EP3211605B1 - Dispositif de véhicule, système, dispositif coté route et procédé d'exécution d'au moins une transaction - Google Patents

Dispositif de véhicule, système, dispositif coté route et procédé d'exécution d'au moins une transaction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3211605B1
EP3211605B1 EP16000485.9A EP16000485A EP3211605B1 EP 3211605 B1 EP3211605 B1 EP 3211605B1 EP 16000485 A EP16000485 A EP 16000485A EP 3211605 B1 EP3211605 B1 EP 3211605B1
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Prior art keywords
location information
transaction
roadside
piece
vehicle
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3211605A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfram Tuchscheerer
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Toll Collect GmbH
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Toll Collect GmbH
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Publication of EP3211605A1 publication Critical patent/EP3211605A1/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G07B15/06—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems
    • G07B15/063—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems using wireless information transmission between the vehicle and a fixed station

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vehicle device according to the preamble of claim 1, a system according to the preamble of claim 9 and a method according to the preamble of claim 12.
  • OBU on-board units
  • These vehicle devices can be of the self-locating type and can include a position determination device which determines a position of the vehicle at a plurality of successive points in time, with the vehicle device or a central device arranged outside and away from the vehicle using the determined positions being used to determine these positions from the vehicle device receives, in the course of a comparison of the positions with map data, it is determined whether the vehicle has traveled on a toll road section.
  • a position determination device which determines a position of the vehicle at a plurality of successive points in time, with the vehicle device or a central device arranged outside and away from the vehicle using the determined positions being used to determine these positions from the vehicle device receives, in the course of a comparison of the positions with map data, it is determined whether the vehicle has traveled on a toll road section.
  • They can also be of the externally located type and comprise an on-board communication device which sends information about the identity of the vehicle device and/or the vehicle to a roadside communication device of a roadside survey device which, in turn, combines this information with an identifier which is representative of a route segment, which the vehicle has passed in the course of passage at the roadside communication device.
  • vehicle devices of the self-locating type can also include a vehicle-side communication device which receives the identifier of a route section that the vehicle passes during the passage at the roadside communication device from a roadside communication device of a roadside collection device.
  • a toll fee is determined depending on the toll road section and optionally also depending on specified, so-called toll-relevant, vehicle data of the vehicle, such as the emission class, vehicle weight, number of axles, etc., and this by Billing to a user of the vehicle and / or by debiting an account of a user of the vehicle.
  • both the vehicle devices of the self-locating type and those of the externally located type are equipped with an on-board communication device which—if available—can be provided by the on-board communication device that is used for toll collection.
  • a control device of the toll system located outside and away from the vehicle that is subject to the toll communicates with the on-board communication device of the vehicle device by means of a control communication device and requests at least one item of operability information from the vehicle device, which confirms or denies the operability of the vehicle device.
  • the vehicle device can be requested by the control device to transmit its identifier to the control device, the number plate and toll-relevant vehicle data of the vehicle subject to the toll to which it is assigned, as well as data on the last communication with a roadside collection device or the last determined route section.
  • control devices hand-held devices for stationary control of a stationary vehicle as part of a stationary control, control vehicles for mobile control of a moving vehicle (e.g. when overtaking) and roadside control devices for stationary control of a moving vehicle (e.g. control bridges spanning the road several communication devices arranged transversely to the direction of travel, each assigned to a lane).
  • roadside collection devices and roadside control devices described can be summarized under the term roadside device—or technically “beacon”—because of the roadside communication devices that they each comprise.
  • the on-vehicle communication device and the road-side communication device are preferably of the short-distance communication type capable of communication over at least 10 meters and up to 1000 meters.
  • Distance between the vehicle-side communication device and the road-side communication device by radio or by optical communication - is possible - preferably in the infrared range.
  • the short-range communication takes place according to a standard for short-range communication, for example WAVE, W-LAN or DSRC (dedicated short-range communication).
  • EN 12253 is a standard for DSRC communication in the microwave range around 5.8 GHz.
  • a transaction is a sequence of program steps, the execution of which is triggered by a specific event and which end with a defined result.
  • a communication transaction between a first and a second communication partner can in particular include the steps of sending and receiving data. In particular, it includes the entire exchange of information between the first and second communication partner that is necessary to arrive at the result of the transaction.
  • a communication transaction can be triggered, for example, by the second communication partner receiving a request signal sent by the first communication partner to carry out the transaction.
  • a result of a communication transaction can be, for example, that the first communication partner receives information requested by the request signal from the second communication partner.
  • the first communication partner confirms, for example, by sending a message to the second communication partner that he has received the requested information.
  • a 'toll transaction' as a special case of a communication transaction if in the vehicle device and/or the roadside collection device as a result of a data exchange between the vehicle device and the roadside collection device by means of their respective communication devices (in particular DSRC Communication devices) at least one assignment of a route section traveled (for example, its identifier) to the vehicle (for example, its license plate number) takes place.
  • a route section traveled for example, its identifier
  • Equivalent assignments for example that of a toll fee to the vehicle device (for example its serial number or mobile phone number) or to a user (for example its customer number), are also the result of such a toll transaction.
  • Such a toll transaction is described as an example in the form of the CARDME transaction in Appendix B of the DIN EN ISO 14906 standard, the content of which is expressly referred to in the context of the present description.
  • a control device If a control device is involved in the control, one speaks of a control transaction as a special case of a communication transaction if, as a result of a data exchange between the vehicle device and the roadside control device via their respective communication devices (in particular DSRC communication devices), the roadside control device has at least the information which the roadside control device has requested from the vehicle device.
  • any transaction involving a roadside device with a roadside communication device can also be referred to as a beacon transaction.
  • the vehicle device can inform and/or be informed about the successful or unsuccessful execution of the transaction, for example by means of an acknowledgment message ("receipt"), and use this information to register the transaction as having been carried out or not carried out.
  • receipt an acknowledgment message
  • the problem of repeated execution of a transaction arises when, after a first transaction has been carried out between the vehicle device and a roadside device, a second transaction takes place between the same vehicle device and the same roadside device, for example because the vehicle has moved after the first transaction has been carried out Transaction did not move quickly enough out of communication range with the roadside facility.
  • a double posting can be reversed by a time comparison of time stamps associated with the respective transaction, for example by deleting the transaction result of the second transaction, if the time difference between the second time stamp of the second transaction and the first time stamp of the first transaction is a predetermined maximum time difference, does not exceed.
  • U.S. Patent US 5,675,494 A discloses a vehicle device that is designed to perform a transaction in interaction with a roadside device, to switch to a transaction prohibition mode after the transaction has been performed, to measure the distance traveled since the transaction was performed and to remain in the transaction prohibition mode as long as the distance traveled is less than a predetermined distance, or cancel the transaction prohibition mode once the traveled distance is greater than the predetermined distance.
  • German patent DE 43 17 159 C1 discloses a vehicle device configured to interact with a first on-road device to perform a transaction, to switch to a transaction prohibition mode upon completion of the transaction, and to cancel the transaction prohibition mode upon receipt of a predetermined signal from a second on-road device.
  • EP 0 632 410 A2 discloses a transaction system with a first roadside device having a first identifier, a second roadside device having a second identifier, and a vehicle device receiving a first identifier from the first roadside device as part of a first transaction, the vehicle device being configured , transmitting the identifier of a second transaction received during the last transaction to the second roadside device, and wherein the second roadside device is adapted to compare the received identifier with its second identifier and to allow the second transaction if the received identifier does not match the second identifier corresponds, and otherwise to prevent.
  • a vehicle device for carrying out at least one transaction by means of or as a result of communication with a roadside device, the vehicle device being designed to record first location information, carrying out a first transaction by means of or as a result of a allow communication with a first roadside device, record at least one piece of second location information, allow the implementation of a second transaction that follows the first transaction in terms of time if the location information difference between the first location information and the second location information exceeds a predetermined difference amount and the implementation of one of the first transactions in terms of time not allow subsequent second transaction if the location information difference between the first location information and the second location information a congresstim mth difference does not exceed.
  • a first roadside device and at least one second roadside device is preferably smaller than the distance between a second roadside device following the first roadside device in the direction of traffic flow and the first roadside device.
  • the difference is greater than 50 meters and less than 2000 meters.
  • the difference can also be greater than the distance between a second roadside device that follows the first roadside device in the traffic flow direction and the first roadside device and smaller than the distance to a third roadside facility following next but one in the traffic flow direction of the first roadside facility.
  • a transaction in interaction with the second roadside facility arranged between the first and the third roadside facility can thus be avoided in a targeted manner.
  • the detection of location information by the vehicle device includes both the determination of a position as absolute location information by the vehicle device, for example by means of a GNSS position determination device included in the vehicle device based on received signals from satellites of a global satellite navigation system (GNSS), and the determination of a path length as relative location information by the vehicle device, for example by means of a path length measuring device included in the vehicle device, as well as the receipt of location information or position from a roadside device by means of a communication device of the vehicle device, with a position of the roadside device being considered to correspond to the position of the vehicle device with sufficient accuracy .
  • GNSS global satellite navigation system
  • the reception of a position is particularly important in cases where it is not possible to determine a position due to shadowing effects - for example in a tunnel - in the absence of received GNSS signals. So - for example at a distance of a few 10 to a few 100 meters in a tunnel at the Tunnel ceiling or wall beacons may be arranged, each sending out their position repeatedly at intervals of a few milliseconds.
  • the roadside device with which the vehicle device communicates to carry out the transaction can send its location as part of a signal sent to the vehicle device (for example the request signal), which the vehicle device receives and records as its own position.
  • the vehicle device according to the invention can include a position determination device, the first and second location information can be absolute location information in the form of first and second positions, and the vehicle device according to the invention can be designed to receive the first position and the second position from the position determination device or by means of the position determination device determine to allow the second transaction to be performed if the distance between the second location and the first location exceeds a predetermined first limit distance and not to allow the second transaction to be completed if the distance between the second location and the first location exceeds the predetermined first limit distance does not exceed the limit distance.
  • Such a vehicle device does not necessarily have to include a path length measuring device.
  • Such a vehicle device can include a GNSS position determination device which is designed to receive navigation signals from navigation satellites of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and to determine positions based on the received navigation signals, the vehicle device being designed to determine the first and the second position from the GNSS To receive position determination device or to determine by means of the position determination device.
  • GNSS global navigation satellite system
  • the vehicle device can comprise a route length measuring device
  • the first and second location information can be relative location information in the form of first and second route lengths and the vehicle device can be designed to receive the first route length and the second route length from the route length measuring device or to determine them using the route length measuring device allowing the second transaction to be performed if the difference between the second path length and the first path length exceeds a predetermined first limit difference, and disallowing the second transaction to be performed if the difference between the second path length and the first path length does not exceed the predetermined first limit difference exceeds.
  • a vehicle device does not necessarily have to include a position determination device.
  • the vehicle device according to the invention can be designed to receive the first location information from the first roadside device, to receive the second location information from the first roadside device or from a second roadside device, to allow the second transaction to be carried out if the second location information does not matches the first location information and disallows the second transaction to be performed if the second location information matches the first location information.
  • a vehicle device does not necessarily have to include a position determination device or a path length measuring device.
  • the difference in location information between the first location information and the second location information is an absolute value, i. H. positive, value.
  • the location information difference can also be referred to as the location information difference amount.
  • the predetermined amount of difference can be fixed. It is preferably greater than 50 meters and less than 2000 meters. For example, it is 250 meters.
  • the predetermined difference can be stored in the vehicle device linked to a beacon geo-object, which the vehicle device determines by comparison with a position recorded in connection with the execution of the first transaction (for example the first location information in the form of a first position).
  • a position recorded in connection with the execution of the first transaction for example the first location information in the form of a first position.
  • the predetermined amount of the difference can be stored in the roadside device and can be sent by the roadside device and received by the vehicle device as part of a communication signal—particularly as part of an acknowledgment signal about the successful execution of the transaction.
  • At least the first roadside device of a system with the vehicle device according to the invention and a first roadside device is designed as a first bridge spanning the road, which has a first roadside communication device (in particular a first roadside DSRC communication device) for transaction-related communication with a communication device (in particular a vehicle-side DSRC communication device) of the vehicle device or on which a first roadside communication device for transaction-related communication with a communication device (in particular a vehicle-side DSRC communication device) of the vehicle device is attached.
  • a first roadside communication device in particular a first roadside DSRC communication device
  • a communication device in particular a vehicle-side DSRC communication device
  • the second roadside device of a system with the vehicle device according to the invention is designed as a second bridge spanning the road, which has a second roadside communication device (in particular a second roadside DSRC communication device) for the transaction-related communication with a communication device (in particular an on-board DSRC communication device) of the vehicle device or to which a second roadside communication device (in particular a second roadside DSRC communication device) for transaction-related communication with a communication device (in particular an on-board DSRC communication device) of the vehicle device is attached.
  • a second roadside communication device in particular a second roadside DSRC communication device
  • a communication device in particular an on-board DSRC communication device
  • At least the first roadside device of a system with the vehicle device according to the invention and a first roadside device is designed as a first pillar arranged at a distance of one to 20 meters next to the road, which has a first roadside communication device (in particular a first roadside DSRC communication device ) for transaction-related communication with a communication device (in particular an on-board DSRC communication device) of Vehicle device comprises or on which a first roadside communication device (in particular a first roadside DSRC communication device) for transaction-related communication with a communication device (in particular a vehicle-side DSRC communication device) of the vehicle device is attached.
  • a first roadside communication device in particular a first roadside DSRC communication device
  • a communication device in particular a vehicle-side DSRC communication device
  • the second roadside device of a system with the vehicle device according to the invention is designed as a second pillar arranged at a distance of one to 20 meters next to the road, which has a second roadside communication device (in particular a second roadside DSRC communication device) for transaction-related communication with a communication device (in particular a vehicle-side DSRC communication device) of the vehicle device or on which a second roadside communication device (in particular a second roadside DSRC communication device) for transaction-related communication with a communication device (in particular a vehicle-side DSRC communication device) Vehicle device is attached.
  • a second roadside communication device in particular a second roadside DSRC communication device
  • Vehicle device is attached.
  • the difference between a transaction performed by communication between an in-vehicle device and an on-road device and a transaction performed as a result of communication between an in-vehicle device and an on-road device is that in a transaction performed by a communication is carried out between a vehicle device and a roadside device, at least one specific communication between the vehicle device and a roadside device constitutes the sufficient condition for the implementation of the transaction in the sense that the receipt of data transmitted by means of the specific communication already counts as a transaction , while in a transaction performed as a result of communication between a vehicle device and a roadside device, at least some communication between the driving vehicle device and a roadside device is only a necessary condition for the implementation of the transaction in the sense that in addition to the receipt of data transmitted by means of the communication, at least one of the two communication partners vehicle device or roadside device must carry out at least one processing step with regard to the received data, for the transaction to be completed.
  • a communication between a vehicle device and a roadside device can be understood as both the unidirectional communication in which the roadside device only transmits and the vehicle device only receives or the vehicle device only transmits and the roadside device only receives, as well as any communication of a bidirectional communication, in which both the roadside device transmits and receives and the vehicle device transmits and receives.
  • the communication can consist of the transmission of a single message as part of a single communication signal.
  • a message therefore contains all information in the form of all data that the recipient needs so that the transaction is deemed to have been carried out or can be carried out when the communication signal is received by the recipient.
  • this communication is constituted by the transmission and reception of an initialization signal that the on-road device transmits and the vehicle device receives, or the vehicle device transmits and the on-vehicle device receives.
  • the communication may involve the transmission of multiple messages as part of multiple communication signals sent from the vehicle device to the roadside device and received by the roadside device and sent from the roadside device and received by the vehicle device.
  • Such communication can be initiated by the transmission of an initialization signal by the vehicle device or by the roadside device.
  • the vehicle device according to the invention is preferably designed to send and/or receive initialization signals that form or initiate communication with a device on the road.
  • the vehicle device according to the invention can be designed to allow a transaction to be carried out by making a contribution to carrying out the transaction and not to allow a transaction to be carried out by not making a contribution that would lead to the transaction being carried out.
  • the vehicle device is preferably designed to allow the execution of the first transaction by contributing to the execution of the first transaction by means of or as a result of a first communication with a first roadside device, to allow the execution of the second transaction that follows the first transaction in terms of time by using or contributes to the completion of the second transaction as a result of a communication with the first Roadside Facility or a second Roadside Facility and does not permit the completion of the second Transaction chronologically subsequent to the first Transaction by not using or resulting from a communication with the first Roadside to avoid the second Transaction Facility or a second roadside facility contributes to the implementation of the second transaction.
  • such a vehicle device can be designed to transmit and/or receive initialization signals that form or initiate communication with a device on the road.
  • such a vehicle device can be designed to contribute to the implementation of the first transaction by sending a first initialization signal or by receiving a first initialization signal sent by the first roadside device or by receiving and processing a first initialization signal sent by the first roadside device , by transmitting a second initialization signal, or by receiving a second initialization signal transmitted by the first roadside facility or a second roadside facility, or by receiving and processing a second initialization signal transmitted by the first roadside facility or a second roadside facility to perform the second to contribute to the transaction and by not sending a second initialization signal or by suppressing the E avoid performing the second transaction by receiving a second initialization signal transmitted by the first roadside device or a second roadside device or by not processing a second initialization signal transmitted by the first roadside device or a second roadside device and received by the vehicle device.
  • such a vehicle device can be designed to send a first information signal as a result of receiving a first initialization signal or a first response signal to a sent first initialization signal, to allow the second transaction to be carried out by sending a second initialization signal or as a result of receiving a sending a second information signal after the second initialization signal, and disallowing the execution of a second transaction by not sending a second initialization signal transmits, does not transmit a second information signal and/or suppresses the receipt of a second initialization signal or its processing.
  • a vehicle device can also be designed to receive request signals from roadside devices, to contribute to the implementation of the first transaction by sending a first information signal as a result of receiving a first request signal or a first "response signal" to a transmitted first initialization signal, to allow the second transaction to be carried out by sending a second information signal in response to receipt of a second request signal, and disallowing a second transaction to occur by not sending a second information signal and/or suppressing receipt of or processing of a second request signal.
  • the vehicle device according to the invention can be designed to send presence signals, to contribute to the implementation of the first transaction by sending a first information signal as a result of receiving a first response signal to a sent first request signal, to allow the implementation of the second transaction by sending a second initialization signal , and disallowing a second transaction to proceed by failing to send a second initialization signal.
  • the vehicle device according to the invention can comprise an on-board DSRC communication device for carrying out transactions in DSRC communications with road-side devices or can be designed as such.
  • This on-board DSRC communication device can be designed to transmit at least a first roadside communication signal (e.g. a first roadside initialization signal or a first roadside response signal sent by the first roadside device in response to the receipt of a first onboard communication signal sent by the onboard DSRC communication device) from of the first roadside devices and/or to transmit at least one first vehicle-side communication signal, and in the event that the vehicle device authorizes the second transaction, at least one second roadside communication signal (e.g.
  • a first roadside communication signal e.g. a first roadside initialization signal or a first roadside response signal sent by the first roadside device in response to the receipt of a first onboard communication signal sent by the onboard DSRC communication device
  • at least one second roadside communication signal e.g.
  • the vehicle device according to the invention is preferably designed to acquire the first location information at a first acquisition time and to acquire the second location information at at least one second acquisition time following the first acquisition time.
  • the vehicle device is preferably designed to send at least one first communication signal to the first roadside device or to receive it from the first roadside device as part of the communication with the first roadside device that is useful for carrying out the first transaction, and to send the second location information to at least one first To capture communication time of transmission or receipt of the first communication signal chronologically subsequent detection time.
  • this time of acquisition is a second time of acquisition, which is chronologically subordinate to a first time of acquisition of the first piece of location information.
  • a detected location information is then used according to the invention as the first location information if by determination. their difference from the second location information is included in the decision as to whether a second transaction is to be permitted or not.
  • the first communication signal may be a first initialization signal that the vehicle device or the first on-road device transmits without first having received another communication signal from the first road-side device or the vehicle device from which the first initialization signal is received.
  • the first communication signal may be a first response signal that the vehicle device sends in response to a first initialization signal sent by the first roadside device and received by the vehicle device, or the first roadside device in response to a sent by the vehicle device and received by the first roadside device received first initialization signal sends.
  • the first communication signal may be a first acknowledgment signal that the vehicle device receives from the first roadside device or the first roadside device receives from the vehicle device without thereafter sending another communication signal to the first roadside device or the vehicle device.
  • the vehicle device is preferably designed to send at least one first communication signal to the first roadside device or to receive it from the first roadside device as part of the communication with the first roadside device that is useful for carrying out the first transaction, and to transmit at least one item of location information at a plurality of acquisition times detect, and from the plurality of detected location information to use a detected location information as the first location information, the first time of detection of a first communication time of transmission or reception of the first communication signal immediately precedes or follows. For example, the first acquisition time precedes a second acquisition time at which the second location information is acquired.
  • detected location information is then used as second location information if it is included in the decision as to whether or not a second transaction is to be permitted by determining its difference from the first location information.
  • the first communication signal may be a first initialization signal that the vehicle device or the first on-road device transmits without first having received another communication signal from the first road-side device or the vehicle device from which the first initialization signal is received.
  • the first communication signal may be a first response signal that the vehicle device sends in response to a first initialization signal sent by the first roadside device and received by the vehicle device, or the first roadside device in response to a sent by the vehicle device and received by the first roadside device received first initialization signal sends.
  • the first communication signal may be a first acknowledgment signal that the vehicle device receives from the first roadside device or the first roadside device receives from the vehicle device without thereafter sending another communication signal to the first roadside device or the vehicle device.
  • the vehicle device is preferably designed to send at least one first communication signal to the first roadside device or to receive it from the first roadside device as part of the communication with the first roadside device that is useful for carrying out the first transaction, at a plurality of first detection times of the detection to capture at least one item of location information following the first location information and to use one of the location information items captured after the first location information item as second location information, the time of capture of which corresponds to a second communication time of the forthcoming transmission or receipt of a second communication signal by the vehicle device immediately preceding or whose location information difference from the first location information exceeds the predetermined difference amount.
  • the first communication signal may be a first initialization signal that the vehicle device or the first roadside device sends without having previously received another communication signal from the first roadside device or the vehicle device from which the first initialization signal is received: alternatively, the first communication signal can a first response signal that the vehicle device transmits in response to a first initialization signal transmitted by the first roadside device and received by the vehicle device, or the first roadside device transmits in response to a first initialization signal transmitted by the vehicle device and received by the first roadside device .
  • the first communication signal may be a first acknowledgment signal that the vehicle device receives from the first roadside device or the first roadside device receives from the vehicle device without thereafter sending another communication signal to the first roadside device or the vehicle device.
  • the second communication signal may be a second initialization signal that the vehicle device or the first or a second roadside device transmits without first having received another communication signal from the first or a second roadside device or the vehicle device from which the first initialization signal is received.
  • the second communication signal may be a second response signal that the vehicle device responds to by one of the first and second roadside devices transmits a second initialization signal transmitted and received by the vehicle device, or transmits the first on-road device in response to a second initialization signal transmitted by the vehicle device and received by the first on-road device.
  • the second communication signal may be a second acknowledgment signal that the vehicle device receives from the first or a second roadside device, or the first or a second roadside device from the vehicle device, without thereafter sending another communication signal to the first or second roadside device or the vehicle device to send.
  • the vehicle device according to the invention is preferably designed to register the execution of the first transaction and to acquire second location information as a result of the registration of the execution of the first transaction.
  • the vehicle device can be designed to register the execution of the first transaction in the first roadside device by receiving a first acknowledgment signal from the first roadside device about the successful receipt of the information that the vehicle device previously sent to the first roadside device to carry out the sent the first transaction.
  • the vehicle device according to the invention is particularly preferably designed to register the execution of the first transaction at a first registration time which precedes a second acquisition time of the second location information, and to acquire a second location information as a result of the registration of the execution of the first transaction.
  • the vehicle device is preferably designed to register the execution of the first transaction at a registration time and not to allow a second transaction during a specified prohibition period after the registration time of the first toll transaction.
  • the duration of the prohibition period is preferably greater than 1 second and less than the driving time that a vehicle requires at least while adhering to the speed limit to move from the first communication area of the first roadside device to the second communication area of the second roadside device immediately following in the direction of travel on the street or to return to the first communication area of the first roadside device by the shortest regular route, depending on which of the two routes takes less travel time.
  • the vehicle device is preferably designed to record a plurality of second items of location information and to allow a second transaction to be carried out after the first transaction in terms of time if the difference in location information between the first item of location information and a specific number of pieces of second location information exceeds a predetermined difference amount and the carrying out of one of the first transactions chronologically subsequent second transaction if the location information difference between the first location information and a certain number of second location information does not exceed a predetermined difference amount.
  • the reliability of the decision to carry out or not to carry out a second transaction can be increased. Because it is precisely when the GNSS position determination is stationary that it shows a greater position error than when it is moving, and such a measure excludes that a single position difference between a second position and the first position, which accidentally exceeds the difference amount due to a very large position error, leads to an unjustified second transaction.
  • the predetermined number is greater than two and less than ten.
  • the predetermined number is particularly preferably three, four or five.
  • the vehicle device is particularly preferably designed to record a plurality of second items of location information and to allow the execution of a second transaction that follows the first transaction in terms of time if the difference in location information between the first item of location information and a specific number of second items of location information recorded within a specified time frame exceeds a predetermined difference amount and not to allow the execution of a second transaction that follows the first transaction in time if the location information difference between the first location information and a certain number of second location information detected within a predetermined time frame does not exceed a predetermined difference amount.
  • the reliability of the decision to carry out or not to carry out a second transaction can thus be increased even further.
  • the predetermined number is greater than two and less than ten.
  • the predetermined number is particularly preferably three, four or five.
  • the predetermined time frame is preferably greater than two seconds and less than ten seconds.
  • the second positions are preferably detected in a 1Hz or 2Hz cycle.
  • the vehicle device is designed to record a plurality of second items of location information and to allow the execution of a second transaction that follows the first transaction in terms of time if the difference in location information between the first item of location information and a specific number of second items of location information recorded in immediate succession exceeds a predetermined difference amount and not to allow a second transaction to be carried out after the first transaction if the location information difference between the first location information and a specific number of second location information items recorded in immediate succession does not exceed a predetermined difference amount.
  • the predetermined number is greater than two and less than ten.
  • the predetermined number is particularly preferably three, four or five.
  • detected location information is always considered to be first location information according to the invention if it is included in the decision as to whether a second transaction is to be permitted or not by determining its difference from the second location information.
  • detected location information is always considered to be second location information according to the invention if it is included in the decision as to whether or not a second transaction is to be permitted by determining its difference from the first location information.
  • the vehicle device is preferably designed to capture as second location information one of those items of location information captured subsequent to the detection of the first location information whose location information difference from the first location information is greater than the predetermined difference amount if the location information difference is at least one of the multiple location information items detected to the first location information is greater than the predetermined difference amount, and as the second location information one of several, the detection of following the first location information in time, to capture detected location information if the difference in location information from none of the plurality of detected location information to the first location information is greater than the predetermined amount of difference.
  • This embodiment relates in particular to a vehicle device according to the invention, which includes a position determination device, the first and second location information being absolute location information in the form of first and second positions, and the vehicle device being designed to receive the first position and the second position from the position determination device or to be determined by means of the position determination device.
  • second location information stored in the vehicle device the difference in location information from the first location information is greater than the predetermined difference amount, not by location information recorded subsequent to the stored second location information, the difference in location information from the first location information is not greater than the predetermined difference amount, is replaced.
  • Such a configuration of the vehicle device according to the invention advantageously ensures that a second transaction is enabled not only with a roadside device other than the first, but also with the first roadside device (and only then) if the vehicle uses the vehicle device according to the first transaction far enough away from the first streetside facility.
  • a vehicle carrying the vehicle device according to the invention leaves this street after passing through the first roadside device of a first route section without driving on a second route section of this road following the first route section, on which a second roadside device is arranged, and in the course of a turning maneuver in the opposite direction or after driving through a loop away from said road in the original direction of travel, re-enters the first section.
  • the location information difference between second location information recorded in the vicinity of the first roadside device and the first location information would not necessarily be greater than the predetermined difference if it had not been determined that the second location information was a that of a plurality of pieces of location information captured subsequent to the collection of the first piece of location information is to be captured whose difference in location information from the first piece of location information is greater than the predetermined difference amount, if the difference in location information from at least one of the plurality of captured pieces of location information to the first piece of location information is greater than the predetermined difference amount .
  • such a vehicle device can be further developed to capture as second location information that of the plurality of location information captured below the first location information that was last captured from the plurality of captured location information if the location information difference of none of the plurality of captured location information to the first location information is greater than the predetermined difference amount.
  • such a vehicle device overwrites previously detected location information stored as second location information in the vehicle device with subsequently detected location information if neither the previously nor the subsequently detected location information has a location information difference that is greater than the first location information as the difference, and a previously detected second location information stored as second location information in the vehicle device, the Location information difference to the first location information exceeds the difference amount, is not overwritten by a subsequently detected location information whose location information difference from the first location information is not greater than the difference amount.
  • the vehicle device of this type can be further developed, regardless of whether at least one or none of the plurality of location information items detected subsequent to the detection of the first location information item has a location information difference from the first location information item that is greater than the predetermined difference amount, as the second location information item of the plurality of pieces of location information recorded below the first piece of location information, the difference in location information from the first piece of location information of the plurality of pieces of location information recorded having the greatest difference in location information from the first piece of location information.
  • the stored second location information is advantageously always available to this vehicle device of this type, the location information difference of which from the first location information is the greatest among all the location information recorded since the first location information was recorded. Recorded location information whose location information differences to the first location information are smaller than that of the last stored second location information cannot replace this last stored location information, so that when re-entering the communication area of the first roadside device after leaving it, a new, this time second, transaction is allowed as intended.
  • the vehicle device is designed to allow the implementation of the first transaction in an active operating mode of the vehicle device, in which the vehicle device is designed to allow at least one transaction as a result of the implementation of the first transaction from the active operating mode to a passive operating mode
  • the vehicle device is designed not to allow any transaction, as a result of a determination that the difference between the second location information and the first location information exceeds a predetermined limit value, to switch back from the passive operating mode to the active operating mode and in to allow the second transaction to be carried out and, in the absence of a determination that the difference between the second location information and the first second location information exceeds a predetermined limit value, to remain in the passive operating mode and not allow the second transaction to be carried out therein.
  • such a vehicle device is designed in the active operating mode to allow at least one transaction in that the vehicle device contributes to the implementation of a transaction by transmitting a vehicle-side communication signal, by receiving a roadside communication signal or by processing a received roadside communication signal.
  • such a vehicle device is designed in the passive operating mode not to allow any second transaction following the first transaction.
  • such a vehicle device is designed in the passive operating mode not to allow any transaction in that the vehicle device does not transmit any vehicle-side communication signal in the passive operating mode, suppresses the receipt of any roadside communication signal that may have been sent, or does not carry out any transaction-generating processing of a roadside communication signal received by the vehicle device.
  • the vehicle device can also be designed to store the first position in a first memory area of the vehicle device as a result of a determination that the distance between the second position and the first position exceeds a predetermined limit value, the first position from the first memory area of the vehicle device or to delete a predetermined marking stored for the first position in a second memory area of the vehicle device from the second memory area in connection with a transmission or receipt of a second request signal to check whether a first position is in the first memory area or the predetermined one is in the second memory area marking is stored, and (i) in the event of a positive result of the test, not to allow the second transaction to be carried out and (ii) in the event of a negative test result, to permit the second transaction to be carried out.
  • the system according to the invention preferably also comprises at least one second roadside device.
  • the vehicle device of the system according to the invention is preferably designed to record the first location information at a first time, to record the second location information at at least one second detection time that follows the first detection time, to allow the execution of the second transaction that follows the first transaction in time if the location information difference between a first location information and the second location information exceeds a predetermined difference and the Do not allow the second transaction to be carried out after the first transaction if the location information difference between the first location information and the second location information does not exceed a predetermined difference amount.
  • the system according to the invention can be characterized in that the first location information is stored at least temporarily in the first roadside device or a second roadside device of the system, with the vehicle device being designed to record the second location information and to transmit it to the first roadside device or the second roadside device device, and wherein the first roadside device or the second roadside device is designed to receive the second location information from the vehicle device, to allow the execution of the second transaction that follows the first transaction in time if the location information difference between a first location information and the second location information exceeds a predetermined difference and do not allow the second transaction to be carried out after the first transaction if the location information difference between Mixing the first location information and the second location information does not exceed a predetermined amount of difference.
  • the system according to the invention can have first and second roadside devices which are arranged at a distance from one another along a road in the direction of travel and which are each designed to allow a transaction by means of or as a result of communication with the vehicle device, to receive at least one vehicle-side communication signal sent by the vehicle device and in Response to the receipt of at least one vehicle-side signal sent by the vehicle device to carry out a transaction.
  • the system according to the invention is preferably characterized in that the distance between a first roadside facility and a second roadside facility arranged following the first roadside facility in the course of a road—in particular immediately—is greater than the predetermined difference.
  • said distance is greater than twice the predetermined amount of difference.
  • a roadside device for carrying out at least one transaction by means of or as a result of at least one communication with a vehicle device which at least temporarily has first location information and is designed to carry out a transaction by means of or as a result of a first communication between the vehicle device and the roadside device allow the first transaction, receive second location information from the vehicle device, allow the implementation of a second transaction that follows the first transaction in terms of time if the difference in location information between first location information and the second location information exceeds a predetermined difference amount and the implementation of a second transaction that follows the first transaction in terms of time Not allow transaction if the location information difference between the first location information and the second location information a v predetermined difference does not exceed.
  • the second location information is detected after the first location information is detected (step (c) follows step (a)).
  • the first location information of the vehicle device is detected at a first detection time and second location information of the vehicle device is detected at a second time subsequent to the first time by the vehicle device.
  • the first location information is recorded by the vehicle device.
  • the second piece of location information is recorded by the vehicle device.
  • the first transaction is carried out as a result of (i) the receipt and processing by the first roadside device of at least one first vehicle-side communication signal sent from the vehicle device to a first roadside device and/or (ii) the receipt and processing of at least one first roadside communication signal sent from a first roadside device to the vehicle device by the vehicle device.
  • the second transaction is carried out by means of or as a result of communication between the vehicle device and the first roadside device or a second roadside device and the avoidance of the second transaction in the absence of or despite communication between the vehicle device and the first roadside device or a second roadside device - for example, by not processing a communication signal received from a communication partner.
  • the performance of the second transaction as a result of (i) the receipt and processing by the first or second roadside device of at least a second vehicle-side communication signal sent from the vehicle device to the first or second roadside device and/or (ii ) the receipt and processing by the vehicle device of at least a second roadside communication signal sent from the first roadside device or a second roadside device to the vehicle device and avoiding the second transaction by (i) the refraining from sending a second communication signal by the one of the vehicle device or the first on-road device or the second on-road device, (ii) suppressing receipt of a second communication signal by the vehicle device or the first on-road device device or the second roadside device and/or (iii) failing to process a second communication signal received by the vehicle device or the first roadside device or the second roadside device.
  • Fig. 1a shows schematically a first embodiment of a vehicle device 30 of the self-locating type, which is identical in terms of structure, but not in terms of design, in the first and third exemplary embodiments, which has an on-board device 10 with an on-board device processor 11 as well as a DSRC communication module 20 and a displacement sensor 16b (e.g an odometer, an odometer, an odometer, or an odometer) includes, which are coupled to the vehicle device 10 data technology.
  • Data-technical couplings between data-technically coupled components are in 1 illustrated by continuous connecting lines between the coupled components. They can be implemented by interfaces, connecting lines or wireless means of communication (e.g. bluetooth).
  • the vehicle device processor 11 is designed to send data to the DSRC communication module processor 21 of the DSRC communication module 20 by executing a computer program that is loaded from the data read/write memory 17a into the main memory 17b for execution and receive data from it. Accordingly, by executing a computer program stored in the DSRC communication module data read/write memory 27a, the DSRC communication module processor 21 is designed to receive data from the vehicle device processor 11 and send it to it.
  • a GNSS position determination device 12 uses its GNSS receiving antenna 12b to receive signals from satellites (not shown) of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS), for example GPS, and uses its GNSS receiver 12a to determine its provisional position from the received satellite signals—and thus the provisional position of a vehicle 40 (see Figures 2a, 2b , 3a, 3b ), from which the vehicle device 30 is carried.
  • GNSS global navigation satellite system
  • the provisional position determined is further converted by the processor 11 to a position relative to the provisional position using travel direction change values provided by a gyroscope 16a of the on-board unit and using relative path length values of a route covered in a specific time frame provided by the travel encoder 16b Position more accurate final position (hereinafter referred to as "position") processed in the course of a method known as dead reckoning.
  • the signals of the gyroscope 16a and the displacement sensor 16b can be routed to the GNSS position determination device 12 instead of to the processor 11, with the GNSS position determination device 12 carrying out dead reckoning and providing the dead reckoned position to the vehicle device processor 11.
  • the position is determined by the processor 11 and/or the GNSS position determination device 12 repeatedly - for example every second - in particular during the course of the movement of the vehicle 40 by the vehicle device 30.
  • the position can be determined by the processor 11 in a manner known per se using the spectrum of cell identifiers which a mobile radio transceiver 13 included in the vehicle device 10 receives from the base stations of a mobile radio network by means of its mobile radio antenna. Nevertheless, a position determination using the GNSS position determination device 12 is preferred for reasons of position accuracy.
  • Vehicle device processor 11 is coupled to a security module 18, which is embodied as an independent data processing unit (for example as a so-called chip card) that has at least one autonomous control module 18a and a memory area 18b, with autonomous control module 18a being configured to process requests for a Issuing data from the storage area 18b and/or changing or recording data in the storage area 18b only against authentication.
  • the authentication procedure can be carried out by analyzing a digital signature using a public key stored by the signer in the memory area 18b of the security module 18 .
  • a cryptographic data memory (not shown) can be provided, in which the processor 11 can store data in encrypted form only with appropriate authentication and can read them out in a decrypted manner.
  • the vehicle device 10 has a battery 19a, in particular a rechargeable battery (e.g. an accumulator) for power supply, and a power connection 19 via which the vehicle device 10 can be supplied with power from the vehicle electrical system as an alternative to the battery 19a. If the battery 19a is in the form of an accumulator, it can be recharged via the power connection 19 .
  • the DSRC communication module 20 is also supplied with power via the interface between the vehicle device 10 and the DSRC communication module 20 .
  • a vehicle identifier of the vehicle 40 is stored in the form of the vehicle registration number, which is included in at least one vehicle plate of the vehicle 40, in the memory area 18b of the security module 18 or cryptographic data memory. Alternatively or optionally, the vehicle identifier can be stored in the data read/write memory 17a.
  • axle class and a pollutant class are stored in the memory area 18b of the security module 18 . Together with the vehicle identification, this data forms a set of vehicle data.
  • the user can register for the first time or change the vehicle identification, the axle class and/or the emission class by sending the relevant data and instructions via a user interface (Bluetooth interface, USB interface, keyboard or touch-sensitive display device) to the processor 11 transmitted to the in-vehicle equipment.
  • a user interface Bluetooth interface, USB interface, keyboard or touch-sensitive display device
  • a central data processing device located outside and away from vehicle 40, to which the user has previously transmitted the data from the initial registration or change, in that the central data processing device issues a corresponding instruction for initial registration or change of the vehicle identifier, the axle class and/or the vehicle class via a mobile radio network to the vehicle device 30, which receives this instruction together with the new data by means of a mobile radio transceiver 13 via the mobile radio antenna 13b and processes it by means of the vehicle device processor 11.
  • the encrypted storage of the vehicle identifier, the axle class and/or the emission class in the memory area 18b of the security module 18 or in the cryptographic data memory can be initiated by the vehicle device processor 11 using appropriate instructions.
  • the vehicle device processor 11 transmits it to the DSRC communication module 20, whose DSRC communication module processor 21 receives the vehicle data and stores it in a DSRC communication module main memory 27b.
  • the vehicle data can also be stored in the DSRC communication module data read/write memory 27a.
  • the DSRC communication module 20 is mounted at a distance from the vehicle device 10 on the inside of the windscreen of the vehicle 40 in such a way that the DSRC transceiver 23 communicates with a first DSRC communication device on the roadside arranged outside of the vehicle 40 by means of its DSRC transmitting and receiving means 23b 61a of a first roadside facility 60a (see Figure 2a and Figure 3a ) or with a second roadside DSRC communication device 61b arranged outside the vehicle 40 of a second roadside device 60b (see Figure 2b ) one can communicate.
  • a DSRC communication carrier is microwave in the frequency range of 5.8GHz.
  • infrared light e.g.
  • the DSRC transmission and reception means 23b can be multi-part and a transmission means (transmission antenna in the case of microwave DSRC communication, IR light-emitting diode (IR-LED) in the case of infrared DSRC communication) and a reception means (reception antenna in the case of microwave DSRC communication, IR photodiode (IR-PD) in case of infrared DSRC communication).
  • a transmission means transmission antenna in the case of microwave DSRC communication, IR light-emitting diode (IR-LED) in the case of infrared DSRC communication
  • IR-PD IR photodiode
  • the processor 11 detects a position of the vehicle 40 every second and processes the detected position data of these positions for the purpose of charging a vehicle-related toll fee, which is to be charged for the use of a section of road by the vehicle 30, which is based on of the recorded position data is identifiable.
  • vehicle device processor 11 uses a toll fee determination program running in working memory 17b to compare position data of one or more recorded positions with geographic elements (so-called toll geo objects) on a digital map, each of which is assigned an identifier for a route section. If there is sufficient geographical correspondence between the recorded position data and a specific geographical element, the route section whose identifier is linked to the specific geographical element is recognized as being traveled on. Subsequently, the on-board device processor 11 uses the identifier of the route section identified as traveled to determine a toll fee, which depends on the axle class and the pollutant class of the vehicle 30 .
  • axle class and emission class are toll-relevant data of the vehicle equipment because they determine the amount of the toll fee and insofar influence the processing of the position data for a toll fee related to the vehicle.
  • the central processor 11 then instructs the mobile radio transceiver 13 to send the determined toll fee together with the vehicle identification via a mobile radio network to a central data processing device (not shown) of a toll system.
  • the central data processing device uses the vehicle identifier to allocate the toll fee to a user account, from which the toll fee is deducted by a data processing device of a bank (not shown) and credited to the account of the toll operator.
  • a central toll fee determination is possible, for which the vehicle device transmits the recorded positions together with the vehicle data by means of the mobile radio transceiver 13 to a central data processing device (not shown) that is at a distance from the vehicle 40 and is located in the toll fee is determined in the same or similar manner as in the case of the described decentralized toll fee determination.
  • the vehicle device 30 is designed to carry out the steps of the method according to the invention by the vehicle device 10 and the DSRC communication module 20 interacting.
  • Fig. 1b shows schematically a second embodiment of a vehicle device 30 of the externally located type used in the second exemplary embodiment in the form of a DSRC communication module 20, which can optionally be used instead of the first embodiment for carrying out the method according to the invention and comprises a DSRC communication module processor 21 which is connected to a DSRC communication module data random access memory 27a, a DSRC communication module working memory 27b, a DSRC communication module signaling means 25, a DSRC transceiver 23 with a DSRC transmitting and receiving means 23b, a DSRC communication module GNSS position determination device 22 with a DSRC communication module GNSS receiving antenna 22b and coupled to a battery 29a for power supply.
  • a DSRC communication module processor 21 which is connected to a DSRC communication module data random access memory 27a, a DSRC communication module working memory 27b, a DSRC communication module signaling means 25, a DSRC transceiver 23 with a DSRC transmitting and receiving means 23
  • the above Vehicle data is transmitted to the DSRC communication module 20 via the DSRC transceiver 23 by means of a DSRC communication system (not shown) and is stored by the DSRC communication module processor 21 in the DSRC communication module data random access memory 27a.
  • the vehicle data can be entered via an input interface (keyboard, touch-sensitive display device) of the DSRC communication module 20 that is not shown.
  • a computer program product is also stored in the DSRC communication module data read/write memory 27a, which includes instructions for carrying out the method according to the invention and, when executed by the DSRC communication module processor 21, forms the DSRC communication module 20 according to the invention.
  • the alternative embodiment illustrated as a DRSC communication module 20 of the vehicle device 30 is used in the third exemplary embodiment and differs from that in FIG Fig. 1b shown DSRC communication module 20 in that it has no DSRC communication module GNSS position determination device 22; instead, the alternative embodiment receives the first position from the first DSRC roadside communicator 61a and the second position 61b - in the event that a second transaction occurs - from the second DSRC roadside communicator 61b by means of the DSRC transceiver 23.
  • the vehicle devices 30 of Figures 1a , 1b and 1c communicate in the first, second and third embodiment in accordance with a first signal flow diagram of FIG Figure 9a with the roadside facilities 60a and 60b.
  • the roadside devices 60a and 60b send out initialization signals in the form of request signals 91a / 91b every 10 milliseconds, one of which is then received by the DSRC communication module 20 of the vehicle device 30 when the vehicle 40 on the road 50 in the respective Communication area 62a or 62b enters.
  • the vehicle device 30 If the vehicle device 30 is designed to allow the transaction to be carried out, it sends a response signal in the form of an information signal 94a/ 94b, with which the roadside device 60a or 60b can receive the required information (control information in the case of a control transaction, identification information in the case of a toll transaction). provides. If the roadside device 60a or 60b has received this information, it sends an acknowledgment signal 97a/97b, the receipt of which the vehicle device 30 evaluates as proof that the transaction has been successfully carried out.
  • one or more further signals can be sent and received between the communication partners between the request signal 91a/ 91b and the information signal 94a/ 94b.
  • the BST (beacon service table) is sent in an initialization phase in accordance with a CARDME transaction of the DIN EN ISO 14906 standard as a request signal 91a/ 91b from the roadside device 60a and 60b
  • this is initially processed by the vehicle device in the initialization phase with its VST (vehicle service table) answered.
  • the roadside device 60a or 60b then sends its specific request for information in a request signal 93a/93b, which is answered by the vehicle device in the presentation phase by sending the information signal 94a/94b.
  • the vehicle device 30 of Figure 1a communicates in the fourth embodiment according to a second signal flow chart of Figure 9b with the roadside facilities 60a or 60b.
  • the DSRC communication module 20 sends out presence signals 92a/ 92b every 10 milliseconds, one of which is then received by the roadside device 60a or 60b if the Vehicle 40 on the road 50 enters the respective communication area 62a or 62b.
  • the on-road device 60a or 60b sends a response signal in the form of a request signal 93a/93b, with which it requests specific information from the vehicle device.
  • vehicle device 30 If vehicle device 30 is designed to allow the transaction to be carried out, it in turn sends a response signal in the form of an information signal 94a/ 94b, with which roadside device 60a or 60b can send the required information (control information in the case of a control transaction, identification information in the case of a toll transaction ) provides. If the roadside device 60a or 60b has received this information, it sends an acknowledgment signal 97a/97b, the receipt of which the vehicle device 30 evaluates as proof that the transaction has been successfully carried out.
  • vehicle device 30 When the vehicle device 30 is referred to in general below, this can mean both the first embodiment (vehicle device 10 coupled to a DSRC communication module 20) and the second embodiment (DSRC communication module 20), if reference is made to the vehicle device 10 or any of its components does not necessarily indicate that only the first embodiment is meant.
  • Figure 2a a first traffic situation flowing traffic at a first point in time, in which there is a first transaction through a communication between a vehicle-side DSRC communication module 20 of a vehicle device 30 according to the first or second embodiment of a vehicle 40 and a first road-side DSRC communication device 61a at a first roadside device 60a in the form of a road 50 transverse to the direction of travel spanning first bridge 60a in the area of a first DSRC communication zone 62a of the first roadside DSRC communication device 61a.
  • Figure 2b a second point in time of the first traffic situation, delayed in time by a time interval ⁇ t of 1 minute, for example, in which the vehicle 40 has moved out of the first DSRC communication zone 62a of the first roadside DSRC communication device 61a, in which it to a second transaction through a communication between the vehicle-side DSRC communication module 20 of the vehicle device 30 according to the first or second embodiment of the vehicle 40 and a second roadside DSRC communication device 61b at a second roadside device 60b in the form of a road 50 transverse to the direction of travel spanning second bridge 60b in the range of a second DSRC communication zone 62b of the second roadside DSRC communication device 61b, the second bridge 60b being spaced in the direction of travel from the first bridge 60a by a distance ⁇ L of 2 kilometers.
  • the first roadside facility 60a is in Figures 2a, 2b , Figures 3a and 3b located on / above a first stretch of road 50.
  • the second roadside facility 60b is in Figures 2a and 2b arranged on/above a second section of road 50, which directly adjoins the first section in the direction of travel of vehicle 40, with the interface between the first section and the second section being designed as a node (not shown), at which vehicle 40 passes the can leave road 50 without driving on the second section.
  • An exit from the road 50 constituting the node is spaced 1 kilometer from the first roadside facility 60a in the direction of travel.
  • the vehicle 40 can drive back onto the road 50 and travel the first section in the opposite direction, which means that it again enters a communication area of the oncoming lane (not shown) of the first roadside device 60a, or via a parallel path (not shown) to the side of the road 50 come to a ramp in the direction of travel of the first route section in order to get back into the first communication area 61a of the first roadside device 60a.
  • Figure 3a a second traffic situation congested traffic at a first point in time, in which there is a first transaction through a communication between a vehicle-side DSRC communication module 20 of a vehicle device 30 according to the first or second embodiment and a first road-side DSRC communication device 61a at a first road-side device 60a in the form of a first bridge 60a spanning road 50 transversely to the direction of travel in the area of a first DSRC communication zone 62a of the first roadside DSRC communication device 61a.
  • first, second and third embodiment shows Figure 3b traffic that is delayed by a time interval ⁇ t of 1 minute, for example, compared to the first time in which vehicle 40 has not moved out of the first DSRC communication zone 62a of the first roadside DSRC communication device 61a, second time of the second traffic situation, in which does not result in a second transaction through a communication between the vehicle-side DSRC communication module 20 of the vehicle device 30 according to the first or second embodiment of the vehicle 40 and the first roadside DSRC communication device 61a at the first roadside device 60a in the form of a road 50 across the Driving direction spanning second bridge 60b in the area of the first DSRC communication zone 62a of the first roadside DSRC communication device 61a comes.
  • the roadside DSRC communication devices 61a and 61b that repeatedly emit request signals at intervals of 10 milliseconds in order to communicate with a vehicle-side DSRC communication module 20 of a vehicle 40 that may be approaching.
  • the vehicle-side communication module 20 of the vehicle 40 which repeats presence signals 92a or 92b at intervals of 10 milliseconds according to FIG Figure 9b emits to communicate with a roadside DSRC communication device 61a or 61b whose DSRC communication zone 62a or 62b the vehicle 40 enters in its travel.
  • Figure 3a insofar as the traffic situation of the fourth embodiment reflects, would be Figures 2a and 2b to adapt to the representation of a traffic situation corresponding to the fourth exemplary embodiment in such a way that Figure 2a reflects no broadcast activity of the second DSRC roadside communicator 61b, and Figure 2b does not reflect any broadcast activity of the first DSRC roadside communicator 61a.
  • the Figure 3b would be to represent a traffic situation corresponding to the fourth exemplary embodiment, to be adapted in such a way that Figure 3b does not reflect any broadcast activity of the first DSRC roadside communicator 61a.
  • the vehicle-mounted DSRC communication module 20 of the vehicle 40 does not send an information signal to the road-side device 60a or 60b with which it would provide the road-side device 60a or 60b with identification information for toll collection or control information for control. Instead, the roadside device 60a or 60b sends its identification information as part of a roadside information signal 95a or 95b, which the DSRC communication module 30 processes for the toll payment.
  • Such a transaction can occur without a response signal from the DSRC communication module 20, so that the communication between the roadside device 60a or 60b and the vehicle device 30 can remain unidirectional.
  • no transmission activity of the DSRC communication module 20 would be noted.
  • the DSRC communication module 20 sends an acknowledgment signal 96a or 96 to the roadside device 60a or 60b in response to receiving and processing the information signal from the roadside device 60a or 60b, the Figures 2a, 2b and 3a in this case correctly reflects the situation of the transmission activity of the DSRC communication module 20.
  • the DSRC communication module 20 is used to send control information in an information signal 94a/ 94b to the roadside device on request by means of a request signal 91a/ 91b (e.g. BST, beacon service table) from a roadside device 60a/ 60b to transfer.
  • a request signal 91a/ 91b e.g. BST, beacon service table
  • the roadside devices 60a and 60b are control devices.
  • a control transaction carried out as part of the communication between the roadside device 60a/ 60b and the vehicle device 30 begins with the receipt of the request signal 91a/ 91b of the roadside device 60a/ 60b in the vehicle device 30 and includes the receipt of the control information of the vehicle device 30 in the roadside device 60a/ 60b as part of the information signal 94a/ 94b.
  • the roadside device 60a/ 60b sends an acknowledgment signal 97a/ 97b to the vehicle device 30 after it has received the control information.
  • the control transaction ends with the receipt of the acknowledgment signal 97a/ 97b from the roadside device 60a/ 60b in the vehicle device 30.
  • the duration of the control transaction is typically 100 milliseconds. Control transactions that are up to 90 milliseconds shorter or up to 100 milliseconds longer are also possible.
  • a processor (not shown) of roadside device 60a/60b can assess whether vehicle device 30 is operational.
  • the processor of the roadside device 60a/ 60b can use an identifier of the route section last collected by the vehicle device 30, which is optionally contained in the requested control information, to assess whether the vehicle device is functioning as intended.
  • the processor of roadside device 60a/ 60b can assess by comparing a parameter (e.g. the number of axles) of vehicle 40 determined by means of a contour detection device (not shown) of roadside device 60a/ 60b with vehicle data of vehicle 40 optionally contained in the requested control information whether the vehicle data used by the vehicle device 30 to calculate the amount of the toll fee is correct.
  • the vehicle device 10 detects in an active operating mode of the vehicle device 30, in which the vehicle device 30 is designed to contribute to the implementation of a control transaction as a result of the receipt of a request signal 91a/ 91b by the DSRC communication device 20, by means of its on-board device processor 11 from a first provisional position calculated and provided by the GNSS position determination device 12 based on data from the encoder 16b and the gyroscope 16a by dead reckoning, which is known per se, and stores this in the main memory 17b.
  • the vehicle device processor 11 detects the first provisional position calculated and provided by the GNSS position determination device 12 as the first position.
  • the vehicle device processor 11 checks whether the DSRC communication module 20 has received a first request signal 91a from a first roadside DSRC communication device 61a.
  • the vehicle device processor 11 receives the information that a first request signal 91a has been received from the DSRC communication module processor 21, which processes received request signals 91a/91b. As long as the vehicle device processor 11 does not receive any information about the receipt of a first request signal 91a from the DSRC communication module 20, it continuously detects a first position every second, with which it overwrites the first position in the main memory 17b received immediately beforehand.
  • the DSRC communication module 20 receives a first request signal 91a from the first roadside DSRC communication device 61a, it responds to the first request signal with a first response signal, for example the VST (vehicle service table) because the vehicle device 30 is in the active operating mode. .
  • the vehicle device 30 contributes to the first control transaction according to step 403 by sending the response signal.
  • a first information signal 94a which can be a first response signal, a second or further response signal
  • the DSRC communication module 20 transmits the control information(s) requested by the first roadside device 60a by the DSRC communication module processor 21 sending the requested control information(s) from the DSRC communication module data read/write memory 27a and/or DSRC communication module working memory 27b and transmits it to the DSRC transceiver 23 for sending (see Figure 2a , Figure 3a ).
  • the DSRC communication module processor 21 registers the successful execution of the first control transaction in step 404 and communicates this registration to the vehicle device processor 11 in the form of a registration message as Evidence that the vehicle device 30 received a first request signal 91a.
  • the vehicle device processor 11 detects further positions, but no further first position. The first position last received before the registration information was received thus remains stored at least temporarily in the working memory 17b of the vehicle
  • the first point in time is after or before the point in time at which the first request signal 91a was received.
  • Vehicle device 10 is thus configured to detect at least one position at a plurality of detection times, and to use one detected position from the plurality of detected positions as the first position, the first detection time of which corresponds to a first communication time of the transmission or reception of a first communication signal—in this case the prompt signal 91a - immediately precedes or follows the first control transaction in time.
  • the vehicle device 30, controlled by the vehicle device processor 11, automatically switches to a passive operating mode in which the vehicle device 30 is designed not to allow any second control transaction following the first control transaction (step 405).
  • the DSRC communication module 22 does not respond to a single request signal that is transmitted by a roadside DSRC communication device, in particular the first roadside DSRC communication device 61a, which means that there is no further control transaction in the passive operating mode. In other words: the vehicle device 30 ignores any received request signals or does not even receive them.
  • control geo-objects each characterized by at least one geographic position are stored in the data read/write memory 17a of the vehicle device, which correlate spatially with the locations of the roadside facilities 60a, 60b and which a limit distance is assigned in each case.
  • the limit distance for each first roadside facility 60a is dimensioned such that it is smaller than the greatest distance that the vehicle can travel by the shortest route from the first roadside facility 60a to the same first roadside facility 60a or the nearest second roadside facility 60b before entering in its communication zone 62b to the first roadside facility 60a.
  • the on-board device processor determines that first control geo-object that spatially correlates with the last recorded first position. To do this, it compares, for example, the first position with the geographic position of one or more control geo-objects and determined that control geo-object as correlating whose geographic position is no more than a predetermined radius of the control geo-object from the first position, wherein the radii of the control geo-objects are small enough that the control geo-objects do not overlap.
  • the vehicle device processor 11 stores the limit distance determined for the first position, which is 0.6 km, in the working memory 17a for the subsequent comparison process.
  • the vehicle device 30 does not need these control geo-objects and only has a generally valid fixed value for the limit distance of 0.6 km, which is stored in the data read/write memory 17a.
  • step 406 the vehicle device processor 11 detects a second position immediately after the last detected first position.
  • step 407 the vehicle device processor 11 compares this second position with the first position stored in the working memory 17b to determine whether the position difference between the second position and the first position is greater than the predetermined limit distance of 0.6 kilometers. As long as this is not the case, the processor repeats steps 406 of detecting a second position and 407 of comparing.
  • the vehicle device 10 is designed to detect as the second position one of those of a plurality of positions detected temporally subsequent to the detection of the first position, the position difference of which from the first position is greater than the predefined limit distance if the position difference is at least one of the plurality of detected positions to the first position is greater than the predefined limit distance, and to detect one of a plurality of positions detected temporally subsequent to the detection of the first position as the second position if the position difference between none of the multiple detected positions and the first position is greater than the predefined one limit distance.
  • a position recorded after the change to the active operating mode is then a new first position in the sense of step 401, which replaces the last recorded first position in the main memory 17b as the first position.
  • the vehicle device 30 carries out a second control transaction within the meaning of Figure 2b by allowing the on-vehicle DSRC communication module 20 to communicate with the second on-road DSRC communication device 60b.
  • the limit distance of 0.6 km is also smaller than the distance between the first roadside facility 60a and the aforementioned exit from the road 50 at 1 kilometer from the first roadside facility 60a.
  • This descent represents the furthest point on a direct, detour-free loop journey from a first passage of the first roadside facility 60a to a second passage of the first roadside facility 60a.
  • With the setting of a limit distance that is less than this distance of 1 kilometer, is allows the vehicle device to switch back to the active operating mode before it reaches the farthest point so that intended to allow a second transaction with the first on-road device 60a. If the predetermined limit distance were greater than this distance, the vehicle device would not switch back to the active operating mode on this loop trip, which would preclude a second intended transaction with the first roadside device 60a.
  • a status bit (flag) with the value 0 or 1 is stored in the DSRC communication module working memory 27a, which the DSRC communication module processor 21 consults when it receives a request signal from the DSRC transceiver 23 .
  • the flag is set to 0 so that the DSRC communication module processor 21 responds to the prompt signal to cause a first transaction to be performed.
  • the flag is set to 1 so that the DSRC communications module processor 21 does not respond to the prompt signal to avoid performing a second transaction.
  • the vehicle device processor 11 instructs the DSRC communication module processor 21 to set the status bit to 1.
  • the vehicle device processor 11 instructs the DSRC communication module processor 21 to set the status bit to 0.
  • the DSRC communication module processor 21 can automatically switch from the active operating mode to the passive operating mode based on the receipt of the acknowledgment signal 97a.
  • the DSRC transmitting and receiving means 23b is supplied with electrical operating current in the active operating mode, so that it can provide data of received request signals to the DSRC communication module processor 21 and can send response signals.
  • the DSRC transmitting and receiving means 23b is not supplied with electrical operating current, so that it cannot process received signals into data that it could provide to the DSRC communication module processor 21 . Nor can it send response signals without electrical operating current.
  • the transmitting means of an IR LED of an IR-DSRC communication module 20 cannot generate a light signal without operating current.
  • the vehicle device processor 11 instructs the DSRC communication module processor 21 to stop the operating power supply to the DSRC transmitting and receiving means 23b.
  • the vehicle device processor 11 instructs the DSRC communication module processor 21 to establish the operating power supply to the DSRC transmitting and receiving means 23b.
  • the DSRC communication module processor 21 can automatically switch from the active operating mode to the passive operating mode based on the receipt of the acknowledgment signal.
  • the operating power supply can be interrupted and restored by the electrically controlled actuation of a switch in the operating power supply of the DSRC transmitting and receiving means 23b.
  • the DSRC transmitting and receiving means 23b is not short-circuited in the active operating mode, so that it can receive request signals and send response signals.
  • the DSRC transmitting and receiving means 23b is short-circuited so that there are no request signals can receive and/or cannot send response signals.
  • the receiving means of an IR photodiode of an IR-DSRC communication module 20 cannot provide a receive signal in the event of a short circuit of the IR photodiode.
  • a shorted transmit antenna of a microwave DSRC communication module 20 cannot transmit a response signal.
  • the vehicle device processor 11 instructs the DSRC communication module processor 21 to short-circuit the DSRC transmission means or the DSRC reception means of the DSRC transmission and reception means 23b.
  • the vehicle device processor 11 instructs the DSRC communication module processor 21 to cancel the short circuit of the DSRC transmission means or the DSRC reception means of the DSRC transmission and reception means 23b.
  • the DSRC communication module processor 21 can automatically switch from the active operating mode to the passive operating mode based on the receipt of the acknowledgment signal.
  • the short circuit can be set up and canceled again by the electrically controlled actuation of a switch at the connections of the DSRC transmission means or the DSRC reception means.
  • the DSRC communication module 20 is used, on request by means of a request signal 91a/ 91b (e.g. BST, beacon service table) from a roadside device 60a/ 60b, to send the roadside device a data Read-write memory 27a to transmit identification information stored in the form of an identifier of the DSRC communication module 20 and / or a license plate number of the vehicle 40 as part of an information signal 94a / 94b for the purpose of assigning a toll fee for the journey on the respective route section is collected, on which the vehicle 40 passes the respective roadside facility 60a/ 60b assigned to the respective route section.
  • a request signal 91a/ 91b e.g. BST, beacon service table
  • the respective roadside device 60a/ 60b forwards the received identification information together with its own identifier of the roadside device 60a or 60b - for example an identifier of the route section on which it is located - to a central-side device, not shown, which pays the toll depending on calculated from the route section and possibly as a function of toll-relevant vehicle data (number of axles, emission class, permissible total weight, etc.), which was transmitted in addition to the identification information from the DSRC communication module 20 as part of the information signal 94a/ 94b to the respective roadside device 60a or 60b , and a natural or legal person or at least one means of payment (credit card, bank details) that is linked to the identification information.
  • toll-relevant vehicle data number of axles, emission class, permissible total weight, etc.
  • the roadside devices 60a and 60b are collection devices which, in communication with the DSRC communication module 20, carry out a toll transaction useful for toll collection.
  • a toll transaction carried out as part of the communication between the roadside device 60a or 60b and the DSRC communication module 20 begins with the receipt of the request signal 91a/ 91b of the roadside device 60a/ 60b in the DSRC communication module 20 and includes the receipt of an information signal with the identification information of the DSRC communication module 20 in the roadside facility 60a/60b.
  • the roadside device 60a/ 60b In order for the DSRC communication module 20 to register the successful completion of the toll transaction, the roadside device 60a/ 60b sends an acknowledgment signal 97a/ 97b to the DSRC communication module 20 after receiving the identification information.
  • the toll transaction ends with the receipt of the acknowledgment signal 97a/ 97b from the roadside device 60a/ 60b in the DSRC communication module 20.
  • the duration of the toll transaction is typically 100 milliseconds. Toll transactions that are up to 90 milliseconds shorter or up to 100 milliseconds longer are also possible.
  • the DSRC communication module uses its DSRC communication module processor 21 to detect a first position calculated and provided by the DSRC communication module GNSS position determination device 22 and stores this under a first memory address in the DSRC communication module main memory 27b. Then, in step 502, the DSRC communication module processor 21 checks whether the DSRC transceiver 23 has received a first request signal 91a from a first roadside communication device 61a. As long as the DSRC communication module processor 21 does not receive any information about the receipt of a first request signal 91a from the DSRC transceiver 23, it continuously detects a first position every second, with which it can calculate the first position in the DSRC communication module received immediately beforehand. Working memory 27b overwrites at the first memory address.
  • the DSRC communication module 20 uses its DSRC transmitting and receiving means 23b to receive a first request signal 91a, for example a BST (beacon service table) from the first roadside DSRC communication device 61a on a first route section, the DSRC communication module 20 responds to the request signal , controlled by its DSRC communication module processor 21, with a first response signal, for example the VST (vehicle service table) that it sends by means of the DSRC transceiver 23. By sending the response signal, the DSRC communication module 20 contributes to the first toll transaction according to a first sub-step of step 503 .
  • a first request signal 91a for example a BST (beacon service table) from the first roadside DSRC communication device 61a on a first route section
  • the DSRC communication module 20 responds to the request signal , controlled by its DSRC communication module processor 21, with a first response signal, for example the VST (vehicle service table) that it sends by
  • the DSRC communication module 20 transmits the identification information requested by the first roadside device 60a by the DSRC communication module processor 21 receiving the requested identification information from the DSRC Reads communication module data read/write memory 27a and transmits it to the DSRC transceiver 23 for sending (see Figure 2a , Figure 3a ).
  • the first roadside device After receiving the information signal, the first roadside device sends a first acknowledgment signal 97a about the successful completion of the first transaction, which also contains the limit distance (0.6 kilometers) to be used with regard to this first transaction.
  • the DSRC communication module processor 21 registers the successful execution of the first toll transaction in a second sub-step in step 503, and in response thereto copies the last recorded first position, the the first memory address is stored in the DSRC communication module working memory 27b to a second memory address in the DSRC communication module working memory 27b.
  • the DSRC communication module processor 21 detects a second position from the DSRC communication module position determination device 22, which it stores instead of the last stored first position at the first memory address in the DSRC communication module main memory 27a (step 505).
  • the DSRC communication module 20 is thus designed to detect at least one position at a plurality of detection times, and to use one detected position from the plurality of detected positions as the first position, the first detection time of which corresponds to a first communication time of the transmission or reception of a first communication signal - in In this case, the request signal 91a - immediately precedes or follows the first toll transaction.
  • the DSRC communication module processor 21 is designed to repeatedly detect second positions and to store these in place of the previously detected second position under the first memory address until the position difference between the last stored second position and the stored first position is greater than one predetermined limit distance (step 507, discussed in more detail below), or in step 505, the DSRC communication module 20 receives a second prompt signal from the first or the second DSRC roadside communication device 61a or 61b.
  • a position recorded subsequently for rewriting the first position to the second memory address then becomes a—possibly temporary—second position if it is stored under the first memory address. According to the invention, it is then used as the second position if it is included in the decision as to whether a second transaction is to be permitted or not by forming the difference with the first position.
  • the DSRC communication module processor Since the second position and the first position are both stored in the DSRC communication module working memory 27b, it is possible for the DSRC communication module processor to access these positions in a very short time and calculate their distance as the difference between their positions in step 506 calculate, and in step 505 a second request signal 91b from the DSRC communication module 20 is received.
  • the DSRC communication module 20 is thus configured to detect at least one position at a plurality of detection times following the detection of the first position and to use one detected position as the second position from the plurality of positions detected after the first detection time. whose detection time immediately precedes a second communication time of receipt of a second communication signal--in this case the second request signal 91b--by the vehicle device or whose position difference from the first position exceeds the predefined limit distance.
  • the vehicle 40 is in the area of the second DSRC communication zone 62b of the second roadside device 60b , which is located 2 km in the direction of travel by road from the first roadside facility 60a on a second route immediately following the first route ( Figure 2b ), and the DSRC communication module 20 is controlled by the DSRC communication module processor 21, contributing to second toll transaction, which is requested by the second roadside device 60b with the second request signal 91b by the DSRC communication module processor 21 sending the DSRC transceiver 23 the identification data for sending as part of a second information signal 94b to the second roadside DSRC communication device 61b of the second on-road facility 60b (first sub-step of step 508).
  • the DSRC communication module 20 registers the execution of the second toll transaction (
  • the vehicle 40 is, for example, still in the area of the first DSRC communication zone 62a of the first roadside device 60a, with which it should not carry out a second toll transaction ( Figure 3b ).
  • the DSRC communication module processor 21 refuses to control the DSRC transceiver 23.
  • the DSRC communication module 20 does not send a response signal to the first roadside device 60a, thus avoiding a second toll transaction for the same link. In this case, the DSRC communication module 20 continues to acquire second positions.
  • Step 507 to have an additional method step carried out by the DSRC communication module processor 21 in which, analogously to step 506, the distance between the first and second position is compared with the limit distance.
  • this case measure can take place depending on the presence of a specific number of second positions whose distance from the first position is greater than the predetermined limit distance. For example, the case measure can only take place when four of five second positions provided immediately one after the other meet the criterion of exceeding the limit distance.
  • the DSRC communication module 20 is designed to detect as the second position one of those positions from a plurality of positions detected subsequent to the detection of the first position whose position difference from the first position is greater than the specified limit distance if the position difference is at least one of the multiple detected positions to the first position is greater than the predefined limit distance, and to detect one of multiple positions detected subsequent to the detection of the first position as the second position if the position difference between none of the multiple detected positions and the first position is greater is than the default limit distance.
  • Candidates for such predetermined first positions are a position in the middle of a larger lake (e.g. Müritz), in inaccessible high mountains (e.g. Glasspitze) or the position (0.90) at the North Pole.
  • this new first position represents the fact that the a re-toll transaction is allowed with the first roadside facility 60a.
  • the DSRC communication module continues to acquire positions provided by the DSRC communication module GNSS position determination device 22 as second positions, which it stores at the first memory address with each acquisition.
  • the first position at the second memory address is replaced once by the last detected second position, which then counts as the new first position, and the predetermined limit distance is reduced to a new predetermined limit distance of 0.0 km.
  • positions provided by the DSRC communication module GNSS position determination device 22 are stored as second positions without further comparison with the new first position stored at the second memory address at the first memory address until the DSRC communication module 20 receives a second request signal 97b. Only when the DSRC communication module 20 has received a second request signal 97b does the DSRC communication module processor 21 again determine the position difference between the second position last stored under the first memory address and the position last stored under the second memory address as the first position and its position comparison with the new predetermined limit distance. Due to the specification of the new predetermined limit distance of zero, this must always lead to the result that a second transaction is permitted.
  • a flag at a memory address is set equal to 1 when the first transaction is registered in step 503, which causes the DSRC communication module processor 21 to use second positions provided by the DSRC communication module GNSS position determination device 22 for the comparison of subject to step 506 or step 507.
  • the marker becomes the same 0 is set, which causes the DSRC communication module processor 21 not to subject any second positions provided by the DSRC communication module GNSS position determination device 22 to a comparison with the first position stored at the second memory address and upon receipt of a second request signal 91b in step 510 to automatically send a second response signal, for example in the form of a second information signal 94b, as a result of which the DSRC communication module 20 contributes to carrying out a second transaction.
  • the net effect is that the DSRC communication module 20 will refuse to contribute to a second transaction if the flag is set to 1, and allow the DSRC communication module 20 to contribute to a second transaction if the flag is set to 0 .
  • the DSRC communication module processor 21 only overwrites the second position stored in the first memory address with a position detected subsequent to the second position already stored to form a new second position if the detected position corresponds to the first Position has a greater difference than the stored second position.
  • the second piece of location information is that of the plurality of pieces of location information recorded below the first piece of location information, whose difference in location information from the first piece of location information of the plurality of pieces of location information recorded has the greatest difference in location information from the first piece of location information. This will in case avoids a situation in which a detected position is stored as a second position or used to decide whether the second Transaction is to be allowed or not, the difference to the first position is smaller than the predetermined limit distance.
  • the DSRC communication module 20 is designed to refuse a contribution to a second toll transaction during a specified period of, for example, 30 seconds after the registration of the first toll transaction, regardless of the second positions received, because the vehicle in the period of 30 Seconds after registering the first toll transaction, it is impossible to get into the second DSRC communication zone 62b without complying with a speed limit that applies in the first and/or second route section. A vehicle 40 not complying with the speed limit would thus become a toll dodger vehicle.
  • vehicle devices 30 of the other exemplary embodiments can also be developed in the same way.
  • the third exemplary embodiment differs from that in Fig. 1b illustrated embodiment of the second embodiment in that the DSRC communication module 20 of the third embodiment does not include a DSRC communication module GNSS position determination device 22 .
  • the third exemplary embodiment differs from the second exemplary embodiment essentially in that the DSRC communication module 20 of 1c receives the required position information through the roadside DSRC communication device 61a and/or 61b as part of a message (e.g. the BST) contained in the request signal.
  • the DSRC communication module 20 receives from the first roadside DSRC communication device 61a according to step 601 of FIG 6 a first prompt signal 91a including a first position, in terms of geographic coordinates, of the first roadside facility 60a.
  • the DSRC communication module processor 21 stores this first position in the DSRC communication module main memory 27b.
  • the DSRC communication module 20 makes its contribution to the first toll transaction by sending its identification information to the first roadside device 60a with the first information signal 94a (step 602) and, as a result of receiving a first acknowledgment signal 97a from the first roadside DSRC communication device 61a, registers the Carrying out the first toll transaction according to step 603.
  • the DSRC communication module 20 then receives a second request signal 91b with a second position, the distance from the first position of which the DSRC communication module 20 checks in step 605 .
  • the second prompt signal 91b may be another prompt signal 91b according to the first roadside device 60a Figure 3b be.
  • the second position corresponds to the first position and the position difference is equal to zero, which is below the limit difference of 250 meters generally specified in this embodiment.
  • Such a another request signal 91b of the first roadside device 60a is not answered by the DSRC communication module processor 21 . Instead, the DSRC communication module 20 expects to receive another request signal.
  • the second request signal 91b originates from the second on-road device 60b according to FIG Figure 2b , which is arranged on a second route section of the road 50 immediately following the first route section, the position difference between the second position of the second roadside facility 60b and the first position of the first roadside facility 60a, at 2 kilometers, is greater than the limit difference of 250 meters, and the DSRC communication module processor 21 instructs the DSRC transceiver 23 to send the identification information to the second roadside device 60b with a second information signal 94b, whereby the DSRC communication module 20 contributes to the second toll transaction according to step 606. Finally, the DSRC communication module 20 registers the execution of the second toll transaction as a result of receiving the second acknowledgment signal 97b from the second roadside device 60b in step 607.
  • the second request signal 91b originates from the first roadside device 60a after the vehicle 40 has left the road 50 after the first route section on which the first roadside device is arranged, at a junction to the second route section 1 km after the first roadside device 60a, without driving on the second road section and entering the second communication zone 62b of the second roadside device 60b, in order to avoid a refusal of the contribution of the DSRC communication module to the implementation of an authorized second toll transaction with the first roadside device 60a, it is proposed to carry out another at the node To arrange roadside device, not shown, from which the DSRC communication module receives another first position, which replaces the stored first position of the first roadside device as part of a further transaction and is considered a new first position .
  • the fourth exemplary embodiment differs from the first exemplary embodiment essentially in two features: On the one hand, the vehicle device 30 waits Fig. 1a does not passively respond to the receipt of a request signal from a roadside device 60a or 60b, but actively transmits presence signals at 10-millisecond intervals.
  • the location information used by the vehicle device is not absolute location information in the form of the position of the GNSS position determination device (which is still used to detect the obligation to pay a toll), but rather relative location information in the form of an odometer reading that is transmitted by distance sensor 16b or from signals from the Path sensor 16b is determined by the vehicle device processor 11.
  • the DSRC communication module 20 sends out a first presence signal 92a according to step 701 . If it is not answered according to step 702, it sends out a first presence signal 92a again. If the DSRC communication module 20 receives a first response signal in the form of a first request signal 93a from a first roadside facility 60a according to FIG Figure 2a , it sends the required control information to the latter as part of a first information signal 94a, then, as a result of receiving a first acknowledgment signal 97a from the first roadside device 60a, registers the successful execution of the first control transaction (step 703) and consequently transmits first presence signals 91a a. The DSRC communication module processor 21 of the DSRC communication module 20 sends a message to the vehicle device processor 11 of the vehicle device 10 about the event that the first control transaction was successfully carried out.
  • vehicle device processor 11 In response to the receipt of this transaction message, vehicle device processor 11 records a first odometer reading at a first point in time, which it stores in working memory 17b (step 704). Then, in step 705, the vehicle device processor detects a second odometer reading at a second point in time and compares this second odometer reading with the first odometer reading by forming the difference. If the odometer reading difference is less than a limit difference of 0.6 kilometers (step 706), the vehicle device processor acquires a new second odometer reading at a later point in time.
  • steps 705 and 706 is repeated every second until vehicle device processor 11 determines that the meter reading difference has exceeded the limit difference of 0.6 kilometers. If this is the case, the vehicle device processor 11 sends an activation message to the DSRC communication module processor 21, with which the DSRC communication module 20 is requested to resume sending request signals.
  • the DSRC communication module 20 does not send any request signals, so that no second control transaction can occur in the area of the first DSRC communication zone 62a of the first roadside device 60a.
  • the DSRC communication module 20 receives a second request signal 93b from the second roadside device 60b in step 708 in response to the second request signal 92b sent in step 707, it contributes to the transaction by sending the second information signal 94b with the required control information and registers it then, as a result of receiving a second acknowledgment signal 97b from the second on-road device 60b, the successful execution of the second control transaction in step 709.
  • the fifth exemplary embodiment differs from the second exemplary embodiment essentially in two features:
  • the DSRC communication module 20 does not necessarily respond to an initialization signal in the form of an information signal 95a or 95b, which is sent by the roadside devices 60a and 60b to the DSRC communication module 20 according to 9c is sent; as such, communication between the roadside devices 60a and 60b and the DSRC communication module 20 may remain unidirectional.
  • the initialization signal embodied as information signal 95a or 95b
  • roadside devices 60a and 60b each transmit a route section identification assigned to them, which is processed by DSRC communication module 20 into a toll fee, which DSRC communication module 20 collects from a (non- in Fig. 1b illustrated) credit card debited and / or by means of the DSRC communication module 20 . included (not in Fig. 1b shown) Mobile radio communication device sent to a not shown control center of a toll system.
  • the toll transactions are not carried out by the roadside devices 60a and 60b, but by the DSRC communication module 20 - after it has been requested to do so by the roadside devices 60a and 60b with the initialization signals (information signals) 95a and 95b .
  • steps 503 and 509 according to figure 5 Contrary to the DSRC communication module 20 of the second embodiment, the contribution to be made by the DSRC communication module 20 is not to send a response signal with identification information about the vehicle to the roadside devices 60a and 60b but that from the roadside devices 60a and 60b to process sent identification information about the respective route section.
  • Such processing is accordingly denied by the DSRC communication module 20 in step 508 in this fifth exemplary embodiment.
  • the DSRC communication module 20 sends an acknowledgment signal 96a or 96b to the roadside device 60a or 60b according to FIG 9c , when it has carried out the toll transaction. Such an acknowledgment signal 96a or 96b is not sent if the toll transaction is refused.
  • the sixth exemplary embodiment differs from the second exemplary embodiment in that the roadside device 60a or 60b decides whether to carry out the toll transaction and not the DSRC communication module 20.
  • each roadside device 60a and 60b has first location information that corresponds to the geographic coordinates of its corresponding to the respective location.
  • the second location information is determined by the DSRC communication module 20 using its DSRC communication module GNSS position determination device 22.
  • the data exchange between the DSRC communication module 20 and the roadside device 60a or 60b takes place according to the signal flow diagram in FIG Figure 9a .
  • the DSRC communication module 20 receives a first request signal 91a from the first roadside device 60a, which it responds to by transmitting its identification information in the first information signal 94a.
  • the first roadside facility 60a performs a first toll transaction according to step 801 of with the identification information 8 through and sends a first Acknowledgment signal 97a to the DSRC communication module 20, the receipt of which causes the DSRC communication module 20 to detect a position provided by its DSRC communication module GNSS position determination device 22 as the first position and in the DSRC communication module data read-write memory 27a (step 802).
  • the first roadside device 60a transmits its position as part of the first acknowledgment signal 97a, and the DSRC communication module 20 stores the received position as the first position in the DSRC communication module data random access memory 27a.
  • the DSRC communication module 20 detects positions provided by the DSRC communication module GNSS position determination device 22 as second positions (step 803), whereby - if no second request signal was received - after each detection of a second position from the DSRC communication module processor 21 a comparison of the sensed second position with the stored first position is performed to determine whether the position difference between the sensed second position and the sensed first position is greater than a limit difference of 0.6 km (step 805). If the position difference is smaller, a new second position is recorded. Otherwise, the last detected second position is stored in the DSRC communication module data read/write memory 27a without being overwritten by further positions provided by the DSRC communication module GNSS position determining device 22 .
  • the DSRC communication module 20 receives a second request signal 91b (step 804) from the first roadside device 60a or a second roadside device 60b, it responds by sending a second information signal 94b, which, in addition to the identification information for a possible toll transaction, contains the stored second position (step 806).
  • the roadside device 60a or 60b now compares the second position received from the DSRC communication module 20 with a first position that it has in the form of its own location position.
  • the second position differs by up to a few 10 meters at most from the first position and no second transaction is performed by the first on-road facility 60a. (Step 808) and no second acknowledgment signal 97b sent to the DSRC communication module 20. In this case, the DSRC communication module 20 proceeds to step 805 .
  • the second position differs by more than 0.6 km from the first position, and the first roadside device 60a performs a second toll transaction for repeated use of the first section.
  • the (roadside) limit difference which is in the roadside comparison of step 807 is used, for example 0.1 km smaller than the (vehicle) limit difference, which is used in the vehicle-side comparison of step 805.
  • the second roadside device 60b determines the position difference of the second position to the first position available to it a distance of 1.4 km from its location, which is significantly larger than the limit of 0.6 km available to it as a threshold for making a second transaction.
  • the second roadside facility performs a second toll transaction for use of the second stretch of road 50 on which it is located.

Claims (13)

  1. Dispositif de véhicule (30) pour la réalisation d'au moins une transaction au moyen ou à la suite d'une communication avec un dispositif routier (60a, 60b), dans lequel
    le dispositif de véhicule (30) est conçu pour
    - détecter une première information de localisation,
    - autoriser la réalisation d'une première transaction au moyen ou à la suite d'une communication avec un premier dispositif routier (60a) et
    - détecter au moins une seconde information de localisation,
    le dispositif de véhicule (30) étant conçu pour
    - permettre la réalisation d'une seconde transaction suivant temporellement la première transaction si la différence d'information de localisation entre la première information de localisation et la seconde information de localisation dépasse un montant différentiel prédéfini,
    - permettre la réalisation d'une seconde transaction suivant temporellement la première transaction si la différence d'information de localisation entre la première information de localisation et la seconde information de localisation ne dépasse pas un montant différentiel prédéfini,
    - dans le cadre de la réalisation de la communication servant à la première transaction avec le dispositif routier (60a), recevoir au moins un premier signal de communication (91a, 93a, 95a) de la part du premier dispositif routier (60a),
    - à plusieurs moments de détection suivant un premier moment de détection de la première information de localisation, détecter respectivement au moins une information de localisation,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de véhicule est conçu pour,
    - parmi les plusieurs informations de localisation détectées après le premier moment de détection, utiliser une information de localisation détectée comme seconde information de localisation dont le moment de détection précède ou suit immédiatement dans le temps un second moment de communication de la réception d'un second signal de communication (91b, 93b, 95b) par le dispositif de véhicule.
  2. Dispositif de véhicule (30) selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de véhicule (30) est conçu pour
    - autoriser la réalisation de la première transaction en contribuant, au moyen ou la suite d'une première communication avec un premier dispositif routier (60a), à la réalisation de la première transaction,
    - autoriser la réalisation de la seconde transaction suivant temporellement la première transaction en contribuant, au moyen ou à la suite d'une communication avec le premier dispositif routier (60a) ou un second dispositif routier (60b), à la réalisation de la seconde transaction et
    - ne pas autoriser la réalisation de la seconde transaction suivant temporellement la première transaction en en contribuant à éviter la seconde transaction, que ce soit au moyen ou à la suite d'une communication avec le premier dispositif routier (60a) ou d'un second dispositif routier (60b) pour la réalisation de la seconde transaction.
  3. Dispositif de véhicule (30) selon la revendication 1 ou 2 caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de véhicule (30) comprend un dispositif de communication de véhicule DSRC, à communication à courte plage dédiée (20), pour la réalisation de transactions dans des communications DSRC avec des véhicules routiers (60a/ 60b) ou est conçu en tant que tel,
    le dispositif de communication de véhicule DSRC (20) étant conçu pour
    - recevoir au moins un premier signal de communication routier (91a, 93a, 95a) de la part des premiers dispositifs routiers (60a) et/ou
    - envoyer au moins un premier signal de communication de véhicule (92a, 94a),
    et,
    dans le cas de l'autorisation de la seconde transaction par le dispositif de véhicule (30),
    - envoyer au moins un second signal de communication de véhicule (92b, 94b),
    et,
    dans le cas de la non-autorisation de la seconde transaction par le dispositif de véhicule (30)
    - renoncer au traitement d'un second signal de communication routier (91b, 93b, 95b) envoyé par le premier dispositif routier (60) ou un second dispositif routier (60b) et reçu par le dispositif de communication de véhicule DSRC (20) et/ou
    - ne pas envoyer de second signal de communication de véhicule (92a, 94a).
  4. Dispositif de véhicule (30) selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de véhicule (30) comprend un dispositif de détermination de position (12, 22) et
    la première et la seconde information de localisation sont des informations de localisation absolues sous forme de premières et secondes positions,
    le dispositif de véhicule (30) étant conçu pour
    - recevoir la première position et la seconde position de la part du dispositif de détermination de position (12, 22) ou les déterminer au moyen du dispositif de détermination de position (12, 22),
    - autoriser la réalisation de la seconde transaction si la distance entre la seconde position et la première position dépasse une première distance limite prédéfinie, et
    - ne pas autoriser la réalisation de la seconde transaction si la distance entre la seconde position et la première position ne dépasse pas une première distance limite prédéfinie.
  5. Dispositif de véhicule (30) selon une des revendications 1 bis 3, caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de véhicule (30) comprend un dispositif de mesure de longueur de trajet (16a) et
    la première et la seconde information de localisation sont des informations de localisation sous forme de premières et secondes longueurs de trajet, le dispositif de véhicule (30) étant conçu pour
    - recevoir la première longueur de trajet et la seconde longueur de trajet de la part du dispositif de mesure de longueur de trajet (16a) ou la mesurer au moyen du dispositif de mesure de longueur de trajet (16a),
    - autoriser la réalisation de la seconde transaction si la différence entre la seconde longueur de trajet et la première longueur de trajet dépasse une première valeur limite prédéfinie, et
    - ne pas autoriser la réalisation de la seconde transaction si la différence entre la seconde longueur de trajet et la première longueur de trajet ne dépasse pas la première valeur limite prédéfinie.
  6. Dispositif de véhicule (30) selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de véhicule (30) est conçu pour
    - détecter la seconde information de localisation à au moins un moment suivant temporellement un premier moment de communication de réception du premier signal de communication (91a, 93a, 95a).
  7. Dispositif de véhicule (30) selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de véhicule (30) est conçu pour,
    - à plusieurs moments de détection, détecter respectivement au moins une information de localisation et, parmi les plusieurs informations de localisation détectées, utiliser une information de localisation détectée comme première information de localisation dont le premier moment de détection excède ou suit directement dans le temps un premier moment de communication de réception du premier signal de communication (91a, 93a, 95a).
  8. Dispositif de véhicule (30) selon une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de véhicule (30) est conçu pour
    - autoriser la réalisation de la première transaction dans un mode de fonctionnement actif du dispositif de véhicule (30) dans lequel le dispositif de véhicule est conçu pour autoriser au moins une transaction,
    - à la suite de la réalisation de la première transaction, passer du mode de fonctionnement actif à un mode de fonctionnement passif du dispositif de véhicule (30) dans lequel le dispositif de véhicule est conçu pour ne pas autoriser de transaction,
    - à la suite de la constatation que la différence entre la seconde information de localisation et la première information de localisation dépasse une valeur limite prédéfinie, repasser du mode de fonctionnement passif au mode de fonctionnement actif et, dans celui-ci, autoriser la réalisation de la seconde transaction et,
    - en l'absence d'une constatation que la différence entre la seconde information de localisation et la première information de localisation dépasse une valeur limite prédéfinie, rester en mode de fonctionnement passif et, dans celui-ci, ne pas permettre la réalisation de la seconde transaction.
  9. Système de réalisation d'au moins une transaction au moyen ou à la suite d'une communication d'un dispositif de véhicule (30) avec un dispositif routier (60a, 60b), comprenant
    - au moins un dispositif de véhicule (30) et
    - au moins un premier dispositif routier (60a),
    le système étant conçu pour,
    - au moyen ou à la suite d'une première communication entre le premier dispositif de véhicule (30) et le premier dispositif routier (60a), autoriser la réalisation d'une première transaction,
    - mettre à disposition ou générer une première information de localisation et
    - mettre à disposition ou générer une seconde information de localisation
    et
    le dispositif de véhicule étant conçu pour
    - détecter la première information de localisation et/ou la seconde information de localisation,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le système est conçu pour,
    - autoriser la réalisation de la seconde transaction suivant temporellement la première transaction si la différence d'information de localisation entre une première information de localisation et la seconde information de localisation dépasse un montant différentiel prédéfini et
    - ne pas autoriser la réalisation de la seconde transaction suivant temporellement la première transaction si la différence d'information de localisation entre une première information de localisation et la seconde information de localisation ne dépasse pas un montant différentiel prédéfini,
    le dispositif de véhicule (30) étant conçu pour,
    - dans le cadre de la communication servant à la réalisation de la première transaction avec le premier dispositif routier (60a), recevoir au moins premier signal de communication (91a, 93a, 95a) de la part du premier dispositif routier (60a),
    - à plusieurs moments de détection suivant un premier moment de détection de la première information de localisation, détecter respectivement au moins une information de localisation,,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de véhicule est conçu pour,
    - parmi les plusieurs informations de localisation détectées après le premier moment de détection, utiliser comme seconde information de localisation une information de localisation détectée dont le moment de détection précède ou suit directement dans le temps un second moment de communication de réception d'un second signal de communication (91b, 93b, 95b) par le dispositif de véhicule.
  10. Système selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de véhicule (30) est conçu pour
    - détecter la première information de localisation à un premier moment,
    - détecter la seconde information de localisation à au moins un moment de détection suivant temporellement le premier moment de détection,
    - autoriser la réalisation de la seconde transaction suivant temporellement la première transaction si la différence d'information de localisation entre une première information de localisation et la seconde information de localisation dépasse un montant différentiel prédéfini et
    - ne pas autoriser la réalisation de la seconde transaction suivant temporellement la première transaction si la différence d'information de localisation entre une première information de localisation et la seconde information de localisation ne dépasse pas un montant différentiel prédéfini.
  11. Système selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que
    la première information de localisation est sauvegardée du moins temporairement dans le premier dispositif routier (60a) ou un second dispositif routier (60b) du système,
    le dispositif de véhicule (30) est conçu pour détecter la seconde information de localisation et l'envoyer au premier dispositif routier (60a) ou au second dispositif routier (60b), et
    le premier dispositif routier (60a) ou le second dispositif routier (60b) est conçu pour
    - recevoir la seconde information de localisation de la part du dispositif de véhicule (30),
    - autoriser la réalisation de la seconde transaction suivant temporellement la première transaction si la différence d'information de localisation entre une première information de localisation et la seconde information de localisation dépasse un montant différentiel prédéfini et
    - ne pas autoriser la réalisation de la seconde transaction suivant temporellement la première transaction si la différence d'information de localisation entre une première information de localisation et la seconde information de localisation ne dépasse pas un montant différentiel prédéfini.
  12. Procédé de réalisation d'au moins une transaction au moyen ou à la suite d'une communication d'un dispositif de véhicule (30) avec un dispositif routier (60a, 60b),
    comportant les étapes suivantes :
    a) détection d'une première information de localisation du dispositif de véhicule (30) par le dispositif de véhicule (30);
    b) réalisation d'une première transaction au moyen ou la suite d'une première communication entre le dispositif de véhicule (30) et un premier dispositif routier (60a);
    c) détection d'une seconde information de localisation du dispositif de véhicule (30) par le dispositif de véhicule (30);
    avec les étapes mutuellement alternatives suivantes après la réalisation de la première transaction :
    d) réalisation d'une seconde transaction si la différence d'information de localisation entre la première information de localisation et la seconde information de localisation dépasse un montant différentiel prédéfini,
    ou
    e) évitement d'une seconde transaction si la différence d'information de localisation entre la première information de localisation et la seconde information de localisation ne dépasse pas un montant différentiel prédéfini
    dans lequel,
    à plusieurs moments de détection suivant un moment de détection de la première information de localisation, respectivement au moins une information de localisation est détectée par le dispositif de véhicule et, dans le cadre de la communication servant à la réalisation de la première transaction avec le premier dispositif routier (60a), au moins un premier signal de communication (91a, 93a, 95a) est reçu par le dispositif de véhicule (30) de la part du premier positif routier (60a),
    caractérisé en ce que,
    parmi les plusieurs informations de localisation 32 après le premier moment de détection, une information de localisation détectée est utilisée par le dispositif de véhicule comme seconde information de localisation dont le moment de détection précède ou suit directement dans le temps un second moment de communication de réception d'un second signal de communication (91b, 93b, 95b) par le dispositif de véhicule.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 12 caractérisé en ce que
    la réalisation de la seconde transaction se fait au moyen ou à la suite d'une communication du dispositif de véhicule avec le premier dispositif routier (60a) ou d'un second dispositif routier (60b) et
    l'évitement de la seconde transaction se fait en l'absence ou malgré une communication du dispositif de véhicule avec le premier dispositif routier (60a) ou un second dispositif routier (60b).
EP16000485.9A 2016-02-25 2016-02-25 Dispositif de véhicule, système, dispositif coté route et procédé d'exécution d'au moins une transaction Active EP3211605B1 (fr)

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