EP2690374B1 - Structure résistive pour le chauffage uniforme de fluides - Google Patents

Structure résistive pour le chauffage uniforme de fluides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2690374B1
EP2690374B1 EP12425128.1A EP12425128A EP2690374B1 EP 2690374 B1 EP2690374 B1 EP 2690374B1 EP 12425128 A EP12425128 A EP 12425128A EP 2690374 B1 EP2690374 B1 EP 2690374B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
resistive
tubular element
resistor
fluid
wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12425128.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2690374A1 (fr
Inventor
Costante Dall'anese
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HT SpA
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HT SpA
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Priority to EP12425128.1A priority Critical patent/EP2690374B1/fr
Publication of EP2690374A1 publication Critical patent/EP2690374A1/fr
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Publication of EP2690374B1 publication Critical patent/EP2690374B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/44—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor arranged within rods or tubes of insulating material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/12—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
    • F24H1/14—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form
    • F24H1/142—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form using electric energy supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to a resistive structure for uniformly heating fluids.
  • the invention relates to a resistor device which is made so as to have a remarkable surface able to exchange heat with the fluid, in order to obtain a homogeneous and instantaneous heating of the fluid passing within the resistive structure, thus maximizing the pressure drop and also saving space and/or encumbrance.
  • Hot water for sanitary use is normally obtained by passing cold water through a plates heat exchanger, inside which a hot fluid is sent through a secondary circuit of the heat exchanger, in order to have a substantially constant temperature of the outgoing fluid.
  • a main drawback of the known heat exchangers for providing hot fluids and, in particular, for supplying hot water is that for each new opening of the tap the water comes out, for a certain period of time, at a temperature value which is substantially higher than a predetermined value and this can constitute a real danger for the user.
  • the heating fluid which is sent inside the heat exchanger must have a temperature of about 10-20°C higher than the predetermined temperature of the fluid outgoing from the tap and since, when the tap is closed, the water which is contained in the heat exchanger is brought to the temperature value of the heating fluid, while, when the tap is again opened, the outgoing water has, for a certain time, a temperature of 10-20°C higher with respect to the predetermined temperature of 55-60°C.
  • the water coming to the tap when said tap is opened will be substantially cold after a certain time period since the last drawing of hot water.
  • the present invention therefore overcomes the above mentioned prior art drawbacks and, in particular, the main object of the invention is to provide a resistive structure for heating fluids in a uniform or homogeneous way, which is able to instantly provide a uniformly heated water flow to one or more supplies, said water flow having a predetermined, controlled and substantially homogeneous temperature.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a resistive structure for the homogeneous heating of fluids, which may be used together with a heat exchanger, in order to obtain an extremely efficient and compact device, which is suitable for delivering an almost instantaneous water flow that is always uniformly heated.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a resistive structure for the homogeneous heating of fluids, which allows to obtain a total heat exchange, without using tanks and/or fluid containers and/or connecting pipelines between the resistive structure and the heat exchanger, thus limiting the overall dimensions and saving time, costs and/or water.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a resistive structure for the homogeneous heating of fluids, which is particularly effective, reliable, convenient and cheap, with respect to the prior art, and which may be used for any new or already existing water supply.
  • the resistive structure according to the invention allows to quickly heat a fluid and to instantly obtain a fluid flow having a homogeneous and controlled temperature, simply by using a labyrinth resistor that works as a heat exchanger within a total heat exchanging device.
  • the resistive structure which is the object of the invention can be particularly used for supplying domestic hot water, but can be similarly used for any other private and/or industrial use (for example, as a heat exchanger for plastics molding machines) and when it is necessary to have a continuous fluid flow at a homogeneous and controlled value of temperature.
  • the resistive structure according to the invention is substantially composed of a resistor 10 formed by a perforated tubular element 13, which is made of conductive material and preferably of aluminum, inside which there are inserted, starting from the external edge and proceeding towards the center of the resistor 10, a tubular element 11, made of conductive material and preferably made of stainless steel, an insulating layer 14, made preferably of compressed magnesium oxide, within which a wire or ring-shaped resistive layer 12 is embedded, a tubular element 15 made of conductive material, such as stainless steel, and a central internal portion 16 made of conductive material, such as aluminum.
  • the resistor 10 is connected to a pipe section, by means of a fitting ring nut and/or by a special flange, for connecting the grounded cables, the three-phase power cables 21 of the resistor 10 and the cables for connecting a possible insulation thermocouple (if any).
  • said resistor 10 is associated with a fluids distribution connector, for example of the T-shaped type, and/or to a base for connecting a possible thermostat.
  • the resistor 10 has internally a labyrinth structure, in such a way that the flow of the fluid incoming from the inlet 25 (arrow F), which passes inside the space 17 between the outer casing and the tubular element 13 and from here inside the openings or holes 22 made on the tubular element 13 (according to the direction and the direction of the arrows F1, F2, F3), indirectly contacts the wire or ring-shaped resistive layer 12 and is again centrally conveyed (arrows F4), passing again above the wire or resistive layer 12, inside the tubular element 15 (arrows F5) and from here, through the inner central portion 16, toward the end terminal 23 (arrow F6), before exiting from the resistive structure (arrow F8), through the lateral duct 24 (arrow F7) and the outlet 26.
  • the resistor device is therefore a temperature "calibrator” and is able to give time savings (so that the fluid can reach a given and controlled temperature value) and fluid (water) savings, because it is not necessary to have a containment tank for collecting the fluid to be heated.
  • the above mentioned resistive structure allows to avoid the complete destruction of the resistor also when an interruption of the fluid flow inside the tubular element 13 occurs, since the metal mass of the external structure is intimately attached to the wire or resistive layer 12.
  • the resistive structure thus obtained can also be advantageously combined with a suitable heat exchanger for applications which require an electric heating combined with an effective heat dissipation (such as, for example, the temperature control units in the molding of plastics); in fact, the resistor 10 is placed inside a container or shaped casing, preferably made of stainless steel, with the interposition of a prismatic block and a mounting flange 20.
  • the resistive structure of the invention can be used in the following conditions:

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Structure résistive pour le chauffage uniforme et homogène de fluides, comprenant une résistance (10) formée par au moins un élément tubulaire perforé (13) fait de matière conductrice, à l'intérieur duquel sont insérés, dans l'ordre, en commençant à partir d'un bord externe et en continuant vers le centre de la résistance (10), au moins un premier élément tubulaire (11) fait de matière conductrice, une couche isolante (14) à l'intérieur de laquelle un fil métallique ou une couche résistive annulaire (12) est incorporé, au moins un second élément tubulaire (15) fait de matière conductrice et une partie centrale intérieure (16) faite de matière conductrice, dans laquelle ladite résistance (10) a intérieurement une structure de labyrinthe, caractérisée en ce que la structure de labyrinthe est configurée de sorte qu'un flux de fluide (F) entrant dans la structure résistive et passant à l'intérieur d'un espace (17) prévu entre une enveloppe extérieure et ledit élément tubulaire perforé (13) va vers (F1, F2, F3) des ouvertures ou des trous (22) faits sur ledit élément tubulaire perforé (13), entrant ainsi indirectement en contact avec ledit fil métallique ou ladite couche résistive (12), avant d'être de nouveau transporté (F4), en léchant ledit fil métallique ou ladite couche résistive (12), dans (F5) ledit second élément tubulaire (15), et à partir de là, à travers ladite partie centrale intérieure (16), vers (F6) une extrémité terminale (23) et vers (F7, F8) un conduit latéral (24) et une sortie (26) de la structure résistive.
  2. Structure résistive selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ladite résistance (10) est reliée à une section de tuyau pour relier les câbles mis à la masse, les câbles électriques triphasés (21) et les câbles pour relier un éventuel thermocouple isolant.
  3. Structure résistive selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ladite résistance (10) est reliée à une base de distribution de fluide et/ou à au moins une plaque terminale pour le raccordement d'un éventuel thermostat.
  4. Structure résistive selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ledit fluide fait au moins trois tours à l'intérieur de ladite structure de labyrinthe, léchant ainsi, à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur, au moins trois surfaces différentes de ladite structure, obtenant ainsi une grande surface d'échange de chaleur, maximisant la chute de pression, conservant une taille compacte de la structure et évitant, en même temps, un contact direct entre le fluide et ledit fil métallique ou ladite couche résistive (12).
  5. Structure résistive selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'une ou plusieurs sondes pour détecter et commander la température dudit fluide sont placées à l'intérieur dudit premier élément tubulaire (13) et/ou dudit fil métallique ou de ladite couche résistive (12).
  6. Structure résistive selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ladite structure est combinée avec au moins un échangeur thermique et ladite résistance (10) est insérée à l'intérieur d'un conteneur ou d'une enveloppe mise en forme, faite de matière conductrice, par l'interposition d'un bloc prismatique et/ou d'une bride de fixation (20).
EP12425128.1A 2012-07-25 2012-07-25 Structure résistive pour le chauffage uniforme de fluides Active EP2690374B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12425128.1A EP2690374B1 (fr) 2012-07-25 2012-07-25 Structure résistive pour le chauffage uniforme de fluides

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12425128.1A EP2690374B1 (fr) 2012-07-25 2012-07-25 Structure résistive pour le chauffage uniforme de fluides

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2690374A1 EP2690374A1 (fr) 2014-01-29
EP2690374B1 true EP2690374B1 (fr) 2017-01-04

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EP12425128.1A Active EP2690374B1 (fr) 2012-07-25 2012-07-25 Structure résistive pour le chauffage uniforme de fluides

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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITUB20160200A1 (it) * 2016-02-03 2017-08-03 Ht S P A Struttura riscaldante per erogatori di aria calda
CN109903940A (zh) * 2019-02-25 2019-06-18 湖南福德电气有限公司 一种具有热电偶安装结构的水冷电阻器
CN110173888A (zh) * 2019-05-10 2019-08-27 佛山建邦机械有限公司 一种套管式空气电加热器
NL2027269B1 (nl) * 2021-01-05 2022-07-22 Josephus Maria Schottman Wilhelmus Doorstroomverwarmer voor het opwarmen van een vloeibaar medium

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE166375C (fr) *
CH86530A (de) * 1920-02-04 1920-09-01 Oerlikon Maschf Vorrichtung zum elektrischen Erhitzen von Flüssigkeiten und Gasen.
US1802967A (en) * 1927-03-07 1931-04-28 Case Egerton Ryerson Method of heating liquids
CH190072A (de) * 1936-06-17 1937-04-15 Moser Hans Elektrischer Durchflusserhitzer.
DE833985C (de) * 1949-08-27 1952-03-13 Josef Lehnert Dipl Ing Durchlauferhitzer fuer elektrisch leitende Fluessigkeiten
US3069736A (en) * 1960-07-25 1962-12-25 Ohio Commw Eng Co Method and apparatus to sterilize pump water as and when it is pumped
FR2420726A1 (fr) * 1978-03-21 1979-10-19 Commissariat Energie Atomique Dispositif pour porter un liquide a une temperature donnee
US5954094A (en) * 1997-01-13 1999-09-21 Lufran Incorporated End cap for providing a fluid-tight seal between dissimilar materials
US6621984B2 (en) * 2001-08-03 2003-09-16 Integrated Circuit Development Corp. In-line fluid heating system

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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