EP2655866B1 - Dispositif d'allumage au laser pour un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Dispositif d'allumage au laser pour un moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2655866B1
EP2655866B1 EP11776168.4A EP11776168A EP2655866B1 EP 2655866 B1 EP2655866 B1 EP 2655866B1 EP 11776168 A EP11776168 A EP 11776168A EP 2655866 B1 EP2655866 B1 EP 2655866B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
protective layer
laser
ignition device
laser ignition
combustion chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP11776168.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2655866A1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Weinrotter
Pascal Woerner
Juergen Raimann
Joerg Engelhardt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2655866A1 publication Critical patent/EP2655866A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2655866B1 publication Critical patent/EP2655866B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P23/00—Other ignition
    • F02P23/04—Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P13/00—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other parts of internal-combustion engines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a laser ignition device for an internal combustion engine comprising an ignition laser with a combustion chamber window and a protective layer and a method for commissioning according to independent claims.
  • a laser ignition device for example, from the WO 2005/0066488 A1 or from the JP 2010116841 A known.
  • the ignition laser has a combustion chamber window which is transparent to the laser pulses emitted by the ignition laser.
  • a diaphragm known.
  • the combustion chamber window is not protected in the period between functional testing in production and the first commissioning of the internal combustion engine or during prolonged periods of inactivity prior to commissioning of the internal combustion engine.
  • the combustion chamber window can be contaminated by unclean work environment in the workshop, impurities in the plug shaft, condensation during the starting process of the cold engine or splash oil from the internal combustion engine. After prolonged periods of inactivity, especially particulate matter or condensation can adversely affect the service life of the combustion chamber window or even result in a malfunction of the laser ignition device.
  • the combustion chamber window of an ignition laser is effectively protected against soiling up to the first operation, which adversely affect the service life of the combustion chamber window or even result in a malfunction of the laser ignition system.
  • the combustion chamber window can be protected against condensation or splash oil by attaching the protective layer according to the invention to longer standstill phases of the internal combustion engine until it is restarted.
  • the protective layer when the laser ignition device is put into operation, the protective layer is burned by the laser pulses or at least destroyed to such an extent that the laser pulses pass unhindered into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. As long as the protective layer is intact, soiling is deposited on the protective layer. With the first laser pulses, d. H. with the first commissioning of the internal combustion engine, the protective layer is burned and the beam path released. Any remains of the protective layer still adhering to the combustion chamber window are destroyed during operation of the internal combustion engine by the hot combustion gases in the combustion chamber and removed together with the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber.
  • the protective layer which absorbs the laser pulse.
  • the protective layer heats up strongly due to the energy transported by the laser pulse and burns thermally even at the first laser pulses. Subsequent further laser pulses then ignite the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber without energy losses.
  • the protective layer for the laser pulse is transparent.
  • the protective layer is not burned by the laser pulse but only by the incipient combustion of the fuel during operation of the internal combustion engine. This ensures that the ignition laser ignites the fuel in the combustion chamber at a first start with low energy loss and then burns the protective layer residue-free together with the fuel.
  • the protective layer consists of an absorbent material. With the absorbent material liquid, oily or pasty impurities are absorbed and burned together with the protective layer, such as cellophane paper.
  • a further embodiment provides that the protective layer consists of dirt-repellent material (for example by the so-called lotus effect). If a protective layer, for example a plastic film on the surface of which roll off liquid impurities, is used, only very small amounts of the substances deposit on it and the laser pulse allows the combustion chamber window to run its way on first operation with little energy loss.
  • the protective layer consists of an elastic material and this protective film is mounted radially biased on the ignition laser. If the ignition laser now burns a hole in the center of the film, the protective film tears due to its residual stress. The radial prestressing causes cracking from the inside to the outside and the dirt adhering to the protective film and the protective film itself are thrown outwards. As a result, the laser pulses can pass unhindered into the combustion chamber.
  • a manufacturing technology simple solution is to apply the protective layer as a liquid.
  • a liquid can simply be sprayed onto the combustion chamber window, or the combustion chamber window is wetted by immersing the ignition laser in the liquid. If a liquid with appropriate viscosity is used, it is also possible to use a Form protective layer in the aperture. Due to the surface tension of the liquid, a membrane, similar to a soap bubble, forms between the edges of the aperture. After drying or curing, the liquid then forms a protective layer with the required properties.
  • the laser ignition system according to the invention works even better when a diaphragm is arranged between the protective layer and the combustion chamber window.
  • the protective layer is disposed at a distance from the combustion chamber window, so that it is protected during the burn-off process and second, the protective layer is thereby closer to the ignition point. Because the energy density of the laser pulse at the ignition point is greatest, it ensures that the protective layer burns off quickly and without residue. The greater the distance from the ignition point, the thinner the protective layer should be.
  • a further embodiment of the laser ignition system according to the invention provides that the protective layer is arranged in an ignition point. As a result, as already explained above, the secure burning off of the protective layer is ensured.
  • a manufacturing technology simple solution is when the protective layer is curved.
  • a convex-shaped protective layer By using a convex-shaped protective layer, it is possible in a particularly simple manner to arrange the protective layer in the ignition point.
  • the protective layer when attaching or as a prefabricated component, bulged so that a vertex is in the ignition point of the laser pulse. This results in the advantages listed above.
  • the protective layer is integrated into a pre-chamber cap.
  • an antechamber cap is screwed or welded frontally at one, the combustion chamber end facing the laser ignition device, which forms a kind of prechamber in which the fuel-air mixture is ignited.
  • the ignition point is thus within the pre-chamber cap and it is a relatively simple solution to integrate the protective layer in the pre-chamber cap and thus to arrange directly in the ignition point. Since in the ignition point the energy density of the laser pulse at largest, burns the protective layer according to the invention with commissioning safely.
  • An internal combustion engine carries in FIG. 1 the reference numeral 10.
  • the internal combustion engine 10 comprises a plurality of cylinders, of which only one is represented by the reference numeral 12 in the figure.
  • a combustion chamber 14 of the cylinder 12 is limited by a piston 16.
  • Fuel enters the combustion chamber 14 directly through an injector 18, which is connected to a fuel supply device 20. Or is in an intake (not shown) with the air premixed.
  • the fuel-air mixture 22 is ignited in the combustion chamber 14 by means of a laser pulse 24 in an ignition point ZP.
  • the laser pulse 24 is emitted by an ignition laser 26 into the combustion chamber 14.
  • the ignition laser 26 is fed via a light guide device 28 from a pumping light source 30.
  • a controller 32 controls, among other things, the pumping light source 30 and the injector 18.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic longitudinal section through the combustion chamber 14 facing the end of the ignition laser 26.
  • a housing 34 of the ignition laser 26 is made in two parts. It comprises an inner sleeve 36 and an outer sleeve 38.
  • the outer sleeve 38 has a termination 40 at its end facing the combustion chamber 14.
  • the end 40 serves to press a combustion chamber window 42 against the inner sleeve 36 and so inner 44 of the inner sleeve 36 and the components (not shown) of the ignition 26, such as a Auslenk- or focusing optics or a laser-active solid against which To seal the combustion chamber 14.
  • the outer sleeve 38 is provided with an internal thread which cooperates with a corresponding external thread on the inner sleeve 36.
  • the threaded connection consisting of internal thread and external thread is indicated in its entirety by the reference numeral 46.
  • the focusing optics focuses the laser pulse 24 to an ignition point ZP.
  • the contour of the focused laser pulse 24 is indicated by conical dot-dashed envelope lines 50. These envelope lines 50 exit from the combustion chamber window 42 and intersect at the ignition point ZP.
  • the outer sleeve 38 has an aperture 52 on the front side. This can be conical or cylindrical. A cone angle or a diameter of the diaphragm 52 is chosen so that it corresponds approximately to a cone angle or a diameter of the laser pulse 24.
  • a protective layer 54 or membrane is attached to the front side of the outer sleeve 38 so that it closes the aperture 52 until a first start of the ignition 26 and thus protects the underlying combustion chamber window 42 from deposits and contamination.
  • the protective layer 54 may be made of paper, Plastic, metal or rubber. It is also conceivable application of an oily or pasty liquid, which forms a protective layer directly on the combustion chamber window 42 and is burned away by the first laser pulse 24 or combustion of the fuel-air mixture 22.
  • FIG. 3 is a section of the combustion chamber 14 facing the end of the laser ignition device according to the invention shown in longitudinal section.
  • the section shows the combustion chamber window 42 with the end 40 of the outer sleeve 38 arranged in front of it.
  • the aperture 52 is inserted in the end 40.
  • the envelope lines 50 of the laser pulse 24 pass through the aperture 52 from the outer sleeve 38 and intersect at the ignition point ZP.
  • the protective layer 54 according to the invention has a curvature, so that a vertex SP of the protective layer 54 lies in the ignition point ZP.
  • the arched protective layer 54 can be applied as a prefabricated component or only be formed accordingly during application. For attachment offers in both cases, an adhesive method, for example with superglue.
  • FIG. 4 A further embodiment of the laser ignition device according to the invention is in FIG. 4 shown.
  • the drawing shows a longitudinal section through a Vorschzündlaser 56.
  • This includes, like the embodiments of the ignition laser 26 described above, a combustion chamber window 42 and a termination 40 in which a diaphragm 52 is arranged so that the laser pulse 24, indicated by its envelope lines 50, to the ignition point ZP focused can pass through.
  • the prechamber laser spark plug 56 has an end cap 58. This is arranged so that together with the end face of the ignition laser 24 facing the combustion chamber, it forms an antechamber 59 which encloses the ignition point ZP.
  • end cap 58 In the end cap 58 recesses 60 are arranged, which allow a gas exchange of the pre-chamber 59 with the combustion chamber 14.
  • the end cap 58 is screwed or welded onto the outer sleeve 38 of the ignition laser 26.
  • the protective layer 54 is disposed in the end cap 58 to form a plane between termination 40 and the recesses 60 on which the ignition point ZP lies.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Dispositif d'allumage à laser pour un moteur à combustion interne (10), comprenant un laser d'allumage (26) muni d'une fenêtre de chambre de combustion (42) ainsi qu'une couche de protection (54) destinée à protéger la fenêtre de chambre de combustion (42), caractérisé en ce que la couche de protection (54) brûle lors d'une mise en service du dispositif d'allumage à laser.
  2. Dispositif d'allumage à laser selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de protection (54) absorbe une impulsion laser (24).
  3. Dispositif d'allumage à laser selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de protection (54) est transparente pour une impulsion laser (24).
  4. Dispositif d'allumage à laser selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de protection (54) se compose d'un matériau absorbant.
  5. Dispositif d'allumage à laser selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de protection (54) se compose d'un matériau antisalissant.
  6. Dispositif d'allumage à laser selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de protection (54) se compose d'un matériau élastique.
  7. Dispositif d'allumage à laser selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de protection (54) est appliquée sous forme de liquide.
  8. Dispositif d'allumage à laser selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un écran (52) est disposé entre la couche de protection (54) et la fenêtre de chambre de combustion (42).
  9. Dispositif d'allumage à laser selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de protection (54) est disposée dans un point d'allumage (ZP).
  10. Dispositif d'allumage à laser selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de protection (54) est cintrée.
  11. Dispositif d'allumage à laser selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de protection (54) est intégrée dans un chapeau frontal (58).
  12. Dispositif d'allumage à laser selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de protection (54) comprend un film en métal et/ou en matière plastique, du papier, de préférence du papier cellophane, de l'huile et/ou une pâte.
  13. Dispositif d'allumage à laser selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de protection (54) est transparente ou opaque pour la lumière laser.
  14. Procédé pour mettre en service un dispositif d'allumage à laser pour un moteur à combustion interne comprenant une fenêtre de chambre de combustion (42) qui est munie d'une couche de protection (54), caractérisé en ce qu'un trou est brûlé dans la couche de protection (54) par des impulsions laser du dispositif d'allumage à laser en présence d'un mélange carburant/air inflammable.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que la couche de protection (54) est entièrement consumée lors du fonctionnement du moteur à combustion interne.
EP11776168.4A 2010-12-23 2011-10-27 Dispositif d'allumage au laser pour un moteur à combustion interne Not-in-force EP2655866B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010064023A DE102010064023A1 (de) 2010-12-23 2010-12-23 Laserzündeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
PCT/EP2011/068906 WO2012084311A1 (fr) 2010-12-23 2011-10-27 Dispositif d'allumage au laser pour un moteur à combustion interne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2655866A1 EP2655866A1 (fr) 2013-10-30
EP2655866B1 true EP2655866B1 (fr) 2018-03-07

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11776168.4A Not-in-force EP2655866B1 (fr) 2010-12-23 2011-10-27 Dispositif d'allumage au laser pour un moteur à combustion interne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US9347421B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2655866B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010064023A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012084311A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008043961A1 (de) * 2008-11-21 2010-05-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Laserinduzierte Fremdzündung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE102010064023A1 (de) * 2010-12-23 2012-06-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Laserzündeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
CN106471244B (zh) * 2014-07-02 2018-09-18 马自达汽车株式会社 激光点火式发动机的控制装置
DE112015005504B4 (de) 2014-12-08 2022-05-25 Denso Corporation Zündvorrichtung und Herstellungsverfahren einer in der Zündvorrichtung zu verwendenden superhydrophilen Membran
US9574541B2 (en) 2015-05-27 2017-02-21 Princeton Optronics Inc. Compact laser ignition device for combustion engine
EP3376021B1 (fr) 2017-03-16 2022-05-04 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Dispositif laser et moteur à combustion interne
CN113835310A (zh) * 2021-09-29 2021-12-24 深圳市先地图像科技有限公司 一种光阑以及激光器

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4824495A (en) * 1987-04-10 1989-04-25 Martin Marietta Corporation Combustible coatings as protective delay barriers
JPH09250438A (ja) * 1996-03-14 1997-09-22 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd エンジン着火装置
DE102004001554A1 (de) 2004-01-10 2005-08-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Zünden einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE102005009285B3 (de) * 2005-02-22 2006-09-21 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Fenstervorrichtung und Verwendung einer Fenstervorrichtung für ein Diagnosesystem für Verbrennungsvorgänge und für eine Brennkammer
DE102009026794A1 (de) * 2009-06-05 2010-12-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Laserzündeinrichtung
RU2362042C1 (ru) * 2008-01-28 2009-07-20 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Московский государственный технический университет "МАМИ" Лазерно-искровая свеча зажигания двигателя внутреннего сгорания
JP2010116841A (ja) * 2008-11-13 2010-05-27 Nippon Soken Inc レーザ点火装置。
DE102008043961A1 (de) 2008-11-21 2010-05-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Laserinduzierte Fremdzündung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE102010064023A1 (de) * 2010-12-23 2012-06-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Laserzündeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2655866A1 (fr) 2013-10-30
WO2012084311A1 (fr) 2012-06-28
US20130340696A1 (en) 2013-12-26
US9347421B2 (en) 2016-05-24
DE102010064023A1 (de) 2012-06-28

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