EP2649378B1 - Hydraulic separator - Google Patents

Description

A hydraulic diverter is a component that is used in hydraulic systems, such as heat and cold supply systems for energy transport, to decouple the generator and consumer circuit from each other on the pressure side. In this case, a temperature-carrying fluid flows through (usually water, aqueous mixtures, oil) in a flow and return at different temperatures, the switch, they are separated only because of their spatial position, so there are usually no partitions installed. The hydraulic switch is designed in the form of a vertically extending hollow body and has in each case at the lower and upper region connections to the generator circuit and to essentially opposite connections to a consumer circuit. This leads to the fact that there is a hydraulic or thermal influence between the flow rates of the flow and return in the plurality of cases, as it comes in the hydraulic switches to undesirable mixing phenomena. In refrigeration, the spread with 6 to 10K is very low, which is why the influence of the temperatures compared to the heating technology is critical to consider, since they may cause uneconomic operation under certain circumstances. These have a negative effect on the temperatures in the circuits (eg deviation from the planning specification). This affects the system function and thus reduces the efficiency. For large supply systems with large nominal pipe sizes, the hydraulic separator can often not be built with the height according to VDMA Specification 24770 [1] due to the structural conditions. Then the mixture problem increases significantly.

From the publication DE 20 2004 009 356 U1 a hydraulic switch is known, which is used for a heating system with an elongated switch housing, the longitudinal axis in the installed state of the switch vertically and the interior of which forms a water space for the heating water of the heating system, each with a boiler supply connection and boiler return connection, the vertical distance from each other the one longitudinal side of the switch housing are arranged and each with a consumer supply port and consumer return port, which are arranged at a vertical distance from each other on the other longitudinal side of the switch housing, the boiler return port and the consumer return port are in the lower part of the switch housing and wherein the consumer supply port is located in the upper region of the switch housing and wherein the boiler supply connection is offset relative to the consumer supply port downwards and inside the switch housing, a partition is provided, leading from the boiler supply port in the upper region of the interior of the switch housing channel from the rest of the switch body interior demarcates. The disadvantage here is that the partition wall is vertical and thus transverse to the flow direction, whereby the flow resistance is adversely affected.

Another device in the form of a distributor for heating systems is off EP 0 312 903 A1 known. This has a heat source in which a serving as a heat transfer medium is heated. The heat source is connected to a supply line and a return line. In one of these lines a circulation pump is provided. Consumer circuits connected in parallel to one another each have a flow line and a return line, and a circulation pump is provided in each of these lines. Between the heat source and the consumer circuits, a container is provided in the manner of a hydraulic switch and the flow line and the return line of the heat source and the flow and the return lines of the consumer circuits are directly connected to this container and open into this. In the container, a flowing through the medium mixing lattice or net-like guide member is provided. In conventional hydraulic switches, however, a mixture of the medium of flow and return is often not desired, since it leads to an undesirable effect on the temperature of the flow.

One in the publication EP 1 672 286 A1 described distribution device for a operated with a liquid medium circuit of a heat supply system, in particular a hot water heating system with a wall boiler as a heat source and mixed and / or unmixed heating circuits comprises in a hollow profile next to a flow chamber and a return chamber, another chamber as a hydraulic switch, in which the Kesselvor- and return lines open and which in turn is connected to the flow chamber and the return chamber. In the swirl chamber, a guide plate influencing the direction of the flow stream is arranged, at least in the area of the junction of the boiler flow, but the guide plate projects transversely into the flow path of the boiler flow line and thereby has a negative effect on the flow resistance.

From the publication DE 44 07 807 A1 is a heating system with one or more boilers of a supply circuit known to supply consumers together, being connected between the supply and return a hydraulic switch in the form of a long rectangular or round container with the two end regions associated flow and return pipe, the connections the supply pipe and the return pipe in the connection area with the container wall are ausgehalst and that in the end regions beyond the nozzle triangular baffles are arranged, which protrude with its tip to the center of the nozzle or far beyond and are formed reaching to the opposite wall of the nozzle. Furthermore, the guide plates with the tips towards each other. The return of the flow without delivery to the heating circuit back to the boiler should be particularly advantageous without any problems, especially when the baffles are arranged with its tip to the center of the nozzle or far beyond. As a result, when there is a decrease on the return side and accordingly there is no decrease on the heating circuit side, the supply is uniformly diverted with the flowing water medium and returned through the long, slim housing of the container. If a correspondingly high decrease occurs on the heating circuit side, it is ensured by the correspondingly formed tip of the baffles that the flow takes place around the baffle in the opposite nozzle, whereby a flow resistance is formed by the baffles in this case. A hydraulic switch according to the preamble of claim 1 is for example from the DE 298 06 517 U1 known. The object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic switch that can be arranged between a generator circuit and a consumer circuit and significantly improves the flow conditions using improved flow-conducting elements, with only a slight pressure loss is recorded.

This object is achieved by the features of the first claim.

Advantageous embodiments emerge from the subclaims.

The hydraulic switch is used in particular in hydraulic systems, such as heat and cold supply systems for energy transport to the generator and consumer circuit pressure side to each other decouple and is between at least one generator circuit and at least a consumer circuit can be arranged and has a switch housing, the longitudinal axis in the installed state of the switch is substantially vertical and wherein the switch housing at least a first flow from a generator circuit and at least a first lead to the generator cycle, and at least a second flow and a second return, the lead from the switch housing to a consumer circuit, wherein between the first flow connection and the second flow connection extending in the flow direction from the first flow connection to the second flow connection first flow-conducting element and between the first return and second return extending in the flow direction from the first return port to the second return port second flow-conducting element is arranged and these flow-conducting element respectively in the form of a circumferentially open over its entire length tube with a Au are formed of a volume flow ensuring opening angle (α).

The opening angle of the curved circumferentially open flow-conducting element is preferably between 5 ° and 270 °.

In particular, the sides of the half-tubes that are open transversely to the flow direction are away from one another and their closed sides toward one another.

Preferably, the flow-conducting element, which is arranged in the direction of the underside of the switch housing, a peripheral downwardly directed opening and the flow-conducting element, which is arranged above it in the direction of the top of the switch housing, has an upwardly directed peripheral opening.

Advantageously, the flow-conducting element is in the form of a bent tube which is open at both ends and peripherally, in particular in the form of a substantially half (semicircular in cross section) tube (half tube), and is thus referred to as a "half tube chicane".

It is possible to separate a tube longitudinally approximately in the middle and to use the two halves as semi-tubular flow-conducting elements. Alternatively, two plate-shaped elements corresponding to the required shape of the flow-conducting element can be bent circumferentially open with a corresponding opening angle become. Alternatively, it is also possible to use a circumferentially closed tube and to provide this on a peripheral half with a longitudinally extending opening (corresponding to the required opening angle).

Surprisingly, it has been found that the exchange of a large volume flow between the temperature carrier fluid located in the switch housing and the volume flow flowing through the flow-conducting elements through the flow-conducting elements between the first and second flow and between the first and second return flow through the relatively large openings , is ensured, on the one hand the flow behavior of the temperature carrier fluid is substantially improved and in addition pressure losses compared to conventional hydraulic switches are reduced without inventive flow-conducting elements.

Furthermore, an increase in the efficiency can be ensured with the system according to the invention.

Surprisingly, a good separation between the volume flow of the flow and the volume flow of the return is guaranteed even with a large opening angle of the flow-conducting element to 270 °.

Figur 1

die Prinzipdarstellung einer hydraulischen Weiche eines Systems für eine Kühlung im Längsschnitt,

Figur 2

den Schnitt A-A gemäß Figur 1,

Figur 3

strömungsleitendes Element mit einem Öffnungswinkel von α=20°,

Figur 4

strömungsleitendes Element mit einem Öffnungswinkel von α=180° und

Figur 5

strömungsleitendes Element mit einem Öffnungswinkel von α=270°.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment and associated drawings. Show it:

FIG. 1

the schematic representation of a hydraulic switch of a system for cooling in longitudinal section,

FIG. 2

the section AA according to FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3

flow-conducting element with an opening angle of α = 20 °,

FIG. 4

flow-conducting element with an opening angle of α = 180 ° and

FIG. 5

flow-conducting element with an opening angle of α = 270 °.

The hydraulic switch 1 is according to FIG. 1 arranged between a generator circuit K1 and a consumer circuit K2, wherein the refrigeration on the side of the generator circuit K1, for example, with a non-illustrated Chiller takes place. The hydraulic switch 1 has a vertically extending switch housing 2 with a vertical longitudinal axis A. The switch housing 2 has a space 3 for a temperature carrier fluid.

In this case, the switch housing 2 is preferably designed in the form of a cylinder whose height is a multiple of the diameter of the cylinder. Preferably, the height of the switch housing 2 is more than twice the diameter of the cylinder. Of course, instead of a cylinder and a different shape for the switch housing can be selected. The switch housing 2 has on its underside and on its upper side in particular a convexly curved shape, which also has a positive effect on the flow behavior of the temperature carrier fluid.

From the generator circuit K1 performs a first flow 4 to the switch housing 2 and in the space 3. The first flow 4 opens at the bottom of the switch in the space 3. Essentially aligned above a first return flow 5 is provided, which is also through the switch body with the space 3 is in communication. The first flow 4 is substantially opposite a second flow 6 and the first return 5 is substantially opposite a second return line 7 is connected to the switch housing 2 in the space 3 opening and coupled to the consumer circuit K2.
In the housing 2 of the hydraulic switch 1 extends between the first flow 4 and the second flow 6 in the flow direction of the flow V first flow-guiding element 8 and between the first return 5 and second return 7 extending in the flow direction of the return flow R second flow-conducting element 9. The first and the second flow-conducting element 8, 9 are in the form of circumferentially open half-tubes. In this case, the circumferentially open side 8.1 of the first flow-conducting element facing downward and the circumferentially open side 9.1 of the second flow-guiding element 9 upwards and the opening angle α of the circumference is 180 ° (see also FIG. 2 ). The mutually facing portions of the flow-conducting elements 8, 9 are closed.
The below the first flow 4 in the direction of the flow V supplied temperature carrier fluid passes through the switch body 2 in the downwardly open first flow-conducting element 8 and this with directed flow in the second flow 6 of the consumer K2 and is a consumer, not shown by means of a or several corresponding pumps supplied. From This consumer is the heated temperature carrier fluid via the second return line 7 of the consumer circuit K2 introduced through the switch body 2 in the space 3 and passed over the upwardly open second flow-conducting element 9 also with directional flow direction in return flow R in the first return 5 of the generator circuit and there fed to the chiller, not shown. Also in the generator circuit one or more pumps, not shown, are provided.

The first and the second flow-conducting element are preferably designed as half pipe baffles and open at both ends and in the circumferential direction to one side.

If the system is used for heating, for example, a boiler is arranged on the generator side. In this case, there are the first and second flow 4, 6 at the top of the hydraulic switch 1 and the first and second return in the region of the underside of the hydraulic switch. The peripheral openings of the flow-conducting elements 8, 9 also point away from each other.

The solution according to the invention can be operated with a heat transfer medium in the form of water or other heat or cooling agents in the form of liquids and can be used for heating and cooling small and large systems.

In FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 are variants of the flow-conducting elements 8, 9 with an opening angle of α = 20 ° ( FIG. 3 ), of α = 180 ° ( FIG. 4 ) and α = 270 ° ( FIG. 5 ). In the FIG. 4 with an opening angle of 180 ° is thus half a pipe and at FIG. 5 with an opening angle of 270 ° only a quarter, the peripheral wall of a tube used as a flow-conducting element 8, 9.

Due to the large circumferential openings of the flow-conducting elements 8, 9 large volume flows are balanced with only small pressure losses between generator circuit and consumer circuit. There is only a minimal flow resistance when sucking or discharging heat transfer medium for balancing the volume flow recorded, at the same time a good separation between the flow rate of the flow and the flow rate of the return is ensured, even if only a quarter tube used in the form of a bent sheet becomes.

Thus, unwanted additional mixing processes of the temperature carrier fluid (heat or refrigerant) between the flow and return and the temperature carrier fluid located in the switch housing are reduced to a possible minimum.

The calculation of the hydraulic points is based on the volume flows and temperatures preferably with means of flow simulation.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

hydraulic switch

2

soft housing

3

Room 3

4

first lead

5

first return

6

second lead

7

second return

8th

first flow-conducting element

8.1

circumferentially open side of 8

9

second flow-conducting element 9

9.1

circumferentially open side of 9

A

Longitudinal axis A

K1

The generator circuit

K2

Consumer circuit

R

Return flow

V

forward flow

α

opening angle

Claims (6)

1. A hydraulic switch for hydraulic systems, in particular heat and cold supply systems, which can be arranged between at least one generator circuit (K1) and at least one consumer circuit (K2) and has a switch housing (2) whose longitudinal axis (A), in the installed state of the switch (1), extends essentially vertical and whose interior has a chamber (3) for a temperature carrier fluid,
   wherein at least one first feed connection (4) and at least one first return connection (5) are provided on the switch housing (2), which connections can be connected to the generator circuit (K1),
   and at least one second feed connection (6) and one second return connection (7) are provided, which can be connected to the consumer circuit (K2),
   wherein a first flow-conducting element (8) extending in the direction of flow from the first feed connection (4) to the second feed connection (6) is arranged between the first feed connection and the second feed connection, and a second flow-conducting element (9) extending in the direction of flow from the first return connection (5) to the second return connection (7) is arranged between the first return connection (5) and the second return connection (7), characterized in that the first and second flow-conducting elements (8, 9) are each arranged in the form of a tube, which is circumferentially open over its entire length, with an opening angle (α) which ensures the compensation of a volume flow.
2. A hydraulic switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening angle (α) is between 5° and 270°.
3. A hydraulic switch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the flow-conducting element (8, 9), which is arranged in the direction towards the underside of the switch housing (2), has a downwardly directed opening formed by the opening angle (α), and the flow-conducting element, (2) which is arranged in the direction towards the upper side of the switch housing (2), has an upwardly directed opening formed by the opening angle (α).
4. A hydraulic switch according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the flow-conducting elements (8, 9) are designed in the form of essentially half a tube, which is semicircular in the cross section, in the manner of a half-tube.
5. A hydraulic switch according to claim 4, characterized in that the flow-conducting elements (8, 9) designed as half-tubes are oriented away from one another with their open sides (8.1, 9.1) and face one another with their closed sides.
6. A hydraulic switch according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the radius of the two tubular flow-conducting elements essentially corresponds to the radius of the first and second feed connection (4, 6) and the radius of the first and second return connection (5, 7).

Images