EP2642031B1 - Method of producing a protection assembly for protecting against tremors in the ground and device for same - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a shielding arrangement in the ground for shielding vibrations and to a corresponding device for producing such a shielding arrangement in the ground.

From rail and road vehicles, which are guided above ground or underground, there are vibrations or vibrations that propagate through the ground. In order to mitigate such vibrations and the resulting influence on structures located in the vibration area, various measures have already been proposed.

From the JP 2009 024365 A is a method for producing shielding elements for shielding vibrations, such as may emanate from railroad tracks near buildings known. For this purpose, cylinder body coated with geotextile are introduced into the soil. According to a proposed procedure, the cavity formed by the cylinder body is filled when pulled with an insulating material.

From the SE 457 546 B a method and apparatus for vibration isolation in the ground is known. For this purpose, a protective shield made of elastic material is protected by a hollow steel pile introduced into the ground. After lowering, the hollow steel pile is pulled up while being temporarily loaded by a steel thrust piece smaller than the inside dimension of the pile, leaving the body in its recessed position.

From the JP 54-160005 is a method for introducing sheet piles for vibration absorption in the soil known. For this purpose, a sheet pile screed, at the lower end of a tip is attached, introduced by means of a bottom and side open applicator, which is supported on the top, in the ground.

Out JP-2008-196251 Furthermore, a method for producing a shielding arrangement for shielding vibrations in the ground is known.

From the DE 195 04 363 C2 is a wall construction for the protection of buildings from shocks known to be transmitted through the soil. The wall construction comprises a louver arranged in the ground and limited to the ground from opposite walls louver, which is arranged between the vibration source and the building. The base of the louver is shut off from penetrating groundwater or soil. The louver is bounded by two sheet piling.

In the article " Shock Shielding in the Ground "by Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wolfgang Haupt, reprinted in VDI reports No. 2063, 2009, pages 299 to 311 Further known solutions for shielding vibrations are described. Thereafter, as a practically tested method for producing a quasi-open vertical slot, the introduction of a gas mat into a bottom slot supported by concrete juice suspension is described. The gas mat consists of horizontal, tubular cells made of plastic / aluminum laminate, which are arranged one above the other, partly overlapping. The tubular cells are filled with gas, the pressure of which is adapted to the pressure state in the soil. As another possibility, the use of shielding bodies in the form of concrete bodies is described. The shielding bodies are introduced at or near the surface. Another option for shielding vibrations is the use of borehole and pile rows.

From the JP S63 44006 A discloses the introduction of box-shaped units in sandy soil for securing dikes and preventing sand liquefaction in earthquakes. The box-shaped units are closed at the lower end and have small holes in the side walls for the passage of Water. After being placed in the ground, the box-shaped units are filled with gravel so that water can flow up through the holes in the side walls into the interior of the units.

From the JP 3 660634 B2 is the production of a well known. For this purpose, a ring is introduced into the ground and excavated the upcoming within the ring soil using an excavator.

From the CN 2 432 251 Y a device for introducing a massive pile in the ground with a hydraulic hammer is known.

Especially with no or only little stable soil, such. As sands or gravels, the production and keeping open a bottom slot is associated with considerable effort. For this purpose, for example, a lateral support with a temporary Verbauwand or with support fluid is required. The use of support fluid carries the risk of failure of the open slot, which can lead to ground deformations and damage to nearby track or traffic facilities. The production of a temporary Verbauwand, however, is very equipment and labor intensive and thus relatively expensive.

On this basis, the present invention seeks to propose a method for producing Abschirmanordnungen in the ground, which can be carried out easily, safely and quickly. A further object is to propose a device for introducing shielding in soil, which allows a simple, safe and fast installation, in particular without costly production and keeping open a slot.

The solution consists in a method according to claim 1.

The advantage is that the Absenkkörper can be introduced by displacement in the ground. Accordingly, no separate or prior production of a bottom slot is required, so that the proposed method is time and cost efficient. The shielding can be introduced before or after lowering the Absenkkörpers in this. When re-pulling the Absenkkörpers the shielding down out of this, in the displaced cavity, which has created the Absenkkörper when introduced into the ground. Throughout the process, the side walls of the Absenkkörpers form a secure support for surrounding soil, so that this method is particularly well suited for loose soils. The Absenkkörper forms at least one inner chamber, in which the shielding can be received or passed therethrough. Another advantage is that in the implementation of the method according to the invention, due to the displacement of the Absonckörpers, no cuttings to be disposed of, such as soil, or no to be disposed return material, such as detergent, obtained. This leads to less technical effort in the production of a shielding in the ground and thus reduced costs.

The shielding means may have several configurations. According to a first possibility, the shielding means may comprise one or more prefabricated shielding element (s). These shielding elements are designed in particular as rigid elements, which are prefabricated before insertion into the frame. The shape of the Absenkkörpers adapted to the shape of the shielding. Preferably, the shielding elements comprise a carrier material which, for example, a or a plurality of steel mats, as well as an insulating material, which may be designed, for example in the form of insulation boards, such as polystyrene panels, which are firmly connected to the carrier material. It is understood that the prefabricated shielding elements can also be designed as self-supporting elements, for example made of plastic, which include both carrying and insulating function. As pre-fabricated shielding also gas mats with protective geotextile jacket are suitable.

According to another possibility, the shielding means may be a hardenable injection material which is injected during the pulling of the Absenkkörpers in the Erdschlitz formed thereby. In this case, the Absenkkörper preferably has a plurality of injection tubes through which the liquid or foam-like shielding agent can be injected when pulling the Absenkkörpers. As the hardenable injection material, for example, plastic foams such as polyurethane foams or resins can be used. It is also conceivable to use pourable material as a shielding agent, for example a granulate which may comprise plastic and / or another vibration-damping pourable material.

The Absenkkörper can be designed in this embodiment with injectable or pourable shielding in the form of a screed. The nozzle openings of the injection tubes are preferably located on the lower edge of the Absenkkörpers or the screed.

With regard to the process management, several possibilities are also conceivable. After a first procedure, the shielding element can be introduced together with the Absenkkörper, in it inserted state, in the ground. According to an alternative second procedure, the or the shielding is used only in the Absenkkörper after the latter has been introduced into the ground.

The first procedure is particularly suitable for robust shielding elements, such as styrofoam slabs. It can after a first Design at the lower end of the shielding a displacement tip are attached, which displaces the soil during insertion. The connection of the displacement tip with the shielding can be done for example by means of sunk bolts or welding. The Absenkkörper is placed on the provided with displacement tip shield, which is provided in particular that the displacement tip has a force introduction portion which protrudes laterally beyond the shielding and on which the Absenkkörper can support vertically in the attached state. This ensures that forces acting on the lowering body can be transmitted into the displacement tip via the surface pairing formed between the lowering body and the supporting section.

Alternatively to the attachment to the shielding element, according to a second embodiment, the displacement tip can also be attached to a lower end of the lowering body. In this case, the displacement tip is supported on the Absenkkörper, so that introduced into the Absenkkörper forces are transmitted to the displacement tip. This embodiment is suitable both for the first, as well as for the second method mentioned above. After both embodiments with displacement tip this remains after pulling the Absenkkörpers together with the shielding in the ground. In this case, the displacement tip can be designed for a favorable development so that it serves as a buoyancy protection for possibly pending groundwater. In this way it is prevented that the overlying shielding element can float due to rising groundwater.

According to an alternative embodiment, the Absenkkörper, instead of a lost displacement tip, have at its lower end a flap mechanism. For this purpose, one or more flaps may be provided which can release or close the opening of the Absenkkörpers. The at least one flap is initially closed when the Absenkkörper is introduced by means of the loading device under displacement in the ground until the desired depth is reached. The at least one shielding element can after the first or second Procedure be used before or after lowering the frame body in this. Subsequently, the frame body is pulled up again, the flap opens at the lower end due to its own weight. Upon further pulling of the frame body, the shielding member emerges downwardly therefrom and remains in the ground.

Regardless of whether the shielding are used before or after lowering the Absenkkörpers in this, the clear width of the Absenkkörpers is chosen so that between the inner wall and the shield enough clearance is available to pull the Absenkkörper after insertion can without Entrain or damage shielding. In this case, the clear width and the material thickness of the Absenkkörpers be chosen so that only slight horizontal ground tensions and resulting ground movements occur by the resulting during pulling remaining annular gap in the ground.

The solution of the above object is further in a device according to claim 8.

The device is particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention. This results in the abovementioned advantages, to which reference is hereby made. In particular, it should be emphasized that the frame body is introduced by displacement in the ground. It is therefore no separate or prior making a bottom slot required, which saves time and money.

At the same time, the side walls of the frame body form a support for the surrounding soil. There is no excavation by digging a bottom slit or return material by flushing soil. The shielding means can be introduced into the cavity of the frame body in a simple manner before or after the introduction of the frame body into the ground. The shielding means emerges from the frame body when the frame body is pulled out of the bottom from the at least one opening at the lower end.

The Absenkkörper is reusable, that is, after the introduction of a first shielding in the ground and pulling the Absenkkörpers, this is introduced adjacent to the first shielding again in the ground, so here - adjacent to the first shielding - introduced another shielding in the ground can be. Together, the shielding means introduced into the ground then form an arrangement of shielding means, which can also be referred to as Abschirmwandung. Between two adjacent shielding means, a gap may be formed; a permanent connection is not mandatory.

The shielding means may have several configurations. According to a first possibility, the shielding means comprises at least one prefabricated shielding element which can be inserted into the lowering body. According to a second possibility, the shielding means may be a hardenable injection material, wherein the lowering body has at least one injection channel, through which the curable injection material can be injected from the floor when the body is pulled.

When using prefabricated shielding two process guides are generally conceivable. Namely, the at least one shielding element can be inserted into the bottom prior to the insertion of the lowering body or only then into the lowering body. The first approach is particularly suitable when using robust shielding, which are designed so that they take no damage when introducing the frame into the ground due to the forces introduced. As an example of such a shielding here is a prefabricated arrangement of one or more styrofoam plates provided with reinforcing steel mats called. Here, according to a preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the at least one shielding element has at a lower end a displacement tip with a pressure surface which cooperates with a corresponding counter surface of the Absenckörpers, so that forces introduced into the Absenkkörper be transferred to the displacement tip.

When using more sensitive shielding these should preferably be used after the introduction of the frame in the ground. An example of this is an arrangement of gas mats with protective Geotextilummantelung as shielding. Regardless of the configuration of the shielding is provided in any case that this is designed such that it can emerge when pulling the Absenkkörpers from the opening downwards so that it fills the bottom slot.

Preferably, the Absenkkörper, viewed in cross section, an at least approximately rectangular basic shape. According to the invention, the Absenkkörper, viewed in cross section, an elongated basic shape. For an effective production of long vibration shields, for example along traffic routes, it is particularly favorable that a length of the Absenkkörpers is greater by a multiple than a width of the Absenkkörpers; In particular, it can be provided that the ratio of length to width of the shielding or shielding element is greater than 5: 1, or even greater than 10: 1.

A distance may be provided between two adjacent shielding means introduced into the ground. It is also conceivable that viewed in plan view the shielding means are each arranged offset to the respective adjacent shielding means. Between two opposite long side walls of the Absenkkörpers one or more stiffening elements may be provided. The stiffening elements may extend parallel to the short side walls over the height of the Absenkkörpers so that they separate two chambers of the Absenkkörpers from each other. In this case, two shielding can be used in the Absenkkörper. The long and the short side walls of the Absenkkörpers form in plan view together a closed frame; In this respect, the Absenkkörper can also be referred to as a frame body or hollow body.

The installation of the shielding or shielding is done with one or more applicators. Aufsatzgerät are preferably Aufsatzrüttler, with other devices, such as hammers or sheet pile presses, which are used in civil engineering for the introduction and removal of sheet pile elements or precast piles, can be used. The upper end of the Absenkkörpers is designed so that the introduction device can be attached, for example, by means for fixing hydraulic collets when using a Aufsatzrüttlers or putting on a Rammhaube when using a drop hammer. The connection between the applicator and the Absenckörper takes place frictionally to allow a later pulling the Absenkkörpers. In order to ensure that the Absenkkörper is introduced into the ground in a vertical orientation, the introduction device is preferably Macclergeführt. Alternatively, the Absenkkörper be guided by a displaceable or movable scaffolding structure

The forces or vibrations generated by the applicator are introduced via the traverse in the Absenkkörper. In this case, the traverse preferably has a shape adapted to the Absenkkörper. In particular, it can be provided that the traverse has a centering for centering against the Absenkkörper, and an active section for introducing forces into the Absenkkörper. The Absenkkörper has accordingly at its upper end a receptacle for the traverse and a force introduction section, are introduced via the forces of the active section of the traverse. For an increase in the stability in the force introduction section, a reinforcement of the Absenkkörpers can be provided. The crossbar fulfills several functions. First, it forms an adapter between the delivery device and the Absenkkörper; secondly, the traverse distributes the introduced forces uniformly over the entire introduction surface of the lower body. In this way, a uniform introduction of the Absenkkörpers is made possible in the ground, or prevents unwanted tilting. The Einwirkabschnitt the traverse has a preferably circumferential pressure surface, which comes into contact at least with the largest part, preferably with the entire end face of the Absenkkörpers. In this way, a particularly uniform force is ensured by the traverse in the Absenkkörper.

According to a preferred embodiment, the Absenkkörper is continuously open, that is designed with through-opening between the upper and lower end; In this respect, the Absenkkörper can also be referred to as a jacket tube. When introducing the Absenkkörpers in the ground is the lower end of the Absenkkörpers preferably closed.

For this purpose, it can be provided according to a first possibility that the Absenkkörper have at its lower end one or more openable flaps, wherein the shielding or shielding element can pass after opening the at least one flap and pulling the Absenkkörpers from this down. In this case, the shielding means fills the displaced by the Absenkkörper space and thus forms a shielding wall or a Abschirmwandabschnitt in the ground. After a second possibility, the Absenkkörper has at its lower end a displacement tip, which remains nch the renewed pulling the Absenkkörpers in the ground.

The preferred material for the Absenkkörper and the displacement tip or the flap is steel, which allows for sufficient dimensions for the installation voltages a small wall thickness and has a high dimensional stability. The head region of the Absenkkörpers can be made reinforced, to withstand the case initiated installation voltages even with repeated use.

Figur 1

ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Abschirmanordnung zum Abschirmen von Erschütterungen im Boden in einer ersten Ausführungsform mit den Verfahrensschritten:

1. a) Einsetzen eines Abschirmmittels in einen Absenkkörper,
2. b) Einbringen des Absenkkörpers in den Boden unter Verdrängung des Bodens bis zum Erreichen einer gewünschten Tiefe,
3. c) Ziehen des Absenkkörpers, wobei das Abschirmmittel im Boden verbleibt,
4. d) bis der Absenkkörper vollständig aus dem Boden gezogen ist;

Figur 2

das Abschirmelement gemäß Figur 1a) schematisch

1. a) in einer Vorderansicht;
2. b) in einer Seitenansicht;

Figur 3

ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Abschirmanordnung zum Abschirmen von Erschütterungen im Boden in einer zweiten Ausführungsform mit den Verfahrensschritten:

• a), b) Einbringen eines Absenkkörpers in den Boden unter Verdrängung des Bodens bis zum Erreichen einer gewünschten Tiefe,
• c) Einsetzen eines Abschirmmittels in den Absenkkörper,
• d) Ziehen des Absenkkörpers aus dem Boden,
• e) wobei das Abschirmmittel im Boden verbleibt;

Figur 4

das Abschirmelement gemäß Figur 3a) schematisch

1. a) in einer Vorderansicht;
2. b) in einer Seitenansicht;

Figur 5

ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Abschirmanordnung zum Abschirmen von Erschütterungen im Boden in einer dritten Ausführungsform mit den Verfahrensschritten:

• a), b) Einbringen eines Absenkkörpers in den Boden unter Verdrängung des Bodens bis zum Erreichen einer gewünschten Tiefe,
• c) Ziehen des Absenkkörpers unter gleichzeitigem Injizieren von Abschirmmittel durch den Absenkkörper,
• d) bis der Absenkkörper vollständig aus dem Boden gezogen ist;

Figur 6

den Absenkkörper gemäß Figur 5a) schematisch

1. a) in einer Vorderansicht;
2. b) in einer Seitenansicht;

Figur 7

ein Abschirmelement zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß Figur 1 oder 3 in einer weiteren Ausführungsform

1. a) in Seitenansicht,
2. b) in Draufsicht auf die Traverse,
3. c) im Schnitt gemäß Schnittlinie A-A aus Figur 7a,
4. d) in Vorderansicht,
5. e) im Schnitt gemäß Schnittlinie B-B aus Figur 7a;

Figur 8

ein Abschirmelement zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß Figur 1 oder 3 in einer weiteren Ausführungsform

1. a) in Seitenansicht,
2. b) in Draufsicht auf die Traverse,
3. c) im Schnitt gemäß Schnittlinie A-A aus Figur 8a,
4. d) in Vorderansicht,
5. e) im Schnitt gemäß Schnittlinie B-B aus Figur 8a;

Preferred embodiments will be explained below with reference to the drawing figures. Herein shows

FIG. 1

an inventive method for producing a shielding arrangement for shielding vibrations in the ground in a first embodiment with the method steps:

1. a) inserting a shielding means into a lowering body,
2. b) introducing the Absenkkörpers in the ground while displacing the soil until reaching a desired depth,
3. c) pulling the Absenkkörpers, wherein the shielding agent remains in the ground,
4. d) until the Absenkkörper is completely pulled out of the ground;

FIG. 2

the shielding according to FIG. 1a ) schematically

1. a) in a front view;
2. b) in a side view;

FIG. 3

an inventive method for producing a shielding arrangement for shielding vibrations in the ground in a second embodiment with the method steps:

• a), b) introducing a Absenkkörpers in the soil while displacing the soil until reaching a desired depth,
• c) inserting a shielding means in the Absenkkörper,
• d) pulling the Absenkkörpers from the ground,
• e) wherein the shielding agent remains in the ground;

FIG. 4

the shielding according to FIG. 3a ) schematically

1. a) in a front view;
2. b) in a side view;

FIG. 5

an inventive method for producing a shielding arrangement for shielding vibrations in the ground in a third embodiment with the method steps:

• a), b) introducing a Absenkkörpers in the soil while displacing the soil until reaching a desired depth,
• c) pulling the lower body while simultaneously injecting shielding means through the Absenkkörper,
• d) until the Absenkkörper is completely pulled out of the ground;

FIG. 6

the Absenkkörper according to FIG. 5a ) schematically

1. a) in a front view;
2. b) in a side view;

FIG. 7

a shielding element for performing the method according to FIG. 1 or 3 in a further embodiment

1. a) in side view,
2. b) in plan view of the traverse,
3. c) in section according to section line AA Figure 7a .
4. d) in front view,
5. e) in section along section line BB Figure 7a ;

FIG. 8

a shielding element for performing the method according to FIG. 1 or 3 in a further embodiment

1. a) in side view,
2. b) in plan view of the traverse,
3. c) in section according to section line AA FIG. 8a .
4. d) in front view,
5. e) in section along section line BB FIG. 8a ;

The Figures 1 and 2 , which will be described together below, show an inventive method and apparatus for producing a shielding arrangement for shielding vibrations in the ground in a first embodiment.

A device 2 according to the invention for carrying out the method comprises a feeding device 3 and an elongated lowering body 4, which can be introduced into the ground 11 by means of the feeding device. The introduction device 3 is designed in the form of a topping vibrator, which is placed on the Absenkkörper 4. The Aufsatzrüttler generates vibrations that are introduced into the Absenkkörper 4. At the same time forces are applied vertically downwards, which move the Absenkkörper down into the ground. The forces or vibrations generated by the applicator 3 are introduced into the Absenkkörper 4 via a crossbar, not shown here. It is understood that instead of the attachment vibrator shown here, other introduction devices can also be used, for example drop hammers or sheet pile presses.

The Absenkkörper 4 has, viewed in cross section, an approximately rectangular basic shape, wherein the ratio of length to width of Absenkkörpers in particular greater than 5: 1, and preferably even greater than 10: 1. With this configuration, long vibration shields, for example along traffic routes, can be produced particularly cheaply and effectively. The Absenkkörper 4 is designed to be open throughout, that is, between the upper and the lower end of the tubular body, a through hole 5 is formed. The passage opening 5 allows the Absenkkörper 4 can be placed on a shielding 6, or the shielding 6, after insertion into the ground, can exit down from the opening of the Absenkkörpers 4.

The shielding means 6 is designed in the present embodiment as a prefabricated shielding, which in particular in the FIGS. 2a) and 2b ) is recognizable. The shielding element 6 is a solid component that can be manufactured prior to insertion into the Absenkkörper 4. In the present case, it comprises a carrier material 7, for example in the form of one or more steel mats, as well as an insulating material 8, for example in the form of polystyrene plates. The insulating material 8 is fixedly connected to the carrier material 7. It can be further seen that at the lower end of the shielding element 6, a displacement tip 9 is attached. The displacement tip 9 can be connected to the shielding element 6 by methods familiar to the person skilled in the art, for example by frictional, positive or material-locking connection. The displacement tip 9 has one or more force introduction sections 10, which protrude laterally beyond the shielding element 6 and on which the Absenkkörper 6 can be supported vertically downwards. In this way, the forces introduced on the Absenkkörper 6 forces are transmitted to the displacement tip 9. The displacement tip 9 is designed in terms of their shape and strength so that they can displace the soil during insertion good. After pulling the Absenkkörpers 4 remains the displacement tip 9 together with the shielding 6 in the ground. In this case, the displacement tip 9 can be designed according to a favorable embodiment so that it serves as buoyancy protection for possibly pending groundwater.

In the following, the method according to the invention in a first embodiment with reference to FIGS. 1a) to 1d ) explained. First, one or more shielding elements 6 are inserted into the box-shaped Absenkkörper 4, or the Absenkkörper is placed on the or the shielding 6. In this case, a lower end of Absenkkörpers 4 is supported on the associated with the shielding 6 displacement tip 9. Subsequently, the introduction device 3 is placed on the Absenkkörper 4, wherein between the delivery device and Absenkkörper 4 still a power transmission and distribution element can be interposed. The device 2 according to the invention formed from the lowering body 4, the shielding element 6 with the displacement tip 9 and the feeding device 3 is shown in FIG FIG. 1a ) when starting to be introduced into the soil. By generating vertically downwardly acting forces or oscillations by means of the introduction device 3, the lowering body 4 with the shielding element 6 received therein is moved downwards until it reaches a desired depth. The introduction takes place by lateral displacement of the soil. During insertion, the orientation of the Absenkkörpers 4 and the introduction device 3 is monitored and optionally tracked. This ensures that the Absenkkörper 4 does not tilt.

FIG. 1b ) shows the device 2 in fully inserted into the ground state. It can be seen that the side walls 16, 17 of the Absenkkörpers 4 support the surrounding soil 11. In the next process step, which in Figure 1c ), the Absenkkörper 4 is again pulled out of the ground, wherein the or the shielding 6 remain with displacement tip 9 in the ground and fill the cavity formed by the Absenkkörper 4 largely. The final state, after complete pulling of the hollow body 4, is in Figure 1d ). It can be seen in the bottom shielding element 6 in side view, the length of which extends into the plane. Adjacent to the lateral end of the already introduced shielding element 6, the next shielding element can then be introduced into the ground.

The FIGS. 3 and 4 , which will be described together below, show a method and apparatus for producing a shielding arrangement according to the invention for shielding vibrations in the ground in a second embodiment. The present embodiment corresponds largely to those according to the FIGS. 1 or 2, so that reference is made to the above description in terms of similarities. The same or corresponding components are provided with the same reference numerals, as in the Figures 1 and 2 ,

In the following, particular attention is paid to the differences. The peculiarity of the procedure according to FIG. 3 is that the Absenkkörper 4 is introduced without absorbed therein shielding in the ground, as in the FIGS. 2a) and 2b ) recognizable. Only after the complete insertion of the Absenkkörpers 4 to the desired depth and after removing the applicator 3 or the shielding 6 is inserted into the interior of the Absenkkörpers from above, as shown in Figure 2c). Subsequently, the Absenkkörper 4 is pulled out of the ground, Figure 2d). The finished, located in the bottom shield 6 is shown in Figure 2e).

Another special feature of the present embodiment can be seen in the embodiment of the shielding element 6. This comprises a plurality of approximately horizontally extending cylinder bodies, which may be designed in the form of gas mats with protective textile casing. FIG. 4a ) shows such consisting of several gas mats shielding 6 in front view and FIG. 4b ) in side view.

The proceedings after FIG. 1 on the one hand, or after FIG. 3 On the other hand, depending on the structure and shape of the or the shielding 6 can be selected. If the shielding elements have high strength or stability, the method according to FIG FIG. 1 come used, in which the shielding elements are introduced in already inserted into the Absenkkörper 4 state together with this in the ground. In structurally more sensitive shielding the method according to FIG. 3 to prefer, in which the Absenkkörper 4 is introduced separately into the ground and the shielding element is inserted only subsequently in the Absenkkörper 4.

The FIGS. 5 and 6 , which will be described together below, show an inventive method and apparatus for producing a shielding arrangement for shielding vibrations in the ground in a third embodiment. The present embodiment largely corresponds to those according to FIGS Figures 3 and 4, respectively, so that the similarities are referred to the above description. The same or corresponding components are provided with the same reference numerals, as in the FIGS. 3 and 4 ,

In the following, particular attention is paid to the differences. The peculiarity of the procedure according to FIG. 5 consists in the manner of introduction and the design of the shielding means 6. The shielding means 6 is in the embodiment according to the FIGS. 5 and 6 as designed in liquid form or as a foam in the soil einbringbares and curable injection agent. As the hardenable injection agent, for example, polyurethane foams or resins can be used. The procedure is similar as in FIG. 3 shown. First, the Absenckörper 4 is introduced into the ground, as in the FIGS. 5a ) and 5b). After complete insertion of the Absenkkörpers 4 while displacing the soil and reaching the desired depth, the Absenkkörper 4 is pulled again. At the same time, during the drawing, liquid injection medium is injected through injection channels 12, which exits at a lower end of the Absenkkörpers 4 and fills the cavity formed by the Absenkkörper 4 when introduced into the ground. The pulling while simultaneously applying the injection means is in FIG. 5c ). The ejection of the injection medium is carried out with a corresponding pressure, which can be adjusted, for example, taking into account the viscosity of the injection medium and the soil condition. Gradually, the injection agent cures and forms, after complete hardening a shielding element 6 in the ground, as in FIG. 5d ). Subsequently, adjacent to the lateral end of the already introduced shielding element 6, the lowering body 4 can again be introduced into the ground in order here to produce the next shielding element by injecting the injection means.

It is especially in FIG. 6b ) can be seen that the Absenkkörper 4 has over its length a plurality of injection tubes or channels 12 which extend from an upper end of the Absenkkörpers to a lower end. These injection channels 12 are connected at the top via corresponding connection means with a supply line 13, via which the injection medium can be pressed. The injection channels 12 are guided in the embodiment shown on an outer side of the Absenkkörpers 4 along. However, it is also conceivable that the injection channels 12 are guided along within the Absenkkörpers 4, for example on the inner wall. This embodiment has the advantage that the channels are better protected against damage when introducing the Absenkkörpers 4 in the ground.

In the FIGS. 7a) to 7e ), which will be described together below, a device according to the invention is shown in a further embodiment. The present embodiment largely corresponds to that of FIG FIG. 2 , so that reference is made to the above description in terms of similarities. The same or corresponding components are provided with the same reference numerals, as in the above figures. Below, the features of the present embodiment will be discussed in detail.

The Absenkkörper 4 has a relatively large ratio of length L to width B, so that hereby relatively long shielding can be generated by a single insertion process in the ground. In particular in FIG. 7c ), the rectangular basic shape of the Absenkkörpers is recognizable, wherein the ratio of length to width of the Absenkkörpers is greater than 10: 1 and about 14: 1. The Absenkkörper 4 has a stiffener 15, which connects the two opposite side walls 16, 17 with each other and thus leads to increased rigidity of the Absenkkörpers 4. The stiffener 15 is designed in the form of a beam element which extends over the height of the Absenkkörpers and is connected to the side walls 16, 17, for example by means of welding. By the stiffener 15 two chambers 27, 28 are formed in the Absenkkörper, in each of which a shielding element 6 is to be inserted.

The device 2 according to FIG. 7 also has a traverse 21, which is placed on the Absenkkörper 4 and used for power transmission or distribution of the delivery device, not shown here on the Absenkkörper 4. The traverse 21, which can also be referred to as a force distribution element, has a shape adapted to the Absenkkörper 4. For insertion and centering, the traverse 21 has a centering section 22, with which the traverse 21 is inserted into an upper opening of the Absenkkörpers 4 and aligned with respect to this. Above the centering section 22, an active section 23 connects, which serves for introducing forces into the Absenkkörper 4. In this case, the active portion 23 has a pressure surface 24 which cooperates in the inserted state on a support surface 25 of the Absenkkörpers. At the operative portion 23, two brackets 26 are attached to which the applicator can be attached by means of clamps. In the present case, the centering section 22 is bisected due to the stiffening 15 of the Absenkkörpers 4. The applicator not shown here is placed on the crosshead for introducing the Absenkkörpers in the ground and initiates a force or vibrations in this. By means of the traverse 21, the introduced forces or vibrations over the entire length of the Absenkkörpers 4 are introduced into this. To increase the stability in the force introduction section of the Absenkkörper can be provided with a reinforcement.

At the lower end 20 of the Absenkkörpers 4 a displacement tip 9 is inserted, which is designed as a so-called lost tip. The displacement tip 9 is designed as a beam element having at its ends a plurality of upwardly facing positioning elements 14. The beam element 9 is placed on the opening of the Absenkkörpers, wherein the positioning elements 14 have a Ausrichte- or guide function relative to the inner wall of the Absenkkörpers 4, and thus cause an alignment of the beam member 9 relative to the Absenkkörper 4. The beam element 9 projects laterally beyond the side walls 16, 17 and end walls 18, 19 so that the frictional forces on the wall of the lowering body are reduced when introduced into the ground. When pulling the Absenkkörpers 4 remains the beam member 9 due to its own weight and the shielding elements supported thereon in the ground. Thus, the opening is released and the two shielding 6 can exit down from the opening of the Absenkkörpers 4.

The present device according to FIG. 7 Can be used both for shielding, as in the Figures 1 and 2 are shown, that is, which are already used before being introduced into the ground in the Absenkkörper, as well as for shielding, as in the FIGS. 3 and 4 are shown, that is, those that are used only after the introduction of the Absenkkörpers in the ground.

In the FIGS. 8a) to 8e ), which will be described together below, a device according to the invention is shown in a further embodiment. The present embodiment corresponds largely to those according to the FIGS. 7a) to 7e) , so that reference is made to the above description in terms of similarities. The same or corresponding components are provided with the same reference numerals, as in the above figures. Below, the features of the present embodiment will be discussed in detail.

In contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 7 is according to the present embodiment FIG. 8 a folding mechanism is provided instead of the lost tip. For this purpose, two flaps 29 are attached to the lower end of the Absenkkörpers 4, which are up and to pivot, so that they can close or release the opening. The operation of the flaps 29 is similar in so far as the lost tip, as the release the flaps 29 when pulling the Absenkkörpers the opening down. When introducing the Absenkkörpers 4 in the ground, the flaps 29 are initially closed. After inserting the shielding 6, which can be done before or after the introduction of Absenkkörpers in the ground, the Absenkkörper 4 is pulled back up, with the flaps 29 open at the lower end due to their own weight. Upon further pulling the Absenkkörpers the shielding 6 come out of the Absenkkörper 4 below in the cavity formed by the Absenkkörper out. The present embodiment has two flaps 29; However, it is understood that embodiments with only one or even more than two flaps are conceivable.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

2

device

3

Einbringgerät

4

Absenkkörper

5

opening

6

screening

7

support material

8th

insulation

9

peak displacement

10

Force transmission sections

11

ground

12

injection channel

13

supply line

14

positioning

15

stiffening

16

Side wall

17

Side wall

18

bulkhead

19

bulkhead

21

traverse

22

centering

23

effective section

24

print area

25

support surface

26

holder

27

chamber

28

chamber

29

flap

B

width

L

length

Claims (14)

1. Method of producing a shielding assembly for shielding against vibrations in the ground with the method steps:

   inserting a sinking body (4) into the ground by means of an insertion device (3) until a desired depth is reached, wherein the sinking body (4) seen in cross-section has a length (L) multiple times greater than a width (B), wherein the insertion device (3) is detachably connected to a crossbeam (21) for introducing forces into the sinking body (4) and the crossbeam (21) is detachably mounted on the sinking body (4) wherein the sinking body (4) displaces and supports the ground during insertion,

   introducing shielding means (6) into the sinking body (4) wherein at its lower end the sinking body has at least one opening (5) through which the shielding means (6) can exit downwards,

   pulling the sinking body (4) out of the ground, wherein the shielding means (6) remains in the ground and at least partially fills a hollow space created by the sinking body (4).
2. Method according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   a hardenable or pourable injection material is used as the shielding means (6).
3. Method according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   a prefabricated shielding element is used as the shielding means (6), which, in particular, comprises a support material (7) and an insulating material (8).
4. Method according to claim 3,
   characterised in that
   at the lower end of the shielding element (6) a displacement tip (9) is applied,
   that the shielding element (6) is inserted into and driven into the ground together with the sinking body (4),
   wherein the displacement tip (9) connected to the shielding element (6) is supported on the lower end of the sinking body (4) so that driving-in forces introduced into the sinking body (4) are transmitted to the displacement tip (9).
5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
   characterised in that
   a displacement tip (9) is applied to the lower end of the sinking body (4), wherein the displacement tip (9) is supported on the sinking body (4) so that forces introduced into the sinking body (4) are transmitted to the displacement tip (9), wherein the sinking body (4) with the displacement tip (9) is inserted into the ground.
6. Method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterised in that,
   after pulling out the sinking body (4), the displacement tip (9) remains in the ground together with the shielding element (6), wherein the displacement tip is, in particular, designed so that it acts as buoyancy protection for any present groundwater.
7. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
   characterised in that
   the sinking body (4) comprises at least one openable flap (29) which can open or close the opening (5),
   wherein the at least one flap (29) is closed when the sinking body (4) is inserted into the ground and
   wherein the at least one flap (29) is opened when the desired depth is reached that the shielding means (6) can exit downwards out of the sinking body (4).
8. Device for introducing shielding means into the ground to protect against vibrations, comprising:

   a sinking body (4) which can be introduced into the ground and pulled out from the ground and which on its lower end has an opening (5) through which a shielding means (6) introduceable into the sinking body (4) can exit downwards when it is pulled out,

   characterised by a crossbeam (21) for introducing forces into the sinking body (4) wherein the crossbeam (21) can be detachably mounted on the sinking body (4), and

   an insertion device (3) for introducing forces into the crossbeam (21), wherein the insertion device can be detachably connected to the crossbeam for force introduction,

   wherein the sinking body (4), seen in cross-section, is designed in such a way that a length (L) of the sinking body (4) is multiple times larger than a width (B) of the sinking body (4).
9. Device according to claim 8,
   characterised in that
   at its lower end the sinking body (4) has at least one flap (29) which can be opened so that the shielding element (6) can pass out downwards through the opening (5) of the sinking body (4).
10. Device according to any one of claims 8 or 9,
    characterised in that
    at its upper end the sinking body (4) forms a receptacle for the crossbeam (21) and has a support surface (25) via which the forces are transmittable from the crossbeam (21) into the sinking body (4).
11. Device according to any one of claims 8 to 10,
    characterised in that
    the crossbeam (21) has a centring section (22) for centring with regard to the sinking body (4) as well as an operating section (23) for introducing forces into the sinking body (4).
12. Device according to any one of claims 8 to 11,
    characterised in that
    the shielding means (6) comprises at least one shielding element (6) which is insertable into the sinking body (4), wherein the shielding element (6) is designed in such a way that on pulling out the sinking body (4) it can exit downward through its opening (5).
13. Device according to any one of claims 8 to 12,
    characterised in that
    at a lower end the at least one shielding element (6) or the sinking body (4) has a displacement tip (9) with an operating surface, wherein the operating surface is designed in such a way that forces introduced into the sinking body (4) are transmitted to the displacement tip (9).
14. Device according to any one of claims 8 to 11,
    characterised in that
    the shielding means (6) is a hardenable injection material, wherein the sinking body (4) comprises at least one injection channel (12) through which the hardenable injection material can be injected on pulling out the sinking body (4).

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