EP1181422B1 - Device for anchoring a structural cable - Google Patents

Device for anchoring a structural cable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1181422B1
EP1181422B1 EP00936978A EP00936978A EP1181422B1 EP 1181422 B1 EP1181422 B1 EP 1181422B1 EP 00936978 A EP00936978 A EP 00936978A EP 00936978 A EP00936978 A EP 00936978A EP 1181422 B1 EP1181422 B1 EP 1181422B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
guide member
running part
guide
tube
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00936978A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1181422A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Philippe Fuzier
Jérôme Stubler
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Soletanche Freyssinet SA
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Freyssinet International STUP SA
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/14—Towers; Anchors ; Connection of cables to bridge parts; Saddle supports
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/16—Suspension cables; Cable clamps for suspension cables ; Pre- or post-stressed cables
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
    • E04C5/12—Anchoring devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
    • Y10T24/39—Cord and rope holders
    • Y10T24/3909—Plural-strand cord or rope

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the devices used to anchor structural cables used in the construction of engineering structures. She applies in particular to stays, prestressing cables and cables of suspension bridges.
  • the stay cables are cables generally intended to transmit tensile forces between two points of a structure where they are anchored. They are in theory straight if we neglect the external effects that tend to curving their trajectory.
  • the constitution of the anchors is generally such that only the effort traction is resumed satisfactorily.
  • Local bending moments caused by the angular deviations mentioned above which could request anchoring are filtered by means of a continuous or isolated guide at the exit anchorage and located at a suitable distance to be sufficiently effective.
  • the principle of anchoring is based on the individual each of the strands constituting the cable. This imposes a certain spacing transversal strands at the anchor block to have enough room to dispose of the individual jamming means which are generally jaws with frustoconical keys.
  • a diverter pulls the strands into one compact arrangement at a certain distance from the anchor, in order to minimize the overall cross section of the stay in the current part.
  • the guide that filters the bending moments is located at the level of the deflector which collects the strands in compact formation (see for example EP-A-0 323 285).
  • the relatively large distance between the guide and the anchor block (typically more than one meter) is necessary to limit deviations excessive angularity of each strand, which could damage it and would translate into additional bending moments at the block level anchor.
  • resume bending moments too close to the anchor would leave significant transversal efforts at the level of the block anchor.
  • GB-A-2 157 339 discloses a guy stay anchoring device in which a deflector is mounted in two parts in a tube secured to the block anchor.
  • the furthest part of the anchor block avoids the contact of outer strands with the tube, while the nearest part of the block Anchorage prevents friction of the strands between them when loads cyclic are applied to the stay. Bending moments, to which the document does not pay particular attention, are mainly level of the part of the deflector furthest from the anchor block.
  • the stay crosses downstream of the anchor a orifice which flares towards the running part, and which allows a angular deviation of the set of the shroud by taking up the bending forces along the length of the support zone of the stay in the hole (see for example GB-A-2,097,835).
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an anchoring system which limits the bending stresses of the cable in admissible values as soon as the exit of the anchorage. Another goal is to eventually allow provide a complementary external device to resume the efforts of bending due to variations in the trajectory of the cable.
  • the invention thus proposes a device for anchoring a cable of structure, comprising an anchor block traversed by orifices receiving each a strand of the cable and a locking means of said strand, a support piece for the anchor block, and means for guiding the strands between the block anchor and a running part of the cable, connected to the support piece and comprising for each strand of the cable an individual guide duct allowing angular deviation.
  • Each guide duct flares out direction of the current part of the cable.
  • the guide ducts present in direction of the anchor block a transversal distribution aligned with that of orifices of the anchor block.
  • the overall design of the anchor is greatly simplified by combining directly the guide means to the anchoring device.
  • the strands of the cable are guided individually, so that the inertia of the flexing element is significantly lower than the overall inertia of the cable. This results in filtering effective bending moments at the anchor block, even if the distance between the anchor block and the guide means is relatively low.
  • the individual guidance of the strands avoids the accumulation of transverse forces layers of strands on each other.
  • each guide duct flares in the direction of the current portion of the cable with a substantially constant radius of curvature in a plane passing through the axis of said duct
  • the guide means comprise at least one guide member housed in a tube connected to the workpiece support, through which are formed the guide ducts of the strands.
  • the guide member may be located just behind the anchor block, or be spaced a certain distance from the anchor block. In the latter case, may provide that the strands of the cable are individually protected strands in the current part, the individual protection of each strand being interrupted in a chamber between the guide member and the block anchoring, with sealing means placed between said chamber and the guiding member to form a tight separation between the chamber and the current part of the cable and contain a filling product and protection injected inside the chamber.
  • the device includes possibly a second guide member located between the anchor block and the sealing means.
  • the guide member may be of a rigid or deformable material. In the latter case, it is advantageous to leave a game, in the direction of part of the cable, between the circumference of the guide member and the tube in which it is housed, in order to allow an angular deflection of all the strands of the cable by deformation of the material of the guide.
  • the shape of this game is optimized to provide a curvature regular.
  • the game can result of a flare of the inside of the tube towards the part current of the cable, according to a substantially constant radius of curvature in a plane passing through the axis of the tube.
  • the play can result from a narrowing of the periphery of the organ in the direction of the running part of the cable, according to a radius of curvature substantially constant in a plane passing through the axis of the tube.
  • the game results in part from a narrowing of the periphery of the guide member towards the running part of the cable, and in part of a flare of the inner face of the tube towards the part current of the cable.
  • the deformable guide member has a viscosity, to provide damping of the cable when it oscillates.
  • This viscosity may be intrinsic to the deformable material of the organ, and / or result from a viscous substance contained in cavities in this organ.
  • the deformable guide member may comprise, between the ducts of guidance, decreasing inertia inserts towards the running part of the cable, which allows to control the curvature experienced by the cable through the organ.
  • the tube in which is housed the guide member deformable can have a decreasing inertia towards the part current of the cable.
  • An anchored stay using one of the devices described hereafter example is constituted by a bundle of strands 1 of which only one is drawn in the example considered here, the strands 1 are of the type individually protected: the assembly of stranded metal wires is embedded a product protecting against corrosion (for example a grease) and contained in an individual sheath 2 made of plastic (for example a high density polyethylene (HDPE)).
  • a product protecting against corrosion for example a grease
  • an individual sheath 2 made of plastic for example a high density polyethylene (HDPE)
  • the anchoring device comprises an anchor block 3 applied against a support piece 4 along a surface substantially perpendicular to the general direction of the stay.
  • the support piece 4 is applied, as opposed to the anchoring block 3 against the structural element to which the guy is subjected.
  • the anchoring block 3 is traversed by orifices 5 which have a frustoconical profile which flares towards the face of the block opposite to the support piece 4.
  • Each of the orifices 5 receives a strand 1 and a frustoconical jaw 6 which entrains the strand in the hole.
  • the individual protection of each strand in the current part is interrupted in a chamber 7 located behind the anchor block 3.
  • the jaws 6 directly grip the metal wires of the strands.
  • a filler eg a petroleum wax, a grease or a resin
  • the end of the chamber 7 opposite the block anchor 3 is closed by a sealing device 8 which seals around each sheathed strand 1 and at the inner face of the tube cylindrical 10 which delimits the chamber 7.
  • the sealing device 8 can in particular be of gland type, as described in the application EP-A-0 323 285.
  • a deviating member 11 brings together the strands 1 in formation more compact than in the anchoring, in order to minimize the overall cross section of the stay in the current area. he there is therefore a slight angular convergence of the strands 1 of the anchoring device towards the deflection device 11.
  • the anchoring device shown in FIG. guide 12 housed inside the aforementioned tube 10.
  • This tube 10 is connected to the support piece 4. It can for example be in one piece with this piece 4, as shown, or with parts 4 and 3, or attached to a clevis anchor.
  • the guide member 12 is constituted by a rigid cylindrical block (for example in HDPE) inserted substantially without play in the tube 10. Individual conduits 13 are formed in this block 12 to let pass and guide each of the strands 1.
  • the conduits 13 are circular with a diameter corresponding to that of the strands individually protected 1, and their transversal distribution is the same as that of the orifices 5 in the anchoring block 3.
  • each guide 13 In the direction of the current part of the stay, each guide 13, whose general shape is of revolution, flares out according to a profile which, in a plane passing through the axis of the duct, has a radius of curvature constant R.
  • This curvature allows the angular deviation of the strand towards the organ deviator 11, and further authorizes global flexion movements of the guy.
  • the bending moments are taken up by the guide member 12 on the length of the zone where the strand 1 is in contact with the wall of its conduit
  • the organ of guide 15, 17 is of a deformable material such as "Neoprene".
  • This material can advantageously have viscoelastic properties in order to participate in the damping of the vibrations of the cable, the viscosity providing a dissipation of vibratory energy.
  • the conduits 16 formed for the strands in the guide member of deformable material 15, 17 flare towards the running part of the stay according to a radius of curvature R 2 which may be greater than the radius R of the embodiment according to FIG. FIG. 1.
  • This radius R 2 is determined as a function of the angular deviation due to the convergence of the strands towards the deflection member 11.
  • this angular deflection can correspond to a tangent of the order of 2% , the radius R 2 and the axial length L of the guide member being then chosen so that the half-angle of the mouth of the conduit 16 to the current portion of the stay has a tangent slightly greater than 2%.
  • a game J is present between the inner face of the tube 10 and the periphery of the guide member 15, 17 in the direction of the running part of the stay, all along the circumference of the organ 15, 17. With this game J, the material of the organ 15, 17 can be deform globally by following the bending movements of the stay.
  • the clearance J is preferably defined by a curvature of constant radius R 1 (in a radial plane passing through the axis of the tube 10) at the interface between the periphery of the "Neoprene" guiding member and the inner face of the tube 10.
  • This radius R 1 is determined, along the length L, as a function of the extent of the flexions to which the stay can be subjected.
  • R 3 is defined by a combination of R 1 and R 2 , such that R 3 ⁇ R 1 and R 3 ⁇ R 2 .
  • This radius R 3 can be of the same order as the radius R of FIG.
  • the curvature of radius R 1 is formed on the internal face of revolution of the tube 10, which flares towards the current portion of the stay, the periphery of the guide member 15 being cylindrical.
  • the curvature of radius R 1 is defined on the periphery of revolution of the guide member of deformable material 17, which narrows towards the current portion of the stay, the inner face of the tube 10 being cylindrical.
  • the set J results from a combination of curvatures of the inner face of the tube 10 (Figure 2) and the periphery of the member of deformable material (Figure 3).
  • the guide means comprise two members of deformable material, one placed between the anchoring block 3 and the sealing device 8, and the other 22 placed beyond the sealing device 8.
  • Each guide duct receiving a strand then comprises a cylindrical portion 21, of diameter corresponding to that of the strand, formed in the member 20, and a portion 23 formed in the member 22 and which flares out towards the running part of the stay according to the radius of curvature R 2 .
  • the member 20 is housed in the cylindrical tube 10, which holds it in place on the side of the block 3. To the current part, the periphery of the member 20 tightens along the radius of curvature R 1 to resume the movements of bending.
  • the set J is created according to the same mode as in Figure 3, by curving inwards the periphery deformable organ.
  • the game J could be created, in wholly or in part, by an outward curvature (according to Figure 2) of the inner face of the tube 10 to the right of the member 20 adjacent to the anchor block.
  • the tube connected to the part support 4 comprises two successive portions 10a, 10b.
  • the portion 10a cylindrical, contains the sealing device.
  • Portion 10b mounted cantilevered, contains the deformable guide member 15 which may have a constitution similar to that of figure 2.
  • the inertia of this portion 10b decreases towards the current portion of the stay, which allows a flexion progressive cable and guide member.
  • the decreasing inertia is realized by decreasing the thickness of the wall of the tube portion 10b (on could also play on the properties of the material).
  • the progressive bending of the cable and the deformable guide member 25 results from the decreasing inertia, direction of the current portion of the stay, inserts 27 placed in the material deformable between the guide ducts 26.
  • inserts 27 are for example metal and tapered shape. They can be connected to a common support located on the side of the member 25 directed towards the anchor block.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Flexible Shafts (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)

Abstract

A device having an anchor block having orifices therethrough, each accommodating a tendon of the cable and a means of immobilizing the tendon. The device further includes a bearing piece for the anchor block, and means of guiding the tendons between the anchor block and a running part of the cable. The guide means are connected to the bearing piece and include an individual guide passage for each tendon of the cable, allowing angular deviation thereof. Each guide passages have, in the direction of the anchor block, a transverse layout aligned with that of the orifices in the anchor block.

Description

La présente invention conceme les dispositifs employés pour ancrer des câbles de structure utilisés dans la construction d'ouvrages d'art. Elle s'applique notamment aux haubans, aux câbles de précontrainte et aux câbles de ponts suspendus.The present invention relates to the devices used to anchor structural cables used in the construction of engineering structures. She applies in particular to stays, prestressing cables and cables of suspension bridges.

Les haubans sont des câbles généralement prévus pour transmettre des efforts de traction entre deux points d'une structure où ils sont ancrés. Ils sont donc en théorie rectilignes si on néglige les effets extérieurs qui tendent à incurver leur trajectoire.The stay cables are cables generally intended to transmit tensile forces between two points of a structure where they are anchored. They are in theory straight if we neglect the external effects that tend to curving their trajectory.

L'effet de chaínette dû au poids propre du hauban, l'effet du vent (pression transversale extérieure), les légers mouvements de rotation des éléments de construction supportant les ancrages du hauban, les effets des variations de température sont des facteurs entraínant des déviations angulaires aux extrémités des haubans, c'est-à-dire à la sortie des ancrages.The chain effect due to the weight of the shroud, the effect of the wind (external transverse pressure), the slight rotational movements of the structural elements supporting the anchorages of the stay, the effects of the variations of temperature are factors causing deviations angular at the ends of the stays, that is to say at the exit of the anchors.

Pour les autres câbles, des déviations importantes en sortie d'ancrage sont également possibles à cause du tracé qui leur est imposé ou des actions transversales qu'ils subissentFor other cables, significant deviations from the anchor outlet are also possible because of the route imposed on them or the actions transversal they undergo

La constitution des ancrages est en général telle qu'uniquement l'effort de traction est repris de façon satisfaisante. Les moments de flexion locale provoqués par les déviations angulaires mentionnées ci-dessus qui pourraient solliciter l'ancrage sont filtrés au moyen d'un guide continu ou isolé à la sortie de l'ancrage et situé à une distance adéquate pour être suffisamment efficace.The constitution of the anchors is generally such that only the effort traction is resumed satisfactorily. Local bending moments caused by the angular deviations mentioned above which could request anchoring are filtered by means of a continuous or isolated guide at the exit anchorage and located at a suitable distance to be sufficiently effective.

Le principe de l'ancrage est fondé sur le coincement individuel de chacun des brins constituant le câble. Ceci impose un certain espacement transversal des brins au niveau du bloc d'ancrage pour avoir assez de place pour disposer les moyens de coincement individuel qui sont généralement des mors à clavettes tronconiques.The principle of anchoring is based on the individual each of the strands constituting the cable. This imposes a certain spacing transversal strands at the anchor block to have enough room to dispose of the individual jamming means which are generally jaws with frustoconical keys.

Dans le cas des haubans, un déviateur rassemble les brins en une disposition compacte à une certaine distance de l'ancrage, afin de minimiser la section transversale globale du hauban dans la partie courante. En général, le guide qui filtre les moments de flexion est situé au niveau du déviateur qui rassemble les brins en formation compacte (voir par exemple EP-A-0 323 285). La distance relativement grande entre le guide et le bloc d'ancrage (typiquement plus d'un mètre) est nécessaire pour limiter les déviations angulaires excessives de chaque brin, qui risqueraient de l'endommager et se traduiraient par des moments de flexion supplémentaires au niveau du bloc d'ancrage. De plus, reprendre les moments de flexion trop près de l'ancrage laisserait subsister des efforts transversaux significatifs au niveau du bloc d'ancrage.In the case of guy wires, a diverter pulls the strands into one compact arrangement at a certain distance from the anchor, in order to minimize the overall cross section of the stay in the current part. In general, the guide that filters the bending moments is located at the level of the deflector which collects the strands in compact formation (see for example EP-A-0 323 285). The relatively large distance between the guide and the anchor block (typically more than one meter) is necessary to limit deviations excessive angularity of each strand, which could damage it and would translate into additional bending moments at the block level anchor. In addition, resume bending moments too close to the anchor would leave significant transversal efforts at the level of the block anchor.

GB-A-2 157 339 décrit un dispositif d'ancrage de hauban dans lequel un déviateur est monté en deux parties dans un tube solidaire du bloc d'ancrage. La partie la plus éloignée du bloc d'ancrage évite le contact des torons externes avec le tube, tandis que la partie la plus proche du bloc d'ancrage évite le frottement des torons entre eux lorsque des charges cycliques sont appliquées au hauban. Les moments de flexion, auxquels le document ne porte pas d'attention particulière, sont essentiellement repris au niveau de la partie du déviateur la plus éloignée du bloc d'ancrage.GB-A-2 157 339 discloses a guy stay anchoring device in which a deflector is mounted in two parts in a tube secured to the block anchor. The furthest part of the anchor block avoids the contact of outer strands with the tube, while the nearest part of the block Anchorage prevents friction of the strands between them when loads cyclic are applied to the stay. Bending moments, to which the document does not pay particular attention, are mainly level of the part of the deflector furthest from the anchor block.

Dans d'autres dispositions, le hauban traverse en aval de l'ancrage un orifice qui s'évase en direction de la partie courante, et qui autorise une déviation angulaire d'ensemble du hauban en reprenant les efforts de flexion sur la longueur de la zone d'appui du hauban dans l'orifice (voir par exemple GB-A-2 097 835).In other arrangements, the stay crosses downstream of the anchor a orifice which flares towards the running part, and which allows a angular deviation of the set of the shroud by taking up the bending forces along the length of the support zone of the stay in the hole (see for example GB-A-2,097,835).

Un but de la présente invention est de proposer un système d'ancrage qui limite les contraintes de flexion du câble dans des valeurs admissibles dès la sortie de l'ancrage. Un autre but est de permettre éventuellement de se dispenser d'un dispositif extérieur complémentaire pour reprendre les efforts de flexion dus aux variations de trajectoire du câble.An object of the present invention is to provide an anchoring system which limits the bending stresses of the cable in admissible values as soon as the exit of the anchorage. Another goal is to eventually allow provide a complementary external device to resume the efforts of bending due to variations in the trajectory of the cable.

L'invention propose ainsi un dispositif d'ancrage d'un câble de structure, comprenant un bloc d'ancrage traversé par des orifices recevant chacun un brin du câble et un moyen de blocage dudit brin, une pièce d'appui pour le bloc d'ancrage, et des moyens de guidage des brins entre le bloc d'ancrage et une partie courante du câble, reliés à la pièce d'appui et comportant pour chaque brin du câble un conduit de guidage individuel autorisant une déviation angulaire. Chaque conduit de guidage s'évase en direction de la partie courante du câble. Les conduits de guidage présentent en direction du bloc d'ancrage une répartition transversale alignée avec celle des orifices du bloc d'ancrage.The invention thus proposes a device for anchoring a cable of structure, comprising an anchor block traversed by orifices receiving each a strand of the cable and a locking means of said strand, a support piece for the anchor block, and means for guiding the strands between the block anchor and a running part of the cable, connected to the support piece and comprising for each strand of the cable an individual guide duct allowing angular deviation. Each guide duct flares out direction of the current part of the cable. The guide ducts present in direction of the anchor block a transversal distribution aligned with that of orifices of the anchor block.

On simplifie largement la conception globale de l'ancrage en associant directement les moyens de guidage au dispositif d'ancrage. Les brins du câble sont guidés individuellement, de sorte que l'inertie de l'élément fléchissant est sensiblement inférieure à l'inertie d'ensemble du câble. Il en résulte un filtrage efficace des moments de flexion au niveau du bloc d'ancrage, même si la distance entre le bloc d'ancrage et les moyens de guidage est relativement faible. Le guidage individuel des brins évite le cumul des efforts transversaux des couches de brins les unes sur les autres.The overall design of the anchor is greatly simplified by combining directly the guide means to the anchoring device. The strands of the cable are guided individually, so that the inertia of the flexing element is significantly lower than the overall inertia of the cable. This results in filtering effective bending moments at the anchor block, even if the distance between the anchor block and the guide means is relatively low. The individual guidance of the strands avoids the accumulation of transverse forces layers of strands on each other.

Avantageusement, chaque conduit de guidage s'évase en direction de la partie courante du câble selon un rayon de courbure sensiblement constant dans un plan passant par l'axe dudit conduitAdvantageously, each guide duct flares in the direction of the current portion of the cable with a substantially constant radius of curvature in a plane passing through the axis of said duct

Dans un agencement préféré du dispositif, les moyens de guidage comprennent au moins un organe de guidage logé dans un tube relié à la pièce d'appui, à travers lequel sont formés les conduits de guidage des brins.In a preferred arrangement of the device, the guide means comprise at least one guide member housed in a tube connected to the workpiece support, through which are formed the guide ducts of the strands.

L'organe de guidage peut être situé juste derrière le bloc d'ancrage, ou être espacé d'une certaine distance du bloc d'ancrage. Dans ce dernier cas, on peut prévoir que les brins du câble soient des torons individuellement protégés dans la partie courante, la protection individuelle de chaque brin étant interrompue dans une chambre située entre l'organe de guidage et le bloc d'ancrage, avec des moyens d'étanchéité placés entre ladite chambre et l'organe de guidage afin de former une séparation étanche entre la chambre et la partie courante du câble et de contenir un produit de remplissage et de protection injecté à l'intérieur de la chambre. Le dispositif comprend éventuellement un second organe de guidage situé entre le bloc d'ancrage et les moyens d'étanchéité.The guide member may be located just behind the anchor block, or be spaced a certain distance from the anchor block. In the latter case, may provide that the strands of the cable are individually protected strands in the current part, the individual protection of each strand being interrupted in a chamber between the guide member and the block anchoring, with sealing means placed between said chamber and the guiding member to form a tight separation between the chamber and the current part of the cable and contain a filling product and protection injected inside the chamber. The device includes possibly a second guide member located between the anchor block and the sealing means.

L'organe de guidage peut être en un matériau rigide ou déformable. Dans ce dernier cas, il est avantageux de laisser un jeu, en direction de la partie courante du câble, entre la circonférence de l'organe de guidage et le tube dans lequel il est logé, afin d'autoriser une déviation angulaire de l'ensemble des brins du câble par déformation du matériau de l'organe de guidage. La forme de ce jeu est optimisée de manière à procurer une courbure régulière. Lorsque l'organe de guidage a une périphérie cylindrique, le jeu peut résulter d'un évasement de la face intérieure du tube en direction de la partie courante du câble, selon un rayon de courbure sensiblement constant dans un plan passant par l'axe du tube. Lorsque le tube a une face intérieure cylindrique, le jeu peut résulter d'un rétrécissement de la périphérie de l'organe de guidage en direction de la partie courante du câble, selon un rayon de courbure sensiblement constant dans un plan passant par l'axe du tube. Une autre possibilité est que le jeu résulte en partie d'un rétrécissement de la périphérie de l'organe de guidage en direction de la partie courante du câble, et en partie d'un évasement de la face intérieure du tube en direction de la partie courante du câble.The guide member may be of a rigid or deformable material. In the latter case, it is advantageous to leave a game, in the direction of part of the cable, between the circumference of the guide member and the tube in which it is housed, in order to allow an angular deflection of all the strands of the cable by deformation of the material of the guide. The shape of this game is optimized to provide a curvature regular. When the guide member has a cylindrical periphery, the game can result of a flare of the inside of the tube towards the part current of the cable, according to a substantially constant radius of curvature in a plane passing through the axis of the tube. When the tube has an inner face cylindrical, the play can result from a narrowing of the periphery of the organ in the direction of the running part of the cable, according to a radius of curvature substantially constant in a plane passing through the axis of the tube. A Another possibility is that the game results in part from a narrowing of the periphery of the guide member towards the running part of the cable, and in part of a flare of the inner face of the tube towards the part current of the cable.

Avantageusement, l'organe de guidage déformable présente une viscosité, afin de procurer un amortissement du câble lorsque celui-ci oscille. Cette viscosité peut être intrinsèque au matériau déformable de l'organe, et/ou résulter d'une substance visqueuse contenue dans des cavités ménagées dans cet organe.Advantageously, the deformable guide member has a viscosity, to provide damping of the cable when it oscillates. This viscosity may be intrinsic to the deformable material of the organ, and / or result from a viscous substance contained in cavities in this organ.

L'organe de guidage déformable peut comporter, entre les conduits de guidage, des inserts d'inertie décroissante en direction de la partie courante du câble, ce qui permet de contrôler la courbure subie par le câble à travers l'organe. En variante, le tube dans lequel est logé l'organe de guidage déformable peut présenter une inertie décroissante en direction de la partie courante du câble.The deformable guide member may comprise, between the ducts of guidance, decreasing inertia inserts towards the running part of the cable, which allows to control the curvature experienced by the cable through the organ. Alternatively, the tube in which is housed the guide member deformable can have a decreasing inertia towards the part current of the cable.

D'autres particularités et avantages de la présente invention apparaítront dans la description ci-après d'exemples de réalisation non limitatifs, en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • les figures 1 à 4 sont des vues schématiques en coupe longitudinale de dispositifs d'ancrage réalisés conformément à l'invention ; et
  • la figure 5 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une forme de réalisation d'un organe de guidage.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear in the following description of nonlimiting exemplary embodiments, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figures 1 to 4 are schematic views in longitudinal section of anchoring devices made according to the invention; and
  • Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of a guide member.

L'invention est décrite ci-après dans son application aux haubans, sans que ceci soit limitatif.The invention is described below in its application to shrouds, without that this is limiting.

Le hauban ancré au moyen d'un des dispositifs décrits ci-après à titre d'exemple est constitué par un faisceau de torons 1 dont un seul est dessiné sur la figure 1. Dans l'exemple considéré ici, les torons 1 sont de type individuellement protégé : l'assemblage de fils métalliques toronnés est enrobé d'un produit protégeant contre la corrosion (par exemple une graisse) et contenu dans une gaine individuelle 2 en matière plastique (par exemple un polyéthylène à haute densité (PEHD)).An anchored stay using one of the devices described hereafter example is constituted by a bundle of strands 1 of which only one is drawn in the example considered here, the strands 1 are of the type individually protected: the assembly of stranded metal wires is embedded a product protecting against corrosion (for example a grease) and contained in an individual sheath 2 made of plastic (for example a high density polyethylene (HDPE)).

Le dispositif d'ancrage comprend un bloc d'ancrage 3 appliqué contre une pièce d'appui 4 suivant une surface sensiblement perpendiculaire à la direction générale du hauban. La pièce d'appui 4 est appliquée, à l'opposé du bloc d'ancrage 3 contre l'élément de structure auquel est assujetti le hauban.The anchoring device comprises an anchor block 3 applied against a support piece 4 along a surface substantially perpendicular to the general direction of the stay. The support piece 4 is applied, as opposed to the anchoring block 3 against the structural element to which the guy is subjected.

Le bloc d'ancrage 3 est traversé par des orifices 5 qui présentent un profil tronconique qui s'évase vers la face du bloc opposée à la pièce d'appui 4. Chacun des orifices 5 reçoit un toron 1 ainsi qu'un mors tronconique 6 qui réalise le coincement du toron dans l'orifice.The anchoring block 3 is traversed by orifices 5 which have a frustoconical profile which flares towards the face of the block opposite to the support piece 4. Each of the orifices 5 receives a strand 1 and a frustoconical jaw 6 which entrains the strand in the hole.

Pour réaliser un ancrage fiable du toron individuellement protégé, la protection individuelle de chaque toron dans la partie courante est interrompue dans une chambre 7 située en arrière du bloc d'ancrage 3. Ainsi, les mors 6 agrippent directement les fils métalliques des torons. Pour protéger contre la corrosion le métal des torons dans la chambre 7 et dans le bloc d'ancrage 3, un produit de remplissage (par exemple une cire pétrolière, une graisse ou une résine) est injecté dans la chambre 7 et dans les interstices laissés libres entre les torons et le bloc 3. Pour éviter que ce produit de remplissage se propage vers la partie courante du hauban, l'extrémité de la chambre 7 opposée au bloc d'ancrage 3 est fermée par un dispositif d'étanchéité 8 qui réalise l'étanchéité autour de chaque toron gainé 1 et au niveau de la face interne du tube cylindrique 10 qui délimite la chambre 7. Le dispositif d'étanchéité 8 peut notamment être de type presse-étoupe, comme décrit dans la demande EP-A-0 323 285.To achieve reliable anchoring of the individually protected strand, the individual protection of each strand in the current part is interrupted in a chamber 7 located behind the anchor block 3. Thus, the jaws 6 directly grip the metal wires of the strands. To protect against corrosion the metal of the strands in the chamber 7 and in the anchor block 3, a filler (eg a petroleum wax, a grease or a resin) is injected into the chamber 7 and into the interstices left free between strands and block 3. To prevent this filler from spreading towards the running part of the stay, the end of the chamber 7 opposite the block anchor 3 is closed by a sealing device 8 which seals around each sheathed strand 1 and at the inner face of the tube cylindrical 10 which delimits the chamber 7. The sealing device 8 can in particular be of gland type, as described in the application EP-A-0 323 285.

A une certaine distance du dispositif d'ancrage, un organe déviateur 11 rassemble les torons 1 en formation plus compacte que dans l'ancrage, afin de minimiser la section transversale globale du hauban dans la partie courante. Il y a donc une légère convergence angulaire des torons 1 du dispositif d'ancrage vers l'organe déviateur 11.At a certain distance from the anchoring device, a deviating member 11 brings together the strands 1 in formation more compact than in the anchoring, in order to minimize the overall cross section of the stay in the current area. he there is therefore a slight angular convergence of the strands 1 of the anchoring device towards the deflection device 11.

Le dispositif d'ancrage représenté sur la figure 1 comporte un organe de guidage 12 logé à l'intérieur du tube 10 précité. Ce tube 10 est relié à la pièce d'appui 4. Il peut par exemple être d'un seul tenant avec cette pièce 4, comme représenté, ou avec les pièces 4 et 3, ou encore fixé à une chape d'ancrage.The anchoring device shown in FIG. guide 12 housed inside the aforementioned tube 10. This tube 10 is connected to the support piece 4. It can for example be in one piece with this piece 4, as shown, or with parts 4 and 3, or attached to a clevis anchor.

Dans l'exemple de la figure 1, l'organe de guidage 12 est constitué par un bloc cylindrique rigide (par exemple en PEHD) inséré sensiblement sans jeu dans le tube 10. Des conduits individuels 13 sont formés dans ce bloc 12 pour laisser passer et guider chacun des torons 1.In the example of FIG. 1, the guide member 12 is constituted by a rigid cylindrical block (for example in HDPE) inserted substantially without play in the tube 10. Individual conduits 13 are formed in this block 12 to let pass and guide each of the strands 1.

Du côté dirigé vers le bloc d'ancrage 3 (ce côté est situé juste derrière la face arrière du dispositif d'étanchéité 8 dans l'exemple représenté), les conduits 13 sont circulaires avec un diamètre correspondant à celui des torons individuellement protégés 1, et leur répartition transversale est la même que celle des orifices 5 dans le bloc d'ancrage 3.On the side facing the anchor block 3 (this side is located just behind the rear face of the sealing device 8 in the example shown), the conduits 13 are circular with a diameter corresponding to that of the strands individually protected 1, and their transversal distribution is the same as that of the orifices 5 in the anchoring block 3.

En direction de la partie courante du hauban, chaque conduit de guidage 13, dont la forme générale est de révolution, s'évase suivant un profil qui, dans un plan passant par l'axe du conduit, présente un rayon de courbure constant R. Cette courbure permet la déviation angulaire du toron vers l'organe déviateur 11, et autorise en outre des mouvements de flexion globale du hauban. Les moments de flexion sont repris par l'organe de guidage 12 sur la longueur de la zone où le toron 1 est en contact avec la paroi de son conduitIn the direction of the current part of the stay, each guide 13, whose general shape is of revolution, flares out according to a profile which, in a plane passing through the axis of the duct, has a radius of curvature constant R. This curvature allows the angular deviation of the strand towards the organ deviator 11, and further authorizes global flexion movements of the guy. The bending moments are taken up by the guide member 12 on the length of the zone where the strand 1 is in contact with the wall of its conduit

Dans les dispositifs représentés sur les figures 2 et 3, l'organe de guidage 15, 17 est en un matériau déformable tel que du « Néoprène ». Ce matériau peut avantageusement avoir des propriétés visco-élastiques afin de participer à l'amortissement des vibrations du câble, la viscosité procurant une dissipation de l'énergie vibratoire.In the devices shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the organ of guide 15, 17 is of a deformable material such as "Neoprene". This material can advantageously have viscoelastic properties in order to participate in the damping of the vibrations of the cable, the viscosity providing a dissipation of vibratory energy.

Les conduits 16 ménagés pour les torons dans l'organe de guidage en matériau déformable 15, 17 s'évasent vers la partie courante du hauban suivant un rayon de courbure R2 qui peut être plus grand que le rayon R de la forme de réalisation selon la figure 1. Ce rayon R2 est déterminé en fonction de la déviation angulaire due à la convergence des torons vers l'organe déviateur 11. A titre d'illustration, cette déviation angulaire peut correspondre à une tangente de l'ordre de 2%, le rayon R2 et la longueur axiale L de l'organe de guidage étant alors choisis pour que le demi-angle d'embouchure du conduit 16 vers la partie courante du hauban ait une tangente légèrement supérieure à 2%.The conduits 16 formed for the strands in the guide member of deformable material 15, 17 flare towards the running part of the stay according to a radius of curvature R 2 which may be greater than the radius R of the embodiment according to FIG. FIG. 1. This radius R 2 is determined as a function of the angular deviation due to the convergence of the strands towards the deflection member 11. By way of illustration, this angular deflection can correspond to a tangent of the order of 2% , the radius R 2 and the axial length L of the guide member being then chosen so that the half-angle of the mouth of the conduit 16 to the current portion of the stay has a tangent slightly greater than 2%.

Pour tolérer les déviations angulaires dues aux mouvements de flexion du hauban et reprendre les moments correspondants, un jeu J est présent entre la face interne du tube 10 et la périphérie de l'organe de guidage 15, 17 en direction de la partie courante du hauban, et ce sur toute la circonférence de l'organe 15, 17. Grâce à ce jeu J, la matière de l'organe 15, 17 peut se déformer globalement en suivant les mouvements de flexion du hauban.To tolerate angular deviations due to bending movements the guy and resume the corresponding moments, a game J is present between the inner face of the tube 10 and the periphery of the guide member 15, 17 in the direction of the running part of the stay, all along the circumference of the organ 15, 17. With this game J, the material of the organ 15, 17 can be deform globally by following the bending movements of the stay.

Le jeu J est de préférence défini par une courbure de rayon constant R1 (dans un plan radial passant par l'axe du tube 10) au niveau de l'interface entre la périphérie de l'organe de guidage en « Néoprène » et la face interne du tube 10. Ce rayon R1 est déterminé, avec la longueur L, en fonction de l'ampleur des flexions auxquelles le hauban peut être soumis. Lorsque le hauban est dévié et que ses brins sont regroupés, ces brins ont un rayon de courbure maximal R3 défini par une combinaison de R1 et R2, telle que R3 < R1 et R3 < R2. Ce rayon R3 peut être du même ordre que le rayon R de la figure 1. The clearance J is preferably defined by a curvature of constant radius R 1 (in a radial plane passing through the axis of the tube 10) at the interface between the periphery of the "Neoprene" guiding member and the inner face of the tube 10. This radius R 1 is determined, along the length L, as a function of the extent of the flexions to which the stay can be subjected. When the stay is deflected and its strands are grouped, these strands have a maximum radius of curvature R 3 defined by a combination of R 1 and R 2 , such that R 3 <R 1 and R 3 <R 2 . This radius R 3 can be of the same order as the radius R of FIG.

Dans l'exemple de la figure 2, la courbure de rayon R1 est formée sur la face interne de révolution du tube 10, qui s'évase en direction de la partie courante du hauban, la périphérie de l'organe de guidage 15 étant cylindrique. Dans la réalisation représentée sur la figure 3, la courbure de rayon R1 est définie sur la périphérie de révolution de l'organe de guidage en matériau déformable 17, qui se rétrécit en direction de la partie courante du hauban, la face interne du tube 10 étant cylindrique.In the example of FIG. 2, the curvature of radius R 1 is formed on the internal face of revolution of the tube 10, which flares towards the current portion of the stay, the periphery of the guide member 15 being cylindrical. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the curvature of radius R 1 is defined on the periphery of revolution of the guide member of deformable material 17, which narrows towards the current portion of the stay, the inner face of the tube 10 being cylindrical.

Dans une autre variante, non représentée, le jeu J résulte d'une combinaison de courbures de la face interne du tube 10 (figure 2) et de la périphérie de l'organe en matériau déformable (figure 3).In another variant, not shown, the set J results from a combination of curvatures of the inner face of the tube 10 (Figure 2) and the periphery of the member of deformable material (Figure 3).

Dans l'exemple de la figure 4, les moyens de guidage comportent deux organes en matériau déformable, l'un 20 placé entre le bloc d'ancrage 3 et le dispositif d'étanchéité 8, et l'autre 22 placé au-delà du dispositif d'étanchéité 8. Chaque conduit de guidage recevant un toron comporte alors une portion cylindrique 21, de diamètre correspondant à celui du toron, formée dans l'organe 20, et une portion 23 formée dans l'organe 22 et qui s'évase vers la partie courante du hauban selon le rayon de courbure R2.In the example of FIG. 4, the guide means comprise two members of deformable material, one placed between the anchoring block 3 and the sealing device 8, and the other 22 placed beyond the sealing device 8. Each guide duct receiving a strand then comprises a cylindrical portion 21, of diameter corresponding to that of the strand, formed in the member 20, and a portion 23 formed in the member 22 and which flares out towards the running part of the stay according to the radius of curvature R 2 .

L'organe 20 est logé dans le tube cylindrique 10, qui le maintient en place du côté du bloc 3. Vers la partie courante, la périphérie de l'organe 20 se resserre selon le rayon de courbure R1 afin de reprendre les mouvements de flexion. L'organe 22, qui peut être fixé au dispositif d'étanchéité 8, comporte les portions de conduit 23 qui s'évasent selon le rayon de courbure R2 vers la partie courante pour laisser converger les torons vers l'organe déviateur 11.The member 20 is housed in the cylindrical tube 10, which holds it in place on the side of the block 3. To the current part, the periphery of the member 20 tightens along the radius of curvature R 1 to resume the movements of bending. The member 22, which can be fixed to the sealing device 8, comprises the duct portions 23 which widen along the radius of curvature R 2 towards the current portion to allow the strands to converge towards the deflector member 11.

Dans l'exemple représenté sur la figure 4, le jeu J est créé selon le même mode que dans la figure 3, par courbure vers l'intérieur de la périphérie de l'organe déformable. Dans une variante, le jeu J pourrait être créé, en totalité ou en partie, par une courbure vers l'extérieur (selon la figure 2) de la face intérieure du tube 10 au droit de l'organe 20 adjacent au bloc d'ancrage.In the example shown in FIG. 4, the set J is created according to the same mode as in Figure 3, by curving inwards the periphery deformable organ. In a variant, the game J could be created, in wholly or in part, by an outward curvature (according to Figure 2) of the inner face of the tube 10 to the right of the member 20 adjacent to the anchor block.

Dans la réalisation illustrée par la figure 5, le tube relié à la pièce d'appui 4 comporte deux portions successives 10a, 10b. La portion 10a, cylindrique, contient le dispositif d'étanchéité. La portion 10b, montée en porte-à-faux, contient l'organe de guidage déformable 15 qui peut avoir une constitution semblable à celle de la figure 2. L'inertie de cette portion 10b décroít en direction de la partie courante du hauban, ce qui permet une flexion progressive du câble et de l'organe de guidage. L'inertie décroissante est réalisée en diminuant l'épaisseur de la paroi de la portion de tube 10b (on pourrait aussi jouer sur les propriétés du matériau).In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, the tube connected to the part support 4 comprises two successive portions 10a, 10b. The portion 10a, cylindrical, contains the sealing device. Portion 10b, mounted cantilevered, contains the deformable guide member 15 which may have a constitution similar to that of figure 2. The inertia of this portion 10b decreases towards the current portion of the stay, which allows a flexion progressive cable and guide member. The decreasing inertia is realized by decreasing the thickness of the wall of the tube portion 10b (on could also play on the properties of the material).

Dans la variante de la figure 6, la flexion progressive du câble et de l'organe de guidage déformable 25 résulte de l'inertie décroissante, en direction de la partie courante du hauban, d'inserts 27 placés dans la matière déformable entre les conduits de guidage 26. Ces inserts 27 sont par exemple métalliques et de forme effilée. Ils peuvent être reliés à un support commun situé sur le côté de l'organe 25 dirigé vers le bloc d'ancrage.In the variant of FIG. 6, the progressive bending of the cable and the deformable guide member 25 results from the decreasing inertia, direction of the current portion of the stay, inserts 27 placed in the material deformable between the guide ducts 26. These inserts 27 are for example metal and tapered shape. They can be connected to a common support located on the side of the member 25 directed towards the anchor block.

Claims (14)

  1. A device for anchoring a structural cable, comprising an anchor block (3) having orifices (5) therethrough, each accommodating a tendon (1) of the cable and a means (6) of immobilizing said tendon, a bearing piece (4) for the anchor block, and means (12; 15; 17; 20, 22; 25) of guiding the tendons between the anchor block and a running part of the cable, wherein the guide means are connected to the bearing piece and comprise an individual guide passage (13; 16; 21, 23; 26) for each tendon of the cable, characterized in that each guide passage widens toward the running part of the cable so as to allow angular deflection of the tendon accommodated in said passage, and in that the guide passages have, in the direction of the anchor block, a transverse layout aligned with that of the orifices in the anchor block.
  2. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein each guide passage (13; 16; 23; 26) widens toward the running part of the cable with a radius of curvature (R; R2) that is substantially constant in a plane passing through the axis of said passage.
  3. The device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the guide means comprise at least one guide member (12; 15; 17; 20, 22; 25) housed in a tube (10; 10a, 10b) connected to the bearing piece (4), through which the tendon-guiding passages (13; 16; 21, 23; 26) are formed.
  4. The device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the guide member (12; 15; 17; 22) is spaced away from the anchor block (3).
  5. The device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the tendons (1) of the cable are strands individually protected in the running part, wherein the individual protection (2) of each tendon is interrupted in a chamber (7) lying between the guide member (12; 15; 17; 22) and the anchor block (3), wherein sealing means (8) are placed between said chamber and the guide member so as to form a sealed separation between the chamber and the running part of the cable, and wherein a filler product is injected into the chamber.
  6. The device as claimed in claim 5, comprising a second guide member (20) lying between the anchor block (3) and the sealing means (8).
  7. The device as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the guide member (15; 17; 20, 22; 25) is made of a deformable material.
  8. The device as claimed in claim 7, wherein, in the direction of the running part of the cable, a clearance (J) is left between the circumference of the guide member (15; 17; 20, 22) and the tube (10) in which it is housed, so as to allow the collection of tendons of the cable an angular deflection by deformation of the material of the guide member.
  9. The device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the guide member (15) has a cylindrical periphery and the clearance (J) results from a widening of the inner face of the tube (10) toward the running part of the cable, with a radius of curvature (R1) that is substantially constant in a plane passing through the axis of the tube.
  10. The device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the tube (10) has a cylindrical inner face, and the clearance (J) results from a narrowing of the periphery of the guide member (17) toward the running part of the cable, with a radius of curvature (R1) that is substantially constant in a plane passing through the axis of the tube.
  11. The device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the clearance (J) results partly from a narrowing of the periphery of the guide member toward the running part of the cable and partly from a widening of the inner face of the tube toward the running part of the cable.
  12. The device as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 11, wherein the guide member (15; 17; 20, 22; 25) has a viscosity.
  13. The device as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 12, wherein the guide member (25) comprises, between the guide passages (26), inserts (27) of an inertia that decreases toward the running part of the cable.
  14. The device as claimed in any of claims 6 to 13, wherein the tube (10b) in which the guide member (15) is housed has an inertia that decreases toward the running part of the cable.
EP00936978A 1999-06-03 2000-05-30 Device for anchoring a structural cable Expired - Lifetime EP1181422B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9907016 1999-06-03
FR9907016A FR2794484B1 (en) 1999-06-03 1999-06-03 DEVICE FOR ANCHORING A STRUCTURAL CABLE
PCT/FR2000/001479 WO2000075453A1 (en) 1999-06-03 2000-05-30 Device for anchoring a structural cable

Publications (2)

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EP1181422A1 EP1181422A1 (en) 2002-02-27
EP1181422B1 true EP1181422B1 (en) 2003-04-02

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US (1) US6748708B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1181422B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3884289B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE236314T1 (en)
AU (1) AU771495B2 (en)
DE (1) DE60001936T2 (en)
DK (1) DK1181422T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2194738T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2794484B1 (en)
HK (1) HK1044580A1 (en)
MX (1) MXPA01012440A (en)
PT (1) PT1181422E (en)
WO (1) WO2000075453A1 (en)

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CN111119055A (en) * 2019-09-12 2020-05-08 中电建路桥集团有限公司 A fastener formula seals anchor device fast for post-tensioned prestressing force

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US6748708B1 (en) 2004-06-15
HK1044580A1 (en) 2002-10-25
JP2003501571A (en) 2003-01-14
JP3884289B2 (en) 2007-02-21
AU5228300A (en) 2000-12-28
DE60001936D1 (en) 2003-05-08
MXPA01012440A (en) 2003-10-14
PT1181422E (en) 2003-08-29
DE60001936T2 (en) 2004-02-12
ATE236314T1 (en) 2003-04-15
WO2000075453A1 (en) 2000-12-14
FR2794484A1 (en) 2000-12-08
FR2794484B1 (en) 2001-08-03
AU771495B2 (en) 2004-03-25
ES2194738T3 (en) 2003-12-01
EP1181422A1 (en) 2002-02-27
DK1181422T3 (en) 2003-07-28

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