EP2682708A2 - Fragmentation body, in particular hand grenade body - Google Patents

Fragmentation body, in particular hand grenade body Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2682708A2
EP2682708A2 EP13003353.3A EP13003353A EP2682708A2 EP 2682708 A2 EP2682708 A2 EP 2682708A2 EP 13003353 A EP13003353 A EP 13003353A EP 2682708 A2 EP2682708 A2 EP 2682708A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plastic
metal particles
body according
splinter
fragmentation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13003353.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2682708A3 (en
Inventor
Manfred Klare
Fritz Müller
Klaus Sibum
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Diehl BGT Defence GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
Application filed by Diehl BGT Defence GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Diehl BGT Defence GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP2682708A2 publication Critical patent/EP2682708A2/en
Publication of EP2682708A3 publication Critical patent/EP2682708A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • F42B12/32—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction the hull or case comprising a plurality of discrete bodies, e.g. steel balls, embedded therein or disposed around the explosive charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • F42B12/24—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction with grooves, recesses or other wall weakenings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B27/00—Hand grenades

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a splinter body made of plastic.
  • Hand grenades serve to combat relatively close targets. On the one hand, they have to be relatively light in order to be able to be thrown sufficiently far, but on the other hand, they must also be able to produce a sufficient performance, and thus to achieve a sufficiently high fragmentation effect.
  • a hand grenade known consisting of a grenade body made of plastic, forming a housing, is made in two parts. Inside the hand grenade body, a plurality of individual, in a plastic matrix supported steel balls are added, which act as splinters. Inside this sphere configuration is again the explosive charge, which detonates when ignited and causes fragmentation of the grenade. The splintering effect is essentially achieved by the steel balls, since the hand-grenade body made of plastic itself is too soft or ductile to absorb enough energy during the detonation and thus burst into splinters with a sufficiently high speed.
  • Splinter body but also come in other detonating systems such.
  • dual-mode warheads or caliber ammunition used where also a high fragmentation and performance is desired.
  • the invention is therefore based on the problem of specifying a fragment body, which achieves a sufficiently high splinter effect and thus performance with simple production as a plastic component.
  • a splinter body made of plastic is provided according to the invention, wherein in the plastic a filler in the form of metal particles is introduced.
  • the plastic splinter body according to the invention comprises on the one hand the actual plastic matrix, on the other hand a filler of metal particles homogeneously distributed in the plastic matrix. These metal particles increase the density of the plastic itself, so that result in a detonation of the plastic body thus splinters that are sufficiently dense respectively heavy and can absorb enough energy from the detonation, so that they splinter at a sufficiently high speed.
  • the plastic body itself thus serves to produce splinters. Separate chips, namely the metal balls known from the prior art, are no longer required as a result of the inventive design of the fragment body itself as filled with metal particles plastic and thus splitter component. This simplifies the manufacture and assembly z. As the hand grenade comprising such designed as a grenade body splinter body considerable.
  • the metal particles are preferably introduced in powder form (particle size ⁇ 1 mm) in order to achieve a high degree of filling, of course, depending on the introduced filling quantity, the density of the displaced plastic material and thus the fragmentation effect or performance can be varied. But they can also be introduced in the form of fine granules (particle size ⁇ 1 mm), wherein the granule size should be as small as possible in order to achieve a high degree of filling.
  • metal particles from only one metal, wherein the term "metal” is of course also to be understood as meaning metal alloys. It is also conceivable, however, to introduce as filler a mixture of metal particles of different metallic materials.
  • Particles or powders / granules of iron, aluminum, tungsten or brass can be used as the metal particles, as can of course also be introduced mixtures thereof as described.
  • the degree of filling can ultimately be varied as desired, as long as it is still ensured with regard to the amount of filler introduced that the plastic mixed with the filler can still be processed sufficiently simply to produce the hand grenade body, preferably as an injection-molded part.
  • the degree of filling should be between 10% - 70%, in particular between 50% - 60%.
  • the filler or filler mixture is added to the plastic before its actual shaping, which makes it possible to distribute the filler homogeneously in the plastic material. Then, the loaded plastic is processed for the production of the body, which is primarily a simple injection molding process, ie in the context of which the loaded plastic is injected into an injection mold, takes place.
  • An expedient development of the invention provides to structure the inside of the fragmentation body for generating predetermined breaking points.
  • This structuring makes it possible to achieve a definite fragmentation in the event of detonation, after the splitter body, of course, preferably tears along the predetermined breaking points during the detonation.
  • correspondingly small or large chips can consequently be generated in a relatively defined manner.
  • Such a structuring can be produced preferably by means of correspondingly guided grooves, preferably in a straight line, wherein the grooves can be arranged both longitudinally and transversely (annularly) in this case (ie, they intersect to form a rectangular grid).
  • the fragment body is structured on the inside by means of annular circumferential steps, wherein the grooves pass through the steps vertically.
  • structuring is not mandatory. Without structuring, fragmentation occurs equally, but this then takes place almost undefined, so that there is no at least approximately uniform fragment size.
  • the plastic material chosen is, for example, PP, PA, PA6, PA12, PBT, EVA, SEBS, ABS or PC / ABS.
  • any plastic which has sufficient strength when it is shaped to form the body and which is preferably as brittle as possible, which is beneficial for the fragmentation.
  • the fragment body itself can be in one piece, as long as the construction of the hand grenade made of it permits. However, it is preferred, in particular if it is designed as a hand grenade body, a two-part component, consisting of an upper and a lower part, which enclose a cavity, which is then filled with the explosive charge.
  • the execution of the fragmentation body as a grenade body is not the only application. It is conceivable to integrate the fragmentation body in other areas of application, for example in fragmentation warheads, in dual-mode warheads, or in caliber ammunition.
  • Fig. 1 shows the upper part 1, Fig. 2 the lower part 2 of a splitter body 3 according to the invention (see Fig. 4 ), which by joining the upper part 1 and the lower part 2, via each corresponding locking or connection geometries 4, 5 to the in the mounting position (see Fig. 4 ) have opposite edges, is formed.
  • the upper part 1 and the lower part 2 thus the hand grenade body 3 is completely made of plastic 6, for example PP, PA, PA6, PA 12 or PBT, wherein in the quasi-matrix-forming plastic a filler 7 in the form of metal particles 8, preferably in powder form , are introduced.
  • the metal particles 8 are homogeneously distributed in the matrix-forming plastic 6, which is achieved in that they are introduced before the actual molding process of the plastic, wherein the upper part 1 and the lower part 2 are preferably made in a plastic injection molding process.
  • the metal particles are preferably made of iron, tungsten, aluminum or brass, whereby a mixture of different metal particles can be used.
  • the degree of filling ie the proportion of metal particles relative to the total volume, should be between 10% and 70%, preferably between 50% and 60%. Depending on the amount of added filler, the density of the loaded plastic material can be adjusted, the more metal particles are introduced, the denser or heavier the splitter body and the higher its performance can be adjusted.
  • iron powder can be introduced with the smallest possible particle size up to about 4 g / cm 3 .
  • tungsten powder can be introduced up to about 13 g / cm 3 .
  • brass powder can be introduced to about 4.3 g / cm 3 in the plastic.
  • the inner side 9 of the splitter body 3, respectively the respective inner sides of the upper part 1 and the lower part 2, is provided with a structuring 10, see in particular the perspective view Inside views according to the Fig. 1 and 2 .
  • this structuring comprises longitudinal grooves 11, which, based on the egg-shaped basic shape of the hand grenade body 3, are made of Fig. 4 - Run along the longitudinal axis.
  • the structuring comprises a plurality of individual stages 12, which rotate in a circular manner, as is apparent Fig. 1-3 results.
  • the grooves 11 and the steps 12 extend vertically to one another, so that a corresponding grid-like structuring results, which leads in the case of detonation to a defined rupture or a defined fragmentation. That is, the hand grenade body is thus pre-fragmented, whereby the fragment size can be adjusted via this pre-fragmentation.
  • the inventive combination of the introduction of the metal particles and the pre-fragmentation makes it possible to achieve a better match between the desired performance on the one hand and compliance with a danger zone on the other.
  • Fig. 4 shows a sectional view through a grenade according to the invention comprising a splitter body according to the invention 3. Inside the splitter body 3, a cavity is realized in which an explosive charge 13 is arranged, which can be pressed, poured or used as a compact. Further, a hollow cylindrical receiving space 14 is provided for a firing mechanism not shown here in detail on the upper part.
  • Fig. 1 - 4th shows a splinter body in the form of a grenade body or a hand grenade, but the fragmentation body can also be executed differently or configured for other applications. It may be part of a fragmentation warhead, ie, that there is a plastic splitter body, which is made in the inventive manner by introducing the metal particles "heavier", is provided. Another area of application is in a dual-mode warhead or caliber ammunition.
  • the outer and / or inner contour of the fragment body changes, but not its basic structure consisting of a plastic with introduced filler in the form of metal particles, preferably in powder form and optionally the proposed Vorfragmentleiter, especially in shape by grooves that can be generated during spraying.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The body has a filler (7) that is introduced in the form of metal particles (8) into plastic (6). The metal particles are distributed in a homogeneous manner in the plastic. The metal particles are provided in powder form. The metal particles or metal alloys are introduced from different metals. An egg-shaped outer contour structure is arranged with a set of grooves in the body. A set of annular rotating stages is arranged in the body, where the stages are arranged in a vertical manner with regard to the outer contour. An independent claim is also included for a hand grenade.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Splitterkörper aus Kunststoff.The invention relates to a splinter body made of plastic.

Handgranaten beispielsweise dienen der Bekämpfung relativ nah liegender Ziele. Sie müssen einerseits relativ leicht sein, um hinreichend weit geworfen werden zu können, andererseits müssen sie aber auch in der Lage sein, eine hinreichende Leistung zu erzeugen, mithin also ausreichend hohe Splitterwirkung zu erzielen. Zu diesem Zweck ist beispielsweise aus EP 0 831 291 A1 eine Handgranate bekannt, bestehend aus einem Handgranatenkörper aus Kunststoff, der, ein Gehäuse bildend, zweiteilig ausgeführt ist. Im Inneren des Handgranatenkörpers sind eine Vielzahl einzelner, in einer Kunststoffmatrix gehalterter Stahlkugeln aufgenommen, die als Splitter fungieren. Im Inneren dieser Kugelkonfiguration befindet sich wiederum die Sprengladung, die bei Zündung detoniert und die Zersplitterung der Granate verursacht. Die Splitterwirkung wird im Wesentlichen durch die Stahlkugeln erzielt, da der aus Kunststoff gefertigte Handgranatenkörper selbst zu weich respektive duktil ist, um hinreichend Energie während der Detonation aufzunehmen und folglich in Splitter mit hinreichend hoher Geschwindigkeit zu zerbersten.Hand grenades, for example, serve to combat relatively close targets. On the one hand, they have to be relatively light in order to be able to be thrown sufficiently far, but on the other hand, they must also be able to produce a sufficient performance, and thus to achieve a sufficiently high fragmentation effect. For this purpose, for example EP 0 831 291 A1 a hand grenade known, consisting of a grenade body made of plastic, forming a housing, is made in two parts. Inside the hand grenade body, a plurality of individual, in a plastic matrix supported steel balls are added, which act as splinters. Inside this sphere configuration is again the explosive charge, which detonates when ignited and causes fragmentation of the grenade. The splintering effect is essentially achieved by the steel balls, since the hand-grenade body made of plastic itself is too soft or ductile to absorb enough energy during the detonation and thus burst into splinters with a sufficiently high speed.

Diese mehrteilige Ausgestaltung unter Verwendung der Kugelhülle bestehend aus der Vielzahl der einzelnen Metallkugeln, die in der Kunststoffmatrix fixiert sind, ist jedoch nachteilig. Denn einerseits ist es erforderlich, diese Kugel- oder Splitterhülle separat herzustellen, wozu die Kugeln zunächst entsprechend positioniert und anschließend in die Kunststoffmatrix eingebettet werden müssen. Sodann ist diese Splitterhülle in dem Kunststoffkörper anzuordnen, respektive dieser um die Kunststoffhülle herum zu formen.However, this multi-part configuration using the ball shell consisting of the plurality of individual metal balls, which are fixed in the plastic matrix, is disadvantageous. On the one hand, it is necessary to produce this ball or fragment shell separately, for which purpose the balls must first be appropriately positioned and then embedded in the plastic matrix. Then this fragmentation sheath is to be arranged in the plastic body, respectively to form it around the plastic sheath around.

Splitterkörper kommen aber auch bei anderen detonierenden Systemen wie z. B. bei Splittergefechtsköpfen, Dual-Mode-Gefechtsköpfen oder Kalibermunition zum Einsatz, wo ebenfalls eine hohe Splitterwirkung und Leistung gewünscht wird.Splinter body but also come in other detonating systems such. As in fragmentation warheads, dual-mode warheads or caliber ammunition used where also a high fragmentation and performance is desired.

Der Erfindung liegt damit das Problem zugrunde, einen Splitterkörper anzugeben, der bei einfacher Herstellung als Kunststoffbauteil eine hinreichende hohe Splitterwirkung und damit Leistung erzielt.The invention is therefore based on the problem of specifying a fragment body, which achieves a sufficiently high splinter effect and thus performance with simple production as a plastic component.

Zur Lösung dieses Problems ist erfindungsgemäß ein Splitterkörper aus Kunststoff vorgesehen, wobei in dem Kunststoff ein Füllstoff in Form von Metallpartikeln eingebracht ist.To solve this problem, a splinter body made of plastic is provided according to the invention, wherein in the plastic a filler in the form of metal particles is introduced.

Der erfindungsgemäße Kunststoff-Splitterkörper umfasst einerseits die eigentliche Kunststoffmatrix, andererseits einen in der Kunststoffmatrix homogen verteilten Füllstoff aus Metallpartikeln. Diese Metallpartikel erhöhen die Dichte des Kunststoffs selbst, sodass sich bei einer Detonation des Kunststoffkörpers folglich Splitter ergeben, die hinreichend dicht respektive schwer sind und genügend Energie aus der Detonation aufnehmen können, sodass sie mit hinreichend hoher Geschwindigkeit zersplittern. Der Kunststoffkörper selbst dient also der Splittererzeugung. Separate Splitter, nämlich die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Metallkugeln, sind in Folge der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung des Splitterkörpers selbst als mit Metallpartikeln gefülltem Kunststoff- und damit Splitterbauteil nicht mehr erforderlich. Dies vereinfacht die Herstellung und Montage z. B. der Handgranate umfassend einen solchen als Handgranatenkörper ausgeführten Splitterkörper beachtlich.The plastic splinter body according to the invention comprises on the one hand the actual plastic matrix, on the other hand a filler of metal particles homogeneously distributed in the plastic matrix. These metal particles increase the density of the plastic itself, so that result in a detonation of the plastic body thus splinters that are sufficiently dense respectively heavy and can absorb enough energy from the detonation, so that they splinter at a sufficiently high speed. The plastic body itself thus serves to produce splinters. Separate chips, namely the metal balls known from the prior art, are no longer required as a result of the inventive design of the fragment body itself as filled with metal particles plastic and thus splitter component. This simplifies the manufacture and assembly z. As the hand grenade comprising such designed as a grenade body splinter body considerable.

Die Metallpartikel sind bevorzugt in Pulverform (Teilchengröße < 1 mm) eingebracht, um einen hohen Füllgrad erzielen zu können, wobei sich natürlich in Abhängigkeit der eingebrachten Füllmenge folglich die Dichte des versetzten Kunststoffmaterials und folglich die Splitterwirkung respektive Leistung variieren lässt. Sie können aber auch in Form feinen Granulats (Teilchengröße ≥ 1 mm) eingebracht sein, wobei die Granulatgröße möglichst klein sein sollte, um einen hohen Füllgrad zu erreichen.The metal particles are preferably introduced in powder form (particle size <1 mm) in order to achieve a high degree of filling, of course, depending on the introduced filling quantity, the density of the displaced plastic material and thus the fragmentation effect or performance can be varied. But they can also be introduced in the form of fine granules (particle size ≥ 1 mm), wherein the granule size should be as small as possible in order to achieve a high degree of filling.

Es besteht die Möglichkeit, Metallpartikel aus nur einem Metall einzubringen, wobei unter dem Begriff "Metall" selbstverständlich auch entsprechend Metalllegierungen zu verstehen sind. Denkbar ist es aber auch, als Füllstoff ein Gemisch aus Metallpartikeln unterschiedlicher metallischer Materialien einzubringen.It is possible to incorporate metal particles from only one metal, wherein the term "metal" is of course also to be understood as meaning metal alloys. It is also conceivable, however, to introduce as filler a mixture of metal particles of different metallic materials.

Als Metallpartikel können Partikel oder Pulver/Granulate aus Eisen, Aluminium, Wolfram oder Messing verwendet werden, wie selbstverständlich wie beschrieben auch Mischungen hieraus eingebracht werden können.Particles or powders / granules of iron, aluminum, tungsten or brass can be used as the metal particles, as can of course also be introduced mixtures thereof as described.

Der Füllgrad kann letztlich beliebig variiert werden, solange im Hinblick auf die eingebrachte Füllstoffmenge noch sichergestellt ist, dass sich der mit dem Füllstoff versetzte Kunststoff noch hinreichend einfach zur Herstellung des Handgranatenkörpers vorzugsweise als Spritzgussteil verarbeiten lässt. Der Füllgrad sollte zwischen 10 % - 70 %, insbesondere zwischen 50 % - 60 % betragen. Der Füllstoff oder das Füllstoffgemisch wird dem Kunststoff vor seiner eigentlichen Formgebung zugemischt, was es ermöglicht, den Füllstoff homogen in dem Kunststoffmaterial zu verteilen. Sodann wird der beladene Kunststoff zur Herstellung des Körpers verarbeitet, was vornehmlich über ein einfaches Spritzgussverfahren, im Rahmen dessen also der beladene Kunststoff in eine Spritzgussform gespritzt wird, erfolgt.The degree of filling can ultimately be varied as desired, as long as it is still ensured with regard to the amount of filler introduced that the plastic mixed with the filler can still be processed sufficiently simply to produce the hand grenade body, preferably as an injection-molded part. The degree of filling should be between 10% - 70%, in particular between 50% - 60%. The filler or filler mixture is added to the plastic before its actual shaping, which makes it possible to distribute the filler homogeneously in the plastic material. Then, the loaded plastic is processed for the production of the body, which is primarily a simple injection molding process, ie in the context of which the loaded plastic is injected into an injection mold, takes place.

Eine zweckmäßige Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, die Innenseite des Splitterkörpers zur Erzeugung von Sollbruchstellen zu strukturieren. Diese Strukturierung ermöglicht es, bei der Detonation letztlich eine definierte Zersplitterung zu erzielen, nachdem der Splitterkörper bei der Detonation natürlich bevorzugt entlang der Sollbruchstellen zerreißt. Je nach Art der Strukturierung können folglich entsprechend kleine oder große Splitter relativ definiert erzeugt werden. Eine solche Strukturierung kann bevorzug mittels entsprechend geführter Nuten, vorzugsweise geradlinig verlaufend, erzeugt werden, wobei die Nuten dabei sowohl längs laufend als auch quer laufend (ringförmig) angeordnet sein können (sich also unter Bildung eines Rechteck-Rasters kreuzen). Denkbar ist es aber zusätzlich auch, dass der Splitterkörper innenseitig über ringförmig umlaufende Stufen strukturiert ist, wobei die Nuten die Stufen vertikal durchlaufen.An expedient development of the invention provides to structure the inside of the fragmentation body for generating predetermined breaking points. This structuring makes it possible to achieve a definite fragmentation in the event of detonation, after the splitter body, of course, preferably tears along the predetermined breaking points during the detonation. Depending on the type of structuring, correspondingly small or large chips can consequently be generated in a relatively defined manner. Such a structuring can be produced preferably by means of correspondingly guided grooves, preferably in a straight line, wherein the grooves can be arranged both longitudinally and transversely (annularly) in this case (ie, they intersect to form a rectangular grid). However, it is also conceivable that the fragment body is structured on the inside by means of annular circumferential steps, wherein the grooves pass through the steps vertically.

Eine Strukturierung ist jedoch nicht zwingend erforderlich. Ohne Strukturierung kommt es gleichermaßen zur Zersplitterung, jedoch findet diese dann quasi undefiniert statt, sodass sich keine zumindest näherungsweise einheitliche Splittergröße ergibt.However, structuring is not mandatory. Without structuring, fragmentation occurs equally, but this then takes place almost undefined, so that there is no at least approximately uniform fragment size.

Als Kunststoffmaterial wird beispielsweise PP, PA, PA6, PA12, PBT, EVA, SEBS, ABS oder PC/ABS gewählt. Verwendet werden kann letztlich jeder Kunststoff, der eine hinreichende Festigkeit besitzt, wenn er zur Körperform ausgeformt ist und der vorzugsweise möglichst spröde ist, was der Zersplitterung dienlich ist. Bevorzugt weist der Kunststoff von Haus aus eine möglichst hohe Dichte auf, die sodann durch das Einbringen der Metallpartikel noch weiter erhöht wird.The plastic material chosen is, for example, PP, PA, PA6, PA12, PBT, EVA, SEBS, ABS or PC / ABS. Ultimately, it is possible to use any plastic which has sufficient strength when it is shaped to form the body and which is preferably as brittle as possible, which is beneficial for the fragmentation. Preferably The plastic from the house on the highest possible density, which is then further increased by the introduction of the metal particles.

Der Splitterkörper selbst kann einteilig sein, sofern dies der Aufbau der aus ihm hergestellten Handgranate zulässt. Bevorzugt jedoch ist er, insbesondere wenn er als Handgranatenkörper ausgebildet ist, ein zweiteiliges Bauteil, bestehend aus einem Ober- und einem Unterteil, die einen Hohlraum umschließen, der sodann mit der Sprengladung gefüllt wird.The fragment body itself can be in one piece, as long as the construction of the hand grenade made of it permits. However, it is preferred, in particular if it is designed as a hand grenade body, a two-part component, consisting of an upper and a lower part, which enclose a cavity, which is then filled with the explosive charge.

Wie beschrieben ist die Ausführung des Splitterkörpers als Handgranatenkörper jedoch nicht die einzige Anwendungsmöglichkeit. Denkbar ist es, den Splitterkörper auch in anderen Einsatzbereichen zu integrieren, beispielsweise bei Splittergefechtsköpfen, bei Dual-Mode-Gefechtsköpfen, oder bei Kalibermunition.However, as described, the execution of the fragmentation body as a grenade body is not the only application. It is conceivable to integrate the fragmentation body in other areas of application, for example in fragmentation warheads, in dual-mode warheads, or in caliber ammunition.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem im Folgenden beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel sowie anhand der Zeichnungen. Dabei zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Perspektivansicht mit Blick auf die Innenseite des Oberteils eines erfindungsgemäßen Splitterkörpers in Form eines Handgranatenkörpers,
Fig. 2
eine entsprechende Ansicht des Unterteils des Splitterkörpers,
Fig. 3
eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Schnittansicht durch einen Abschnitt des Splitterkörpers, und
Fig. 4
eine Schnittansicht durch eine unter Verwendung des Splitterkörpers hergestellte Handgranate ohne Zünder.
Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the embodiment described below and with reference to the drawings. Showing:
Fig. 1
a perspective view of the inside of the upper part of a fragment body according to the invention in the form of a grenade body,
Fig. 2
a corresponding view of the lower part of the fragmentation body,
Fig. 3
a schematic representation of a sectional view through a portion of the fragment body, and
Fig. 4
a sectional view through a hand grenade made using the fragment body without detonator.

Fig. 1 zeigt das Oberteil 1, Fig. 2 das Unterteil 2 eines erfindungsgemäßen Splitterkörpers 3 (siehe Fig. 4), der durch Zusammenfügen des Oberteils 1 und des Unterteils 2, die über jeweils entsprechende Rast- oder Verbindungsgeometrien 4, 5 an den in der Montagestellung (siehe Fig. 4) einander gegenüberliegenden Rändern verfügen, gebildet ist. Das Oberteil 1 und das Unterteil 2, mithin also der Handgranatenkörper 3 besteht komplett aus Kunststoff 6, beispielsweise PP, PA, PA6, PA 12 oder PBT, wobei in den quasi Matrix bildenden Kunststoff ein Füllstoff 7 in Form von Metallpartikeln 8, vorzugsweise in Pulverform, eingebracht sind. Die Metallpartikel 8 sind in dem Matrix bildenden Kunststoff 6 homogen verteilt, was dadurch erreicht wird, dass sie bereits vor dem eigentlichen Formgebungsprozess des Kunststoffs eingebracht werden, wobei das Oberteil 1 und das Unterteil 2 vorzugsweise in einem Kunststoffspritzverfahren hergestellt sind. Die Metallpartikel bestehen bevorzugt aus Eisen, Wolfram, Aluminium oder Messing, wobei auch ein Gemisch aus unterschiedlichen Metallpartikeln verwendet werden kann. Der Füllgrad, also der Anteil an Metallpartikeln bezogen auf das Gesamtvolumen, sollte zwischen 10 % - 70 % betragen, vorzugsweise zwischen 50 % - 60 %. Je nach Menge an zugegebenen Füllstoff kann die Dichte des beladenen Kunststoffmaterials eingestellt werden, je mehr Metallpartikel eingebracht werden, umso dichter respektive schwerer wird der Splitterkörper und umso höher kann seine Leistung eingestellt werden. Fig. 1 shows the upper part 1, Fig. 2 the lower part 2 of a splitter body 3 according to the invention (see Fig. 4 ), which by joining the upper part 1 and the lower part 2, via each corresponding locking or connection geometries 4, 5 to the in the mounting position (see Fig. 4 ) have opposite edges, is formed. The upper part 1 and the lower part 2, thus the hand grenade body 3 is completely made of plastic 6, for example PP, PA, PA6, PA 12 or PBT, wherein in the quasi-matrix-forming plastic a filler 7 in the form of metal particles 8, preferably in powder form , are introduced. The metal particles 8 are homogeneously distributed in the matrix-forming plastic 6, which is achieved in that they are introduced before the actual molding process of the plastic, wherein the upper part 1 and the lower part 2 are preferably made in a plastic injection molding process. The metal particles are preferably made of iron, tungsten, aluminum or brass, whereby a mixture of different metal particles can be used. The degree of filling, ie the proportion of metal particles relative to the total volume, should be between 10% and 70%, preferably between 50% and 60%. Depending on the amount of added filler, the density of the loaded plastic material can be adjusted, the more metal particles are introduced, the denser or heavier the splitter body and the higher its performance can be adjusted.

Wird Eisenpulver als Füllstoff verwendet, so kann das Eisenpulver mit einer möglichst kleinen Korngröße bis ca. 4 g/cm3 eingebracht werden. Wird Wolfram als Füllstoff verwendet, so kann Wolframpulver bis ca. 13 g/cm3 eingebracht werden. Im Fall der Verwendung von Messing als Füllstoff kann Messingpulver bis ca. 4,3 g/cm3 in den Kunststoff eingebracht werden.If iron powder is used as filler, the iron powder can be introduced with the smallest possible particle size up to about 4 g / cm 3 . If tungsten is used as filler, tungsten powder can be introduced up to about 13 g / cm 3 . In the case of the use of brass as a filler brass powder can be introduced to about 4.3 g / cm 3 in the plastic.

Um ausgehend von einem aus einem solchen "schweren" Kunststoff hergestellten Splitterkörper eine möglichst definierte Zersplitterung zu erzielen, ist die Innenseite 9 des Splitterkörpers 3, respektive die jeweiligen Innenseiten des Oberteils 1 und des Unterteils 2, mit einer Strukturierung 10 versehen, siehe insbesondere die perspektivischen Innenseitenansichten gemäß der Fig. 1 und 2. Diese Strukturierung umfasst zum einen längslaufende Nuten 11, die - bezogen auf die eiförmige Grundform des Handgranatenkörpers 3 aus Fig. 4 - entlang der Längsachse verlaufen. Ferner umfasst die Strukturierung eine Mehrzahl einzelner Stufen 12, die ringförmig umlaufen, wie sich aus Fig. 1 - 3 ergibt. Ersichtlich verlaufen also die Nuten 11 und die Stufen 12 vertikal zueinander, sodass sich eine entsprechende rastermäßige Strukturierung ergibt, die im Falle der Detonation zu einem definierten Zerreißen respektive einer definierten Zersplitterung führt. D. h., dass der Handgranatenkörper folglich vorfragmentiert ist, wobei über diese Vorfragmentierung die Splittergröße eingestellt werden kann. Die erfindungsgemäße Kombination aus der Einbringung der Metallpartikel und der Vorfragmentierung ermöglicht es, eine bessere Anpassung zwischen gewünschter Leistung auf der einen Seite und Einhaltung eines Gefahrenbereichs auf der anderen Seite zu erzielen.In order to achieve as defined fragmentation on the basis of a splinter body made of such a "heavy" plastic, the inner side 9 of the splitter body 3, respectively the respective inner sides of the upper part 1 and the lower part 2, is provided with a structuring 10, see in particular the perspective view Inside views according to the Fig. 1 and 2 , On the one hand, this structuring comprises longitudinal grooves 11, which, based on the egg-shaped basic shape of the hand grenade body 3, are made of Fig. 4 - Run along the longitudinal axis. Furthermore, the structuring comprises a plurality of individual stages 12, which rotate in a circular manner, as is apparent Fig. 1-3 results. As can be seen, therefore, the grooves 11 and the steps 12 extend vertically to one another, so that a corresponding grid-like structuring results, which leads in the case of detonation to a defined rupture or a defined fragmentation. That is, the hand grenade body is thus pre-fragmented, whereby the fragment size can be adjusted via this pre-fragmentation. The inventive combination of the introduction of the metal particles and the pre-fragmentation makes it possible to achieve a better match between the desired performance on the one hand and compliance with a danger zone on the other.

Anstelle der beschriebenen gestuften Ausgestaltung wäre es grundsätzlich auch denkbar, eine Strukturierung auch hier über ringförmig umlaufende Nuten zu erwirken, wobei dann die Innenseite eine entsprechende eiförmige, ungestufte jedoch über ein Rechteck-Nutenmuster vorfragmentierte Kontur besäße.Instead of the described stepped configuration, it would also be conceivable, in principle, to obtain a structuring via annular circumferential grooves, in which case the inside would have a corresponding egg-shaped, non-stepped contour which was pre-fragmented over a rectangular groove pattern.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Schnittansicht durch eine erfindungsgemäße Handgranate umfassend einen erfindungsgemäßen Splitterkörper 3. Im Inneren des Splitterkörpers 3 ist ein Hohlraum realisiert, in dem eine Sprengladung 13 angeordnet ist, die eingepresst, eingegossen oder als Pressling eingesetzt werden kann. Ferner ist am Oberteil ein hohlzylindrischer Aufnahmeraum 14 für einen hier nicht näher gezeigten Zündmechanismus vorgesehen. Fig. 4 shows a sectional view through a grenade according to the invention comprising a splitter body according to the invention 3. Inside the splitter body 3, a cavity is realized in which an explosive charge 13 is arranged, which can be pressed, poured or used as a compact. Further, a hollow cylindrical receiving space 14 is provided for a firing mechanism not shown here in detail on the upper part.

Wenngleich das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß der Fig. 1 - 4 einen Splitterkörper in Form eines Handgranatenkörpers respektive einer Handgranate zeigt, kann der Splitterkörper aber auch anders ausgeführt respektive für andere Einsatzbereiche konfiguriert sein. Er kann Teil eines Splittergefechtskopfs sein, d. h., dass auch dort ein Kunststoff-Splitterkörper, der jedoch auf die erfindungsgemäße Weise durch Einbringen der Metallpartikel "schwerer" gemacht ist, vorgesehen wird. Ein anderer Einsatzbereich ist bei einem Dual-Mode-Gefechtskopf oder bei Kalibermunition. Das bedeutet, dass sich folglich je nach Einsatz grundsätzlich die Außen- und/oder Innenkontur des Splitterkörpers ändert, nicht aber sein grundsätzlicher Aufbau bestehend aus einem Kunststoff mit eingebrachtem Füllstoff in Form von Metallpartikeln, vorzugsweise in Pulverform und gegebenenfalls der vorgesehenen Vorfragmentierung, insbesondere in Form durch Nuten, die bereits beim Spritzen erzeugt werden können.Although the embodiment according to the Fig. 1 - 4th shows a splinter body in the form of a grenade body or a hand grenade, but the fragmentation body can also be executed differently or configured for other applications. It may be part of a fragmentation warhead, ie, that there is a plastic splitter body, which is made in the inventive manner by introducing the metal particles "heavier", is provided. Another area of application is in a dual-mode warhead or caliber ammunition. This means that depending on the application, in principle, the outer and / or inner contour of the fragment body changes, but not its basic structure consisting of a plastic with introduced filler in the form of metal particles, preferably in powder form and optionally the proposed Vorfragmentierung, especially in shape by grooves that can be generated during spraying.

Claims (13)

Splitterkörper, insbesondere Handgranatenkörper, aus Kunststoff,
wobei in den Kunststoff (6) ein Füllstoff (7) in Form von Metallpartikeln (8) eingebracht ist.Fragment body, in particular hand grenade body, made of plastic,
wherein in the plastic (6) a filler (7) in the form of metal particles (8) is introduced. Splitterkörper nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Metallpartikel (8) homogen im Kunststoff (6) verteilt sind.Splinter body according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the metal particles (8) are homogeneously distributed in the plastic material (6). Splitterkörper nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Metallpartikel (8) in Pulverform eingebracht sind.Splinter body according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the metal particles (8) are introduced in powder form. Splitterkörper nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass Metallpartikel (8) aus unterschiedlichen Metallen oder Metalllegierungen eingebracht sind.Splinter body according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that metal particles (8) made of different metals or metal alloys are introduced. Splitterkörper nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Metallpartikel (8) Eisen, Aluminium, Wolfram oder Messing sind.Splinter body according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the metal particles (8) iron, aluminum, tungsten or brass. Splitterkörper nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Füllgrad zwischen 10 % - 70 %, insbesondere zwischen 50 % - 60 % beträgt.Splinter body according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the degree of filling between 10% - 70%, in particular between 50% - 60%. Handgranatenkörper nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass seine Innenseite (9) zur Erzeugung von Sollbruchstellen strukturiert ist.Grenade body according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that its inner side (9) is structured to produce predetermined breaking points. Splitterkörper nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass zur Strukturierung (10), vorzugsweise geradlinig verlaufende, Nuten (11) vorgesehen sind.Splinter body according to claim 7,
characterized,
in that grooves (11), preferably rectilinear, are provided for structuring (10). Splitterkörper nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass er, insbesondere bei einer eiförmigen Außenkontur, innenseitig über ringförmig umlaufende Stufen (12) strukturiert ist, wobei die Nuten (11) die Stufen (12) vertikal durchlaufen.Splinter body according to claim 8,
characterized,
in that , in particular in the case of an egg-shaped outer contour, it is structured on the inside by annular circumferential steps (12), wherein the grooves (11) pass through the steps (12) vertically. Splitterkörper nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass er aus PP, PA, PA6, PA12, PBT, EVA, SEBS, ABS oder PC/ABS ist.Splinter body according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that it is made of PP, PA, PA6, PA12, PBT, EVA, SEBS, ABS or PC / ABS. Splitterkörper nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass er zweiteilig ist.Splinter body according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that he is in two parts. Splitterkörper nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass er ein Handgranatenkörper ist.Splinter body according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that he is a grenade body. Handgranate, umfassend einen Splitterkörper (3) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche mit in seinem Inneren aufgenommener Sprengladung (13).Hand grenade comprising a fragmentation body (3) according to one of the preceding claims with an explosive charge (13) received in its interior.
EP13003353.3A 2012-07-06 2013-07-02 Fragmentation body, in particular hand grenade body Withdrawn EP2682708A3 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012013575.0A DE102012013575B4 (en) 2012-07-06 2012-07-06 Splinter body, in particular grenade body

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022131994A1 (en) * 2020-12-14 2022-06-23 Saab Ab A fragmentation warhead and a method of manufacturing of a fragmentation warhead

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