EP2623910A2 - Échangeur thermique multicouche et système d'échange de chaleur - Google Patents

Échangeur thermique multicouche et système d'échange de chaleur Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2623910A2
EP2623910A2 EP13151567.8A EP13151567A EP2623910A2 EP 2623910 A2 EP2623910 A2 EP 2623910A2 EP 13151567 A EP13151567 A EP 13151567A EP 2623910 A2 EP2623910 A2 EP 2623910A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
flow passage
plate
heat exchanger
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13151567.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2623910B1 (fr
EP2623910A3 (fr
Inventor
Koji Noishiki
Yasutake Miwa
Hiroyuki Ban
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kobe Steel Ltd
Original Assignee
Kobe Steel Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kobe Steel Ltd filed Critical Kobe Steel Ltd
Publication of EP2623910A2 publication Critical patent/EP2623910A2/fr
Publication of EP2623910A3 publication Critical patent/EP2623910A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2623910B1 publication Critical patent/EP2623910B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the heat-exchange media travelling at an angle to one another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/5826—Cooling at least part of the working fluid in a heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/005—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having openings therein for both heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F28D9/0075—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements the plates having openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0093—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/0056—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another with U-flow or serpentine-flow inside conduits; with centrally arranged openings on the plates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multilayer heat exchanger formed by stacking flow passage plates, and a heat exchange system in which this multilayer heat exchanger is used.
  • the heat exchanger used at this time includes a so-called fin type or plate type heat exchanger, and for example Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2000-283668 discloses such a heat exchanger.
  • the plate type heat exchanger having an integral structure that an interior is partitioned into a plurality of units by a partition wall, at least one of the plurality of units has a plurality of fluid inlets or outlets, and at least one side connecting to the inlets and the outlets forms a plurality of different heating flow passages or heated flow passages in the plurality of units.
  • a compression of a gas is not limited only to a so-called one-step type compression in which a gas is compressed only once by one compressor but a multi-step type compression in which a gas successively passes through a plurality of compressors so that the gas once compressed by a compressor is further compressed by a next-step compressor may be performed.
  • a temperature of the gas is increased every time when the gas is compressed by the compressor.
  • the compressed gas passes through and is cooled in a heat exchanger before being supplied to the next-step compressor. That is, there is a need for preparing the same number of heat exchangers as the number of the compressors so as to establish a multi-step type compression system in which the plurality of heat exchangers and also the plurality of compressors are alternately connected in series.
  • the conventional heat exchanger is not suitable for treating the gas whose pressure is greatly increased by the multi-step type compression.
  • development of a heat exchanger having high pressure resistance is also an important challenge.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a compact multilayer heat exchanger having high pressure resistance and a heat exchange system in which the multilayer heat exchanger is used.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical means.
  • a multilayer heat exchanger includes a plurality of stacked heat exchange units for performing heat exchange of a fluid fed out from a plurality of machines, wherein each of the heat exchange units has a structure that a plurality of flow passage plates is stacked, and each of the flow passage plates has concave grooves formed on a surface as flow passages of the fluid.
  • Each of the plurality of heat exchange units may be paired with each of the plurality of machines. In other words, each of the plurality of heat exchange units may be in one-to-one correspondence with each of the plurality of machines.
  • each of the plurality of heat exchange units is provided with a supply hole through which the fluid is supplied to the heat exchange unit and a discharge hole through which the supplied fluid is discharged, and the supply hole and the discharge hole provided in each of the heat exchange units are formed with length to directly communicate with an exterior along the stacking direction of the heat exchange unit in such a manner that arrangement positions thereof in a plan view are not overlapped with each other.
  • the flow passage plates may be made of metal, and the flow passages of the flow passage plates may be formed by chemical etching.
  • the stacked metal flow passage plates are bonded to each other by diffusion-bonding.
  • a heat exchange system includes a plurality of machines for changing a heat amount of a fluid, and a multilayer heat exchanger formed by stacking heat exchange units for performing heat exchange of the fluid whose heat amount is changed by the plurality of machines, wherein the multilayer heat exchanger is the multilayer heat exchanger described above.
  • the compact heat exchanger having high pressure resistance and the heat exchange system can be obtained.
  • Fig. 1 is a concept view showing a configuration of a multi-step type heat exchange system in which compressors serving as a plurality of machines and a plurality of heat exchangers are used.
  • Fig. 1A is a concept view showing a configuration of a heat exchange system in which conventional heat exchangers are used, and
  • Fig. 1B is a concept view showing a configuration of a heat exchange system 1a in which a multilayer heat exchanger 2a according to the present embodiment is used.
  • the heat exchanger in a multi-step type compression process for successively pressurizing and compressing a gas by a plurality of compressors connected in series so as to change the gas into a high-pressure gas, the heat exchanger is provided in a subsequent step to the compressors.
  • the heat exchange system shown in Fig. 1A shows the configuration of a case where the conventional heat exchangers are used.
  • the heat exchange system of Fig. 1A includes four compressors of first to fourth compressors denoted by 1st-comp to 4th-comp, and four heat exchangers of first to fourth heat exchangers denoted by 1st-ex to 4th-ex.
  • a discharge port of the first compressor is connected to a suction port of the first heat exchanger by a pipe
  • a discharge port of the first heat exchanger is connected to a suction port of the second compressor by a pipe.
  • the conventional heat exchange system is formed as shown in Fig 1A while connecting the discharge ports of the compressors and the suction ports of the heat exchangers.
  • the heat exchange system 1a shown in Fig. 1B includes compressors serving as four machines of first to fourth compressors C1 to C4 denoted by 1st-comp to 4th-comp, and the multilayer heat exchanger 2a formed by stacking and integrating four heat exchange units of first to fourth heat exchange units U1 to U4 denoted by 1st-unit to 4th unit.
  • the first to fourth heat exchange units U1 to U4 of the multilayer heat exchanger 2a shown in Fig. 1B perform operations corresponding to the conventional first to fourth heat exchangers shown in Fig. 1A .
  • the first heat exchange unit U1 performs heat exchange (cooling) of a high-temperature fluid discharged from the first compressor C1
  • the second heat exchange unit U2 performs heat exchange (cooling) of the high-temperature fluid discharged from the second compressor C2.
  • the third heat exchange unit U3 performs heat exchange (cooling) of the high-temperature fluid discharged from the third compressor C3
  • the fourth heat exchange unit U4 performs heat exchange (cooling) of the high-temperature fluid discharged from the fourth compressor C4.
  • the heat exchange system 1a has the plurality of machines (such as the first to fourth compressors C1 to C4) for changing a heat amount of the fluid (such as a hydrogen gas), and the multilayer heat exchanger 2a formed by stacking the heat exchange units (such as the first to fourth heat exchange units U1 to U4) for performing heat exchange of the fluid whose heat amount is changed by the plurality of machines.
  • the plurality of machines such as the first to fourth compressors C1 to C4 for changing a heat amount of the fluid (such as a hydrogen gas)
  • the multilayer heat exchanger 2a formed by stacking the heat exchange units (such as the first to fourth heat exchange units U1 to U4) for performing heat exchange of the fluid whose heat amount is changed by the plurality of machines.
  • a state that the plurality of machines for changing the heat amount of the fluid is connected in series so as to form one flow passage is called as a state that the plurality of machines is connected in multiple steps.
  • the hydrogen gas serving as the fluid flows through one flow passage formed by the multiple steps of the compressors C1 to C4 from the first compressor C1, the second compressor C2, the third compressor C3, to the fourth compressor C4 in this order.
  • the heat amount of the hydrogen gas is changed and a temperature of the gas is increased every time when the gas passes through the compressors C1 to C4.
  • the high-temperature hydrogen gas compressed (pressurized) in the first compressor C1 flows into the first heat exchange unit U1 of the multilayer heat exchanger 2a so as to be cooled, and is suctioned into the second compressor C2 in the next step.
  • the suctioned hydrogen gas is further compressed by the second compressor C2 so as to have a higher temperature and returned to the multilayer heat exchanger 2a, and flows into the second heat exchange unit U2 so as to be cooled.
  • the fluid discharged from the first compressor C1 flows into the first heat exchange unit U1, and the fluid discharged from the second compressor C2 flows into the second heat exchange unit U2.
  • the first compressor C1 and the first heat exchange unit U1 are paired with each other, and the second compressor C2 and the second heat exchange unit U2 are paired with each other.
  • the third compressor C3 and the third heat exchange unit U3 are paired with each other, and the fourth compressor C4 and the fourth heat exchange unit U4 are paired with each other.
  • a flow rate of cooling water can be controlled for each unit according to a layering method so that the cooling water performs cooling, or the cooling water can perform cooling all the units at once.
  • the multilayer heat exchanger 2a according to the present embodiment realizes functions of the plurality of heat exchangers in the conventional heat exchange system by an integrated flow passage structure.
  • the multilayer heat exchanger 2a according to the present embodiment can be downsized more than the conventional heat exchangers, and piping with the compressors can be simply and easily organized. Further, an area of an installment place required for installing the heat exchange system including compressors can be reduced.
  • Fig. 2 is a view of a structure of the multilayer heat exchanger 2a, showing an A-A section and a C-C section of the multilayer heat exchanger 2a.
  • Fig. 3 is a view showing a B-B section of the multilayer heat exchanger 2a.
  • the multilayer heat exchanger 2a is formed by stacking the first to fourth heat exchange units U1 to U4 denoted by 1st to 4th, stacking an upper surface board (upper end plate) 3 on an upper surface of the stacked body, and stacking a lower surface board (lower end plate) 4 on a lower surface.
  • Each of the first to fourth heat exchange units U1 to U4 is formed by alternately stacking a plurality of flat flow passage boards (flow passage plates) in which flow passages of the hydrogen gas serving as the fluid are formed, and a plurality of flat flow passage boards (cooling plates) in which flow passages of the cooling water serving as a cooling medium are formed.
  • the plates may be stacked in such a manner that the both surface sides of the flow passage plate on the hydrogen side are sandwiched by the cooling plates.
  • an outer appearance of each of the first to fourth heat exchange units U1 to U4 is a cuboid shape in which the flat fluid plates and the cooling plates are stacked. Since such cuboid first to fourth heat exchange units U1 to U4 are stacked, the multilayer heat exchanger 2a is formed in a cuboid shape which is high in the stacking direction of the first to fourth heat exchange units U1 to U4.
  • Fig. 4 is a view showing all the plates forming the multilayer heat exchanger 2a.
  • the first flow passage plate (1st plate) P1 forming the first heat exchange unit U1 is shown in a upper left part of Fig. 4
  • the third flow passage plate (3rd plate) P3, the fourth flow passage plate (4th plate) P4, and the second flow passage plate (2nd plate) P2 are shown in this order toward the right side.
  • the flow passage plates P1 to P4 are shown in order of the 1st, 3rd, 4th, and 2nd plates from the left side based on the fact that the first to fourth heat exchange units U1 to U4 are stacked in order of the first, third, fourth, and second heat exchange units from the upper side in Figs. 2 and 3 .
  • the upper surface board (upper end plate) 3 stacked on the upper surface of the multilayer heat exchanger is shown in a lower left part of Fig. 4 , and the cooling plate CP1 stacked between the flow passage plates and the lower surface board (lower end plate) 4 stacked on the lower surface of the multilayer heat exchanger are shown in this order toward the right side.
  • Fig. 4 shows the configurations of the plates of the time when the multilayer heat exchanger 2a is seen from the upper surface side, that is, when the multilayer heat exchanger is seen along the direction from the upper side of the upper end plate 3 to the lower end plate 4.
  • the first heat exchange unit (1st heat exchange unit) U1 in the multilayer heat exchanger 2a is formed by alternately stacking the first flow passage plates (1st plates) P1 and the cooling plates CP1.
  • the first flow passage plate P1 is a flat rectangular board made of metal such as stainless or aluminum, the board having thickness of a few millimeters.
  • a fluid supply hole 1IN through which the hydrogen gas supplied from the first compressor C1 flows into the first flow passage plate P1 is bored so as to form a through hole in a left part of the upper end in the figure.
  • a fluid discharge hole 1OUT through which the hydrogen gas flows out from the first flow passage plate P1 is bored so as to form a through hole in a right part of the lower end. That is, the fluid supply hole 1IN and the fluid discharge hole 1OUT are formed in the diagonal direction of the first flow passage plate P1.
  • flow passages for the hydrogen gas are formed so as to connect the fluid supply hole 1IN and the fluid discharge hole 1OUT.
  • the hydrogen gas flowing from the fluid supply hole 1IN flows along the formed flow passages, and flows out from the fluid discharge hole 1OUT to an exterior of the first flow passage plate.
  • Fig. 5A is a view showing a detailed configuration of the first flow passage plate P1 shown in Fig. 4 .
  • the plurality of flow passages is formed in the first flow passage plate P1 so as to meander in the width direction of the first flow passage plate P1 and connect the fluid supply hole 1IN and the fluid discharge hole 1OUT.
  • the plurality of flow passages is formed so as not to cross each other but be substantially parallel to each other. Therefore, the hydrogen gas flowing from the fluid supply hole 1IN reaches the fluid discharge hole 1OUT through only one flow passage into which the gas flows.
  • the flow passages of the first flow passage plate P1 meander in the width direction of the first flow passage plate P1 in order to have as long flow passages as possible within a limited area of the first flow passage plate P1.
  • the flow passages may take a track other than the meandering track shown in Figs. 4 and 5 .
  • Such flow passages are called as micro channels in the technical field of the present invention, the micro channels being thin flow passages having width of about 1 millimeter.
  • the flow passages called as the micro channels are formed with using an etching technique such as chemical etching. Since etching is isotropic work, depth of the flow passages is close to 0.5 times more than the width of the flow passages. However, in the present embodiment, the depth is about 0.4 to 0.6 times more than the width of the flow passages.
  • a fluid supply hole 3IN serving as a through hole through which the hydrogen gas supplied from the third compressor C3 flows into the third flow passage plate P3 described later is bored in a right part of the upper end in the figure.
  • a fluid discharge hole 30UT serving as a through hole through which the hydrogen gas flows out from the third flow passage plate P3 is bored in a left part of the lower end. The fluid supply hole 3IN and the fluid discharge hole 30UT are not connected to the flow passages of the first flow passage plate P1.
  • a cooling water hole IN serving as a through hole through which the cooling water flows into the cooling plate CP1 described later is bored between the fluid discharge hole 1OUT and the through hole of the fluid discharge hole 30UT, and a cooling water hole OUT serving as a through hole through which the cooling water flows out from the cooling plate CP1 described later is bored between the fluid supply hole 1IN and the through hole of the fluid supply hole 3IN.
  • the cooling water hole IN and the cooling water hole OUT are not connected to the flow passages of the first flow passage plate P1.
  • the other surface of such a first flow passage plate P1 that is, a lower surface (not shown) in which no flow passages are formed is a smooth surface.
  • the cooling plate CP1 has a substantially similar configuration to the first flow passage plate P1 and is made of the same material as the first flow passage plate P1.
  • a fluid supply hole 1IN, a cooling water hole OUT, and a fluid supply hole 3IN are formed at the same positions as the first flow passage plate P1 in the upper end, and a fluid discharge hole 1OUT, a cooling water hole IN, and a fluid discharge hole 30UT are similarly formed at the same positions as the first flow passage plate P1 in the lower end.
  • Fig. 5B is a view showing a detailed configuration of the cooling plate CP1 shown in Fig. 4 .
  • a plurality of flow passages is also formed in the cooling plate CP1 so as to meander in the width direction as well as the first flow passage plate P1 and connect the cooling water hole IN and the cooling water hole OUT.
  • the plurality of flow passages is also formed so as not to cross each other but be substantially parallel to each other as well as the first flow passage plate P1. Therefore, the cooling water flowing from the cooling water hole IN reaches the cooling water hole OUT through only one flow passage into which the water flows.
  • the other surface of such a cooling plate CP1 that is, a lower surface (not shown) in which no flow passages are formed is a smooth surface.
  • the first heat exchange unit U1 is formed by alternately stacking the first flow passage plates P1 and the cooling plates CP1 described above. Firstly, a cooling plate CP1 is used as a lowermost layer of the first heat exchange unit U1, a first flow passage plate P1 is stacked on the cooling plate, and another cooling plate CP1 is further stacked on the first flow passage plate. In such a way, the first flow passage plates P1 and the cooling plates CP1 are alternately stacked to be multiple layers on the lowermost cooling plate CP1, and the other cooling plate CP1 serves as an uppermost layer.
  • the number of the stacked first flow passage plates P1 is arbitrary. However, by changing the number of the first flow passage plates P1, a capacity of the first heat exchange unit U1 can be changed. This is applied to the second to fourth heat exchange units U2 to U4 described later. However, in the present embodiment, capacities of the first to fourth heat exchange units U1 to U4 are the same as each other.
  • the first heat exchange unit U1 in which the plurality of plates is integrated is obtained. That is, the smooth lower surface of the first flow passage plate P1 diffusion-bonded onto the cooling plate CP1 serves as a lid for the flow passages of the cooling plate CP1, and the smooth lower surface of the cooling plate CP1 diffusion-bonded onto the first flow passage plate P1 serves as a lid for the flow passages of the first flow passage plate P1.
  • the first flow passage plate P1 and the cooling plate CP1 are firmly bonded to each other by this diffusion-bonding.
  • the first heat exchange unit U1 has greatly high pressure resistance for the supplied fluid.
  • the hydrogen gas flows into the flow passages of the first flow passage plate P1 connected to the fluid supply hole 1IN.
  • the fluid supply hole is isolated from the flow passages of the cooling plate CP1 by bonding of an upper surface of the cooling plate and the lower surface of the first flow passage plate, the hydrogen gas does not flow into the flow passages of the cooling plate CP1.
  • the cooling water when the cooling water is supplied from the cooling water hole IN, the cooling water flows into the flow passages of the cooling plate CP1 connected to the cooling water hole IN.
  • the cooling water hole is isolated from the flow passages of the first flow passage plate P1 by bonding of the upper surface of the first flow passage plate P1 and the lower surface of the cooling plate CP1, the cooling water does not flow into the flow passages of the first flow passage plate P1.
  • the third heat exchange unit U3 is a heat exchange unit arranged immediately below the first heat exchange unit U1.
  • the third flow passage plate P3 used for the third heat exchange unit U3 is a member of the substantially same material and size as the first flow passage plate P1, and similar flow passages to the first flow passage plate P1 are formed.
  • a fluid supply hole 1IN and a fluid discharge hole 1OUT as formed in the first flow passage plate P1 are not formed but a fluid supply hole 3IN, a fluid discharge hole 30UT, a cooling water hole IN, and a cooling water hole OUT are formed.
  • the flow passages serving as micro channels are formed, and the fluid supply hole 3IN and the fluid discharge hole 30UT are connected by the flow passages.
  • the third heat exchange unit U3 is obtained.
  • the hydrogen gas when the hydrogen gas is supplied from the fluid supply hole 3IN, the hydrogen gas flows into the flow passages of the third flow passage plate P3 connected to the fluid supply hole 3IN.
  • the fluid supply hole is isolated from the flow passages of the cooling plate CP1 by bonding of the upper surface of the cooling plate CP1 and a lower surface of the third flow passage plate P3, the hydrogen gas does not flow into the flow passages of the cooling plate CP1.
  • the cooling water when the cooling water is supplied from the cooling water hole IN, the cooling water flows into the flow passages of the cooling plate CP1 connected to the cooling water hole IN.
  • the cooling water hole is isolated from the flow passages of the third flow passage plate P3 by bonding of the upper surface of the third flow passage plate P3 and the lower surface of the cooling plate CP1, the cooling water does not flow into the flow passages of the third flow passage plate P3.
  • the fourth heat exchange unit U4 is a heat exchange unit arranged immediately below the third heat exchange unit U3.
  • the fourth flow passage plate P4 used for the fourth heat exchange unit U4 is a member of the substantially same material and size as the first flow passage plate P1 and the third flow passage plate P3, and similar flow passages to the first flow passage plate P1 and the third flow passage plate P3 are formed.
  • the fourth flow passage plate P4 has a configuration formed by mirror-reversing the configuration of the third flow passage plate P3, and through holes formed on a diagonal line are a fluid supply hole 4IN and a fluid discharge hole 40UT.
  • a cooling water hole IN and a cooling water hole OUT are also formed in the fourth flow passage plate P4.
  • the flow passages serving as micro channels are formed, and the fluid supply hole 4IN and the fluid discharge hole 40UT are connected by the flow passages.
  • the fourth heat exchange unit U4 When the fourth flow passage plates P4 and the cooling plates CP1 are stacked as well as the first heat exchange unit U1 and the third heat exchange unit U3 and the plates are diffusion-bonded to each other, the fourth heat exchange unit U4 is obtained.
  • the hydrogen gas when the hydrogen gas is supplied from the fluid supply hole 4IN, the hydrogen gas flows into the flow passages of the fourth flow passage plate P4 connected to the fluid supply hole 4IN.
  • the fluid supply hole is isolated from the flow passages of the cooling plate CP1 by bonding of the upper surface of the cooling plate CP1 and a lower surface of the fourth flow passage plate P4, the hydrogen gas does not flow into the flow passages of the cooling plate CP1.
  • the second heat exchange unit U2 is a heat exchange unit arranged immediately below the fourth heat exchange unit U4.
  • the second flow passage plate P2 used for the second heat exchange unit U2 is a member of the substantially same material and size as the first flow passage plate P1, the third flow passage plate P3, and the fourth flow passage plate P4, and similar flow passages to the flow passage plates are formed.
  • the second flow passage plate P2 has a configuration formed by mirror-reversing the configuration of the first flow passage plate P1, and through holes formed on a diagonal line which is different from a diagonal line connecting a fluid supply hole 4IN and a fluid discharge hole 40UT are a fluid supply hole 2IN and a fluid discharge hole 2OUT.
  • a cooling water hole IN and a cooling water hole OUT are also formed in the second flow passage plate P2.
  • the flow passages serving as micro channels are formed, and the fluid supply hole 2IN and the fluid discharge hole 20UT are connected by the flow passages.
  • the second heat exchange unit U2 When the second flow passage plates P2 and the cooling plates CP1 are stacked as well as the first heat exchange unit U1, the third heat exchange unit U3, and the fourth heat exchange unit U4 and the plates are diffusion-bonded to each other, the second heat exchange unit U2 is obtained.
  • the hydrogen gas when the hydrogen gas is supplied from the fluid supply hole 2IN, the hydrogen gas flows into the flow passages of the second flow passage plate P2 connected to the fluid supply hole 2IN.
  • the fluid supply hole is isolated from the flow passages of the cooling plate CP1 by bonding of the upper surface of the cooling plate CP1 and a lower surface of the second flow passage plate P2, the hydrogen gas does not flow into the flow passages of the cooling plate CP1.
  • the cooling water when the cooling water is supplied from the cooling water hole IN, the cooling water does not flow into the second flow passage plate P2 for a similar reason to the first heat exchange unit U1, the third heat exchange unit U3, and the fourth heat exchange unit U4.
  • the heat exchange units U1 to U4 obtained as above are stacked in order of the first heat exchange unit U1, the third heat exchange unit U3, the fourth heat exchange unit U4, and the second heat exchange unit U2 from the upper side. Further, the upper end plate 3 is placed on an upper surface of the first heat exchange unit U1, the lower end plate 4 is placed on a lower surface of the second heat exchange unit U2, and the heat exchange units U1 to U4 and the upper and lower end plates 3 and 4 are bonded to each other by diffusion-bonding.
  • the multilayer heat exchanger 2a is formed.
  • a fluid supply hole 1IN, a fluid discharge hole 1OUT, a fluid supply hole 3IN, a fluid discharge hole 30UT, a cooling water hole IN, and a cooling water hole OUT are opened as well as the first flow passage plate P1.
  • a fluid supply hole 2IN, a fluid discharge hole 20UT, a fluid supply hole 4IN, and a fluid discharge hole 40UT are opened.
  • the A-A section is a plane including the fluid supply hole 1IN and the fluid discharge hole 30UT in the upper end plate 3 and the fluid supply hole 4IN and the fluid discharge hole 20UT in the lower end plate 4, showing a sectional view of the time when the multilayer heat exchanger 2a is cut in the stacking direction.
  • the C-C section is a plane including the fluid supply hole 3IN and the fluid discharge hole 1OUT in the upper end plate 3 and the fluid supply hole 2IN and the fluid discharge hole 40UT in the lower end plate 4, showing a sectional view of the time when the multilayer heat exchanger 2a is cut in the stacking direction.
  • the fluid supply hole 1IN and the fluid discharge hole 1OUT are formed on one diagonal line, and the fluid supply hole 3IN and the fluid discharge hole 30UT are formed on the other diagonal line. Therefore, the fluid supply hole 1IN shown in the A-A section and the fluid discharge hole 1OUT shown in the C-C section corresponding to the fluid supply hole 1IN are formed in such a manner that an interior of the first heat exchange unit U1 directly communicates with an exterior along the stacking direction of the heat exchange units in the sections.
  • the fluid supply hole 3IN shown in the C-C section and the fluid discharge hole 30UT shown in the A-A section corresponding to the fluid supply hole 3IN are formed so as to penetrate the first heat exchange unit U1 in such a manner that an interior of the third heat exchange unit U3 directly communicates with the exterior along the stacking direction of the heat exchange units in the sections.
  • the fluid supply hole 4IN and the fluid discharge hole 40UT are formed on one diagonal line, and the fluid supply hole 2IN and the fluid discharge hole 20UT are formed on the other diagonal line. Therefore, the fluid supply hole 4IN shown in the A-A section and the fluid discharge hole 40UT shown in the C-C section corresponding to the fluid supply hole 4IN are formed so as to penetrate the second heat exchange unit U2 in such a manner that an interior of the fourth heat exchange unit U4 directly communicates with the exterior along the stacking direction of the heat exchange units in the sections.
  • fluid supply hole 2IN shown in the C-C section and the fluid discharge hole 20UT shown in the A-A section corresponding to the fluid supply hole 2IN are formed in such a manner that an interior of the second heat exchange unit U2 directly communicates with the exterior along the stacking direction of the heat exchange units in the sections.
  • the B-B section of the multilayer heat exchanger 2a shown in Fig. 3 will be referred to.
  • the B-B section is a plane including the cooling water hole IN and the cooling water hole OUT in the upper end plate 3, showing a sectional view of the time when the multilayer heat exchanger 2a is cut in the stacking direction.
  • the cooling water hole IN and the cooling water hole OUT are formed on a B-B line along the longitudinal direction of the upper end plate 3. Therefore, both the cooling water hole IN and the cooling water hole OUT are formed in all the heat exchange units U1 to U4 of the multilayer heat exchanger 2a in the B-B section.
  • the fluid supply hole (supply hole) through which the fluid is supplied to each of the heat exchange units and the fluid discharge hole (discharge hole) through which the supplied fluid is discharged are provided in each of the plurality of heat exchange units U1 to U4. It can be said that the supply holes and the discharge holes provided in the heat exchange units are formed with length to directly communicate with the exterior along the stacking direction of the heat exchange units U1 to U4 in such a manner that arrangement positions thereof in a plan view seen from the upper end plate 3 and the lower end plate 4 are not overlapped with each other. Since such a structure is adopted, there is no need for partition walls and the like for maintaining pressure between the heat exchange units.
  • each of the compressors in one-to-one correspondence with each of the heat exchange units is connected to each of the heat exchange units U1 to U4 of the multilayer heat exchanger 2a in which the fluid supply holes and the fluid discharge holes are formed as described above. That is, a discharge port of the first compressor C1 is connected to the fluid supply hole 1IN of the upper end plate 3, and the fluid discharge hole 1OUT of the upper end plate 3 is connected to a suction port of the second compressor C2.
  • a discharge port of the second compressor C2 is connected to the fluid supply hole 2IN of the lower end plate 4, and the fluid discharge hole 20UT of the lower end plate 4 is connected to a suction port of the third compressor C3.
  • a discharge port of the third compressor C3 is connected to the fluid supply hole 3IN of the upper end plate 3, and the fluid discharge hole 30UT of the upper end plate 3 is connected to a suction port of the fourth compressor C4.
  • a discharge port of the fourth compressor C4 is connected to the fluid supply hole 4IN of the lower end plate 4, and the fluid discharge hole 40UT of the lower end plate 4 is connected to a charge port of a tank or a cylinder.
  • a cooling water discharge port of a cooling water supply pump is connected to the cooling water hole IN of the upper end plate 3, and a drainpipe is connected to the cooling water hole OUT.
  • Fig. 3 shows a flow of the cooling water.
  • the cooling water supply pump is operated so as to continuously supply the cooling water from the cooling water hole IN of the upper end plate 3 of the multilayer heat exchanger 2a.
  • the supplied cooling water flows into the flow passages of the cooling plates of the heat exchange units from the cooling water hole IN penetrating from the first heat exchange unit U1 of the uppermost layer to the second heat exchange unit U2 of the lowermost layer, and is discharged to the cooling water hole OUT penetrating from the first heat exchange unit U1 of the uppermost layer to the second heat exchange unit U2 of the lowermost layer while filling the flow passages.
  • the cooling water Since the cooling water is continuously supplied by the cooling water supply pump, the cooling water discharged to the cooling water hole OUT through the flow passages of the cooling plates CP1 is brought out from the cooling water hole OUT of the upper end plate 3 and discharged to the drainpipe. In such a way, the flow of the cooling water in all the cooling plates CP1 of the heat exchange units U1 to U4 is ensured.
  • the first compressor C1 serving as a first-step machine compresses the hydrogen gas.
  • the hydrogen gas in which pressure is boosted and a temperature is also increased is fed from the discharge port of the first compressor C1 to the fluid supply hole 1IN of the upper end plate 3.
  • the hydrogen gas supplied to the fluid supply hole 1IN flows into the flow passages of the first flow passage plate P1 of the first heat exchange unit U1 as a hydrogen gas flow (1). While flowing through the flow passages of the first flow passage plate P1, the high-temperature hydrogen gas flowing into the first flow passage plate P1 is cooled by heat exchange with the cooling water flowing through the cooling plates CP1 which are stacked on the upper and lower sides of the first flow passage plate.
  • the hydrogen gas flow (1) cooled in the first heat exchange unit U1 is discharged from the flow passages of the first flow passage plate P1 to the fluid discharge hole 1OUT, and flows into the suction port of the second compressor C2 serving as a second-step machine from the fluid discharge hole 1OUT of the upper end plate 3.
  • the second compressor C2 compresses the hydrogen gas, and the hydrogen gas in which the pressure and the temperature are increased is fed from the discharge port of the second compressor C2 to the fluid supply hole 2IN of the lower end plate 4.
  • the hydrogen gas supplied to the fluid supply hole 2IN flows into the flow passages of the second flow passage plate P2 of the second heat exchange unit U2 as a hydrogen gas flow (2). While flowing through the flow passages of the second flow passage plate P2, the high-temperature hydrogen gas flowing into the second flow passage plate P2 is cooled by heat exchange with the cooling water flowing through the cooling plates CP1 which are stacked on the upper and lower sides of the second flow passage plate.
  • the hydrogen gas flow (2) cooled in the second heat exchange unit U2 is discharged from the flow passages of the second flow passage plate P2 to the fluid discharge hole 20UT, and flows into the suction port of the third compressor C3 serving as a third-step machine from the fluid discharge hole 20UT of the lower end plate 4.
  • the third compressor C3 further compresses the hydrogen gas compressed by the first compressor C1 and the second compressor C2, and the hydrogen gas in which the pressure and the temperature are increased is fed from the discharge port of the third compressor C3 to the fluid supply hole 3IN of the upper end plate 3.
  • the hydrogen gas supplied to the fluid supply hole 3IN flows into the flow passages of the third flow passage plate P3 of the third heat exchange unit U3 as a hydrogen gas flow (3). While flowing through the flow passages of the third flow passage plate P3, the high-temperature hydrogen gas flowing into the third flow passage plate P3 is cooled by heat exchange with the cooling water flowing through the cooling plates CP1 which are stacked on the upper and lower sides of the third flow passage plate.
  • the hydrogen gas flow (3) cooled in the third heat exchange unit U3 is discharged from the flow passages of the third flow passage plate P3 to the fluid discharge hole 30UT, and flows into the suction port of the fourth compressor C4 serving as a fourth- or final-step machine from the fluid discharge hole 30UT of the upper end plate 3.
  • the fourth compressor C4 further compresses the hydrogen gas compressed up to the third compressor C3 at targeted pressure, and the hydrogen gas in which the pressure and the temperature are increased is fed from the discharge port of the fourth compressor C4 to the fluid supply hole 4IN of the lower end plate 4.
  • the hydrogen gas supplied to the fluid supply hole 4IN flows into the flow passages of the fourth flow passage plate P4 of the fourth heat exchange unit U4 as a hydrogen gas flow (4). While flowing through the flow passages of the fourth flow passage plate P4, the high-temperature hydrogen gas flowing into the fourth flow passage plate P4 is cooled by heat exchange with the cooling water flowing through the cooling plates CP1 which are stacked on the upper and lower sides of the fourth flow passage plate.
  • the hydrogen gas flow (4) cooled in the fourth heat exchange unit U4 is discharged from the flow passages of the fourth flow passage plate P4 to the fluid discharge hole 40UT, and supplied to and charged in the charge port of the tank or the cylinder from the fluid discharge hole 40UT of the lower end plate 4.
  • the multilayer heat exchanger 2a formed by stacking and integrating the plurality of heat exchange units U1 to U4 is used, and every time when the fluid is compressed by the compressors, heat exchange of the fluid compressed by the plurality of compressors C1 to C4 in multiple steps is performed in the corresponding heat exchange unit.
  • An A-A section of Fig. 6 shows a differential pressure between the upper end plate 3 and the first heat exchange unit U1, differential pressures between the heat exchange units adjacent to each other, and a differential pressure between the second heat exchange unit U2 and the lower end plate 4 ( ⁇ P).
  • the differential pressure between the upper end plate 3 and the first heat exchange unit U1 is 5 MPa
  • the differential pressure between the first heat exchange unit U1 and the third heat exchange unit U3 is 20 MPa
  • the differential pressure between the third heat exchange unit U3 and the fourth heat exchange unit U4 is 30 MPa
  • the differential pressure between the fourth heat exchange unit U4 and the second heat exchange unit U2 is 40 MPa
  • the differential pressure between the second heat exchange unit U2 and the lower end plate 4 is 10 MPa.
  • a correspondence relationship between each of the compressors and each of the heat exchange units is desirably determined in such a manner that the sum of the differential pressures of the multilayer heat exchanger 2a becomes minimum.
  • the first heat exchange unit U1 is in one-to-one correspondence with the first compressor C1.
  • the first heat exchange unit may correspond to any of the second to fourth compressors C2 to C4 other than the first compressor C1.
  • the hydrogen gas passes through the first compressor C1, the second heat exchange unit U2, the second compressor C2, the fourth heat exchange unit U4, the third compressor C3, the first heat exchange unit U1, the fourth compressor C4, and the third heat exchange unit U3 in this order, and is supplied to and charged in the charge port of the tank or the cylinder.
  • a configuration of a multilayer heat exchanger 2b formed by stacking the six heat exchange units U1 to U6 is different from the configuration of the multilayer heat exchanger 2a according to the first embodiment.
  • the configuration will be described in detail below.
  • the multilayer heat exchanger 2b according to the present embodiment is different from the multilayer heat exchanger 2a according to the first embodiment in terms that a configuration of a cooling plate CP2 is different from the cooling plate CP1 of the multilayer heat exchanger 2a according to the first embodiment, and the fifth heat exchange unit U5 and the sixth heat exchange unit U6 are added.
  • the configurations of the first to fourth flow passage plates P1 to P4 and the upper and lower end plates 3 and 4 are the same as the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 7 shows the configuration of the cooling plate CP2 used for the multilayer heat exchanger 2b according to the present embodiment.
  • the cooling plate CP2 shown in Fig. 7 is a plate in which a cooling water hole IN for flow passages is opened on the side of one long side along the longitudinal direction of the cooling plate CP2, and a cooling water hole OUT for the flow passages is opened on the side of the other long side.
  • the cooling water hole IN and the cooling water hole OUT are formed at positions substantially along the diagonal direction of the cooling plate CP2.
  • the plurality of flow passages is formed in the cooling plate CP2 so as to meander in the width direction of the cooling plate CP2 and connect the cooling water hole IN and the cooling water hole OUT.
  • the cooling plate CP2 has through holes capable of corresponding to fluid supply holes 1IN to 4IN, fluid discharge holes 1OUT to 40UT, fluid supply holes 5IN and 6IN described later, and fluid discharge holes 50UT and 60UT on the both end sides in the longitudinal direction.
  • the first heat exchange unit U1 is formed by stacking the first flow passage plates P1 and the second heat exchange unit U2 is formed by stacking the second flow passage plates P2. Further, the third heat exchange unit U3 is formed by stacking the third flow passage plates P3 and the fourth heat exchange unit U4 is formed by stacking the fourth flow passage plates P4.
  • a fifth flow passage plate P5 and a sixth flow passage plate P6 have the substantially same configuration as the cooling plate CP1 according to the first embodiment.
  • the cooling water hole OUT in the cooling plate CP1 according to the first embodiment acts as the hole 5IN in the fifth flow passage plate P5, and the cooling water hole IN acts as the hole 5OUT.
  • the sixth flow passage plate P6 is provided with the fluid supply hole 6IN and the fluid discharge hole 6OUT.
  • the fifth heat exchange unit U5 is formed by using the cooling plates CP2 and the fifth flow passage plates P5
  • the sixth heat exchange unit U6 is formed by using the cooling plates CP2 and the sixth flow passage plates P6.
  • the heat exchange units U1 to U6 obtained as above are stacked in order of the first heat exchange unit U1, the third heat exchange unit U3, the sixth heat exchange unit U6, the fourth heat exchange unit U4, the fifth heat exchange unit U5, and the second heat exchange unit U2 from the upper side. Further, the upper end plate 3 is placed on the upper surface of the first heat exchange unit U1, the lower end plate 4 is placed on the lower surface of the second heat exchange unit U2, and the heat exchange units U1 to U6 and the upper and lower end plates 3 and 4 are bonded to each other by diffusion-bonding.
  • the multilayer heat exchanger 2b according to the present embodiment is formed.
  • the fluid supply hole 1IN, the fluid discharge hole 1OUT, the fluid supply hole 3IN, the fluid discharge hole 30UT, and the holes 6IN and 60UT are opened as well as the first flow passage plate P1.
  • the fluid supply hole 2IN, the fluid discharge hole 20UT, the fluid supply hole 4IN, the fluid discharge hole 40UT, and the holes 5IN and 50UT are opened.
  • the fourth flow passage plate P4 there may be no through holes corresponding to the fluid supply holes 5IN and 6IN and the fluid discharge holes 50UT and 6OUT.
  • the cooling water hole IN and the cooling water hole OUT of the cooling plates CP2 are opened along the vertical height direction of the multilayer heat exchanger 2b on the sides of the multilayer heat exchanger 2b.
  • Headers 5 for forming the common flow passages for the cooling water hole IN and the cooling water hole OUT along the vertical height direction of the multilayer heat exchanger 2b are attached to the cooling water hole IN and the cooling water hole OUT. Therefore, the cooling water supplied to the header 5 on the side of the cooling water hole IN flows into the flow passages from the cooling water hole IN of each of the stacked cooling water plates CP2.
  • the cooling water flowing out from the cooling water hole IN of each of the cooling plates CP2 is discharged through the header 5 on the side of the cooling water hole IN.
  • the fluid supply hole (supply hole) through which the fluid is supplied to each of the heat exchange units and the fluid discharge hole (discharge hole) through which the supplied fluid is discharged are also provided in each of the plurality of heat exchange units U1 to U6 of the multilayer heat exchanger 2b. It can be said that the supply holes and the discharge holes provided in the heat exchange units are formed with length to directly communicate with the exterior along the stacking direction of the heat exchange units U1 to U6 in such a manner that arrangement positions thereof in a plan view seen from the upper end plate 3 and the lower end plate 4 are not overlapped with each other.
  • the hydrogen gas is compressed in six steps with using the above multilayer heat exchanger 2b and the six compressors C1 to C6.
  • the first heat exchange unit U1 corresponds to the first compressor C1
  • the second heat exchange unit U2 corresponds to the second compressor C2, ...
  • the fifth heat exchange unit U5 corresponds to the fifth compressor C5
  • the sixth heat exchange unit U6 corresponds to the sixth compressor C6 in order, so as to form the six-step heat exchange system 1b in which the six compressors C1 to C6 are connected in series via the multilayer heat exchanger 2b.
  • the hydrogen gas passes through the heat exchange system 1b as any of hydrogen gas flows (1) to (6), the hydrogen gas is pressurized at targeted pressure by receiving compression in six steps.
  • the heat exchange system 1b is preferably formed in such a manner that the sum of differential pressures of the heat exchange units adjacent to each other is minimum.
  • the four-step compression in which the four compressors C1 to C4 and the four heat exchange units U1 to U4 are connected in series is described in the first embodiment, a configuration that two of a two-step compression in which two compressors and two heat exchange units are connected in series are placed in parallel can also be adopted. Needless to say, a configuration that a one-step compression and a three-step compression are placed in parallel can also be adopted.
  • the hydrogen gas is shown as an example of the fluid of the heat exchange systems 1a and 1b.
  • the fluid is not limited to the hydrogen gas but other gases or liquids can be adopted.
  • a cooling medium supplied to the cooling plates CP1 and CP2 can be appropriately changed in accordance with a type of the supplied fluid. Since the present invention is also the heat exchange system, the fluid may be heated by making a heating medium flow and using the cooling plate as a heating plate.
  • a plurality of heat exchange units for performing heat exchange of a fluid fed from a plurality of compressors is stacked.
  • Each of the heat exchange units has a structure that pluralities of flow passage plates and cooling plates are stacked. Concave grooves formed on surfaces are formed as flow passages of the fluid in the flow passage plates and cooling plates.
  • the flow passage plates and cooling plates are made of metal, the flow passages are formed by chemical etching, and the stacked metal flow passage plates and cooling plates are bonded to each other by diffusion-bonding. Further, each of the heat exchange units is in one-to-one correspondence with each of the compressors.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
EP13151567.8A 2012-01-31 2013-01-17 Échangeur thermique multicouche et système d'échange de chaleur Active EP2623910B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2012018128A JP5943619B2 (ja) 2012-01-31 2012-01-31 積層型熱交換器及び熱交換システム

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2623910A2 true EP2623910A2 (fr) 2013-08-07
EP2623910A3 EP2623910A3 (fr) 2018-04-11
EP2623910B1 EP2623910B1 (fr) 2020-09-02

Family

ID=47561420

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13151567.8A Active EP2623910B1 (fr) 2012-01-31 2013-01-17 Échangeur thermique multicouche et système d'échange de chaleur

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20130192806A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2623910B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5943619B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20130088803A (fr)
CN (1) CN103225974B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3438591A4 (fr) * 2016-03-31 2019-11-27 Sumitomo Precision Products Co., Ltd. Échangeur de chaleur de type à liaison par diffusion

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101376531B1 (ko) 2012-11-22 2014-03-19 주식회사 코헥스 천연가스 추진선박용 액화천연가스 기화 시스템
USD736361S1 (en) * 2013-02-22 2015-08-11 The Abell Foundation, Inc. Evaporator heat exchanger plate
USD735842S1 (en) * 2013-02-22 2015-08-04 The Abell Foundation, Inc. Condenser heat exchanger plate
JP2015045251A (ja) * 2013-08-28 2015-03-12 株式会社神戸製鋼所 圧縮装置
JP6839975B2 (ja) * 2015-12-28 2021-03-10 株式会社神戸製鋼所 中間媒体式気化器
WO2017115723A1 (fr) * 2015-12-28 2017-07-06 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Carburateur de fluide intermédiaire
CN111051805A (zh) * 2017-08-29 2020-04-21 株式会社威工 换热器
JP6865934B2 (ja) * 2018-07-18 2021-04-28 オリオン機械株式会社 プレート式熱交換器
KR102561533B1 (ko) 2018-09-28 2023-07-31 엘지이노텍 주식회사 카메라 장치
US20220155031A1 (en) * 2019-03-28 2022-05-19 Zhejiang Sanhua Automotive Components Co., Ltd. Heat exchanger and heat exchange device
KR102140781B1 (ko) * 2019-06-04 2020-08-03 두산중공업 주식회사 열교환장치 및 이를 포함하는 가스 터빈
CN112935507B (zh) * 2021-01-29 2022-06-21 中国石油大学(华东) 一种印刷电路板式换热器芯体的扩散焊接工艺
KR102699789B1 (ko) * 2022-09-27 2024-08-27 엔지케이 인슐레이터 엘티디 웨이퍼 배치대

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000283668A (ja) 1999-03-30 2000-10-13 Ebara Corp プレート式熱交換器及びそれを用いた溶液熱交換器

Family Cites Families (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2875986A (en) * 1957-04-12 1959-03-03 Ferrotherm Company Heat exchanger
US3255817A (en) * 1962-10-16 1966-06-14 Desalination Plants Plate type heat exchanger
US3334399A (en) * 1962-12-31 1967-08-08 Stewart Warner Corp Brazed laminated construction and method of fabrication thereof
US4347896A (en) * 1979-10-01 1982-09-07 Rockwell International Corporation Internally manifolded unibody plate for a plate/fin-type heat exchanger
AU568940B2 (en) * 1984-07-25 1988-01-14 University Of Sydney, The Plate type heat exchanger
US5392849A (en) * 1990-09-28 1995-02-28 Matsushita Refrigeration Company Layer-built heat exchanger
US5141543A (en) * 1991-04-26 1992-08-25 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Use of liquefied natural gas (LNG) coupled with a cold expander to produce liquid nitrogen
US5137558A (en) * 1991-04-26 1992-08-11 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Liquefied natural gas refrigeration transfer to a cryogenics air separation unit using high presure nitrogen stream
US5462113A (en) * 1994-06-20 1995-10-31 Flatplate, Inc. Three-circuit stacked plate heat exchanger
SE9700614D0 (sv) * 1997-02-21 1997-02-21 Alfa Laval Ab Plattvärmeväxlare för tre värmeväxlande fluider
JP3858484B2 (ja) * 1998-11-24 2006-12-13 松下電器産業株式会社 積層式熱交換器
JP3936088B2 (ja) * 1998-12-08 2007-06-27 大阪瓦斯株式会社 三流体用プレート式熱交換器、及び、その製造方法
US6357396B1 (en) * 2000-06-15 2002-03-19 Aqua-Chem, Inc. Plate type heat exchanger for exhaust gas heat recovery
JP4082029B2 (ja) * 2001-12-28 2008-04-30 ダイキン工業株式会社 プレート式熱交換器
US6866955B2 (en) * 2002-05-22 2005-03-15 General Motors Corporation Cooling system for a fuel cell stack
US6948559B2 (en) * 2003-02-19 2005-09-27 Modine Manufacturing Company Three-fluid evaporative heat exchanger
AU2003902200A0 (en) * 2003-05-06 2003-05-22 Meggitt (Uk) Ltd Heat exchanger core
DE10328746A1 (de) * 2003-06-25 2005-01-13 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zum mehrstufigen Wärmeaustausch und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer derartigen Vorrichtung
JP2005241049A (ja) * 2004-02-24 2005-09-08 Calsonic Kansei Corp 熱交換器
JP2006125767A (ja) * 2004-10-29 2006-05-18 Tokyo Institute Of Technology 熱交換器
JP2006322692A (ja) * 2005-05-20 2006-11-30 Ebara Corp 蒸気発生器、及び排熱発電装置
SE528886C2 (sv) * 2005-08-26 2007-03-06 Swep Int Ab Ändplatta
US8191615B2 (en) * 2006-11-24 2012-06-05 Dana Canada Corporation Linked heat exchangers having three fluids
US20080156466A1 (en) * 2007-01-03 2008-07-03 Alfa Laval Corporate Ab Plate Heat Exchanger With Auxiliary Fluid Circuit
JP5221070B2 (ja) * 2007-07-26 2013-06-26 株式会社豊田中央研究所 積層型流路要素の製造方法及び積層型流路要素
DE102009050482B4 (de) * 2009-10-23 2011-09-01 Voith Patent Gmbh Wärmeübertragerplatte und Verdampfer mit einer solchen
WO2011139425A2 (fr) * 2010-04-29 2011-11-10 Carrier Corporation Système de compression de vapeur de fluide frigorigène comportant un refroidisseur intermédiaire
US8544294B2 (en) * 2011-07-11 2013-10-01 Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated Plate-based adsorption chiller subassembly

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000283668A (ja) 1999-03-30 2000-10-13 Ebara Corp プレート式熱交換器及びそれを用いた溶液熱交換器

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3438591A4 (fr) * 2016-03-31 2019-11-27 Sumitomo Precision Products Co., Ltd. Échangeur de chaleur de type à liaison par diffusion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103225974A (zh) 2013-07-31
KR20130088803A (ko) 2013-08-08
CN103225974B (zh) 2015-12-23
JP5943619B2 (ja) 2016-07-05
EP2623910B1 (fr) 2020-09-02
US20130192806A1 (en) 2013-08-01
JP2013155971A (ja) 2013-08-15
EP2623910A3 (fr) 2018-04-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2623910A2 (fr) Échangeur thermique multicouche et système d'échange de chaleur
US10399191B2 (en) Method for producing a heat exchanger module having at least two fluid flow circuits
CN110720021B (zh) 具有集成式抽气换热器的换热器
EP1616610A1 (fr) Echangeur de chaleur à plaques avec dispositif d'évacuation de condensat et son procédé de fabrication
KR20160025589A (ko) 수소 가스의 냉각 방법 및 수소 가스의 냉각 시스템
EP2219004A2 (fr) Collecteur d'échangeur de chaleur à plusieurs chambres et procédé de fabrication
CN108885072B (zh) 热交换器
JP6321067B2 (ja) 拡散接合型熱交換器
JP6964896B2 (ja) 熱交換器
US20230272789A1 (en) Process for internally cooling an inline compressor
US20180045469A1 (en) Heat exchanger device
JPWO2016038830A1 (ja) 熱交換装置
CA2584109A1 (fr) Collecteur pour assemblage de piles a combustible
JP6865934B2 (ja) プレート式熱交換器
KR20190075466A (ko) 중간 플레이트를 포함하는 인쇄기판형 열교환기
EP2667136A1 (fr) Échangeur de chaleur du type stratifié et système de pompe à chaleur le comportant
EP3819063A1 (fr) Méthod de fabrication pour dispositifs monolithiques hydrauliques ayant la forme d'un solide de revolution, notamment pour échangeurs de chaleur
JP6162836B2 (ja) 熱交換器
EP2853850B1 (fr) Appareil de compression
CN112033196B (zh) 一种低压气-液两相流冷板
JPH0579785A (ja) 積層熱交換器
EP3572754A1 (fr) Échangeur de chaleur
CN118391943A (zh) 换热器
KR20040103259A (ko) 적층형 열교환기
KR20080037184A (ko) 고압용 열교환기

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20130117

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: F28D 9/00 20060101AFI20180307BHEP

Ipc: F04D 29/58 20060101ALI20180307BHEP

Ipc: F28F 3/08 20060101ALI20180307BHEP

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20191031

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20200506

GRAJ Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

GRAR Information related to intention to grant a patent recorded

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR71

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

INTC Intention to grant announced (deleted)
AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20200728

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1309328

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20200915

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602013072080

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20201203

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20201202

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20201202

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20200902

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 1309328

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20200902

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210104

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210102

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602013072080

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20210603

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210117

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20210131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210131

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210117

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20130117

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230523

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20231130

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20231212

Year of fee payment: 12

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20231128

Year of fee payment: 12

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200902