EP2683947A1 - High pressure hydrogen gas compressor - Google Patents

High pressure hydrogen gas compressor

Info

Publication number
EP2683947A1
EP2683947A1 EP12704535.9A EP12704535A EP2683947A1 EP 2683947 A1 EP2683947 A1 EP 2683947A1 EP 12704535 A EP12704535 A EP 12704535A EP 2683947 A1 EP2683947 A1 EP 2683947A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
pressure vessel
fluid
pressure
inlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12704535.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Amitava Roy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RE Hydrogen Ltd
Original Assignee
RE Hydrogen Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RE Hydrogen Ltd filed Critical RE Hydrogen Ltd
Publication of EP2683947A1 publication Critical patent/EP2683947A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04FPUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F13/00Pressure exchangers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/02Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/08Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
    • F04B9/10Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid
    • F04B9/103Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having only one pumping chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B37/00Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00
    • F04B37/10Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use
    • F04B37/12Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use to obtain high pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0005Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons
    • F04B39/0011Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons liquid pistons
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B45/00Pumps or pumping installations having flexible working members and specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B45/00Pumps or pumping installations having flexible working members and specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B45/04Pumps or pumping installations having flexible working members and specially adapted for elastic fluids having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • F04B45/053Pumps having fluid drive
    • F04B45/0536Pumps having fluid drive the actuating fluid being controlled by one or more valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B45/00Pumps or pumping installations having flexible working members and specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B45/06Pumps or pumping installations having flexible working members and specially adapted for elastic fluids having tubular flexible members
    • F04B45/073Pumps having fluid drive
    • F04B45/0736Pumps having fluid drive the actuating fluid being controlled by one or more valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04FPUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/02Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid
    • F04F5/04Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid displacing elastic fluids
    • F04F5/08Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid displacing elastic fluids the elastic fluid being entrained in a free falling column of liquid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04FPUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/14Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
    • F04F5/16Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids
    • F04F5/18Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids for compressing

Definitions

  • the barrier member is in the form of an inflatable bag connected to the fluid inlet of the pressure vessel.
  • An inflatable water bag has never before been used inside a pressure vessel to prevent direct contact between water and the subjected gas to be compressed.
  • the inflatable water bag may be dimensioned to occupy the internal space of the pressure vessel when inflated, in order to pressurise the gas while keeping the switchable air vent on the inlet water pipe open to atmosphere.
  • the internal shape and volume of the pressure vessel may be substantially identical to the external shape and volume of the inflatable water bag.
  • the bag may be made of any flexible or composite materials such as reinforced rubber, fibre reinforced plastic etc.
  • the gas inlet of the first pressure vessel and the gas inlet of the further pressure vessel may be connected to the same source of gas.
  • the compressor may comprise at least one further pressure vessel having a gas inlet connected to the gas outlet of the first pressure vessel and a fluid inlet for the high pressure fluid.
  • the compressor may be arranged to introduce the high pressure fluid into the further pressure vessel via the fluid inlet whereby to compress further a volume of gas in the further pressure vessel. In this way, the desired pressure of the gas can be achieved in stages.
  • the gas inlet of the (or each) pressure vessel is supplied with gas from a water electrolyser.
  • the gas is hydrogen.
  • the gas compressor may be connected to a source of gas to be compressed or may be directly connected to an electrolyser to compress hydrogen and oxygen gas.
  • the gas compressor may comprise one or more of a bottom water tank, a high pressure water pump, at least one an inflatable water bag installed inside a pressure vessel, a gas inlet valve to the pressure vessel, a high pressure gas outlet purge valve from the pressure vessel, a nitrogen gas purging valve, switchable atmospheric air vents located on top of the bottom water tank, a piping configuration and valve mechanism, monitoring and control devices for pressure, temperature, flow rate and fluid level, non return valves installed after the high pressure gas-purge valve and after the outlet of the water pump, inline gas sensors, a liquid condensing and separation unit, an oxygen removal unit for removing oxygen from hydrogen gas, a gas drying unit and an electronic control system.
  • a liquid vapour condensing unit, a liquid separation unit, an oxygen removal unit, a gas drier and a liquid absorption unit may be fitted after the gas outlet purge valve of the pressure vessel.
  • a gas sensor may detect the purity of gas and send an electrical voltage and/or current signal to the electronic control box.
  • the compressed gas may be vented to the atmosphere if the purity of the gas is not at a desired level or for any maintenance work.
  • the invention also provides a gas compressor directly coupled with an atmospheric electro lyser, wherein the de-oxo-drier removes the traces of oxygen gas present in hydrogen gas followed by gas drying.
  • the operating range of the compressor is from 10 mbar gauge pressure up to very high pressure such as 700 bar in multiple stages depending on the output pressure of the water pump and the volume of the pressure vessel.
  • the flow rate of the gas compressor is in the range of 10 cubic centimetres per minute to several hundreds normal cubic metres per hour.
  • the higher gas pressure inside the pressure vessel will deflate the water bags; the gas compressor operates the multiple valves as per the above sequence to empty the water from the pressure vessel or from the inflatable water bag by pumping water back into the bottom water tank.
  • the gas is fed into the empty pressure vessel followed by pumping of water into the inflatable water bag or directly into the pressure vessel.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of various components of this invention
  • Table 1 provides an example of the compression ratio but following the same principle different compression ratios will be achieved by changing the physical parameters of this invention
  • Table 2 describes the sequence of valve control corresponding to Figure 1 ; there will be several ways to perform the operation using the same physical configuration and/or different configurations using the same components.
  • Figure 2 shows an alternative configuration of a gas compressor according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Table 3 describes the sequence of valve control corresponding to Figure 2.
  • the inflatable water bag (10) is made of flexible materials such as reinforced rubber, composites, fibre reinforced plastic bags etc.
  • the safe operating pressure of the inflatable water bag is about 10-15 bar and the design pressure is 25bar.
  • the differential pressure between the inside and outside pressure of the fully inflated water bag never exceeds 15 bar because the water bag is supported when fully inflated by the wall of the pressure vessel; the physical volume change from the deflated to the inflated water bag is up to 20 times or even more; therefore the gas can be compressed up to 20 times by the fully inflated water bag resulting in 20 times increase in gas pressure inside the first pressure vessel (4).
  • the first pressure vessel (4) is securely connected to a leak free port (32) of a second pressure vessel (33) via an adjoining pipe (14) and a fourth valve (14).
  • the gas outlet port is connected to a high pressure gas delivery pipe (39) a seventh valve (40), and a non return valve (41).
  • Figure 2 shows an alternative configuration of an embodiment of a gas compressor according to the invention, which combines four functionalities of gas compression, gas drying, gas cooling and gas cleaning at low cost and greater efficiency.
  • a fifth valve 111 between the first vessel 101 and a low pressure electro lyser stack 103 is open, while a sixth valve 112 between the second vessel 102 and the low pressure electro lyser stack 103 is closed.
  • a seventh valve 113 between the first vessel 101 and a high pressure gas delivery line 116 is closed.
  • An eighth valve 114 between the second vessel 102 and the high pressure gas delivery line 116 is also closed.
  • the gas in the second vessel 102 is compressed up to 700 bar or higher from ambient pressure in a single stage by gradual filling of liquid by the high pressure liquid pump 108.
  • the compressed gas is then discharged by opening the eighth valve 114 into the high pressure gas delivery line 116 while keeping the third valve 106 and the sixth valve 112 closed.
  • An output valve 109 is opened to deliver high pressure gas or fill up a buffer tank for storage.
  • the gas inlet of the first vessel 101 is controlled by the fifth valve 111 which is connected to the electro lyser cell 103 producing hydrogen and oxygen gas or any other sources of gas.
  • the electrolyser cell 103 may be as described in GB 2469265.
  • Table 3 shows the position of the valves during the gas compression and gas discharge in both vessels 101, 102.
  • the liquid is sprayed by nozzles 110, 115 inside the pressure vessels 101, 102 to scrub various impurities by physical absorption or by chemical reaction.
  • sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution is used to remove C0 2 from biogas during compression.
  • Hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S) is removed by scrubbing in ferric sulphate solution or by washing of the raw gas in water. Removal of tar, oil, hydrocarbon, particulate and other impurities is achieved by various scrubbing techniques with relevant liquid solution.
  • the present invention primarily relates to the compression of hydrogen gas and any other gaseous substance using high pressure water pump.
  • the present invention provides a safe and leak proof gas compressor due to the use of water seal making it ideal for compression of explosive gases such as hydrogen.
  • This invention allows a low pressure gas such as from an atmospheric water electrolyser to increase the gas pressure significantly in a much more economical way than costly pressurised electro lysers or conventional hydrogen compressors.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
EP12704535.9A 2011-02-07 2012-02-07 High pressure hydrogen gas compressor Withdrawn EP2683947A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1102004.7A GB2487790A (en) 2011-02-07 2011-02-07 Gas compressor using liquid
GB1117540.3A GB2487815A (en) 2011-02-07 2011-10-11 Gas compressor using high pressure fluid
PCT/GB2012/050270 WO2012107756A1 (en) 2011-02-07 2012-02-07 High pressure hydrogen gas compressor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2683947A1 true EP2683947A1 (en) 2014-01-15

Family

ID=43836261

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12704535.9A Withdrawn EP2683947A1 (en) 2011-02-07 2012-02-07 High pressure hydrogen gas compressor

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20130315818A1 (pt)
EP (1) EP2683947A1 (pt)
JP (1) JP2014507594A (pt)
KR (1) KR20140051826A (pt)
CN (1) CN103534490A (pt)
BR (1) BR112013020137A2 (pt)
CA (1) CA2826231A1 (pt)
GB (2) GB2487790A (pt)
WO (1) WO2012107756A1 (pt)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014023961A1 (en) * 2012-08-07 2014-02-13 Re Hydrogen Ltd Gas compression and gas upgrade system
US9541236B2 (en) 2013-07-12 2017-01-10 Whirlpool Corporation Multi-stage home refueling appliance and method for supplying compressed natural gas
CN104005819A (zh) * 2014-05-19 2014-08-27 西南交通大学 一种双尿素压力容器气压式尿素计量喷射系统
US9945370B2 (en) * 2015-11-20 2018-04-17 Industrial Technology Research Institute Gas compression system and method of compressing gas using the gas compression system
CA2982024C (en) * 2016-10-11 2020-09-22 Encline Artificial Lift Technologies LLC Improved liquid piston compressor system
CN107387377A (zh) * 2017-09-07 2017-11-24 蔡宁 巨能泵是循环利用气体给气体或液体增压的一种设备
CN108644095B (zh) * 2018-04-18 2020-06-09 华北电力大学 基于分级压缩空气储能系统的功率倍增运行策略方法
CN108758331B (zh) * 2018-05-07 2021-04-02 杰瑞石油天然气工程有限公司 一种液压活塞式天然气压缩机组回油超压检测泄放装置
JP7101542B2 (ja) * 2018-05-29 2022-07-15 タキロンシーアイ株式会社 熱収縮性フィルムおよび熱収縮性ラベル
CN112855495B (zh) * 2021-01-20 2021-11-05 北京航空航天大学 一种液体驱动超高压压缩空气储能系统及其方法
DE102021125046A1 (de) * 2021-09-28 2023-03-30 Kyros Hydrogen Solutions GmbH Hochdruckverdichter und System mit einem Hochdruckverdichter
DE102021125047A1 (de) * 2021-09-28 2023-03-30 Kyros Hydrogen Solutions GmbH Hochdruckverdichter und System mit einem Hochdruckverdichter
DK181404B1 (en) * 2022-01-03 2023-10-17 Nel Hydrogen As Compressor with reduced start-up torque
EP4352368A1 (en) * 2022-08-31 2024-04-17 Ventspils Augstskola Hydrogen hydraulic compression device

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201117540D0 (en) 2011-11-23
CN103534490A (zh) 2014-01-22
GB201102004D0 (en) 2011-03-23
JP2014507594A (ja) 2014-03-27
WO2012107756A1 (en) 2012-08-16
BR112013020137A2 (pt) 2016-11-01
CA2826231A1 (en) 2012-08-16
KR20140051826A (ko) 2014-05-02
US20130315818A1 (en) 2013-11-28
GB2487790A (en) 2012-08-08
GB2487815A (en) 2012-08-08

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