EP2650245B1 - Method and assembly for testing that a lift is functioning correctly - Google Patents
Method and assembly for testing that a lift is functioning correctly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2650245B1 EP2650245B1 EP13176188.4A EP13176188A EP2650245B1 EP 2650245 B1 EP2650245 B1 EP 2650245B1 EP 13176188 A EP13176188 A EP 13176188A EP 2650245 B1 EP2650245 B1 EP 2650245B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- measuring device
- car
- arrangement according
- distance
- elevator
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/0006—Monitoring devices or performance analysers
- B66B5/0037—Performance analysers
Definitions
- the invention relates to an arrangement for testing the proper functioning, in particular a driving ability, Oversuokbmix, safety gear and the like.
- An elevator in which a car in a hoistway pit having elevator shaft is movable, wherein for determining the proper functioning of the elevator under predetermined test conditions Characteristic value is determined.
- the DE 101 50 284 A1 discloses a method for the diagnosis of elevator installations.
- the car is provided with an accelerometer.
- the acceleration values measured with the accelerometer are transmitted to an evaluation unit arranged outside the car.
- the DE 10 2006 011 395 A1 discloses a measuring device for a driving capability measurement on an elevator installation.
- the measuring device has a fastening device for positioning on a plurality of supporting cables. It also comprises a fixing device for at least one of the support cables.
- the DE 39 11 391 C1 describes a method and an apparatus for checking the driving ability.
- a force signal generator via the cable on him transmitted force determined until the rope begins to slide on the traction sheave.
- a first Wegumblenaufêt with a rope of the cable and a second Wegumblenaufillon be connected to the traction sheave.
- the devices necessary for carrying out the known methods require a relatively high outlay during assembly of the transducers.
- the Implementation of the conventional method is associated with a high expenditure of time.
- EP 1 749 781 A1 describes a device for detecting the elevator carrier slip.
- the object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art.
- an arrangement is to be specified with which the proper functioning of an elevator can be checked quickly, simply and efficiently.
- an arrangement for checking the proper functioning of an elevator, in which a car can be moved in an elevator shaft, and wherein an optical distance measuring device for measuring a change in a distance of the car from a fixed measuring point in the elevator shaft is arranged in the elevator shaft.
- the optical distance sensor and a computer for recording and evaluating the recorded measured values are accommodated or combined in a suitcase in the manner of a kit.
- the proposed arrangement can be produced easily and quickly. For this purpose, for example, it is only necessary to set down a distance measuring device on a floor of the hoistway pit space, and to adjust with respect to a car underside. A time consuming, cumbersome and complicated attachment of transducers on ropes, the traction sheave or the like. Is not required in the inventive arrangement.
- a reflector and at least one force measuring device can also be accommodated.
- the test engineer only has to deposit the case on the floor of the hoistway pit, attach the reflector, which can be provided with a magnetic foil, to the underside of the car and record the optical distance sensor received in the case, by means of a laser beam radiated from it, for example Adjust the reference to the reflector attached to the underside of the car.
- the distance measuring device may be provided with an adjusting device. It may be three mounted on the underside of the distance measuring device supports that are in their length, for example in the manner of adjusting screws, changeable.
- a check of the proper functioning of an elevator can be carried out in order to determine a characteristic value by changing the distance which is measured by means of the optical distance measuring device between the car and a fixed measuring point in the elevator shaft.
- the method that can be carried out by the test arrangement a complicated and time-consuming attachment of measuring devices to ropes and / or the traction sheave and / or the laying of cables to a sensor outside the elevator shaft can be dispensed with.
- the feasible by the test arrangement method is also special universal, since the design of the elevator shaft is defined by standards. As a result, lift shafts hardly differ even in a different design of elevators. This further simplifies the inspection of the proper functioning of the elevator.
- the optical distance measuring device is located as a fixed measuring point in the hoistway pit space, in which case the distance to a car underside of the car is measured.
- the hoistway pit area is easily accessible to the test engineer. There can be arranged without great effort suitable for optical measurement of the change in the distance distance measuring device.
- the distance measuring device forms a fixed measuring point. This simplifies the procedure. It eliminates complex adjustments compared to a z. B. designed as a mirror fixed measuring point and possibly required cable laying work to a computer.
- the change of the distance is measured by means of an optical distance measuring device.
- the distance measuring device may expediently a clock, which z. B. a time-resolved measurement of the distance of the car relative to a fixed measuring point allows include.
- the clock generator can for example be part of a computer which is connected to the distance measuring device for transmitting and evaluating the measured values measured therewith.
- the distance measuring device it has proven to be expedient to use the distance measuring device to measure and record at least 500, preferably 700 to 2500, distance values per second. Conveniently, 800 to 1200 distance values per second are measured and evaluated with a downstream evaluation. With the proposed acquisition frequency of the measurements, it is possible to accurately capture the dynamic behavior of the car in test routines required for the proper functioning test. The results obtained are much more accurate than those achievable with conventional test routines. At the same time, the process can be carried out more easily and inexpensively.
- the distance values, expediently 900 to 1100 per second can also be dependent on one of a force measuring device recorded measured values. Here too, the aforementioned measurement frequency can be used.
- the distance measuring device is placed in a hoistway pit space which is bounded by a floor of the hoistway, its walls and an imaginary surface which rests on an upper surface of bumpers supported on the ground.
- the lift pit mine is relatively easy to walk on. Below the imaginary surface, which rests on top of the buffer, the distance measuring device can be safely accommodated. Even with a placement of the car or the counterweight on the buffers damage to the distance measuring device is not to be feared.
- the distance measuring device is supported on the floor of the hoistway pit area.
- an optical distance sensor is used as a distance measuring device, which comprises a along an optical axis transmitted light rays emitting sensor, at least one oscillator for modulating the transmitted light beams and a receiving light beam receiving receiver with means for determining the duration of the reflected from the car bottom receiving light beams having.
- the proposed optical distance sensor in particular the time change of the distance of the car from the phase difference between the transmitted and received light beam can be determined.
- the transmitting and the receiving light beam are not pulsed in this embodiment.
- the distance measurement is done by frequency measurement. Such a frequency measurement can be accomplished with little circuit complexity. It is thus possible to measure the change over time of a distance between the underside of the car and the fixed measuring point particularly accurately and with high resolution.
- the means for determining the transit time comprise a phase difference detector, which is connected to the receiver via an electrical signal path.
- an electronic signal delay unit may be turned on, with a phase difference between the transmitted and received light beams on a default value is set or adjusted.
- at least one synchronous rectifier is expediently provided between transmitting and receiving light beams.
- the transmitter can be modulated by a preceding oscillator at a constant frequency, so that the output of a clock oscillator is fed to the synchronous rectifier, wherein the frequency of the clock oscillator is adjustable by feedback of the output signal of the synchronous rectifier.
- the phase difference between the signals of the oscillator and the clock oscillator can be determined and evaluated in the evaluation unit as a measure of the distance. It may also be that for determining the phase shift between transmitting and receiving light beams, the modulation frequency of the transmitted light beams is adjustable by the integrated output signal of the synchronous rectifier is fed back on a transmitter upstream of the oscillator, wherein the set in the oscillator modulation frequency in the evaluation unit as a measure of the Distance is evaluated.
- a distance measuring device with the aforementioned features is particularly suitable for measuring the distance of the car relative to the fixed measuring point. A measurement frequency achievable thereby enables a measurement of the temporal change of the distance in the millisecond range.
- the proposed distance measuring device thus is universally suitable for determining all speed-dependent and / or acceleration-dependent characteristic values when testing the proper functioning of an elevator.
- the optical distance sensor is supported on the floor of the hoistway pit, and a reflector is attached to the underside of the car.
- the support of the optical distance sensor on the shaft bottom can be accomplished particularly easily. Cumbersome installation work is not required.
- an evaluation unit for evaluating the received signals present at the output of the receiver.
- the receiver may have a photosensitive surface whose normal vector is um a predetermined tilt angle to the optical axis is suitable. This can be avoided that light is reflected by the receiver in the region of the optical axis, which could lead to a falsification of the measurement results.
- the tilt angle is suitably in the range of 10 to 30 °.
- the distance in particular the distance can be measured as a function of time and an acceleration of the car can be determined therefrom.
- the acceleration can be determined simply and accurately by twice the derivative of the distance values measured over time.
- a multiplicity of characteristic values reproduced for the proper functioning of an elevator can be determined.
- the delay of the car when the safety gear is triggered can be determined particularly accurately.
- the procedure can be carried out surprisingly easily. In particular, it is not necessary to attach a measuring device to a cable, the traction sheave or the like.
- the downward movement can be carried out with the car unloaded.
- the safety gear is triggered in a lower half, preferably a lower third, more preferably in a lower quarter of a travel path of the infrastructure. Because of the increasing rope length between traction sheave and car, the safety gear is particularly heavily stressed in a lower portion of the driveway. For the functionality of the safety gear results in a lower portion of the track particularly meaningful values.
- the downward movement can be carried out at nominal speed. This further simplifies the proposed method.
- the test method By measuring the distance of the underside of the car, the test method by means of the measuring arrangement can be carried out surprisingly simply and quickly.
- the time-consuming assembly of transducers on ropes, the traction sheave or the like can be dispensed with.
- the driving ability of the traction sheave when triggering the braking device can be determined with improved accuracy.
- the term "braking device” is understood to mean a traction disk brake acting directly on the traction sheave or else a transmission or engine brake acting indirectly on the traction sheave.
- the term “elevator shaft” is also to be understood generally in the sense of the present invention. This includes both fully and partially reinforced lift shafts.
- the "distance” is a distance measured essentially in the direction of movement of the car.
- An “elevator” is understood to mean both an elevator with a car which can be moved in the vertical direction and an inclined elevator, in which the car can be moved at least 15 ° obliquely in relation to the horizontal.
- the driving capability for emergency stop in the sense of DIN EN 81-1 can be determined.
- the distance of the car over time when moving the car is measured immediately and triggered the braking device.
- the delay of the movement after release of the braking device can be determined from the measured distance by two-fold derivation after the time.
- integration constants In contrast to the prior art it is not necessary here to use integration constants for the calculation. The use of integration constants leads to inaccuracies in the calculation.
- the movement is carried out with the car unloaded. This further increases the efficiency of the proposed method.
- it is also possible to load the car, for example, with nominal load.
- the movement of the car is carried out at rated speed. This further simplifies the test procedure.
- the car is moved up to determine the driving ability T.
- the test arrangement it is also possible to determine the driving ability of a downward movement of the car with a high accuracy.
- the measuring arrangement can perform a test procedure, which can form a test sequence, which are combined with further test sequences.
- it has proven expedient to support a first force measuring device on at least one first buffer corresponding to the counterweight and a second force measuring device on at least one second buffer corresponding to the car.
- the force measuring devices are thus also introduced into the elevator shaft pit and are thus in the vicinity of the distance measuring device.
- This advantageously makes it possible to record and evaluate the measured values of the distance measuring device and / or of the force measuring devices by means of a computer connected thereto, preferably in the elevator shaft pit space.
- the establishment of a force measuring devices, the distance measuring device and the computer comprehensive measuring device in the hoistway pit can be performed quickly and easily. With such a measuring device all required to check the proper functioning of an elevator characteristics can be determined.
- the distance measuring device provided according to the invention, it is also advantageously possible in a particularly simple manner to calculate the respective proportionate cable weight on the counterweight side and / or on the car side and to take this into consideration when determining the characteristic values.
- the proposed further test sequence can also be carried out quickly and easily using the measuring device described above.
- the other test sequences can be advantageously carried out with unladen car. This further simplifies and speeds up the process that can be carried out by means of the test arrangement.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically and in perspective partial view of an embodiment of a test arrangement according to the invention for testing the driving ability of an elevator.
- Fig. 1 are guided over a traction sheave 1 more ropes 2.
- the one ends of the cables 2 are attached to a car 3, the other ends to a counterweight 4.
- the reference numeral 5 denotes a drive and brake device for driving and braking the traction sheave 1.
- An optical distance sensor 7 is located on a shaft bottom 6 of an elevator shaft (not shown here).
- a transmitted light beam 8 for measuring a distance is reflected, for example, by means of a reflector on an underside of the car 3 and as a received light beam by a receiver of the optical distance sensor 7 receive.
- the optical distance sensor 7 is connected to a computer 9 for recording the distance values measured therewith over time.
- Reference numeral 10 denotes a first buffer for damping a downward movement of the counterweight 4.
- a second buffer 11 serves to dampen the downward movement of the car 3.
- the first 10th and the second buffer 11 are supported on the shaft bottom 6 of the hoistway.
- the force measuring devices 12, 13 may be conventional load cells.
- the force measuring devices 12, 13 are connected to the computer 9.
- the computer 9 and the optical distance sensor 7 are arranged in an elevator shaft space, which is located between the shaft bottom 6 and an imaginary surface, which runs approximately parallel to the shaft bottom 6 and simultaneously rests on an upper side of the first 10 and second puff 11.
- Fig. 3 shows a partial perspective view of the elevator in a measurement of the overdrive using the measuring device.
- the counterweight 4 is supported on the first buffer 10 via the first force measuring device 12. It is measured by means of the first force measuring device 12, the force acting on the first buffer 10 force over time. At the same time, the distance between the car 3 and the force can be measured with the optical distance sensor 7.
- the traction sheave 1 is rotated in a lift the car 3 direction until the rope slip. From the force measured with the first force measuring device 12 at the time of the cable slip, the so-called over-driving capability T2 '/ T1' according to formula (2) can be determined.
- Fig. 4 shows a third partial perspective view of the elevator and the measuring device.
- the car 3 is placed with the bottom of the car floor on the recorded on the second buffer 11 second force measuring device 13.
- the second force measuring device 13 (not visible here)
- the force exerted on the second buffer 11 is measured.
- the optical Distance sensor 7 the distance to the bottom of the car floor measured.
- the traction sheave 1 is moved in a counterweight 4 lifting direction until the rope slip.
- the minimum drivability T2 "/ T1" can be determined according to formula (3).
- the characteristic of the second buffer 11 can be determined.
- Fig. 5 shows an example of a recorded with the computer 9 measurement of the distance between the optical distance sensor 7 and the car 3 over time and their first derivative -V after the time. From the slope of the first
- the delay s ⁇ of the car 3 can be determined. Given the weight on the car side, ie the weight of the car 3 and given nominal load can be determined according to the formula (1) the delay Vf for the laden with nominal load car 3 in free fall as a characteristic value.
- Fig. 6 shows an exemplary recorded with the computer 9 buffer characteristic.
- a measurement of the distance of a bottom of the car 3 with respect to the shaft bottom 6 in particular also allows consideration of the rope weights.
- Fig. 7 schematically shows a cable arrangement.
- the rope weights can be considered according to formula (4) for 1: 1 or 1: 2 suspended lifts. All distances from the optical distance sensor (7) can be detected automatically.
- the specific rope weight can be taken from a table by this is recorded against a rope diameter.
- an optical distance sensor 7 which determines the temporal change of a distance between the pit and a bottom of the car 3 from a phase shift between a transmitting 8 and a received light beam, particularly fast, efficient and easy to check the proper functioning of a Elevator are performed.
- the efficiency of the method that can be performed by the test arrangement can be further increased if the optical distance sensor 7 is combined with force measuring devices 12, 13.
- the relevant rope weights can be determined automatically with the distance measurement. Only the number of ropes and the rope diameter must be entered manually.
- the half-load compensation can be determined automatically by the counterweight 4 is lowered with the brake open on the buffer 10 with the force measuring device 12.
- the car weight can be determined automatically using the following methods:
- the counterweight 4 is driven in the vicinity of the buffer 10, for example, the car 3 is moved to the top stop.
- the brake of the drive is now opened.
- the counterweight 4 is from the force measuring device 12, which on the Buffer 10 is braked.
- the first force Fm1 applied to the force measuring device 10 is measured.
- the delay a 1 can be determined again by the second derivative of the measured distance after the time.
- the two methods are also suitable for determining the counterweight.
- the determined values such as counterweight, car weight, proportionate rope weights, speed and head are automatically provided for the calculation of the dynamic driving ability, the driving ability when loading the car 3, the overdrive capability and the buffer characteristic. The expert no longer has to search the data in the test book.
- the Fig. 8 to 10 show path / time diagrams obtained on a test elevator using a distance measuring device with an optical distance sensor.
- a car 3 is connected to a counterweight 4 via a plurality of ropes 2 guided by a traction sheave.
- the car 3 has a safety gear.
- a drive device for driving the traction sheave 1 is provided with a braking device.
- a change in the distance A has been measured with the optical distance sensor with respect to a car underside time-resolved. The measured values have been stored on a computer 9 and subsequently evaluated.
- Fig. 8 shows a path / time diagram of a complete sequence.
- the car 3 has been moved for calibration purposes, first from a first floor S1 to the next higher floors S2, S3, S4.
- the cable masses mA, mB, mC and mD can be determined.
- the point S5 describes a so-called "Überfahrweg", in which the counterweight rests on the corresponding buffer.
- the braking device has been released and the safety device has been triggered at point M2.
- the braking device has been released and the braking device has been actuated at point M4.
- the car 3 rests on the corresponding buffer in the shaft pit.
- Fig. 9 shows the path / time diagram in higher resolution according to Fig. 8 in the area of point M2. Furthermore, the time / distance curve derived from the derivative has been calculated and also shown for the time-distance curve. The approximately at the time 237.2 s observable increase in the path of the car 3 is caused by the falling counterweight 4. This shows conversely that the counterweight 4 does not affect the measurement of the Delay s ⁇ has.
- the delay Vf can be determined by determining the slope of the substantially rectilinear region in the velocity / time diagram.
- Fig. 10 shows the path / time diagram according to Fig. 8 with higher resolution in the area of point M4. Again, the first derivative of the path / time curve is shown. A delay at point M4 can also be achieved by applying the in Fig. 10 shown tangent Tg be determined at the linear region in the velocity / time diagram while determining their slope. From the determined deceleration S2, according to the formula (2), the driving capability T can be determined.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zur Prüfung der ordnungsgemäßen Funktionsfähigkeit, insbesondere einer Treibfähigkeit, Übertreibfähigkeit, Fangvorrichtung und dgl., eines Aufzugs, bei dem ein Fahrkorb in einem einen Aufzugsschachtgrubenraum aufweisenden Aufzugsschacht bewegbar ist, wobei zur Bestimmung der ordnungsgemäßen Funktionsfähigkeit des Aufzugs unter vorgegebenen Prüfbedingungen ein Kennwert ermittelt wird.The invention relates to an arrangement for testing the proper functioning, in particular a driving ability, Oversufreibfähigkeit, safety gear and the like., An elevator in which a car in a hoistway pit having elevator shaft is movable, wherein for determining the proper functioning of the elevator under predetermined test conditions Characteristic value is determined.
Die
Die
Die
Die zur Durchführung der bekannten Verfahren notwenigen Vorrichtungen erfordern bei der Montage der Messwertaufnehmer einen relativ hohen Aufwand. Die Durchführung der herkömmlichen Verfahren ist mit einem hohen Zeitaufwand verbunden.The devices necessary for carrying out the known methods require a relatively high outlay during assembly of the transducers. The Implementation of the conventional method is associated with a high expenditure of time.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, die Nachteile nach dem Stand der Technik zu beseitigen. Es soll insbesondere eine Anordnung angegeben werden, mit der schnell, einfach und effizient die ordnungsgemäße Funktionsfähigkeit eines Aufzugs geprüft werden kann.The object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, an arrangement is to be specified with which the proper functioning of an elevator can be checked quickly, simply and efficiently.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der abhängigen Ansprüche.This object is solved by the features of
Erfindungsgemäß wird eine Anordnung zur Prüfung der ordnungsgemäßen Funktionsfähigkeit eines Aufzugs vorgesehen, bei der ein Fahrkorb in einem Aufzugsschacht bewegbar ist, und wobei im Aufzugsschacht eine optische Abstandsmesseinrichtung zur Messung einer Änderung eines Abstands des Fahrkorbs gegenüber einem festen Messpunkt im Aufzugsschacht angeordnet ist.According to the invention, an arrangement is provided for checking the proper functioning of an elevator, in which a car can be moved in an elevator shaft, and wherein an optical distance measuring device for measuring a change in a distance of the car from a fixed measuring point in the elevator shaft is arranged in the elevator shaft.
Bezüglich der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung und von vorteilhaften Weiterentwicklungen der Abstandsmesseinrichtung, insbesondere der Verwendung eines optischen Distanzsensors sowie der Ausgestaltungen des optischen Distanzsensors wird auf die nachfolgende Beschreibung eines Prüfverfahrens, dass mit der Anordnung durchführbar ist, verwiesen. Die dort offenbarten Merkmale zu den Ausgestaltungen der Abstandsmesseinrichtung bilden Ausgestaltungsmerkmale der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung.With respect to the inventive design and advantageous developments of the distance measuring device, in particular the use of an optical distance sensor and the embodiments of the optical distance sensor, reference is made to the following description of a test method that is feasible with the arrangement. The features disclosed there to the embodiments of the distance measuring device form design features of the arrangement according to the invention.
In der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung sind nach Art eines Kits in einem Koffer der optische Distanzsensor und ein Computer zur Aufzeichnung und Auswertung der aufgenommenen Messwerte untergebracht bzw. zusammengefasst.In the arrangement according to the invention, the optical distance sensor and a computer for recording and evaluating the recorded measured values are accommodated or combined in a suitcase in the manner of a kit.
Die vorgeschlagene Anordnung lässt sich einfach und schnell herstellen. Zu diesem Zweck ist es beispielsweise lediglich erforderlich, eine Abstandsmesseinrichtung auf einem Boden des Aufzugsschachtgrubenraums abzusetzen, und gegenüber einer Fahrkorbunterseite zu justieren. Ein zeitaufwändiges, umständliches und kompliziertes Anbringen von Messwertaufnehmern an Seilen, der Treibscheibe oder dgl. ist bei der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung nicht erforderlich.The proposed arrangement can be produced easily and quickly. For this purpose, for example, it is only necessary to set down a distance measuring device on a floor of the hoistway pit space, and to adjust with respect to a car underside. A time consuming, cumbersome and complicated attachment of transducers on ropes, the traction sheave or the like. Is not required in the inventive arrangement.
Im Koffer können ferner ein Reflektor sowie zumindest eine Kraftmesseinrichtung aufgenommen sein. Zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung muss der Prüfingenieur lediglich den Koffer auf den Boden der Aufzugsschachtgrube absetzen, den Reflektor, welcher mit einer magnetischen Folie versehen sein kann, an der Fahrkorbunterseite anbringen und den im Koffer aufgenommenen optischen Distanzsensor, mittels eines davon beispielsweise abgestrahlten Laserstrahls, in Bezug auf den an der Fahrkorbunterseite angebrachten Reflektor justieren. Zu diesen Zweck kann die Abstandsmesseinrichtung mit einer Justiereinrichtung versehen sein. Es kann sich dabei um drei an der Unterseite der Abstandsmesseinrichtung angebrachte Stützen handeln, die in ihrer Lange, beispielsweise nach Art von Justierschrauben, veränderbar sind.In the suitcase, a reflector and at least one force measuring device can also be accommodated. To produce the arrangement according to the invention, the test engineer only has to deposit the case on the floor of the hoistway pit, attach the reflector, which can be provided with a magnetic foil, to the underside of the car and record the optical distance sensor received in the case, by means of a laser beam radiated from it, for example Adjust the reference to the reflector attached to the underside of the car. For this purpose, the distance measuring device may be provided with an adjusting device. It may be three mounted on the underside of the distance measuring device supports that are in their length, for example in the manner of adjusting screws, changeable.
Ferner ist es möglich, eine oder mehrere Kraftmesseinrichtungen auf den Puffern abzustützen und diese über eine Kabelverbindung mit der Messvorrichtung zu verbinden. Anschließend kann der Prüfingenieur eine vorgegebene Bewegungssequenz des Fahrkorbs veranlassen. Aus den mit der Messeinrichtung aufgezeichneten Messwerten können alle für die Prüfung der ordnungsgemäßen Funktionsfähigkeit eines Aufzugs erforderlichen Kennwerte automatisch oder teilweise automatisch ermittelt werden.Furthermore, it is possible to support one or more force measuring devices on the buffers and to connect them via a cable connection with the measuring device. Subsequently, the test engineer can initiate a predetermined sequence of movements of the car. From the measured values recorded with the measuring device, all characteristic values required for checking the proper functioning of an elevator can be automatically or partially automatically determined.
Mittels der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung kann eine Prüfung der ordnungsgemäßen Funktionsfähigkeit eines Aufzugs durchgeführt werden, um einen Kennwert durch eine Änderung des Abstands, der mittels der optischen Abstandsmesseinrichtung zwischen dem Fahrkorb und einem festen Messpunkt im Aufzugsschacht gemessen wird, zu ermitteln. Damit gelingt es auf überraschend einfache Weise, das Verfahren zur Prüfung der ordnungsgemäßen Funktionsfähigkeit des Aufzugs schnell und effizient durchzufuhren. Nach dem durch die Prüfanordnung durchführbaren Verfahren kann insbesondere auf ein kompliziertes und zeitaufwändiges Anbringen von Messeinrichtungen an Seilen und/oder der Treibscheibe und/oder das Verlegen von Kabeln zu einem Messwertaufnehmer außerhalb des Aufzugsschachts verzichtet werden. - Das mittels der Prüfanordnung durchführbare Verfahren ist darüber hinaus besonders universell, da die Ausgestaltung des Aufzugsschachts durch Normen festgelegt ist. Infolgedessen unterscheiden sich Aufzugsschächte auch bei einer unterschiedlichen Ausgestaltung von Aufzügen kaum. Das vereinfacht weiter die Prüfung der ordnungsgemäßen Funktionsfähigkeit des Aufzugs.By means of the device according to the invention, a check of the proper functioning of an elevator can be carried out in order to determine a characteristic value by changing the distance which is measured by means of the optical distance measuring device between the car and a fixed measuring point in the elevator shaft. This makes it possible in a surprisingly simple manner to perform the method for checking the proper functioning of the elevator quickly and efficiently. According to the method that can be carried out by the test arrangement, a complicated and time-consuming attachment of measuring devices to ropes and / or the traction sheave and / or the laying of cables to a sensor outside the elevator shaft can be dispensed with. - The feasible by the test arrangement method is also special universal, since the design of the elevator shaft is defined by standards. As a result, lift shafts hardly differ even in a different design of elevators. This further simplifies the inspection of the proper functioning of the elevator.
Entsprechend der Erfindung befindet sich die optische Abstandsmesseinrichtung als fester Messpunkt im Aufzugsschachtgrubenraum, wobei in diesem Fall der Abstand zu einer Fahrkorbunterseite des Fahrkorbs gemessen wird. Der Aufzugsschachtgrubenraum ist für den Prüfingenieur einfach zugänglich. Dort kann ohne großen Aufwand die zur optischen Messung der Änderung des Abstands geeignete Abstandsmesseinrichtung angeordnet werden. Somit bildet die Abstandsmesseinrichtung einen festen Messpunkt. Das vereinfacht das Verfahren. Es entfallen aufwändige Justierarbeiten gegenüber einem z. B. als Spiegel ausgebildeten festen Messpunkt sowie ggf. erforderliche Kabelverlegearbeiten zu einem Computer.According to the invention, the optical distance measuring device is located as a fixed measuring point in the hoistway pit space, in which case the distance to a car underside of the car is measured. The hoistway pit area is easily accessible to the test engineer. There can be arranged without great effort suitable for optical measurement of the change in the distance distance measuring device. Thus, the distance measuring device forms a fixed measuring point. This simplifies the procedure. It eliminates complex adjustments compared to a z. B. designed as a mirror fixed measuring point and possibly required cable laying work to a computer.
Die Änderung des Abstands wird mittels einer optischen Abstandsmesseinrichtung gemessen. Die Abstandsmesseinrichtung kann zweckmäßigerweise einen Taktgeber, welcher z. B. eine zeitaufgelöste Messung des Abstands des Fahrkorbs gegenüber einem festen Messpunkt ermöglicht, umfassen. Der Taktgeber kann beispielsweise Bestandteil eines Computers sein, der an die Abstandsmesseinrichtung zur Übermittlung und Auswertung der damit gemessenen Messwerte angeschlossen ist.The change of the distance is measured by means of an optical distance measuring device. The distance measuring device may expediently a clock, which z. B. a time-resolved measurement of the distance of the car relative to a fixed measuring point allows include. The clock generator can for example be part of a computer which is connected to the distance measuring device for transmitting and evaluating the measured values measured therewith.
Es hat sich als zweckmäßig erwiesen, mit der Abstandsmesseinrichtung zumindest 500, vorzugsweise 700 bis 2500, Abstandswerte pro Sekunde zu messen und aufzuzeichnen. Zweckmäßigerweise werden 800 bis 1200 Abstandswerte pro Sekunde gemessen und mit einer nachgeschalteten Auswerteelektronik ausgewertet. Mit der vorgeschlagenen Erfassungsfrequenz der Messwerte kann exakt das dynamische Verhalten des Fahrkorbs in für die Prüfung der ordnungsgemäßen Funktionsfähigkeit vorgeschriebenen Prüfroutinen erfasst werden. Die dabei erzielten Ergebnisse sind wesentlich genauer als die mit herkömmlichen Prüfroutinen erreichbaren Ergebnisse. Gleichzeitig lässt sich das Verfahren einfacher und kostengünstiger durchführen. Die Abstandswerte, zweckmäßigerweise 900 bis 1100 pro Sekunde, können auch in Abhängigkeit einer von einer Kraftmesseinrichtung gelieferten Messwerten aufgezeichnet werden. Auch dabei kann die vorerwähnte Messfrequenz verwendet werden.It has proven to be expedient to use the distance measuring device to measure and record at least 500, preferably 700 to 2500, distance values per second. Conveniently, 800 to 1200 distance values per second are measured and evaluated with a downstream evaluation. With the proposed acquisition frequency of the measurements, it is possible to accurately capture the dynamic behavior of the car in test routines required for the proper functioning test. The results obtained are much more accurate than those achievable with conventional test routines. At the same time, the process can be carried out more easily and inexpensively. The distance values, expediently 900 to 1100 per second, can also be dependent on one of a force measuring device recorded measured values. Here too, the aforementioned measurement frequency can be used.
In der Praxis hat es sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, dass die Abstandsmesseinrichtung in einen Aufzugsschachtgrubenraum gesetzt wird, welcher durch einen Boden des Aufzugsschachts, dessen Wände und eine gedachte Fläche begrenzt ist, welche auf einer Oberseite von auf dem Boden abgestützten Puffern aufliegt. Der Aufzugsschachtgrubenraum ist relativ einfach begehbar. Unterhalb der gedachten Fläche, welche auf der Oberseite der Puffer aufliegt, kann die Abstandsmesseinrichtung sicher untergebracht werden. Selbst bei einem Aufsetzen des Fahrkorbs oder des Gegengewichts auf den Puffern ist eine Beschädigung der Abstandsmessvorrichtung nicht zu befürchten. Nach einer besonders einfachen Ausgestaltung wird die Abstandsmesseinrichtung auf dem Boden des Aufzugsschachtgrubenraums abgestützt.In practice, it has proved to be particularly advantageous that the distance measuring device is placed in a hoistway pit space which is bounded by a floor of the hoistway, its walls and an imaginary surface which rests on an upper surface of bumpers supported on the ground. The lift pit mine is relatively easy to walk on. Below the imaginary surface, which rests on top of the buffer, the distance measuring device can be safely accommodated. Even with a placement of the car or the counterweight on the buffers damage to the distance measuring device is not to be feared. According to a particularly simple embodiment, the distance measuring device is supported on the floor of the hoistway pit area.
Nach einer weiterer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird als Abstandsmesseinrichtung ein optischer Distanzsensor verwendet, welcher einen entlang einer optischen Achse Sendelichtstrahlen emittierenden Sensor, wenigstens einen Oszillator zur Modulation der Sendelichtstrahlen und einen Empfangslichtstrahl empfangenden Empfänger mit Mitteln zur Bestimmung der Laufzeit der von der Fahrkorbunterseite reflektierten Empfangslichtstrahlen aufweist. Mit dem vorgeschlagenen optischen Distanzsensor kann insbesondere die zeitliche Änderung des Abstands des Fahrkorbs aus der Phasendifferenz zwischen Sende- und Empfangslichtstrahl bestimmt werden. Der Sende- und der Empfangslichtstrahl sind bei dieser Ausgestaltung nicht gepulst. Die Entfernungsmessung erfolgt durch Frequenzmessung. Eine solche Frequenzmessung kann mit geringem Schaltungsaufwand bewerkstelligt werden. Es ist damit möglich, die zeitliche Änderung eines Abstands zwischen der Fahrkorbunterseite und dem festen Messpunkt besonders exakt und mit hoher Auflösung zu messen.According to a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, an optical distance sensor is used as a distance measuring device, which comprises a along an optical axis transmitted light rays emitting sensor, at least one oscillator for modulating the transmitted light beams and a receiving light beam receiving receiver with means for determining the duration of the reflected from the car bottom receiving light beams having. With the proposed optical distance sensor, in particular the time change of the distance of the car from the phase difference between the transmitted and received light beam can be determined. The transmitting and the receiving light beam are not pulsed in this embodiment. The distance measurement is done by frequency measurement. Such a frequency measurement can be accomplished with little circuit complexity. It is thus possible to measure the change over time of a distance between the underside of the car and the fixed measuring point particularly accurately and with high resolution.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Mittel zur Bestimmung der Laufzeit einen Phasendifferenzdetektor umfassen, welcher mit dem Empfänger über einen elektrischen Signalweg verbunden ist. In den elektrischen Signalweg kann eine elektronische Signalverzögerungseinheit eingeschaltet sein, mit der eine Phasendifferenz zwischen Sende- und Empfangslichtstrahlen auf einen vorgegebenen Wert eingestellt oder eingeregelt wird. Zur Bestimmung der Phasenverschiebung ist zweckmäßigerweise zwischen Sende- und Empfangslichtstrahlen wenigstens ein Synchrongleichrichter vorgesehen. Der Sender kann durch einen vorgeschalteten Oszillator mit einer konstanten Frequenz moduliert sein, so dass der Ausgang eines Taktoszillators auf den Synchrongleichrichter geführt ist, wobei die Frequenz des Taktoszillators durch Rückkopplung des Ausgangssignals des Synchrongleichrichters einstellbar ist. In einem Phasendetektor kann die Phasendifferenz zwischen den Signalen des Oszillators und des Taktoszillators bestimmt und in der Auswerteeinheit als Maß für den Abstand ausgewertet werden. Es kann auch sein, dass zur Bestimmung der Phasenverschiebung zwischen Sende- und Empfangslichtstrahlen die Modulationsfrequenz der Sendelichtstrahlen einstellbar ist, indem auf einem den Sender vorgeschalteten Oszillator das integrierte Ausgangssignal des Synchrongleichrichters rückgekoppelt ist, wobei die im Oszillator eingestellte Modulationsfrequenz in der Auswerteinheit als Maß für den Abstand ausgewertet wird. Eine Abstandsmesseinrichtung mit den vorgenannten Merkmalen eignet sich zur Messung des Abstands des Fahrkorbs gegenüber dem festen Messpunkt besonders gut. Eine damit erreichbare Messfrequenz ermöglicht eine Messung der zeitlichen Änderung des Abstands im Millisekundenbereich. Damit können Verzögerungen und/oder Beschleunigungen erfasst werden, wie sie beispielsweise beim Auslösen einer Fangvorrichtung, bei Nothalt oder dgl., auftreten. Die vorgeschlagene Abstandsmesseinrichtung eignet also universell zur Ermittlung aller geschwindigkeits-und/oder beschleunigungsabhängigen Kennwerte bei der Prüfung der ordnungsgemäßen Funktionsfähigkeit eines Aufzugs.According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the means for determining the transit time comprise a phase difference detector, which is connected to the receiver via an electrical signal path. In the electrical signal path, an electronic signal delay unit may be turned on, with a phase difference between the transmitted and received light beams on a default value is set or adjusted. For determining the phase shift, at least one synchronous rectifier is expediently provided between transmitting and receiving light beams. The transmitter can be modulated by a preceding oscillator at a constant frequency, so that the output of a clock oscillator is fed to the synchronous rectifier, wherein the frequency of the clock oscillator is adjustable by feedback of the output signal of the synchronous rectifier. In a phase detector, the phase difference between the signals of the oscillator and the clock oscillator can be determined and evaluated in the evaluation unit as a measure of the distance. It may also be that for determining the phase shift between transmitting and receiving light beams, the modulation frequency of the transmitted light beams is adjustable by the integrated output signal of the synchronous rectifier is fed back on a transmitter upstream of the oscillator, wherein the set in the oscillator modulation frequency in the evaluation unit as a measure of the Distance is evaluated. A distance measuring device with the aforementioned features is particularly suitable for measuring the distance of the car relative to the fixed measuring point. A measurement frequency achievable thereby enables a measurement of the temporal change of the distance in the millisecond range. This delay and / or accelerations can be detected, as they occur, for example, when triggering a safety gear, emergency stop or the like .. The proposed distance measuring device thus is universally suitable for determining all speed-dependent and / or acceleration-dependent characteristic values when testing the proper functioning of an elevator.
Vorteilhafterweise ist der optische Distanzsensor auf dem Boden der Aufzugsschachtgrube abgestützt und an der Fahrkorbunterseite ist ein Reflektor angebracht. Das Abstützen des optischen Distanzsensors auf dem Schachtboden lässt sich besonders einfach bewerkstelligen. Umständliche Montagearbeiten sind nicht erforderlich.Advantageously, the optical distance sensor is supported on the floor of the hoistway pit, and a reflector is attached to the underside of the car. The support of the optical distance sensor on the shaft bottom can be accomplished particularly easily. Cumbersome installation work is not required.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist eine Auswerteeinheit zur Auswertung der am Ausgang des Empfängers anstehenden Empfangssignale vorgesehen. Der Empfänger kann eine lichtempfindliche Fläche aufweisen, deren Normalvektor um einen vorgegebenen Kippwinkel zur optischen Achse geeignet ist. Damit kann vermieden werden, dass vom Empfänger Licht in den Bereich der optischen Achse reflektiert wird, was zu einer Verfälschung der Messergebnisse führen könnte. Der Kippwinkel liegt zweckmäßigerweise im Bereich von 10 bis 30°.In accordance with a further embodiment, an evaluation unit is provided for evaluating the received signals present at the output of the receiver. The receiver may have a photosensitive surface whose normal vector is um a predetermined tilt angle to the optical axis is suitable. This can be avoided that light is reflected by the receiver in the region of the optical axis, which could lead to a falsification of the measurement results. The tilt angle is suitably in the range of 10 to 30 °.
Zur Auswertung der Messwerte hat es sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, einen Tiefpassfilter, vorzugsweise einen SG-FIR-Tiefpassfilter, zu verwenden und die Messwerte damit zu filtern. Die Kombination des optischen Distanzsensors mit dem vorgeschlagenen Filter führt zu besonders zuverlässigen Ergebnissen.To evaluate the measured values, it has proven to be particularly advantageous to use a low-pass filter, preferably an SG-FIR low-pass filter, and to filter the measured values with it. The combination of the optical distance sensor with the proposed filter leads to particularly reliable results.
Zur Ermittlung des Kennwerts kann insbesondere der Abstand in Abhängigkeit der Zeit gemessen und daraus eine Beschleunigung des Fahrkorbs ermittelt werden. Die Beschleunigung kann dabei einfach und exakt durch zweifache Ableitung der über der Zeit gemessenen Abstandswerte ermittelt werden. Auf der Grundlage einer derart ermittelten Beschleunigung können eine Vielzahl von die ordnungsgemäße Funktionsfähigkeit eines Aufzugs wiedergegebenen Kennwerten ermittelt werden.In order to determine the characteristic value, in particular the distance can be measured as a function of time and an acceleration of the car can be determined therefrom. The acceleration can be determined simply and accurately by twice the derivative of the distance values measured over time. On the basis of such ascertained acceleration, a multiplicity of characteristic values reproduced for the proper functioning of an elevator can be determined.
Die Messanordnung kann dazu verwendet werden, bei einem zu prüfenden Aufzug, bei dem der Fahrkorb mit einer Fangvorrichtung versehen und über zumindest ein über eine Treibscheibe geführtes Seil mit einem Gegengewicht verbunden ist, eine die Funktionsfähigkeit der Fangvorrichtung wiedergebenden Kennwerts zu ermitteln, wobei die folgenden Schritte durchgeführt werden:
- Abwärtsbewegen des Fahrkorbs;
- Auslösen der Fangvorrichtung;
- Messen eines Abstands des Fahrkorbs gegenüber dem festen Messpunkt gegenüber der Zeit; und
- Ermitteln der durch das Auslösen der Fangvorrichtung bewirkten Verzögerung Vf des Fahrkorbs aus den Messwerten.
- Moving the car down;
- Triggering the safety gear;
- Measuring a distance of the car from the fixed measuring point with respect to time; and
- Determining the caused by the triggering of the safety gear delay Vf of the car from the measured values.
In dem unmittelbar eine Abstandsänderung des Fahrkorbs gegenüber dem festen Messpunkt über der Zeit gemessen wird, kann die Verzögerung des Fahrkorbs beim Auslösen der Fangvorrichtung besonders genau ermittelt werden. Das Verfahren lässt sich überraschend einfach durchführen. Insbesondere ist es nicht erforderlich, eine Messvorrichtung an einem Seil, der Treibscheibe oder dgl., anzubringen.By directly measuring a distance change of the car relative to the fixed measuring point over time, the delay of the car when the safety gear is triggered can be determined particularly accurately. The procedure can be carried out surprisingly easily. In particular, it is not necessary to attach a measuring device to a cable, the traction sheave or the like.
Für die Aufzugsprüfung mittels der Anordnung kann das Abwärtsbewegen mit unbeladenem Fahrkorb durchgeführt werden. Das vereinfacht das Prüfverfahren. Zweckmäßigerweise wird die Fangvorrichtung in einer unteren Hälfte, vorzugsweise einem unteren Drittel, besonders bevorzugt in einem unteren Viertel, eines Fahrwegs des Fahrwegs ausgelöst. Wegen der damit zunehmenden Seillänge zwischen Treibscheibe und Fahrkorb wird die Fangvorrichtung in einem unteren Abschnitt des Fahrwegs besonders stark beansprucht. Für die Funktionsfähigkeit der Fangvorrichtung ergeben sich in einem unteren Abschnitt des Fahrwegs besonders aussagekräftige Werte.For the elevator inspection by means of the arrangement, the downward movement can be carried out with the car unloaded. This simplifies the test procedure. Conveniently, the safety gear is triggered in a lower half, preferably a lower third, more preferably in a lower quarter of a travel path of the infrastructure. Because of the increasing rope length between traction sheave and car, the safety gear is particularly heavily stressed in a lower portion of the driveway. For the functionality of the safety gear results in a lower portion of the track particularly meaningful values.
Für die Aufzugsprüfung mittels der Anordnung kann das Abwärtsbewegen mit Nenngeschwindigkeit durchgeführt werden. Das vereinfacht weiter das vorgeschlagene Verfahren.For the elevator inspection by means of the arrangement, the downward movement can be carried out at nominal speed. This further simplifies the proposed method.
Die Verzögerung Vf für den mit Nennlast beladenen Fahrkorb kann nach der folgenden Formel ermittelt werden:
, wobei gilt:
- NL
- = im Fahrkorb angegebene Nennlast
- g
- = Erdbeschleunigung
- s̈
- = 2te Ableitung des gemessenen Abstands nach der Zeit und
- mFK
- = Masse des Fahrkorbs
where:
- NL
- = Nominal load stated in the car
- G
- = Gravitational acceleration
- s
- = 2nd derivative of the measured distance with time and
- MFK
- = Mass of the car
Für die Aufzugsprüfung mittels der Anordnung kann bei einem zu prüfenden Aufzug, bei dem der Fahrkorb über zumindest ein über eine Treibscheibe geführtes Seil mit einem Gegengewicht verbunden und eine Bremseinrichtung zum Abbremsen derFor the elevator test by means of the arrangement, in a lift to be tested, in which the car is connected to at least one cable guided by a traction sheave with a counterweight and a braking device for braking the
Treibscheibe vorgesehen ist, die folgenden Schritte zur Ermittlung eines eine Treibfähigkeit T der Treibscheibe beschreibenden Kennwerts durchgeführt werden:
- Bewegen des Fahrkorbs;
- Auslösen der Bremseinrichtung;
- Messen eines Abstands des Fahrkorbs gegenüber einem festen Messpunkt über der Zeit; und
- Ermittlung der Treibfähigkeit T der Treibscheibe aus den gemessenen Werten.
- Moving the car;
- Triggering the braking device;
- Measuring a distance of the car from a fixed measuring point over time; and
- Determination of the driving capability T of the traction sheave from the measured values.
In dem der Abstand der Fahrkorbunterseite gemessen wird, lässt sich das Prüfverfahren mittels der Messanordnung überraschend einfach und schnell durchführen. Es kann insbesondere auf die zeitaufwändige Montage von Messwertaufnehmern an Seilen, der Treibscheibe oder dgl. verzichtet werden. Abgesehen davon kann aus einer Messung der Änderung des Abstands des Fahrkorbs gegenüber einem festen Messpunkt die Treibfähigkeit der Treibscheibe beim Auslösen der Bremseinrichtung mit verbesserter Genauigkeit ermittelt werden.By measuring the distance of the underside of the car, the test method by means of the measuring arrangement can be carried out surprisingly simply and quickly. In particular, the time-consuming assembly of transducers on ropes, the traction sheave or the like can be dispensed with. Apart from that, from a measurement of the change in the distance of the car from a fixed measuring point, the driving ability of the traction sheave when triggering the braking device can be determined with improved accuracy.
Im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung wird unter dem Begriff "Bremseinrichtung" eine direkt auf die Treibscheibe wirkende Treibscheibenbremse oder auch eine indirekt auf die Treibscheibe wirkende Getriebe- oder Motorbremse verstanden. Der Begriff "Aufzugsschacht" ist im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung ebenfalls allgemein zu verstehen. Darunter werden sowohl voll- als auch teilumwehrte Aufzugsschächte verstanden. Im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung handelt es sich bei dem "Abstand" um eine im Wesentlichen in Bewegungsrichtung des Fahrkorbs gemessene Distanz. Unter einem "Aufzug" wird sowohl ein Aufzug mit einem in vertikaler Richtung verfahrbaren Fahrkorb als auch ein Schrägaufzug verstanden, bei dem der Fahrkorb um zumindest 15° schräg gegenüber der Waagerechten verfahrbar ist.For the purposes of the present invention, the term "braking device" is understood to mean a traction disk brake acting directly on the traction sheave or else a transmission or engine brake acting indirectly on the traction sheave. The term "elevator shaft" is also to be understood generally in the sense of the present invention. This includes both fully and partially reinforced lift shafts. For the purposes of the present invention, the "distance" is a distance measured essentially in the direction of movement of the car. An "elevator" is understood to mean both an elevator with a car which can be moved in the vertical direction and an inclined elevator, in which the car can be moved at least 15 ° obliquely in relation to the horizontal.
Mit der vorgeschlagenen Messanordnung kann insbesondere die Treibfähigkeit bei Nothalt im Sinne der DIN EN 81-1 ermittelt werden. Zu diesem Zweck wird unmittelbar der Abstand des Fahrkorbs über der Zeit beim Bewegen des Fahrkorbs gemessen und die Bremseinrichtung ausgelöst. Die Verzögerung der Bewegung nach Auslösen der Bremseinrichtung lässt sich aus dem gemessenen Abstand durch zweifache Ableitung nach der Zeit ermitteln. Im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik ist es hier nicht erforderlich, zur Berechnung auf Integrationskonstanten zurückzugreifen. Die Verwendung von Integrationskonstanten führt bei der Berechnung zu Ungenauigkeiten.With the proposed measuring arrangement, in particular the driving capability for emergency stop in the sense of DIN EN 81-1 can be determined. For this purpose, the distance of the car over time when moving the car is measured immediately and triggered the braking device. The delay of the movement after release of the braking device can be determined from the measured distance by two-fold derivation after the time. In contrast to the prior art it is not necessary here to use integration constants for the calculation. The use of integration constants leads to inaccuracies in the calculation.
Vorteilhafterweise wird das Bewegen mit unbeladenem Fahrkorb durchgeführt. Das erhöht weiter die Effizienz des vorgeschlagenen Verfahrens. Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, den Fahrkorb beispielsweise mit Nennlast zu beladen.Advantageously, the movement is carried out with the car unloaded. This further increases the efficiency of the proposed method. Of course, it is also possible to load the car, for example, with nominal load.
Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Anwendung der Messanordnung wird das Bewegen des Fahrkorbs mit Nenngeschwindigkeit durchgeführt. Das vereinfacht weiter das Prüfverfahren.According to a further advantageous application of the measuring arrangement, the movement of the car is carried out at rated speed. This further simplifies the test procedure.
Zweckmäßigerweise wird der Fahrkorb zur Ermittlung der Treibfähigkeit T aufwärts bewegt. Mit der Prüfanordnung ist es aber auch möglich, die Treibfähigkeit einer Abwärtsbewegung des Fahrkorbs mit einer hohen Genauigkeit zu bestimmen.Conveniently, the car is moved up to determine the driving ability T. With the test arrangement, it is also possible to determine the driving ability of a downward movement of the car with a high accuracy.
Die Treibfähigkeit T wird zweckmäßigerweise nach der folgenden Formel ermittelt:
, wobei gilt:
- s̈
- = (t) = ermittelte Verzögerung zum Zeitpunkt t
- A
- = gemessener Abstand von der Schachtgrube zum Boden des Fahrkorbs
- FH
- = gemessene Förderhöhe
- AH
- = errechnete Höhe des Antriebs nach Eingabe der Etagenposition des Abtriebs
- mFK
- = Masse des Fahrkorbs
- mGG
- = Masse des Gegengewichts
- V
- = Aufhängungsverhältnis, 1:1 oder 2:1
- n
- = Seilanzahl
- sg
- = spezifisches Seilgewicht in Kg/m
- g
- = Beschleunigung
- mA
- = (FH - A)*sg*n
- mB
- = (FH - AH)*sg*n
- mC
- = (FH - AH)*sg*n
- mD
- = A*sg*n
where:
- s
- = (t) = determined delay at time t
- A
- = measured distance from the pit to the bottom of the car
- FH
- = measured head
- AH
- = calculated height of the drive after entering the floor position of the output
- MFK
- = Mass of the car
- MGG
- = Mass of the counterweight
- V
- = Suspension ratio, 1: 1 or 2: 1
- n
- = Number of ropes
- sg
- = specific rope weight in kg / m
- G
- = Acceleration
- mA
- = (FH - A) * sg * n
- mB
- = (FH - AH) * sg * n
- mC
- = (FH - AH) * sg * n
- mD
- = A * sg * n
Zur Prüfung der ordnungsgemäßen Funktionsfähigkeit eines Aufzugs ist es neben dem obigen erläuterten Verfahren zur Prüfung der Treibfähigkeit bei Nothalt durch die vorgeschlagene Messanordnung außerdem erforderlich, weitere Kennwerte zu ermitteln. Zu diesem Zweck kann die Messanordnung ein Prüfverfahren durchführen, welche eine Prüfsequenz bilden kann, die mit weiteren Prüfsequenzen kombiniert werden. Dazu hat es sich als zweckmäßig erwiesen, auf zumindest einem zum Gegengewicht korrespondierenden ersten Puffer eine erste Kraftmesseinrichtung und auf zumindest einem zum Fahrkorb korrespondierenden zweiten Puffer eine zweite Kraftmesseinrichtung abzustützen. Die Kraftmesseinrichtungen werden also ebenfalls in die Aufzugsschachtgrube eingebracht und befinden sich damit in der Nähe der Abstandsmesseinrichtung. Das ermöglicht es vorteilhafterweise, die Messwerte der Abstandsmesseinrichtung und/oder der Kraftmesseinrichtungen mittels eines damit verbundenen, vorzugsweise in den Aufzugsschachtgrubenraum gesetzten, Computers zu erfassen und auszuwerten. Das Einrichten einer die Kraftmesseinrichtungen, die Abstandsmesseinrichtung sowie den Computer umfassenden Messeinrichtung in der Aufzugsschachtgrube lässt sich schnell und einfach durchführen. Mit einer solchen Messeinrichtung können sämtliche zur Prüfung der ordnungsgemäßen Funktionsfähigkeit eines Aufzugs erforderlichen Kennwerte ermittelt werden.In order to test the proper functioning of an elevator, in addition to the above described method for testing the driving capability during emergency stop by the proposed measuring arrangement, it is also necessary to determine further characteristic values. For this purpose, the measuring arrangement can perform a test procedure, which can form a test sequence, which are combined with further test sequences. For this purpose, it has proven expedient to support a first force measuring device on at least one first buffer corresponding to the counterweight and a second force measuring device on at least one second buffer corresponding to the car. The force measuring devices are thus also introduced into the elevator shaft pit and are thus in the vicinity of the distance measuring device. This advantageously makes it possible to record and evaluate the measured values of the distance measuring device and / or of the force measuring devices by means of a computer connected thereto, preferably in the elevator shaft pit space. The establishment of a force measuring devices, the distance measuring device and the computer comprehensive measuring device in the hoistway pit can be performed quickly and easily. With such a measuring device all required to check the proper functioning of an elevator characteristics can be determined.
So kann in einer weiteren Prüfungssequenz die Übertreibfähigkeit des Aufzugs gemessen werden. Bei einem zu prüfenden Aufzug, bei dem der Fahrkorb über zumindest ein über eine Treibscheibe geführtes Seil mit einem Gegengewicht verbunden ist, können zur Ermittlung eines eine Übertreibfähigkeit des Aufzugs beschreibenden Kennwerts die folgenden Schritte durchgeführt werden:
- Absetzen des Gegengewichts auf die erste Kraftmesseinrichtung;
- Bewegen der Treibscheibe in eine den Fahrkorb anhebende Richtung bis zum Seilschlupf;
- Messen der auf die erste Kraftmesseinrichtung wirkenden Kraft über der Zeit; und
- Ermitteln der Übertreibfähigkeit aus den gemessenen Werten.
- Settling the counterweight on the first force measuring device;
- Moving the traction sheave in a car lift direction to rope slippage;
- Measuring the force acting on the first force measuring device over time; and
- Determine the overdrive capability from the measured values.
Die vorgeschlagene zweite Prüfungssequenz kann einfach und schnell mit der oben beschriebenen Messeinrichtung durchgeführt werden. Die Übertreibfähigkeit T' kann nach der folgenden Formel ermittelt werden:
, wobei gilt:
- mGG
- = Masse des Gegengewichts
- Fm'
- = gemessene Kraft beim Seilschlupf
- mFK
- = Masse des Fahrkorbs
- A
- = gemessener Abstand von der Schachtgrube zum Boden des Fahrkorbs
- FH
- = gemessene Förderhöhe
- AH
- = errechnete Höhe des Antriebs nach Eingabe der Etagenposition des Abtriebs
- V
- = Aufhängungsverhältnis, 1:1 oder 2:1
- n
- = Seilanzahl
- sg
- = spezifisches Seilgewicht in Kg/m
- g
- = Erdbeschleunigung
- mA
- = (FH - A) *sg*n
- mB
- = (FH - AH) *sg*n
- mC
- = (FH - AH) *sg*n
- mD
- = A*sg*n
where:
- MGG
- = Mass of the counterweight
- fm '
- = measured force during rope slip
- MFK
- = Mass of the car
- A
- = measured distance from the pit to the bottom of the car
- FH
- = measured head
- AH
- = calculated height of the drive after entering the floor position of the output
- V
- = Suspension ratio, 1: 1 or 2: 1
- n
- = Number of ropes
- sg
- = specific rope weight in kg / m
- G
- = Gravitational acceleration
- mA
- = (FH - A) * sg * n
- mB
- = (FH - AH) * sg * n
- mC
- = (FH - AH) * sg * n
- mD
- = A * sg * n
Ferner kann mittels der Prüfanordnung ein Verfahren durchgeführt werden, bei dem weitere Prüfungssequenz kombiniert werden. Dabei können bei einem zu prüfenden Aufzug, bei dem der Fahrkorb über zumindest ein über eine Treibscheibe geführtes Seil mit einem Gegengewicht verbunden ist, zur Ermittlung eines eine Mindesttreibfähigkeit des Aufzugs beschreibenden Kennwerts die folgenden Schritte durchgeführt werden:
- Absetzen des Fahrkorbs auf die zweite Kraftmesseinrichtung;
- Bewegen der Treibscheibe in eine das Gegengewicht anhebende Richtung bis zum Seilschlupf;
- Messen der auf die zweite Kraftmesseinrichtung wirkenden Kraft über der Zeit; und
- Ermitteln der Mindesttreibfähigkeit aus den gemessenen Werten.
- Placing the car on the second force measuring device;
- Moving the traction sheave in a counterweight lifting direction to rope slippage;
- Measuring the force acting on the second force measuring device over time; and
- Determine the minimum drivability from the measured values.
Auch die vorgeschlagene weitere Prüfungssequenz kann einfach und schnell mit der oben beschriebenen Messeinrichtung durchgeführt werden. Dabei kann die Mindesttreibfähigkeit T" nach der folgenden Formel ermittelt werden:
, wobei gilt:
- mGG
- = Masse des Gegengewichts
- Fm"
- = gemessene Kraft beim Seilschlupf
- mFK
- = Masse des Fahrkorb
- A
- = gemessener Abstand von der Schachtgrube zum Boden des Fahrkorbs
- FH
- = gemessene Förderhöhe
- AH =
- errechnete Höhe des Antriebs nach Eingabe der Etagenposition des Antriebs
- V
- = Aufhängungsverhältnis, 1:1 oder 2:1
- n
- = Seilanzahl
- sg
- = spezifisches Seilgewicht in Kg/m
- g
- = Erdbeschleunigung
- mA
- = (FH - A) *sg*n
- mB
- = (FH - AH) *sg*n
- mC
- = (FH - AH) *sg*n
- mD
- = A*sg*n
where:
- MGG
- = Mass of the counterweight
- fm "
- = measured force during rope slip
- MFK
- = Mass of the car
- A
- = measured distance from the pit to the bottom of the car
- FH
- = measured head
- AH =
- Calculated height of the drive after entering the floor position of the drive
- V
- = Suspension ratio, 1: 1 or 2: 1
- n
- = Number of ropes
- sg
- = specific rope weight in kg / m
- G
- = Gravitational acceleration
- mA
- = (FH - A) * sg * n
- mB
- = (FH - AH) * sg * n
- mC
- = (FH - AH) * sg * n
- mD
- = A * sg * n
Ein Gewicht des Fahrkorbs kann nach der folgenden Formel ermittelt werden:
, wobei gilt:
- g
- = Erdbeschleunigung
- Fm1
- = gemessene Kraft zum Zeitpunkt t1
- s̈
- = Verzögerung zum Zeitpunkt t1
- mFK
- = Masse des Fahrkorbs
where:
- G
- = Gravitational acceleration
- F m1
- = measured force at time t 1
- s
- = Delay at time t 1
- MFK
- = Mass of the car
Ferner kann ein Gewicht des Fahrkorbs auch nach der folgenden Formel ermittelt werden:
, wobei
- mFK
- = Masse des Fahrkorbs
- Fm1
- = gemessene erste Kraft an der Kraftmesseinrichtung zum Zeitpunkt t1
- Fm2
- = gemessene zweite Kraft an der Kraftmesseinrichtung
- g
- = Erdbeschleunigung
- a1
- = Verzögerung zum Zeitpunkt t1
, in which
- MFK
- = Mass of the car
- F m1
- = measured first force on the force measuring device at time t 1
- F m2
- = measured second force on the force measuring device
- G
- = Gravitational acceleration
- a 1
- = Delay at time t 1
Mit der erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Abstandsmesseinrichtung ist es vorteilhafterweise ferner besonders einfach möglich, das jeweils anteilige Seilgewicht auf der Gegengewichtsseite und/oder auf der Fahrkorbseite zu berechnen und bei der Bestimmung der Kennwerte zu berücksichtigen.With the distance measuring device provided according to the invention, it is also advantageously possible in a particularly simple manner to calculate the respective proportionate cable weight on the counterweight side and / or on the car side and to take this into consideration when determining the characteristic values.
Ferner kann das mittels der Abstandsmesseinrichtung durchführbare Verfahren mit einer weiteren Prüfungssequenz kombiniert werden. Dabei können bei einem zu prüfenden Aufzug, bei dem ein Fahrkorb über zumindest ein über eine Treibscheibe geführtes Seil mit einem Gegengewicht verbunden ist, zur Messung einer Kennlinie der Puffer die folgenden Schritte durchgeführt werden:
- Abstützen des Fahrkorbs oder des Gegengewichts auf die auf dem jeweiligen Puffer aufgenommene Kraftmesseinrichtung;
- Bewegen der Treibscheibe in eine zum abgestützten Gegengewicht oder Fahrkorb weisende Richtung bis zum Seilschlupf;
- Messen der auf die Kraftmesseinrichtung wirkenden Kraft über dem Abstand zwischen dem festen Messpunkt und dem auf dem Puffer abgestützten Gegengewicht oder Fahrkorb; und
- Ermitteln der Pufferkennlinie aus den gemessenen Werten.
- Supporting the car or the counterweight on the force measuring device received on the respective buffer;
- Moving the traction sheave in a direction pointing towards the supported counterweight or car to rope slippage;
- Measuring the force acting on the force measuring device over the distance between the fixed measuring point and the counterweight or car supported on the buffer; and
- Determining the buffer characteristic from the measured values.
Auch die vorgeschlagene weitere Prüfungssequenz kann schnell und einfach unter Verwendung der oben beschriebenen Messeinrichtung durchgeführt werden. Dabei können auch die weiteren Prüfungssequenzen vorteilhafterweise mit unbeladenem Fahrkorb durchgeführt werden. Das vereinfacht und beschleunigt weiter das mittels der Prüfanordnung durchführbare Verfahren.The proposed further test sequence can also be carried out quickly and easily using the measuring device described above. In this case, the other test sequences can be advantageously carried out with unladen car. This further simplifies and speeds up the process that can be carried out by means of the test arrangement.
Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen naher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig.1
- eine erste perspektivische Teilansicht eines Aufzugs mit einer Messeinrichtung,
- Fig. 2
- den gemessenen Abstand über der Zeit und die Ableitung der gemessenen Kurve,
- Fig. 3
- eine zweite perspektivische Teilansicht des Aufzugs sowie der Messeinrichtung,
- Fig. 4
- eine dritte perspektivische Teilansicht des Aufzugs und der Messeinrichtung,
- Fig. 5
- den gemessenen vertikalen Abstand über der Zeit und die Ableitung der gemessenen Kurve,
- Fig. 6
- den gemessenen Abstand über der Kraft,
- Fig. 7
- eine schematische Ansicht einer Seilanordnung,
- Fig. 8
- ein Weg/Zeit-Diagramm einer Prüfsequenz,
- Fig. 9
- das Weg/Zeit-Diagramm gemäß
Fig. 8 im Punkt M2 und - Fig. 10
- das Weg/Zeit-Diagramm gemäß
Fig. 8 im Punkt M4.
- Fig.1
- a first perspective partial view of an elevator with a measuring device,
- Fig. 2
- the measured distance over time and the derivative of the measured curve,
- Fig. 3
- a second perspective partial view of the elevator and the measuring device,
- Fig. 4
- a third partial perspective view of the elevator and the measuring device,
- Fig. 5
- the measured vertical distance over time and the derivative of the measured curve,
- Fig. 6
- the measured distance above the force,
- Fig. 7
- a schematic view of a cable arrangement,
- Fig. 8
- a path / time diagram of a test sequence,
- Fig. 9
- the way / time diagram according to
Fig. 8 in the point M2 and - Fig. 10
- the way / time diagram according to
Fig. 8 at point M4.
die Treibfähigkeit T gemäß DIN EN 81-1 bei Nothalt ermittelt werden. Dabei gilt:
- s̈
- = ermittelte Verzögerung zum Zeitpunkt t
- A
- = gemessener Abstand von der Schachtgrube zum Boden des Fahrkorbs
- FH
- = gemessene Förderhöhe
- AH
- = errechnete Höhe des Antriebs nach Eingabe der Etagenposition des Antriebs
- mFK
- = Masse des Fahrkorbs
- mGG
- = Masse des Gegengewichts
- V
- = Aufhängungsverhältnis, 1:1 oder 1:2
- n
- = Seilanzahl
- sg
- = spezifisches Seilgewicht in Kg/m
- g
- = Erdbeschleunigung
- mA
- = (FH - A) *sg*n
- mB
- = (FH - AH) *sg*n
- mC
- = (FH - AH) *sg*n
- mD
- = A*sg*n
the driving capability T according to DIN EN 81-1 at emergency stop can be determined. Where:
- s
- = determined delay at time t
- A
- = measured distance from the pit to the bottom of the car
- FH
- = measured head
- AH
- = calculated height of the drive after entering the floor position of the drive
- MFK
- = Mass of the car
- MGG
- = Mass of the counterweight
- V
- = Suspension ratio, 1: 1 or 1: 2
- n
- = Number of ropes
- sg
- = specific rope weight in kg / m
- G
- = Gravitational acceleration
- mA
- = (FH - A) * sg * n
- mB
- = (FH - AH) * sg * n
- mC
- = (FH - AH) * sg * n
- mD
- = A * sg * n
Sowohl beim Aufsetzen des Gegengewichts 4 auf den ersten Puffer 10 als auch beim Bewegen der Treibscheibe 1 in eine den Fahrkorb 3 anhebende Richtung ändert sich der Abstand des Fahrkorbs 3 gegenüber dem optischen Distanzsensor 7. Aus der aufgenommenen Änderung des Abstands des Fahrkorbs 3 über der gemessenen Kraft kann die Kennlinie des ersten Puffers 10 ermittelt werden.Both when placing the
Aus der zum Zeitpunkt des Seilschlupfs mit der zweiten Kraftmesseinrichtung 13 gemessenen Kraft kann die Mindesttreibfähigkeit T2"/T1" nach Formel (3) ermittelt werden.From the force measured at the time of the cable slip with the second
Ferner kann aus der gemessenen Änderung des Abstands des Fahrkorbs 3 über der Kraft die Kennlinie des zweiten Puffers 11 ermittelt werden.Furthermore, from the measured change in the distance of the
Ableitung des Grafs in einem Zeitintervall t1 bis t2 nach dem Auslösen der Fangvorrichtung kann die Verzögerung s̈ des Fahrkorbs 3 ermittelt werden. Bei gegebener Gewichtskraft auf der Fahrkorbseite, d. h. der Gewichtskraft des Fahrkorbs 3 und gegebener Nennlast kann nach der Formel (1) die Verzögerung Vf für den mit Nennlast beladenen Fahrkorb 3 im freien Fall als Kennwert ermittelt werden.Derivation of the count in a time interval t1 to t2 after the triggering of the safety gear, the delay s̈ of the
Zur automatischen Berücksichtigung der Seilgewichte mA, mB, mC, mD ist es lediglich noch erforderlich, das spezifische Seilgewicht einzugeben. Das spezifische Seilgewicht kann aus einer Tabelle entnommen werden, indem dieses gegenüber einem Seildurchmesser verzeichnet ist.For the automatic consideration of the rope weights mA, mB, mC, mD it is only necessary to enter the specific rope weight. The specific rope weight can be taken from a table by this is recorded against a rope diameter.
Insbesondere bei einer Verwendung eines optischen Distanzsensors 7, welcher die zeitliche Änderung eines Abstands zwischen der Schachtgrube und einer Unterseite des Fahrkorbs 3 aus einer Phasenverschiebung zwischen einem Sende- 8 und einem Empfangslichtstrahl ermittelt, kann besonders schnell, effizient und einfach eine Prüfung der ordnungsgemäßen Funktionsfähigkeit eines Aufzugs durchgeführt werden. Die Effizienz des durch die Prüfanordnung durchführbaren Verfahrens kann weiter gesteigert werden, wenn der optische Distanzsensor 7 mit Kraftmesseinrichtungen 12, 13 kombiniert wird.In particular, when using an
Die jeweils relevanten Seilgewichte können mit der Wegmessung automatisch ermittelt werden. Lediglich die Seilanzahl und der Seildurchmesser müssen manuell eingegeben werden.The relevant rope weights can be determined automatically with the distance measurement. Only the number of ropes and the rope diameter must be entered manually.
Der Halblastausgleich kann automatisch ermittelt werden, indem das Gegengewicht 4 bei geöffneter Bremse auf den Puffer 10 mit der Kraftmesseinrichtung 12 abgesenkt wird. Die Kraftmesseinrichtung 12 misst dann:
Bei Halblastausgleich muss der gemessene Wert 50% der angegebenen Nennlast sein. Der Lastausgleich in Prozent:
, wobei gilt:
- Fp
- = gemessene Kraft am Puffer des Gegengewichts
- Fm
- = ermittelte Kraft auf dem Puffer ohne Seilgewichte
- mFK
- = Masse des Fahrkorbs
- mGG
- = Masse des Gegengewichts
- La
- = Lastausgleich in Prozent
- NL
- = im Fahrkorb angegebene Nennlast
- V
- = Aufhängungsverhältnis, 1:1 oder 1:2
- g
- = Erdbeschleunigung
- mA
- = (FH - A) *sg*n
- mB
- = (FH - AH) *sg*n
- mC
- = (FH - AH) *sg*n
- mD
- = A*sg*n
where:
- fp
- = measured force at the buffer of the counterweight
- fm
- = determined force on the buffer without rope weights
- MFK
- = Mass of the car
- MGG
- = Mass of the counterweight
- La
- = Load compensation in percent
- NL
- = Nominal load stated in the car
- V
- = Suspension ratio, 1: 1 or 1: 2
- G
- = Gravitational acceleration
- mA
- = (FH - A) * sg * n
- mB
- = (FH - AH) * sg * n
- mC
- = (FH - AH) * sg * n
- mD
- = A * sg * n
Das Fahrkorbgewicht kann nach den folgenden Methoden automatisch ermittelt werden:The car weight can be determined automatically using the following methods:
Der Fahrkorb 3 wird auf den Puffer 11 gefahren, so dass eine Verzögerung > 1g erreicht wird.
, wobei gilt:
- g
- = Erdbeschleunigung
- Fm1
- = gemessene Kraft zum Zeitpunkt t1
- s̈
- = Verzögerung zum Zeitpunkt t1
- mFK
- = Masse des Fahrkorbs
where:
- G
- = Gravitational acceleration
- F m1
- = measured force at time t 1
- s
- = Delay at time t 1
- MFK
- = Mass of the car
Das Gegengewicht 4 wird in der Nähe des Puffers 10 gefahren, beispielsweise wird der Fahrkorb 3 in die oberste Haltestelle gefahren. Die Bremse des Antriebs wird nun geöffnet. Das Gegengewicht 4 wird von der Kraftmesseinrichtung 12, welche auf dem Puffer 10 liegt, abgebremst. Es entsteht eine Verzögerung a1 zum Zeitpunkt t1. Zudem wird bei t1 die an der Kraftmesseinrichtung 10 anstehende erste Kraft Fm1 gemessen. Bei einer Verzögerung von a1 < 1g gilt (hier zur Einfachheit mit vernachlässigten Seilgewichten und 1:1 Aufhängung)
Wenn der Fahrkorb 3 still steht und das Gegengewicht 4 auf der Kraftmesseinrichtung 12 am Puffer 10 aufliegt, kann die zweite Kraft Fm2 gemessen werden und es gilt:
Durch Einsetzen ergibt sich:
, wobei gilt:
- mGG
- = Masse des Gegengewichts
- mFK
- = Masse des Fahrkorbs
- Fm1
- = gemessene erste Kraft an der Kraftmesseinrichtung zum Zeitpunkt t1
- Fm2
- = gemessene zweite Kraft an der Kraftmesseinrichtung
- g
- = Erdbeschleunigung
- a1
- = Verzögerung zum Zeitpunkt t1
where:
- MGG
- = Mass of the counterweight
- MFK
- = Mass of the car
- F m1
- = measured first force on the force measuring device at time t 1
- F m2
- = measured second force on the force measuring device
- G
- = Gravitational acceleration
- a 1
- = Delay at time t 1
Die Verzögerung a1 kann wieder durch die zweite Ableitung des gemessenen Abstands nach der Zeit ermittelt werden.The delay a 1 can be determined again by the second derivative of the measured distance after the time.
Die beiden Methoden eigen sich selbstverständlich auch zur Ermittlung des Gegengewicht. Die ermittelten Werte wie Gegengewicht, Fahrkorbgewicht, anteilige Seilgewichte, Geschwindigkeit und Förderhöhe werden automatisch für die Berechnung der dynamischen Treibfähigkeit, der Treibfähigkeit beim Beladen des Fahrkorbs 3, der Übertreibfähigkeit und der Pufferkennlinie bereitgestellt. Der Sachverständige muss nicht mehr im Prüfbuch die Daten suchen.Of course, the two methods are also suitable for determining the counterweight. The determined values such as counterweight, car weight, proportionate rope weights, speed and head are automatically provided for the calculation of the dynamic driving ability, the driving ability when loading the
Die
Im Punkt M1 ist die Bremseinrichtung gelöst und im Punkt M2 die Fangvorrichtung ausgelöst worden. Im Punkt M3 ist wiederum die Bremseinrichtung gelöst und im Punkt M4 die Bremseinrichtung betätigt worden. Im Punkt S6 liegt der Fahrkorb 3 auf dem dazu korrespondierenden Puffer in der Schachtgrube auf.At point M1, the braking device has been released and the safety device has been triggered at point M2. At point M3, in turn, the braking device has been released and the braking device has been actuated at point M4. At point S6, the
Claims (15)
- Arrangement for testing the proper operational capability of an elevator, in which an elevator car (3) is movable inside an elevator shaft having an elevator shaft pit area, where an optical distance measuring device (7) for measuring a change in a distance (A) from an elevator car underside of the elevator car (3) is arranged inside said elevator shaft pit area, and the distance measuring device (7) is connected to a computer (9) for evaluation of the values measured therewith, characterized in that the distance measuring device (7) and the computer (9) are combined in a case.
- Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that a reflector is attached to the elevator car underside for reflecting the transmitted light beams (8), where the reflector is preferably provided with a magnetic foil for attaching said reflector to the elevator car underside.
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one force measuring device (12, 13) for measuring an elevator car weight and/or a counterweight (4) is connected to the computer (9) for evaluation of the further values measured therewith.
- Arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that one or more force measuring devices (12, 13) can be supported on a buffer of the elevator or of a counterweight and can be connected via a cable link to the computer (9), where the force measuring device (12, 13) is preferably a load cell.
- Arrangement according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the case furthermore accommodates the reflector and at least one force measuring device.
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance measuring device (7) is supported on a floor (6) of the elevator shaft pit area and is preferably provided with an adustment device, where said adustment device comprises in particular three supports attached to the underside of the distance measuring device which are variable in their length, for example in the manner of adjusting screws, in order to adjust the optical distance measuring device (7) relative to the reflector attached to the elevator car underside.
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the optical distance measuring device (7) measures and records at least 500, and preferably 700 to 2500, distance values per second.
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance measuring device (7) comprises an optical distance sensor for measuring the change over time of a distance of the elevator car (3) relative to a fixed point located in the elevator shaft.
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the optical distance sensor has a transmitter emitting transmitted light beams (8) along an optical axis, at least one oscillator for modulation of the transmitted light beams (8) and a receiver receiving received light beams with means for determining the running time of received light beams reflected from the elevator car (3) or from the fixed point.
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means for determining the running time comprise a phase difference detector which is connected to the receiver via an electric signal path.
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an electronic signal delay unit is inserted into the electrical signal path, using which a phase difference between the transmitted light beams (8) and the received light beams is set to a predetermined value.
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a synchronous rectifier is provided for determining the phase shift between the transmitted light beams (8) and the received light beams.
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an evaluation unit is provided for evaluating the received signals present at the output of the receiver, and where the receiver has a light-sensitive surface whose normal vector is inclined relative to the optical axis by a given tilt angle.
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tilt angle is in the range from 10° to 30°.
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a low-pass filter, preferably an SG-FIR low-pass filter, is used for evaluation of the measured values.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102009001057A DE102009001057A1 (en) | 2009-02-20 | 2009-02-20 | Proper operational characteristics e.g. traction characteristics, testing method for lift, involves measuring change of distance between lift cage and fixed measurement point in lift shaft mine opening for determining characteristic values |
DE102009001055A DE102009001055A1 (en) | 2009-02-20 | 2009-02-20 | Proper operational characteristics e.g. traction characteristics, testing method for lift, involves measuring change of distance between lift cage and fixed measurement point in lift shaft mine opening for determining characteristic values |
DE102009001056A DE102009001056A1 (en) | 2009-02-20 | 2009-02-20 | Proper operational characteristics e.g. traction characteristics, testing method for lift, involves measuring change of distance between lift cage and fixed measurement point in lift shaft mine opening for determining characteristic values |
DE200910026992 DE102009026992A1 (en) | 2009-06-17 | 2009-06-17 | Proper operational characteristics e.g. traction characteristics, testing method for lift, involves measuring change of distance between lift cage and fixed measurement point in lift shaft mine opening for determining characteristic values |
DE200910028596 DE102009028596A1 (en) | 2009-08-17 | 2009-08-17 | Proper operational characteristics e.g. traction characteristics, testing method for lift, involves measuring change of distance between lift cage and fixed measurement point in lift shaft mine opening for determining characteristic values |
EP20100153413 EP2221268B1 (en) | 2009-02-20 | 2010-02-12 | Method and assembly for testing that a lift is functioning correctly |
Related Parent Applications (3)
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EP20100153413 Division EP2221268B1 (en) | 2009-02-20 | 2010-02-12 | Method and assembly for testing that a lift is functioning correctly |
EP20100153413 Division-Into EP2221268B1 (en) | 2009-02-20 | 2010-02-12 | Method and assembly for testing that a lift is functioning correctly |
EP10153413.9 Division | 2010-02-12 |
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EP2650245A2 EP2650245A2 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
EP2650245A3 EP2650245A3 (en) | 2014-01-15 |
EP2650245B1 true EP2650245B1 (en) | 2015-09-02 |
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EP20100153413 Active EP2221268B1 (en) | 2009-02-20 | 2010-02-12 | Method and assembly for testing that a lift is functioning correctly |
EP13176188.4A Active EP2650245B1 (en) | 2009-02-20 | 2010-02-12 | Method and assembly for testing that a lift is functioning correctly |
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EP20100153413 Active EP2221268B1 (en) | 2009-02-20 | 2010-02-12 | Method and assembly for testing that a lift is functioning correctly |
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DE102011076241A1 (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2012-09-13 | Dekra Industrial Gmbh | Method and device for checking the proper functioning of an elevator |
CN103987643B (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2016-02-17 | 德凯达协会 | For testing method and the configuration of the inherent function of elevator |
DE102014101381B4 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2017-08-17 | Dekra E.V. | Measuring system and measuring method for testing the safety gear of an elevator |
CN105883519B (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2018-07-17 | 朗格尔电梯有限公司 | Elevator safety management method and its system |
US10745244B2 (en) | 2017-04-03 | 2020-08-18 | Otis Elevator Company | Method of automated testing for an elevator safety brake system and elevator brake testing system |
EP4332039A1 (en) | 2022-08-30 | 2024-03-06 | TÜV SÜD Industrie Service GmbH | Elevator testing by means of measuring the acceleration curve |
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FR1094623A (en) * | 1954-01-06 | 1955-05-23 | ||
DE3911391C5 (en) | 1989-04-07 | 2010-04-29 | TÜV SÜD Industrie Service GmbH | Method and device for checking the driving ability |
DE4211289C2 (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1994-01-05 | Tech Ueberwachungs Verein Hann | Method for measuring the driving ability of a conveyor drive |
BE1014144A3 (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2003-05-06 | Visee Christian | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR EVALUATING A PARAMETER OF A MOVING OBJECT. |
DE10150284A1 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2003-04-30 | Henning Gmbh | Diagnostic device and method for diagnosing elevator systems |
CN1812924B (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2013-01-09 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Elevator rope slip detector and elevator system |
JP5172077B2 (en) * | 2005-05-06 | 2013-03-27 | アズビル株式会社 | Distance / speed meter and distance / speed measurement method |
DE102006011395B4 (en) | 2006-03-09 | 2014-12-31 | TÜV Rheinland Industrie Service GmbH | Measuring device for a driving capability measurement |
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Also Published As
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EP2221268B1 (en) | 2014-04-16 |
EP2221268A1 (en) | 2010-08-25 |
EP2650245A2 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
EP2650245A3 (en) | 2014-01-15 |
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