EP2686679A1 - Alcohol-detecting chemical breath analyzer combining a test tube and an inflatable bag - Google Patents

Alcohol-detecting chemical breath analyzer combining a test tube and an inflatable bag

Info

Publication number
EP2686679A1
EP2686679A1 EP12717334.2A EP12717334A EP2686679A1 EP 2686679 A1 EP2686679 A1 EP 2686679A1 EP 12717334 A EP12717334 A EP 12717334A EP 2686679 A1 EP2686679 A1 EP 2686679A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
test tube
cap
tip
axial
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12717334.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Antonio Marin
Eric Condesse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contralco SAS
Original Assignee
Contralco SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contralco SAS filed Critical Contralco SAS
Publication of EP2686679A1 publication Critical patent/EP2686679A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
    • G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
    • G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
    • G01N21/783—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour for analysing gases
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
    • G01N33/497—Physical analysis of biological material of gaseous biological material, e.g. breath
    • G01N33/4972—Determining alcohol content
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/98—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving alcohol, e.g. ethanol in breath
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
    • G01N31/22—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using chemical indicators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
    • Y10T436/20—Oxygen containing
    • Y10T436/203332—Hydroxyl containing

Definitions

  • Chemical device for breath analysis for the detection of alcohol combining a test tube and an inflatable bag.
  • the invention is in the field of the research of the properties of biological materials, and more particularly relates to the search for the characteristics of the breath from a chemical device implementing a test tube housing a substrate impregnated with a reagent. . It relates to a device commonly known as ethylotest, which combines such a test tube and an inflatable bag.
  • breathalysers In the field of research properties of biological materials, it is known devices commonly known as breathalysers that are organized to look for the presence of alcohol in the breath. Such devices allow from the breath breathed by a user to determine a significant threshold of presence of alcohol in the breath of the user to appreciate the blood alcohol level.
  • breathalysers there are devices listed among electronic devices and those listed among the chemical devices operating a test tube and an air bag.
  • the chemical devices for analyzing the breath comprise a transparent test tube, in particular glass, which houses a breathable substrate in sealed confinement.
  • a transparent test tube in particular glass, which houses a breathable substrate in sealed confinement.
  • a substrate is in particular in the finely divided state, such as based on silica or the like, or even is likely to be a substrate of textile nature.
  • the substrate is impregnated with a reactive agent, which is, for example, potassium dichromate in the specific case of an ethyltest.
  • the test is performed from a breath passage of the user through the test tube in a defined quantity, then an observation of the behavior of the substrate: a progressive modification of the color of the substrate in the direction of flow of the air through the test tube, indicates a corresponding rate of alcohol contained in the breath of the user.
  • the transparent nature of the test tube is exploited for the observation of a possible change of state of the substrate, at least one mark traced on the test tube being commonly used to detect a threshold of the user'
  • the substrate is confined within the test tube to preserve it from the outside environment while waiting for a test.
  • the outlets of the test tube are closed by respective lids which are intended to be perforated extemporaneously to the practice of the test, to allow a flow of air through the test tube.
  • perforated screens or similar members are respectively placed on either side of the zone of the test tube inside which the substrate is confined.
  • Calibration of the test takes into account a defined volume of air through which the substrate passes at a substantially constant flow rate.
  • an inflatable bag of a corresponding volume is used to calibrate the volume of air flowing through the test tube for a given test.
  • the inflatable bag is filled by the user by air blowing, to calibrate the amount of air blown through the reagent contained in the test tube during the test.
  • the inflatable bag is equipped with a receiving end of the test tube for their cooperation.
  • the test tube is used to fill the inflatable bag from an air blast operated by the user through the test tube, or the inflatable bag is first filled directly by the user.
  • caps cover the ends of the test tube and each comprise a barrel provided with an axial opening for the passage of air.
  • the caps are slidably mounted on the test tube to allow rupture of the caps by the drums when the caps are pressed on the ends of the test tube.
  • the axial openings in the drums are each extended outwardly of the test tube by respective conduits.
  • One of the ducts is operated to allow the user to blow air into the test tube; the other conduit is used for mounting the test tube on the inflatable bag, by interlocking inside the tip that includes.
  • the conduits may be integrated in the corresponding cap, and / or be introduced by introduction into the axial opening extemporaneously assembly of the test tube with the inflatable near. This solution is particularly applied in the context of a test tube operation as filling member of the inflatable bag by the user.
  • the inflatable bag is provided with a valve tip, the valve being mounted movably inside the nozzle between an open position allowing the passage of air and a position closure preventing the passage of air through the mouthpiece.
  • This solution is particularly applied in the context of filling the inflatable bag by the user via the tip.
  • the mobility of the valve is caused by the pressurized air that is applied against the valve, either opening by insufflation when the user fills the inflatable bag, or closing under the effect of the pressure of the air contained inside the filled inflatable pouch.
  • the inflatable bag is previously filled with air by the user and is kept inflated by a spontaneous release of the valve to the closure.
  • test tube A cooperation between the test tube and the tip causes the passage of the valve to the opening, the test tube being equipped with a thrust finger that drives the valve at the bottom of the tip.
  • the free end of the tip opposite that of its engagement on the inflation bag is arranged in a perforator, to destroy the lid when the test tube is mounted on the inflatable bag.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a chemical device for breath analysis, the operating modalities and structure of which are improved compared to existing devices, in particular by providing a satisfactory compromise with regard to all the difficulties. overcome and the constraints to which these devices are subjected.
  • the device of the present invention is a chemical device for breath analysis, which associates a transparent test tube cooperating with an inflatable bag.
  • the test tube contains a permeable substrate that is impregnated a reagent agent to a desired substance in the breath, such a substrate being in particular a granulate.
  • the ends of the test tube are closed by lids which are respectively assigned to them.
  • Such lids are in particular arranged in sheet, such as an aluminum foil, which is thermally sealed at the corresponding end of the test tube.
  • the device comprises means for breaking these lids to allow an air passage through the test tube.
  • the inflatable bag is provided with a tubular receiving end of a connecting member which is equipped with the test tube at one of its ends. This connecting member is used for assembly between the test tube and the inflatable bag, by providing an air passage between the nozzle and the internal volume of the test tube.
  • the device of the present invention is mainly recognizable in that it associates a valve tip which is manouvrable by a thrust member that comprises the test tube equipped with a cap.
  • This cap is provided with means for breaking the cap, being slidably mounted on the test tube, the thrust member of the valve that comprises the tip, and a connecting member by interlocking the test tube. with the tip that cleans a passage of air between them.
  • the nozzle is a valve tip, the valve being operable between a retracted position and a closed position.
  • the retracted position is an authorization position of an air passage through the tip by pushing the valve towards the inside of the inflatable bag against a restraint seat that includes the tip.
  • the closed position is a position of prohibition of an air passage through the tip pushing the valve against an outlet of the nozzle on the outside of the inflatable bag.
  • the test tube is equipped with a thrust member of the valve towards the inside of the inflatable bag, when assembled between the test tube and the inflatable bag, to cause the valve to move in the retracted position as a result of the receipt of the test tube by the tip.
  • the means of rupture of at least one of the lids are formed by a blind cap which caps the corresponding end of the test tube.
  • This corresponding end is understood to be the end of the test tube closed by the at least one cover.
  • the at least one operculum is in particular the lid which is provided with the proximal end of the test tube which is received by the endpiece when assembled between the test tube and the inflatable bag.
  • the provisions provided for the cap equipping the proximal end of the test tube are transposed to a cap equipping the other distal end opposite test tube.
  • the specific features of the arrangement of the breaking means used are further advantageously exploitable for one and the other of the lids.
  • any other modalities of rupture of the lid which is provided with the distal end of the test tube can be provided.
  • the cap is provided at its bottom with a rupture member of the lid and an axial conduit for air passage therethrough.
  • the cap is mounted axially movable on the test tube, between an initial waiting position in which the rupture member is placed at a distance from the corresponding cap and a test position in which this cap is broken.
  • the cap at least for that fitted to the proximal end of the test tube, is provided with an axial interlocking lateral wall on the endpiece which forms the connecting member, and an axial bearing shoulder against the valve which forms the pushing member.
  • a shoulder is formed in particular by the blind end face of the cap.
  • the connecting member, the thrust member and the corresponding rupture member are grouped together on the cap assigned to the end of the corresponding test tube. This grouping is likely to be easily achieved by integration molding the cap of the junction member, the thrust member and the rupture member.
  • the structure of the device and the modalities implement to practice the test are simple.
  • the structure of the cap is potentially reduced to a blind sleeve having a sidewall advantageously thin, flexible and / or deformable adapted to take elastic supports interposed between the test tube and the tip.
  • Such elasticity of the side wall of the cap promotes the obtaining of a sealing junction between the test tube and the tip, by interposing this side wall between them.
  • the bottom of the cap is adapted to form the said shoulder, which provides an optimized bearing surface against the valve for its discharge in the retracted position, and which limits the extension of the axial duct. corresponding to the thickness of the bottom of the cap, to reduce the pressure drop and to avoid the formation of turbulence of the air flow circulating between the inflatable bag and the internal volume of the test tube.
  • the air circulates in laminar flow over a short path, which is favorable to the relevance, precision and reliability of the test carried out.
  • the device can be obtained at lower cost and the modalities of its packaging are strictly reduced to the packaging of a test tube of small size, axially in particular, and to the inflatable bag out of which the tip is likely to emerge with a limited axial extension; just enough to be mouthed by the user.
  • the tightness of the junction between the test tube and the inflatable bag is favored by minimizing the number of elements that are interposed between the internal volume of the test tube and that of the tip, and minimizing their respective axial dimensions in the assembly situation between the test tube and the tip.
  • the side wall can be structurally thin and deformable to reduce its cost of obtaining and to promote the sealing of the junctions respectively between the test tube and the cap and between the cap and the tip.
  • the test tube comprises a marker, including marking, setting test position appropriate to attest to the proper destruction of the lid.
  • the thickness of the bottom of the cap is likely to be made easily greater than that of the side wall of the cap, to reinforce the strength of the rupture member which is in particular integral molding at the bottom of the cap.
  • the rupture member is free of heavy load and can advantageously be arranged as a cutting blade, of particular circular conformation adapted to match the geometry of the outlet of the tube. to test.
  • a blade makes it possible to cause rupture by cutting the lid rather than by tearing, according to a perimeter corresponding to the internal geometry of the test tube.
  • the edge of the test tube is preferably regular and able to cooperate with the blade, advantageously forming a counter blade. Such cutting promotes the retraction of the cap in the test position, avoiding the formation of discomfort in the laminar passage of air through the test tube.
  • the arrangement of the blade rupture member makes it possible to confer on its cutting edge a toothing improving the quality of the regular cutting of the lid.
  • the cap integrally molds the junction member, the thrust member and the rupture member.
  • the formation of the cap is easily feasible at lower costs, and the implementation of the device is simple by limiting the number of elements to handle.
  • the junction member is formed in particular by the outer side wall of the cap, which surrounds the outer wall of the test tube at its corresponding end and which is accommodable, when assembled between the test tube and the inflatable bag, to the inside of a cage that includes the tip.
  • An axial end-of-travel shoulder of the test tube is formed inside the end piece at the bottom of the cage.
  • the cap is structurally reduced to a flexible enclosure which forms its outer wall and which is closed at one of its ends by the bottom of the cap in the thickness of which extends and is defined the axial duct air passage.
  • the flexibility of the enclosure formed by the cap is conferred by the fineness of its wall and / or from the material constituting it.
  • the cap is arranged in a blind sleeve with flexible outer wall and deformable, which cap elastically in close contact with the outer wall of the test tube.
  • the outer side wall of the cap preferably has on its inner face an axial positioning stop in the initial position of the cap on the test tube.
  • Such an abutment is preferably formed substantially in axially median zone of the cap.
  • the outer side wall of the cap has on its inner face centering ribs and resilient bearing against the wall of the test tube.
  • the centering ribs are preferably distributed in sets, including a first set of ribs to facilitate the installation and centering of the caps on the test tube and a set of complementary ribs to guide the hard mobility cap on the tube. test between the initial position and the test position. More particularly, a second set of ribs associates the ribs of the first set and said complementary ribs which harden the relative mobility between the test tube and the cap, to hinder a possible spontaneous movement of the rear cap to its maneuver in the test position. .
  • the centering and resilient bearing ribs advantageously comprise the first set of ribs which extend along the entire axial extension of the inner face of the outer side wall of the cap, and the complementary ribs of hardening of the relative mobility between the cap and the test tube, which extend axially from the bottom of the cap to the stop.
  • These hardening ribs participate in the formation of the stop, in that they create a hard passage point sliding the cap along the test tube.
  • the formation of the abutment by the hardening ribs is completed by a localized extra thickness of the inner face of the outer wall of the cap, leaving an annular peripheral bead with indifferently continuous or discontinuous extension.
  • the outer side wall of the cap has on its outer face an annular sealing member between the cap and the tubular space of the nozzle, in the assembly situation between the test tube and the inflatable bag.
  • This annular sealing member arranged in lip or the like is formed in particular of a localized excess thickness of the outer wall of the cap, which is adapted to be housed inside the tubular space of the endpiece and in particular of the cage.
  • the sealing member is preferably located at the base of the cap opposite its bottom, at the edge of the outlet that it comprises.
  • the tip is likely to include in its tubular space a specific housing for receiving the sealing member, to reinforce the seal obtained between the test tube and the inflatable bag assembled to one another.
  • the latter is arranged in thin-walled barrel allowing its deformation by receiving the sealing member at its opening introduction of the test tube.
  • the axial duct for air passage is formed in the thickness of the bottom of the cap.
  • the axial extension of the duct is advantageously limited to the thickness of the bottom of the cap to restrict its axial extension.
  • Such a restriction of extension aims in particular to promote the air passage of air between the inflatable bag and the internal volume of the test tube, and to prevent the cap from having to withstand the heavy load of a specific specific duct to impair the ability to give the outer side wall of the cap a flexibility from the weakening of its thickness.
  • An overflow of the conduit out of the cap being avoided, the bottom of the cap can be advantageously exploited to form the thrust member.
  • the thrust member is advantageously formed by the blind end wall of the cap forming its bottom, which axially bears against its outer face against the valve in the assembly situation between the test tube and the inflatable bag.
  • the valve has projections, such as arranged in pin or similar support members, which are formed at its opposite side on the bottom of the cap in the assembly position between the test tube and the inflatable bag. Such provisions are intended to prevent clogging of the duct by the valve when the cap is installed inside the nozzle.
  • the rupture member is arranged as a cutting blade, in particular shaped as a ring, of radial geometry corresponding to that of the outlet of the test tube which forms a counter blade.
  • the cutting edge of the blade preferably has a toothing to provide a progressive cut of the lid, promoting its rupture and retraction.
  • the blade preferably comprises at least axial ribs of reinforcement, which extend as far as the tooth tip.
  • the nozzle further advantageously comprises a guide passage of the valve, which is formed between axial ramps between them the valve retaining seat in the retracted position and an air flow channel through the nozzle in the retracted position.
  • the present invention also relates to a test tube that comprises a chemical device for breath analysis as just described.
  • This test tube is equipped with at least one rupture member of a closing cap of one of its outlets, in particular the outlet of the proximal end of the test tube.
  • the proximal end of the test tube is its end arranged for its cooperation with a tip equipping an inflatable bag for joining them to each other.
  • the outlets of the test tube being closed by a lid, a said cap is advantageously equipped with a rupture member of the operculum which is assigned to it.
  • the rupture member is mounted axially movable to the corresponding end of the test tube, in particular via the cap which carries it and which caps the corresponding end of the test tube.
  • the rupture member is arranged as a cutting blade, in particular shaped as a ring and preferably provided with a set of teeth, which is of radial geometry.
  • the test tube advantageously comprises second locating marks of adequate setting of the cap in the test position.
  • Fig.1 is an axial sectional illustration of a device of the present invention, associating a test tube with a nozzle equipping an inflatable bag, cross sections of the test tube and the nozzle being locally shown.
  • FIG. 2 is an axial sectional illustration of a nozzle shown in FIG. 1 in the situation of filling of the inflatable bag, in which a valve that it comprises is in the retracted position to allow an air passage to be passed through. the mouthpiece.
  • FIG. 3 is an axial sectional illustration of a device shown in FIG. 1, in which the valve that the nozzle has is in the closed position, preventing an air passage through the nozzle, and in FIG. which the test tube is in use, closure caps of its outlets being broken.
  • Fig.4 is an axial sectional illustration of a device shown in Fig.1, wherein the test tube and the tip are assembled to one another.
  • a chemical device for analyzing the breath associates a transparent test tube 1 and an inflation bag 2 provided with a tip 3 with a flap 4 for receiving the test tube 1.
  • This device is more particularly an alcohol test, the function of which is to show the level of alcohol present in the breath of a user.
  • the user fills the air bag 2 by blowing air through the nozzle 3, as shown in Fig.2.
  • the test tube 1 is prepared, as illustrated in FIG. 3, by disengaging its outlets which are closed by lids 5 while waiting for its use.
  • the inflatable bag 2 being filled, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the test tube 1 prepared is installed on the tip 3 by its proximal end to carry out the analysis of the air contained in the inflatable bag 2, as shown in fig.4.
  • An operator causes the compression forced emptying of the inflatable bag 2, to expel the air that it contains through the nozzle 3 and to evacuate it to the test tube 1.
  • the air passes through the test tube 1 for to analyze the breath of the user and to evaluate the alcohol content.
  • the test tube 1 is formed from a transparent material, such as glass deemed to be a chemically neutral material for performing biological analyzes.
  • the test tube 1 houses in its median zone an air permeable substrate 6 formed in particular of a granulate, which is retained in a dedicated volume of the test tube 1 by means of sieves 7 respectively arranged on either side. of the substrate 6.
  • these screens 7 are arranged in simple grids, but other embodiments of the screens 7 are capable of being implemented.
  • the substrate 6 is impregnated with a reactive agent intended to induce a progressively axial change in its color, as a function of the level of alcohol contained in the air which passes through the test tube 1.
  • a first mark 8 formed on the test tube test 1 forms a benchmark of a detected alcohol threshold, such a threshold being in particular a regulatory threshold that must not be exceeded for a vehicle driver.
  • the substrate 6 impregnated with the reagent must be preserved from the external environment while waiting for the use of the device, and the outlets of the test tube 1 are closed by the lids 5.
  • the test tube 1 is provided with rupture members 9 carried by caps 10, which are mounted axially movable at the ends of the test tube 1, between an initial waiting position illustrated in FIG. which the rupture member 9 is placed at a distance from the corresponding cap 5, and a test position in which this cap 5 is broken as illustrated in Fig.3 and Fig.4.
  • Test tube 1 comprises second marks 1 1 to identify the proper placing of the caps 10 in the test position.
  • a particularity of the present invention resides in the organization of the caps 10 and in the methods of putting the tip 3 into contact with the proximal cap 10 equipping the proximal end of the test tube 1.
  • This feature is applied at least for the proximal cap, but preferably also for the other distal cap equipping the distal opposite end of the test tube 1, to facilitate the handling of the test tube 1 by joint rupture of the two caps 5, and to simplify the structure the device and its obtaining at lower costs by using two identical caps 10.
  • the caps 0 are arranged in a blind sleeve which incorporate molding not only the rupture member 5, but also a thrust member 12 of the valve 4 and a junction member 13 by interlocking the test tube 1 with the tip 3, which allows an air passage between them.
  • the connecting member is formed by the outer side wall 13 of the cap 10, an air passage duct 14 being formed in the thickness of its bottom.
  • the outer lateral wall 13 of the cap 10 is of corresponding conformation to a tubular cage 15 that comprises the endpiece 3, for fitting by fitting the cap 10 inside the mouthpiece 3.
  • the outer lateral wall 13 of the cap 10 is thin in being elastically deformable. This deformability makes it possible to provide at the base of the cap 10 opposite its bottom an annular sealing member 16 which is elastically deformable by compression between the endpiece 3 and the test tube 1 nested to each other, such that shown in fig.4. The compression of the annular sealing member 16 prevents a possible escape of air between the nozzle 3 and the test tube 1 during the emptying of the inflatable bag 2.
  • the deformability of the side wall 13 of the cap 10 is also used for the assembly by interlocking between the cap 10 and the test tube 1, to prohibit a spontaneous withdrawal of the cap 10.
  • the outer side wall 13 of the cap 10 tightly encloses the wall of the test tube 1, to enclose its corresponding end.
  • centering and guiding ribs 17 are provided on the inside face of the outer lateral wall 13 of the cap 10. The space provided between the tube 1 and the outer side wall 13 of the cap promotes its deformation and the ease of installation of the caps 10 on the test tube 1.
  • the cap is positioned in the initial position of waiting by an axial stop 18 formed on the face
  • This axial abutment 18 is formed from the free end of a set of additional ribs 19 which extend from their end in engagement with the bottom of the cap 10 to the end of the end cap. desired stop position.
  • the thrust member of the valve is formed by the outer end face of the bottom 12 of the cap.
  • the cap 10 In the interlocking position as illustrated in FIG. 4, the cap 10 is introduced inside the tubular cage 15 of the end piece 3, until its bottom is placed against an axial shoulder 20 of end of stroke that comprises the tip 3.
  • the bottom 12 of the cap 10 pushes the valve 4 to the inside of the inflatable bag 2, until it abuts against a seat 21 formed at the bottom of the nozzle 3.
  • the valve 4 comprises lugs 27 which are formed at its opposite end face on the bottom 12 of the cap, to provide a space between them when the cap 10 is installed inside the nozzle 3. Such a space allows to prevent the end face of the valve 4 closes the conduit 14 and prevents the passage of air from the inflatable bag 2 to the test tube.
  • the valve 4 is guided inside a guide corridor that comprises the nozzle 3 and which is formed by axial ramps 22, the distal ends of which form the seat 21 for applying the valve 4 in the retracted position.
  • the conformation of the seat 21 is preferably axially flared to avoid double positioning between the end of travel of the valve 4 and the end of travel of the bottom 12 of the cap 10, and to provide adequate support of the valve 4 at the bottom of the endpiece 3 when the air is blown inside the inflatable bag 2.
  • the ramps 22 provide between them an air flow channel 23 through the nozzle in the retracted position of the valve 4, to allow the filling of the pocket inflatable 2 by operation of the valve 4 to the seat 21 under the effect of the thrust exerted by the air blown, as shown in Fig.2, or its emptying by pushing the valve 4 with the bottom 12 of the cap, as shown in fig.4.
  • Another particularity of the present invention resides in the organization of the rupture member 9 in the cutting blade of the lids 5. Such cutting of the lids promotes a homogeneous and laminar flow of air inside the test tube. 1.
  • the cut lids 5 may be pressed against the wall of the test tube 1, limiting their exposure surface to the air flow likely to form an obstacle to the flow of air.
  • the cutting edge of the blade 9 is preferably toothed 24 to promote regular cutting of the lids 5.
  • the blade 9 is shaped as a ring, of particular circular geometry, corresponding to the geometry of the edges of the outlets of the test tube 1 which form against blade 26.
  • Reinforcing ribs 25 are provided on the blade 9, to prevent it from sagging which is likely to be caused due to its overall thinness corresponding to the thickness of its cutting edge.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a chemical breath analyzer, combining a transparent test tube (1) that engages with a nozzle (3) having a valve (4) and with which an inflatable bag (2) is provided. The test tube (1) has a member (12) for pushing the valve (4) that is formed by the base (12) of a cap (10). The outer side wall (13) of the cap (10) is resiliently deformable and is used for joining the test tube (1) and the nozzle (3) by nesting. The cap (10) is movably mounted onto the end of the test tube (1) and has a cutting blade for cutting a seal (5) for closing the opening of the test tube (1), the edge of which forms a counter-blade (16).

Description

Dispositif chimique d'analyse de: haleine pour la détection d'alcool, associant un tube à essai et une poche gonflable.  Chemical device for breath analysis for the detection of alcohol, combining a test tube and an inflatable bag.
Domaine technique de l'invention. Technical Field of the Invention
L'invention est du domaine de la recherche des propriétés des matériaux biologiques, et relève plus particulièrement de la recherche des caractéristiques de l'haleine à partir d'un dispositif chimique mettant en œuvre un tube à essai logeant un substrat imprégné d'un réactif. Elle a pour objet un dispositif communément dénommé éthylotest, qui associe un tel tube à essai et une poche gonflable. The invention is in the field of the research of the properties of biological materials, and more particularly relates to the search for the characteristics of the breath from a chemical device implementing a test tube housing a substrate impregnated with a reagent. . It relates to a device commonly known as ethylotest, which combines such a test tube and an inflatable bag.
Etat de la technique. State of the art
Dans le domaine de la recherche des propriétés des matériaux biologiques, il est connu des appareils communément dénommés éthylotests qui sont organisés pour rechercher la présence d'alcool dans l'haleine. De tels appareils permettent à partir de l'haleine insufflée par un utilisateur, de déterminer un seuil significatif de présence d'alcool dans l'haleine de l'utilisateur pour en apprécier l'alcoolémie. Parmi ces appareils, on distingue les dispositifs répertoriés parmi les appareils électroniques et ceux répertoriés parmi les dispositifs chimiques exploitant un tube à essai et une poche gonflable. In the field of research properties of biological materials, it is known devices commonly known as breathalysers that are organized to look for the presence of alcohol in the breath. Such devices allow from the breath breathed by a user to determine a significant threshold of presence of alcohol in the breath of the user to appreciate the blood alcohol level. Among these devices, there are devices listed among electronic devices and those listed among the chemical devices operating a test tube and an air bag.
Les dispositifs chimiques d'analyse de l'haleine comprennent un tube à essai transparent, en verre notamment, qui loge en confinement étanche un substrat perméable à l'air. Un tel substrat est notamment à l'état finement parcellisé, tel qu'à base de silice ou analogue, voire encore est susceptible d'être un substrat de nature textile. Le substrat est imprégné d'un agent réactif, qui est par exemple le dichromate de potassium dans le cas spécifique d'un éthylotest. L'essai est effectué à partir d'un passage de l'haleine de l'utilisateur à travers le tube à essai en quantité définie, puis d'une observation du comportement du substrat : une modification progressive de la couleur du substrat dans le sens d'écoulement de l'air à travers le tube à essai, indique un taux correspondant d'alcool contenu dans l'haleine de l'utilisateur. Le caractère transparent du tube à essai est mis à profit pour l'observation d'un éventuel changement d'état du substrat, au moins une marque tracée sur le tube à essai étant couramment exploitée pour repérer un seuil d'alcoolémie de l'utilisateur à ne pas franchir. The chemical devices for analyzing the breath comprise a transparent test tube, in particular glass, which houses a breathable substrate in sealed confinement. Such a substrate is in particular in the finely divided state, such as based on silica or the like, or even is likely to be a substrate of textile nature. The substrate is impregnated with a reactive agent, which is, for example, potassium dichromate in the specific case of an ethyltest. The test is performed from a breath passage of the user through the test tube in a defined quantity, then an observation of the behavior of the substrate: a progressive modification of the color of the substrate in the direction of flow of the air through the test tube, indicates a corresponding rate of alcohol contained in the breath of the user. The transparent nature of the test tube is exploited for the observation of a possible change of state of the substrate, at least one mark traced on the test tube being commonly used to detect a threshold of the user's blood alcohol level. not to cross.
Le substrat est confiné à l'intérieur du tube à essai pour le préserver de l'environnement extérieur dans l'attente d'un essai. Selon une solution courante, les débouchés du tube à essai sont obturés par des opercules respectifs qui sont prévus d'être perforés extemporanément à la pratique de l'essai, pour autoriser une circulation de l'air à travers le tube à essai. Pour contenir le substrat dans une zone déterminée du tube à essai, zone médiane notamment, des tamis ou organes analogues ajourés sont respectivement placés de part et d'autre de la zone du tube à essai à l'intérieur de laquelle est confiné le substrat. Ces dispositions visent notamment à maintenir la masse de substrat dans une zone déterminée du tube à essai, et plus particulièrement à éviter une dispersion à l'intérieur du tube à essai du granulat formant le substrat. Le calibrage de l'essai prend un compte un volume d'air défini de traversée du substrat selon un débit sensiblement constant. Pour calibrer le volume d'air circulant à travers le tube à essai pour un essai donné, il est courant d'utiliser une poche gonflable d'un volume correspondant. La poche gonflable est remplie par l'utilisateur par insufflation d'air, pour calibrer la quantité d'air insufflé qui traverse le réactif contenu dans le tube à essai au cours de l'essai. La poche gonflable est équipée d'un embout de réception du tube à essai pour leur mise en coopération. Selon diverses variantes de mise en œuvre, soit le tube à essai est utilisé pour remplir la poche gonflable à partir d'une insufflation d'air opérée par l'utilisateur à travers le tube à essai, soit la poche gonflable est préalablement remplie directement par l'utilisateur par insufflation d'air à travers l'embout, puis le tube à essai est installé sur la poche gonflable et un opérateur vide le volume d'air qu'elle contient à travers le tube à essai. Préalablement à l'utilisation du tube à essai, il est nécessaire d'escamoter les obstacles que forment les opercules, par perforation des opercules notamment, pour autoriser le passage de l'air à travers le tube à essai. Par exemple selon FR2746186 (SAINT GAL DE PONS RENAUD), des capuchons coiffent les extrémités du tube à essai et comportent chacun un fût muni d'une ouverture axiale de passage de l'air. Les capuchons sont montés coulissants sur le tube à essai pour permettre une rupture des opercules par les fûts lorsque les capuchons sont enfoncés sur les extrémités du tube à essai. Les ouvertures axiales que comportent les fûts sont chacune prolongées vers l'extérieur du tube à essai par des conduits respectifs. L'un des conduits est exploité pour permettre à l'utilisateur d'insuffler de l'air dans le tube à essai ; l'autre conduit est exploité pour le montage du tube à essai sur la poche gonflable, par emboîtement à l'intérieur de l'embout qu'elle comporte. Les conduits sont susceptibles d'être intégrés au capuchon correspondant, et/ou d'être rapporté par introduction à l'intérieur de l'ouverture axiale extemporanément à l'assemblage du tube à essai avec la proche gonflable. Cette solution est notamment appliquée dans le cadre d'une exploitation du tube à essai comme organe de remplissage de la poche gonflable par l'utilisateur. The substrate is confined within the test tube to preserve it from the outside environment while waiting for a test. According to a current solution, the outlets of the test tube are closed by respective lids which are intended to be perforated extemporaneously to the practice of the test, to allow a flow of air through the test tube. In order to contain the substrate in a particular zone of the test tube, in particular a median zone, perforated screens or similar members are respectively placed on either side of the zone of the test tube inside which the substrate is confined. These provisions are intended in particular to maintain the substrate mass in a given zone of the test tube, and more particularly to avoid dispersion within the test tube of the granulate forming the substrate. Calibration of the test takes into account a defined volume of air through which the substrate passes at a substantially constant flow rate. To calibrate the volume of air flowing through the test tube for a given test, it is common to use an inflatable bag of a corresponding volume. The inflatable bag is filled by the user by air blowing, to calibrate the amount of air blown through the reagent contained in the test tube during the test. The inflatable bag is equipped with a receiving end of the test tube for their cooperation. According to various alternative embodiments, the test tube is used to fill the inflatable bag from an air blast operated by the user through the test tube, or the inflatable bag is first filled directly by the user. the user by blowing air through the nozzle, then the test tube is installed on the air bag and an operator empties the volume of air that it contains through the test tube. Prior to the use of the test tube, it is necessary to retract the obstacles that form the covers, perforation of the lids in particular, to allow the passage of air through the test tube. For example, according to FR2746186 (SAINT GAL DE PONS RENAUD), caps cover the ends of the test tube and each comprise a barrel provided with an axial opening for the passage of air. The caps are slidably mounted on the test tube to allow rupture of the caps by the drums when the caps are pressed on the ends of the test tube. The axial openings in the drums are each extended outwardly of the test tube by respective conduits. One of the ducts is operated to allow the user to blow air into the test tube; the other conduit is used for mounting the test tube on the inflatable bag, by interlocking inside the tip that includes. The conduits may be integrated in the corresponding cap, and / or be introduced by introduction into the axial opening extemporaneously assembly of the test tube with the inflatable near. This solution is particularly applied in the context of a test tube operation as filling member of the inflatable bag by the user.
Par exemple encore selon FR2738341 (CONTRALCO), la poche gonflable est munie d'un embout à clapet, le clapet étant monté mobile à l'intérieur de l'embout entre une position d'ouverture autorisant le passage de l'air et une position de fermeture interdisant le passage de l'air à travers l'embout. Cette solution est notamment appliquée dans le cadre d'un remplissage de la poche gonflable par l'utilisateur par l'intermédiaire de l'embout. La mobilité du clapet est provoquée par l'air sous pression qui est appliqué contre le clapet, soit à l'ouverture par insufflation lorsque l'utilisateur remplit la poche gonflable, soit à la fermeture sous l'effet la pression de l'air contenu à l'intérieur de la poche gonflable remplie. Lors de la pratique de l'essai, la poche gonflable est préalablement remplie d'air par l'utilisateur et est maintenu gonflée par une mise spontanée du clapet à la fermeture. Une mise en coopération entre le tube à essai et l'embout provoque le passage du clapet à l'ouverture, le tube à essai étant équipé d'un doigt de poussée qui chasse le clapet en fond de l'embout. L'extrémité libre de l'embout opposée à celle de sa mise en prise sur la poche gonflage est agencée en perforateur, pour détruire l'opercule lorsque le tube à essai est monté sur la poche gonflable. For example still according to FR2738341 (CONTRALCO), the inflatable bag is provided with a valve tip, the valve being mounted movably inside the nozzle between an open position allowing the passage of air and a position closure preventing the passage of air through the mouthpiece. This solution is particularly applied in the context of filling the inflatable bag by the user via the tip. The mobility of the valve is caused by the pressurized air that is applied against the valve, either opening by insufflation when the user fills the inflatable bag, or closing under the effect of the pressure of the air contained inside the filled inflatable pouch. During the practice of the test, the inflatable bag is previously filled with air by the user and is kept inflated by a spontaneous release of the valve to the closure. A cooperation between the test tube and the tip causes the passage of the valve to the opening, the test tube being equipped with a thrust finger that drives the valve at the bottom of the tip. The free end of the tip opposite that of its engagement on the inflation bag is arranged in a perforator, to destroy the lid when the test tube is mounted on the inflatable bag.
Il est apparu à l'usage que les dispositifs chimiques d'analyse de l'haleine méritent d'être améliorés, en prenant en compte diverses contraintes et difficultés à surmonter. L'assemblage entre les éléments structurels composant le dispositif et les opérations à effectuer pour la pratique d'un essai, doivent pouvoir être réalisés aisément et rapidement. Le montage entre le tube à essai et l'embout doit être obtenu au mieux étanche, et il est souhaitable que les modalités mises en œuvre prévues pour ce montage soient structurellement simples en limitant le nombre d'éléments à manipuler et en facilitant leur mise en coopération les uns avec les autres. Le passage de l'air à travers le tube à essai doit être fluide et à débit constant. Les dispositifs chimiques d'analyse de l'haleine étant des produits consommables à usage unique, ces dispositifs doivent être d'une structure la plus simple possible sans affecter la pertinence et la fiabilité de l'analyse pratiquée, cette structure devant pouvoir être obtenue à moindres coûts pour ne pas rendre leur utilisation économiquement rédhibitoire. It has become apparent that chemical devices for breath analysis deserve to be improved, taking into account various constraints and difficulties to be overcome. The assembly between the structural elements making up the device and the operations to be performed for the practice of a test must be able to be carried out easily and quickly. The assembly between the test tube and the tip must be obtained at best sealed, and it is desirable that the methods implemented for this assembly are structurally simple by limiting the number of elements to handle and facilitating their implementation. cooperation with each other. The passage of air through the test tube must be fluid and at a constant rate. Since breath analysis chemical devices are consumables for single use, these devices must be of the simplest possible structure without affecting the relevance and reliability of the analysis performed, this structure being able to be obtained at lower costs so as not to make their use economically crippling.
Objet de l'invention. Object of the invention
Le but de la présente invention est de proposer un dispositif chimique d'analyse de l'haleine, dont les modalités de fonctionnement et la structure sont améliorées par rapport aux dispositifs existants, en procurant notamment un compromis satisfaisant au regard de l'ensemble des difficultés à surmonter et des contraintes auxquelles sont soumis ces dispositifs. Le dispositif de la présente invention est un dispositif chimique d'analyse de l'haleine, qui associe un tube à essai transparent coopérant avec une poche gonflable. Le tube à essai contient un substrat perméable à l'air qui est imprégné d'un agent réactif à une substance recherchée dans l'haleine, un tel substrat étant notamment un granulat. Les extrémités du tube à essai sont obturées par des opercules qui leur sont respectivement affectés. De tels opercules sont notamment agencés en feuille, telle qu'une feuille en aluminium, qui est thermiquement scellée à l'extrémité correspondante du tube à essai. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a chemical device for breath analysis, the operating modalities and structure of which are improved compared to existing devices, in particular by providing a satisfactory compromise with regard to all the difficulties. overcome and the constraints to which these devices are subjected. The device of the present invention is a chemical device for breath analysis, which associates a transparent test tube cooperating with an inflatable bag. The test tube contains a permeable substrate that is impregnated a reagent agent to a desired substance in the breath, such a substrate being in particular a granulate. The ends of the test tube are closed by lids which are respectively assigned to them. Such lids are in particular arranged in sheet, such as an aluminum foil, which is thermally sealed at the corresponding end of the test tube.
Le dispositif comporte des moyens de rupture de ces opercules pour autoriser un passage d'air à travers le tube à essai. La poche gonflable est munie d'un embout tubulaire de réception d'un organe de jonction dont est équipé le tube à essai à l'une de ses extrémités. Cet organe de jonction est exploité pour l'assemblage entre le tube à essai et la poche gonflable, en ménageant un passage d'air entre l'embout et le volume intérieur du tube à essai. The device comprises means for breaking these lids to allow an air passage through the test tube. The inflatable bag is provided with a tubular receiving end of a connecting member which is equipped with the test tube at one of its ends. This connecting member is used for assembly between the test tube and the inflatable bag, by providing an air passage between the nozzle and the internal volume of the test tube.
Le dispositif de la présente invention est principalement reconnaissable en ce qu'il associe un embout à clapet qui est man uvrable par un organe de poussée que comporte le tube à essai équipé d'un capuchon. Ce capuchon est muni des moyens de rupture de l'opercule, en étant monté coulissant sur le tube à essai, de l'organe de poussée du clapet que comporte l'embout, et d'un organe de jonction par emboîtement du tube à essai avec l'embout qui ménage un passage d'air entre eux. The device of the present invention is mainly recognizable in that it associates a valve tip which is manouvrable by a thrust member that comprises the test tube equipped with a cap. This cap is provided with means for breaking the cap, being slidably mounted on the test tube, the thrust member of the valve that comprises the tip, and a connecting member by interlocking the test tube. with the tip that cleans a passage of air between them.
Plus particulièrement, l'embout est un embout à clapet, le clapet étant manœuvrable entre une position escamotée et une position d'obturation. La position escamotée est une position d'autorisation d'un passage d'air à travers l'embout par poussée du clapet vers l'intérieur de la poche gonflable contre un siège de retenue que comporte l'embout. La position d'obturation est une position d'interdiction d'un passage d'air à travers l'embout par poussée du clapet contre un débouché de l'embout sur l'extérieur de la poche gonflable. Le tube à essai est équipé d'un organe de poussée du clapet vers l'intérieur de la poche gonflable, en situation d'assemblage entre le tube à essai et la poche gonflable, pour provoquer un déplacement du clapet en position escamotée en conséquence de la réception du tube à essai par l'embout. Les moyens de rupture d'au moins l'un des opercules, sinon des deux opercules, sont formés par un capuchon borgne qui coiffe l'extrémité correspondante du tube à essai. Cette extrémité correspondante est comprise comme étant l'extrémité du tube à essai fermée par l'opercule au moins. On comprendra que l'opercule au moins est notamment l'opercule dont est munie l'extrémité proximale du tube à essai qui est reçue par l'embout en situation d'assemblage entre le tube à essai et la poche gonflable. Pour simplifier la structure, la mise en œuvre et l'obtention à moindres coûts du dispositif de l'invention, les dispositions prévues pour le capuchon équipant l'extrémité proximale du tube à essai sont transposées à un capuchon équipant l'autre extrémité distale opposée du tube à essai. Les spécificités de l'agencement des moyens de rupture mis en œuvre sont en outre avantageusement exploitables pour l'un et l'autre des opercules. Il doit cependant être compris que selon l'invention, d'autres quelconques modalités de rupture de l'opercule dont est munie l'extrémité distale du tube à essai peuvent être prévues. Le capuchon est muni à son fond d'un organe de rupture de l'opercule et d'un conduit axial de passage d'air à son travers. Le capuchon est monté axialement mobile sur le tube à essai, entre une position initiale d'attente dans laquelle l'organe de rupture est placé à distance de l'opercule correspondant et une position d'essai dans laquelle cet opercule est rompu. More particularly, the nozzle is a valve tip, the valve being operable between a retracted position and a closed position. The retracted position is an authorization position of an air passage through the tip by pushing the valve towards the inside of the inflatable bag against a restraint seat that includes the tip. The closed position is a position of prohibition of an air passage through the tip pushing the valve against an outlet of the nozzle on the outside of the inflatable bag. The test tube is equipped with a thrust member of the valve towards the inside of the inflatable bag, when assembled between the test tube and the inflatable bag, to cause the valve to move in the retracted position as a result of the receipt of the test tube by the tip. The means of rupture of at least one of the lids, if not both lids, are formed by a blind cap which caps the corresponding end of the test tube. This corresponding end is understood to be the end of the test tube closed by the at least one cover. It will be understood that the at least one operculum is in particular the lid which is provided with the proximal end of the test tube which is received by the endpiece when assembled between the test tube and the inflatable bag. To simplify the structure, the implementation and the lowest cost of the device of the invention, the provisions provided for the cap equipping the proximal end of the test tube are transposed to a cap equipping the other distal end opposite test tube. The specific features of the arrangement of the breaking means used are further advantageously exploitable for one and the other of the lids. It should be understood, however, that according to the invention, any other modalities of rupture of the lid which is provided with the distal end of the test tube can be provided. The cap is provided at its bottom with a rupture member of the lid and an axial conduit for air passage therethrough. The cap is mounted axially movable on the test tube, between an initial waiting position in which the rupture member is placed at a distance from the corresponding cap and a test position in which this cap is broken.
Le capuchon, au moins pour celui équipant l'extrémité proximale du tube à essai, est muni d'une paroi latérale d'emboîtement axial sur l'embout qui forme l'organe de jonction, et d'un épaulement d'appui axial contre le clapet qui forme l'organe de poussée. Un tel épaulement est notamment formé par la face de bout borgne du capuchon. The cap, at least for that fitted to the proximal end of the test tube, is provided with an axial interlocking lateral wall on the endpiece which forms the connecting member, and an axial bearing shoulder against the valve which forms the pushing member. Such a shoulder is formed in particular by the blind end face of the cap.
L'organe de jonction, l'organe de poussée et l'organe de rupture correspondant sont regroupés sur le capuchon affecté à l'extrémité du tube à essai correspondante. Ce regroupement est susceptible d'être aisément réalisé par intégration de moulage au capuchon de l'organe de jonction, de l'organe de poussée et de l'organe de rupture. La structure du dispositif et les modalités à mettre en œuvre pour pratiquer l'essai sont simples. La structure du capuchon est potentiellement réduite à un manchon borgne comportant une paroi latérale avantageusement fine, souple et/ou déformable apte à prendre des appuis élastiques en interposition entre le tube à essai et l'embout. Une telle élasticité de la paroi latérale du capuchon favorise l'obtention d'une jonction étanche entre le tube à essai et l'embout, par interposition de cette paroi latérale entre eux. Le fond du capuchon est apte à former le dit épaulement, qui offre une surface optimisée d'appui contre le clapet pour son refoulement en position escamotée, et qui permet de limiter l'extension du conduit axial en. correspondance avec l'épaisseur du fond du capuchon, pour réduire les pertes de charge et éviter la formation de turbulences du flux d'air circulant entre la poche gonflable et le volume intérieur du tube à essai. L'air circule en flux laminaire sur un trajet court, ce qui est favorable à la pertinence, à la précision et à la fiabilité de l'essai effectué. The connecting member, the thrust member and the corresponding rupture member are grouped together on the cap assigned to the end of the corresponding test tube. This grouping is likely to be easily achieved by integration molding the cap of the junction member, the thrust member and the rupture member. The structure of the device and the modalities implement to practice the test are simple. The structure of the cap is potentially reduced to a blind sleeve having a sidewall advantageously thin, flexible and / or deformable adapted to take elastic supports interposed between the test tube and the tip. Such elasticity of the side wall of the cap promotes the obtaining of a sealing junction between the test tube and the tip, by interposing this side wall between them. The bottom of the cap is adapted to form the said shoulder, which provides an optimized bearing surface against the valve for its discharge in the retracted position, and which limits the extension of the axial duct. corresponding to the thickness of the bottom of the cap, to reduce the pressure drop and to avoid the formation of turbulence of the air flow circulating between the inflatable bag and the internal volume of the test tube. The air circulates in laminar flow over a short path, which is favorable to the relevance, precision and reliability of the test carried out.
Le dispositif peut être obtenu à moindres coûts et les modalités de son conditionnement sont strictement réduites au conditionnement d'un tube à essai de faible encombrement, axialement notamment, et à la poche gonflable hors de laquelle l'embout est susceptible d'émerger avec une extension axiale limitée; juste suffisante pour être embouchée par l'utilisateur. L'étanchéité de la jonction entre le tube à essai et la poche gonflable est favorisée en minimisant le nombre d'éléments qui sont interposés entre le volume intérieur du tube à essai et celui de l'embout, et en minimisant leur encombrement axial tant respectif qu'en situation d'assemblage entre le tube à essai et l'embout. The device can be obtained at lower cost and the modalities of its packaging are strictly reduced to the packaging of a test tube of small size, axially in particular, and to the inflatable bag out of which the tip is likely to emerge with a limited axial extension; just enough to be mouthed by the user. The tightness of the junction between the test tube and the inflatable bag is favored by minimizing the number of elements that are interposed between the internal volume of the test tube and that of the tip, and minimizing their respective axial dimensions in the assembly situation between the test tube and the tip.
La surface de prise d'appui axial du capuchon contre le clapet étant optimisée et l'extension axiale du conduit étant limitée à l'épaisseur du fond du capuchon, la paroi latérale peut être structurellement mince et déformablë pour réduire son coût d'obtention et pour favoriser l'étanchéité des jonctions respectivement entre le tube à essai et le capuchon et entre le capuchon et l'embout. De préférence, le tube à essai comporte un repère, par marquage notamment, de mise en position d'essai appropriée pour attester de la destruction adéquate de l'opercule. L'épaisseur du fond du capuchon est susceptible d'être rendue aisément supérieure à celle de la paroi latérale du capuchon, pour conforter la robustesse de l'organe de rupture qui est notamment intégré de moulage au fond du capuchon. L'extension axiale du conduit étant réduite à l'épaisseur du fond du capuchon, ) l'organe de rupture est exempt de charge pesante et peut être avantageusement agencé en lame tranchante, de conformation notamment circulaire apte à épouser la géométrie du débouché du tube à essai. L'utilisation d'une lame permet de provoquer la rupture par découpage de l'opercule plutôt que par déchirement, suivant un périmètre correspondant à la géométrie intérieure du tube à essai. Le bord du tube à essai est de préférence régulier et apte à coopérer avec la lame en formant avantageusement une contre lame. Une telle découpe favorise l'escamotage de l'opercule en position d'essai, évitant la formation d'une gêne au passage laminaire de l'air à travers le tube à essai. L'agencement de l'organe de rupture en lame permet de conférer à son tranchant une denture améliorant la qualité de la découpe régulière de l'opercule. The axial bearing surface of the cap against the valve being optimized and the axial extension of the conduit being limited to the thickness of the cap bottom, the side wall can be structurally thin and deformable to reduce its cost of obtaining and to promote the sealing of the junctions respectively between the test tube and the cap and between the cap and the tip. Preferably, the test tube comprises a marker, including marking, setting test position appropriate to attest to the proper destruction of the lid. The thickness of the bottom of the cap is likely to be made easily greater than that of the side wall of the cap, to reinforce the strength of the rupture member which is in particular integral molding at the bottom of the cap. The axial extension of the duct being reduced to the thickness of the bottom of the cap, the rupture member is free of heavy load and can advantageously be arranged as a cutting blade, of particular circular conformation adapted to match the geometry of the outlet of the tube. to test. The use of a blade makes it possible to cause rupture by cutting the lid rather than by tearing, according to a perimeter corresponding to the internal geometry of the test tube. The edge of the test tube is preferably regular and able to cooperate with the blade, advantageously forming a counter blade. Such cutting promotes the retraction of the cap in the test position, avoiding the formation of discomfort in the laminar passage of air through the test tube. The arrangement of the blade rupture member makes it possible to confer on its cutting edge a toothing improving the quality of the regular cutting of the lid.
Selon une forme avantageuse de réalisation, le capuchon intègre de moulage l'organe de jonction, l'organe de poussée et l'organe de rupture. La formation du capuchon est aisément réalisable à moindres coûts, et les modalités de mise en œuvre du dispositif sont simples en limitant le nombre d'éléments à manipuler. According to an advantageous embodiment, the cap integrally molds the junction member, the thrust member and the rupture member. The formation of the cap is easily feasible at lower costs, and the implementation of the device is simple by limiting the number of elements to handle.
L'organe de jonction est notamment formé par la paroi latérale extérieure du capuchon, qui enveloppe la paroi extérieure du tube à essai à son extrémité correspondante et qui est logeable, en situation d'assemblage entre le tube à essai et la poche gonflable, à l'intérieur d'une cage que comporte l'embout. Un épaulement axial de fin de course du tube à essai est ménagé à l'intérieur de l'embout en fond de cage. Le capuchon est structurellement réduit à une enceinte souple qui forme sa paroi extérieure et qui est fermée à l'une de ses extrémités par le fond du capuchon dans l'épaisseur duquel s'étend et est délimité le conduit axial de passage d'air. La souplesse de l'enceinte formée par le capuchon lui est conférée par la finesse de sa paroi et/ou à partir du matériau le constituant. Plus particulièrement, le capuchon est agencé en manchon borgne à paroi extérieure souple et déformable, qui coiffe élastiquement en contact étroit la paroi extérieure du tube à essai. La paroi latérale extérieure du capuchon comporte de préférence à sa face intérieure une butée de positionnement axial en position initiale du capuchon sur le tube à essai. Une telle butée est préférentiellement ménagée sensiblement en zone axialement médiane du capuchon. The junction member is formed in particular by the outer side wall of the cap, which surrounds the outer wall of the test tube at its corresponding end and which is accommodable, when assembled between the test tube and the inflatable bag, to the inside of a cage that includes the tip. An axial end-of-travel shoulder of the test tube is formed inside the end piece at the bottom of the cage. The cap is structurally reduced to a flexible enclosure which forms its outer wall and which is closed at one of its ends by the bottom of the cap in the thickness of which extends and is defined the axial duct air passage. The flexibility of the enclosure formed by the cap is conferred by the fineness of its wall and / or from the material constituting it. More particularly, the cap is arranged in a blind sleeve with flexible outer wall and deformable, which cap elastically in close contact with the outer wall of the test tube. The outer side wall of the cap preferably has on its inner face an axial positioning stop in the initial position of the cap on the test tube. Such an abutment is preferably formed substantially in axially median zone of the cap.
Selon une forme de réalisation, la paroi latérale extérieure du capuchon comporte à sa face intérieure des nervures de centrage et de prise d'appui élastique contre la paroi du tube à essai. According to one embodiment, the outer side wall of the cap has on its inner face centering ribs and resilient bearing against the wall of the test tube.
Les nervures de centrage sont de préférence réparties par jeux, dont un premier jeu de nervures pour faciliter l'installation et le centrage des capuchons sur le tube à essai et dont un jeu de nervures complémentaires pour guider le capuchon en mobilité dure sur le tube à essai entre la position initiale et la position d'essai. Plus particulièrement, un deuxième jeu de nervures associe les nervures du premier jeu et des dites nervures complémentaires qui durcissent la mobilité relative entre le tube à essai et le capuchon, pour gêner un éventuel déplacement spontané du capuchon postérieur à sa manœuvre en position d'essai. Les nervures de centrage et de prise d'appui élastique comprennent avantageusement le premier jeu de nervures qui s'étendent suivant la totalité de l'extension axiale de la face intérieure de la paroi latérale extérieure du capuchon, et les nervures complémentaires de durcissement de la mobilité relative entre le capuchon et le tube à essai, qui s'étendent axialement depuis le fond du capuchon jusqu'à la butée. Ces nervures de durcissement participent de la formation de la butée, en ce qu'elles créent un point de passage dur en coulissement du capuchon le long du tube à essai. Accessoirement, la formation de la butée par les nervures de durcissement est complétée par une surépaisseur localisée de la face intérieure de la paroi extérieure du capuchon, ménageant un bourrelet périphérique annulaire à extension indifféremment continue ou discontinue. Selon une forme de réalisation, la paroi latérale extérieure du capuchon comporte à sa face extérieure un organe annulaire d'étanchéité entre le capuchon et l'espace tubulaire de l'embout, en situation d'assemblage entre le tube à essai et la poche gonflable. Cet organe annulaire d'étanchéité agencé en lèvre ou analogue, est notamment formé d'une surépaisseur localisée de la paroi extérieure du capuchon, qui est apte à être logée à l'intérieur de l'espace tubulaire de l'embout et notamment de la cage. L'organe d'étanchéité est de préférence localisé à la base du capuchon opposée à son fond, en bordure du débouché qu'il comporte. L'embout est susceptible de comporter dans son espace tubulaire un logement spécifique de réception de l'organe d'étanchéité, pour conforter l'étanchéité obtenu entre le tube à essai et la poche gonflable assemblés l'un à l'autre. Selon une forme de réalisation de l'embout, celui-ci est agencé en fût à paroi mince autorisant sa déformation par réception de l'organe d'étanchéité à son débouché d'introduction du tube à essai. The centering ribs are preferably distributed in sets, including a first set of ribs to facilitate the installation and centering of the caps on the test tube and a set of complementary ribs to guide the hard mobility cap on the tube. test between the initial position and the test position. More particularly, a second set of ribs associates the ribs of the first set and said complementary ribs which harden the relative mobility between the test tube and the cap, to hinder a possible spontaneous movement of the rear cap to its maneuver in the test position. . The centering and resilient bearing ribs advantageously comprise the first set of ribs which extend along the entire axial extension of the inner face of the outer side wall of the cap, and the complementary ribs of hardening of the relative mobility between the cap and the test tube, which extend axially from the bottom of the cap to the stop. These hardening ribs participate in the formation of the stop, in that they create a hard passage point sliding the cap along the test tube. Incidentally, the formation of the abutment by the hardening ribs is completed by a localized extra thickness of the inner face of the outer wall of the cap, leaving an annular peripheral bead with indifferently continuous or discontinuous extension. According to one embodiment, the outer side wall of the cap has on its outer face an annular sealing member between the cap and the tubular space of the nozzle, in the assembly situation between the test tube and the inflatable bag. . This annular sealing member arranged in lip or the like, is formed in particular of a localized excess thickness of the outer wall of the cap, which is adapted to be housed inside the tubular space of the endpiece and in particular of the cage. The sealing member is preferably located at the base of the cap opposite its bottom, at the edge of the outlet that it comprises. The tip is likely to include in its tubular space a specific housing for receiving the sealing member, to reinforce the seal obtained between the test tube and the inflatable bag assembled to one another. According to one embodiment of the nozzle, the latter is arranged in thin-walled barrel allowing its deformation by receiving the sealing member at its opening introduction of the test tube.
Selon une forme préférée de réalisation, le conduit axial de passage d'air est ménagé dans l'épaisseur du fond du capuchon. On comprendra que l'extension axiale du conduit est avantageusement limitée à l'épaisseur du fond du capuchon pour restreindre son extension axiale. Une telle restriction d'extension vise notamment à favoriser le passage aéraulique de l'air entre la poche gonflable et le volume intérieur du tube à essai, et à éviter au capuchon d'avoir à supporter la charge pesante d'un conduit spécifique annexe susceptible de porter atteinte à la faculté offerte de conférer à la paroi latérale extérieure du capuchon une souplesse à partir de l'affaiblissement de son épaisseur. Un débordement du conduit hors du capuchon étant évité, le fond du capuchon peut être avantageusement exploité pour former l'organe de poussée. Plus particulièrement, l'organe de poussée est avantageusement formé par la paroi de bout borgne du capuchon formant son fond, qui prend axialement appui à sa face extérieure contre le clapet en situation d'assemblage entre le tube à essai et la poche gonflable. Accessoirement, le clapet comporte des saillies, telles qu'agencées en ergot ou organes d'appui analogue, qui sont ménagées à sa face en regard sur le fond du capuchon en position d'assemblage entre le tube à essai et la poche gonflable. De telles dispositions visent à éviter une obturation du conduit par le clapet lorsque le capuchon est installé à l'intérieur de l'embout. According to a preferred embodiment, the axial duct for air passage is formed in the thickness of the bottom of the cap. It will be understood that the axial extension of the duct is advantageously limited to the thickness of the bottom of the cap to restrict its axial extension. Such a restriction of extension aims in particular to promote the air passage of air between the inflatable bag and the internal volume of the test tube, and to prevent the cap from having to withstand the heavy load of a specific specific duct to impair the ability to give the outer side wall of the cap a flexibility from the weakening of its thickness. An overflow of the conduit out of the cap being avoided, the bottom of the cap can be advantageously exploited to form the thrust member. More particularly, the thrust member is advantageously formed by the blind end wall of the cap forming its bottom, which axially bears against its outer face against the valve in the assembly situation between the test tube and the inflatable bag. Incidentally, the valve has projections, such as arranged in pin or similar support members, which are formed at its opposite side on the bottom of the cap in the assembly position between the test tube and the inflatable bag. Such provisions are intended to prevent clogging of the duct by the valve when the cap is installed inside the nozzle.
Selon une forme avantageuse de réalisation de l'organe de rupture, celui-ci est agencé en lame tranchante, notamment conformée en couronne, de géométrie radiale correspondante à celle du débouché du tube à essai qui forme une contre lame. Le tranchant de la lame comporte de préférence une denture pour procurer une découpe progressive de l'opercule, favorisant sa rupture et son escamotage. La lame comporte de préférence des nervures au moins axiales de renfort, qui s'étendent le cas échéant jusqu'en pointe de denture. L'embout comporte encore avantageusement un couloir de guidage du clapet, qui est formé entre des rampes axiales ménageant entre elles le siège de retenue du clapet en position escamotée et un canal de circulation d'air à travers l'embout en position escamotée. La présente invention a aussi pour objet un tube à essai que comprend un dispositif chimique d'analyse de l'haleine tel qu'il vient d'être décrit. Ce tube à essai est équipé d'au moins un organe de rupture d'un opercule de fermeture de l'un de ses débouchés, notamment le débouché de l'extrémité proximale du tube à essai. L'extrémité proximale du tube à essai est son extrémité agencée pour sa mise en coopération avec un embout équipant une poche gonflable pour leur jonction l'un à l'autre. Les débouchés du tube à essai étant fermés par un opercule, un dit capuchon est avantageusement équipé d'un organe de rupture de l'opercule qui lui est affecté. L'organe de rupture est monté axialement mobile à l'extrémité correspondante du tube à essai, notamment par l'intermédiaire du capuchon qui le porte et qui coiffe l'extrémité correspondante du tube à essai. L'organe de rupture est agencé en lame tranchante notamment conformée en couronne et de préférence munie d'une denture, qui est de géométrie radiale correspondante avec celle du bord du débouché du tube à essai muni de l'opercule, qui forme une contre lame. Plus spécifiquement, la lame tranchante étant portée par un dit capuchon monté axialement mobile en bout correspondant du tube à essai, le tube à essai comporte avantageusement des deuxièmes marques de repérage de mise adéquate du capuchon en position d'essai. According to an advantageous embodiment of the rupture member, it is arranged as a cutting blade, in particular shaped as a ring, of radial geometry corresponding to that of the outlet of the test tube which forms a counter blade. The cutting edge of the blade preferably has a toothing to provide a progressive cut of the lid, promoting its rupture and retraction. The blade preferably comprises at least axial ribs of reinforcement, which extend as far as the tooth tip. The nozzle further advantageously comprises a guide passage of the valve, which is formed between axial ramps between them the valve retaining seat in the retracted position and an air flow channel through the nozzle in the retracted position. The present invention also relates to a test tube that comprises a chemical device for breath analysis as just described. This test tube is equipped with at least one rupture member of a closing cap of one of its outlets, in particular the outlet of the proximal end of the test tube. The proximal end of the test tube is its end arranged for its cooperation with a tip equipping an inflatable bag for joining them to each other. The outlets of the test tube being closed by a lid, a said cap is advantageously equipped with a rupture member of the operculum which is assigned to it. The rupture member is mounted axially movable to the corresponding end of the test tube, in particular via the cap which carries it and which caps the corresponding end of the test tube. The rupture member is arranged as a cutting blade, in particular shaped as a ring and preferably provided with a set of teeth, which is of radial geometry. corresponding with that of the edge of the outlet of the test tube provided with the lid, which forms a counter blade. More specifically, the cutting blade being carried by a said axially movable end cap corresponding to the corresponding end of the test tube, the test tube advantageously comprises second locating marks of adequate setting of the cap in the test position.
Description des figures. Description of the figures.
Un exemple de réalisation de la présente invention va être décrit en relation avec les figures des planches annexées, dans lesquelles : An exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described in connection with the figures of the attached plates, in which:
La fig.1 est une illustration en coupe axiale d'un dispositif de la présente invention, associant un tube à essai avec un embout équipant une poche gonflable, des sections transversales du tube à essai et de l'embout étant localement représentées.  Fig.1 is an axial sectional illustration of a device of the present invention, associating a test tube with a nozzle equipping an inflatable bag, cross sections of the test tube and the nozzle being locally shown.
La fig.2 est une illustration en coupe axiale d'un embout représenté sur la fig.1 en situation de remplissage de la poche gonflable, dans laquelle un clapet qu'il comporte est en position escamotée pour autoriser un passage d'air à travers l'embout. FIG. 2 is an axial sectional illustration of a nozzle shown in FIG. 1 in the situation of filling of the inflatable bag, in which a valve that it comprises is in the retracted position to allow an air passage to be passed through. the mouthpiece.
La fig.3 est une illustration en coupe axiale d'un dispositif représenté sur la fig.1 , dans laquelle le clapet que comporte l'embout est en position d'obturation interdisant un passage d'air à travers l'embout, et dans laquelle le tube à essai est en situation d'utilisation, des opercules de fermeture de ses débouchés étant rompus.  FIG. 3 is an axial sectional illustration of a device shown in FIG. 1, in which the valve that the nozzle has is in the closed position, preventing an air passage through the nozzle, and in FIG. which the test tube is in use, closure caps of its outlets being broken.
La fig.4 est une illustration en coupe axiale d'un dispositif représenté sur la fig.1 , dans laquelle le tube à essai et l'embout sont assemblés l'un à l'autre.  Fig.4 is an axial sectional illustration of a device shown in Fig.1, wherein the test tube and the tip are assembled to one another.
Sur la fig.1 , un dispositif chimique d'analyse de l'haleine associe un tube à essai 1 transparent et une poche gonflage 2 munie d'un embout 3 à clapet 4 de réception du tube à essai 1. Ce dispositif est plus particulièrement un éthylotest, dont la fonction est de témoigner du taux d'alcool présent dans l'haleine d'un utilisateur. Pour sa misé en œuvre, l'utilisateur remplit la poche gonflable 2 en insufflant de l'air à travers l'embout 3, tel qu'illustré sur la fig.2. Le tube à essai 1 est préparé, tel qu'illustré sur la fig.3, en dégageant ses débouchés qui sont obturés par des opercules 5 dans l'attente de son utilisation. La poche gonflable 2 étant remplie, tel qu'illustré sur la fig.3, le tube à essai 1 préparé est installé sur l'embout 3 par son extrémité proximale pour effectuer l'analyse de l'air contenu dans la poche gonflable 2, tel qu'illustré sur la fig.4. Un opérateur provoque la vidange forcée par compression de la poche gonflable 2, pour chasser l'air qu'elle contient à travers l'embout 3 et l'évacuer vers le tube à essai 1. L'air traverse le tube à essai 1 pour permettre d'analyser l'haleine de l'utilisateur et d'évaluer le taux d'alcool qu'il contient. In FIG. 1, a chemical device for analyzing the breath associates a transparent test tube 1 and an inflation bag 2 provided with a tip 3 with a flap 4 for receiving the test tube 1. This device is more particularly an alcohol test, the function of which is to show the level of alcohol present in the breath of a user. For its implementation, the user fills the air bag 2 by blowing air through the nozzle 3, as shown in Fig.2. The test tube 1 is prepared, as illustrated in FIG. 3, by disengaging its outlets which are closed by lids 5 while waiting for its use. The inflatable bag 2 being filled, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the test tube 1 prepared is installed on the tip 3 by its proximal end to carry out the analysis of the air contained in the inflatable bag 2, as shown in fig.4. An operator causes the compression forced emptying of the inflatable bag 2, to expel the air that it contains through the nozzle 3 and to evacuate it to the test tube 1. The air passes through the test tube 1 for to analyze the breath of the user and to evaluate the alcohol content.
Le tube à essai 1 est formé à partir d'un matériau transparent, tel que le verre réputé être un matériau chimiquement neutre pour effectuer des analyses biologiques. Le tube à essai 1 loge dans sa zone médiane un substrat 6 perméable à l'air notamment formé d'un granulat, qui est retenu dans un volume dédié du tube à essai 1 au moyen de tamis 7 respectivement disposés de part et d'autre du substrat 6. Sur l'exemple de réalisation illustré, ces tamis 7 sont agencés en simples grilles, mais d'autres formes de réalisation des tamis 7 sont susceptibles d'être mises en œuvre. Le substrat 6 est imprégné d'un agent réactif destiné à induire une modification progressivement axiale de sa couleur, en fonction du taux d'alcool contenu dans l'air qui traverse le tube à essai 1. Une première marque 8 ménagée sur le tube à essai 1 forme un repère d'un seuil d'alcool détecté, un tel seuil étant notamment un seuil réglementaire ne devant pas être dépassé pour un conducteur de véhicule. Le substrat 6 imprégné de l'agent réactif doit être préservé de l'environnement extérieur dans l'attente de l'utilisation du dispositif, et les débouchés du tube à essai 1 sont fermés par les opercules 5. Pour faciliter le retrait extemporané de ces opercules 5, le tube à essai 1 est muni d'organes de rupture 9 portés par des capuchons 10, qui sont montés axialement mobiles aux extrémités du tube à essai 1 , entre une position initiale d'attente illustrée sur la fig.1 , dans laquelle l'organe de rupture 9 est placé à distance de l'opercule 5 correspondant, et une position d'essai dans laquelle cet opercule 5 est rompu tel qu'illustré sur les fig.3 et fig.4. Le tube à essai 1 comporte des deuxièmes marques 1 1 pour repérer la mise adéquate des capuchons 10 en position d'essai. The test tube 1 is formed from a transparent material, such as glass deemed to be a chemically neutral material for performing biological analyzes. The test tube 1 houses in its median zone an air permeable substrate 6 formed in particular of a granulate, which is retained in a dedicated volume of the test tube 1 by means of sieves 7 respectively arranged on either side. of the substrate 6. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated, these screens 7 are arranged in simple grids, but other embodiments of the screens 7 are capable of being implemented. The substrate 6 is impregnated with a reactive agent intended to induce a progressively axial change in its color, as a function of the level of alcohol contained in the air which passes through the test tube 1. A first mark 8 formed on the test tube test 1 forms a benchmark of a detected alcohol threshold, such a threshold being in particular a regulatory threshold that must not be exceeded for a vehicle driver. The substrate 6 impregnated with the reagent must be preserved from the external environment while waiting for the use of the device, and the outlets of the test tube 1 are closed by the lids 5. To facilitate the extemporaneous removal of these 5, the test tube 1 is provided with rupture members 9 carried by caps 10, which are mounted axially movable at the ends of the test tube 1, between an initial waiting position illustrated in FIG. which the rupture member 9 is placed at a distance from the corresponding cap 5, and a test position in which this cap 5 is broken as illustrated in Fig.3 and Fig.4. Test tube 1 comprises second marks 1 1 to identify the proper placing of the caps 10 in the test position.
I  I
Une particularité de la présente invention réside dans l'organisation des capuchons 10 et dans les modalités de mise en coopération entre l'embout 3 et le capuchon 10 proximal équipant l'extrémité proximale du tube à essai 1. Cette particularité est appliquée au moins pour le capuchon 10 proximal, mais de préférence aussi pour l'autre capuchon 10 distal équipant l'extrémité opposée distale du tube à essai 1 , pour faciliter la manipulation du tube à essai 1 par rupture conjointe des deux opercules 5, et pour simplifier la structure du dispositif et son obtention à moindres coûts en exploitant deux capuchons 10 identiques.  A particularity of the present invention resides in the organization of the caps 10 and in the methods of putting the tip 3 into contact with the proximal cap 10 equipping the proximal end of the test tube 1. This feature is applied at least for the proximal cap, but preferably also for the other distal cap equipping the distal opposite end of the test tube 1, to facilitate the handling of the test tube 1 by joint rupture of the two caps 5, and to simplify the structure the device and its obtaining at lower costs by using two identical caps 10.
Selon cette particularité, les capuchons 0 sont agencés en manchon borgne qui intègrent de moulage non seulement l'organe de rupture 5, mais aussi un organe de poussée 12 du clapet 4 et un organe de jonction 13 par emboîtement du tube à essai 1 avec l'embout 3, qui autorise un passage d'air entre eux. According to this feature, the caps 0 are arranged in a blind sleeve which incorporate molding not only the rupture member 5, but also a thrust member 12 of the valve 4 and a junction member 13 by interlocking the test tube 1 with the tip 3, which allows an air passage between them.
L'organe de jonction est formé par la paroi latérale extérieure 13 du capuchon 10, un conduit 14 de passage d'air étant ménagé dans l'épaisseur de son fond. La paroi latérale extérieure 13 du capuchon 10 est de conformation correspondante à une cage tubulaire 15 que comporte l'embout 3, pour assembler par emboîtement le capuchon 10 à l'intérieur de l'embout 3. La paroi latérale extérieure 13 du capuchon 10 est de faible épaisseur en étant élastiquement déformable. Cette déformabilité permet de ménager à la base du capuchon 10 opposée à son fond un organe annulaire d'étanchéité 16 qui est élastiquement déformable par compression entre l'embout 3 et le tube à essai 1 emboîtés l'un à l'autre, tel qu'illustré sur la fig.4. La mise en compression de l'organe annulaire d'étanchéité 16 permet d'interdire une éventuelle échappée d'air entre l'embout 3 et le tube à essai 1 lors de la vidange de la poche gonflable 2. La déformabilité de la paroi latérale extérieure 13 du capuchon 10 est aussi exploitéé pour l'assemblage par emboîtement entre le capuchon 10 et le tube à essai 1 , en vue d'interdire un retrait spontané du capuchon 10. La paroi latérale extérieure 13 du capuchon 10 enveloppe étroitement la paroi du tube à essai 1 , pour enserrer son extrémité correspondante. Pour ne pas affecter la mobilité en coulissement axial du capuchon 10 sur le tube à essai 1 , des nervures 17 de centrage et de guidage sont ménagées sur la face intérieure de la paroi latérale extérieure 13 du capuchon 10. L'espace ménagé entre le tube à essai 1 et la paroi latérale extérieure 13 du capuchon favorise sa déformation et l'aisance d'installation des capuchons 10 sur le tube à essai 1. Le capuchon est positionné en position initiale d'attente par une butée axiale 18 ménagée sur la face intérieure de la paroi latérale extérieure 13 du capuchon 10. Cette butée axiale 18 est formée à partir du bout libre d'un jeu de nervures supplémentaires 19, qui s'étendent depuis leur bout en prise sur le fond du capuchon 10 jusqu'à la position de butée souhaitée. The connecting member is formed by the outer side wall 13 of the cap 10, an air passage duct 14 being formed in the thickness of its bottom. The outer lateral wall 13 of the cap 10 is of corresponding conformation to a tubular cage 15 that comprises the endpiece 3, for fitting by fitting the cap 10 inside the mouthpiece 3. The outer lateral wall 13 of the cap 10 is thin in being elastically deformable. This deformability makes it possible to provide at the base of the cap 10 opposite its bottom an annular sealing member 16 which is elastically deformable by compression between the endpiece 3 and the test tube 1 nested to each other, such that shown in fig.4. The compression of the annular sealing member 16 prevents a possible escape of air between the nozzle 3 and the test tube 1 during the emptying of the inflatable bag 2. The deformability of the side wall 13 of the cap 10 is also used for the assembly by interlocking between the cap 10 and the test tube 1, to prohibit a spontaneous withdrawal of the cap 10. The outer side wall 13 of the cap 10 tightly encloses the wall of the test tube 1, to enclose its corresponding end. In order not to affect the mobility in axial sliding of the cap 10 on the test tube 1, centering and guiding ribs 17 are provided on the inside face of the outer lateral wall 13 of the cap 10. The space provided between the tube 1 and the outer side wall 13 of the cap promotes its deformation and the ease of installation of the caps 10 on the test tube 1. The cap is positioned in the initial position of waiting by an axial stop 18 formed on the face This axial abutment 18 is formed from the free end of a set of additional ribs 19 which extend from their end in engagement with the bottom of the cap 10 to the end of the end cap. desired stop position.
L'organe de poussée du clapet est formé par la face de bout extérieure du fond 12 du capuchon. En position d'emboîtement telle qu'illustrée sur la fig.4, le capuchon 10 est introduit à l'intérieur de la cage tubulaire 15 de l'embout 3, jusqu'à mise en application de son fond contre un épaulement axial 20 de fin de course que comporte l'embout 3. Le fond 12 du capuchon 10 pousse le clapet 4 vers l'intérieur de la poche gonflable 2, jusqu'à sa mise en butée contre un siège 21 ménagé en fond de l'embout 3. Le clapet 4 comporte des ergots 27 qui sont ménagés à sa face de bout en regard sur le fond 12 du capuchon, pour ménager un espace entre eux lorsque le capuchon 10 est installé à l'intérieur de l'embout 3. Un tel espace permet d'éviter que la face de bout du clapet 4 obture le conduit 14 et fasse obstacle au passage de l'air depuis la poche gonflable 2 vers le tube à essai . Le clapet 4 est guidé à l'intérieur d'un couloir de guidage que comporte l'embout 3 et qui est formé par des rampes axiales 22, dont les extrémités distales ménagent le siège 21 d'application du clapet 4 en position escamotée. La conformation du siège 21 est de préférence axialement évasée pour éviter un double positionnement entre la fin de course du clapet 4 et la fin de course du fond 12 du capuchon 10, et pour procurer un maintien idoine du clapet 4 en fond de l'embout 3 lorsque l'air est insufflé à l'intérieur de la poche gonflable 2. Les rampes 22 ménagent entre elles un canal de circulation d'air 23 à travers l'embout en position escamotée du clapet 4, pour autoriser le remplissage de la poche gonflable 2 par manœuvre du clapet 4 vers le siège 21 sous l'effet de la poussée exercée par l'air insufflé, tel qu'illustré sur la fig.2, ou sa vidange par poussée du clapet 4 avec le fond 12 du capuchon, tel que représenté sur la fig.4. Une autre particularité de la présente invention réside dans l'organisation de l'organe de rupture 9 en lame tranchante de découpage des opercules 5. Un tel découpage des opercules favorise une circulation d'air homogène et laminaire à l'intérieur du tube à essai 1 . Les opercules 5 découpés sont susceptibles d'être plaqués contre la paroi du tube à essai 1 , en limitant leur surface d'exposition au flux d'air susceptible de former un obstacle à la circulation d'air. Le tranchant de la lame 9 est de préférence à denture 24 pour favoriser une découpe régulière des opercules 5. La lame 9 est conformée en couronne, de géométrie notamment circulaire, correspondante à la géométrie des bords des débouchés du tube à essai 1 qui forment contre lame 26. Des nervures de renfort 25 sont ménagées sur la lame 9, pour éviter son fléchissement qui est susceptible d'être provoqué en raison de sa minceur générale correspondante à l'épaisseur de son tranchant. The thrust member of the valve is formed by the outer end face of the bottom 12 of the cap. In the interlocking position as illustrated in FIG. 4, the cap 10 is introduced inside the tubular cage 15 of the end piece 3, until its bottom is placed against an axial shoulder 20 of end of stroke that comprises the tip 3. The bottom 12 of the cap 10 pushes the valve 4 to the inside of the inflatable bag 2, until it abuts against a seat 21 formed at the bottom of the nozzle 3. The valve 4 comprises lugs 27 which are formed at its opposite end face on the bottom 12 of the cap, to provide a space between them when the cap 10 is installed inside the nozzle 3. Such a space allows to prevent the end face of the valve 4 closes the conduit 14 and prevents the passage of air from the inflatable bag 2 to the test tube. The valve 4 is guided inside a guide corridor that comprises the nozzle 3 and which is formed by axial ramps 22, the distal ends of which form the seat 21 for applying the valve 4 in the retracted position. The conformation of the seat 21 is preferably axially flared to avoid double positioning between the end of travel of the valve 4 and the end of travel of the bottom 12 of the cap 10, and to provide adequate support of the valve 4 at the bottom of the endpiece 3 when the air is blown inside the inflatable bag 2. The ramps 22 provide between them an air flow channel 23 through the nozzle in the retracted position of the valve 4, to allow the filling of the pocket inflatable 2 by operation of the valve 4 to the seat 21 under the effect of the thrust exerted by the air blown, as shown in Fig.2, or its emptying by pushing the valve 4 with the bottom 12 of the cap, as shown in fig.4. Another particularity of the present invention resides in the organization of the rupture member 9 in the cutting blade of the lids 5. Such cutting of the lids promotes a homogeneous and laminar flow of air inside the test tube. 1. The cut lids 5 may be pressed against the wall of the test tube 1, limiting their exposure surface to the air flow likely to form an obstacle to the flow of air. The cutting edge of the blade 9 is preferably toothed 24 to promote regular cutting of the lids 5. The blade 9 is shaped as a ring, of particular circular geometry, corresponding to the geometry of the edges of the outlets of the test tube 1 which form against blade 26. Reinforcing ribs 25 are provided on the blade 9, to prevent it from sagging which is likely to be caused due to its overall thinness corresponding to the thickness of its cutting edge.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. - Dispositif chimique d'analyse de l'haleine associant un tube à essai (1 ) transparent qui coopère avec une poche gonflable (2) et qui contient un substrat (6) imprégné d'un agent réactif à une substance recherchée dans l'haleine, les extrémités du tube à essai (1) étant obturées par des opercules (5) qui leur sont respectivement affectés et le dispositif comportant des moyens de rupture de ces opercules (5), la poche gonflable (2) étant munie d'un embout (3) tubulaire de réception d'un organe de jonction dont est équipé le tube à essai (1 ) à l'une de ses extrémités et qui ménage un passage d'air entre l'embout (3) et le volume intérieur du tube à essai (1), caractérisé en ce que : 1. - A chemical device for breath analysis associating a transparent test tube (1) which cooperates with an inflatable bag (2) and which contains a substrate (6) impregnated with a reagent with a desired substance in the , the ends of the test tube (1) being closed by lids (5) which are respectively assigned to them and the device comprising means for breaking these lids (5), the inflatable bag (2) being provided with a tube (3) for receiving a junction member which is equipped with the test tube (1) at one of its ends and which provides a passage of air between the tip (3) and the inner volume of the test tube (1), characterized in that:
*) l'embout (3) est un embout à clapet (4) et le tube à essai (1 ) est équipé d'un organe de poussée (12) du clapet (4) vers l'intérieur de la poche gonflable (2),  *) the tip (3) is a flapper tip (4) and the test tube (1) is equipped with a thrust member (12) of the valve (4) towards the inside of the inflatable pocket (2) )
*) les moyens de rupture d'au moins l'un des opercules (5), sinon des deux opercules (5), sont formés par un capuchon (10) borgne qui coiffe l'extrémité correspondante du tube à essai (1 ), qui est muni à son fond d'un organe de rupture (9) de l'opercule (5) et d'un conduit (14) axial de passage d'air à son travers, et qui est monté axialement mobile sur le tube à essai (1 ), et * ) the breaking means of at least one of the lids (5), if not the two lids (5), are formed by a blind cap (10) which caps the corresponding end of the test tube (1), which is provided at its bottom with a rupture member (9) of the cover (5) and an axial duct (14) for air passage therethrough, and which is mounted axially movable on the tube to test (1), and
*) le capuchon (10) est muni d'une paroi latérale d'emboîtement axial sur l'embout (3) qui forme l'organe de jonction (13), et d'un épaulement d'appui axial contre le clapet (4) qui forme l'organe de poussée (12).  *) the cap (10) is provided with an axial interlocking side wall on the tip (3) which forms the connecting member (13), and an axial bearing shoulder against the valve (4). ) which forms the thrust member (12).
2. - Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de jonction est formé par la paroi latérale extérieure (13) du capuchon (10), qui enveloppe la paroi extérieure du tube à essai (1 ) et qui est logeable à l'intérieur d'une cage (15) que comporte l'embout (3), un épaulement axial (20) de fin de course du tube à essai (1 ) étant ménagé à l'intérieur de l'embout (3) en fond de cage (15). Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le capuchon (10) est agencé en manchon borgne à paroi extérieure (13) souple et déformable, qui coiffe élastiquement en contact étroit la paroi extérieure du tube à essai2. - Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting member is formed by the outer side wall (13) of the cap (10), which surrounds the outer wall of the test tube (1) and which is housed inside a cage (15) that comprises the tip (3), an axial shoulder (20) end of travel of the test tube (1) being formed inside the endpiece (3) at the bottom of the cage (15). Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the cap (10) is arranged as a flexible and deformable outer wall sleeve (13) which resiliently closes in close contact with the outer wall of the test tube.
(1 )- (1) -
Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 et 3, caractérisé en ce que la paroi latérale extérieure (13) du capuchon (10) comporte à sa face intérieure une butée (18) de positionnement axial en position initiale du capuchon (10) sur le tube à essai (1). Device according to any one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the outer side wall (13) of the cap (10) has on its inner face a stop (18) for axial positioning in the initial position of the cap (10) on the test tube (1).
Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la paroi latérale extérieure (13) du capuchon (10) comporte à sa face intérieure des nervures (17,9) de centrage et de prise d'appui élastique contre la paroi du tube à essai (1 ). Device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the outer side wall (13) of the cap (10) has on its inner face ribs (17,9) for centering and resilient bearing against the wall of the test tube (1).
Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la paroi latérale extérieure (13) du capuchon (10) comporte à sa face extérieure un organe annulaire d'étanchéité (16) entre le capuchon (10) et l'espace tubulaire de l'embout (3). Device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the outer side wall (13) of the cap (10) has on its outer face an annular sealing member (16) between the cap (10) and the tubular space of the mouthpiece (3).
Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le conduit (14) axial de passage d'air est ménagé dans l'épaisseur du fond du capuchon (10), l'organe de poussée (12) étant formé par le fond du capuchon (10) qui prend axialement appui à sa face extérieure contre le clapet (4). Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axial duct (14) for air passage is formed in the thickness of the bottom of the cap (10), the thrust member (12) being formed by the bottom of the cap (10) which bears axially against its outer face against the valve (4).
Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de rupture (9) est agencé en lame tranchante de géométrie radiale correspondante au bord du débouché du tube à essai, (1 ) qui forme une contre lame (26). Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rupture member (9) is arranged as a cutting blade of corresponding radial geometry at the edge of the opening of the test tube, (1) which forms a counter blade (26). ).
9. - Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le tranchant de la lame (9) comporte une denture (24). 9. - Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the cutting edge of the blade (9) has a toothing (24).
10. - Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 et 9, caractérisé en ce que la lame (9) comporte des nervures (25) au moins axiales de renfort, qui s'étendent le cas échéant jusqu'en pointe de denture (24). 10. - Device according to any one of claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the blade (9) comprises ribs (25) at least axial reinforcement, which extend if necessary up to the tooth tip ( 24).
11. - Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'embout (3) comporte un couloir de guidage du clapet (4) qui est formé entre des rampes axiales (22) ménageant entre elles un11. - Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tip (3) comprises a guide passage of the valve (4) which is formed between axial ramps (22) between them a
• siège (21) de retenue du clapet (4) en position escamotée et un canal (23) de circulation d'air à travers l'embout (3). • seat (21) for retaining the valve (4) in the retracted position and a channel (23) of air circulation through the nozzle (3).
12. - Tube à essai (1) que comprend un dispositif chimique d'analyse de l'haleine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de rupture est monté axialement mobile sur le tube à essai (1 ) et est agencé en lame tranchante (9) de géométrie radiale correspondante avec celle du bord du débouché du tube à essai (1 ) muni de l'opercule, qui forme une contre lame (26). 12. - Test tube (1) that comprises a chemical device for breath analysis according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rupture member is mounted axially movable on the test tube (1). ) and is arranged as a cutting blade (9) of corresponding radial geometry with that of the edge of the outlet of the test tube (1) provided with the lid, which forms a counter blade (26).
13. - Tube à essai (1) selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce la lame tranchante (9) étant portée par le capuchon (10) qui est monté axialement mobile en bout du tube à essai (1 ), le tube à essai (1 ) comporte des deuxièmes marques (11) de repérage de mise adéquate du capuchon (10) en position d'essai. 13. - Test tube (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the cutting blade (9) being carried by the cap (10) which is mounted axially movable at the end of the test tube (1), the test tube (1) has second markings (11) for properly locating the cap (10) in the test position.
EP12717334.2A 2011-03-16 2012-03-15 Alcohol-detecting chemical breath analyzer combining a test tube and an inflatable bag Withdrawn EP2686679A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1100798A FR2972804A1 (en) 2011-03-16 2011-03-16 Chemical analysis device for chemical analysis of breath of user for detecting presence of alcohol in breath, has cap with lateral wall axially fitted at end of test tube, and shoulder bearing axially against valve that closes thrust member
MC2577A MC200144A1 (en) 2011-03-16 2011-03-25 Chemical device for breath analysis for the detection of alcohol, combining a test tube and an inflatable bag
PCT/FR2012/000092 WO2012123653A1 (en) 2011-03-16 2012-03-15 Alcohol-detecting chemical breath analyzer combining a test tube and an inflatable bag

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EP2686679A1 true EP2686679A1 (en) 2014-01-22

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EP12717334.2A Withdrawn EP2686679A1 (en) 2011-03-16 2012-03-15 Alcohol-detecting chemical breath analyzer combining a test tube and an inflatable bag

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US (1) US20140024130A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2686679A1 (en)
CN (1) CN102680641A (en)
BR (1) BR112013023728A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2830317A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2972804A1 (en)
MC (1) MC200144A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012123653A1 (en)

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CN102944685A (en) * 2012-11-14 2013-02-27 湖南省浏阳市医用仪具厂 Disposable human body alcohol tester
CN103033507A (en) * 2012-12-17 2013-04-10 郑州炜盛电子科技有限公司 Expiratory alcohol concentration test device for human body
FR3000217A1 (en) * 2012-12-24 2014-06-27 Ethylem Device for testing blood alcohol content of individual, has transparent tube fixedly attached at pocket such that part of tube is communicated with interior part of pocket, and remaining part communicated with outside of pocket
FR3001293B1 (en) * 2013-01-24 2015-01-30 Joubert Productions ELEMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A DEVICE FOR EVALUATING THE ALCOHOL RATE IN THE AIR EXHIBITS BY AN INDIVIDUAL
US9897620B2 (en) * 2015-01-16 2018-02-20 Htc Corporation Gas detection device and gas inlet module thereof
JP6726403B2 (en) * 2015-08-31 2020-07-22 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Surface-coated cutting tool with excellent hard coating layer and chipping resistance
GB2548122B (en) * 2016-03-08 2018-09-12 Univ Of Northumbria At Newcastle Exhaled breath condensate collection device and a kit of parts therefor
JP6973699B2 (en) * 2016-04-14 2021-12-01 住友電工ハードメタル株式会社 Surface coating cutting tool and its manufacturing method

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US20140024130A1 (en) 2014-01-23
CN102680641A (en) 2012-09-19
MC200144A1 (en) 2012-10-12
BR112013023728A2 (en) 2016-12-13
FR2972804A1 (en) 2012-09-21
CA2830317A1 (en) 2012-09-20
WO2012123653A1 (en) 2012-09-20

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