EP2649239B1 - Device for diverting a structural cable, such as a guy line, and construction comprising same - Google Patents

Device for diverting a structural cable, such as a guy line, and construction comprising same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2649239B1
EP2649239B1 EP11811045.1A EP11811045A EP2649239B1 EP 2649239 B1 EP2649239 B1 EP 2649239B1 EP 11811045 A EP11811045 A EP 11811045A EP 2649239 B1 EP2649239 B1 EP 2649239B1
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Prior art keywords
conduit
section
cross
central portion
construction work
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EP11811045.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2649239A2 (en
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Erik Mellier
Stéphane JOYE
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Soletanche Freyssinet SA
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Soletanche Freyssinet SA
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Priority to PL11811045T priority Critical patent/PL2649239T3/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/14—Towers; Anchors ; Connection of cables to bridge parts; Saddle supports
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to devices used to deflect structural cables, including guy wires.
  • the cables In cable-stayed structures, the cables have an upper part located at a pylon and lower ends anchored to the suspended structure, for example the deck of a bridge. In a traditional design, each cable has its upper end anchored on the pylon.
  • guyed structures in which the cables follow paths of generally inverted V shape, being deflected on the pylon using a device commonly called saddle.
  • the strands of the cable follow curved paths, typically following a substantially constant radius of curvature.
  • the strands extend uninterruptedly along the saddle. It is necessary to ensure sufficient friction of the strands on the saddle to avoid unwanted sliding.
  • WO 2007/121782 A1 describes a saddle in which each strand forming a strand of the cable is received in an individual conduit whose wall has, on either side of the plane containing the curved path of the strand, two inclined faces giving the conduit a general V-shaped section.
  • the V-shaped section of the duct blocks the strand by corner effect when it is tensioned by the load of the structure.
  • This saddle design is not without drawbacks.
  • the contacts between the strand and the wall of its conduit are punctual, which is not conducive to a good distribution of local constraints.
  • the saddle is not compatible with the use of individually wrapped strands because the individual sheath of a strand would be damaged by the jamming force generated by the V-shaped duct.
  • these individually wrapped strands are very often preferred for the production of structural cables because their resistance to corrosion is enhanced by the insulation imparted to the sheath. If we nevertheless want to use such strands with the saddle of WO 2007/121782 A1 , the sheaths must be removed from the lengths of the strands placed inside the saddle, which requires the implementation of special measures to isolate the metal sufficiently from the strands. Despite these measures, which can be complex and costly, the stripping of the strands at the approach of the saddle may be a weakness in the corrosion protection of the stays.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide another saddle design that reduces the incidence of the above problems, including ensuring adequate transmission of stresses within the curved path followed by the strands.
  • the invention thus proposes a device for deflecting a structural cable comprising several stretched strands.
  • the device comprises a body traversed by conduits.
  • Each duct has a wall for guiding one of the strands along a curved path.
  • the wall of the duct has a support zone of the strand directed inwardly of the curvature of the path, which support zone has, at least in a central portion of the duct and transversely to the curved path, an arcuate section of circle of radius substantially equal to half the outer diameter of the strand.
  • the central portion of the duct has an enlarged cross section outside the support zone.
  • Maintaining the strands in their conduit, preventing their sliding along the curved path, results from the friction of the strand in the support zone of the duct wall which may have a roughness more or less marked.
  • the strand is in contact with this support zone on a surface having a certain extent given the arcuate shape of radius adapted to the strand. It is pressed against this support zone by the tension applied on the cable.
  • the deflection device makes it possible to use strands each comprising a metal strand and a plastic sheath surrounding the strand.
  • the sheath can then be uninterrupted through the saddle and cable anchors, being applied against the support area of the duct wall.
  • an angular sector of at least 60 ° for the arcuate shape of the section of the support zone provides sufficient frictional locking in many configurations.
  • This angular sector may in particular be between 90 and 120 °.
  • the ducts have a sufficient section to allow threading without difficulty strands. This property can be obtained by giving them a cross section sufficient to contain a circle with a diameter of at least 2 mm greater than the outer diameter of the strand.
  • the shape of the cross section of the central portion of the duct outside the support zone may be that of a vault of diameter greater than the outside diameter of the strand.
  • a vault shape for example circular, avoids undesirable concentrations of stress in the material located between the individual conduits of the device.
  • the conduit may be formed so that its cross section flares outwardly on at least one side of its central portion.
  • the flare may in particular follow, on the inner side of the curvature of the path, a substantially circular generative line of radius less than the radius of curvature of the path in the central portion of the conduit.
  • the deflection device further comprises a curved tube for receiving the structural cable, the body provided with the conduits being housed inside the curved tube.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a construction structure, such as a cable-stayed bridge, comprising at least one structural cable comprising a plurality of tensioned strands, anchors of the strands at the ends of the cable, and at least one device for deflecting the cable between the two anchors, this device being as defined above.
  • the construction example shown on the figure 1 consists of a cable-stayed bridge.
  • the deck 1 of such a bridge is traditionally carried by one or more towers 2 via stays 3 along inclined paths between the pylon and the deck.
  • each stay 3 passes through a deflection device 5 made according to the invention, hereinafter called saddle.
  • the saddle 5 comprises a curved metal tube 6 embedded in the concrete of which the tower 2 is made.
  • the curved tube 6 has, for example, been shaped by bending a steel tube and then placed in the appropriate geometric configuration before Pour the concrete tower 2.
  • the structural cable is here formed by a guy 3 composed of several strands 4 stretched through the saddle 5 without interruption.
  • the strands 4 preferably consist of individually sheathed strands, the metal strand and its plastic sheath. being both uninterrupted inside the saddle 5.
  • each strand 4 follows a curved path T ( figure 3 ) defined by an individual duct 10.
  • the ducts 10 are formed in a body 7 of molded material housed inside the curved tube 6.
  • the stay 3 extends freely to the two anchors 8 installed on the deck 1.
  • These anchors 8 may for example be in accordance with that described in FIG. WO 00/75453 A1 .
  • the ducts 10 formed in the saddle 5 each receive a respective sheathed strand 4. In their central part, they preferably follow a curved path T of constant radius R.
  • the cross section of the duct 10 has for example the shape shown on the figure 4 , where the wall of the duct has a support zone 11 directed inwardly of the curvature of the path T.
  • the shape of the support zone 11 is in an arc of radius of radius r.
  • the radius r of the arcuate shape of the support zone 11 in the central part of the duct 10 corresponds to half the outer diameter of the strand 4.
  • the support zone 11 has a relatively large contact area between the wall of the duct 10 and the periphery of the strand 4, which generates a proper friction force to maintain the strand in position when it is tensioned by the load of the structure.
  • the angular sector ⁇ on which the support zone extends is advantageously at least 60 °. Optimally, this angular aperture ⁇ is between 90 ° and 120 °.
  • the upper part 12 of the wall of the duct 10, towards the outside of its curvature, is wider than the support zone in order to allow the smooth insertion of the strand 4 during the mounting of the stay.
  • This widening of the central portion of the duct outside the support zone 11 can be achieved by giving the upper portion 12 a vault-shaped cross section of diameter greater than the outer diameter of the strand. It has been determined that the insertion of the strand 4 into the duct takes place without any problem when the cross section of the duct, in its central part, is sufficient to contain a circle C of diameter greater than minus 2 mm to the outer diameter of strand 4, as shown in figure 6 .
  • the strand 4 can be threaded into its conduit without rubbing on the saddle 5.
  • a removable wedge 15 for example in the form of a plastic ribbon, before threading.
  • the arch shape of the upper part 12 of the wall of the duct 10 may in particular have a circular profile of radius r '> r, radial shoulders 13 then connecting the support zone 11 to the upper part 12.
  • the rounded shape of the vault is favorable to the vertical flow of compressive stresses in the molded matrix 7 of the saddle 5.
  • the cross section of the duct 10 flares outwardly on either side of the central portion. This flare, visible on the figure 3 , used to guide the deviations of the strands resulting from load variations in the cables.
  • the flaring of the cross section of the duct 10 can follow a generating line whose shape is advantageously circular with a radius R 'smaller than the radius of curvature R of the path T in the central portion
  • the fact that the radius R 'is constant makes it possible to limit the bending stresses to which the strands 4 are subjected.
  • the flaring of the cross section of the duct 10 at both ends may result from a homothety of the shape shown in FIG. figure 4 .
  • One variant consists in progressively widening outwardly the inner part of the section of the duct so as to make it tend towards the circle of radius r 'on the external face of the saddle 5.
  • Another variant consists in placing, on both sides, another of the central portion of constant section of the duct 10, a flare of circular cross section, trumpet-shaped, the smallest diameter is equal to r '. In this way, the flaring can simply be achieved by a guide piece formed by machining and placed at the mouth of the duct 10.
  • the central part of the ducts 10 may be made by molding in the material 7, for example a filling mortar, constituting the matrix of the saddle 5.
  • the tube 6 is then provided with negative molds having the shape of the ducts 10. Positions and their transverse spacings are held by guides evenly spaced in the tube 6.
  • the tube 6 is then filled with a hardenable material such as a high strength mortar.
  • the formwork can be made either by mechanical destruction of the molds, or by dissolution or shrinkage.
  • This embodiment of the saddle by molding can be performed in the factory. On site, the saddle thus produced is hoisted on the pylon and put in place at the prescribed position. Once the pylon is completed, the strands 4 of the stay are hoisted, slipped into the saddle 5 and then anchored on the deck 1.
  • An advantage of the saddle 5 described above is that it is compatible with the use of strands 4 constituted by individually wrapped strands.
  • the section of such a strand 4 is shown on the Figures 5 and 6 , where the reference 16 designates the twisted metal son of the strand, and the reference 17 designates the plastic sheath that surrounds these son.
  • the wires 16 are typically made of galvanized steel while the sheath 17 is made of high density polyethylene (HDPE).
  • HDPE high density polyethylene
  • a flexible filling material fills the interstices between the wires 16 and those between the wires 16 and the sheath 17.
  • the sheathed strand 4 shown on the Figures 5 and 6 has a circular outer section.
  • the support zone 11 of the ducts 10 is then dimensioned to have the same radius r as that of the sheathed strand 4.
  • there may be a slight difference in radius between the support zone 11 and the outer section of the strand 4 to the extent that the creep of the plastic material of the sheath 17 pressed against the wall of the conduit remains acceptable.
  • the outer section of the strand 4 is not exactly circular but, for example, hexagonal rounded corners due to the extrusion of the sheath 17 on the metal strand.
  • the "outer diameter of the strand” should be understood as the diameter of the smallest circle in which the cross-section of the strand is inscribed. This definition of "outer diameter of the strand” also applies in the case of a metallic strand unsheathed. Although not preferred, the latter case may fall within the scope of the invention, the contacts between the stretched strand and the support zone 11 of its conduit then being in spiral lines rather than punctual.
  • the deflection device according to the invention can be used to deflect structural cables other than shrouds.

Description

La présente invention concerne les dispositifs employés pour dévier des câbles de structure, notamment des haubans.The present invention relates to devices used to deflect structural cables, including guy wires.

Il est courant de réaliser des câbles de structure sous forme de faisceaux de brins individuels tendus et ancrés à leurs extrémités. La conception d'un ouvrage de construction peut amener à faire dévier le câble dans une ou plusieurs zones de son tracé.It is common to make structural cables in the form of bundles of individual strands stretched and anchored at their ends. The design of a construction work may cause the cable to be deflected in one or more areas of its layout.

Dans les ouvrages haubanés, les câbles ont une partie supérieure située au niveau d'un pylône et des extrémités inférieures ancrées sur la structure suspendue, par exemple le tablier d'un pont. Dans une conception traditionnelle, chaque câble a son extrémité supérieure ancrée sur le pylône. On rencontre aussi des ouvrages haubanés dans lesquels les câbles suivent des trajets de forme générale en V inversé, en étant déviés sur le pylône à l'aide d'un dispositif communément appelé selle.In cable-stayed structures, the cables have an upper part located at a pylon and lower ends anchored to the suspended structure, for example the deck of a bridge. In a traditional design, each cable has its upper end anchored on the pylon. There are also guyed structures in which the cables follow paths of generally inverted V shape, being deflected on the pylon using a device commonly called saddle.

Au niveau de la selle, les brins du câble suivent des trajets incurvés, typiquement suivant un rayon de courbure sensiblement constant. Avantageusement, les brins s'étendent de manière ininterrompue le long de la selle. Il convient d'assurer un frottement suffisant des brins sur la selle afin d'éviter des coulissements indésirables.At the saddle, the strands of the cable follow curved paths, typically following a substantially constant radius of curvature. Advantageously, the strands extend uninterruptedly along the saddle. It is necessary to ensure sufficient friction of the strands on the saddle to avoid unwanted sliding.

WO 2007/121782 A1 décrit une selle dans laquelle chaque toron formant un brin du câble est reçu dans un conduit individuel dont la paroi présente, de part et d'autre du plan contenant le trajet courbe du toron, deux faces inclinées donnant au conduit une section générale en V. La forme en V de la section du conduit bloque le toron par effet de coin lorsqu'il est mis en tension par la charge de l'ouvrage. Cette conception de selle n'est pas sans inconvénients. En particulier, les contacts entre le toron et la paroi de son conduit sont ponctuels, ce qui n'est pas favorable à une bonne répartition des contraintes locales. En outre, la selle n'est pas compatible avec l'emploi de torons individuellement gainés car la gaine individuelle d'un toron serait endommagée par l'effort de coincement engendré par le profil en V du conduit. Pourtant ces torons individuellement gainés sont très souvent préférés pour la réalisation de câbles de structure car leur résistance à la corrosion est renforcée par l'isolation conférée la gaine. Si on veut néanmoins utiliser de tels torons avec la selle de WO 2007/121782 A1 , il faut retirer les gaines sur les longueurs des torons placées à l'intérieur de la selle, ce qui requiert la mise en oeuvre de mesures spéciales pour isoler suffisamment le métal des torons. Malgré ces mesures, qui peuvent être complexes et coûteuses, le dénudage des brins à l'approche de la selle risque de constituer une faiblesse dans la protection anticorrosion des haubans. WO 2007/121782 A1 describes a saddle in which each strand forming a strand of the cable is received in an individual conduit whose wall has, on either side of the plane containing the curved path of the strand, two inclined faces giving the conduit a general V-shaped section. The V-shaped section of the duct blocks the strand by corner effect when it is tensioned by the load of the structure. This saddle design is not without drawbacks. In particular, the contacts between the strand and the wall of its conduit are punctual, which is not conducive to a good distribution of local constraints. In addition, the saddle is not compatible with the use of individually wrapped strands because the individual sheath of a strand would be damaged by the jamming force generated by the V-shaped duct. However, these individually wrapped strands are very often preferred for the production of structural cables because their resistance to corrosion is enhanced by the insulation imparted to the sheath. If we nevertheless want to use such strands with the saddle of WO 2007/121782 A1 , the sheaths must be removed from the lengths of the strands placed inside the saddle, which requires the implementation of special measures to isolate the metal sufficiently from the strands. Despite these measures, which can be complex and costly, the stripping of the strands at the approach of the saddle may be a weakness in the corrosion protection of the stays.

Un but de la présente invention est de proposer une autre conception de selle qui réduise l'incidence des problèmes ci-dessus, notamment en assurant une transmission adéquate des contraintes à l'intérieur du trajet courbe suivi par les brins.An object of the present invention is to provide another saddle design that reduces the incidence of the above problems, including ensuring adequate transmission of stresses within the curved path followed by the strands.

L'invention propose ainsi un dispositif de déviation d'un câble de structure comportant plusieurs brins tendus. Le dispositif comprend un corps traversé de conduits. Chaque conduit a une paroi pour guider un des brins selon un trajet courbe. La paroi du conduit comporte une zone de support du brin dirigée vers l'intérieur de la courbure du trajet, laquelle zone de support présente, au moins dans une partie centrale du conduit et transversalement au trajet courbe, une section en forme d'arc de cercle de rayon sensiblement égal à la moitié du diamètre extérieur du brin. La partie centrale du conduit a une section transversale élargie en dehors de la zone de support.The invention thus proposes a device for deflecting a structural cable comprising several stretched strands. The device comprises a body traversed by conduits. Each duct has a wall for guiding one of the strands along a curved path. The wall of the duct has a support zone of the strand directed inwardly of the curvature of the path, which support zone has, at least in a central portion of the duct and transversely to the curved path, an arcuate section of circle of radius substantially equal to half the outer diameter of the strand. The central portion of the duct has an enlarged cross section outside the support zone.

Le maintien des brins dans leur conduit, empêchant leur coulissement le long du trajet courbe, résulte du frottement du brin dans la zone de support de la paroi du conduit qui peut avoir une rugosité plus ou moins marquée. Le brin est au contact de cette zone de support sur une surface ayant une certaine étendue compte tenu de la forme en arc de cercle de rayon adapté au brin. Il est pressé contre cette zone de support par la tension appliquée sur le câble.Maintaining the strands in their conduit, preventing their sliding along the curved path, results from the friction of the strand in the support zone of the duct wall which may have a roughness more or less marked. The strand is in contact with this support zone on a surface having a certain extent given the arcuate shape of radius adapted to the strand. It is pressed against this support zone by the tension applied on the cable.

Grâce à la bonne répartition des contraintes transmises entre les brins et la paroi de leurs conduits, le dispositif de déviation permet d'utiliser des brins comportant chacun un toron métallique et une gaine en matière plastique entourant le toron. La gaine peut alors être ininterrompue à travers la selle et jusqu'aux ancrages du câble, en étant appliquée contre la zone de support de la paroi du conduit.Thanks to the good distribution of the stresses transmitted between the strands and the wall of their conduits, the deflection device makes it possible to use strands each comprising a metal strand and a plastic sheath surrounding the strand. The sheath can then be uninterrupted through the saddle and cable anchors, being applied against the support area of the duct wall.

Il a été déterminé qu'un secteur angulaire d'au moins 60° pour la forme en arc de cercle de la section de la zone de support procure un blocage par frottement suffisant dans de nombreuses configurations. Ce secteur angulaire peut notamment être compris entre 90 et 120°.It has been determined that an angular sector of at least 60 ° for the arcuate shape of the section of the support zone provides sufficient frictional locking in many configurations. This angular sector may in particular be between 90 and 120 °.

Il convient généralement que les conduits présentent une section suffisante pour permettre un enfilage sans difficulté des brins. Cette propriété peut être obtenue en leur conférant une section transversale suffisante pour contenir un cercle de diamètre supérieur d'au moins 2 mm au diamètre extérieur du brin.It is generally appropriate that the ducts have a sufficient section to allow threading without difficulty strands. This property can be obtained by giving them a cross section sufficient to contain a circle with a diameter of at least 2 mm greater than the outer diameter of the strand.

La forme de la section transversale de la partie centrale du conduit en dehors de la zone de support peut être celle d'une voûte de diamètre supérieur au diamètre extérieur du brin. Une forme de voûte, par exemple circulaire, évite des concentrations indésirables de contraintes dans la matière située entre les conduits individuels du dispositif.The shape of the cross section of the central portion of the duct outside the support zone may be that of a vault of diameter greater than the outside diameter of the strand. A vault shape, for example circular, avoids undesirable concentrations of stress in the material located between the individual conduits of the device.

Pour tolérer une marge de variation angulaire du câble sur l'un ou l'autre des côtés du dispositif, on peut former le conduit de façon que sa section transversale s'évase vers l'extérieur sur au moins un côté de sa partie centrale. L'évasement peut notamment suivre, sur le côté intérieur de la courbure du trajet, une ligne génératrice sensiblement circulaire de rayon inférieur au rayon de courbure du trajet dans la partie centrale du conduit.To tolerate a margin of angular variation of the cable on either side of the device, the conduit may be formed so that its cross section flares outwardly on at least one side of its central portion. The flare may in particular follow, on the inner side of the curvature of the path, a substantially circular generative line of radius less than the radius of curvature of the path in the central portion of the conduit.

Dans un mode de réalisation, le dispositif de déviation comprend en outre un tube courbe pour recevoir le câble de structure, le corps pourvu des conduits étant logé à l'intérieur du tube courbe.In one embodiment, the deflection device further comprises a curved tube for receiving the structural cable, the body provided with the conduits being housed inside the curved tube.

Un autre aspect de l'invention se rapporte à un ouvrage de construction, comme par exemple un pont à haubans, comprenant au moins un câble de structure comportant plusieurs brins tendus, des ancrages des brins aux extrémités du câble, et au moins un dispositif de déviation du câble entre les deux ancrages, ce dispositif étant tel que défini ci-dessus.Another aspect of the invention relates to a construction structure, such as a cable-stayed bridge, comprising at least one structural cable comprising a plurality of tensioned strands, anchors of the strands at the ends of the cable, and at least one device for deflecting the cable between the two anchors, this device being as defined above.

D'autres particularités et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront dans la description ci-après d'un exemple de réalisation non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels:

  • la figure 1 est un schéma d'un pont à haubans auquel l'invention peut s'appliquer;
  • la figure 2 est une vue très schématique d'un hauban équipé d'un mode de réalisation du dispositif de déviation;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe axiale d'un conduit appartenant au dispositif de déviation;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe transversale du dispositif de déviation, suivant le plan IV-IV indiqué sur la figure 3;
  • la figure 5 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un conduit dans lequel est logé un brin du câble; et
  • la figure 6 est une vue semblable à celle de la figure 5, montrant le conduit et le brin dans une phase d'installation du câble.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear in the following description of a nonlimiting exemplary embodiment, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a diagram of a cable-stayed bridge to which the invention may apply;
  • the figure 2 is a very schematic view of a stay equipped with an embodiment of the deflection device;
  • the figure 3 is an axial sectional view of a duct belonging to the deflection device;
  • the figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the deflection device, along the plane IV-IV indicated on the figure 3 ;
  • the figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a duct in which is housed a strand of the cable; and
  • the figure 6 is a view similar to that of the figure 5 , showing the duct and strand in a cable installation phase.

L'exemple de réalisation d'ouvrage de construction représenté sur la figure 1 consiste en un pont à haubans. Le tablier 1 d'un tel pont est traditionnellement porté par un ou plusieurs pylônes 2 par l'intermédiaire de haubans 3 suivant des trajets inclinés entre le pylône et le tablier. Au niveau du pylône 2, chaque hauban 3 traverse un dispositif de déviation 5 réalisé conformément à l'invention, ci-après appelé selle.The construction example shown on the figure 1 consists of a cable-stayed bridge. The deck 1 of such a bridge is traditionally carried by one or more towers 2 via stays 3 along inclined paths between the pylon and the deck. At the pylon 2, each stay 3 passes through a deflection device 5 made according to the invention, hereinafter called saddle.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 2, la selle 5 comporte un tube métallique courbe 6 noyé dans le béton dont est fait le pylône 2. Le tube courbe 6 a par exemple été mis en forme par cintrage d'un tube en acier, puis placé dans la configuration géométrique appropriée avant de couler le béton du pylône 2. Le câble de structure est ici formé par un hauban 3 composé de plusieurs brins tendus 4 qui traversent la selle 5 sans interruption. Les brins 4 consistent de préférence en des torons individuellement gainés, le toron métallique et sa gaine en matière plastique étant tous deux ininterrompus à l'intérieur de la selle 5. A travers cette selle, chaque brin 4 suit un trajet courbe T (figure 3) défini par un conduit individuel 10. Les conduits 10 sont formés dans un corps 7 en matière moulée logé à l'intérieur du tube courbe 6.In the embodiment shown on the figure 2 the saddle 5 comprises a curved metal tube 6 embedded in the concrete of which the tower 2 is made. The curved tube 6 has, for example, been shaped by bending a steel tube and then placed in the appropriate geometric configuration before Pour the concrete tower 2. The structural cable is here formed by a guy 3 composed of several strands 4 stretched through the saddle 5 without interruption. The strands 4 preferably consist of individually sheathed strands, the metal strand and its plastic sheath. being both uninterrupted inside the saddle 5. Through this saddle, each strand 4 follows a curved path T ( figure 3 ) defined by an individual duct 10. The ducts 10 are formed in a body 7 of molded material housed inside the curved tube 6.

A l'extérieur de la selle 5, le hauban 3 s'étend librement jusqu'aux deux ancrages 8 installés sur le tablier 1. Ces ancrages 8 peuvent par exemple être conformes à celui décrit dans WO 00/75453 A1 .Outside the seat 5, the stay 3 extends freely to the two anchors 8 installed on the deck 1. These anchors 8 may for example be in accordance with that described in FIG. WO 00/75453 A1 .

Les conduits 10 ménagés dans la selle 5 reçoivent chacun un toron gainé respectif 4. Dans leur partie centrale, ils suivent de préférence un trajet courbe T de rayon constant R. Dans cette partie, la section transversale du conduit 10 a par exemple la forme représentée sur la figure 4, où la paroi du conduit présente une zone de support 11 dirigée vers l'intérieur de la courbure du trajet T. La forme de la zone de support 11 est en arc de cercle de rayon r.The ducts 10 formed in the saddle 5 each receive a respective sheathed strand 4. In their central part, they preferably follow a curved path T of constant radius R. In this part, the cross section of the duct 10 has for example the shape shown on the figure 4 , where the wall of the duct has a support zone 11 directed inwardly of the curvature of the path T. The shape of the support zone 11 is in an arc of radius of radius r.

Comme le montrent les figures 4 et 5, le rayon r de la forme en arc de cercle de la zone de support 11 dans la partie centrale du conduit 10 correspond à la moitié du diamètre extérieur du brin 4. Ainsi, la zone de support 11 offre une surface de contact relativement étendue entre la paroi du conduit 10 et la périphérie du brin 4, qui engendre un effort de frottement propre à maintenir le brin en position lorsqu'il est mis en tension par la charge de l'ouvrage. Le secteur angulaire α sur lequel s'étend la zone de support est avantageusement d'au moins 60°. De manière optimale, cette ouverture angulaire α est comprise entre 90°et 120°.As shown by Figures 4 and 5 the radius r of the arcuate shape of the support zone 11 in the central part of the duct 10 corresponds to half the outer diameter of the strand 4. Thus, the support zone 11 has a relatively large contact area between the wall of the duct 10 and the periphery of the strand 4, which generates a proper friction force to maintain the strand in position when it is tensioned by the load of the structure. The angular sector α on which the support zone extends is advantageously at least 60 °. Optimally, this angular aperture α is between 90 ° and 120 °.

La partie supérieure 12 de la paroi du conduit 10, vers l'extérieur de sa courbure, est plus large que la zone de support afin de permettre l'introduction sans encombre du brin 4 lors du montage du hauban. Cet élargissement de la partie centrale du conduit en dehors de la zone de support 11 peut être réalisé en donnant à la partie supérieure 12 une section transversale en forme de voûte de diamètre supérieur au diamètre extérieur du brin. On a déterminé que l'introduction du brin 4 dans le conduit s'effectue sans problème lorsque la section transversale du conduit, dans sa partie centrale, est suffisante pour contenir un cercle C de diamètre supérieur d'au moins 2 mm au diamètre extérieur du brin 4, comme le montre la figure 6.The upper part 12 of the wall of the duct 10, towards the outside of its curvature, is wider than the support zone in order to allow the smooth insertion of the strand 4 during the mounting of the stay. This widening of the central portion of the duct outside the support zone 11 can be achieved by giving the upper portion 12 a vault-shaped cross section of diameter greater than the outer diameter of the strand. It has been determined that the insertion of the strand 4 into the duct takes place without any problem when the cross section of the duct, in its central part, is sufficient to contain a circle C of diameter greater than minus 2 mm to the outer diameter of strand 4, as shown in figure 6 .

Ainsi, le brin 4 peut être enfilé dans son conduit sans frotter sur la selle 5. À cet effet, on peut disposer une cale amovible 15, par exemple sous la forme d'un ruban de matière plastique, préalablement à l'enfilage. Une fois que le brin 4 est mis en place, la cale 15 est retirée, le brin 4 étant alors déposé dans la zone de support 11.Thus, the strand 4 can be threaded into its conduit without rubbing on the saddle 5. For this purpose, it is possible to have a removable wedge 15, for example in the form of a plastic ribbon, before threading. Once the strand 4 is put in place, the wedge 15 is removed, the strand 4 then being deposited in the support zone 11.

La forme de voûte de la partie supérieure 12 de la paroi du conduit 10 peut notamment avoir un profil circulaire de rayon r' > r, des épaulements radiaux 13 raccordant alors la zone de support 11 à la partie supérieure 12. La forme arrondie de la voûte est favorable à l'écoulement vertical des contraintes de compression régnant dans la matrice moulée 7 de la selle 5.The arch shape of the upper part 12 of the wall of the duct 10 may in particular have a circular profile of radius r '> r, radial shoulders 13 then connecting the support zone 11 to the upper part 12. The rounded shape of the vault is favorable to the vertical flow of compressive stresses in the molded matrix 7 of the saddle 5.

Dans une réalisation préférée, la section transversale du conduit 10 s'évase vers l'extérieur de part et d'autre de la partie centrale. Cet évasement, visible sur la figure 3, permet de guider les déviations des brins qui résultent des variations de charge dans les câbles.In a preferred embodiment, the cross section of the duct 10 flares outwardly on either side of the central portion. This flare, visible on the figure 3 , used to guide the deviations of the strands resulting from load variations in the cables.

Sur le côté intérieur de la courbure du trajet T, l'évasement de la section transversale du conduit 10 peut suivre une ligne génératrice dont la forme est avantageusement circulaire avec un rayon R' inférieur au rayon de courbure R du trajet T dans la partie centrale du conduit 10. Le fait que le rayon R' soit constant permet de limiter les contraintes de flexion auxquelles les brins 4 sont soumis.On the inside of the curvature of the path T, the flaring of the cross section of the duct 10 can follow a generating line whose shape is advantageously circular with a radius R 'smaller than the radius of curvature R of the path T in the central portion The fact that the radius R 'is constant makes it possible to limit the bending stresses to which the strands 4 are subjected.

L'évasement de la section transversale du conduit 10 à ses deux extrémités peut résulter d'une homothétie de la forme représentée sur la figure 4. Une variante consiste à faire élargir progressivement vers l'extérieur la partie intérieure de la section du conduit pour la faire tendre vers le cercle de rayon r' sur la face extérieure de la selle 5. Une autre variante consiste à placer, de part et d'autre de la partie centrale de section constante du conduit 10, un évasement de section transversale circulaire, en forme de trompette, dont le plus petit diamètre est égal à r'. De cette manière, l'évasement peut être simplement réalisé par une pièce de guidage formée par usinage et placée à l'embouchure du conduit 10.The flaring of the cross section of the duct 10 at both ends may result from a homothety of the shape shown in FIG. figure 4 . One variant consists in progressively widening outwardly the inner part of the section of the duct so as to make it tend towards the circle of radius r 'on the external face of the saddle 5. Another variant consists in placing, on both sides, another of the central portion of constant section of the duct 10, a flare of circular cross section, trumpet-shaped, the smallest diameter is equal to r '. In this way, the flaring can simply be achieved by a guide piece formed by machining and placed at the mouth of the duct 10.

La partie centrale des conduits 10 peut être réalisée par moulage dans la matière 7, par exemple un mortier de remplissage, constituant la matrice de la selle 5. On dispose alors dans le tube cintré 6 des moules négatifs ayant la forme des conduits 10. Leurs positions et leurs espacements transversaux sont maintenus par des guides régulièrement espacés dans le tube 6. Le tube 6 est alors rempli d'un matériau durcissable tel qu'un mortier à haute résistance. Le décoffrage peut être effectué soit par destruction mécanique des moules, soit par dissolution, soit par rétrécissement. Cette réalisation de la selle par moulage peut être effectuée en usine. Sur le chantier, la selle ainsi réalisée est hissée sur le pylône et mise en place à la position prescrite. Une fois le pylône complété, les brins 4 du hauban sont hissés, enfilés dans la selle 5 puis ancrés sur le tablier 1.The central part of the ducts 10 may be made by molding in the material 7, for example a filling mortar, constituting the matrix of the saddle 5. The tube 6 is then provided with negative molds having the shape of the ducts 10. Positions and their transverse spacings are held by guides evenly spaced in the tube 6. The tube 6 is then filled with a hardenable material such as a high strength mortar. The formwork can be made either by mechanical destruction of the molds, or by dissolution or shrinkage. This embodiment of the saddle by molding can be performed in the factory. On site, the saddle thus produced is hoisted on the pylon and put in place at the prescribed position. Once the pylon is completed, the strands 4 of the stay are hoisted, slipped into the saddle 5 and then anchored on the deck 1.

Un avantage de la selle 5 décrite ci-dessus est qu'elle est compatible avec l'emploi de brins 4 constitués par des torons individuellement gainés. La section d'un tel brin 4 est montrée sur les figures 5 et 6, où la référence 16 désigne les fils métalliques torsadés du toron, et la référence 17 désigne la gaine en matière plastique qui entoure ces fils. Les fils 16 sont typiquement en acier galvanisé tandis que la gaine 17 est en polyéthylène à haute densité (PEHD). Un matériau de remplissage souple comble les interstices entre les fils métalliques 16 et ceux entre les fils 16 et la gaine 17.An advantage of the saddle 5 described above is that it is compatible with the use of strands 4 constituted by individually wrapped strands. The section of such a strand 4 is shown on the Figures 5 and 6 , where the reference 16 designates the twisted metal son of the strand, and the reference 17 designates the plastic sheath that surrounds these son. The wires 16 are typically made of galvanized steel while the sheath 17 is made of high density polyethylene (HDPE). A flexible filling material fills the interstices between the wires 16 and those between the wires 16 and the sheath 17.

Le toron gainé 4 représenté sur les figures 5 et 6 a une section extérieure circulaire. La zone de support 11 des conduits 10 est alors dimensionnée pour avoir le même rayon r que celui du toron gainé 4. Dans la pratique, il peut y avoir une légère différence de rayon entre la zone de support 11 et la section extérieure du brin 4, dans la mesure où le fluage de la matière plastique de la gaine 17 pressée contre la paroi du conduit reste acceptable. De même, il se peut que la section extérieure du brin 4 ne soit pas exactement circulaire mais, par exemple, hexagonale à coins arrondis par suite de l'extrusion de la gaine 17 sur le toron métallique. Dans ce cas, le "diamètre extérieur du brin" doit s'entendre comme étant le diamètre du plus petit cercle dans lequel s'inscrit la section transversale du brin. Cette définition du "diamètre extérieur du brin" vaut également dans le cas d'un toron métallique non gainé. Bien que non préféré, ce dernier cas peut s'inscrire dans le cadre de l'invention, les contacts entre le brin tendu et la zone de support 11 de son conduit étant alors suivant des lignes en spirale plutôt que ponctuels.The sheathed strand 4 shown on the Figures 5 and 6 has a circular outer section. The support zone 11 of the ducts 10 is then dimensioned to have the same radius r as that of the sheathed strand 4. In practice, there may be a slight difference in radius between the support zone 11 and the outer section of the strand 4 , to the extent that the creep of the plastic material of the sheath 17 pressed against the wall of the conduit remains acceptable. Similarly, it may be that the outer section of the strand 4 is not exactly circular but, for example, hexagonal rounded corners due to the extrusion of the sheath 17 on the metal strand. In this case, the "outer diameter of the strand" should be understood as the diameter of the smallest circle in which the cross-section of the strand is inscribed. This definition of "outer diameter of the strand" also applies in the case of a metallic strand unsheathed. Although not preferred, the latter case may fall within the scope of the invention, the contacts between the stretched strand and the support zone 11 of its conduit then being in spiral lines rather than punctual.

Les modes de réalisation mentionnés ci-dessus sont des illustrations de la présente invention. Diverses modifications peuvent leur être apportées sans sortir du cadre de l'invention qui ressort des revendications annexées. En particulier, le dispositif de déviation selon l'invention peut être mis en oeuvre pour dévier des câbles de structure autres que des haubans.The embodiments mentioned above are illustrations of the present invention. Various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention which emerges from the appended claims. In particular, the deflection device according to the invention can be used to deflect structural cables other than shrouds.

Claims (16)

  1. A device for deviating a structural cable (3) having a plurality of stretched tendons (4), the device comprising a body (7) traversed by conduits (10), wherein each conduit has a wall to guide one of the tendons along a curved path (T), the conduit wall having a support area (11) for supporting the tendon, located on an interior side of the curvature of the path, which support area presents, at least in a central portion of the conduit and transverse to the curved path, a cross-section in the shape of a circular arc, the central portion of the conduit having a widened cross-section outside the support area, characterized in that the section in the shape of a circular arc has a radius (r) substantially equal to half the external diameter of the tendon.
  2. The device of claim 1, wherein the circular arc shape of the cross-section of the support area (11) extends over an angular sector (α) of at least 60°, and preferably ranging between 90° and 120°.
  3. The device of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the central portion of the conduit (10) presents, outside the support area (11), a cross-section in the shape of an arch (12) having a diameter greater than the external diameter of the tendon (4).
  4. The device of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cross-section of the conduit (10) is sufficient to contain a circle (C) having a diameter at least 2 millimeters greater than the external diameter of the tendon (4).
  5. The device of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cross-section of the conduit (10) widens outwardly on at least one side of its central portion.
  6. The device of claim 5, wherein the outward widening of the cross-section of the conduit (10) follows, on the interior side of the curvature of the path (T), a substantially circular generatrix having a radius (R') less than the radius of curvature (R) of the path in the central portion of the conduit.
  7. The device of any of one the preceding claims, further comprising a curved tube (6) to receive the structural cable (3), the body (7) provided with conduits (10) being housed inside the curved tube.
  8. A construction work, comprising at least one structural cable (3) having a plurality of stretched tendons (4), anchors (8) for the tendons at the extremities of the cable, and at least one cable deviation device according to claim 1 between the anchors.
  9. The construction work according to claim 8, wherein the circular arc shape of the cross-section of the support area (11) extends over an angular sector (α) of at least 60°, and preferably ranging between 90° and 120°.
  10. The construction work of any one of claims 8 and 9, wherein the central portion of the conduit (10) presents, outside the support area (11), a cross-section in the shape of an arch (12) having a diameter greater than the external diameter of the tendon (4).
  11. The construction work of any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the cross-section of the conduit (10) is sufficient to contain a circle (C) having a diameter at least 2 millimeters greater than the external diameter of the tendon (4).
  12. The construction work of any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the cross-section of the conduit (10) widens outwardly on at least one side of its central portion.
  13. The construction work of claim 12, wherein the outward widening of the cross-section of the conduit (10) follows, on the interior side of the curvature of the path (T), a substantially circular generatrix having a radius (R') less than the radius of curvature (R) of the path in the central portion of the conduit.
  14. The construction work of any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein each of the tendons (4) has a metal strand (16) and a sheath (17) of plastic material around the strand, wherein the sheath is applied against the support area (11) of the wall of the conduit (10).
  15. The construction work of any one of claims 8 to 14, in the form of a cable-stayed bridge, wherein the deviation device (5) is installed on a tower (2) of the bridge and the anchors (8) are installed on a deck (1) of the bridge.
  16. The construction work of any one of claims 8 to 15, wherein the deviation device further comprises a curved tube (6) to receive the structural cable (3), the body (7) provided with conduits (10) being housed inside the curved tube.
EP11811045.1A 2010-12-08 2011-12-07 Device for diverting a structural cable, such as a guy line, and construction comprising same Active EP2649239B1 (en)

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PL11811045T PL2649239T3 (en) 2010-12-08 2011-12-07 Device for diverting a structural cable, such as a guy line, and construction comprising same

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR1060270A FR2968681B1 (en) 2010-12-08 2010-12-08 DEVICE FOR THE DEVIATION OF A STRUCTURED CABLE, SUCH AS A HAUBAN, AND A WORK THUS EQUIPPED
PCT/FR2011/052897 WO2012076815A2 (en) 2010-12-08 2011-12-07 Device for diverting a structural cable, such as a guy line, and construction comprising same

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EP2649239B1 true EP2649239B1 (en) 2017-02-08

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JP (1) JP6177134B2 (en)
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CA2820024C (en) 2018-12-11
RU2013131103A (en) 2015-01-20
MX2013006537A (en) 2013-08-01
WO2012076815A3 (en) 2012-08-09
CN103476993A (en) 2013-12-25
PT2649239T (en) 2017-05-19
JP2013544997A (en) 2013-12-19
US8959692B2 (en) 2015-02-24
HUE032808T2 (en) 2017-11-28
EP2649239A2 (en) 2013-10-16
CN103476993B (en) 2016-04-06
FR2968681A1 (en) 2012-06-15
CA2820024A1 (en) 2012-06-14
KR101928970B1 (en) 2018-12-13
JP6177134B2 (en) 2017-08-09
PL2649239T3 (en) 2017-08-31
DK2649239T3 (en) 2017-05-15
US20130255170A1 (en) 2013-10-03
ES2624267T3 (en) 2017-07-13
WO2012076815A2 (en) 2012-06-14
KR20130123415A (en) 2013-11-12
FR2968681B1 (en) 2015-05-29
HK1190764A1 (en) 2014-07-11
RU2594246C2 (en) 2016-08-10
MX357990B (en) 2018-07-31

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