EP2695687B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de structure composite - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de structure composite Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2695687B1
EP2695687B1 EP13003884.7A EP13003884A EP2695687B1 EP 2695687 B1 EP2695687 B1 EP 2695687B1 EP 13003884 A EP13003884 A EP 13003884A EP 2695687 B1 EP2695687 B1 EP 2695687B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
covering
moulded part
metallic material
casting process
metal
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EP13003884.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2695687A1 (fr
Inventor
Christoph Pille
Franz-Josef Wöstmann
Jörg IHDE
Jan Clausen
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Universitaet Bremen
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Universitaet Bremen
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/0081—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product pretreatment of the insert, e.g. for enhancing the bonding between insert and surrounding cast metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/04—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for joining parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/10—Repairing defective or damaged objects by metal casting procedures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a component having a composite structure of a fiber composite material and a metallic material, wherein introduced in a process alternative at least one molded part of the fiber composite material in a mold and cast at least a portion of the molded part in a casting process with the metallic material becomes.
  • the fiber composite material may be a fiber-reinforced plastic, in particular a carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), which is encapsulated with aluminum, for example.
  • CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic
  • metallic structures By combining metallic structures with fiber-reinforced plastics, it is possible to produce lightweight and mechanically resilient composite materials. Such a combination of materials is also referred to as a hybrid or composite structure.
  • a combination of materials For the production of particularly light structures, the combination of the materials aluminum and CFRP, as well as modifications of these classes of materials such as, for example, aluminum alloys or other fiber-reinforced plastics such as glass fiber reinforced plastics (GRP).
  • GRP glass fiber reinforced plastics
  • other metals or metal alloys are available. This also applies to the method according to the invention.
  • connection between fiber composites and metal materials is in many cases by riveting or adhesive joints. Furthermore, it is, for example, from the DE 10 2009 048 709 A1 known to produce such a composite structure by a casting process.
  • a molded part is introduced from the fiber composite material in a mold and cast around with the molten metal.
  • the molten metal penetrates at least partially into the fiber composite material and envelops the fibers present there. This leads to a cohesive connection between the two materials.
  • this cohesive connection is made only in some surface areas of the molded part, wherein the other areas are covered with a thermal insulating layer to avoid damage to the fiber composite material by the high temperature of the molten metal during the casting process.
  • the DE 10 2010 050 970 A1 discloses a method for producing a component having a composite structure of a fiber composite material and a metallic material, in which at least the portion of the molded part which is encapsulated with the metallic material, before the casting process is provided with a sheath. We chose a thermally stable layer for the cladding.
  • the DE 102 05 958 A1 shows the use of a structured surface in the manufacture of a light metal component with a cast-in part.
  • the WO 2005/084852 A1 describes a structure of a composite component comprising a sheet metal structure and a light metal structure cast on this at least partially. To prevent a direct contact between the light metal structure and the sheet metal structure in a boundary region of the surface of the Sheet metal structure is arranged an electrical insulation layer in this boundary region.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a component having a composite structure of a fiber composite material and a metallic material, with which electrochemical corrosion can be avoided and which can be realized in a simple manner.
  • the proposed method for producing a component having a composite structure of a fiber composite material and a metallic material at least one molded part made from the fiber composite material is introduced into a casting mold and at least a portion of the molded part is cast in a casting process with the metallic material in a first alternative process.
  • the method is characterized in that at least the portion of the molded part, which is encapsulated with the metallic material, is surrounded prior to the casting process with an electrically insulating sheath, which prevents contact of the fiber composite material and the metallic material during and after the casting process and form - and or non-positively connected to the molding and the metal.
  • the envelope is selected from a material which at least partially softens or melts through the casting process and is provided as an independent component.
  • the electrically insulating sheath for the molded part is introduced into the casting mold and cast in a casting process with the metallic material.
  • the molded part is then connected to the electrically insulating sheath at a later time.
  • This can also be done by form and / or adhesion.
  • the molded part can be connected, for example by a thermal process, in particular in a casing which is at least partially made of a thermoplastic material, or also via an adhesive bond with the sheath.
  • the enclosure is of course dimensioned and potted with the metal that the molding can be used after the casting process in the enclosure and is isolated by the envelope of the metal.
  • the surface of the molding and / or the envelope is preferably provided with a macroscopic structure, which ensures the positive connection between the casing and the molding or between the cladding and metal.
  • the structure can already be produced during the production of the molded part and / or the cover or can also be subsequently introduced into the surface.
  • a CFRP is preferably used as a fiber composite material.
  • the metallic material is formed from the desired metal or metal alloy, preferably aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the proposed method makes it possible to produce a positive and / or non-positive joining connection of a fiber composite material and a metal over the sheath, which also provides an electrical insulation to avoid electrochemical corrosion between the materials to be joined.
  • the coating hereinafter also referred to as inlay, acts as an electrochemical separating layer between the two materials. It also avoids the infiltration of the molten metal during the casting process in the fiber composite material and, with a suitable choice of material and at least partially compensate for influences of different thermal expansion of the two materials to be joined on the connection strength, as will be explained below.
  • CFK element produced on gauge gauge or a CFRP semi-finished product with the cladding serving as intermediate layer can be cast directly with molten metal.
  • the CFRP is enclosed by the enclosure by direct form and / or adhesion of the solidified metal and connected to this. In this way, both simple material composites and direct component component or semifinished product composites are produced.
  • the enclosure consists of an electrically non-conductive material, depending on the process variant, for example. From a thermoplastic polymer, a thermosetting polymer, a combination of thermoplastic and thermosetting polymer, a ceramic or a paint. Examples of suitable materials for the enclosure are PA (polyamide), PPS (polyphenylene sulfide), PC (polycarbonate), LCP (liquid crystal polymer), POM (polyoxymethylene), PEEK (polyetheretherketone), PI (polyimide) or PAI (polyamideimide).
  • PA polyamide
  • PPS polyphenylene sulfide
  • PC polycarbonate
  • LCP liquid crystal polymer
  • POM polyoxymethylene
  • PEEK polyetheretherketone
  • PI polyimide
  • PAI polyamideimide
  • This independent component may be formed, for example, in the form of a sleeve, a dowel, preferably also with a corresponding corrugated surface structure, or even a socket as in a connector.
  • a casing which preferably also has a laterally projecting edge, as in the case of a dowel, can be handled easily, can be provided or produced in a simple manner with a suitable surface structuring, and can be used in the different process variants.
  • the envelope is chosen in the process of a material that in the subsequent contact with the molten metal is not thermally or at least not completely destroyed, so that the electrical insulation function is maintained even after the manufacture of the component.
  • the material of the enclosure may be thermally resistant upon contact with the molten metal in the second process variant so that the enclosure is not converted from the solid phase and not thermally damaged or destroyed, for example.
  • thermoset material or a ceramic when choosing a thermoset material or a ceramic.
  • the material may also be chosen in the second process variant or is chosen in the first process variant so that it is not thermally dimensionally stable, so that it is transferred or softened due to the heat energy from the molten metal from the solid to the liquid phase, if necessary Its shape (contour) can change, and is returned to the solid phase after cooling the molten metal, without losing its insulating material properties due to the thermal influence.
  • a thermoplastic material A combination of a thermoplastic material with a thermoset material is possible.
  • the thermoset material forms the inner core of the envelope which is externally surrounded by the thermoplastic material.
  • the material of the cladding when in contact with the molten metal, must have no effect on the quality of the molten and solidifying molten metal, preferably without causing outgassing or material residues which lead to porosities or defects in the metallic cast matrix.
  • the joint between the fiber composite material and the cladding and between the cladding and the metallic material is designed in an advantageous embodiment so that a positive connection between these components is produced.
  • the surface of the molded part is preferably modified by a rib, edge or wave structure, by undercuts, recesses or holes or combinations thereof.
  • a positive connection with the envelope or the inlay is achieved.
  • such structures can also be made in the inlay.
  • Such a structure or contour can also be laminated in advance in the fiber composite element by the fiber orientation of this element is carried out accordingly, so that the fibers for this production of the contour need not be destroyed.
  • undercuts in the fiber composite element see. Fig.
  • the fiber composite element 4 can be laid in accordance with the production of the fiber composite element, the fibers so that they need not be severed or damaged for the formation of undercuts.
  • the fiber composite element can also be subsequently machined mechanically to incorporate this contour. This can be done, for example, by drilling, milling, cutting or sawing.
  • the positive connection between the molded part and the envelope can be realized in the first alternative method before the casting process or arise only during the casting process. Due to the as a separate hollow body or made of a thermoplastic material, the positive connection can be made to the molded part in an occurring after insertion of the molded part in the enclosure thermal treatment step.
  • This thermal treatment step may, for example, by the high temperature during the casting process itself, by a heat treatment of the casting after the casting process or subsequently by local heating, for example by inductive heating, or in the context of z.
  • a frictional connection is additionally produced by solidification shrinkage of the envelope or of the inlay between the envelope or the inlay and the shaped part.
  • the sheath is preferably also provided with a macroscopic surface structure to the metallic material in order to achieve a positive connection with the metallic material.
  • the corresponding surface structure or contour can be carried out in the first alternative method during the completion of the composite of molded part and wrapping or subsequently by external processing.
  • the intermediate product of the molded part with the covering is finally inserted into a casting mold intended for metal casting, positioned and fixed.
  • the production of the positive connection between this composite and the metal by casting with molten metal, wherein the envelope does not affect the cast or structural quality of the potted metal.
  • the surrounding metal after completion of the joint connection on no direct and electrically conductive contact with the fiber composite material.
  • this frictional connection can optionally be intensified, regulated and defined by re-compaction, for example in a pressure casting process.
  • the connecting layer or the inlay is selected from a material whose thermal expansion coefficient lies between that of the fiber composite material and that of the metal used.
  • the component produced by the method accordingly consists of a composite structure of a fiber composite material and a metallic material and has at least one molded part of the fiber composite material, of which at least a portion is embedded in a matrix of the metallic material.
  • This section of the molded part is positively and / or non-positively surrounded with an electrically insulating sheath, which makes contact of the fiber composite material with the prevents metallic material.
  • the component has the corresponding materials and surface structures of the molded part and the cover.
  • Such components can be used in many technical fields, in which it depends on a lightweight and mechanically strong component. This concerns, for example, the areas of the automotive industry, aviation, rail vehicles, plant construction or wind turbines.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a cross section through a molded part 1 made of a CFRP fiber laminate, in which the individual fibers 6 of this fiber composite material are indicated.
  • a fiber laminate with a macroscopically structured surface is provided or generated to produce a positive connection with the subsequent cladding, as shown by way of example in FIGS FIGS. 2 and 3 is shown.
  • FIG. 2 shows a correspondingly structured molded part 1, in which the structuring is achieved by introducing openings 4 or holes.
  • FIG. 3 shows a surface structure 5 of the molding 1, which is formed by grooves, notches and edges.
  • the fiber laminate is in this case formed or shaped according to the desired geometric shape of the molded part 1.
  • the macroscopic surface contour or Structure for the positive connection can be done either already during the manufacturing process of the molding 1 or subsequently by external machining.
  • this molded part 1 with the envelope three variants are exemplified below, of which only the variant with the thermoplastic material represents an embodiment of the proposed method.
  • a sheath 2 made of a thermosetting material is used.
  • This envelope is applied to the molded part 1.
  • FIG. 4 shows the enveloped by the envelope 2 molded part 1 in cross section, the structures 4 in this example FIG. 2 having. These structures 4 are completely filled by the envelope 2, so that a positive fixed connection with the molded part 1 is generated.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section along the axis A - A 'through the enveloped molding of the FIG. 4 .
  • a thermoset material can be used, for example, PI.
  • this coated molded part is inserted into a casting mold up to the laterally projecting edge of the envelope 2 and encapsulated with the metal. By solidification shrinkage and possibly additionally by re-compaction, a frictional connection between the metal 3 and casing 2 is produced.
  • the finished component is in FIG. 6 shown in cross section.
  • the casing 2 is additionally structured on the surface after application to the molded part 1, as described in US Pat FIG. 7 is recognizable.
  • the Enclosure 2 encased molding 1 shown in cross section, which in this example a combination of the structures 4, 5 of the FIGS. 2 and 3 having. These structures 4, 5 are completely filled by the sheath 2, so that a positive fixed connection with the molded part 1 is generated.
  • FIG. 8 shows a cross section along the axis A - A 'through the enveloped molding of the FIG. 7 , The subsequently cast metal 3 fills this contour according to the same principle, so that a tight fit is also produced between the casing 2 and the metal 3. This is in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 9 to recognize.
  • This positive connection can be combined due to solidification shrinkage and possibly additionally by re-compaction with a frictional connection.
  • the sheath 2 is selected from a thermoplastic material.
  • the application of this envelope can be done in the same manner as in the previous variant. This also applies to the connection with the metallic material.
  • the envelope is prefabricated separately in the form of a sleeve (inlay), a coating or a corresponding structure of a thermoplastic material.
  • This sleeve 2 or this hollow body is then pushed onto the molding 1 or set or attached, as in FIG. 12 shown schematically, and inserted together with the molding 1 in the casting mold for metal casting.
  • FIG. 13 shows the casting with the metallic melt 8 in the mold 7.
  • the positive or frictional connection is not in these figures detect.
  • FIG. 14 represents the finished component.
  • FIG. 10 shows a further example of such a sheath 2 in the form of a prefabricated sleeve 2, which is pushed over the molded part 1 and in which the molded part 1 is inserted. Again, the molding 1 on the surface again corresponding structures for positive engagement.
  • a positive connection between the casing 2 and the molded part 1 can be produced immediately after being pushed on. In the present example, however, the positive connection takes place only during the subsequent casting process.
  • the thermal energy of the molten metal heats the casing 2 and transfers it from the solid to the liquid phase.
  • the enclosure 2 can now fill the prepared in the molded part 1 for a positive connection with the molded part 1 contour. Possibly.
  • This process step can be supported by appropriate squeezer or post-compaction technology in metal casting.
  • the casing 2 solidifies again and assumes a positive connection with the molded part 1 as well as with the surrounding metal 3, depending on the given surface contour of the molded article 1 and if necessary, the envelope 2.
  • the corresponding manufactured component is in FIG. 11 shown in cross section.
  • FIGS. 15 to 17 show an example of a further variant of the proposed method.
  • a sleeve 2 made of thermoplastic Material prefabricated, placed on a mold 7 and encapsulated with the metallic melt 8, as in FIG. 15 indicated.
  • the molded part 1 is then inserted from the fiber laminate into the component obtained in this way (cf. FIG. 16 ).
  • a permanent connection between the sleeve 2 and molded part 1 is produced, here by, for example, inductive heating 9 of the connection zone.
  • FIG. 17 shown schematically. In this way, a component can be produced in which an electrical contact between the molded part 1 and the surrounding metal 3 is prevented by an electrically insulating layer.
  • the sheath can also at least partially compensate for the different coefficients of thermal expansion of the two composite materials, ie the fiber composite material and the metal, in order to enable a permanent joint connection even with strong temperature fluctuations.
  • the joint connection must withstand the different material expansion of the two materials with temperature changes.
  • the cladding can account for the differential thermal expansion in the following manner.
  • a compensation of the different thermal expansion of the two materials on the material properties of the envelope takes place.
  • the enclosure is chosen from a material that is specifically to the composite materials to be joined is adjusted and thus compensates for different thermal expansion material technically. In this case - but need not - the respective shape / adhesion between the CFRP and casing as well as between the casing and the metal remain unchanged when the temperature changes.
  • the compensation of the thermal expansion of the composite materials CFRP and metal then takes place due to the material only by the coating itself.
  • the compensation of the different thermal expansion on the structural design of the envelope takes place.
  • the envelope may be equalized in its thermal expansion of one of the two composite materials.
  • the compensation of material expansion with temperature change via a suitable structural shape in the joint, which maintains a positive and possibly non-positive connection between the fiber composite material and the cladding or between the cladding and the metal even if the respective composite materials expand differently ,
  • Such a shape may preferably be a self-interlocking toothing, which allows a spatial working of the material fronts.
  • a self-regulating compensation of the thermal expansions of the two materials involved, ie the fiber composite material and the metal takes place.
  • the properties of the different thermal expansion behavior of CFRP and aluminum are used. While with increasing temperature aluminum thermal expansion Depending on the alloy content of 20 to 24 * 10 -6 K -1 , this is between 0 and 0, 2 * 10 -6 K -1 for CFRP. Depending on the fiber direction, this can even become negative.
  • the cladding takes over the at least partial compensation of different thermal expansion coefficients of the composites CFRP and metal, both during the phase of composite production (casting) and during the use / operation phase of the component produced by the proposed method.
  • An advantage of the proposed method in the first alternative method is that the so far only consuming to be joined composites CFRP and metal can now be connected together in a manufacturing step (metal casting) directly in complex geometries, without causing a subsequent electrochemical corrosion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un composant avec une structure composite constituée d'un matériau composite à fibres et d'un matériau métallique (3), dans lequel au moins une pièce moulée (1) constituée du matériau composite à fibres est placée dans un moule de coulage (7) et au moins une portion de la pièce moulée (1) est enrobée par coulage dans un processus de coulage avec le matériau métallique (3),
    dans lequel au moins la portion de la pièce moulée (1), qui est enrobée par coulage avec le matériau métallique (3) est pourvue avant le processus de coulage d'une enveloppe (2) électriquement isolante, qui empêche un contact du matériau composite à fibres avec le matériau métallique (3) et est relié par conjonction de forme et/ou de force avec la pièce moulée (1) et le matériau métallique (3), dans lequel l'enveloppe (2) est sélectionné dans un matériau, qui se ramollit ou fond au moins partiellement en raison du processus de coulage et est fourni comme un composant autonome.
  2. Procédé de fabrication d'un composant avec une structure composite constituée d'un matériau composite à fibres et d'un matériau métallique (3), dans lequel au moins une portion d'une pièce moulée (1) constituée du matériau métallique à fibres est reliée avec un matériau métallique (3), dans lequel une enveloppe (2) électriquement isolante est fournie comme composant autonome au moins pour la portion de la pièce moulée (1), qui empêche un contact de la pièce moulée (1) avec le matériau métallique (3), l'enveloppe (2) électriquement isolante est placée dans un moule de coulage (7) et est enrobée par coulage lors d'un processus de coulage avec le matériau métallique (3) et dans lequel la pièce moulée (1) constituée du matériau composite à fibres est reliée après le processus de coulage avec l'enveloppe (2) électriquement isolante.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce
    que la liaison par conjonction de forme et/ou de force de l'enveloppe (2) avec la pièce moulée (1) est effectuée par l'intermédiaire du processus de coulage.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 3,
    caractérisé en ce
    que la liaison par conjonction de force de l'enveloppe (2) avec la pièce moulée (1) est renforcée et/ou régulée et/ou réglée de manière définie par compactage ultérieur lors du processus de coulage.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce
    que l'enveloppe (2) pendant ou après la liaison avec la pièce moulée au moins partiellement ponctuellement est ramollie ou fondue par l'action thermique, afin d'obtenir une liaison par conjonction de forme avec la pièce moulée (1).
  6. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce
    que la pièce moulée (1) est enfichée dans l'enveloppe (2) ou l'enveloppe (2) est enfoncée sur la pièce moulée (1).
  7. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce
    que la pièce moulée (1) est pourvue avant l'enveloppe d'une structure de surface macroscopique (4, 5).
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé en ce
    que comme structure de surface (3, 4) de la pièce moulée (1), on choisit une structure constituée de nervures ou arêtes ou ondulations ou une structure avec des contre-dépouilles ou évidements ou trous ou une structure avec une combinaison au choix de ces éléments structurels.
  9. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce
    que l'enveloppe (2) est pourvue d'une structure de surface sur sa surface venant en contact avec le matériau métallique (3).
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9,
    caractérisé en ce
    que comme structure de surface (3, 4) de l'enveloppe (2), on choisit une structure de nervures ou arêtes ou ondulations avec es contre-dépouilles ou cavités ou une structure avec une combinaison au choix de ces éléments structurels.
  11. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 10,
    caractérisé en ce
    que l'enveloppe (2) est sélectionnée au moins partiellement dans un matériau thermoplastique.
  12. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 11,
    caractérisé en ce
    que l'enveloppe (2) est dimensionnée de telle sorte qu'elle s'étende dans le composant sur la portion de la pièce moulée (1), qui est entourée par le matériau métallique (3).
EP13003884.7A 2012-08-10 2013-08-02 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de structure composite Active EP2695687B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012015944.7A DE102012015944A1 (de) 2012-08-10 2012-08-10 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils mit einer Verbundstruktur sowie mit dem Verfahren herstellbares Bauteil

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EP2695687B1 true EP2695687B1 (fr) 2017-03-22

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DE102015207815A1 (de) * 2015-04-28 2016-11-03 Technische Universität Dresden Kohlefaser-Metall-Verbundwerkstoff
DE102015119396A1 (de) * 2015-11-11 2017-05-11 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Verbundbauteil und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundbauteils
DE102019218125B3 (de) * 2019-11-25 2021-01-21 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Verfahren zum formschlüssigen Verbinden eines stabförmigen Körpers aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff mit einem Metallkörper
DE102019218124B3 (de) * 2019-11-25 2021-01-21 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zum formschlüssigen Verbinden eines Hohlkörpers aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff mit einem Metallkörper
DE102020203664A1 (de) 2020-03-20 2021-09-23 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein Verfahren zum gusstechnischen Verbinden eines Bauteils mit einem Metall

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US5616421A (en) * 1991-04-08 1997-04-01 Aluminum Company Of America Metal matrix composites containing electrical insulators
AT405039B (de) * 1996-02-08 1999-04-26 Electrovac Verbundbauteil
AU734375B2 (en) * 1997-08-21 2001-06-14 Toray Industries, Inc. Light metal/CFRP-made structural members
DE10205958A1 (de) * 2002-02-14 2003-08-28 Daimler Chrysler Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Leichtmetallbauteils und Eingussteil
DE102004010763C5 (de) * 2004-03-05 2008-06-12 Daimler Ag Verbundbauteil
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