EP2690602A2 - Procédé de contrôle de péage et installations de contrôle de péage ainsi que le système de péage doté des installations de contrôle de péage de ce type - Google Patents

Procédé de contrôle de péage et installations de contrôle de péage ainsi que le système de péage doté des installations de contrôle de péage de ce type Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2690602A2
EP2690602A2 EP13075048.2A EP13075048A EP2690602A2 EP 2690602 A2 EP2690602 A2 EP 2690602A2 EP 13075048 A EP13075048 A EP 13075048A EP 2690602 A2 EP2690602 A2 EP 2690602A2
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Prior art keywords
vehicle
toll
control
central
mode
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EP13075048.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2690602A3 (fr
Inventor
Dirk Lorenzen
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Toll Collect GmbH
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Toll Collect GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2690602A2 publication Critical patent/EP2690602A2/fr
Publication of EP2690602A3 publication Critical patent/EP2690602A3/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G07B15/06—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems
    • G07B15/063—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems using wireless information transmission between the vehicle and a fixed station

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control method in a toll system, as well as an on-board, decentralized control device and a vehicle-external, central control device.
  • the second problem in a toll system is the control of toll vehicles for the correct collection of the toll or at least for a toll-based operation.
  • this control is done by roadside controllers that wirelessly communicate tolling vehicle equipment carried by the vehicles passing through the roadside controllers to request and verify toll information from them.
  • Toll information is understood to be information that is representative of an entitlement to drive on a toll road section or a tollable area through a toll vehicle and is assigned to this vehicle.
  • This toll information may be given by a vehicle position, an identification of a toll section or a toll area (for example an electronic vignette) or by a toll, which is dependent on the area or the route.
  • An assignment of the toll information to the toll vehicle can be done on the vehicle side by the toll information stored in the data memory of the toll vehicle and entrusted by the toll vehicle vehicle device is stored, and / or centrally by the toll information linked to a vehicle identifier, such as the vehicle registration number in the data memory a central data processing device of a toll system is stored.
  • a toll vehicle is considered to be liable for tolling if the toll information assigned to it corresponds to the right of use for the section of the route or for the toll area that the toll vehicle is traveling on.
  • OBU on-board unit
  • the object of the invention in this context is to allow the toll operator without roadside facilities a data-sparing, automated and efficient control of toll vehicles, which can respond flexibly to certain control requirements or control situations.
  • a central control device transmits at least one condition to a second vehicle (20) in order to control the toll-liable operation of a tolled first vehicle (10), which automatically switches from a rest mode to a control mode upon fulfillment of this condition, in which a picture of one of the first vehicle is taken by a decentralized control device (200) carried by the second vehicle (20) and image data of this image acquisition of the first vehicle (10) and / or text data of the vehicle license plate determined therefrom together with control information via a mobile radio network (40 ) to a central control device (500) which uses these to determine a toll information for the vehicle license plate of the vehicle (10) for comparison with control information of the second vehicle (20).
  • Control information is understood to be information that is representative of driving on a toll-liable section of the route or on a tollable area through the second vehicle performing a part of the checking method according to the invention.
  • This control information may be given by a vehicle position, an identifier of a toll section or a toll area, or a toll depending on the area or the route.
  • the control information of the second vehicle can be formed by, comprises or supplement the location information of the image recording.
  • the second vehicle transmits the control information together with the text data of the vehicle registration number to the central control device.
  • a toll-relevant vehicle parameter (permissible total weight, number of axles, pollutant class) on which the amount of the toll fee depends can not be easily detected by the second vehicle with an image capture in flowing traffic - in contrast to the vehicle license plate.
  • One or more such toll-relevant parameters are in the central control device in conjunction with the mobile address of the vehicle unit before and in the vehicle unit of the toll vehicle. Vehicle license plates and toll-relevant vehicle parameters together form vehicle information.
  • control carried out according to the invention can be checked as a result, whether the toll vehicle was operated toll-based or toll duty on a toll section or toll area, for the use of which it would have to have authorization in the form of toll information.
  • a control method for checking the toll-liable operation of a first toll vehicle with participation of a second vehicle participating in the traffic of a road used by the first vehicle and a central data processing device in a toll system uses toll information associated with tolled vehicles representative of an authorization to drive on the road or an area comprising this road through the toll vehicles, wherein the second vehicle (i) automatically generates at least one control information during its travel on the road, which is representative of driving on the road or (ii) during its travel on the road, the second vehicle receives an image of the first vehicle as a result of an automatic detection of at least one triggering condition mt, to which it acquires a measured value and checks by comparing it with a reference value for satisfaction of the triggering condition, and (iii) the image data of the image taken by the first vehicle and / or the text data of a vehicle license plate obtained from the image data of the image taken by it of the first vehicle, and transmits the control information to the central data processing device via a
  • a control function of the second vehicle can be limited to locations, times and conditions that are limited to efficient and data-poor, because less redundant, control.
  • such a toll information in the form of a user authorization for a toll section by a toll user with his vehicle registration before driving on the toll road have been booked, whereby the toll information registered for driving on the toll section registered in the central data processing device linked to the vehicle registration is.
  • such a toll information in the form of an electronic vignette for a toll area by a toll user, indicating his vehicle registration before driving on the toll Be booked area whereby the toll information, which entitles to drive on the toll area, is registered in the central data processing device linked to the vehicle license plate.
  • Means for image acquisition, image processing and communication with the central data processing device according to the invention can be encompassed by a decentralized control device carried by the second vehicle.
  • the mobile radio network can be the mobile radio network of a single mobile network operator or a coupled network of several mobile radio networks of different mobile network operators.
  • the first vehicle may include a toll collection vehicle.
  • This vehicle device can be assigned to a first mobile radio network of a first mobile network operator and a control device of the second vehicle or the second vehicle itself can be assigned to a second mobile radio network of a second mobile network operator or also to the first mobile radio network of the first mobile network operator.
  • the central data processing device according to the invention can be provided by or provide a central control device of a toll operator. Technical circumstances in which the central data processing device registers a failure of the comparison of the toll information and the control information are mentioned in connection with the description of the second aspect of the invention related to a central control device.
  • control device is vehicle-bound. This can be dispensed with in the production and maintenance complex roadside facilities. Control of the second vehicle and, if appropriate, testing of the first vehicle take place solely via the mobile network and its infrastructure, which is independent of toll collection and control.
  • the toll information can already be registered in the central data processing device by pre-booking in association with the vehicle registration number of the first vehicle and can represent a usage authorization for the toll-liable route section or the toll-liable area
  • toll collection by a vehicle device carried by the vehicle can also be included in a usage authorization or include such a usage authorization, wherein the usage authorization was acquired from the vehicle device by request to a toll center, for example as a toll ticket triggered by a position determination in the vehicle device a toll has been declared for a used or preceding section of the route.
  • GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
  • the mobile number must be stored as a mobile communication address of the mobile phone in conjunction with the vehicle registration number of the first vehicle.
  • Such a link could be set up on the mobile phone by the toll user and transmitted by a stored on the mobile computer program of a toll service provider, which charges tolls for several toll areas, to the central data processing facilities of all toll operators for the toll areas of the toll service charges the toll.
  • This transmission can alternatively or optionally also by a central Data processing device of the toll service manager are performed, against which the toll user has registered with his initialized to the vehicle registration number of his mobile phone.
  • the second vehicle automatically picks up an image of the first vehicle while driving on the road. This can be avoided that the driver is distracted by a manually triggered image capture of the driving activity and it can be on a front passenger who could trigger the image recording manually instead of the driver, be waived. Images of vehicles traveling in the same direction as the second vehicle may be taken, for example, first vehicles preceding or following the second vehicle.
  • the second vehicle for image recording has, for example, an image recording device whose image field is aligned in the direction of travel of the second vehicle.
  • the second vehicle for image recording for example, an image pickup device whose image field is aligned against the direction of travel of the second vehicle.
  • the second vehicle may determine the text data of the vehicle registration number of the first vehicle from the image data of the image captured by the first vehicle.
  • OCR optical character recognition
  • a vehicle recognition procedure may also serve to identify and classify first vehicles in size, with the result of classifying them into toll-free vehicles (for example, passenger cars) and toll vehicles (for example, trucks). Images of toll-free vehicles can then be deleted by the first vehicle immediately before a vehicle license plate determination is carried out.
  • toll-free vehicles for example, passenger cars
  • toll vehicles for example, trucks
  • a communication connection between the second vehicle and the central data processing device used for transmitting the text data of the vehicle registration number to the central data processing device is decentrally initiated by the second vehicle by selecting the communication address of the central data processing device via the mobile radio network.
  • a communication connection between the central data processing device and the vehicle device used for requesting the toll information from the vehicle device of the first vehicle is centrally initiated by the central data processing device by dialing the mobile number of the decentralized vehicle device via the mobile radio network.
  • a communication connection between the central data processing device and the second vehicle used for requesting the image data of the first vehicle from the second vehicle is initiated centrally by the central data processing device by transmitting the mobile number of a decentralized control device, which is carried by the second vehicle Mobile network dials.
  • the first communication connection between the decentralized control device and the central data processing device for transmitting the text data has been completed, in order to establish a second communication connection between the decentralized control device and the central data processing device for transmitting the image data.
  • the mobile number of the decentralized control device is the central data processing device at least since the transmission of the text data of the vehicle registration number of the first vehicle by the second vehicle, because it was transmitted from the decentralized control device of the second vehicle in the context of communication with the central data processing device.
  • control information may be provided by the second vehicle together with the text data of the vehicle license plate.
  • control information is a second location information of the second vehicle which is temporally correlated with the image acquisition of the first vehicle
  • the toll information is the first location information on which the at least one toll collection is based
  • the central Data processing device compares the first location information of the vehicle device with the second location information of the image acquisition.
  • a control method for checking the toll-duty-compliant operation of a first vehicle involving a second vehicle participating in the traffic of a road used by the first vehicle (10) and a central data processing device in a toll system can be used to collect tolls from toll vehicles as a function of toll collection are each provided at least a first location information about the presence of the vehicles on a toll road section provided, in which the second vehicle automatically generates at least a second location information during its travel on the road, which is representative of driving on the road or one of these road comprehensive Area by the second vehicle, during its travel on the road automatically picks up an image of the first vehicle, from the image data of the first vehicle (10) recorded image the Text data of a vehicle identifier, the first vehicle determines, and the text data of the vehicle identifier of the first vehicle transmits together with the second location information via a mobile network to the central data processing device and the central data processing means supplemented by the second vehicle to the second location information of the second vehicle transmitted text data of the Vehicle
  • developments of these embodiments of the control method according to the invention provide that the first location information of the vehicle device of the first vehicle and / or the second location information of the image recording of the second vehicle in the specification of a toll road section consists by comparing position data carried by the respective vehicle GNSS Recipient with these toll sections representing GEO objects of an electronic card carried by the respective vehicle, is determined. With toll road sections as location information, the toll of the vehicle is clearly determined due to its position.
  • a toll section for example a section of motorway between two immediately consecutive junctions, extends over a distance of several hundred meters or several kilometers, it is due to the small distance that is required for image acquisition of an image of the first vehicle from the second vehicle, it is very likely that the first and second location information available as such and provided by the first and second vehicles are identical when the toll collection of the first vehicle is correct. If the first and second location information are not identical, then the toll collection of the first vehicle may nevertheless be correct if the first and second location information represent two sections of toll road which are directly adjacent to one another. For example, the second vehicle at the moment of image acquisition may be located in a different toll section than the first vehicle.
  • the assignment of the vehicle position to a toll road section has not yet taken place.
  • a constellation could be recognized by providing in embodiments of the invention by the second vehicle to take multiple images of the first vehicle, each image is linked to its own second location information of the second vehicle on the toll road section on which the image acquisition took place, and in the presence of two images of two different toll road sections as the second location information to transfer both toll road sections of the second vehicle together with the text data obtained from both images vehicle license plate to the central data processing device.
  • the first location information may also be given by first position data of one or more first vehicle positions of the first toll vehicle and the second location information by second position data of one or more second vehicle positions of the second controlling vehicle.
  • vehicle positions which is alternative to the route sections, it is initially unclear whether these vehicle positions are representative of the use of a toll road section or area. This case exists, for example, if the vehicle device of the first toll vehicle and the decentralized control device of the second, controlling vehicle are configured as "thin clients" which, in contrast to a "thick client", have no toll recognition function.
  • the central data processing device first checks the toll relevance of the second position data that it has received from the second vehicle by determining toll-recognizing whether the second position data are representative of driving on a toll road section or area. If this is the case, it queries the first vehicle from the first position data or undertakes at least the said attempt to establish a mobile communication link with the vehicle device of the first vehicle. If this is not the case, then the requirement of first position data from the first vehicle is unnecessary. Although these can be decisive for a correct function of the vehicle device, but not necessarily for the toll-duty-compliant operation of the first vehicle.
  • the central data processing device In the case of the toll-free of a second vehicle position of the second vehicle, the central data processing device therefore aborts this control case before attempting to establish a communication link to the first vehicle.
  • the said case of control of thin clients by thin clients generates many cases, of which it is first determined by the central data processing device that they are actually not control cases but only monitoring cases. To avoid this scenario, a solution is proposed elsewhere.
  • cumulative embodiments of the control method according to the invention provide that the central data processing device toll-relevant vehicle parameters and the vehicle number of the first vehicle, which are centrally linked to the mobile communication address of the vehicle device and decentralized present on the vehicle device, requests from the vehicle device, where provided is that the central data processing device compares this decentralized provided vehicle information of the vehicle device with the centrally present vehicle information.
  • a control method for checking the toll-duty-compliant operation of a first vehicle involving a second vehicle participating in the traffic of a road used by the first vehicle and a central data processing device in a toll system, the toll collection vehicle depending on at least one of each first location information about the presence of the vehicles used on a toll road section, are provided, wherein the second vehicle automatically generates at least a second location information during its travel on the road, which is representative of driving the road or an area comprising this road through the second vehicle, while taking on the road automatically picks up an image of the first vehicle, from the image data of the first vehicle (10) recorded image the text data of a vehicle identifier, the first vehicle determined, and the text data of the vehicle identifier of the first vehicle together with the second location information via a mobile network to the central data processing device transmits and the central data processing means supplemented by the second vehicle to the second location information of the second vehicle transmitted text data of Vehicle identifier of the first vehicle used to determine a linked with the vehicle license mobile
  • the said vehicle information may be the vehicle registration number and / or a toll-relevant vehicle parameter (permissible total weight, number of axles, pollutant class) on which the amount of the toll fee depends.
  • the central data processing device checks whether the vehicle information transmitted by the vehicle device coincides with the vehicle information that is stored in the central database under the mobile phone number or another identification of the vehicle device. Thus, it may be that the vehicle device was remotely uminitialinstrument to another license plate and is carried by another vehicle, without this Uminitialinstrument the central data processing device has been transmitted.
  • toll-relevant vehicle parameters have been changed decentrally on the vehicle device, but the central data processing device has not received any confirmation from a state vehicle registration authority about a change in the toll-relevant vehicle parameters of the relevant vehicle. Since such data differences can be attributed to a fraud attempt on the part of the user, the toll operator has to investigate this negatively closed check case and needs as evidence the image of the first vehicle whose correct toll collection is in question.
  • Embodiments of the invention provide that the toll collection data of the first vehicle are linked to or imply the data relating to the at least one first location information. This makes it possible to extract from the toll collection data, which is transmitted by the first vehicle on request to the central data processing device, the location information to be proven for toll collection.
  • the toll collection data may include two linked records, one of which represents the toll, and a second a designation of the toll section for which this toll was charged. If the toll charges for each toll section differ, so is sufficient alone a toll rate record as toll collection data because of the tolls then the respective toll road section for which this toll was charged is defined.
  • Embodiments of the control method according to the invention provide that toll collection data of the toll information of the vehicle device is in each case linked to or implies data collection with a collection time for a specific toll section and the image acquisition is linked to a recording time which is received and used by the central data processing device Vehicle device to request the toll collection data of the survey time, which precedes the time of recording in terms of its temporal rank compared to collection times other toll collection data. This makes it easy to identify the toll collection that is critical to controlling image capture.
  • the vehicle device of the first vehicle and the decentralized control device of the second vehicle or the second vehicle itself can preferably each with one Radio clock to be equipped, each of which provides a time signal related to the toll collection in the vehicle unit and related to the image acquisition with the decentralized control device or the second vehicle.
  • a time signal of a radio clock it is also possible to use the time signal of a navigation satellite of a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), which is received by a GNSS receiver used to determine the position of the vehicles.
  • GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
  • control information is a second location information of the second vehicle, which is temporally correlated with the image acquisition of the first vehicle via an image acquisition time, which is transmitted from the second vehicle to the central data processing device, and the toll information of the first vehicle is a first location information
  • the central data processing device transmits the vehicle recording device together with the request for the first location information the image recording time (IAT) to request from the vehicle device of a plurality of first location information that selected first location information, the time with the image recording time is best correlated, and to compare the obtained selected first location information of the vehicle device (100) with the second location information of the image acquisition.
  • IAT image recording time
  • the second location information includes position data from one or more vehicle positions of the second vehicle, which are next to the position data of other vehicle positions of the second vehicle temporally closest to the image recording time, and the selected first location information position data from a first vehicle position or a plurality of first vehicle positions of the first vehicle, which are compared to the position data of other first vehicle positions of the first vehicle temporally closest to the image recording time.
  • the second location information comprises the identifier of a second toll object recognized as being driven by the second vehicle, which is linked to a recognition time, which second in terms of its temporal rank compared to the detection times of other recognized by the second vehicle as driving Toll objects precedes the image acquisition time in time
  • the first selected location information comprises the identifier of a first toll object recognized as being traveled by the first vehicle and associated with a recognition time that temporally precedes the image acquisition time in terms of its time rank compared to recognition times of other first toll objects recognized as having traveled by the first vehicle ,
  • the central data processing device sends a deletion request to the second vehicle receiving and operating the second vehicle by displaying the text data of the vehicle identifier and the image data of the image acquisition determining the text data of the vehicle Vehicle license plate of the first vehicle based deleted.
  • the second vehicle preferably deletes the text data of the vehicle registration number and the image data of the image acquisition on which the determination of the text data of the vehicle registration number of the first vehicle was based, at the latest at the end of a predetermined deletion period.
  • the deletion period is set in motion by the time of the image acquisition.
  • the deletion period is preferably at least one minute or at most one hour.
  • Embodiments of the control method according to the invention are characterized in that the second vehicle receives at least one condition for the change from the operation in sleep mode to the operation in control mode in the form of a spatial control plan via a communication radio network from the central data processing device, wherein the spatial control plan the description or identifier at least one toll section to be checked or at least one toll area to be checked, and the second vehicle recognizes its driving on a toll road section or toll area corresponding to that of the control plan and, as a result, changes from operation in idle mode to operation in control mode ,
  • the second vehicle (20) recognizes its driving on a non-matching with that of the control plan toll section or toll area and as a result of this detection from a mode in control mode in the operation in idle mode or operation maintained in sleep mode.
  • Embodiments of the control method according to the invention are characterized in that the second vehicle at least during its operation in the sleep mode once or several times sends position data of its current vehicle position to the central data processing device and the central data processing device depending on at least one of the vehicle positions a spatial control plan for transmission to the second vehicle selects or creates from which at least one toll section or area subject to toll control does not exceed a given spatial distance from the vehicle position or comprises the vehicle position.
  • Embodiments of the control method according to the invention are characterized in that the second vehicle receives at least one condition for the change from the operation in idle mode to the operation in control mode in the form of a time control plan via a communication radio network from the central-side data processing device, wherein the time control plan a control time frame for the performance of a control, and wherein the second vehicle detects the presence of a time value received by it within the control time frame and as a result of this detection from the operation in idle mode in the operation in the control mode.
  • the second vehicle recognizes the presence of a time value received by him outside the control time frame and as a result of this detection from a mode in the control mode in the operation in idle mode or maintains the operation in idle mode ,
  • Embodiments of the control method according to the invention are characterized in that the second vehicle receives the image of the first vehicle as a result of an automatic detection of at least one triggering condition, for which it detects a measured value and checks by comparison with a reference value for the fulfillment of the triggering condition.
  • This measured value can be detected by at least one sensor device entrained by the second vehicle and can be a measured value of a speed and / or acceleration of the second vehicle and / or a distance of the second vehicle to a vehicle (ahead or oncoming) in the direction of travel or opposite Be driving direction (subsequent or passed by) first vehicle.
  • the second vehicle can detect by comparing the measured value with a reference value whether the measured value corresponds to a triggering condition or not. This advantageously ensures that the second vehicle only takes a picture when the driving state of the second vehicle corresponds to a circumstance that indicates the proximity to a first vehicle in its surroundings, that is, a first vehicle may have occasion. Superfluous image recordings on which no first vehicle can be recognized or from which no vehicle license plate can be determined can thus be avoided.
  • the second vehicle takes the image of the first vehicle in an operation mode of the second vehicle in a control mode, and from the operation in a sleep mode in which the image recording is not possible, in the operation in a control mode the image recording is enabled, changes, in which it automatically recognizes the fulfillment of at least one condition for this change and automatically executes this operating mode change as a result of this detection.
  • the image acquisition is not possible regardless of the possible fulfillment of the triggering condition; in control mode, however, image acquisition is possible depending on the fulfillment of the triggering condition.
  • idle mode for example, the measured value acquisition, the recognition procedure or the image recording function in the second vehicle can be deactivated so that no image acquisition takes place.
  • the control mode the measured value acquisition, the recognition procedure and the image acquisition function are activated so that the second vehicle generates an image acquisition when the triggering condition is met.
  • a sleep mode in which, unlike the control mode, no image capture is possible, it is possible to exclude regions or traffic conditions from an image capture, in which no control is required.
  • a toll-free areas can avoid unnecessary mutual monitoring of vehicles.
  • a continuous check on all roads of a toll route network can be dispensed with, which generates unnecessary multiple checks.
  • further checks can be dispensed with in the traffic jam, since vehicle positions in the traffic jam rarely change and, when changing from driving to traffic jam, a one-time check already takes place, which need not be repeated. A walking speed or a standstill of the second vehicle may cause the operation at rest.
  • the second vehicle receives at least one condition for the change from the operation in sleep mode to the operation in control mode in the form of a control plan via a communication radio network from the control center, the control plan the description or identification of at least one tollable to be controlled Contains track section or at least one to be checked toll area, and wherein the second vehicle detects his driving a matching with that of the control plan toll section or toll zone and as a result of this detection from the operation in idle mode in the operation in control mode.
  • the position recognition capability can be based on the determination of a match of the own vehicle position with a predetermined control start position for the change from the operation in idle mode to the operation in the control mode and a predetermined control end position for the change from operating in control mode to operating in sleep mode within a given range, for example a deviation of +/- 100 meters or about +/- 3 arc seconds in latitude and about +/- 3 to 10 arc sec in longitude, depending on the latitude is limited.
  • the second vehicle On the way from the control start position to the control end position, the second vehicle is operated in the control mode, in which it is capable of taking a picture of its vehicle environment in which a first vehicle is possibly located upon determination of the fulfillment of a triggering condition.
  • the leadership of the second vehicle is unmanned
  • the second vehicle is an unmanned vehicle with automatic drive and automatic control, which detects its own position automatically, this with a control position or multiple control positions of a controlled toll object from the control plan compares and leads in self-propelled locomotion to one of the toll objects to be controlled and / or on one of the toll objects to control.
  • the second vehicle is a battery-operated electric vehicle, it may be designed to automatically detect its charge state and autonomously approach a nearest charging station as a function of its state of charge and to carry out a self-recharging of its battery (s) there on a daily basis in order to continue its inspection journey.
  • a tollhouse central control unit uses toll information associated with tolled vehicles that is representative of entitlement to drive on a toll section or toll area through the tolled vehicles
  • the central control device can be set up with at least one communication interface to at least one mobile radio network via the at least one communication connection with at least the second one of a first vehicle and a second vehicle, and has a central database and a central processor, wherein the central processor (510) is configured to receive (i) text data and / or image data of the vehicle license plate of the first vehicle (10) transmitted from the second vehicle (20) via the communication interface (540) and at least one control information representative of driving on a toll section or a tollable area by the second vehicle (20); (ii) requesting a toll information of the first vehicle by a query to the central database (520) to provide this toll information of the first vehicle with the at least one control information of the second Vehicle to compare, characterized in that the central controller or the central processor is configured to provide at least one condition for
  • the toll information is a first location information of the first vehicle and the control information is a second location information of the second vehicle.
  • the location information may be position data of the vehicles or tolls recognized by the vehicles sections or areas in the form of an identifier of the toll section or area.
  • the central processor may be a single central processor or may be a composite of a plurality of central processors coupled to each other and included in the central controller.
  • a central control device capable of carrying out a check of correct toll collection without roadside control devices. For this purpose, it uses control information that is provided to it by a control vehicle as the second vehicle via the mobile radio network and, for example, creates a check request for it when a mobile communication address of a vehicle device is stored in the central database Vehicle unit - again via the mobile network. With a success of the comparison of the control information with the toll information or the second with the first location information - for example, the coincidence of the first with the second location information - the control would be completed positive; and the central processor is preferably configured to terminate the control procedure.
  • the central processor may be configured to determine a failure of the comparison of the second with the first location information if one of the following technical conditions exist: (i) a query at the central database for the mobile communication address of a vehicle device based on the text data of the vehicle license plate first vehicle gives no result; (ii) the attempt to set up a communication connection with the vehicle device via the communication interface based on the determined mobile radio communication address fails; (iii) a request to the vehicle device to provide at least toll information, for example a first location information on which it is based, is not operated by the vehicle device; (iv) the comparison of the toll information transmitted by the vehicle device, for example the first location information, with the control information transmitted by the second vehicle (20), for example the second location information, results within a predetermined maximum deviation of the toll information and the control information, for example the first one and second location information, from each other, not a sufficient match.
  • a mismatch of the control information with the toll information or a toll information not related to the first vehicle is considered a failed comparison. This determines at least some technical conditions under which the central processor fails the comparison and interprets the result of the check as negative.
  • Embodiments of the central control device provide that the central processor is configured to select a mobile communication address of the second vehicle from a database and to contact the second vehicle via the mobile network via this in order to transmit to it a request to image a preceding or succeeding vehicle , This makes it possible to control the control activity of the second vehicle from the toll center.
  • the central processor may be configured to transmit an area specification of one or more areas, for example toll sections, to the second vehicle, to which the taking of pictures of preceding ones or subsequent vehicles.
  • Many different second vehicles can receive the same area specifications to perform a spatially limited control measure. This may be limited in terms of the duration of the control or the number of checks and / or images taken.
  • the central processor may be configured to communicate a control plan with a plurality of area specifications equal to and / or different time slots consecutive and / or temporally completely or partially overlapping to a second vehicle or a plurality of second vehicles.
  • Remote control devices in each such second vehicle are configured to receive and execute such a control plan.
  • Embodiments of the central control device are characterized in that the central processor is configured to successfully compare the first location information (toll information) of the vehicle device with the second location information (control information) of the second vehicle in which the first location information transmitted by the vehicle device matches that of within a given maximum deviation of the first and second location information from the second vehicle transmitted second location information sufficiently agree to establish a communication link with the second vehicle to instruct the second vehicle, at least the image data of the image recording of the preceding or succeeding vehicle, which it for transmission stored to the central control device in a decentralized memory keeps from deleting the decentralized memory.
  • the central processor is configured to successfully compare the first location information (toll information) of the vehicle device with the second location information (control information) of the second vehicle in which the first location information transmitted by the vehicle device matches that of within a given maximum deviation of the first and second location information from the second vehicle transmitted second location information sufficiently agree to establish a communication link with the second vehicle to instruct the second vehicle, at least the image data of the image recording of the preceding or succeeding vehicle, which it for
  • a decentralized control device carried along by the second vehicle can be instructed immediately after a positive control result to delete the control information which is no longer required.
  • a data erasure method ensures a particularly secure handling of sensitive data, in particular when the second vehicle sends back a message about the deletion carried out to the central control unit for confirmation, and the central processor of the central control device is configured to receive the erasure acknowledgment and this to file in a control data store without reference to the controlled first vehicle for data protection purposes.
  • Embodiments of the central control device provide that the central control device is configured to transmit the condition in the form of a spatial control plan via a communication radio network to the second vehicle containing the description or identification of at least one toll section to be controlled or at least one tollable area to be controlled and with which the second vehicle is instructed to carry out any image recordings of the first vehicle only on the toll road section to be checked or to be checked toll area that travels the second vehicle and recognizes as driving through.
  • the central control device is configured to receive position data from one or more vehicle positions from the second vehicle and to select or create a spatial control plan for transmission to the second vehicle, depending on at least one vehicle position a toll section or area subject to tolls to be checked does not exceed a given spatial distance from the vehicle position or comprises the vehicle position.
  • Embodiments of the central controller provide that the central controller (500) is configured to receive position data from at least one beacon position of the portable DSRC beacon from a portable DSRC beacon and a spatial control plan for transmission to the DSRC depending on at least one beacon location -Bake and for forwarding the DSRC beacon to the second vehicle to select or create, of which at least one to be controlled toll section or controlling tolling area does not exceed a predetermined spatial distance to the beacon position or includes the beacon position.
  • Embodiments of the central control device provide that the central control device is configured to transmit the condition in the form of a time control plan via a communication radio network to the second vehicle, which contains at least one control time frame for carrying out a control, and with which instructs the second vehicle is to take any pictures of the first vehicle only at the times that are covered by the control time frame.
  • Embodiments of the central control device provide that the central control device is configured to transmit a control plan via a communication radio network to the second vehicle, which contains the description or identification of at least one toll section to be controlled or at least one tollable area to be checked and with which the second Vehicle is instructed to perform any images of the first vehicle only on the toll road section to be controlled or to be checked toll area that travels the second vehicle and recognizes as driving through.
  • the said communication radio network may be a public mobile radio network or a proprietary DSRC-based network of stationary DSRC beacons which the toll operator has set up to distribute control plans at certain points of the toll road network to second vehicles receiving them with a DSRC reception Device are equipped.
  • a control instruction may also be transmitted to vehicles passing by at the roadside transmit beacon containing an instruction to the second vehicle, from reception of the message from operation in a sleep mode To switch operation in a control mode in which image captures of tolled first vehicles by the second vehicle can be created, and to maintain the operation in the control mode a predetermined time or distance to return to the expiration of the predetermined time or obtaining the predetermined route back to the operation to switch in sleep mode, in which no images of tolled first vehicles by the second vehicle can be created.
  • the DSRC beacons may also be mobile or at least portable and, depending on the need for control, be placed on the roadside at sections to be controlled.
  • Such portable or mobile DSRC beacons can each be equipped with a position-determining device which determines the position of the DSRC beacon, for example on the basis of GNSS satellite signals, and in each case with a mobile radio communication device, via the DSRC beacons their position at least then, if they face one previous position has exceeded a certain change distance, transmit together with their respective beacon-individual identifier to the central control device.
  • the central control device is designed to create or select, depending on the positions of the DSRC beacons, position-individual control plans for the respective DSRC beacon passing control vehicles whose control areas are each adapted to the position of the respective DRSC beacon, and these position-specific control plans to send those DSRC beacons whose position corresponds to that of the respective position-specific control plan.
  • the control plan may include two control areas located in opposite directions with respect to the position of the DSRC beacon.
  • the beacon sends this control plan over a predetermined period or to a predetermined number of all passing vehicles regardless of their direction of travel. Thus, for each of the vehicles, regardless of the direction of travel, at least one control area of the control plan is appropriate.
  • a decentralized control device of a vehicle has a position-determining device, a mobile radio communication device, an image recording device, at least one sensor for detecting a vehicle state and at least one decentralized processor, wherein the distributed processor is configured to (i) obtain and / or obtain at least control information from or with data of the positioning device representative of the presence of the vehicle on a toll section or in a toll area, (ii) in dependence on that at least one vehicle state sensed by the sensor instructs the image capture device to capture an image of another vehicle located in the vicinity of the vehicle, and (iii) image data of the other vehicle's image capture and / or textual data of a vehicle's license plate from the image data has determined the image acquisition of the other vehicle, and to transmit the control information via the mobile radio communication device (240) to a central data processing device (500), characterized in that the decentralized control device is configured such that the image acquisition of the image acquisition device takes place only during operation of the decentralized control device in a control mode
  • the remote processor may be a single distributed processor or may be a composite of a plurality of decentralized processors coupled to each other and included by the remote control device.
  • the control information may be location information of the image pickup determined from one or more positions registered by the position determination device in temporal correlation with the image pickup.
  • Embodiments of the third aspect of the invention provide that the distributed processor is configured the text data of the vehicle registration number together with an information of the image acquisition time to transmit to a central data processing device, and of a plurality of control information that selected control information for transmission to the central data processing device, which is temporally closest in terms of their registration time over other control information to the image acquisition time or temporally closest precedes.
  • a temporal and spatial reference for the image acquisition to the central data processing device can be transmitted, which can be used by the central data processing device to query the location information corresponding to this time reference from the other vehicle.
  • toll vehicles could already be equipped with a camera and a GNSS receiver mobile phone, which are used on the windshield of the controlling vehicle as a decentralized control device according to the invention.
  • a vehicle operator who is willing to inspect can register his mobile phone with each toll operator for inspection.
  • a mobile phone used for control purposes could also be used as a vehicle device for the toll collection of the controlling vehicle, provided that it is also subject to a toll.
  • the invention thus advantageously allows the combinatorial use of a mobile phone for toll collection for the own vehicle and toll control for foreign vehicles.
  • a toll user with his mobile phone at various toll operators can announce his willingness to check along with the registration with a toll service provider and then be contacted by one or more toll operators via the mobile network to agree on a separate inspection activity. Compensation measures are also available for such a control activity, which are referred to below.
  • Embodiments of the decentralized control device are characterized by at least one sensor that detects at least one vehicle state of the controlling vehicle carrying the decentralized control device, the decentralized processor being configured in dependence on the at least one vehicle state detected by the sensor, the image recording device to instruct to take a picture of the other vehicle.
  • the image recording device a particularly suitable point in time and / or a particularly suitable location can be set for the image recording device, in particular with reference to a preceding or following other vehicle from which an image is to be taken.
  • a decentralized control device which is characterized in that the sensor is designed to provide at least one measured value of the vehicle state to the decentralized processor, which decentralized processor is configured to receive this measured value and compared with a reference value on the fulfillment of a trigger condition to generate a trigger signal in the case of compliance, and the image pickup device is adapted to receive the trigger signal and subsequently receive the image.
  • the senor may be a speed sensor that detects the speed of the controlling vehicle, the remote processor configured to instruct the image capture device to capture an image of a preceding or succeeding vehicle when a vehicle speed is below a limit speed.
  • a sensor can already be provided by the position-determining device in that it is designed as a GNSS receiver and provides the central processor with a speed signal obtained from the signals of navigation satellites.
  • the sensor or an additional sensor to the speed sensor may be a distance sensor detecting the distance of the controlling vehicle to a preceding or succeeding vehicle, the distributed processor being configured to direct the image pickup device when there is a vehicle distance below a maximum distance of a preceding or succeeding vehicle.
  • a distance sensor may measure distances to both a preceding vehicle and a subsequent vehicle, the remote processor referring to a predetermined maximum distance, below which an image capture of a preceding and a succeeding vehicle by the image capture device the rear of the preceding vehicle or the front of the subsequent vehicle can be performed in a resolution that makes it possible to obtain text data of a vehicle registration number from the image acquisition with an image processing method.
  • a traffic jam thus becomes the trigger of an efficient crowd control.
  • the senor may be an acceleration sensor that detects the acceleration of the vehicle over time and integrates it over time into a speed change value, wherein the distributed processor is configured in the presence of a negative speed change value that is greater than a predetermined absolute minimum magnitude Speed change value to instruct the image pickup device to take a picture of the other vehicle.
  • a negative speed change value that is greater than a predetermined absolute minimum magnitude Speed change value to instruct the image pickup device to take a picture of the other vehicle.
  • Embodiments of the decentralized control device are characterized in that the central processor is configured to store at least the image data of the image acquired by the image recording device of the other, for example, preceding or following vehicle in a decentralized memory of the control device and at the latest at the end of a predetermined period of time ( Deletion period) or after receipt of a deletion request from the central data processing device to be deleted from the decentralized memory.
  • the central processor is configured to store at least the image data of the image acquired by the image recording device of the other, for example, preceding or following vehicle in a decentralized memory of the control device and at the latest at the end of a predetermined period of time ( Deletion period) or after receipt of a deletion request from the central data processing device to be deleted from the decentralized memory.
  • Such a data erasure method ensures that trustworthy data-in particular the image data of the image recording of a vehicle on which the license plate number can be recognized-is not kept longer than necessary. If there is no deletion request by the central data processing device, for example by a central control device of a toll system, said data deletion method offers an alternative data deletion, with which it is ensured that the image data are deleted at the latest at the end of the deletion period.
  • said data deletion method offers in addition to the image data of the vehicle recording and the text data of the vehicle registration number of this data deletion method includes in an analogous manner.
  • Embodiments of the decentralized control device are characterized in that the condition includes the operating mode change in the form of a spatial control plan containing the description or identification of at least one toll section to be controlled or at least one tollable area to be controlled via a radio communication device from the central data processing device and the decentralized processor is configured to (i) recognize from the control information the presence of the decentralized control device on a toll section or in a tollable area, (ii) a change of the decentralized control device from the idle mode to the operation of the control mode effect if the decentralized control device enters the toll section or the toll area or the operation of the decentralized control (iii) effecting a change of the decentralized control device from operation in the control mode to the operation of the sleep mode, if the decentralized control device controls the toll section or leaving the toll area or keeping the operation in sleep mode, as long as the decentralized control facility is not present on the toll section or in the toll area.
  • Embodiments of the decentralized control device are characterized in that the condition is the operation mode change in the form of a time control plan containing a control time frame for the performance of a control to receive via a radio communication device from the central data processing device and the distributed processor is configured (i) periodically receive time values from a radio-controlled clock comprised by the decentralized control device or the position determining device formed as a GNSS receiver, (ii) cause the decentralized control device to change from operating in idle mode to operation of the control mode as soon as a time value in the control time frame falls, or to keep the operation of the decentralized control device in the control mode, as long as the time values are within the control time frame, and a change of the decentralized control device from the B operating in sleep mode when a time value falls outside the control time frame, or to keep the operation in sleep mode unless the time values fall within the control time frame.
  • Embodiments of the decentralized control device according to the invention are characterized in that the decentralized control device is designed to transmit position data of vehicle positions determined by the position determination device to the central data processing device by means of the mobile radio communication device, at least during operation in the idle mode.
  • the decentralized control device may be configured such that the image acquisition of the image acquisition device takes place only in the operation of the decentralized control device in a control mode
  • the decentralized processor is configured, (i) the decentralized control device from a mode in idle mode in which the Image acquisition is not allowed to put into an operation in the control mode in which the image recording is enabled, and vice versa, (ii) the fulfillment of at least one predetermined condition, which is necessary to carry out the operation mode change of the decentralized control device, to recognize itself ( iii) automatically carry out the operating mode change upon detection of the fulfillment of the at least one predetermined condition.
  • the image acquisition activity of the decentralized control device can advantageously be restricted to areas and situations in which a need for control and a control circumstance arise in the first place.
  • the image recording device is activated for receiving and processing the image recording instruction and the decentralized control device and / or its decentralized processor configured to send an image recording instruction to the image recording device.
  • the image capture device is disabled for receiving or processing the image capture command, and the remote control device and / or its remote processor are configured to send no image capture command to the image capture device, regardless of the data of the first sensor.
  • the decentralized control device and / or its decentralized processor can be configured, at least one activation signal, which is decisive for the change from the operation in idle mode to the operation in control mode, and / or at least one deactivation signal, which is decisive for the Change from operating in control mode to operating in idle mode, generating or receiving and processing.
  • embodiments of the decentralized control device are provided, whose decentralized processor is configured to instruct or allow an image acquisition by the image acquisition device that corresponds to the location specification based on a location preset received from the central control device only in the geographical area.
  • the control is given a random character.
  • the localities may concern areas to be controlled, the toll road sections have no roadside control, but a low traffic density.
  • the remote processor may be configured to (i) recognize, from the control information, the presence of the remote control device on a toll section or in a toll area; (ii) change the remote control device from sleep mode to operation of the control mode when the decentralized inspection facility enters the toll section or the toll area, or maintains the operation of the decentralized control facility in control mode, as long as the decentralized control facility is present on the toll section or in the toll area; and decentralized control device from operation in the control mode in the operation of Idle mode when the decentralized control device leaves the toll section or the toll area, or to keep the operation in idle mode, as long as the decentralized control device is not present on the toll section or in the toll area.
  • the remote processor may be configured to sense the speed of the controlling vehicle and cause a change from operating in idle mode to operation of the control mode or to keep the operation in control mode when or as the vehicle exceeds a predetermined minimum speed , and to cause a change from the operation in the control mode in the operation of the sleep mode when the vehicle falls below the predetermined minimum speed, or to keep the operation in sleep mode, as long as the vehicle does not exceed the predetermined minimum speed.
  • the remote processor may be configured to detect the distance of the controlling vehicle to the other vehicle (10) to be controlled and to effect a change from the idle mode operation to the control mode operation or to operate in the control mode hold, if or as long as the distance exceeds a predetermined minimum distance, and to switch from operation in the control mode to the operation of the sleep mode or to keep the operation in sleep mode, if or as long as the distance does not exceed the predetermined minimum distance.
  • the remote processor may be configured to detect the time of image capture and to effect a change from operating in control mode to sleep mode operation at the time of image capture and a change from sleep mode operation to control mode operation when a predetermined sleep mode period has elapsed since the time of image capture. With each of these three measures depending on speed, distance and / or time) can advantageously be avoided the redundant behavior that a vehicle to be controlled is repeatedly detected by the same controlling vehicle.
  • the decentralized control device may be characterized in that the decentralized processor is configured (i) a control plan containing the description or identification of at least one toll section to be controlled or at least one tollable area to be controlled and a central data processing device via a communication device (ii) to detect the presence of the decentralized control device on a toll road section or toll area corresponding to that of the control plan; and (iii) as a result of this detection, the decentralized control device operating in idle mode to put the operation in control mode.
  • the communication device of the decentralized control device necessary for receiving the control plan may be a mobile radio communication device or a DSRC communication device.
  • the decentralized control device may comprise a navigation device and be configured to intervene in the propulsion and steering drive of the vehicle, the navigation device being configured to determine the vehicle position and a control position or multiple control positions of a toll object to be controlled from the control plan for determining a route from the vehicle Vehicle position to process a control position, where the decentralized control device is designed to control the movement and steering of the vehicle in such a way that it autonomously travels on the determined route.
  • an autonomous control vehicle is provided, which is controlled by its decentralized control device to independently start control areas and automatically perform image capturing of vehicles to be controlled.
  • Embodiments of the decentralized control device provide that a toll collection functionality for the vehicle is implemented on the decentralized control device with which the toll charge for the vehicle is allocated to the control and in particular location information determined by the decentralized control device and stored in a toll data memory of the decentralized control device, wherein the distributed processor is configured to accept an instruction to reduce or cancel the toll fee from the central processing device and to provide, change and / or delete the toll charge stored in the toll data memory in accordance with this instruction with a reduction or cancellation note.
  • the decentralized control device it is possible to perform toll collection and control by means of a single, provided by the decentralized control device vehicle device (for example, a mobile phone, loc. Cit.), Together.
  • the toll-liable and controlling user may be remunerated for his control activity: For example, for each transmitted license plate in text form, he may remit 10% of the toll already charged by his vehicle device for the section on which he is driving controlled vehicle is granted by being credited with this 10% by a subsequent reduction of the toll fee in the toll data memory of his vehicle. For example, for each set of transmitted image data of a vehicle recording the toll for the stretch section on which he has taken the controlled vehicle can be completely waived by the toll fee is canceled by deleting the toll from the toll data memory of his vehicle device.
  • the decentralized control device can be embodied in one piece in that all components of the decentralized control device are encompassed by a single decentralized control device, and can also be designed in several parts by distributing components of the decentralized control device to a plurality of decentralized control units, the means for data-related wired or wireless communication with each other.
  • the sensor according to the invention and the image recording device according to the invention can be arranged in the front region of the second vehicle outside the passenger compartment, and the part of the decentralized control device, which is designed analogously to the vehicle device of a toll vehicle for the GNSS-based toll collection, be arranged inside the passenger compartment.
  • the decentralized control device particularly preferably has a vehicle device (tolling device) to be entrained in the toll collection system in the vehicle, and a control unit which is coupled to the toll device in terms of data and has the image recording device according to the invention and a control data memory for storing the image data generated by the image recording device.
  • vehicle device tolling device
  • control unit which is coupled to the toll device in terms of data and has the image recording device according to the invention and a control data memory for storing the image data generated by the image recording device.
  • the toll device and the control device preferably each have their own processor, which form a composite of processors according to the invention in that they are configured in common, in particular coordinated with one another, to execute the method steps according to the invention as a single processor.
  • a standard tolling device can be provided by the upgrade to such a control unit with a control functionality, without the existing toll device would have to be replaced by one, a toll collection functionality providing, control unit.
  • the toll device can be provided by the EETS toll service provider as usual, while the control unit is provided by the EETS toll operator.
  • Embodiments of the decentralized control device provide that the decentralized processor is configured to instruct the image recording device to several image recordings of the other, in particular preceding, following or oncoming vehicle to analyze the multiple image recordings in terms of their image quality, and only the image data of that image recording in the decentralized memory and / or to use for obtaining text data of the vehicle registration number of the preceding or succeeding vehicle, which has the highest image quality of the multiple image recordings.
  • the invention particularly benefits from the decentralized image evaluation in the controlling vehicle: Instead of sending the image data of an image in full data volume to the central control device and leaving it to determine that the image quality for a unique text recognition of the vehicle registration in the image recording not is sufficient, the image quality is performed in decentralized in the controlling vehicle.
  • the decentralized processor can be configured to carry out the extraction of text data of the vehicle registration number from a plurality of image recordings by means of a text recognition program and to use statistical methods to estimate a probability that the recognized vehicle license number corresponds to reality. Only the text data of the vehicle identifier of the highest probability image acquisition is transmitted to the central control device; only the image data of this image acquisition are stored in the decentralized memory.
  • the invention manifests itself in particular in a toll collection system for toll vehicles, which has a central control device according to the invention according to the second aspect of the invention and at least one vehicle with a decentralized control device according to the invention according to the third aspect of the invention.
  • the decentralized control device according to the invention as a decentralized control component of a control system of the toll system and the central control device according to the invention can be regarded as central control components of the control system of the toll system.
  • a plurality of decentralized control devices according to the invention distributed among several vehicles may be managed as a group of decentralized control components by the control system by transmitting different control orders or control plans in different areas and / or at different times via the mobile network to different decentralized control devices of the group decentralized control components. This allows the control to be controlled territorially and temporarily.
  • a plurality of decentralized control devices may be configured to transmit their own position together with their identifier to the central control device at regular intervals, the central control device being designed to create or select position-specific control plans in dependence on the positions of the decentralized control devices Control areas are each adapted to the position of the respective decentralized control devices, and to send these position-specific control plans to the decentralized control devices whose position corresponds to that of the respective position-individual control plan.
  • a plurality of decentralized control devices may be configured to transmit their own position together with direction information and at regular intervals at predetermined time intervals to the central control device, the central control device being designed as a function of the positions and the direction information of the decentralized control devices to create or select position-specific control plans whose control areas are respectively in the respective direction of travel to the position of the respective decentralized control devices, and to send these position-specific control plans to the decentralized control devices whose position corresponds to that of the respective position-individual control plan.
  • a direction information can also be obtained by the central control device from the data of a plurality of successive positions of a decentralized control device.
  • a toll system In a toll system according to the invention, tolled vehicles 10 and 20 travel on a toll section 30, whereby the toll vehicle 20 performs a control function according to the invention and is hence differentiated from the toll vehicle 10 without control function by the term "controlling vehicle 20".
  • the controlling, second vehicle 20 follows the toll road, first vehicle 10 directly in the direction of travel.
  • a toll device 100 used in accordance with Fig. 2 a vehicular processor 110 which receives and processes position data of a GNSS receiver 130 and time data of a radio-controlled clock 160, is connected to a cellular transceiver 140 with cellular antenna 142 and read access to a map data memory 221 and a read-write Access to a toll data memory 122 has. While the vehicle 10 is running, the radio-controlled clock 160 of the vehicle device 100 continuously receives time information from a central time location via its radio-controlled clock antenna 162.
  • the GNSS receiver 130 of the vehicle device 100 receives via its GNSS antenna 132 satellite data from satellites of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS, for example currently GPS / NAVSTAR or in the future Galileo) and processes them every second to output position data obtained by the Vehicle unit processor 110 are compared with GEO objects of electronic maps of the map data memory 221 for the detection of toll road sections.
  • GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
  • Such GEO objects referred to as recognition objects, can be stored in the map data memory 221 as a line or a circle, two locations (each in latitude and longitude coordinates) associated with an identifier of the associated toll object.
  • the vehicle processor 110 recognizes the toll object associated with the recognition object as being driven by the vehicle 10 and generates a toll data set TDS from the identifier TOI-X (Toll Object Identifier X) of the toll object - in the case of Fig. 1a .
  • the toll road section 30 - of the toll time stamp TRT (Toll Recognition Time) of a time received from the vehicle-mounted processor 110 from the radio-controlled clock 160 at the time of toll recognition together with the license plate number LPN-X and the toll-relevant vehicle parameters TVP-X (Toll-relevant Vehicle Parameters X) to the latter alternatively or optionally, the toll, which is to be paid for the toll object TOI-X at the present vehicle parameters TVP-X, be part of the toll record TDS.
  • This toll record TDS is stored in a toll data memory 122 (see Fig. 7 ).
  • the toll data memory 122 may include a pre-paid toll credit reduced by the toll of the newly added toll record.
  • the toll data record can be transmitted by means of the mobile radio transceiver 140 via a mobile network to the central toll collection device of an EETS toll service provider, which charges the toll fee charged to the central toll collection device of an EETS toll operator every one month (great charger) turns out.
  • the identifier of the toll object TOI-X together with the vehicle identifier LPN-X and the toll-relevant vehicle parameters TVP-X represents the toll information according to the invention, which identifies a correct toll collection at the time TRT of the toll recognition.
  • This toll collection is quasi in situ verifbar with the toll system according to the invention for an EETS toll operator in the toll center 50 by the control method according to the invention without roadside control devices on the basis of the present invention control information control.
  • the central toll collection device After the registration of a user-specific personalization and the vehicle-specific initialization of the vehicle device 100 in a central toll collection device under the management of an EETS toll service provider by the user, the central toll collection device transmits a registration data record containing a mobile radio communication address (mobile phone number) of the vehicle device 100 and the vehicle registration number of the vehicle 10 in text form, to which the vehicle device 100 has been initialized, to all the central control devices 500 of all EETS toll operators whose areas are subject to the toll collection of the EETS toll service provider.
  • registration records RDS are determined according to FIG Fig. 7 all EETS toll service providers in the central database of a vehicle device data memory 520 (see Fig.
  • This registration data record RDS comprises a mobile number TSN (Tolling Equipment Subscriber Number), under which the vehicle device 100 can be dialed via the mobile radio network 40, a customer number CID (Customer Identification Data) of the customer to whom the vehicle device 100 has been provided, text data LPN-1 (FIG. License plate number 1) of the vehicle 10, which carries the vehicle device 100 with it, as well as toll-relevant vehicle parameters TVP-1 (Toll-relevant Vehicle Parameters 1), which here the information on the permissible total weight ATW (Admissible Total Weight), the pollutant class PCL ( Pollution CLass) and combine AXC AX (AXle Count).
  • the tolling system may refrain from using toll collection vehicles.
  • the driver is obliged to pay the toll information in the form of a user authorization for the toll section TOI-X in connection with the data LPN-1 of the vehicle registration and the toll-relevant vehicle parameters permissible total weight ATW, pollutant class PCL and axle number AXC, directly via a booking terminal. to register a mobile phone or the Internet in the central control facility.
  • the following section deals with control cases that can end with both a positive control result (case A) and a negative control result (case B).
  • the controlling, second vehicle 20 is traveling along with the toll road, first vehicle 10 on the toll road section 30 and is equipped with a decentralized control device 200.
  • the decentralized control device 200 comprises as a one-piece control device in a first variant of the embodiment according to FIG Fig. 3a with a decentralized processor 210, a GNSS receiver 230, a mobile radio transceiver 240, a radio clock 260, a map data memory 221 and a toll data memory 222 a first group of components which are also included in a toll collection system provided in the toll collection vehicle 100.
  • the decentralized control device 200 formed as a one-piece control device with a distance sensor 250, an image acquisition device 270 embodied as a digital camera and a control data memory 223 comprises a second group of components which serve solely for control purposes.
  • the decentralized control device 200 is divided into two separate building units, namely a toll device 201 and a control unit 202, between which a data connection 205 exists.
  • the toll device 201 includes, analogously to the toll collection vehicle device 100, a toll processor 211, a GNSS receiver 230, a mobile transceiver 240, a radio clock 260, a map data memory 221 and a toll data memory 222.
  • the control unit 202 comprises a control processor 212, a distance sensor 250 , an image capture device 270 embodied as a digital camera and a control data memory 223.
  • the toll-related processor 211 and the control processor 212 are connected to one another by data technology via the data connection, which can be wirelessly or via a respective transceiver module in each of the assemblies 201 and 202. Since the toll processor 211 and the control processor 212 act independently of a two-part embodiment of the decentralized control device 200 together as the only decentralized processor 210 of the integral decentralized controller 200, only the first variant will be described in more detail below and correspondingly representative of the second variant.
  • One in Fig. 3c illustrated third variant of the decentralized control device 200 differs from the first variant in that it (a) has no radio clock 260 and instead uses a time signal provided by the GNSS receiver, and (b) as additional radio communication device a DSRC transceiver 245.
  • This DSRC transceiver 245 has a DSRC microwave antenna 247 for microwave operation and, alternatively, for infrared operation, a symbolically represented DSRC transceiver module 247 having an IR light emitting diode array for transmission and an IR photodiode array for transmission (not shown).
  • a symbolically represented DSRC transceiver module 247 having an IR light emitting diode array for transmission and an IR photodiode array for transmission (not shown).
  • the remote processor 210 is configured to receive and process position data of the GNSS receiver 230 (having a GNSS receiving antenna 232) and time data of the radio clock 260 (having a radio clock antenna 262) with the mobile radio transceiver 240 (FIG. a mobile radio antenna 242) communicates and a read access to the map data memory 221 and read-write access to the toll data memory 222 and the control data memory takes.
  • the remote processor 210 of the remote control device 200 is configured to receive from the toll center 50 via the mobile radio transceiver 240 an area and schedule from various control areas that undergo control of tolled vehicles 10 by the controlling vehicle 20 at the same or different control periods are. This reception path of the control plan corresponds to that in Fig.
  • FIG. 1a illustrated first variant of the toll system.
  • Alternative reception paths in the form of DSRC short-range communication (DSRC) are in the second and third variant of the toll system of Fig. 1b and 1c illustrated in which the decentralized control devices 200 of the third variant according to Fig. 3c be used. These are configured to receive, by means of the DSRC transceiver 245, a control plan or task from a roadside DSRC beacon 46 or 48.
  • stationary roadside DSRC beacons 46 and 47 are via a proprietary communications network or, alternatively, public switched telephone network 45 in communication with the central control unit 500 of the toll center 50.
  • the positions of the DSRC beacons per se are known to the central controller.
  • the positions of the DSRC beacons are known to the central controller by virtue of the fact that the mobile DSRC beacons receive their position, which they receive from a respective GNSS receiver, which they respectively include, regularly or when changing position to the central Send control device 500.
  • the Central Control Unit distributes control plans with control areas in the form of route section identifiers, toll area codes or control start and end positions according to the position of the DSRC beacons to the DSRC beacons and assigns the DSRC beacons to transmit the respective control plan to vehicles in a respective first one Time window on.
  • the decentralized processor 210 recognizes on the basis of the GNSS receiver 230 supplied position data and the recognition objects of the map data memory 221 driving on the toll road section 30 and registered for the controlling vehicle 20 corresponding toll data as control information with an identifier TOI-2 (Toll Object Identifier 2) of Toll object "toll section 30" in the toll data memory provided with a time stamp TRT-2 of the time signal of the radio clock 260 ( Fig. 3a . 3b) or the GNSS receiver 230 ( Fig. 3c ).
  • TOI-2 Toll Object Identifier 2
  • the remote processor 210 recognizes the presence of a control task for the current link at the given time period. Until that time, the operating state of the remote control device 200 was the sleep mode in which the ability of the remote control device 200 to capture images of its vehicle surroundings by the image pickup device 270 is disabled. Upon detecting or receiving a control task, the remote processor 210 enables the remote control device to operate from the sleep mode to the control mode mode, where the ability of the remote control device 200 to capture images of its vehicle surroundings using the image capture device 270 is enabled.
  • the GNSS receiver 230 on the toll section 30 outputs speed data received from the remote processor 210 and compared to a predetermined threshold speed of 80 km / h.
  • the remote processor 210 is configured to activate the proximity sensor 250 when the speed limit is undershot to acquire distance data of the distance to the preceding toll vehicle 10 and to transmit to the remote processor 210 the measured distances with a predetermined maximum distance of 20 m compares.
  • the remote processor 210 may, of course, alternatively be configured to continuously obtain, in the control mode, distance data from the distance sensor 250 to compare it to the predetermined maximum distance threshold.
  • the decentralized processor 210 is configured to activate the digital camera 270 when it falls short of the maximum distance so as to display images of the environment ahead of the second vehicle 20 in the direction of travel at a distance of one second per second, in which preceding vehicle 10 is located, as long as the maximum distance is not reached the image also includes the preceding vehicle 10. This is an image of the first vehicle is present.
  • the decentralized processor 210 is configured to record images of the preceding vehicle 10 every second, as a minimum distance of the second vehicle 20 to the first vehicle 10 is not exceeded.
  • the distributed processor 210 is configured to take a predetermined number of pictures from the preceding vehicle 10, such as five, every second. Associates each image acquisition with a time stamp that includes the time data of the radio-controlled clock 260 at the time of the respective image acquisition. Moreover, each image acquisition is linked to the location information of the controlling vehicle according to the invention, which the decentralized processor 210 takes from the toll data memory 222 as a toll object of the last toll collection. All images are analyzed by decentralized processor 210 for image quality in terms of sharpness (resolution), contrast and brightness. Image recordings with sufficient image quality are subjected by the decentralized processor to a text recognition program which extracts the vehicle registration number of the vehicle 10 in text form from the image recordings of the rear side of the vehicle 10.
  • a quality measure of the text recognition is determined for each image, which indicates the probability with which the determined vehicle license plate corresponds to the actual vehicle registration number of the vehicle 10.
  • VID Vehicle Image Data
  • LPN-1 Liense Plate Data 1
  • the image capture time stamp IAT Image Acquisition Time
  • the toll object obtained from this image acquisition Identification TOI-2 which precedes the image acquisition time IAT of all stored toll object identifiers TOI-Y in terms of their detection time TRT-2, according to Fig. 7 stored as a decentralized control record SDS (Surveillance Data Set) in the decentralized control data memory 223.
  • the image and text data of the remaining images are discarded, that is: deleted.
  • the data flow diagram of Fig. 5 following the second vehicle has received as a controlling vehicle by the image of the toll-first vehicle from the first vehicle image data from which it has obtained text data of the vehicle registration number of the toll vehicle.
  • the decentralized control device 200 now dials the decentralized control device 500 under the CSN (Central Subscriber Number) of the central control device 500 known to it, and transmits this text data LPN-1 together with the time stamp IAT and the toll object TOI-2 of the image acquisition as an extract of the decentralized control data record SDS by means of the Mobilunk transceiver 240 via a mobile network 40 to the toll center 50, where this control data record - without image data VID - via the communication interface 540 from the central control device (central DVE) 500 received and the central processor 510 is provided (S100 in Fig. 6a and Fig. 7 ).
  • the vehicle-side interface of the mobile radio network 40 is the base station 42, which is operated by a second mobile radio operator ( Fig. 1 ).
  • the communication link between the controlling vehicle 20 and the toll center 50 is thereby maintained until the central processor 510 the receipt check of the control record extract with positive completed, the control record extract together with the mobile number SSN (Surveillance Equipment Subscriber Number) of the decentralized control device 200 as a central control record CDS (Control Data Set) stored in a central control data storage 523 and has sent to the decentralized processor 210 of the decentralized control device 200 a request from the toll fee of the toll object stored in the toll data memory 222 on which the second vehicle has become controlling, deduct a remission of 10%.
  • SSN Service Equipment Subscriber Number
  • CDS Control Data Set
  • the central processor 510 of the central control device 500 uses the text data LPN-1 of the vehicle identifier contained in the central control record CDS to determine the mobile number TSN stored in association with the vehicle number LPN-1 in the registration database as the communication address of the vehicle device 100 by means of a corresponding database query the registration data sets RDS of the vehicle-mounted data memory 520 (S 200 in FIG Fig. 6a and Fig. 7 ). By selecting this mobile number TSN, the central processor 510 attempts to set up a communication connection to the vehicle device 100 of the toll vehicle 10 via its communication interface 540 (S 300 in FIG Fig. 6a and Fig. 7 ).
  • the communication connection with the vehicle device 100 via the mobile radio transceiver 140 is established via the base station 42 of a second mobile radio operator ( Fig. 1 ).
  • the data flow diagram of Fig. 5 the central control device 500 requests from the tolling first vehicle 10 the toll object TOI-X stored as location information in the toll data memory 122 of the vehicle device 100, at which time toll collection in the vehicle device 100 occurred last before the time stamp IAT of the account data record SDS / CDS , By comparing the time stamp IAT of the control data record TDS received from the toll center 50 with the time stamps TRT of the toll data memory 122, the vehicle processor 110 determines the toll record TDS whose time stamp TRT is closest to the time stamp IAT of the control data record SDS / CDS precedes.
  • This toll data record TDS transmits the vehicle device 100 by means of its mobile radio transceiver 140 together with the identifier TOI-X of the tolling track section 30 carrying toll object, the survey time TRT, and the vehicle information, namely the vehicle registration number LPN-X and the toll-relevant vehicle parameters TVP- X, via the mobile network 40 to the central control device 500 (S 400 in Fig. 6a and 7 ).
  • the central processor 510 compares the toll object TOI-X transferred from the toll data set TDS of the toll vehicle 10 with that from the toll object TOI-2 of the control data record SDS / CDS of the controlling vehicle 20 and thereby successfully determines its match (S 500 in FIG Fig. 6b and 7 ).
  • the central processor 510 compares the vehicle information transmitted from the toll collection data TDS of the toll vehicle 10 with the text data of the vehicle license plate LPN-X and toll-relevant vehicle parameters TVP-X with the vehicle information of the text data of the vehicle license plate LPN-1 and the toll-relevant vehicle parameters TVP-1 which with the mobile number TSN of the vehicle device 100 are stored within the registration data set RDS in the registration data memory 520 and thereby successfully determines their match (S 600 in Fig. 6b and 7 ). The control is thus completed positively (E100 in Fig. 6b ).
  • the remote processor 210 is configured to connect the remote control data set SDS stored in the control data memory 223 of the remote control device to this control at the lapse of a predetermined storage period (deletion period) from a certain point in time (the image acquisition, the sending of the control data extract) the toll center 50 or the reception of its receipt confirmation). However, it is also configured to serve an erase request it receives from the central controller over the mobile network 40 at an earlier time due to a positive completion of control before the predetermined storage period has expired, by sending the decentralized control record SDS that is to This control is stored in the control data memory 223 of the decentralized control device, clears before the predetermined storage period has expired.
  • a predetermined storage period the image acquisition, the sending of the control data extract
  • Such deletion request is sent from the toll center 50 by selecting the present in the central control record CDS mobile number SSN the decentralized control device 200 to the controlling vehicle 20, received by the controlling vehicle 20 and operated by the decentralized processor 210 accordingly.
  • no vehicle device 100 is determined by the central control device that in the data memory 520 under the vehicle registration number LPN-1 already a toll information TOI-X is present, which coincides with the control information TOI-2, resulting in the same way a positive control result results.
  • the central processor 510 and the remote processor 210 are configured in accordance with the invention to complete the control method in accordance with the invention in the event of a negative control result.
  • Fig. 6a and 6b For example, for the central processor 510, there are five decision steps S200, S300, S400, S500, and S600 to which the presence of a condition may or may not be met, and the non-satisfaction of one of the conditions always ends with a negative control result E101, accordingly Comparison of the toll information of the vehicle 10 with the control information of the vehicle 20 or the toll center 50 has failed.
  • Step S200 is followed by a negative check result E101 if no mobile number TSN of a vehicle device is recorded in the database 520 of the central control device 500 for the vehicle identifier LPN-1 transmitted with the control data record extract.
  • Step S300 is followed by a negative check result E101 when a connection to the vehicle apparatus 100 can not be established under the recorded mobile telephone number TSN.
  • the user does not use the vehicle device 100 and, for example, it is switched off.
  • Step S400 is followed by a negative control result E101 if no toll information - in particular no toll data record TDS - is transmitted to the toll center 50 despite the established connection by the vehicle device 100. In this case, it can be assumed that although the vehicle device 100 is switched on, it is not carried in the vehicle 10.
  • Step S400 is followed by a negative control result E101 when a comparison of the toll object TOI-X transmitted by the vehicle device 100 - as an example of location information of the toll-enabled first vehicle 10 - with the toll object TOI-2 - of the location information transmitted from the decentralized control device 200 of controlling second vehicle - by the central processor 510 does not match.
  • Step S500 is followed by a negative control result E101 when a comparison of the vehicle identifier LPN-X transmitted by the vehicle device 100 with the vehicle identifier LPN-1 stored centrally to the vehicle device 100 under its mobile phone number TSN results in no match.
  • the central control unit 500 selects the decentralized control device 200 under their mobile phone number SSN, which is stored together with the control record extract as a central control record CDS in the central control data memory 523, and sends her a request, the stored image for the present control case image data of the toll vehicle 10 at the central control device 500 to transmit (S700 in Fig. 6b and Fig. 7 ; Fig. 5 ).
  • the decentralized control device 200 adequately serves this request by sending its decentralized processor 210 a copy of the corresponding image data VID of the central control data record SDS from the control data memory 223 to the mobile radio transceiver 240 for dispatch to the central control device 200.
  • the mobile radio communication connection between the controlling vehicle 20 and the toll center 50 is thereby maintained until the central control device 500 has confirmed the receipt of the image data by a corresponding message to the decentralized control device 200, the decentralized control device 200 has transmitted the request, the control record including, in particular, the image data - to be completely deleted from the remote control data memory 223, the central processor 210 has served this request by the deletion from the remote control data memory 223, the remote control device 200 has sent a confirmation of the deletion to the central control device 500, and the central control device 500 has sent an instruction to the remote control device 200 to cancel the toll charge collected in the toll database 222 for the controlled toll object.
  • the processor 510 of the central controller 500 adds the image data VID to the central control record CDS to provide it for documentation purposes as part of a reconnaissance, offense and / or criminal procedure (S800 in FIG Fig. 6b and 7 ).
  • no vehicle device 100 is determined by the central control device that in the data memory 520 no vehicle license plate LPN-1 is registered, or under the vehicle license plate LPN-1 only a toll information TOI-5 is present, not with the control information TOI-2 which results in a similar negative control result.
  • the decentralized control device 200 As long as the decentralized control device 200 operates in the control mode, it receives an image from the environment of the vehicle 20 in the presence of the triggering condition.
  • the processor 210 returns the remote controller to sleep mode when it determines that the vehicle 20 has exited the control area based on the comparison of position data provided by the GNSS receiver with the coordinates of the control area.
  • the decentralized processor 210 puts the decentralized control unit 200 back into the idle mode as soon as the control period specified for the control task has expired.
  • the decentralized processor 210 can at least temporarily put the decentralized control device 200 in the idle mode when a standstill or too short a distance of less than a vehicle length (5 meters) to a preceding or following vehicle is detected.
  • the remote processor may put the decentralized controller back into control mode operation once the stall is over, or the distance has increased to ten vehicle lengths (50 meters).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
EP13075048.2A 2012-07-23 2013-07-23 Procédé de contrôle de péage et installations de contrôle de péage ainsi que le système de péage doté des installations de contrôle de péage de ce type Withdrawn EP2690602A3 (fr)

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EP13075047.4A Active EP2690601B1 (fr) 2012-07-23 2013-07-23 Procédé de contrôle de péage et installations de contrôle de péage ainsi que le système de péage doté des installations de contrôle de péage de ce type

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EP1783692A3 (fr) * 2005-10-06 2007-12-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Mise en application avec des temps de cycle réduits
DE102007035738A1 (de) * 2007-07-30 2009-02-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Übermittlungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Übermitteln einer aktuellen Position eines Fahrzeugs an eine Auswertezentrale
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EP3188133A1 (fr) * 2015-12-30 2017-07-05 Toll Collect GmbH Dispositif de traitement de donnees de position et systeme de peage et procede de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de traitement de donnees de position et d'un systeme de peage
CN110428280A (zh) * 2019-07-11 2019-11-08 深圳市元征科技股份有限公司 一种信息处理方法及相关产品

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EP2690601A2 (fr) 2014-01-29

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