EP2683612B1 - Method and device for testing the proper working order of an elevator - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device for testing the proper functioning of an elevator.

The DE 10 2009 026 992 A1 discloses a method for checking the proper functioning of an elevator. In this case, a car is moved upward to test a driving ability of a traction sheave, thereby triggering a braking device. At the same time, a distance of the car from a fixed measuring point as a function of time is measured by means of an optical distance sensor. The traction capability of the traction sheave is then determined from the measured values measured therewith.

The DE 10 2006 042 909 A1 discloses another method for determining the traction of a traction sheave. In this case, to determine the driving ability occurring during braking of the car when driving upwards braking acceleration is determined. For this purpose, sensors for detecting the braking acceleration are mounted on the car and on the traction sheave. The measurement values measured with this and the braking acceleration are used directly to determine the driving capability. - From the measured values of the braking acceleration can not be created an exact driving curve of the car.

The G 89 04 375 U1 discloses a device for detecting physical characteristics in an elevator. In this case, a Wegstreckenaufnehmer is provided on a traction sheave, which is connected to an evaluation unit. The distance sensor has a perforated disc and at least one the perforated disc scanning light barrier. Furthermore, a force transducer is provided, with which the forces transmitted by a cable, the movement of the car determining forces can be determined. By means of the force transducer, in particular the traction of the traction sheave can be determined. The proposed device is an integral part of the elevator. Their production is complex. It is not suitable for testing the proper functioning of a lift by an independent testing company.

The JP 11 043270 A discloses a method for testing the proper operation of an elevator using an accelerometer.

The EP 1 749 781 A1 discloses a device having an acceleration measuring device, an optical distance measuring device, and an evaluation device as part of a monitoring device for detecting cable slip.

The object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, a method is to be specified which allows the least possible effort to check the proper functioning of an elevator. According to a further object of the invention, a simple and inexpensive configured as possible apparatus for performing the method should be specified.

This object is solved by the features of claims 1, 11 and 17. Advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the features of claims 2 to 10 and 12 to 16.

• Vorsehen einer Beschleunigungsmesseinrichtung an einem in einer z-Richtung bewegbaren Fahrkorb des Aufzugs, wobei mit der Beschleunigungsmesseinrichtung eine Beschleunigung des Fahrkorbs in z-Richtung in Abhängigkeit der Zeit messbar ist, Vorsehen einer optischen Abstandsmesseinrichtung zum Messen eines Abstands des Fahrkorbs oder des Gegengewichts gegenüber einem festen Punkt in Abhängigkeit der Zeit,
• gleichzeitiges Erfassen von mit der Beschleunigungsmesseinrichtung gemessenen ersten Werten und von mit der ersten Abstandsmesseinrichtung gemessenen zweiten Werten, und
• Herstellen einer die Bewegung des Fahrkorbs wiedergebenden Fahrkurve unter Verwendung der ersten und der zweiten Werte.
• Im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung wird unter dem Begriff "z-Richtung" allgemein die Bewegungsrichtung des Fahrkorbs verstanden. Eine x- und y-Richtung spannen eine senkrecht zur z-Richtung verlaufende Ebene auf.

According to the invention, a method with the following steps is proposed for testing the proper functioning of an elevator:

• Providing an acceleration measuring device on one in a z-direction movable car of the elevator, wherein the acceleration measuring device acceleration of the car in the z-direction is measured as a function of time, Providing an optical distance measuring device for measuring a distance of the car or the counterweight with respect to a fixed point as a function of time,
• simultaneously detecting first values measured by the acceleration measuring device and second values measured by the first distance measuring device, and
• Producing a driving curve representing the movement of the car using the first and second values.
• For the purposes of the present invention, the term "z-direction" is generally understood to mean the direction of movement of the car. An x and y direction span a plane perpendicular to the z direction.

By a "fixed point" is meant a point within an elevator shaft of the elevator. Appropriately, this is a shaft bottom of the elevator shaft. On the shaft floor can z. B. a transmitting / receiving device of the optical distance measuring device are supported. With the distance measuring device, it is possible to quickly and accurately measure a distance of the car or counterweight over the fixed point over time.

The inventively proposed combination of a measurement of the distance of the car or the counterweight over time by means of an optical distance measuring device and the acceleration of the car allows in a simple, fast and cost-effective way to produce exact driving curves. From this, all essential parameters can be determined, which are used to check the proper functioning an elevator are required. The production of the travel curve and / or the determination of the corresponding parameters is expediently carried out using predetermined algorithms by means of a computer.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a laser distance measuring device is used as a distance measuring device. With such a laser distance measuring device can be measured with a high temporal resolution of the distance of the car or the counterweight to a fixed point, for example by transit time measurement from the phase difference. A suitable laser distance measuring device is closer in the above-mentioned DE 10 2009 026 992 A1 described.

The acceleration measuring device can advantageously be used to measure an acceleration in the x, y and z directions as a function of time. In this case, the acceleration measuring device can also be attached to a car door of the car. This makes it possible to accurately detect the movements of the car door depending on the path of the car in the z direction.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the measured first values are stored as a data record with the acceleration measuring device. The stored data set is expediently transmitted via an interface provided on the acceleration measuring device to an evaluation device. Ie. the proposed acceleration measuring device is advantageously an autonomous unit, which acceleration sensors, a processor, a real time clock, a memory, an interface and a battery may include. The data records recorded with it can be transmitted to the evaluation device, for example a computer, after completion of a predetermined movement sequence of the car and processed there with a suitable program.

To carry out the method according to the invention, recourse may be had to conventionally available acceleration measuring devices. For example, the product is "USB Accelerometer Model X6-2" from Gulf Coast Data Concepts, LLC, Waveland, MS 39576, US.

Because of the combination of a distance measurement with an acceleration measurement proposed according to the invention, the first values can be corrected using the second values. In order to correct the first values, in particular the first values relating to the acceleration in the z direction, at least one integration constant is calculated from the second values according to an advantageous embodiment. Thus, errors can be avoided, which are due to an inaccurate or in the course of the measurement of the first values changing integration constant. As a result, with the proposed method, a particularly accurate driving curve can be specified, in which information about the speed and / or acceleration curve can be included.

Before the correction, the first and second values are expediently synchronized. Such synchronization is particularly easy if the values are registered as a function of real time.

As a travel curve, a distance / time and / or a speed / time and / or a distance / acceleration diagram is expediently produced. In this case, movements of the car or the car door in the x and / or y direction over the way or the time can be output. It has proven particularly expedient to specify an acceleration of the car or of the car door in the xy direction over the path in the way / acceleration diagram. Thus, an acceleration of the car or the car door in the xy direction depending on the way quickly and easily detected.

With the proposed method, it is thus possible in a simple, faster and cost-effective manner to detect and locate disturbances in the operation of an elevator. Furthermore, it can be determined at which location, at which speed and / or acceleration any faults or deviations from a given sequence of movements occur. This makes a quick, easy and cost-effective diagnosis of the movement or errors in the operation of a lift possible.

• eine Beschleunigungsmesseinrichtung, mit der eine Beschleunigung des Fahrkorbs in Abhängigkeit der Zeit messbar ist und mit der damit gemessene erste Werte speicherbar sind,
• eine optische Abstandsmesseinrichtung, mit der ein Abstand eines Fahrkorbs oder eines Gegengewichts gegenüber einem festen Punkt in Abhängigkeit der Zeit messbar ist und mit der damit gemessene zweite Werte speicherbar sind, und
• eine Auswerteeinrichtung mit einem Programm zur Auswertung der von der Beschleunigungsmesseinrichtung und der Abstandsmesseinrichtung übermittelten ersten und zweiten Werte gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren.

In accordance with another aspect of the invention, an apparatus for testing the proper functioning of an elevator is proposed, comprising:

• an acceleration measuring device, with which an acceleration of the car is measurable as a function of time and can be stored with the first values measured therewith,
• an optical distance measuring device with which a distance of a car or a counterweight with respect to a fixed point can be measured as a function of time and can be stored with the second values measured therewith, and
• an evaluation device with a program for evaluating the transmitted from the acceleration measuring device and the distance measuring means first and second values according to the inventive method.

The proposed device can be produced easily and inexpensively. A suitable distance measuring device and an acceleration measuring device are conventionally available. As evaluation, for example, a relatively inexpensive available laptop can be used.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the optical distance measuring device is a laser distance measuring device. In such a laser distance measuring device, for example, a transmitted light beam is modulated with a predetermined frequency. The transmitted light beam can be reflected by a mounted on the car reflector on a receiver. There, the light transit time can be determined from the phase shift between the transmitted and received light beams and, in turn, a distance between the distance measuring device, preferably the fixed point, and the car can be determined therefrom.

According to a further, particularly advantageous embodiment, the acceleration measuring device is provided with a fastening device, preferably a magnet. This allows a simple attachment of the acceleration measuring device on the car, on a car door of the car or on the counterweight.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the acceleration measuring device for power supply comprises a battery or a rechargeable battery. The acceleration measuring device is therefore expediently network-independent. It can be designed as a handy, mobile module, which can be easily and quickly by means of a magnet z. B. can be attached to the car.

The acceleration measuring device can also be provided with a USB, IR or Bluetooth interface. This enables a simple and rapid transmission of measured values or data records measured by the acceleration measuring device to the evaluation device.

Expediently, accelerations in the x, y and z directions can be measured with the acceleration measuring device. In particular, this also makes it possible to detect accelerations of the car or a car door of the car in the xy plane as a function of the path and / or time.

According to another aspect of the invention, an elevator with a erfingundgemäßen device is proposed, wherein the acceleration measuring device is mounted on the car, in particular on a car door of the car. When attaching the acceleration measuring device to the car door, it is possible exactly the movements of the car door in Detect dependence of the position of the car in the z-direction. Thus, the device according to the invention can be used both for detecting errors in the operation of a lift and as a development aid in the development of new elevators.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Ansicht eines Aufzugs,

Fig. 2

eine erste Fahrkurve und

Fig. 3

eine zweite Fahrkurve.

An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic view of an elevator,

Fig. 2

a first driving curve and

Fig. 3

a second driving curve.

At the in Fig. 1 The elevator shown is guided via a traction sheave 1 a supporting cable 2, at one end of a car 3 and at the other end a counterweight 4 are attached. The reference numeral 5 is a, z. B. executed in the manner of a "USB stick" running acceleration measuring device, which, for example by means of a magnet, is attached to a ceiling of the car 3.

On a shaft bottom 6 of an elevator shaft not shown here, a laser distance measuring device 7 is supported, whose transmitting / receiving light beams are denoted by the reference numeral 8. The laser distance measuring device 7 is connected to an evaluation device 9 designed here as a laptop.

The acceleration measuring device 5 is, for example, a conventional autarkic acceleration measuring device 5 or a so-called data logger, with which in each case Accelerations in the x-, y- and z-direction are measurable over time. Such an acceleration measuring device 5 comprises acceleration sensors, a real-time clock, a processor, a power source, a memory unit and an interface for transmitting a data set. Instead of the interface may also be provided a memory card on which the record is recorded. After completion of a measurement sequence, the memory card can be removed and connected to the evaluation unit for data transmission.

• Zunächst wird der Beschleunigungssensor am Fahrkorb 3 angebracht. Ferner wird die Abstandsmesseinrichtung 7 zweckmäßigerweise auf dem Schachtboden 6 abgestützt. Deren Sende-/Empfangslichtstrahlen 8 werden auf einen am Boden des Fahrkorbs 3 angebrachten Reflektor (hier nicht gezeigt) gerichtet. Die auf dem Schachtboden 6 abgestützte Abstandsmesseinrichtung 7 bildet in diesem Fall einen festen Punkt gegenüber dem ein Abstand des Fahrkorbs 3 über der Zeit gemessen wird.

To check the proper functioning of an elevator, proceed as follows:

• First, the acceleration sensor is attached to the car 3. Furthermore, the distance measuring device 7 is expediently supported on the shaft bottom 6. Their transmitting / receiving light beams 8 are directed to a mounted on the bottom of the car 3 reflector (not shown here). The distance measuring device 7 supported on the shaft bottom 6 in this case forms a fixed point with respect to which a distance of the car 3 over time is measured.

Subsequently, certain movements of the car 3 are performed according to a predetermined protocol. After completion of the motion sequences, the acceleration measuring device 5 is removed from the car 3. The data records stored therein are transmitted to the evaluation device 9.

Fig. 2 FIG. 10 shows driving curves which have been conventionally produced solely on the basis of first values obtained by the accelerometer 5. A first curve A represents a speed of the car 3 derived from the first values over time. A second curve B shows the path of the car 3 as determined from the curve A over time.

The first curve A is obtained by integration of the first values. It disadvantageously shows a drift with respect to its zero position. The second curve B is obtained by integrating the first values twice. In the absence of precise knowledge of the constants of the integration and / or their change during the measurement, a course which is significantly falsified in comparison with reality is obtained, in particular for the second curve B.

In Fig. 3 For example, a corrected first curve Ak reflects a speed of the car 3 over time and a corrected second curve Bk the route of the car 3 over time. In order to produce the corrected first curve Ak, it has again been assumed that the first values measured by the acceleration measuring device 5 have been used. With the distance measuring device 7, second values have been measured which represent the distance between the car 3 and the distance measuring device 7 over time. On the basis of the second values, an integration constant has been determined, by means of which the first values have been corrected. Based on the corrected first values, the corrected first curve Ak has been established. How out Fig. 3 is apparent, the velocity over time reproduced corrected first curve Ak no drift with respect to their zero position more. - In the proposed embodiment, a distance measuring device 7 may be used, which measures the second values with a lower temporal resolution, than the acceleration measuring device 5. It can be used as a distance measuring device 7, a relatively inexpensive available laser distance measuring device.

The corrected second curve Bk resulting from integration of the corrected first values reflects the path of the car 3 over time. The corrected second curve Bk corresponds - as from a comparison of Fig. 3 with the Fig. 2 is readily apparent - the actual circumstances. Each plateau in the corrected second curve Bk corresponds to the hold of the car 3 in one floor. The plateaus are in Fig. 3 arranged symmetrically to each other, which corresponds to an up and down travel of the car 3 with stop in predetermined floors. The corrected first curve Ak is precisely correlated with the corrected second curve Bk.

Although not shown in the figures, in particular the in Fig. 3 shown corrected second curve Bk be additionally correlated with curves that reflect the movement of the car 3 or a car door in the x and / or y direction. This can be determined, for example, whether a car door opens before reaching a predetermined floor and, if so, at what distance before reaching the predetermined floor of the opening process begins.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

traction sheave

2

supporting cable

3

car

4

counterweight

5

Accelerometer

6

shaft bottom

7

Distance measuring device

8th

Transmitting / receiving light beam

9

evaluation

A

first turn

B

second bend

ak

corrected first curve

Bk

corrected second curve

Claims (17)

1. Method for testing the proper operational capability of an elevator having the following steps:

   - provision of an acceleration measuring device (5) on an elevator car (3) movable in a Z direction of the elevator, where an acceleration of said elevator car (3) in the z direction can be measured as a function of time using said acceleration measuring device (5),

   - provision of an optical distance measuring device (7) for measuring a distance of the elevator car (3) or of the counterweight (4) from a fixed point as a function of time,

   - simultaneous recording of first values measured with the acceleration measuring device (5) and of second values measured with the distance measuring device (7),

   - correction of the first values using the second values, and

   - creation of a movement curve (Ak, Bk) reproducing the movement of the elevator car (3) using the corrected first values and second values.
2. Method according to claim 1, wherein a laser distance measuring device is used as the distance measuring device (7).
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an acceleration of the elevator car (3) or of the counterweight (4) in the x, y and/or z directions is measured with the acceleration measuring device (5) as a function of time.
4. Method according to one of the aforementioned claims, wherein the acceleration measuring device (5) is attached to an elevator car door of the elevator car (3).
5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first values measured with the acceleration measuring device (5) are saved as a data record.
6. Method according to claim 5, wherein the saved data record is transmitted to an evaluation unit via an interface provided on the acceleration measuring device (5).
7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one integration constant is calculated from the second values for correction of the first values.
8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first and the second values are synchronized prior to correction.
9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a travel/time and/or a speed/time and/or a travel/acceleration graph is created as the movement curve (Ak, Bk).
10. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein an acceleration of the elevator car (3) or of the elevator car door in the x y direction over the distance is presented by the travel/acceleration diagram.
11. Device for testing the proper operational capability of an elevator, comprising:

    - an acceleration measuring device (5) with which an acceleration of the elevator car (3) can be measured as a function of time and can be saved with the first values measured therewith,

    - an optical distance measuring device (7), with which a distance of an elevator car (3) or of a counterweight (4) relative to a fixed point can be measured as a function of time and can be saved with the second values measured therewith, and

    - an evaluation device (9) with a program for evaluating the first and second values transmitted by the acceleration measuring device (5) and by the distance measuring device (7),

    characterized in that
    by means of the program, the first values are corrected using the second values, such that using the corrected first values and the second values a movement curve (Ak, Bk) reproducing the movement of the elevator car (3) can be created.
12. Device according to claim 11, wherein the distance measuring device (7) is a laser measuring device.
13. Device according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the acceleration measuring device (5) is provided with a fastening device, preferably a magnet.
14. Device according to one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the acceleration measuring device (5) comprises a battery or rechargeable battery for power supply.
15. Device according to one of claims 11 to 14, wherein at least one of the distance measuring device (7) and at least one of the acceleration measuring device (5) are provided with a USB or IR or Bluetooth interface.
16. Device according to one of claims 11 to 15, wherein an acceleration in the x, y or z direction can be measured with the acceleration measuring device (5).
17. Elevator with a device according to one of claims 11 to 16, wherein the acceleration measuring device (5) is attached to the elevator car (3), in particular to an elevator car door of said elevator car (3).

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