EP2667132A2 - Installation de four et procédé de fonctionnement de l'installation de four - Google Patents

Installation de four et procédé de fonctionnement de l'installation de four Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2667132A2
EP2667132A2 EP13167263.6A EP13167263A EP2667132A2 EP 2667132 A2 EP2667132 A2 EP 2667132A2 EP 13167263 A EP13167263 A EP 13167263A EP 2667132 A2 EP2667132 A2 EP 2667132A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light metal
furnace
metal components
furnace installation
air flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13167263.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2667132B1 (fr
EP2667132A3 (fr
Inventor
Jochem Grewe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH filed Critical Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
Publication of EP2667132A2 publication Critical patent/EP2667132A2/fr
Publication of EP2667132A3 publication Critical patent/EP2667132A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2667132B1 publication Critical patent/EP2667132B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/24—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/3005—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/007—Partitions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0073—Seals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a furnace for the thermal treatment of light metal components according to the features in the preamble of claim 1, 16.
  • the present invention further relates to a method for the thermal treatment of light metal components according to the features in the preamble of claim 11, 25.
  • the hot forming and press-hardening technology gives the steel high-strength or even very high-strength properties, which is why it was still possible to reduce the specific weight of the components, and at the same time to increase the strength values.
  • Another approach is the use of light metal components to reduce the specific weight of the vehicle body and thus the entire motor vehicle.
  • light metal components made of aluminum alloys are used.
  • furnace systems can only be operated inefficiently, which further increases the production costs of the already more expensive light metal material compared to steel.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore, starting from the prior art, to provide a furnace for the thermal treatment of light metal components and a method for operating the furnace, with the efficient mass production of light metal components can be carried out and which is inexpensive to operate.
  • the furnace system according to the invention for the thermal treatment of light metal components wherein the light metal components are continuously conveyed through the furnace and the furnace has a heat source is characterized in that in the furnace system, an air flow is recirculated and therefore only those occurring to the board or the component and as leakage currents Energy must be replenished, the light metal components in the furnace convection are heated by the air flow and each entering the furnace light metal component and each exiting the furnace light metal component as a sealing bulkhead prevent the air flow from escaping from the furnace.
  • a light metal component may be an already completely formed component, but also a component in an intermediate molding stage or even a printed circuit board, which is formed after the thermal treatment.
  • Light metal components made of an aluminum alloy, in particular of an aluminum wrought alloy, are preferably treated with the furnace installation according to the invention.
  • the respective components are placed on a temporally clocked or continuously running conveyor, and then occur one behind the other at a uniform distance and preferably at regular intervals by additional bulkheads separated into the furnace system.
  • the furnace installation is formed in an inlet such that a light metal component entering the furnace system as well as an outlet of a light metal component exiting from the furnace system acts as a sealing bulkhead, so that the air flow circulated within the furnace system does not escape from the furnace system.
  • a delivery of the components to be heated is possible in such a way that the delivery is carried out continuously so that there is no interruption.
  • components are placed on the conveyor belt continuously at the entrance of the furnace, transported through the furnace and removed at the exit of the furnace from the transporters again.
  • the continuous promotion is still to be understood in such a way that it operates in the cycle of production with upstream and downstream production equipment.
  • the conveyor belt can be stopped briefly each for placing a new component and then optionally for simultaneous removal at the outlet of the furnace system of the heated component and then start again, until the next component.
  • one or more heat sources are arranged which generate at least one predetermined temperature.
  • the temperature is preferably a temperature between 100 ° C. and 600 ° C., which then generates a flow of air through a circulating device, in particular through an air circulation device arranged inside the furnace in conjunction with a channel system formed in the furnace system Furnace transported light metal components flows.
  • the heated air flow then exchanges heat due to the forced convection with the surface of the light metal components, so that there is a heat transfer from air flow to light metal component.
  • the furnace system according to the invention uses the high thermal conductivity of aluminum in conjunction with the relatively large surface relative to the mass of the light metal component, so that within a very short time a thermal treatment, in particular a heating of the light metal component is feasible.
  • an exit region is again formed such that the air flow is prevented from escaping from the furnace by the emerging from the furnace light metal components.
  • the air stream may be any type of gas stream, for example also the stream of a reaction gas.
  • the furnace installation according to the invention has the advantage that the entire installation does not first have to be heated when it starts up at the start of production, but only the air circulated in the furnace installation has to be appropriately tempered.
  • the furnace system according to the invention can thus work with an effective efficiency, at significantly lower energy costs in relation to a heating system that operates on the heat radiation or even the induction principle. Just By circulating the air flow and preventing the escape of the air flow, it is possible, in conjunction with a thermal encapsulation of the furnace, to reheat the once heated air flow through the heat source again and again only slightly, as a result of which the energy costs during operation of the furnace installation according to the invention are very low ,
  • the heat source is designed as an electric heater and / or as a fuel heater.
  • the heat source is installed inside the furnace after and / or in front of the circulation system.
  • the thus heated air flow or gas flow is particularly preferably passed directly to the light metal components, so that no flow losses between heated directly from the heat source air flow and a long flow channel system. After passing through the air flow of the light metal components, this meets a channel system and in turn is supplied to the circulation device, wherein it is reheated shortly before or after the circulation then again by a heat source arranged there to the desired temperature.
  • the choice of the heat source as an electric heater or as a fuel heater is particularly dependent on the energy availability, the energy costs and the size of the furnace installation according to the invention. For smaller quantities, it makes sense to use an electric heater. In the context of the invention, however, both types of heating can be combined, so that the furnace system can be used modularly for various purposes.
  • the circulating means are arranged as circulating air blowers within the furnace.
  • the circulating air blowers may for example also be arranged in the duct system or after passing through the air flow of the light metal components, so that the initially sometimes up to 600 ° C hot air flow or gas flow has cooled to the light metal components, before he the circulating air blower happens.
  • the circulating air fans are thus not the temperature maxima of more than 400 ° C or even more than 500 ° C exposed, but can be operated in a warm air flow at about 100 ° C to 400 ° C.
  • the circulating air blower can then be used in different blower stages, so that the air or gas flow velocity with which the air flow flows over the light metal components is adjustable.
  • This allows in conjunction with a temperature control two adjustment parameters, so that the heating of the light metal components by the flow velocity and / or the temperature of the air flow can be adjusted.
  • the furnace system is thermally encapsulated, wherein further preferably at the inlet and / or outlet of the furnace sealing elements are arranged, wherein the sealing elements are very particularly preferably designed as exchangeable mold panels.
  • the thermal encapsulation is, for example, a jacket insulation of the furnace, so that residual heat does not escape after passing through the light metal components or when passing the channel system from the furnace.
  • the inlet and the outlet are each designed so that successive light metal components that continuously enter the furnace system or emerge from this, the inlet and / or the outlet seal such that too small an amount of air circulating within the furnace air flow escapes , Unavoidable hot air / gas flow passing through gaps at the inlet and outlet can be collected by means of overlapping hoods and returned to the circulation, whereby the efficiency can be further increased.
  • the sealing elements are formed at the inlet and / or at the outlet, wherein the sealing elements are preferably formed as a form of aperture.
  • the sealing elements are preferably formed as a form of aperture.
  • At least two temperature zones are preferably formed in the furnace installation, wherein the light metal components can be used as a sealing bulkhead between the zones, in particular interchangeable mold panels are arranged at a transition between the zones.
  • a first temperature zone and a second temperature zone is thus formed in an oven with two different temperature zones such that each passing from one zone to the other zone light metal component as a sealing bulkhead of a crossing, analogous to the principle at the entrance or on Exit the furnace system acts.
  • interchangeable mold panels are arranged so that in light metal components with different geometric dimensions from each other high air tightness is also formed between the zones.
  • a different thermal heat treatment can take place by selecting the air flow velocity and / or the air temperature.
  • two circulating air fans can then also be arranged, for example, which generate different flow velocities in the respective zone.
  • two heat sources can be used to generate different temperatures within the furnace be arranged.
  • the furnace installation can also have 3, 4, 5 or more zones, wherein it is again possible to assign a circulating-air blower and a heat source corresponding to each zone.
  • a temperature zone may also be formed as a cooling zone, so that here flows around in relation to the heat treatment zone cold air flow of, for example, only 50 ° C or even only 10 ° C, the light metal components.
  • the mold apertures on an opening which correspond substantially to an orthogonal to the conveying direction arranged transverse surface of the light metal components. This ensures that even with a slightly inclined light metal plate only small gaps in the passage of the board through the mold aperture are given, so that a loss of air flow is avoided.
  • the furnace installation has a drying zone in the region of its inlet and / or a cooling zone in the region of its outlet. This makes it possible to first dry in the drying zone located on the light metal components lubricant or other coating or to remove it from the light metal components. Subsequently, the light metal components are thermally treated in the at least one temperature zone and optionally then cooled again in a cooling zone located at the outlet of the furnace.
  • the cooling can be carried out at a component temperature of 100 ° C or even 50 ° C or even at room temperature.
  • a thermal treatment, solution annealing, aging, annealing controlled to be completed.
  • the circulated air flow within the furnace system when passing the light metal components is guided over this area, so that the air flow flows over the light metal components areally.
  • Overflow takes place in this case a heat exchange of the heated / cold air or the warm gas to the colder or warmer in this light metal component instead.
  • the respectively set in the light metal component temperature can then be adjusted in turn by selecting mutually different air temperatures or else from different flow rates. It is possible to adjust the parameters of temperature and flow rate in only one temperature zone, so that different components on the same furnace system are thermally treated. In the case of two or more temperature zones, it is also possible to individually adjust the flow rate and the temperature in each individual zone.
  • the light metal components are preferably transported on a conveyor belt, in particular on a chain conveyor, through the furnace system.
  • the conveyor belt in particular the chain conveyor, recordings with fixations, in which the light metal components, in particular in the form of boards are substantially vertically oriented storable.
  • the system becomes more compact. so that the air flow flows over the components substantially in the vertical orientation from bottom to top or from top to bottom.
  • the transport direction is then substantially in the horizontal direction, so that the vertically oriented components between the zones and at the inlet and at the outlet take over the respective Strömungsleit- and sealing function.
  • Components can be arranged at an angle.
  • the light metal components themselves are heatable to a temperature between 200 ° and 450 ° C within the furnace.
  • the aluminum alloy used in each case, in particular aluminum wrought alloy which later produces a good formability or a corresponding homogeneous structure with the desired strength properties.
  • the method according to the invention it is possible, in particular light alloy components arranged one behind the other, very particularly preferably to provide light metal blanks on a conveyor belt and to guide them continuously through a furnace installation.
  • a warm air or gas stream is then generated by means of a heat source and circulated by a circulating air blower, so that the warm air or Gas stream overflows the light metal components.
  • the light metal component itself then heats up due to convection forced on the surface of the light metal component, in particular on an upper side and also a lower side of the light metal component, whereby the light metal component, in particular when using an aluminum alloy due to the good thermal conductivity in a very short time of sometimes only a few seconds warm up.
  • the respective inlet opening or outlet opening is sealed by the respectively passing light metal component at an inlet and also at an outlet of the furnace system, so that the air or gas flow generated within the furnace system hardly escapes to the air surrounding the furnace.
  • two or three light metal components passing successively through the inlet opening can then assume a sealing function, as it were. The same applies to the outlet opening.
  • the furnace itself it is possible to adjust the heating of the light metal component by selecting the flow rate of the air or gas stream and / or the air or gas temperature of the air or gas stream. Also, two, three or more temperature zones may be subdivided within the furnace system, wherein in each zone then different heating effects are carried out on the light metal component by the parameters flow velocity of the air flow or else the temperature of the air flow.
  • thermally treated light metal components can be supplied in the context of the invention, in particular in a cycle time of less than 15 seconds per component to another processing method.
  • the furnace has a drying zone and a cooling zone, wherein in the drying zone, the light metal components passing through the drying zone are dried, in particular a Dried on the light metal components existing lubricant. Furthermore, in a cooling zone, the light metal component can be cooled to a cold aging temperature.
  • a cooling zone is particularly preferably arranged at the end of the furnace installation, however, one or more cooling zones can also be arranged between the individual temperature zones so that a heated component is cooled and subsequently reheated.
  • the mold apertures arranged in the furnace installation are preferably exchanged depending on the light metal components to be treated.
  • the mold apertures are selected in particular such that a transverse cutting surface, which is arranged orthogonally to the transport direction, seals in the best possible manner in conjunction with the light metal component passing through the mold aperture or even with two or three passing light metal components, so that the air flow can not escape.
  • the object of the invention with a furnace for the thermal treatment of light metal components, wherein the light metal components are continuously conveyed through the furnace and the furnace has a heat source, achieved in that in the furnace system, an air flow is recirculated, wherein the light metal components in the Furnace convection are heated by the air flow and the light metal components can be transported on a conveyor through the furnace system, wherein at intervals to each other partitions on the Conveyor are arranged and at least one light metal component between two partitions can be arranged.
  • the light metal components can also have three-dimensional complex shaped geometries.
  • the furnace installation can be used in the use of partitions and arranging at least one light metal components between two partitions for different production series, without having to be retrofitted.
  • different sized light metal components in particular light metal boards to convey directly successively through the furnace installation according to the invention, wherein the sealing function is taken over by the partitions and the boards are easy to insert in plug-in or recording devices between the partitions.
  • the furnace installation according to the invention can be used flexibly without the need for set-up times for retrofitting the furnace installation to a new production series. This saves acquisition and maintenance costs of the furnace installation according to the invention.
  • the furnace installation also optionally has at least two temperature zones which are different from one another, in which the components are heated to different temperatures from one another. It is thus possible, for example, first to heat the component in stages and / or to cool it in stages.
  • the partitions are in particular designed such that they act as a sealing bulkhead, wherein when passing through a partition wall of an inlet and / or outlet and / or a transfer occurs a seal, so that the air flow is prevented from escaping from the furnace ,
  • a continuous seal by two successive partitions at the inlet and / or the outlet and / or the crossing takes place.
  • the crossing is arranged between two temperature zones, so that the component to be conveyed passes from one temperature zone into the other temperature zone.
  • the dividing walls are preferably arranged within the scope of the invention such that, by virtue of their angular position, the inlet and / or the outlet and / or the passage is essentially sealed by two partition walls, so that a respective air flow is at the outlet from the furnace installation or else at is prevented from a transition from one temperature zone to the other temperature zone.
  • the partitions are arranged interchangeably on the conveyor.
  • the partitions can be arranged at a greater distance on the conveyor, whereas when heating only one light metal component between two partitions, the partitions can be arranged at a distance to each other, the only one small gap between partition, component and component and next partition leaves, so that the air flow can flow over the light metal component.
  • the conveyor is designed in particular as a chain conveyor or as a conveyor belt.
  • the partitions can be arranged before entering the chain conveyor and are removable after the exit of the chain conveyor. This ensures that in a return of the chain conveyor only a small footprint is needed, which would otherwise be significantly larger by opposite the chain conveyor projecting partitions. It is thus a much smaller return cross-sectional area required in relation to the cross-sectional area of the conveyor through the furnace, wherein on the conveyor corresponding partitions are placed.
  • the air flow in the furnace system of the partitions itself is conducted, in particular two different air streams in two different temperature zones are separated by a partition wall, wherein the air flow flows over the light metal components areally.
  • the partitions By the partitions, it is again possible to separate different temperature zones from each other, wherein the individual air streams are passed through the partitions such that they do not substantially transgress into a different temperature zone.
  • the partitions can furthermore preferably be designed as insulated, so that the heat conduction from a temperature zone into the second temperature zone is kept low by the partition wall itself.
  • the partitions may be particularly preferably coated in the context of the invention, so that the partitions absorb only a small amount of heat energy from the air flow which also flows over the partitions. In particular, this is a thermally insulating coating.
  • the partitions are arranged at an angle on the conveyor, in particular at an angle between 10 ° and 80 °, more preferably at an angle between 20 ° and 70 °, most preferably at an angle between 30 ° and 60 ° and preferably at an angle between 40 ° and 50 °.
  • Another aspect of the invention is a method for operating a furnace, wherein the furnace system comprises a continuous conveyor for light metal components and at least two partitions are arranged on the conveyor, wherein in each case a light metal component is positioned between two partitions and then passes through the furnace system, wherein further in particular from each other different temperature zones are separated by the partitions.
  • a sealing of the interior of the furnace system thus takes place by means of the partitions running continuously on the conveyor, wherein the light metal components arranged between the partitions are thermally treated by an air stream circulated within the furnace.
  • two successive partitions in particular seal off the inlet region and / or the outlet region and / or a transition region, wherein the air flow circulated in the furnace system, in particular in the respective temperature zone of the furnace circulated air flow at an escape from the furnace or at a trespassing be prevented in a different temperature zone.
  • the furnace system according to the invention for the thermal treatment of light metal components, wherein the light metal components are continuously conveyed through the furnace and the furnace has a heat source is characterized in a third embodiment, characterized in that in the furnace an air flow is circulated, wherein the light metal components in the furnace convection through the air flow can be heated and the light metal components can be transported on a conveyor through the furnace, wherein an inlet and / or outlet of the furnace are sealed by relatively movable bulkhead.
  • the relatively movable bulkheads are designed in particular as quick-opening and quick-closing bulkheads, the bulkheads, as a relative movement, particularly preferably performing a translational movement.
  • a mounted on the conveyor light metal component is transported in the direction of the furnace and shortly before entering the furnace opens the bulkhead, then enters the light metal component in the furnace and immediately after entering the furnace closes the bulkhead again.
  • a relatively movable bulkhead is arranged between two different temperature zones.
  • three relatively movable bulkhead to arrange at the entry, at least one transition between two different temperature zones and at an outlet of the furnace system according to the invention, each briefly open when passing a light metal component and immediately close again.
  • the bulkheads can be actuated simultaneously within the scope of the invention; in particular, this embodiment offers itself at light metal components arranged on the conveyor at continuous intervals. All bulkheads then open at the same time, in the variant with three bulkheads, three light metal components then enter a respectively adjacent room of the kiln plant and the bulkheads close on top of it. In particular, when switching off or shutdown of the circulated air flow, this embodiment is advantageous.
  • each bulkhead can also be opened and closed individually and thus separately. In particular, when discontinuously arranged on the conveyor light metal components an individual opening and closing of each bulkhead is advantageous.
  • a relatively movable, in particular fast-opening bulkhead is preferably designed as a sliding gate, wherein the bulkhead with respect to the conveying direction of the light metal components is movable upwards or to one side, wherein the bulkhead is further preferably in two parts, so that in each case one Part of the bulkhead is slidable to one side of the furnace.
  • the relatively movable bulkhead to a long travel path to open against a one-piece bulkhead is avoided.
  • an actuator is connected to this, wherein the actuator further preferably performs a linear movement and is pneumatically, hydraulically or electrically driven.
  • An electromechanically drivable actuator is also possible within the scope of the invention.
  • the actuator itself should be mechanically robust and simple, so that it is not susceptible to thermal expansions due to the thermal stresses of the furnace system and possibly control electronics as possible in the edge region or outside the furnace itself is arranged, which here no defects occur due to the thermal loads.
  • the furnace is surrounded by a shell
  • the bulkhead themselves are arranged in particular within the shell or that the bulkhead pass through the shell and are movable to open and close in a slot through the shell
  • In the first embodiment is especially at Bulk at a transition area from a temperature zone to a second temperature zone, which are arranged within the shell, avoiding escape of heat energy through slots for opening and closing the bulkhead.
  • this is only practicable with smaller opening widths of the bulkhead in order to keep the outer dimensions of the shell also small or low.
  • an opening of the bulkhead of 1 m or more is necessary, it is within the scope of the invention advantageous if the bulkheads are movable through a respective slot of the shell. The bulkheads then leave at least partially when opening the interior of the furnace and return when closing turn back into this.
  • thermal insulation measures are provided in the slot area to reduce heat loss through the slot.
  • this is a thermal seal.
  • the bulkheads themselves are coated and / or thermally insulated. In this way, it is again possible, on the one hand, to keep low the heat input due to the air stream passing over the bulkhead and, on the other hand, to prevent the heat from escaping by heat conduction through the bulkhead at the inlet and / or outlet and the different temperature zones by a heat-insulated bulkhead at a heat transfer from one temperature zone to the next by heat conduction over the bulkhead also to prevent.
  • Another part of the invention is a method for operating the furnace system with relatively movable bulkhead, wherein the conveyor is fitted with a light metal component and the light metal component is conveyed into the furnace, wherein the bulkhead is opened at the entrance of the furnace system shortly before the light metal component enters and directly after entering the light metal component is closed and / or wherein the bulkhead at the outlet of the furnace system is opened shortly before the light metal component exits and is closed again directly after the light metal component exits the furnace system.
  • the circulating within the furnace air flow is exposed or reduced when opening a bulkhead and started again after the closing of the bulkhead or increased. This prevents that the heat leakage from the furnace or the heat transfer is reduced to different temperature zones during the opening and closing of the bulkhead to a minimum. The energy costs for operating the system are thereby reduced.
  • the furnace installation according to the invention and the method for operating the furnace installation can be used so flexibly that different production lines of metal components to be heated can be thermally treated with the furnace installation without long set-up times.
  • the relatively movable bulkheads are only opened so far by a control that a sufficiently large opening area for passing the component with its outer geometric dimensions is created. Then, after passing through the component, the bulkhead or bulkhead is closed again.
  • a sufficiently large opening area for passing the component with its outer geometric dimensions is created.
  • the bulkhead or bulkhead is closed again.
  • the bulkhead which opens in three directions, so that the bulkhead is formed from two bulkheads running to each side of the conveyor and is designed to be movable vertically upwards to the conveyor, so that the bulkhead respective opening areas are individually adjustable.
  • the energy leakage over column when passing the components in the furnace system is thereby reduced to a minimum.
  • FIG. 1 shows an inventive furnace system 1 for the thermal treatment of light metal components 2 in the form of boards.
  • a conveyor belt 3 is equipped with the light metal components 2 and transports the light metal components 2 in the transport direction 4 in the furnace 1 into it.
  • the furnace 1 has an inlet E, through which the light metal components 2 enter the furnace 1.
  • the outlet A here the furnace 1 has an outlet A on.
  • the light metal component 2 then strikes a drying zone T, in which the light metal component 2 is dried by a possible lubricant.
  • a drying zone T circulates an air flow L, which flows around both a front side 5 and a rear side 6 of the light metal component 2.
  • the light metal component 2 passes into a first temperature zone Z1, in which an air flow L1 flows around the front side 5 and the rear side 6 of the light metal component 2.
  • the air flow L1 in the first temperature zone Z1 has a flow velocity v1 and a temperature T1, with which the light metal component 2 flows around and thus experiences a predetermined component temperature within the temperature zone Z1.
  • the light metal component 2 enters a second temperature zone Z2, in which it is in turn overflowed with an air flow L2 on a front side 5 and a rear side 6, wherein the air flow L2 of the second temperature zone Z2 has a second flow velocity v2 and a second temperature T2.
  • a component temperature of the light metal component 2 is set when passing through the second temperature zone T2.
  • the light metal component 2 passes into a cooling zone Z3, the light metal component 2 in the cooling zone Z3 in turn being overflowed with an air flow L3 on the front 5 and back 6, which has a third flow velocity v3 and a third temperature T3 in particular, the temperature T3 is lower than the temperature T1 and T2 and the flow velocity v3 is higher than the flow velocities v1 and v2.
  • the component is cooled in the variant shown here in the cooling zone Z3 to a cooling temperature. Thereafter, the component occurs at an outlet A from the furnace 1 from and is removed and thus supplied as a thermally treated component 7 of a processing not shown.
  • the individual air streams L can be generated from a circulating air fan not shown in detail, and then the flow speed v1, v2, v3 of the respective zone can be adjusted by means of variation of a cross section or a valve.
  • each zone its own circulating air blower. The same applies to the temperature. This can be heated by a heat source or else from different heat sources, for example, each temperature zone Z1, Z2 is assigned a separate heat source.
  • the light metal components 2 are arranged in the form of boards between plug-in devices 8, so that they are transported through the furnace installation 1 oriented substantially vertically in the transport direction 4.
  • FIG. 2 shown it is also possible, as in FIG. 2 shown to convey the boards substantially at an angle ⁇ through the furnace 1.
  • mold apertures 9 are shown in more detail in FIG FIG. 3 ,
  • FIG. 3 shows a mold panel 9 according to the invention in a plan view.
  • the light metal component 2 passes in the transport direction 4, so based on the image plane in this, the mold aperture 9, wherein between the outer edge 10 of the light metal component 2 and the opening 11, a gap 12 remains to minimize it, so that as little as possible Air flow L can escape via the gap 12 from the temperature zones Z1, Z2 or from the inlet E or outlet A of the furnace 1.
  • the light metal component 2 according to FIG. 3 has an asymmetric configuration, but it is also possible to lead large and small square boards by replacing the mold aperture 9 through the furnace 1.
  • FIG. 4 represented in which a small light metal component 2 is detected by the mold plate 9, and indicated by the dashed line, by exchanging the mold plate 9 also in the geometrical dimensions larger light metal component 2 is conveyed through the kiln 1, wherein between the light metal component 2 and the mold plate 9, a small gap 12 remains ,
  • FIG. 5 a cross-sectional view through the furnace installation 1 according to the invention, wherein the light metal component 2 is conveyed through the furnace installation 1 in the transport direction 4 and in the cross-sectional view is a plan view of a mold panel 9 is shown. It is for example shown a cross section through the temperature zone Z1.
  • a circulating air fan 13 that generates the air circulation within the temperature zone Z1.
  • the air flow L circulated by the circulating air blower 13 passes through a heating register 14 where it is heated and subsequently flows via the light metal component 2.
  • the air flow L is collected and in turn fed to the circulating air blower 13.
  • Shown here are also additional heating units 15, with which it is possible to heat the air flow L in addition to or also to heat exclusively, so that the heat source upstream of the circulating air blower 13 and not like the heating coil 14 is connected downstream.
  • FIG. 6 shows a furnace installation 1 according to the invention in a second embodiment, wherein the furnace 1 in turn has a conveyor (4) in the form of a conveyor belt 3, which conveys light metal components 2 in the form of boards 2, 2a, 2b, 2c in the transport direction 4 through the furnace 1.
  • the light metal components 2 are positioned on the conveyor belt 3 and enter through an inlet E in the transport direction 4 in the furnace 1 a.
  • a partitions 16 are arranged on the conveyor belt 3, wherein in each case between two partitions 16 shown here two light metal components 2 are arranged.
  • An inventive feature of the second embodiment according to FIG. 6 is that even light metal components 2 with different geometries compared to a board 2, 2 a, 2 b, 2 c are transported through the furnace 1. Thus, it is possible, for example, to transport longer boards 2 a relative to the light metal components 2 through the furnace 1. It is also possible to convey corrugated or corrugated blanks 2b or even three-dimensionally shaped components 2c through the furnace installation.
  • the partition walls 16 a seal at each inlet E and outlet A and between the temperature zones T, Z1, Z2 is made.
  • FIG. 7 shows an analogous embodiment FIG. 6 , in which case only one light metal component 2, 2b, 2c is arranged between the partitions 16.
  • the partitions 16 according to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are preferably placed before the entry E in the furnace 1 on the conveyor belt 3 and after the exit A from the kiln 1 of the conveyor belt 3 can be removed. As a result, the return 17 of the conveyor belt 3 is to be provided only with a small height h.
  • FIG. 8 shows a third embodiment of the furnace installation 1 according to the invention, in which case relatively movable bulkheads 18 are present at the inlet E as well as at the outlet A and also at crossover Ü between the individual temperature zones T, Z1, Z2.
  • Ü between the individual temperature zones T, Z1, Z2.
  • the boards 2a, 2b are arranged on respective connectors 8 substantially at a 90 ° angle to the transport direction 4 on the conveyor belt 3.
  • the respective relatively movable bulkheads 18 are in FIG. 8 illustrated in relation to the transport direction 4 and the furnace 1 formed upwardly movable relative.
  • FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment variant with relatively movable bulkheads 19a, 19b, wherein the bulkheads 19a, 19b are formed here in two parts and are also arranged relatively movable in the furnace 1.
  • the two-part bulkhead 19a, 19b thus performs with a part 19a a relative movement R to one side and with the second part 19b a relative movement R to the opposite side.
  • FIG. 9 shown view of an inventive furnace system 1 from above thus allows the light metal components 2 by opening the bulkhead 19a, 19b a passage in the transport direction 4.
  • the furnace 1 has two different temperature zones Z1, Z2, in each of which not shown in detail Air flow is recirculated and convectively treated by the furnace 1 conveyed light metal components 2 thermally.
  • FIG. 9 shown furnace 1 a shell 20 which surrounds the entire furnace 1, wherein the bulkheads 19 a, 19 b are relatively movable within the shell 20.
  • the front side of the two-part bulkhead 19a, 19b is shown, wherein here various types of sealing labyrinths 21 may be formed, the one Violation of the circulated air flow L1, L2, L3 and / or the heat between the two different temperature zones Z1, Z2, Z3 or to prevent leakage of heat from the inlet E or outlet A.
  • the sealing labyrinths can be U-shaped or C-shaped in cross-section.
  • FIGS. 10a and 10b a further embodiment of the relatively movable bulkhead 18 is shown, wherein the bulkhead 18 here through a slot 22 in the shell 20 perform the relative movement R.
  • the bulkhead 18 is further shown coupled to an actuator 23 which performs the relative movement R as linear movement with only one coupling rod 24 passing through the slot 22 in the shell 20 so that the possible escape of airflow L1, L2, L3 and / or heat from the interior of the oven space is avoided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
EP13167263.6A 2012-05-25 2013-05-10 Installation de four et procédé de fonctionnement de l'installation de four Not-in-force EP2667132B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012104537A DE102012104537A1 (de) 2012-05-25 2012-05-25 Ofenanlage sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben der Ofenanlage

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EP2667132A2 true EP2667132A2 (fr) 2013-11-27
EP2667132A3 EP2667132A3 (fr) 2013-12-18
EP2667132B1 EP2667132B1 (fr) 2019-02-27

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EP (1) EP2667132B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102012104537A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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WO2016142025A1 (fr) * 2015-03-11 2016-09-15 Mall Herlan Mb Gmbh Dispositif de mise en température

Families Citing this family (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014110415B4 (de) 2014-07-23 2016-10-20 Voestalpine Stahl Gmbh Verfahren zum Aufheizen von Stahlblechen und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
US10335845B2 (en) 2016-04-20 2019-07-02 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Hot-stamping furnace and method of hot stamping
US10350664B2 (en) 2016-06-30 2019-07-16 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Furnace assembly and method for hot-stamping vehicle components

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WO2016142025A1 (fr) * 2015-03-11 2016-09-15 Mall Herlan Mb Gmbh Dispositif de mise en température

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2667132B1 (fr) 2019-02-27
DE102012104537A1 (de) 2013-11-28
US20130313763A1 (en) 2013-11-28
EP2667132A3 (fr) 2013-12-18

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