EP2665838B1 - Procédé de chauffage et de séchage d'un article - Google Patents

Procédé de chauffage et de séchage d'un article Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2665838B1
EP2665838B1 EP12743746.5A EP12743746A EP2665838B1 EP 2665838 B1 EP2665838 B1 EP 2665838B1 EP 12743746 A EP12743746 A EP 12743746A EP 2665838 B1 EP2665838 B1 EP 2665838B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
autoclave
insulation
gaseous
drying
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12743746.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2665838A1 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Mais
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hedrich GmbH
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Hedrich GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2665838A1 publication Critical patent/EP2665838A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2665838B1 publication Critical patent/EP2665838B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
    • F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
    • F26B3/353—Resistance heating, e.g. using the materials or objects to be dried as an electrical resistance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/08—Humidity
    • F26B21/083—Humidity by using sorbent or hygroscopic materials, e.g. chemical substances, molecular sieves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/08—Humidity
    • F26B21/086—Humidity by condensing the moisture in the drying medium, which may be recycled, e.g. using a heat pump cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/14—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects using gases or vapours other than air or steam, e.g. inert gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B19/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
    • H01B19/02—Drying; Impregnating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for heating and drying a good, which has an insulation, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • drying methods are known in which the material to be dried is in an autoclave and heated by means of a circulation process with hot air and then moisture is removed from the material by means of vacuum.
  • the walls of the autoclave are heated to a temperature of approx. 120 ° C.
  • the passing air absorbs the heat from the walls and heats up to approx. 110 ° C.
  • the autoclave is evacuated and the residual moisture removed from the insulation.
  • the material to be dried may be, for example, transformers, capacitors, current transformers, current feedthroughs, etc., which have hygroscopic isolations on a pulp and / or plastic base.
  • the material has a portion of insulation containing the water to be extracted and a core in which substantially no or no insulation is provided. Particularly in the case of transformers, there is a need to extract water from the paper insulation of the transformer, so that the insulating properties of the oil-paper dielectric are not adversely affected.
  • US 4,812,608 A discloses an oven for thermo-magnetic treatment of a toroidal coil.
  • the furnace has heating disks for heating the toroidal coils, and an inert gas can be supplied to the furnace for promoting the heating operation.
  • an inert gas can be supplied to the furnace for promoting the heating operation.
  • it can be evacuated.
  • US 2002/0178604 A1 discloses an apparatus for drying and heating a transformer, the apparatus having an autoclave. In the heating process, a condensation of the solvent vapor takes place at the solid insulation.
  • US 4,411,075 describes a method for heating and drying a solvent-laden material by means of a drying chamber which is open to the environment, uses a stream of inert gas as heating gas and prevents the entry of air into the drying space by an inert gas-flushed lock chamber.
  • EP 1 406 056 A1 discloses the drying of a good in an autoclave, wherein the heating of the material to be dried on the heat of condensation of a vapor takes place, which is reflected in this good.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for heating and drying a good, which does not have at least the above disadvantages.
  • a method for heating and drying a product, which has an electrical insulation.
  • the device has an evacuable autoclave into which a gaseous heating medium can be introduced.
  • the device is designed such that during the heating process, the heating medium remains in the gaseous state throughout the process.
  • the gaseous heating medium is in particular an inert gas.
  • an autoclave is understood as meaning a substantially vacuum-tight chamber or a vacuum-tight housing.
  • the autoclave is additionally designed in such a way that an overpressure can prevail in the chamber or the housing.
  • inert gas means all gases which do not react with the isolation of the material or whose tendency to react with the insulation is less than the propensity to react of the air, in particular of the oxygen.
  • nitrogen can be used as the inert gas. The advantage of using nitrogen is that it can be procured inexpensively and thus the operating costs of the device are low.
  • other inert gases such as helium, argon, neon or the like can be used.
  • the insulation may be a hygroscopic insulation based on pulp and / or plastic.
  • inert gas as a gaseous heating medium has the advantage that the damaging effect of oxygen on the insulation is excluded because the gaseous heating medium does not react with the insulating material and thus can not damage it.
  • the inert gas can be heated to temperatures of over 120 ° C, without having to fear damage to the insulation. Due to the high temperature of the gaseous heating medium, the convective heat input into the insulation increases, which reduces the heating time of the insulation.
  • the autoclave may have a discharge line and a feed line connected to the discharge line.
  • the autoclave, the The discharge line and the supply line can form a circle, in particular a closed heating circuit.
  • a closed heating circuit By providing a closed heating circuit can be ensured that the inert gas is not released during the heating process in the environment, whereby the energy loss of the device is reduced again.
  • the gaseous heating medium or the mixture of gaseous heating medium and the evaporated water from the insulation flows during the heating process within the circle in which it can be dried and / or heated.
  • the autoclave is evacuated.
  • the evacuation of the autoclave has the advantage that an additional diffusion gradient for the water vapor is generated.
  • the mixture in the autoclave can be removed from the autoclave via a vacuum pump set.
  • the vacuum pump set may be formed as an open circuit. In this case, the discharged mixture is discharged into the environment.
  • the vacuum pump set may be formed as a closed circuit, so that after the drying process, the gaseous heating medium can be supplied to the autoclave again.
  • a dryer may be provided for separating the condensed water from the mixture so as to ensure that only the gaseous dry heating medium is returned to the autoclave.
  • the heating process can take place at several intervals in which the material is heated and subsequently the pressure in the autoclave is lowered.
  • the pressure is not lowered as much as in the final drying process, in which the autoclave is evacuated.
  • a circulation device may be provided within the autoclave.
  • the circulation of the gaseous heating medium in the autoclave can be carried out in particular at atmospheric pressure or overpressure.
  • the circulation of the gaseous heating medium at overpressure offers the advantage that the energy content of the Heating medium and thus the heat transfer to the goods is high.
  • baffles may be provided within the autoclave, which can deflect the gaseous heating medium, so that heating of the goods can be done, for example, from bottom to top.
  • a dryer in particular a condenser and / or an absorption dryer may be provided between the discharge line and the supply line.
  • the mixture taken from the autoclave is dried from, for example, inert gas and steam.
  • a heat exchanger can be arranged between the dryer and the discharge line.
  • the mixture taken from the autoclave is cooled before entering the dryer.
  • the released during the cooling heat can be used to heat the gaseous heating medium before it is fed via the supply line to the autoclave.
  • the provision of the heat exchanger has the advantage that the energy loss of the device is reduced.
  • a further heat exchanger may be provided, which is arranged between the dryer and the feed line. In the heat exchanger, the gaseous heating medium can be heated prior to feeding into the autoclave.
  • the supply of heated, dry gaseous heating medium in the autoclave has the advantage that in addition to the heating of the insulation for the steam generated in the insulation, a partial pressure gradient is generated and thus there is a diffusion from the isolation to the gaseous dry heating medium.
  • a predrying of the insulation can be achieved.
  • a heating device for supplying energy to the goods can be provided in the device.
  • the heater may be formed for example as a resistance heater, which allows a conversion of electrical energy into thermal energy.
  • the energy supply to the good can be provided to a provided in the good electrical line, in particular a coil-shaped line, done.
  • the line, in particular the transformer coil is arranged in the material such that both the insulation and the core of the material, which has substantially no insulation, are warmed up.
  • the energy supply from the heater to the estate can be done during the heating process as well as during the drying process, which is followed by the heating process of the goods.
  • An energy supply during the drying process has the advantage that heat losses can be compensated, which can arise during the drying process.
  • a loss of heat may occur in the evaporation of the water contained in the insulation, which leads to a reduction in the temperature of the insulation.
  • heat loss may be due to heat being transferred from the insulation of the material to a portion of the good adjacent to the insulation, such as e.g. the core of the material flows, whose temperature is lower than the temperature of the insulation.
  • the power supply by the heater can be done during all or part of the drying process. In particular, the energy supply can be switched off towards the end of the drying process.
  • the core of the material can be heated to a temperature where the heat flow in the insulation to this section is low.
  • the core of the material can be heated in such a way that its temperature is above a condensation temperature of the water evaporating from the insulation of the material. This can prevent the water evaporated from the insulation from condensing on the core.
  • the material is designed as a transformer.
  • the core corresponds to the transformer core, which may consist of individual, mutually electrically insulated core sheets.
  • the heating device energizes a low voltage coil and / or a high voltage coil of the transformer.
  • a sole energization of the undervoltage coil has the advantage that the transformer core can be heated in a simple manner. This is possible because the undervoltage coil is located close to the core of the transformer.
  • the high-voltage coil and / or low-voltage coil are energized differently during the heating process or the drying process.
  • both coils can be energized during the heating process and during the drying process, only the lower voltage coil.
  • further energizing possibilities of the two coils during the heating process or during the drying process are conceivable.
  • the two coils can be energized to different degrees.
  • the heater may be designed as a DC or low frequency or high frequency device.
  • the provision of the heater as a high-frequency device has the advantage that the skin effect can be exploited.
  • the current density at high-frequency alternating currents is greater on the outside of the conductor than in the middle of the conductor, which increases the resistance in the line and thus the heat transfer into the material, in particular into the core.
  • a measuring unit may be provided in the vacuum pump set, by means of which a measurement of the dew point can take place in a vacuum line. Depending on the result of the measurement, the drying process can be ended.
  • the invention is not limited to the drying of a product whose insulation contains water.
  • the device according to the invention or the process according to the invention also dried a good that has a different substance to be evaporated than water.
  • FIG. 1 1 for heating and drying a product 4 has an autoclave 10, a heating device 14, a heating circuit 2 and a vacuum pump set 3.
  • the autoclave 10 is formed as a chamber which is designed so that it can be both evacuated and pressurized. Within the autoclave 10, the material is arranged, wherein it may be, for example, a transformer active part 4, at the estate. Furthermore, a circulation device 13 is provided within the autoclave 10, by means of which the gaseous heating medium in the autoclave 10 can be circulated. The circulating device 13 is driven by a motor, not shown in the figures.
  • the heating circuit 2 is formed as a closed circuit and has a discharge line 23 and a supply line 24, which are connected to each other. Via the discharge line 23, the mixture contained in the autoclave 10 is removed and fed via the feed line 24 to the autoclave 10.
  • the heating circuit 2 has, viewed in the flow direction of the removed mixture, a first heat exchanger 22, a dryer 20 and a second heat exchanger 21.
  • the vacuum pump set 3 is designed to be open and has a vacuum line 30 which communicates with the interior of the autoclave 10. Furthermore, the vacuum pump set 3 has a measuring unit 31, by means of which the dew point in a bypass line 33 of the vacuum line 30 is measured and a third heat exchanger 32.
  • the heater 14 is connected to the transformer 4, in particular the coil of the transformer 4.
  • the in FIG. 2 shown transformer 4 has a transformer core 40 and a coil.
  • the coil has a low voltage coil 41 and a high voltage coil 42, both of which extend around the transformer core 40.
  • the undervoltage coil 41 is arranged closer to the transformer core 40 than the high-voltage coil 42 FIG. 2
  • the transformer shown, the insulation is not shown.
  • the gaseous heating medium used is inert gas, in particular nitrogen.
  • the operation of the device 1 will be described by means of heating and drying of a transformer.
  • the operation of the device 1 is not limited to heating and drying a transformer.
  • the transformer 4 is heated.
  • the walls of the autoclave 10 are heated, whereby the gaseous heating medium in the autoclave 10 also heats up.
  • the circulation device 13 the gaseous heating medium is circulated within the autoclave 10.
  • the circulation of the gaseous heating medium is a Heat emission from this to the not shown in the figures insulation of the transformer 4.
  • the dry gaseous heating medium leads to the heating in addition to a partial pressure gradient is generated, so that there is a diffusion of water vapor from the insulation to the gaseous heating medium.
  • the mixture of gaseous heating medium and water vapor is removed via the discharge line 23 from the autoclave 10 and flows through the first heat exchanger 22, in which it is cooled. Following this, the mixture flows through a dryer 20, in which the water vapor is deposited. The condensed water flows into a collecting tank, not shown in the figures.
  • the dried gaseous heating medium flows through the dryer 20 after a second heat exchanger 21, in which the gaseous heating medium is heated.
  • the coil of the transformer 4 is energized by the heater 14. This ensures that the transformer core 40 and the insulation, not shown, are heated, so that a uniform temperature distribution within the transformer 4 is achieved.
  • the heating process is ended and the drying process is started.
  • the mixture in the autoclave is sucked off via the vacuum line 30 or the autoclave is evacuated.
  • an additional diffusion gradient for the water vapor is generated, whereby the drying of the insulation accelerates and / or improves.
  • the extracted mixture is discharged into the environment, wherein previously a heat exchange takes place in the third heat exchanger 32 between the mixture and, for example, cooling water of the device 1.
  • the measuring unit 31 the dew point of the extracted mixture is measured in the bypass line 32 and, depending on this value, it is decided whether the drying process has ended or not.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Procédé pour chauffer et sécher un produit (4) qui présente une isolation électrique, un milieu chauffant gazeux s'écoulant à l'intérieur d'un autoclave (10) et restant à l'état gazeux pendant l'opération de chauffage, une opération de séchage, dans laquelle l'autoclave est évacué, étant effectuée après un chauffage du produit (4), caractérisé en ce que le milieu chauffant gazeux est un gaz inerte.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une circulation du milieu chauffant gazeux est réalisée dans l'autoclave (10), en particulier à la pression atmosphérique ou à une surpression.
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on prévoit au moins un intervalle pour chauffer le produit (4) et ensuite un abaissement de la pression dans l'autoclave (10).
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'en particulier pendant l'opération de séchage, de l'énergie est acheminée au produit (4) par un dispositif de chauffage (14), en particulier de manière à obtenir une température intérieure d'un coeur du produit au-dessus d'une température de condensation de la substance à évaporer dans le produit (4), en particulier de l'eau.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un mélange prélevé de l'autoclave (10), en particulier un mélange constitué du milieu chauffant gazeux et de vapeur d'eau, est séché et/ou le mélange est refroidi avant le séchage.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le milieu chauffant gazeux, avant une alimentation dans l'autoclave, est chauffé, en particulier par la chaleur libérée par le refroidissement du mélange.
EP12743746.5A 2011-09-06 2012-08-08 Procédé de chauffage et de séchage d'un article Active EP2665838B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011053288A DE102011053288A1 (de) 2011-09-06 2011-09-06 Vorrichtung zum Aufheizen und Trocknen eines Gutes
PCT/EP2012/065510 WO2013034382A1 (fr) 2011-09-06 2012-08-08 Dispositif de chauffage et de séchage d'un article

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2665838A1 EP2665838A1 (fr) 2013-11-27
EP2665838B1 true EP2665838B1 (fr) 2016-10-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12743746.5A Active EP2665838B1 (fr) 2011-09-06 2012-08-08 Procédé de chauffage et de séchage d'un article

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EP (1) EP2665838B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011053288A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013034382A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015206744A1 (de) 2015-04-15 2016-11-03 Rwe Deutschland Ag Verfahren zum Trocknen eines Gasraums sowie Anordnung umfassend einen schutzgasbefüllten Gasraum

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4812608A (en) * 1988-03-22 1989-03-14 Hydro-Quebec Oven for thermo-magnetic treatment of toroidal coils of amorphous ferro-magnetic ribbon material
DE19637313C5 (de) 1995-09-16 2007-12-27 Wilhelm Hedrich Vakuumanlagen Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zum Aufheizen von Teilen
DE19614004A1 (de) 1996-04-09 1997-10-16 Micafil Vakuumtechnik Ag Verfahren zur Vortrocknung eines mindestens eine Wicklung und Feststoffisolationen enthaltenden Spulenblocks und Vorrichtungen zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens
EP1248060A1 (fr) * 2001-04-06 2002-10-09 Micafil Ag Dispositif de séchage d'une isolation solide d'un appareil électrique
EP1248061A1 (fr) * 2001-04-06 2002-10-09 Micafil Ag Procédé de séchage des isolants solides d'un appareil électrique

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Publication number Publication date
EP2665838A1 (fr) 2013-11-27
WO2013034382A1 (fr) 2013-03-14
DE102011053288A1 (de) 2013-03-07

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