EP2660420B1 - Verbesserte Ausrüstung für Polymerauflösung in Bruchvorgänge - Google Patents

Verbesserte Ausrüstung für Polymerauflösung in Bruchvorgänge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2660420B1
EP2660420B1 EP13159641.3A EP13159641A EP2660420B1 EP 2660420 B1 EP2660420 B1 EP 2660420B1 EP 13159641 A EP13159641 A EP 13159641A EP 2660420 B1 EP2660420 B1 EP 2660420B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
polymer
equipment
silo
powder
equipment according
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EP13159641.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2660420A1 (de
Inventor
Peter Nichols
Marshall Bond
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SPCM SA
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SPCM SA
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/50—Mixing liquids with solids
    • B01F23/53—Mixing liquids with solids using driven stirrers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/27—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices
    • B01F27/271—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices with means for moving the materials to be mixed radially between the surfaces of the rotor and the stator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/50—Movable or transportable mixing devices or plants
    • B01F33/502—Vehicle-mounted mixing devices
    • B01F33/5023—Vehicle-mounted mixing devices the vehicle being a trailer which is hand moved or coupled to self-propelling vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/7173—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using gravity, e.g. from a hopper
    • B01F35/71731—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using gravity, e.g. from a hopper using a hopper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
    • E21B21/062—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole by mixing components
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • E21B43/2607—Surface equipment specially adapted for fracturing operations

Definitions

  • the field of the invention is the recovery of gas or oil and more particularly the hydraulic fracturing of gas or oil wells by injection of a fracturing fluid comprising a polymer.
  • WO 2010/020698 describes a material used to store, disperse, dissolve polymers in powder form, more particularly based on acrylamide.
  • the polymeric solution is then metered and used in hydraulic fracturing operations intended for the production of shale or petroleum gas. scattered.
  • This equipment has strong use constraints because the fracturing operations bring together many vehicles (trucks, trailers) sometimes more than 100, including electric generators, pump transports, mixers, dissolving and addition devices. adjuvants, control rooms and especially large quantities of sand or ceramic ball used to keep open fractures.
  • All equipment must be mobile on wheels, either trucks or trailers while taking into account the constraints of road weight depending on the geographical area concerned.
  • the weight without chassis should not exceed 20 to 24 tons and the length 12 to 14 meters. It must also be immediately available when moving without loss of time in the initial filling operations.
  • the problem to be solved by the invention is to dissolve more polymer in a reduced time, in a reduced space, while taking into account the weight constraints, all without manual operation of feeding during operation.
  • the applicant has developed an improved equipment to solve this problem and significantly improve the performance of existing facilities.
  • the equipment is positioned in a container or on a trailer and has a weight of less than 24 tonnes, preferably less than 22 tonnes, taking into account the quantities of polymer solutions contained in the tanks, and the quantity of powder contained in the silo allowing immediate commissioning.
  • the equipment will not exceed a length of 14 meters, preferably 12 meters.
  • the storage silo is horizontal, of parallelepipedal shape and provided with a dihedral bottom.
  • the storage silo has a volume advantageously greater than or equal to 5 m 3 , and preferably greater than or equal to 10 m 3 .
  • the pneumatic feed means of the silo is in the form of either a tank truck equipped with polymer discharge cones, or a truck with tilt frame.
  • the polymer drive means in the feed hopper of the dissolution device consists of a lower drain screw positioned at the bottom of the silo, said screw being connected either to a vertical feed screw of the hopper, or to pneumatic transport connecting the bottom of the silo to the feed hopper.
  • the dispersing and grinding device allows hydraulic grinding of the polymer. It has the great advantage of dispersing very large quantities of polymers by greatly reducing the size of the materials and accelerating the dissolution of the polymer by wet milling. This allows very large injections of polymer from limited volume materials.
  • the volumetric pumps positioned between the dissolving tanks and the injection pump will for example be chosen, without this being limiting among lobe pumps such as, for example, Waukesha type pumps, and particularly lobe pumps giving a flow rate. from 30m 3 / h to 3 bars, or among the pumps with eccentric rotor of Myono type, which can give the same flow.
  • the elements of the equipment according to the invention are arranged in a small space such as a container, or a truck trailer.
  • the selection of the various components depends in particular on the available volume, the maximum empty weight, the total amount of the polymer solution to be injected and its flow rate.
  • a dispersing and grinding device similar to that used in the invention has been described by the applicant in the documents WO 2008/107492 and WO 2011/107683 A1 , for applications in Assisted Petroleum Recovery (RAP).
  • This dissolution device called PSU Polymer Slicing Unit
  • PSU 300 Plus which allows to dose 100 to 600 kg of polymer per hour. These quantities are consistent with those required in current fracking operations.
  • the diameter of the rotor-stator of the polymer dissolution device is preferably greater than 200 mm. In the majority of cases, the PSU operates intermittently, depending on the level of the dissolution tanks at a standard rate of 300 kg / hour. It is, however, adapted to much larger instantaneous polymer demands.
  • the water is supplied, in the PSU, at the level of the primary circuit generally at 10m 3 / h and at the level of the secondary circuit from 0 to 20m 3 / h according to the concentration and the viscosity required.
  • the polymer concentration is preferably 20 g / liter.
  • the effect of the salts on the viscosity makes it possible to increase the concentration up to 30 gr / liter while maintaining the viscosity of the polymer solution below 10,000 cps for easy pumping.
  • the dissolving tanks have a limited volume considering the dimensions of the equipment.
  • the equipment may comprise two tanks of 4 to 5 m 3 . These tanks are generally strongly agitated in order to promote the dissolution of the polymer.
  • these two tanks can work in series, continuously, in parallel, or by transfer from one to the other (flip-flop). Volumetric pumps can work together or separately to feed the mixer used to feed the high-pressure fracturing pump
  • the dissolution time should generally be less than 30 minutes.
  • the commercially available acrylamide-based polymers generally have a particle size of 0 to 1000 microns, and a dissolution time of the order of one hour for the polymers of average anionicity (20 to 50 mol%) and of two hours for nonionic polymers. Therefore, the particle size of the powder should be adjusted according to the desired dissolution time.
  • the passage through the PSU makes it possible to decrease from 20 to 30% the dissolution time on the highest granulometries, and slightly less on the finer granulometries.
  • the electrical control equipment protection, instrumentation, security is arranged in an electrical room and is controlled by a programmable controller allowing full automation of the equipment with a control by the main control room of the fracturing assembly .
  • the invention also relates to a method of hydraulic fracturing of gas or oil wells by injecting a fluid comprising a polymer solution implementing the previously described installation.
  • the implementation of the equipment according to the invention in the process according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the fracturing injection pressure by limiting the friction of the fluid in the injection pipes.
  • the process according to the invention is characterized in that the polymers in powder form used have a particle size of from 0 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably from 0 to 400 ⁇ m, irrespective of the ionicity of the polymers. and preferentially from 0 to 300 ⁇ m for nonionic polymers.
  • the process according to the invention is characterized in that the total residence time of the polymer in the hydration tanks is between 20 and 30 minutes.
  • the storage silo (4) illustrated by the figure 2 is horizontal, of parallelepipedal shape and presents a bottom in the form of dihedron.
  • a drain screw (5) which feeds a lift screw (6) to feed by gravity PSU powder polymer.
  • the lift screw can be eventually replaced by a pneumatic transport.
  • This silo is pneumatically supplied by a tanker transporting the polymer with a cone discharge (16) or tilt frame (17). Feeding the silo powder polymer can be performed before or during operation, depending on the volumes required. But the device carries enough polymer in the form of powder (2 to 3 tons for example) for immediate commissioning.
  • the storage silo has a volume greater than or equal to 5 m 3 , preferably greater than or equal to 10 m 3 .
  • the figure 2 represents a trailer for feeding a major fracturing operation.
  • the equipment of this example makes it possible to insure on average 10 successive injections of a polymer solution for an amount greater than 12 tons of polymer, with a maximum polymer powder flow rate of 300 kg / hour.
  • the maximum weight outside the chassis being transferred is 22 tonnes maximum.
  • transfer means that at the end of a fracturing operation, the tanks being full and the silo can contain 2 to 3 tons of polymer, the trailer must move with full tanks, without draining possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Kompakte und transportable, perfektionierte Ausrüstung, die sich für Fracking-Vorgänge auf Gas- oder Ölfeldern verwendet lässt, wobei die Ausrüstung dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass sie in Abfolge umfasst:
    - eine Einrichtung zum pneumatischen Beschicken eines Silos mit Pulverpolymer (16), (17),
    - ein Lagersilo (4) für Polymer in Pulverform,
    - eine Einrichtung (6) zum Befördern des Polymers aus dem Silo (4) in einen Speisetrichter (7),
    - einen Speisetrichter (7) einer Polymerdosierungsvorrichtung (8), wobei der Trichter mit einem Hochstand und einem Tiefstand ausgestattet ist,
    - eine Pulverpolymerdosierungsvorrichtung (8),
    - eine Dispersions- und Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung für das Polymer, auch als PSU ("Polymer Slicing Unit) bezeichnet, umfassend:
    • einen Benetzungstrichter (10) für das Pulverpolymer, der an einen Primärwasserzufuhrkreislauf angeschlossen ist,
    • am unteren Ende des Trichters:
    • eine Zerkleinerungs- und Entwässerungskammer für das dispergierte Polymer, umfassend:
    - einen Rotor, durch einen Motor angetrieben und mit Messern versehen ist,
    - einen feststehenden Stator, der aus einem mit feinen Spalten versehenen Zylinder besteht,
    • über dem gesamten oder einem Teil des Umfangs der Kammer, einen Ring, der über einen Sekundärwasserkreislauf gespeist wird, wobei der Ring mit der Kammer in Verbindung steht, um das Wasseraufsprühen unter Druck auf das Äußere des Stators sicherzustellen, wodurch das Freisetzen des zerkleinerten und an der Oberfläche des Stators gequollenen Polymers ermöglicht wird,
    - mindestens zwei Hdyrierungs- und Auflösungskessel für das dispergierte Polymer (11), das aus der Dispersions- und Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung kommt,
    - mindestens zwei Verdrängerpumpen (12), welche die Einspritzung und Dosierung der erhaltenen Polymerlösung in den Mischer ermöglichen, der zur Speisung der Hochdruck-Frackingpumpe dient.
  2. Ausrüstung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ausrüstung in einem Container oder auf einem Anhänger positioniert ist und ein Gewicht von unter 24 Tonnen, bevorzugt unter 22 Tonnen, unter Einbezug der in den Kesseln enthaltenen Lösungsmengen von Polymeren und der im Silo enthaltenen Pulvermenge hat.
  3. Ausrüstung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Lagersilo (4) horizontal, von Quaderform und mit einem diederförmigen Boden versehen ist.
  4. Ausrüstung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Lagersilo (4) einen Rauminhalt von über oder gleich 5 m3, vorzugsweise über oder gleich 10 m3 hat.
  5. Ausrüstung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die pneumatische Beschickungseinrichtung für das Silo in Form eines mit Entleerungsstutzen für das Polymer versehenen Tanklastwagens (16) oder eines Kipplasters (17) darstellt.
  6. Ausrüstung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung (6) zum Befördern des Polymers in den Speisetrichter der Auflösungsvorrichtung entweder aus einer unteren Entleerungsschnecke, die sich auf dem Grund des Silos befindet, wobei die Schnecke entweder an eine vertikalen Speiseschnecke des Trichters angeschlossen ist, oder an eine pneumatische Fördereinheit angeschlossen ist, die das Unterteil des Silos mit dem Speisetrichter verbindet.
  7. Ausrüstung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Auflösungskessel (11) jeweils einen Rauminhalt haben, der zwischen 4 und 5 m3 beträgt.
  8. Ausrüstung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei den Verdrängerpumpen (12) um Drehkolbenpumpen oder Exzenterrotorpumpen handelt, die einen Durchsatz von 30 m3/h mit 3 bar erbringen.
  9. Ausrüstung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrischen Betriebsmittel zur Schutzsteuerung, Instrumentierung, Sicherheit in einem Elektroraum (14) untergebracht sind und von einem programmierbaren Automaten gesteuert werden, der eine Gesamtautomatisierung der Betriebsmittel mit einer Steuerung durch die Hauptleitwarte der Fracking-Einheit ermöglicht.
  10. Hydraulisches Frackingverfahren für Gas- oder Ölbohrstellen durch Einspritzen eines eine Polymerlösung enthaltenden Fluids unter Einsatz der Ausrüstung, die den Gegenstand eines der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 bildet.
  11. Hydraulisches Frackingverfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Polymere in Pulverform eine Korngröße von 0 bis 500 µm haben.
  12. Hydraulisches Frackingverfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Polymere in Pulverform eine Korngröße vorzugsweise von 0 bis 400 µm, ungeachtet der Ionizität der Polymere, und bevorzugt von 0 bis 300 µm bei nicht ionischen Polymeren haben.
  13. Hydraulisches Frackingverfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gesamtverweildauer in den Hydrierungs- und Auflösungskesseln zwischen 20 und 30 Minuten beträgt.
EP13159641.3A 2012-05-04 2013-03-15 Verbesserte Ausrüstung für Polymerauflösung in Bruchvorgänge Active EP2660420B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL13159641T PL2660420T3 (pl) 2012-05-04 2013-03-15 Udoskonalone urządzenie do rozpuszczania polimeru przystosowane do operacji szczelinowania na dużą skalę

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1254119A FR2990233B1 (fr) 2012-05-04 2012-05-04 Equipement perfectionne de dissolution de polymere adapte pour des operations de fracturation importantes

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EP2660420A1 EP2660420A1 (de) 2013-11-06
EP2660420B1 true EP2660420B1 (de) 2014-12-03

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US (1) US9067182B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2660420B1 (de)
CN (1) CN103381339B (de)
AR (1) AR090117A1 (de)
CA (1) CA2806404C (de)
EA (1) EA025089B1 (de)
FR (1) FR2990233B1 (de)
PL (1) PL2660420T3 (de)
UA (1) UA110942C2 (de)

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EP2660420A1 (de) 2013-11-06
FR2990233A1 (fr) 2013-11-08
EA201300158A1 (ru) 2013-11-29
CN103381339B (zh) 2016-05-04
CA2806404A1 (en) 2013-11-04
FR2990233B1 (fr) 2014-05-09
EA025089B1 (ru) 2016-11-30
CN103381339A (zh) 2013-11-06
PL2660420T3 (pl) 2015-05-29
CA2806404C (en) 2019-10-08
US20130292122A1 (en) 2013-11-07
UA110942C2 (uk) 2016-03-10
AR090117A1 (es) 2014-10-22
US9067182B2 (en) 2015-06-30

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