profile changing device 22 is designated by reference numeral 220. Of course, the pinch rollers 116, 216, not shown here, could be made from the embodiment Fig. 8 also be used.

In the Fig. 10 illustrated embodiment of the first feeder 84 and the profile changing device 22 has in the catchment area (above the arrows which are to denote the falling fiber material) also a plurality of juxtaposed feed rollers 102 and a Öffnerwalze 108 (as in Fig. 8 or 9 ), which are not shown here anymore.

The counter-rotating screen rollers 112 are in the case of Fig. 10 partially entangled by screen belts 122, which are guided by the screen rollers 112 down and there are guided around a respective smaller guide roller 124. The guide rollers 124 are disposed near the surface of the conveyor belt 10 and define a discharge gap of the first feeder 84. The conveyor belt 10 is again configured as a screen belt, but this time at the exit of the feeder 84, two opposing pinch rollers 116 are arranged, one above the formed web 78 and one below the upper run of the conveyor belt 10. The pinch rollers 116 are driven in opposite directions and run at the same speed as the conveyor belt 10. When the speed of the pinch rollers 116 and the conveyor belt 10 is higher than the speeds V1 and V2 of the screen rollers 112 takes place again an extension of the laid web 78 in the longitudinal direction, ie in the transport direction of the conveyor belt. This leads to an increase in the fiber longitudinal orientation in the fleece 78. It is also possible to omit the two pinch rollers 116 at this point, if no stretching is to take place. The distance between the screen belts 122 is variable, as are the speeds V1 and V2 are adjustable separately.

The profile changing device 22 is in the example of the Fig. 10 again in principle identical to the first feed device 84, wherein the two rotating screen belts have the reference numeral 222 and the two lower guide rollers have been given the reference numeral 224.

In the Fig. 11 illustrated embodiment of the apparatus for forming a nonwoven fabric is in the upper region to the two screen rolls 112 substantially identical to the embodiment of Fig. 8 , Below the two screen rollers 112, however, a stretching device is arranged. The stretching device in this case comprises an upper starwheel 126 or garnished roller with its opposite, preferably spring-mounted, counter-pressure plate 128 defining therebetween a first clamping point for the fiber material, and a lower star roller 130 or garnished roller and a lower, preferably spring-mounted, counter-pressure plate 132, the lower star roller 130 opposite and defines a second terminal point with this. Preferably, the two star rollers 126 and 130 are disposed on opposite sides of the filling channel. A stretching of the fiber material in the filling channel takes place when the rotational speed of the lower star roller 130 is higher than the rotational speed of the upper star roller 126. The speed of the lower star roller 130 preferably corresponds to the speed of the conveyor belt 10. By the drawing finds a stronger expression of Longitudinal orientation of the fibers instead, so that on the conveyor belt 10 finally a web 78 is deposited with more along the transport direction of the conveyor belt 10 oriented fibers. The shape and arrangement of the elements for stretching can of course be varied in many ways here. For example, to define each nip also a pair of nip rollers (smooth, rubberized or garnished) or star roller pair can be used.

In the Fig. 11 described profile changing device 22 is configured substantially identical to the first feeding device 84. In this case, the profile changing device 22, the fiber material is fed in the direction of arrow B, and compared to the embodiment of Fig. 8 newly added elements are upper star roller 226, upper platen 228, lower star roller 230, and lower platen 232.

The in Fig. 12 illustrated web formers 84 substantially corresponds to the embodiment of Fig. 8 , wherein the two screen rollers 112 are replaced by other guiding and stretching elements. On the left outer edge of a screen belt 134 is arranged around a plurality of guide rollers 136 around so that it defines an inclined guide surface for the fiber material in the direction of the conveyor belt 10. At least one of the guide rollers 136 is driven, so that the screen belt 134 moves at the same speed. In addition, the screen belt 134, as in Fig. 12 shown, with a suction device 138 under-sucked. The inclined guide surface of the screen belt 134 opposite an upper disk roller 140 is arranged, which is driven at the same speed as the screen belt 134 and together with the screen belt 134 defines a first clamping point for the transported fiber material. Diagonally below this pinch roller 140, a star roller 142 is arranged, which in turn with the conveyor belt 10th forms a second clamping point for the fiber material. Subsequent to the star roller 142, a further pinch roller 144 may be provided for compressing the web 78.

A stretching device is provided when the speed of the star roller 142, which corresponds to the speed of the conveyor belt 10, is greater than the speed of the screen belt 134 and pinch roller 140. In this way, as described in detail in the embodiments above, the longitudinal orientation the fibers of the web 78 reinforced. In this embodiment, too, there are manifold possibilities for the design of the individual components, which are within the scope of the knowledge of the person skilled in the art.

The profile changing device 22 of Fig. 12 is essentially identical to the first feeder 84 constructed. The compared with Fig. 8 newly added elements are the screen belt 234, the idler rollers 236, the suction device 238, the pinch roller 240, the star roller 242 and the optional lower pinch roller 244.

In the 8 to 12 Feed rollers 102, 202 shown are each provided with sets whose teeth are directed in the direction of rotation of the feed rollers 102, 202 forward. It is also possible or even preferred that the teeth of the sets of feed rollers 102, 202 are directed in the direction of rotation to the rear. It can also be used completely different trimmings.

In the Fig. 13 illustrated embodiment of the apparatus for forming a nonwoven comprises a profile changing device 22, whose lower part, from the screen rollers 212 down, the embodiment of Fig. 8 equivalent. However, the catchment area is changed in contrast. The fiber material is introduced in this embodiment above the feed rollers 202 in the direction of arrow B and then conveyed by the opener roller 208, which runs in the same direction of rotation as the feed rollers 202, along the overhead trough 206. The overhead trough 206 may also be configured in two parts. After a half turn of the opener roller 208, the fiber material drops into the discharge chute and finally passes between the screen rollers 212. In order to assist the detachment process of the fiber material from the opening roller 208, an air flow generator 250 can be used, which from the top generates an air flow at the top Opener roll 208 passes (aerodynamic web formation).

The first feeding device 84 of the Fig. 13 substantially corresponds to the delivery device 84 Fig. 8 , In addition, here in the intermediate region between feed rollers 102 and opener roller 108 indicated by the arrows, an air flow from above, which supports the detachment of the fiber material from the opener roller 108 down. Such a measure can also be used in all embodiments of the 8 to 12 be applied.

The pre-web formed in the feeder 84 may have a relatively uniform profile, but may also have a very wavy cross-section. In any case, can with the device shown here, in which both the material dispensing device (feeder 84) and the profile changing device 22 each consists of juxtaposed Zuführsegmenten, each fed by its own roving 26 or its own fiber fleece strip, with high accuracy, a nonwoven 78 with the desired profile properties are formed. Optionally, the feed segments of the profile changing device 22 may be laterally offset from the feed segments of the feeder 84, for example by half the width of a feed segment.

In the embodiments of the Fig. 8 to 13 So far, only the feed rollers 102, 202 have been described as individually controllable, axially juxtaposed elements, each of which feed roller 102, 202 is associated with a feed segment of the feeder 84 and the profile changing device 22. But there are many more elements of the Fig. 8 to 13 be shown segmented, ie juxtaposed and individually controllable present, each feed segment is assigned a respective segment of these elements. This applies, for example, to the screen rollers 112, 212, the screen belts 122, 222, the star rollers 126, 130, 226, 230 and the screen belts 134, 234 and the clamping rollers 140, 240 and star rollers 142, 242 lying opposite them.

All of the sheets, strips and rollers shown as sieve elements in the figures can be back-sucked or passively pass air through the openings. In part, these elements can also be replaced by full-surface, equivalent elements.

Likewise, the nature and design of the rollers, belts and troughs used and the relative geometric arrangement of the individual parts in the illustrated embodiments can be modified by the person skilled in the art to the respective intended use. In particular, the distance between the rollers and belts in the embodiments of Fig. 8 to 13 is not to scale and also variably adjustable. The described embodiments and the schematic sketches are intended to represent only the basic principle of the inventive idea.

Finally, the elements of the individual embodiments of the feeders 76, 84 and the profile changing device 22 can be combined with each other almost arbitrarily.

Claims (15)

Apparatus for forming a leveled or profiled web (78) or a homogenized or profiled fiber flake mat (12), comprising: a material dispenser (2, 76, 84) which produces a web (78) or a fiber flake mat (12) of predetermined width; one of the material dispensing device (2, 76, 84) downstream transport device (4, 10) for further transport of the web (78) or the Faserflockenmatte (12) in a transport direction; a measuring device (14) for measuring the basis weight of the fleece (78) or the fiber flake mat (12) over its transverse width to the transport direction in a measuring range of the transport device (4, 10) for determining a transverse profile and longitudinal profile of the web (78) or the fiber flake mat (12); a profile changing device (22) in a profile changing area downstream of the measuring area, the profile changing device (22) comprising a feeding device for feeding dissolved fibers or fiber flakes onto the web or fiber flake mat (12) and / or a picking device for removing dissolved fibers or fiber flakes from the web Nonwoven fabric (78) or of the fiber flake mat (12); and a control device (20), which is designed to control the profile changing device (22) on the basis of the results of the measuring device (14) such that the profile changing device (22) for equalizing the fleece (78) or the Faserflockenmatte (12 ) dissolves dissolved fibers or fiber flakes on determined thin spots of the fleece (78) or the Faserflockenmatte (12) or dissolved fibers or fiber flakes of determined thicknesses of the web (78) or the Faserflockenmatte (12) decreases, or that the profile changing device (22) for forming a desired uneven transverse profile and / or longitudinal profile of the web (78) or the Faserflockenmatte (12) with thin points and thick spots dissolved fibers or fiber flakes selectively supplies or decreases. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring device (14) is a radiometric measuring device. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring device (14) is a mechanical measuring device. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the measuring device (14) has a plurality of transverse to the transport direction juxtaposed measuring wheels (16) whose deflection is recorded in an evaluation device (18). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profile changing device (22) has a plurality of transverse to the transport direction and horizontally juxtaposed feed segments, which are controlled separately from each other by the control or regulating device (20). Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that each feed segment has a width of between 5 and 100 mm, preferably between 15 and 30 mm, more preferably between 20 and 25 mm. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material delivery device (2, 76, 84) is a fiber flake feeder (2). Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the material dispensing device (2, 76, 84) is a web forming means (76, 84). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed device for feeding dissolved fibers or fiber flakes onto the fleece or the fiber flake mat (12) comprises a plurality of feed rolls (32, 202) arranged side by side over the width of the fleece or the fiber flake mat (12). has, which are controlled separately from each other by the control or regulating device (20). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply device for feeding dissolved fibers or fiber flakes on the nonwoven (78) or the Faserflockenmatte (12) has a fiber flake shaft as a material reservoir. Device according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that each feeder segment is associated with a dispensing device (24) for storing and delivering a roving (26) or a non-woven fabric strip. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the material dispensing device (2, 76, 84) is a fiber flake feeder (2), that the profile changing device (22) comprises a plurality of transverse to the transport direction and horizontally juxtaposed feed segments, which of the control or regulating device ( 20) are controllable separately from each other, that the supply device for feeding dissolved fibers or fiber flakes onto the fiber flake mat (12) has a fiber flute shaft as a material reservoir and is designed as a second fiber flake feeder, wherein each feed segment is one of several, across the width of the fiber flake mat (12) associated side by side Austragsdosierwalzen (52), which are controlled separately from each other by the control or regulating device (20). Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that each feed segment, the respective Austragsdosierwalze (52) opposite, one of a plurality, over the width of the Faserflockenmatte (12) arranged side by side, deflectable pedal troughs (64) is associated. Process for forming a leveled or profiled nonwoven (78) or a uniform or profiled fiber flake mat (12), comprising the following steps: - Producing a fleece (78) or a Faserflockenmatte (12) of predetermined width by means of a material dispensing device (2, 76, 84); - Further transporting the web (78) or the fiber flake mat (12) in a transport direction by means of a transport device (4, 10); - Measuring the basis weight of the web (78) or the Faserflockenmatte (12) over its width in a measuring range of the transport device (4, 10) for determining a transverse profile and longitudinal profile of the web (78) or the Faserflockenmatte (12); and - Automatically controlled feeding of dissolved fibers or fiber flakes on determined thin points of the web (78) or the Faserflockenmatte (12) or removal of dissolved fibers or fiber flakes of determined thicknesses of the web (78) or the Faserflockenmatte (12) in a profile change region downstream of the measuring range by means of a profile changing device (22) for equalizing the fleece (78) or the Faserflockenmatte (12), or automatically controlled feeding of dissolved fibers or fiber flakes on the web (78) or the Faserflockenmatte (12) or removing dissolved fibers or fiber flakes of the Web (78) or of the fiber flake mat (12) in a profile change region downstream of the measuring range by means of a profile changing device (22) to form a desired non-uniform cross profile and / or longitudinal profile of the web (78) or the Faserflockenmatte (12) with thin and thick places. A method according to claim 14, characterized in that the controlled feeding of dissolved fibers or fiber flakes by separate control of several transverse to the transport direction and horizontally juxtaposed feed segments of the profile changing device (22).

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