EP2621814B1 - Apparatus and method for dosing a bulk good - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for dosing a bulk good Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2621814B1
EP2621814B1 EP11763729.8A EP11763729A EP2621814B1 EP 2621814 B1 EP2621814 B1 EP 2621814B1 EP 11763729 A EP11763729 A EP 11763729A EP 2621814 B1 EP2621814 B1 EP 2621814B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bulk material
outlet
container
conveyor
metering
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11763729.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2621814A1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Kleiner
René HAID
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buehler AG
Original Assignee
Buehler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Buehler AG filed Critical Buehler AG
Priority to EP11763729.8A priority Critical patent/EP2621814B1/en
Publication of EP2621814A1 publication Critical patent/EP2621814A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2621814B1 publication Critical patent/EP2621814B1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B1/00Packaging fluent solid material, e.g. powders, granular or loose fibrous material, loose masses of small articles, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
    • B65B1/30Devices or methods for controlling or determining the quantity or quality or the material fed or filled
    • B65B1/36Devices or methods for controlling or determining the quantity or quality or the material fed or filled by volumetric devices or methods
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B1/00Packaging fluent solid material, e.g. powders, granular or loose fibrous material, loose masses of small articles, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
    • B65B1/04Methods of, or means for, filling the material into the containers or receptacles
    • B65B1/10Methods of, or means for, filling the material into the containers or receptacles by rotary feeders
    • B65B1/12Methods of, or means for, filling the material into the containers or receptacles by rotary feeders of screw type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B1/00Packaging fluent solid material, e.g. powders, granular or loose fibrous material, loose masses of small articles, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
    • B65B1/30Devices or methods for controlling or determining the quantity or quality or the material fed or filled
    • B65B1/32Devices or methods for controlling or determining the quantity or quality or the material fed or filled by weighing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B43/00Forming, feeding, opening or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging
    • B65B43/42Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
    • B65B43/54Means for supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
    • B65B43/60Means for supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation rotatable
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/04Applying separate sealing or securing members, e.g. clips
    • B65B51/08Applying binding material, e.g. to twisted bag necks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B43/00Forming, feeding, opening or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging
    • B65B43/42Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
    • B65B43/46Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation using grippers
    • B65B43/465Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation using grippers for bags

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for metering and compressing bulk material and in particular the use of the device for metering bulk material with the features of the preamble of the independent claim.
  • the DE 197 34 109 A1 is a device for dosing and dispensing a quantity of contents known.
  • the device has a plurality of screw feeders, which are each connected by means of a flexible piece of hose with a through-chamber.
  • the passage chamber is designed to be horizontally movable, so that it can be moved synchronously with a packaging container via a specific conveying path. An outlet of the passage chamber is thus over the specific conveyor line in a relatively fixed position to the packaging container.
  • a material compacting apparatus for recyclable waste material is known.
  • a housing In a housing is a screw conveyor, which takes over the waste material from a job site, compressed during a carriage and delivers after compression to a collecting space.
  • WO 2010/052325 A1 is a bulk bagging known with a vibrating device for compacting dosed bulk material.
  • this device has the disadvantage that when dosing a particular floury bulk material, a strong dust may occur.
  • the additionally necessary shaking device often makes the device for metering slower, since an additional process step is necessary, as well as more complex and therefore more expensive to manufacture.
  • this device has the disadvantage that the device is structurally complicated by the necessary evacuation and also the process for dosing a bulk material is more complicated to perform.
  • the device according to the invention for dosing and compacting bulk material comprises a conveyor for dosing the bulk material. Furthermore, the device comprises a measuring device for measuring at least one measured variable and a receiving device for receiving a container, in particular a bag.
  • the conveyor has an outlet for the bulk material.
  • the receiving device and the outlet can be positioned relative to one another as a function of the measured variable.
  • the outlet and the receiving device are controllable and / or controllably positionable.
  • the receiving device and the outlet are continuously positioned relative to each other at least in a period of dosing.
  • This device is used to carry out a method described below.
  • a device which receives the container and / or supports.
  • a container can be suspended and / or set up.
  • the receiving device may for example comprise a clamping device for hanging a bag or be designed as a movable bottom surface for a bag, wherein the bag is only placed on the bottom surface or additionally fixed in the region of the filling opening, in particular clamped is.
  • a sack is understood to mean a container having at least flexible side walls and in particular a flexible bottom.
  • a sack may thus be made of fabric such as cotton, plastic such as polyester and paper, or any combination thereof as known to those skilled in the art, with side walls and bottom made of this material.
  • a sack may have a non-flexible bottom made of, for example, plastic and / or metal with side walls of, for example, cotton and / or polyester as flexible side walls.
  • the embodiment according to the invention has the advantage that the outlet of the conveyor and the receiving device can be positioned relative to one another in such a way that the generation of dust in the environment during dosing is minimized as much as possible and at the same time the compacting of the metered bulk material can be improved.
  • a large distance can be adjusted to achieve the largest possible delivery rate of the bulk material by the conveyor, whereupon the distance to the bottom of the container is reduced for final compaction by the dosed from the conveyor bulk material.
  • This method is preferably to be used with bulk materials that have no large dust during dosing.
  • Another advantage of the inventive design of the device is a simplified construction, since neither means for generating vacuum are still necessary vibrating devices for compaction. This also has the advantage that due to the lack of compaction by means of a vibrator dosing can be done faster because in particular no additional process step is necessary.
  • the device has, as described above and below, input means for setting at least one operating parameter for the metering of the bulk material.
  • Operating parameters are at least one of the following parameters or a combination of these: type of bulk material; volume of the bulk material to be metered; weight to be dosed; Delivery rate of the conveyor; Dosing total duration; relative positioning of outlet and receiver at the beginning of dosing.
  • the relative positioning of the outlet and receiver at the beginning of the dosing operation is dependent on the bulk material to be dosed, so that the optimum relative positioning of the outlet and receiver is automatically adjusted by the apparatus, depending on the type of bulk material selected or preset can.
  • the metering of the bulk material can be designed in particular according to a variant as a continuous metering of the bulk material. This means that from a reservoir of bulk material respectively the required amount, ie weight and / or volume, is filled into the container, wherein in particular the already metered volume and / or weight should be measured.
  • the metering of the bulk material may be carried out in particular in a batch process, i. that the quantities of bulk material to be metered are already portioned in an earlier process step, so that monitoring of the already metered amount of bulk material during the metering is not necessary.
  • At least one of the following measured variables can be measured for the relative positioning of receiving device and outlet: current consumption of the conveyor; Weight of the dosed bulk material; Filling level of the bulk material in the container; metering; metered volume of the bulk material.
  • the current consumption of the conveyor which is an indicator of the resistance of the bulk material to be metered and thus indicates the relative positioning of receiving device and outlet as a function of this parameter can be used as a measure for relative positioning, in particular, the relative positioning can be regulated.
  • the weight of the metered bulk material can be determined, for example, with a balance mounted in and / or on the receiving device.
  • the example of a Reservoir dosed weight of the bulk material can be determined by means of a scale for determining the weight loss of the reservoir or even with a differential scale according to the WO 2010/052325 A1 ,
  • the filling level can be determined, for example, by means of a filling level sensor and / or a camera.
  • the metered volume of the bulk material can be determined, for example, via an adjustable delivery rate of bulk material on the conveyor by means of the measured metering time, so that the volume of the bulk material to be metered is reached after the total metering time has been reached.
  • the metered volume can also be determined from the weight of the metered bulk material.
  • the weight of the metered bulk material, a filling level of the bulk material in the container or a metering time can be correlated, for example, with previously stored data in, for example, in the device data processing means, so that an optimal positioning between outlet and receiving device is adjustable, the outlet and recording device in particular controllably positioned are.
  • a combination of the different measures for positioning of recording device and outlet is used to further improve the compaction and / or the prevention of dust.
  • the receiving device has a positioning device, so that the receiving device can be positioned relative to the outlet and in particular that the outlet is firmly positioned.
  • a positioning device in the sense of the present application is for example a combination of guide rails along which the receiving device is movable and a drive, for example an electric motor, in particular a servomotor, or else a pneumatic system.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that only the position of the receiving device is to be positioned relative to the outlet, which reduces the design complexity and thus makes the device less expensive. This is particularly assisted by the fixedly positioned outlet, i. immovable outlet, which simplifies positioning and thus increases the precision of positioning.
  • this embodiment has the further advantage that, in the case of a fixed outlet to the conveyor, not the entire metering device, i. the conveyor with drive, must be moved, since this usually has a high weight.
  • the positioning device can be simplified and is energetically cheaper to operate in operation.
  • the conveyor is designed as a screw conveyor, wherein the receiving device and the outlet in dependence of a measured torque are positioned relative to each other.
  • torque sensor for example, indirectly the measured current consumption of the screw conveyor for dosing or also known to those skilled strain gauges are.
  • the delivery rate of bulk material is essentially dependent on the speed of the screw. In doing so, the rate of delivery, i. adjust the volume delivered per unit time, of bulk material.
  • the current consumption of the screw conveyor changes depending on a conveying resistance of the bulk material.
  • the delivery resistance which is also referred to as flow resistance, depends, for example, on the filling level of bulk material in the container and the relative positioning of the outlet of the screw conveyor and the receiving device with the container.
  • the conveyor is arranged such that the conveying direction of the bulk material in the conveyor is substantially parallel to the action of gravity.
  • substantially parallel to the effect of gravity means that the conveyor is arranged substantially vertically.
  • substantially parallel to the effect of gravity means that the conveying direction and in particular the axis of a screw of the screw conveyor has an angle of ⁇ 20 °, preferably ⁇ 10 ° and particularly preferably ⁇ 5 ° to the effect of gravity.
  • the receiving device can be positioned in the conveying direction relative to the outlet.
  • the receiving device can only be positioned substantially parallel to the effect of gravity.
  • the receiving device is designed such that the outlet can engage in the container during dosing.
  • the receiving device has a fastening device for fastening the filling opening.
  • This fastening device is designed such that the filling opening of the container is formed so that the outlet can intervene in the container and also air that is displaced by the metered bulk material can escape from the container.
  • the receiving device has a support device for supporting a bottom of the container.
  • This support device is designed in particular as a bearing surface.
  • the device preferably has a compacting device arranged between the bottom and the filling opening during operation for compacting the bulk material during dosing, wherein the compacting device is fixed relative to the outlet.
  • the compacting device is arranged between the floor and fastening device.
  • a compacting device is understood to be a device by means of which, at least during the metering of the bulk material into the container, the compaction of the metered bulk material is improved. This can be done for example by means of constriction of the container between the bottom and fastening device and / or arranged by means of a diaphragm between the bottom and fastening device, wherein the aperture has a cross-section substantially complementary to the filling opening and can engage in the container; when using a non-neckable container, it is advantageous to use only one aperture.
  • the arrangement of a compacting device has the advantage that the compaction is improved during dosing and thereby the control and / or regulation of the position of the outlet in dependence on the measured variable such as the torque and / or the power consumption of the conveyor is ensured. Under certain circumstances, it is possible that without the arrangement of the compacting bulk material along the conveyor to the filling opening of the container can rise, which hardly a compaction of the bulk material can take place and thereby the control and / or regulation of the position of the conveyor is unreliable.
  • This embodiment of the device by means of the arrangement of a compacting device has the further advantage that bulk material, which is conveyed by the conveyor through the outlet into the container, is at least partially prevented by the compacting device, in the direction of the filling opening by dosing, for example by occurring pressure fluctuations in the container to be promoted.
  • dosing for example by occurring pressure fluctuations in the container to be promoted.
  • dosing yes at least partially bulk material is whirled up again and can thereby settle on the outside of the conveyor, which indeed projects into the container.
  • the arrangement of the compacting device this is reduced according to current understanding.
  • Such a deposition of bulk material on the outside has the disadvantage that, for example, a cleaning step is required and the contamination probability is increased in a subsequent dosing, for example, when dosing another bulk material.
  • the compacting device is designed as a constriction device for constricting a bag received in the receiving device.
  • the constriction includes an opening for receiving the bag, wherein in use, when used as intended, the outlet is positionable between the bottom of the bag and the opening.
  • a constriction device is understood to mean a device with which the side wall of a bag is deformable in order to reduce the cross section of the bag, at least in the area of the constriction device. This can be achieved, for example, by means of a clamping device defining an opening, in which the bag is received, when the circumference of the opening is smaller than the circumference of the side wall of the bag, whereby the bag is constricted in the region of the constrictor. This can be done for example by clamping lever or wire cords or other suitable devices.
  • a constriction of a bag, which is received in the constriction, between the bottom and the filling opening of the bag in the sense of the present application has the meaning that between the filling opening of the bag and the bottom of the bag when used as intended in the device, a constriction occurs.
  • this constriction occurs in a plane substantially perpendicular to the action of gravity, i. essentially parallel to the filling opening of the bag.
  • a fixed arrangement of the constricting device relative to the outlet of the conveyor in the context of the present application has the meaning that, when the outlet is firmly positioned, the constriction device is also firmly positioned and with variable positionability of the outlet, the constriction device is positioned substantially parallel with the outlet.
  • the bag is fastened by means of the fastening device to the filling opening, wherein the constricting means between the bottom of the bag and the fastening means constricting the bag; the opening formed by the Einschnür listening is aligned substantially parallel to the filling opening; the outlet is in operation under normal use so positioned so that it can engage in the filling opening of the bag and the opening of the constriction.
  • the opening has a substantially complementary shape to the cross section of the outlet, such that the outlet can engage in the opening and a sack can be constricted between the constricting means and the outlet.
  • the device is designed as Absackkarussell.
  • a bagging carousel is understood to mean a device for metering bulk material into a container which has at least one receiving device for receiving a container, the bagging carousel having a fastening position for fastening the filling opening to the fastening device.
  • the bagging carousel has a metering position for metering bulk material into the container and a removal position at which the container is removed from the bagging carousel.
  • the bagging carousel has means for transporting the container from the attachment position to the metering position and to the removal position.
  • the device has an attachment device for the automated fastening of a container to the fastening device.
  • the device has a removal device for automated removal of the container from the fastening device.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for dosing and compacting bulk material.
  • This method comprises the step of positioning a conveyor and a receiving device relative to one another with a distance between an outlet of the conveyor and a bottom of a container, in particular a bag, in the receiving device.
  • This is followed by dosing of the bulk material by means of the conveyor into the container through a filling opening of the container.
  • At least one measured variable is measured at least during metering, wherein in particular a current consumption of the conveyor, a weight of the metered bulk material, a filling level of the bulk material in the container, a metered volume of the bulk material or a metering time is measured. It is also possible to carry out a sequential or simultaneous measurement of the aforementioned measured quantities.
  • This is followed by adjusting the distance between the outlet and the bottom as a function of at least one of the measured variables measured during dosing.
  • This method is carried out in particular with a device as described above and therefore has all the advantages of the device described above.
  • a distance between outlet and floor is defined as the distance parallel to gravity between the lowest point of the floor in the area of a projection of the outlet parallel to gravity on the floor and the mean of the lowest and highest point of the outlet when used as intended exclusively below Consideration of the distance in the direction of gravity. In other words, a distance perpendicular to the direction of gravity is not considered.
  • a screw conveyor is used as conveyor in the method, wherein the receiving device and the outlet are positioned relative to one another in dependence on a measured torque.
  • the receiving device is positioned relative to the outlet.
  • This refinement of the method also has the above-described advantages with regard to the torque measurement and the positioning of the receiving device relative to the outlet.
  • the outlet firmly positioned.
  • the distance is increased during dosing.
  • the distance is controlled and / or regulated as a function of the measured variable measured.
  • the adjustment of the distance is carried out continuously at least in a period of dosing.
  • the outlet engages in the container during the entire period of dosing.
  • a compacting device for compaction of the metered bulk material is fixedly arranged in relation to the outlet on and / or in the container during dosing.
  • the compacting device is a constricting device, wherein the bag is constricted between the bottom and the filling opening by means of the constricting device.
  • the distance during dosing is set such that the outlet between the bottom and a constricting device is positioned for at least 50% of the dosing time.
  • the outlet between the bottom and the necking device is positioned for at least 70%, more preferably at least 90%, and most preferably for 100%.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is directed to the use of a device as described above for metering bulk material.
  • bulk materials from the list of the following products or mixtures thereof are metered: cement, lime, plastic, grain, semolina, flour, bran, feed, sugar, salt.
  • An additional alternative aspect is directed to an apparatus having a screw conveyor for metering bulk material.
  • the device corresponds to the device described above.
  • the screw conveyor in particular bulk material is compacted.
  • the screw conveyor is arranged substantially vertically when used as intended.
  • substantially vertical in the sense of the present application has the meaning that the axis of the screw of the screw conveyor is aligned in normal use substantially parallel to gravity, in particular in an angular range of ⁇ 20 °, preferably ⁇ 10 ° and most preferably ⁇ 5 ° with respect to the direction of gravity.
  • This embodiment of the device has the advantage that the device for dosing bulk material is simplified, since in particular no bent tubes for conveying the bulk material in a container are necessary and also the promotion of the bulk material is supported in the container by gravity and thus the energy consumption is lowered.
  • the design of the device reduces the risk of the product remaining in the device for a long time because it is not conveyed reliably. This may be the case, for example, if, in particular in the region of bends of pipes through which the bulk material is conveyed, bulk material accumulates and is not transported further, which is undesirable.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of an inventive device 1 for dosing of bulk material 2 is shown.
  • the device 1 has a frame 15 in which a screw conveyor 10, a fastening device 26, a receiving device 20 and a positioning device 27 are mounted.
  • a worm 17 of the screw conveyor 10 is driven by means of a drive 13, that is set in rotation.
  • the screw conveyor 10 has a funnel-shaped inlet region 14 with an inlet 11.
  • the screw conveyor 10 an outlet 12, which engages in the fastening device 26.
  • a bag 22 is received, wherein a filling opening 23 of the bag 22 is received.
  • the fastening device 26 is part of the receiving device 20.
  • the receiving device 20 in the vertical direction, i. parallel to the axis of the screw 17 relative to the screw conveyor 10, positionable.
  • the device 1 also has two raising means 16 for alignment and in particular for adjusting the angle of the device with respect to the effect of gravity.
  • bulk material 2 is conveyed into the inlet 11 according to the arrow designated 2 and metered into the bag 22 by means of the screw conveyor 10, wherein a torque of the screw conveyor is measured with a measuring device, not shown, and the distance d between outlet 12 and bottom 24 by means the positioning device 27 is set in dependence on the measured torque.
  • FIG. 2 is the inventive device according to FIG. 1 shown in a second position. Same reference signs denote the same features as in FIG. 1 described and will be explained again only when needed.
  • a screw conveyor 10 with a screw 17 engages in a fastening device 26 in a container 21 with a filling opening 23 a.
  • the container 21 has a bottom 24 with an outlet 12 of the screw conveyor 10 positioned adjacent to the bottom 24 of the container 21, i. the distance d is about 5 cm.
  • bulk material 2 is now conveyed through the inlet 11 of the screw conveyor 10 and metered into the container 21 by means of the screw conveyor 10.
  • a torque on the current consumption of the screw conveyor is determined by means of a measuring device, not shown, so that with an increase in power consumption, a receiving device 20 parallel to the axis of the screw 17, i. moved parallel to the effect of gravity, whereby the distance d increases.
  • FIG. 3 is a dosing of bulk material such as semolina in a bag with a device according to the invention shown.
  • a position 33 of a pick-up device is selected such that a distance between a bottom of the bag and an outlet of a screw conveyor is ⁇ 5 cm.
  • the dosing process is started, the dosed volume being represented by the curve 35, ie the accumulated filling volume.
  • the measurement of the torque, which is represented by the curve 30, is started and compared with a target torque 31.
  • a screw speed 34 of a screw conveyor is set to a constant value after a startup time of t 1 .
  • the torque 30 rises above the preset target torque 31, whereupon a distance between an outlet of the screw conveyor and the bottom of the bag is increased.
  • the receiving device is accelerated to a speed 32 and thus moved away from the screw conveyor, as shown in the range of t 2 to t 3 by means of the curves with respect to the speed 32 and the position 33 of the receiving device.
  • FIG. 4 is an inventive device as in FIG. 1 shown in a start position.
  • the present device 1 comprises a compacting device comprising a constricting device 29, by means of which the bag 22 is constricted in cross section.
  • the outlet 12 of the screw conveyor 10 comprising a screw 17 is arranged between the bottom 24 of the bag 22 and the constrictor 29.
  • the constricting device 29, which comprises a clamping lever, is arranged between the fastening device 26 and the bottom 24.
  • FIG. 5 the end position of the bag 22 is shown at the end of the dosing process, before it is removed from the device 1. Also according to FIG. 5 the bag 22 is constricted by the Einschnür issued 29. The outlet 12 is located between the bottom 24 and the constrictor 29 during 100% of the metering time.
  • FIG. 6 is the compacting device comprising the constricting device 29 according to FIG. 4 and an aperture 18 in a schematic plan view with a bag 22 received therein.
  • the constricting device 29 is fixed to the frame 15 and thus fixed in relation to the outlet 12.
  • the constricting device 29 forms an opening 19, in which the bag 22 is received, whereby it is constricted.
  • the outlet 12 engages and thus in the bag 22.
  • the diaphragm 18 is fixed, which also engages in the bag.
  • the baffle has a cross-section substantially complementary to the filling opening of the bag 22 so as to allow the engagement of the baffle 18 in the bag and to achieve the improved compaction.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of the constriction 29 according to FIG. 6 shown.
  • the constricting device 29 according to FIG. 7 is in an open position, so that a bag 22 can be fixed in the device and then the constrictor 29 is closed to constrict the bag 22 in the opening.
  • the outlet is not shown here.
  • FIG. 8 is schematically shown in a plan view designed as a constriction 29 compacting.
  • the constrictor 29 has an opening 19 substantially complementary to the cross section of the outlet 12 so that the outlet 12 engages the opening and a sack 22 is constricted between the constrictor 29 and the outlet 12 in the closed position shown here.
  • the bag in the region of the constriction device 29 has a substantially circular cross-section complementary to the cross section of the outlet 112.
  • the distance a of the two designated 29 elements is about 5 mm.
  • FIG. 9 is schematically shown in a plan view, the constriction device 29 in an open position without outlet. Before the constriction, the bag 22 has a substantially elliptical cross-section.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung zum Dosieren und Verdichten von Schüttgut und insbesondere die Verwendung der Vorrichtung zum Dosieren von Schüttgut mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des unabhängigen Anspruchs.The present invention relates to a method and a device for metering and compressing bulk material and in particular the use of the device for metering bulk material with the features of the preamble of the independent claim.

Aus der DE 197 34 109 A1 ist eine Vorrichtung zum Dosieren und Abgeben einer Füllgutmenge bekannt. Die Vorrichtung weist mehrere Schneckendosierer auf, die jeweils mittels eines flexiblen Schlauchstücks mit einer Durchgangskammer verbunden sind. Die Durchgangskammer ist horizontal beweglich ausgebildet, sodass diese über eine bestimmte Förderstrecke mit einem Verpackungsbehälter synchron mitbewegt werden kann. Ein Auslass der Durchgangskammer ist somit über die bestimmte Förderstrecke in relativ fester Position zum Verpackungsbehälter.From the DE 197 34 109 A1 is a device for dosing and dispensing a quantity of contents known. The device has a plurality of screw feeders, which are each connected by means of a flexible piece of hose with a through-chamber. The passage chamber is designed to be horizontally movable, so that it can be moved synchronously with a packaging container via a specific conveying path. An outlet of the passage chamber is thus over the specific conveyor line in a relatively fixed position to the packaging container.

Aus der EP 0 930 153 A2 ist eine Materialverdichtungsvorrichtung für wiederverwertbares Abfallmaterial bekannt. In einem Gehäuse befindet sich eine Förderschnecke, die von einem Aufgabeort das Abfallmaterial übernimmt, während einer Beförderung verdichtet und nach der Verdichtung an einen Sammelraum abgibt.From the EP 0 930 153 A2 For example, a material compacting apparatus for recyclable waste material is known. In a housing is a screw conveyor, which takes over the waste material from a job site, compressed during a carriage and delivers after compression to a collecting space.

Diese Vorrichtungen weisen den Nachteil auf, dass bei der Dosierung von Schüttgut in einen Behälter häufig eine starke Staubentwicklung insbesondere bei mehlhaltigen Schüttgütern entsteht und sowie auch die erzielte Kompaktierung oft nicht ausreichend ist. Eine Staubentwicklung kann nachteilig sein, da Staub die Umgebung verschmutzen kann und zudem die Funktionalität von technischen Einrichtungen in der Umgebung beeinträchtigen kann.These devices have the disadvantage that in the metering of bulk material in a container often causes a strong dust, especially in flour-containing bulk materials and as well as the compacting achieved is often not sufficient. Dust may be detrimental because dust can pollute the environment and also interfere with the functionality of nearby equipment.

Aus der WO 2010/052325 A1 ist eine Schüttgut-Absackvorrichtung bekannt mit einer Rütteleinrichtung zur Kompaktierung von dosiertem Schüttgut.From the WO 2010/052325 A1 is a bulk bagging known with a vibrating device for compacting dosed bulk material.

Diese Vorrichtung hat jedoch den Nachteil, dass bei der Dosierung eines insbesondere mehligen Schüttguts eine starke Staubentwicklung auftreten kann. Zudem macht die zusätzlich notwendige Rütteleinrichtung die Vorrichtung zur Dosierung oft langsamer, da ein zusätzlicher Verfahrensschritt notwendig ist, sowie auch komplexer und damit kostspieliger in der Herstellung.However, this device has the disadvantage that when dosing a particular floury bulk material, a strong dust may occur. In addition, the additionally necessary shaking device often makes the device for metering slower, since an additional process step is necessary, as well as more complex and therefore more expensive to manufacture.

Aus der WO 2008/025175 ist eine Vorrichtung von Schüttgütern in einer evakuierten Umgebung bekannt.From the WO 2008/025175 For example, a device of bulk materials in an evacuated environment is known.

Diese Vorrichtung hat jedoch den Nachteil, dass die Vorrichtung durch die notwendige Evakuierung konstruktiv aufwendig gestaltet ist und zudem das Verfahren zur Dosierung eines Schüttguts komplizierter durchzuführen ist.However, this device has the disadvantage that the device is structurally complicated by the necessary evacuation and also the process for dosing a bulk material is more complicated to perform.

Aus der US 5,042,539 ist eine gattungsgemässe Vorrichtung bekannt, bei welcher die Positionierung eines Auslasses in Abhängigkeit von einer Schüttgutdichte, einem Gewicht oder einer Drehzahl einer Dosierschnecke erfolgt. Nachteilig ist hier, dass die Verdichtung nicht optimal ist. Um diese zu erhöhen ist zusätzlich eine Rüttelvorrichtung vorhanden.From the US 5,042,539 a generic device is known in which the positioning of an outlet in dependence on a bulk density, a weight or a rotational speed of a metering screw takes place. The disadvantage here is that the compression is not optimal. To increase this, a vibrator is additionally available.

Es ist daher eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, die Nachteile des bekannten zu vermeiden, insbesondere also ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung bereitzustellen, durch die bei der Dosierung von Schüttgütern weniger Staub erzeugt wird. Weiter besteht die Aufgabe darin, die Kompaktierung der Schüttgüter bei der Dosierung zu erhöhen und den Aufbau der Vorrichtung zu vereinfachen.It is therefore an object of the present invention to avoid the disadvantages of the known, in particular therefore to provide a method and a device by which less dust is generated during the metering of bulk materials. Furthermore, the object is to increase the compaction of the bulk materials in the dosage and to simplify the structure of the device.

Diese Aufgaben werden durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruchs sowie eine Vorrichtung gemäss dem nebengeordneten Anspruch gelöst.These objects are achieved by a method having the features of the independent claim and a device according to the independent claim.

Die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung zum Dosieren und Verdichten von Schüttgut umfasst einen Förderer zum Dosieren des Schüttguts. Weiter umfasst die Vorrichtung eine Messeinrichtung zur Messung wenigstens einer Messgrösse und eine Aufnahmevorrichtung zur Aufnahme eines Behälters, insbesondere eines Sacks. Der Förderer weist einen Auslass für das Schüttgut auf. Die Aufnahmevorrichtung und der Auslass sind während des Dosierens von Schüttgut in eine Einfüllöffnung eines Behälters relativ zueinander positionierbar in Abhängigkeit von der Messgrösse. Insbesondere sind der Auslass und die Aufnahmevorrichtung steuerbar und/oder regelbar positionierbar. Bevorzugt sind die Aufnahmevorrichtung und der Auslass kontinuierlich zumindest in einem Zeitabschnitt des Dosierens relativ zueinander positionierbar.The device according to the invention for dosing and compacting bulk material comprises a conveyor for dosing the bulk material. Furthermore, the device comprises a measuring device for measuring at least one measured variable and a receiving device for receiving a container, in particular a bag. The conveyor has an outlet for the bulk material. During the metering of bulk material into a filling opening of a container, the receiving device and the outlet can be positioned relative to one another as a function of the measured variable. In particular, the outlet and the receiving device are controllable and / or controllably positionable. Preferably, the receiving device and the outlet are continuously positioned relative to each other at least in a period of dosing.

Diese Vorrichtung wird zur Durchführung eines weiter unten beschriebenen Verfahrens verwendet.This device is used to carry out a method described below.

Unter einer Aufnahmevorrichtung im Sinne der Anmeldung wird eine Vorrichtung verstanden, die den Behälter aufnimmt und / oder stützt. In einer derartigen Aufnahmeeinrichtung kann beispielsweise ein Behälter aufhängbar und / oder aufstellbar sein. Die Aufnahmeeinrichtung kann beispielsweise eine Klemmvorrichtung zum Aufhängen eines Sacks umfassen oder auch als eine bewegliche Bodenfläche für einen Sack ausgebildet sein, wobei der Sack lediglich auf die Bodenfläche gestellt wird oder auch zusätzlich im Bereich der Einfüllöffnung fixiert, insbesondere festgeklemmt, wird.Under a recording device in the sense of the application, a device is understood, which receives the container and / or supports. In such a receiving device, for example, a container can be suspended and / or set up. The receiving device may for example comprise a clamping device for hanging a bag or be designed as a movable bottom surface for a bag, wherein the bag is only placed on the bottom surface or additionally fixed in the region of the filling opening, in particular clamped is.

Unter einem Sack wird im Sinne der vorliegenden Anmeldung ein Behälter mit zumindest flexiblen Seitenwänden und insbesondere einem flexiblen Boden verstanden. Beispielsweise kann ein Sack also aus Stoff wie beispielsweise Baumwolle, Kunststoff wie beispielsweise Polyester und Papier oder beliebigen Kombinationen daraus hergestellt sein, wie diese dem Fachmann bekannt sind, wobei Seitenwände und Boden aus diesem Material bestehen. Alternativ kann ein Sack jedoch einen nicht-flexiblen Boden beispielsweise bestehend aus Kunststoff und/oder Metall aufweisen mit Seitenwänden aus beispielsweise Baumwolle und/oder Polyester als flexible Seitenwände.For the purposes of the present application, a sack is understood to mean a container having at least flexible side walls and in particular a flexible bottom. For example, a sack may thus be made of fabric such as cotton, plastic such as polyester and paper, or any combination thereof as known to those skilled in the art, with side walls and bottom made of this material. Alternatively, however, a sack may have a non-flexible bottom made of, for example, plastic and / or metal with side walls of, for example, cotton and / or polyester as flexible side walls.

Die erfindungsgemässe Ausgestaltung hat den Vorteil, dass der Auslass des Förderers und die Aufnahmevorrichtung so zueinander positioniert werden können, dass die Staubentwicklung in der Umgebung während des Dosierens möglichst minimiert wird und gleichzeitig auch die Kompaktierung des dosierten Schüttguts verbessert werden kann.The embodiment according to the invention has the advantage that the outlet of the conveyor and the receiving device can be positioned relative to one another in such a way that the generation of dust in the environment during dosing is minimized as much as possible and at the same time the compacting of the metered bulk material can be improved.

Dies kann beispielsweise dadurch erreicht werden, dass der Auslass zum Beginn des Dosierens näher an einem Boden des Behälters positioniert wird und während des Dosierens in Abhängigkeit von der gemessenen Messgrösse der Auslass vom Boden wegbewegt wird, d.h. mit grösserem Abstand positioniert wird.This can be achieved, for example, by positioning the outlet closer to a bottom of the container to begin dispensing and moving the outlet away from the bottom during dispensing, depending on the measured quantity being measured. is positioned at a greater distance.

Beispielsweise kann jedoch auch zum Beginn des Dosierens ein grosser Abstand eingestellt werden, um durch den Förderer eine möglichst grosse Förderrate des Schüttguts zu erzielen, woraufhin anschliessend der Abstand zum Boden des Behälters verringert wird zur abschliessenden Kompaktierung durch das aus dem Förderer dosierte Schüttgut. Dieses Verfahren ist bevorzugt mit Schüttgütern anzuwenden, die keine grosse Staubentwicklung aufweisen beim Dosieren.For example, however, at the beginning of dosing a large distance can be adjusted to achieve the largest possible delivery rate of the bulk material by the conveyor, whereupon the distance to the bottom of the container is reduced for final compaction by the dosed from the conveyor bulk material. This method is preferably to be used with bulk materials that have no large dust during dosing.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemässen Ausgestaltung der Vorrichtung ist eine vereinfachte Bauweise, da weder Einrichtungen zur Erzeugung von Vakuum notwendig sind noch Rüttelvorrichtungen zur Kompaktierung. Dies hat zudem den Vorteil, dass durch die fehlende Notwendigkeit der Kompaktierung mittels einer Rütteleinrichtung das Dosieren schneller erfolgen kann, da hierfür insbesondere kein zusätzlicher Verfahrensschritt notwendig ist.Another advantage of the inventive design of the device is a simplified construction, since neither means for generating vacuum are still necessary vibrating devices for compaction. This also has the advantage that due to the lack of compaction by means of a vibrator dosing can be done faster because in particular no additional process step is necessary.

Insbesondere weist die Vorrichtung wie oben und im Folgenden beschrieben Eingabemittel zur Einstellung von zumindest einem Betriebsparameter für die Dosierung des Schüttguts auf. Betriebsparameter sind zumindest einer der folgenden Parameter oder eine Kombination von diesen: Art des Schüttguts; zu dosierendes Volumen des Schüttguts; zu dosierendes Gewicht; Förderrate des Förderers; Dosier-Gesamtdauer; relative Positionierung von Auslass und Aufnahmevorrichtung zu Beginn des Dosiervorgangs.In particular, the device has, as described above and below, input means for setting at least one operating parameter for the metering of the bulk material. Operating parameters are at least one of the following parameters or a combination of these: type of bulk material; volume of the bulk material to be metered; weight to be dosed; Delivery rate of the conveyor; Dosing total duration; relative positioning of outlet and receiver at the beginning of dosing.

Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die Vorrichtung optimal für die Dosierung einstellbar ist in Abhängigkeit von den gewählten Betriebsparametern, so dass die Staubentwicklung minimiert wird und die Kompaktierung des Schüttguts verbessert wird.This has the advantage that the device is optimally adjustable for the dosage depending on the selected operating parameters, so that the dust is minimized and the compaction of the bulk material is improved.

Beispielsweise ist die relative Positionierung von Auslass und Aufnahmevorrichtung zu Beginn des Dosiervorgangs abhängig vom zu dosierenden Schüttgut, so dass in Abhängigkeit von der Art des Schüttguts, welche ausgewählt wurde oder voreingestellt ist, automatisch die optimale relative Positionierung von Auslass und Aufnahmevorrichtung von der Vorrichtung eingestellt werden kann.For example, the relative positioning of the outlet and receiver at the beginning of the dosing operation is dependent on the bulk material to be dosed, so that the optimum relative positioning of the outlet and receiver is automatically adjusted by the apparatus, depending on the type of bulk material selected or preset can.

Die Dosierung des Schüttguts kann insbesondere gemäss einer Variante als kontinuierliche Dosierung des Schüttguts ausgebildet sein. Dies bedeutet, dass aus einem Reservoir an Schüttgut jeweils die benötigte Menge, d.h. Gewicht und / oder Volumen, in den Behälter abgefüllt wird, wobei insbesondere dabei das bereits dosierte Volumen und / oder Gewicht gemessen werden sollte.The metering of the bulk material can be designed in particular according to a variant as a continuous metering of the bulk material. This means that from a reservoir of bulk material respectively the required amount, ie weight and / or volume, is filled into the container, wherein in particular the already metered volume and / or weight should be measured.

Alternativ kann die Dosierung des Schüttguts insbesondere in einem Batch-Prozess durchgeführt werden, d.h. das in einem früheren Verfahrensschritt die zu dosierenden Mengen an Schüttgut bereits portioniert werden, so dass eine Überwachung der bereits dosierten Menge an Schüttgut während der Dosierung nicht notwendig ist.Alternatively, the metering of the bulk material may be carried out in particular in a batch process, i. that the quantities of bulk material to be metered are already portioned in an earlier process step, so that monitoring of the already metered amount of bulk material during the metering is not necessary.

Bevorzugt ist zumindest ein der folgenden Messgrössen messbar zur relativen Positionierung von Aufnahmevorrichtung und Auslass: Stromaufnahme des Förderers; Gewicht des dosierten Schüttguts; Füllhöhe des Schüttguts im Behälter; Dosierzeit; dosiertes Volumen des Schüttguts.Preferably, at least one of the following measured variables can be measured for the relative positioning of receiving device and outlet: current consumption of the conveyor; Weight of the dosed bulk material; Filling level of the bulk material in the container; metering; metered volume of the bulk material.

Dies hat den Vorteil, dass in Abhängigkeit vom verwendeten Schüttgut die vorteilhafteste Messgrösse ausgewählt werden kann zur relativen Positionierung von Aufnahmevorrichtung und Auslass.This has the advantage that, depending on the bulk material used, the most advantageous measured variable can be selected for the relative positioning of receiving device and outlet.

Die Stromaufnahme des Förderers, welche ein Indikator für den Widerstand des zu dosierenden Schüttguts ist und somit die relative Positionierung von Aufnahmevorrichtung und Auslass in Abhängigkeit von dieser Messgrösse angibt, kann als Messgrösse zur relativen Positionierung verwendet werden, wobei insbesondere die relative Positionierung geregelt erfolgen kann.The current consumption of the conveyor, which is an indicator of the resistance of the bulk material to be metered and thus indicates the relative positioning of receiving device and outlet as a function of this parameter can be used as a measure for relative positioning, in particular, the relative positioning can be regulated.

Das Gewicht des dosierten Schüttguts lässt sich beispielsweise mit einer in und / oder an der Aufnahmevorrichtung angebrachten Waage bestimmen. Alternativ kann auch das beispielsweise aus einem Vorratsbehälter dosierte Gewicht des Schüttguts mittels einer Waage zur Bestimmung der Gewichtsabnahme des Vorratsbehälters bestimmt werden oder aber auch mit einer Differential-Waage gemäss der WO 2010/052325 A1 .The weight of the metered bulk material can be determined, for example, with a balance mounted in and / or on the receiving device. Alternatively, the example of a Reservoir dosed weight of the bulk material can be determined by means of a scale for determining the weight loss of the reservoir or even with a differential scale according to the WO 2010/052325 A1 ,

Die Füllhöhe kann beispielsweise mittels eines FüllstandsSensors und / oder einer Kamera bestimmt werden.The filling level can be determined, for example, by means of a filling level sensor and / or a camera.

Das dosierte Volumen des Schüttguts kann beispielsweise über eine einstellbare Förderrate von Schüttgut am Förderer mittels der gemessenen Dosierzeit bestimmt werden, so dass nach erreichen der Dosier-Gesamtdauer das zu dosierende Volumen des Schüttguts erreicht wird. Beispielsweise lässt sich das dosierte Volumen auch aus dem Gewicht des dosierten Schüttguts bestimmen.The metered volume of the bulk material can be determined, for example, via an adjustable delivery rate of bulk material on the conveyor by means of the measured metering time, so that the volume of the bulk material to be metered is reached after the total metering time has been reached. For example, the metered volume can also be determined from the weight of the metered bulk material.

Das Gewicht des dosierten Schüttguts, eine Füllhöhe des Schüttguts im Behälter oder auch eine Dosierzeit lassen sich beispielsweise mit zuvor hinterlegten Daten in beispielsweise in der Vorrichtung vorhandenen Datenverarbeitungsmitteln korrelieren, sodass eine optimale Positionierung zwischen Auslass und Aufnahmevorrichtung einstellbar ist, wobei Auslass und Aufnahmevorrichtung insbesondere steuerbar positionierbar sind.The weight of the metered bulk material, a filling level of the bulk material in the container or a metering time can be correlated, for example, with previously stored data in, for example, in the device data processing means, so that an optimal positioning between outlet and receiving device is adjustable, the outlet and recording device in particular controllably positioned are.

Eine Kombination der verschieden Messgrössen zur Positionierung von Aufnahmevorrichtung und Auslass wird zur weiteren Verbesserung der Kompaktierung und/oder der Vermeidung von Staubentwicklung herangezogen. Hierzu kann beispielsweise eine erste Positionierung aufgrund einer Füllhöhe des Schüttguts im Behälter oder auch der Dosierzeit erfolgen, d.h. ein Steuerung der Positionierung, wobei diese Positionierung daraufhin aufgrund der Stromaufnahme des Förderers geregelt wird.A combination of the different measures for positioning of recording device and outlet is used to further improve the compaction and / or the prevention of dust. For this purpose, for example, a first positioning due to a filling level of the bulk material in the container or the dosing take place, ie a control of the positioning, this positioning is then controlled due to the current consumption of the conveyor.

Besonders bevorzugt weist die Aufnahmevorrichtung eine Positionierungseinrichtung auf, sodass die Aufnahmevorrichtung relativ zum Auslass positionierbar ist und dass insbesondere der Auslass fest positioniert ist.Particularly preferably, the receiving device has a positioning device, so that the receiving device can be positioned relative to the outlet and in particular that the outlet is firmly positioned.

Eine Positionierungseinrichtung im Sinne der vorliegenden Anmeldung ist beispielsweise eine Kombination aus Führungsschienen, entlang denen die Aufnahmevorrichtung bewegbar ist und einem Antrieb, beispielsweise einem Elektromotor, insbesondere einem Servomotor, oder auch einer Pneumatik.A positioning device in the sense of the present application is for example a combination of guide rails along which the receiving device is movable and a drive, for example an electric motor, in particular a servomotor, or else a pneumatic system.

Diese Ausgestaltung hat den Vorteil, dass lediglich die Position der Aufnahmevorrichtung relativ zum Auslass zu positionieren ist, was den konstruktiven Aufwand verringert und damit die Vorrichtung kostengünstiger macht. Dies wird insbesondere unterstütz durch den fest positionierten Auslass, d.h. unbeweglichen Auslass, was die Positionierung vereinfacht und damit auch die Präzision der Positionierung erhöht.This embodiment has the advantage that only the position of the receiving device is to be positioned relative to the outlet, which reduces the design complexity and thus makes the device less expensive. This is particularly assisted by the fixedly positioned outlet, i. immovable outlet, which simplifies positioning and thus increases the precision of positioning.

Insbesondere weist diese Ausgestaltung den weiteren Vorteil auf, dass bei einem fest positioniertem Auslass zum Förderer nicht die gesamte Dosiervorrichtung, d.h. der Förderer mit Antrieb, bewegt werden muss, da dieser üblicherweise ein hohes Gewicht aufweist. Somit kann die Positionierungseinrichtung vereinfacht werden und ist im Betrieb energetisch günstiger zu betreiben.In particular, this embodiment has the further advantage that, in the case of a fixed outlet to the conveyor, not the entire metering device, i. the conveyor with drive, must be moved, since this usually has a high weight. Thus, the positioning device can be simplified and is energetically cheaper to operate in operation.

Ganz besonders bevorzugt ist der Förderer als Schneckenförderer ausgebildet, wobei die Aufnahmevorrichtung und der Auslass in Abhängigkeit eines gemessenen Drehmoments relativ zueinander positionierbar sind.Most preferably, the conveyor is designed as a screw conveyor, wherein the receiving device and the outlet in dependence of a measured torque are positioned relative to each other.

Als Drehmomentsensor eignen sich beispielsweise indirekt die gemessene Stromaufnahme des Schneckenförderers zum Dosieren oder aber auch dem Fachmann bekannte Dehnmessstreifen.As a torque sensor, for example, indirectly the measured current consumption of the screw conveyor for dosing or also known to those skilled strain gauges are.

Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die Messung mittels einfacher und zuverlässiger Sensoren durchgeführt werden kann, sodass die Regelung der Positionierung der Aufnahmevorrichtung relativ zum Auslass präzise erfolgen kann. Dies ist insbesondere vorteilhaft in Verbindung mit einem Schneckenförderer, dessen Förderrate an Schüttgut im Wesentlichen von der Drehzahl der Schnecke abhängig ist. Dabei lässt sich über die Einstellung der Drehzahl die Förderrate, d.h. das geförderte Volumen pro Zeiteinheit, von Schüttgut einstellen. Bei konstanter Drehzahl verändert sich die Stromaufnahme des Schneckenförderers in Abhängigkeit von einem Förderwiderstand des Schüttguts. Der Förderwiderstand, der auch als Strömungswiderstand bezeichnet wird, ist beispielsweise abhängig von der Füllhöhe an Schüttgut im Behälter und der relativen Positionierung vom Auslass des Schneckenförderers und der Aufnahmevorrichtung mit dem Behälter.This has the advantage that the measurement can be carried out by means of simple and reliable sensors, so that the regulation of the positioning of the receiving device relative to the outlet can be made precisely. This is particularly advantageous in connection with a screw conveyor, the delivery rate of bulk material is essentially dependent on the speed of the screw. In doing so, the rate of delivery, i. adjust the volume delivered per unit time, of bulk material. At constant speed, the current consumption of the screw conveyor changes depending on a conveying resistance of the bulk material. The delivery resistance, which is also referred to as flow resistance, depends, for example, on the filling level of bulk material in the container and the relative positioning of the outlet of the screw conveyor and the receiving device with the container.

Zusätzlich bevorzugt ist der Förderer derart angeordnet, dass die Förderrichtung des Schüttguts im Förderer im Wesentlichen parallel zur Wirkung der Schwerkraft liegt.Additionally preferably, the conveyor is arranged such that the conveying direction of the bulk material in the conveyor is substantially parallel to the action of gravity.

Die Formulierung, dass eine Förderrichtung im Wesentlichen parallel zur Wirkung der Schwerkraft liegt, bedeutet also, dass der Förderer im Wesentlichen vertikal angeordnet ist. Im Sinne der vorliegenden Anmeldung bedeutet im Wesentlichen parallel zur Wirkung der Schwerkraft, dass die Förderrichtung und insbesondere die Achse einer Schnecke des Schneckenförderers einen Winkel von ± 20°, bevorzugt ± 10° und besonders bevorzugt ± 5° zur Wirkung der Schwerkraft aufweist.The formulation that a conveying direction is substantially parallel to the effect of gravity thus means that the conveyor is arranged substantially vertically. For the purposes of the present application, substantially parallel to the effect of gravity means that the conveying direction and in particular the axis of a screw of the screw conveyor has an angle of ± 20 °, preferably ± 10 ° and particularly preferably ± 5 ° to the effect of gravity.

Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die Förderwirkung durch die Schwerkraft unterstütz wird und damit der Energieverbrauch der Vorrichtung gesenkt wird. Zudem vereinfacht diese konstruktive Ausgestaltung die Vorrichtung, da keine gebogenen Rohre zum Transport des Schüttguts notwendig sind und damit die Vorrichtung weiter vereinfacht wird und somit auch kostengünstiger wird.This has the advantage that the conveying effect is supported by gravity and thus the power consumption of the device is lowered. In addition, this structural design simplifies the device, since no bent tubes for transporting the bulk material are necessary and thus the device is further simplified and thus cheaper.

Zusätzlich besonders bevorzugt ist die Aufnahmevorrichtung in Förderrichtung relativ zum Auslass positionierbar. Mit anderen Worten, die Aufnahmevorrichtung ist lediglich im Wesentlichen parallel zur Wirkung der Schwerkraft positionierbar.In addition, particularly preferably, the receiving device can be positioned in the conveying direction relative to the outlet. In other words, the receiving device can only be positioned substantially parallel to the effect of gravity.

Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die Positionierungseinrichtung vereinfacht werden kann, da lediglich eine Positionierung in einer Richtung notwendig ist. Dies macht die Vorrichtung kostengünstiger und vereinfacht auch die Positionierung von Aufnahmevorrichtung zu Auslass.This has the advantage that the positioning device can be simplified, since only one-way positioning is necessary. This makes the device less expensive and also simplifies the positioning of receiving device to outlet.

Zusätzlich besonderes bevorzugt ist die Aufnahmevorrichtung derart ausgebildet, dass der Auslass während des Dosierens in den Behälter eingreifen kann.In addition, particularly preferably, the receiving device is designed such that the outlet can engage in the container during dosing.

Dies hat den Vorteil, dass der Auslass unter anderem auch benachbart zum Boden des Behälters platziert werden kann zur Vermeidung von Staubentwicklung, die oft besonders am Anfang sehr gross wird und somit ein Grossteil des erzeugten Staubes im Behälter bleibt.This has the advantage that the outlet can be placed, inter alia, adjacent to the bottom of the container to prevent dust, which is often very large, especially at the beginning and thus remains a large part of the dust generated in the container.

Alternativ bevorzugt weist die Aufnahmevorrichtung eine Befestigungseinrichtung zur Befestigung der Einfüllöffnung auf.Alternatively preferably, the receiving device has a fastening device for fastening the filling opening.

Diese Befestigungseinrichtung ist derart ausgestaltet, dass die Einfüllöffnung des Behälters so geformt wird, dass der Auslass in den Behälter eingreifen kann und zudem Luft, die durch das dosierte Schüttgut verdrängt wird, aus dem Behälter entweichen kann.This fastening device is designed such that the filling opening of the container is formed so that the outlet can intervene in the container and also air that is displaced by the metered bulk material can escape from the container.

Alternativ besonders bevorzugt weist die Aufnahmevorrichtung eine Stützungseinrichtung auf zur Stützung eines Bodens des Behälters. Diese Stützungseinrichtung ist insbesondere als Auflagefläche ausgebildet.Alternatively, particularly preferably, the receiving device has a support device for supporting a bottom of the container. This support device is designed in particular as a bearing surface.

Dies hat den Vorteil, dass der Boden des Behälters auf der Aussenseite des Bodens abgestützt wird und somit die Gefahr der Beschädigung des Behälters durch das dosierte Schüttgut verringert wird. Dies ist insbesondere wichtig bei der Verwendung von Säcken, die bei schneller Dosierung reissen könnten.This has the advantage that the bottom of the container is supported on the outside of the soil and thus the risk of damage to the container is reduced by the metered bulk material. This is especially important when using sacks that could rupture at high dosages.

Bevorzugt weist die Vorrichtung eine im Betrieb zwischen Boden und Einfüllöffnung angeordnete Kompaktiereinrichtung auf zur Kompaktierung des Schüttguts während des Dosierens, wobei die Kompaktiereinrichtung relativ zum Auslass fest angeordnet ist. Insbesondere ist die Kompaktiereinrichtung zwischen Boden und Befestigungseinrichtung angeordnet.The device preferably has a compacting device arranged between the bottom and the filling opening during operation for compacting the bulk material during dosing, wherein the compacting device is fixed relative to the outlet. In particular, the compacting device is arranged between the floor and fastening device.

Unter einer Kompaktiereinrichtung wird im Sinne der vorliegenden Anmeldung eine Einrichtung verstanden, mittels der zumindest während des Dosierens des Schüttguts in den Behälter die Kompaktierung des dosierten Schüttguts verbessert wird. Dies kann beispielsweise mittels Einschnürung des Behälters zwischen Boden und Befestigungseinrichtung erfolgen und / oder mittels einer Blende angeordnet zwischen Boden und Befestigungseinrichtung, wobei die Blende im Wesentlichen einen Querschnitt komplementär zur Einfüllöffnung aufweist und in den Behälter eingreifen kann; bei Verwendung eines nicht-einschnürbaren Behälters ist es vorteilhaft, lediglich eine Blende zu verwenden.For the purposes of the present application, a compacting device is understood to be a device by means of which, at least during the metering of the bulk material into the container, the compaction of the metered bulk material is improved. This can be done for example by means of constriction of the container between the bottom and fastening device and / or arranged by means of a diaphragm between the bottom and fastening device, wherein the aperture has a cross-section substantially complementary to the filling opening and can engage in the container; when using a non-neckable container, it is advantageous to use only one aperture.

Die Anordnung einer Kompaktiereinrichtung hat den Vorteil, dass die Kompaktierung während des Dosierens verbessert wird und dadurch die Steuerung und / oder Regelung der Position des Auslasses in Abhängigkeit von der Messgrösse wie beispielsweise dem Drehmoment und / oder der Stromaufnahme des Förderers gewährleistet wird. Unter Umständen ist es möglich, dass ohne die Anordnung der Kompaktiereinrichtung Schüttgut entlang des Förderers zur Einfüllöffnung des Behälters aufsteigen kann, wodurch kaum eine Kompaktierung des Schüttguts erfolgen kann und dadurch die Steuerung und / oder Regelung der Position des Förderers unzuverlässig wird.The arrangement of a compacting device has the advantage that the compaction is improved during dosing and thereby the control and / or regulation of the position of the outlet in dependence on the measured variable such as the torque and / or the power consumption of the conveyor is ensured. Under certain circumstances, it is possible that without the arrangement of the compacting bulk material along the conveyor to the filling opening of the container can rise, which hardly a compaction of the bulk material can take place and thereby the control and / or regulation of the position of the conveyor is unreliable.

Diese Ausgestaltung der Vorrichtung mittels der Anordnung einer Kompaktiereinrichtung hat den weiteren Vorteil, dass Schüttgut, welches mittels des Förderers durch den Auslass in den Behälter gefördert wird, durch die Kompaktiereinrichtung zumindest teilweise daran gehindert wird, in Richtung der Einfüllöffnung durch das Dosieren, beispielsweise durch dadurch auftretende Druckschwankungen im Behälter, gefördert zu werden. Durch das Dosieren wird ja zumindest teilweise Schüttgut wieder aufgewirbelt und kann sich dadurch auf der Aussenseite des Förderers, welcher ja in den Behälter hineinragt, absetzen. Durch die Anordnung der Kompaktiereinrichtung wird dies nach derzeitigem Verständnis reduziert. Eine derartige Ablagerung von Schüttgut auf der Aussenseite hat den Nachteil, dass beispielsweise ein Reinigungsschritt erforderlich wird und die Kontaminationswahrscheinlichkeit bei einem nachfolgenden Dosiervorgang beispielsweise bei Dosierung eines anderen Schüttguts erhöht wird.This embodiment of the device by means of the arrangement of a compacting device has the further advantage that bulk material, which is conveyed by the conveyor through the outlet into the container, is at least partially prevented by the compacting device, in the direction of the filling opening by dosing, for example by occurring pressure fluctuations in the container to be promoted. By dosing yes, at least partially bulk material is whirled up again and can thereby settle on the outside of the conveyor, which indeed projects into the container. The arrangement of the compacting device this is reduced according to current understanding. Such a deposition of bulk material on the outside has the disadvantage that, for example, a cleaning step is required and the contamination probability is increased in a subsequent dosing, for example, when dosing another bulk material.

Besonders bevorzugt ist die Kompaktiereinrichtung als Einschnüreinrichtung ausgebildet zur Einschnürung eines in der Aufnahmevorrichtung aufgenommenen Sacks. Die Einschnüreinrichtung umfasst eine Öffnung zur Aufnahme des Sacks, wobei im Betrieb bei bestimmungsgemässem Gebrauch der Auslass zwischen dem Boden des Sacks und der Öffnung positionierbar ist.Particularly preferably, the compacting device is designed as a constriction device for constricting a bag received in the receiving device. The constriction includes an opening for receiving the bag, wherein in use, when used as intended, the outlet is positionable between the bottom of the bag and the opening.

Unter einer Einschnüreinrichtung wird im Sinne der vorliegenden Anmeldung eine Vorrichtung verstanden, mit der die Seitenwand eines Sacks deformierbar ist zur Verkleinerung des Querschnitts des Sacks zumindest im Bereich der Einschnüreinrichtung. Dies kann beispielsweise mittels einer Klemmeinrichtung definierend eine Öffnung, in die der Sack aufgenommen ist, erreicht werden, wenn der Umfang der Öffnung kleiner als der Umfang der Seitenwand des Sacks ist, wodurch der Sack im Bereich der Einschnüreinrichtung eingeschnürt wird. Dies kann beispielsweise durch Klemmhebel oder Drahtschnüre oder andere geeignete Vorrichtungen erfolgen.For the purposes of the present application, a constriction device is understood to mean a device with which the side wall of a bag is deformable in order to reduce the cross section of the bag, at least in the area of the constriction device. This can be achieved, for example, by means of a clamping device defining an opening, in which the bag is received, when the circumference of the opening is smaller than the circumference of the side wall of the bag, whereby the bag is constricted in the region of the constrictor. This can be done for example by clamping lever or wire cords or other suitable devices.

Eine Einschnürung eines Sacks, der in der Einschnüreinrichtung aufgenommen ist, zwischen Boden und Einfüllöffnung des Sacks hat im Sinne der vorliegenden Anmeldung die Bedeutung, dass zwischen der Einfüllöffnung des Sacks und dem Boden des Sacks bei bestimmungsgemässen Gebrauch in der Vorrichtung eine Einschnürung erfolgt. Insbesondere erfolgt diese Einschnürung in einer Ebene im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Wirkung der Gravitation, d.h. im Wesentlichen parallel zur Einfüllöffnung des Sacks.A constriction of a bag, which is received in the constriction, between the bottom and the filling opening of the bag in the sense of the present application has the meaning that between the filling opening of the bag and the bottom of the bag when used as intended in the device, a constriction occurs. In particular, this constriction occurs in a plane substantially perpendicular to the action of gravity, i. essentially parallel to the filling opening of the bag.

Eine feste Anordnung der Einschnüreinrichtung relativ zum Auslass des Förderers hat im Sinne der vorliegenden Anmeldung die Bedeutung, dass bei fester Positionierung des Auslasses die Einschnüreinrichtung ebenfalls fest positioniert ist und bei variabler Positionierbarkeit des Auslasses die Einschnüreinrichtung im Wesentlichen parallel mit dem Auslass positioniert wird. Beispielsweise wird also der Sack mittels der Befestigungseinrichtung an der Einfüllöffnung befestigt, wobei die Einschnüreinrichtung zwischen dem Boden des Sacks und der Befestigungseinrichtung den Sack einschnürt; die durch die Einschnüreinrichtung gebildete Öffnung ist im Wesentlichen parallel zur Einfüllöffnung ausgerichtet; der Auslass ist im Betrieb bei bestimmungsgemässem Gebrauch also derart positionierbar, dass dieser in die Einfüllöffnung des Sacks und die Öffnung der Einschnüreinrichtung eingreifen kann.A fixed arrangement of the constricting device relative to the outlet of the conveyor in the context of the present application has the meaning that, when the outlet is firmly positioned, the constriction device is also firmly positioned and with variable positionability of the outlet, the constriction device is positioned substantially parallel with the outlet. For example, therefore, the bag is fastened by means of the fastening device to the filling opening, wherein the constricting means between the bottom of the bag and the fastening means constricting the bag; the opening formed by the Einschnüreinrichtung is aligned substantially parallel to the filling opening; the outlet is in operation under normal use so positioned so that it can engage in the filling opening of the bag and the opening of the constriction.

Ganz besonders bevorzugt weist die Öffnung eine im Wesentlichen komplementäre Form zum Querschnitt des Auslasses auf, derart, dass der Auslass in die Öffnung eingreifen kann und ein Sack zwischen Einschnüreinrichtung und Auslass einschnürbar ist.Most preferably, the opening has a substantially complementary shape to the cross section of the outlet, such that the outlet can engage in the opening and a sack can be constricted between the constricting means and the outlet.

Alternativ ganz besonders bevorzugt ist die Vorrichtung als Absackkarussell ausgebildet.Alternatively, very particularly preferably, the device is designed as Absackkarussell.

Als Absackkarussell wird im Sinne der vorliegenden Anmeldung eine Vorrichtung zum Dosieren von Schüttgut in einen Behälter verstanden, der zumindest eine Aufnahmevorrichtung zur Aufnahme eines Behälters aufweist, wobei das Absackkarussell eine Befestigungsposition zur Befestigung der Einfüllöffnung an der Befestigungseinrichtung aufweist. Zudem weist das Absackkarussell eine Dosierposition zum Dosieren von Schüttgut in den Behälter auf sowie eine Entnahmeposition, an der der Behälter vom Absackkarussell entnommen wird. Weiterhin weist das Absackkarussell Mittel auf zur Transportierung des Behälters von der Befestigungsposition zur Dosierposition sowie zur Entnahmeposition.For the purposes of the present application, a bagging carousel is understood to mean a device for metering bulk material into a container which has at least one receiving device for receiving a container, the bagging carousel having a fastening position for fastening the filling opening to the fastening device. In addition, the bagging carousel has a metering position for metering bulk material into the container and a removal position at which the container is removed from the bagging carousel. Furthermore, the bagging carousel has means for transporting the container from the attachment position to the metering position and to the removal position.

Dies hat den Vorteil, dass an unterschiedlichen Positionen Verfahrensschritte eines vollständigen Dosierprozesse stattfinden können, sodass der Prozess der Befestigung, Dosierung und Entnahme des Behälters beschleunigt werden kann.This has the advantage that process steps of a complete dosing process take place at different positions so that the process of fixing, dosing and removing the container can be accelerated.

Bevorzugt weist die Vorrichtung eine Anbringungseinrichtung zum automatisierten Befestigen eines Behälters an der Befestigungseinrichtung auf.Preferably, the device has an attachment device for the automated fastening of a container to the fastening device.

Dies kann insbesondere dadurch erfolgen, dass beispielsweise bei der Verwendung von Säcken als Behälter diese leer, d.h. ohne Schüttgut, an der Befestigungsposition gestapelt werden können und die Maschine bei Bedarf mittels einer Greifeinrichtung, insbesondere eines Roboters, einen Sack greift und diesen an der Befestigungseinrichtung befestigt. Alternativ können auch beispielsweise Behälter mit festen Wänden mittels eines Transportbandes zur Befestigungsposition gefördert werden und dort mittels einer dem Fachmann bekannten Mechanik befestigt, insbesondere gegriffen, werden.This can be done in particular by the fact that, for example, when using sacks as containers, they are empty, i. without bulk material, can be stacked at the attachment position and the machine if necessary by means of a gripping device, in particular a robot, a bag attacks and this attached to the fastening device. Alternatively, for example, containers with solid walls can be conveyed to the fastening position by means of a conveyor belt and fastened there, in particular gripped, by means of a mechanism known to the person skilled in the art.

Besonders bevorzugt weist die Vorrichtung eine Entnahmeeinrichtung zum automatisierten Entnehmen des Behälters von der Befestigungseinrichtung auf.Particularly preferably, the device has a removal device for automated removal of the container from the fastening device.

Diese beiden bevorzugten Ausführungsformen haben den Vorteil, dass die Dosierung von Schüttgut in einen Behälter weiter beschleunigt erfolgen kann und damit die Kosten weiter gesenkt werden können.These two preferred embodiments have the advantage that the dosage of bulk material in a container can be further accelerated and thus the cost can be further reduced.

Die vorliegenden Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zum Dosieren und Verdichten von Schüttgut. Dieses Verfahren umfasst den Schritt des Positionierens eines Förderers und einer Aufnahmevorrichtung relativ zueinander mit einem Abstand zwischen einem Auslass des Förderers und einem Boden eines Behälters, insbesondere eines Sacks, in der Aufnahmevorrichtung. Hierbei können die Positionierung des Förderers sowie eine Befestigung des Behälters in der Aufnahmevorrichtung in beliebiger Reihenfolge erfolgen. Daraufhin erfolgt ein Dosieren des Schüttguts mittels des Förderers in den Behälter durch eine Einfüllöffnung des Behälters. Wenigstens eine Messgrösse wird zumindest während des Dosierens gemessen, wobei insbesondere eine Stromaufnahme des Förderers, eine Gewicht des dosierten Schüttguts, eine Füllhöhe des Schüttguts im Behälter, ein dosiertes Volumen des Schüttguts oder auch eine Dosierzeit gemessen wird. Es kann auch eine aufeinander folgende oder gleichzeitige Messung der vorgenannten Messgrössen erfolgen. Daraufhin erfolgt eine Einstellung des Abstandes zwischen Auslass und Boden in Abhängigkeit von zumindest einer der gemessenen Messgrössen während des Dosierens.The present invention also relates to a method for dosing and compacting bulk material. This method comprises the step of positioning a conveyor and a receiving device relative to one another with a distance between an outlet of the conveyor and a bottom of a container, in particular a bag, in the receiving device. Here you can the positioning of the conveyor and attachment of the container in the receiving device in any order. This is followed by dosing of the bulk material by means of the conveyor into the container through a filling opening of the container. At least one measured variable is measured at least during metering, wherein in particular a current consumption of the conveyor, a weight of the metered bulk material, a filling level of the bulk material in the container, a metered volume of the bulk material or a metering time is measured. It is also possible to carry out a sequential or simultaneous measurement of the aforementioned measured quantities. This is followed by adjusting the distance between the outlet and the bottom as a function of at least one of the measured variables measured during dosing.

Dieses Verfahren wird insbesondere mit einer Vorrichtung wie oben beschrieben ausgeführt und weist daher alle Vorteile der oben beschriebenen Vorrichtung auf.This method is carried out in particular with a device as described above and therefore has all the advantages of the device described above.

Ein Abstand zwischen Auslass und Boden ist im Sinne der Anmeldung definiert als Abstand parallel zur Schwerkraft zwischen dem tiefsten Punkt des Bodens im Bereich einer Projektion des Auslasses parallel zur Schwerkraft auf den Boden sowie dem Mittelwert des tiefsten und höchsten Punktes des Auslasses bei bestimmungsgemässem Gebrauch ausschliesslich unter Berücksichtigung des Abstandes in Richtung der Schwerkraft. Mit anderen Worten, ein Abstand senkrecht zur Richtung der Schwerkraft wird nicht berücksichtigt.A distance between outlet and floor is defined as the distance parallel to gravity between the lowest point of the floor in the area of a projection of the outlet parallel to gravity on the floor and the mean of the lowest and highest point of the outlet when used as intended exclusively below Consideration of the distance in the direction of gravity. In other words, a distance perpendicular to the direction of gravity is not considered.

Bevorzugt wird in dem Verfahren als Förderer ein Schneckenförderer verwendet, wobei die Aufnahmevorrichtung und der Auslass in Abhängigkeit eines gemessenen Drehmoments relativ zueinander positioniert werden. Insbesondere wird die Aufnahmevorrichtung relativ zum Auslass positioniert.Preferably, a screw conveyor is used as conveyor in the method, wherein the receiving device and the outlet are positioned relative to one another in dependence on a measured torque. In particular, the receiving device is positioned relative to the outlet.

Auch diese Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens weist die oben beschriebenen Vorteile bezüglich der Drehmomentmessung und der Positionierung der Aufnahmevorrichtung relativ zum Auslass auf.This refinement of the method also has the above-described advantages with regard to the torque measurement and the positioning of the receiving device relative to the outlet.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist der Auslass fest positioniert. Besonders bevorzugt wird der Abstand während des Dosierens vergrössert. Insbesondere wird der Abstand in Abhängigkeit von der gemessen Messgrösse gesteuert und/oder geregelt.Particularly advantageous is the outlet firmly positioned. Particularly preferably, the distance is increased during dosing. In particular, the distance is controlled and / or regulated as a function of the measured variable measured.

Auch diese Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens weist die oben beschriebenen Vorteile bezüglich der Vorrichtung auf.This refinement of the method also has the advantages described above with respect to the device.

Insbesondere bevorzugt wird ein Abstand von weniger als 10 cm, bevorzugt weniger als 8 cm, besonders bevorzugt weniger als 5 cm und ganz besonders bevorzugt von weniger als 1 cm.Particularly preferred is a distance of less than 10 cm, preferably less than 8 cm, more preferably less than 5 cm and most preferably less than 1 cm.

Ganz besonders bevorzugt erfolgt die Einstellung des Abstandes kontinuierlich zumindest in einem Zeitabschnitt des Dosierens.Most preferably, the adjustment of the distance is carried out continuously at least in a period of dosing.

Dies hat den Vorteil, dass der Abstand nicht nur punktuell gesteuert und/oder geregelt wird, sodass die Positionierung in Abhängigkeit von der Messgrösse präziser erfolgen kann und damit die Staubentwicklung verringert und die Kompaktierung erhöht wird.This has the advantage that the distance is not only selectively controlled and / or regulated, so that the positioning depending on the measured variable can be made more precise and thus reduces the formation of dust and the compaction is increased.

Bevorzugt greift der Auslass während der gesamten Dauer des Dosierens in den Behälter ein.Preferably, the outlet engages in the container during the entire period of dosing.

Bevorzugt ist am und / oder im Behälter während des Dosierens eine Kompaktiereinrichtung zur Kompaktierung des dosierten Schüttguts fest in Relation zum Auslass angeordnet. Insbesondere ist die Kompaktiereinrichtung eine Einschnüreinrichtung, wobei der Sack zwischen Boden und Einfüllöffnung mittels der Einschnüreinrichtung eingeschnürt ist.Preferably, a compacting device for compaction of the metered bulk material is fixedly arranged in relation to the outlet on and / or in the container during dosing. In particular, the compacting device is a constricting device, wherein the bag is constricted between the bottom and the filling opening by means of the constricting device.

Besonders bevorzugt wird der Abstand während des Dosierens derart eingestellt, dass der Auslass zwischen dem Boden und einer Einschnüreinrichtung für zumindest 50 % der Doserzeit positioniert wird. Bevorzugt wird der Auslass zwischen dem Boden und der Einschnüreinrichtung für zumindest 70 %, besonders bevorzugt für zumindest 90 % und ganz besonders bevorzugt für 100 % positioniert.Particularly preferably, the distance during dosing is set such that the outlet between the bottom and a constricting device is positioned for at least 50% of the dosing time. Preferably, the outlet between the bottom and the necking device is positioned for at least 70%, more preferably at least 90%, and most preferably for 100%.

Dies hat den Vorteil einer besseren Kompaktierung des Schüttguts im Behälter und einer geringen Ablagerung von Schüttgut auf der Aussenseite des Förderers.This has the advantage of better compaction of the bulk material in the container and a low deposition of bulk material on the outside of the conveyor.

Eine weiterer Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung ist gerichtet auf die Verwendung einer Vorrichtung wie oben beschrieben zur Dosierung von Schüttgut. Insbesondere werden Schüttgüter aus der Liste der folgenden Produkte oder Mischungen daraus dosiert: Zement, Kalk, Kunststoff, Getreide, Gries, Mehl, Kleie, Futtermittel, Zucker, Salz.Another aspect of the present invention is directed to the use of a device as described above for metering bulk material. In particular, bulk materials from the list of the following products or mixtures thereof are metered: cement, lime, plastic, grain, semolina, flour, bran, feed, sugar, salt.

Diese Verwendung erfolgt mit einer Vorrichtung wie oben beschrieben gemäss dem oben beschriebenen Verfahren und weist deshalb alle entsprechenden Vorteile auf.This use is made with a device as described above according to the method described above and therefore has all the corresponding advantages.

Ein zusätzlicher alternativer Aspekt ist gerichtet auf eine Vorrichtung mit einem Schneckenförderer zum Dosieren von Schüttgut. Insbesondere entspricht die Vorrichtung der oben beschriebenen Vorrichtung. Zudem wird mit dem Schneckenförderer insbesondere Schüttgut verdichtet. Der Schneckenförderer ist bei bestimmungsgemässem Gebrauch im Wesentlichen vertikal angeordnet.An additional alternative aspect is directed to an apparatus having a screw conveyor for metering bulk material. In particular, the device corresponds to the device described above. In addition, with the screw conveyor in particular bulk material is compacted. The screw conveyor is arranged substantially vertically when used as intended.

Die Formulierung im Wesentlichen vertikal hat im Sinne der vorliegenden Anmeldung die Bedeutung, dass die Achse der Schnecke des Schneckenförderers bei bestimmungsgemässem Gebrauch im Wesentlichen parallel zur Schwerkraft ausgerichtet ist, insbesondere in einem Winkelbreiche von ± 20°, bevorzugt von ± 10° und ganz besonders bevorzugt ± 5° bezogen auf die Wirkungsrichtung der Schwerkraft.The expression substantially vertical in the sense of the present application has the meaning that the axis of the screw of the screw conveyor is aligned in normal use substantially parallel to gravity, in particular in an angular range of ± 20 °, preferably ± 10 ° and most preferably ± 5 ° with respect to the direction of gravity.

Diese Ausgestaltung der Vorrichtung hat den Vorteil, dass die Vorrichtung zum Dosieren von Schüttgut vereinfacht wird, da insbesondere keine gebogenen Rohre zur Förderung des Schüttguts in einem Behälter notwendig sind und zudem die Förderung des Schüttguts in den Behälter durch die Schwerkraft unterstützt wird und damit der Energieverbrauch gesenkt wird. Zudem wird durch die konstruktive Ausgestaltung der Vorrichtung das Risiko, das Produkt über längere Zeit in der Vorrichtung verbleibt, da es nicht zuverlässig gefördert wird, verringert. Dies kann beispielsweise der Fall sein, wenn insbesondere im Bereich von Krümmungen von Rohren, durch die das Schüttgut gefördert wird, sich Schüttgut ansammelt und nicht weiter transportiert wird, was unerwünscht ist.This embodiment of the device has the advantage that the device for dosing bulk material is simplified, since in particular no bent tubes for conveying the bulk material in a container are necessary and also the promotion of the bulk material is supported in the container by gravity and thus the energy consumption is lowered. In addition, the design of the device reduces the risk of the product remaining in the device for a long time because it is not conveyed reliably. This may be the case, for example, if, in particular in the region of bends of pipes through which the bulk material is conveyed, bulk material accumulates and is not transported further, which is undesirable.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen zum besseren Verständnis näher erläutert, ohne das die Erfindung auf die Ausführungsbeispiel zu beschränken ist. Es zeigen:

Figur 1:
Schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung in einer ersten Position;
Figur 2:
schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung in einer zweiten Position;
Figur 3:
Diagramm eines Dosiervorgangs von Griess in Abhängigkeit von der Zeit;
Figur 4:
schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung mit einer Einschnüreinrichtung in einer Startposition;
Figur 5:
schematische Darstellung der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung gemäss Figur 4 in einer Endposition;
Figur 6:
schematische Darstellung einer Einschnüreinrichtung in einer geschlossenen Position;
Figur 7:
schematische Darstellung der Einschnüreinrichtung gemäss Figur 6 in einer Offenstellung;
Figur 8:
schematische Darstellung einer alternativen Einschnüreinrichtung in einer geschlossenen Position;
Figur 9:
schematische Darstellung der alternativen Einschnüreinrichtung gemäss Figur 8 in einer Offenstellung.
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to embodiments for better understanding, without the invention being limited to the embodiment. Show it:
FIG. 1:
Schematic representation of a device according to the invention in a first position;
FIG. 2:
schematic representation of an inventive device in a second position;
FIG. 3:
Diagram of a dosing process of semolina as a function of time;
FIG. 4:
schematic representation of an inventive device with a Einschnüreinrichtung in a start position;
FIG. 5:
schematic representation of the inventive device according to FIG. 4 in an end position;
FIG. 6:
schematic representation of a Einschnüreinrichtung in a closed position;
FIG. 7:
schematic representation of the constriction according to FIG. 6 in an open position;
FIG. 8:
schematic representation of an alternative Schnüreinrichtung in a closed position;
FIG. 9:
schematic representation of the alternative constriction according to FIG. 8 in an open position.

In Figur 1 ist in schematischer Darstellung eine erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung 1 zur Dosierung von Schüttgut 2 dargestellt. Die Vorrichtung 1 weist ein Gestell 15 auf, in dem ein Schneckenförderer 10, eine Befestigungseinrichtung 26, eine Aufnahmevorrichtung 20 und eine Positionierungseinrichtung 27 angebracht sind.In FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of an inventive device 1 for dosing of bulk material 2 is shown. The device 1 has a frame 15 in which a screw conveyor 10, a fastening device 26, a receiving device 20 and a positioning device 27 are mounted.

Eine Schnecke 17 des Schneckenförderers 10 wird mittels eines Antriebs 13 angetrieben, d.h. in Rotation versetzt. Der Schneckenförderer 10 weist einen trichterförmigen Einlassbereich 14 auf mit einem Einlass 11. Zudem weist der Schneckenförderer 10 einen Auslass 12 auf, der in die Befestigungseinrichtung 26 eingreift.A worm 17 of the screw conveyor 10 is driven by means of a drive 13, that is set in rotation. The screw conveyor 10 has a funnel-shaped inlet region 14 with an inlet 11. In addition, the screw conveyor 10 an outlet 12, which engages in the fastening device 26.

In der Aufnahmevorrichtung 20 ist ein Sack 22 aufgenommen, wobei eine Einfüllöffnung 23 des Sacks 22 aufgenommen ist. Die Befestigungseinrichtung 26 ist Teil der Aufnahmevorrichtung 20. Ein Boden 24 des Sacks 22 wird von einer Auflagefläche 25 der Aufnahmevorrichtung 20 abgestützt. Der Boden 24 ist vom Auslass 12 des Schneckenförderers 10 mit einem Abstand d = 75 cm beabstandet.In the receiving device 20, a bag 22 is received, wherein a filling opening 23 of the bag 22 is received. The fastening device 26 is part of the receiving device 20. A bottom 24 of the bag 22 is supported by a support surface 25 of the receiving device 20. The bottom 24 is spaced from the outlet 12 of the screw conveyor 10 at a distance d = 75 cm.

Mittels der Positionierungseinrichtung 27 ist die Aufnahmevorrichtung 20 in vertikaler Richtung, d.h. parallel zur Achse der Schnecke 17 relativ zum Schneckenförderer 10, positionierbar.By means of the positioning device 27, the receiving device 20 in the vertical direction, i. parallel to the axis of the screw 17 relative to the screw conveyor 10, positionable.

Die Vorrichtung 1 weist zudem zwei Aufstellmittel 16 zur Ausrichtung und insbesondere zur Winkeleinstellung der Vorrichtung in Bezug auf die Wirkung der Schwerkraft auf.The device 1 also has two raising means 16 for alignment and in particular for adjusting the angle of the device with respect to the effect of gravity.

Im Betrieb wird Schüttgut 2 gemäss dem mit 2 bezeichneten Pfeil in den Einlass 11 gefördert und mittels des Schneckenförderers 10 in den Sack 22 dosiert, wobei ein Drehmoment des Schneckenförderers mit einer nicht gezeigten Messeinrichtung gemessen wird und der Abstand d zwischen Auslass 12 und Boden 24 mittels der Positionierungseinrichtung 27 in Abhängigkeit von dem gemessenen Drehmoment eingestellt wird.In operation, bulk material 2 is conveyed into the inlet 11 according to the arrow designated 2 and metered into the bag 22 by means of the screw conveyor 10, wherein a torque of the screw conveyor is measured with a measuring device, not shown, and the distance d between outlet 12 and bottom 24 by means the positioning device 27 is set in dependence on the measured torque.

In Figur 2 ist die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung gemäss Figur 1 in einer zweiten Stellung gezeigt. Gleiche Referenzzeichen bezeichnen gleiche Merkmale wie in Figur 1 beschrieben und werden nur bei Bedarf erneut erläutert.In FIG. 2 is the inventive device according to FIG. 1 shown in a second position. Same reference signs denote the same features as in FIG. 1 described and will be explained again only when needed.

Ein Schneckenförderer 10 mit einer Schnecke 17 greift in eine Befestigungseinrichtung 26 in einen Behälter 21 mit einer Einfüllöffnung 23 ein. Der Behälter 21 weist einen Boden 24 auf, wobei ein Auslass 12 des Schneckenförderers 10 benachbart zum Boden 24 des Behälters 21 positioniert ist, d.h. der Abstand d beträgt etwa 5 cm.A screw conveyor 10 with a screw 17 engages in a fastening device 26 in a container 21 with a filling opening 23 a. The container 21 has a bottom 24 with an outlet 12 of the screw conveyor 10 positioned adjacent to the bottom 24 of the container 21, i. the distance d is about 5 cm.

Im Betrieb wird nun Schüttgut 2 durch den Einlass 11 des Schneckenförderers 10 gefördert und mittels des Schneckenförderers 10 in den Behälter 21 dosiert. Während des Dosierens wird ein Drehmoment über die Stromaufnahme des Schneckenförderers bestimmt mittels einer nicht gezeigten Messeinrichtung, so dass bei einem Anstieg der Stromaufnahme eine Aufnahmevorrichtung 20 parallel zur Achse der Schnecke 17, d.h. parallel zur Wirkung der Schwerkraft, wegbewegt wird, wodurch sich der Abstand d vergrössert.In operation, bulk material 2 is now conveyed through the inlet 11 of the screw conveyor 10 and metered into the container 21 by means of the screw conveyor 10. During dosing, a torque on the current consumption of the screw conveyor is determined by means of a measuring device, not shown, so that with an increase in power consumption, a receiving device 20 parallel to the axis of the screw 17, i. moved parallel to the effect of gravity, whereby the distance d increases.

In Figur 3 ist ein Dosiervorgang für Schüttgut wie beispielsweise Griess in einen Sack mit einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung dargestellt.In FIG. 3 is a dosing of bulk material such as semolina in a bag with a device according to the invention shown.

Zum Zeitpunkt t0 wird eine Position 33 einer Aufnahmevorrichtung so gewählt, dass ein Abstand zwischen einem Boden des Sackes und einem Auslass eines Schneckenförderers < 5 cm ist.At time t 0 , a position 33 of a pick-up device is selected such that a distance between a bottom of the bag and an outlet of a screw conveyor is <5 cm.

Zum Zeitpunkt t0 wird der Dosiervorgang begonnen, wobei das dosierte Volumen durch die Kurve 35, d.h. das kumulierte Abfüllvolumen, dargestellt ist. Zur gleichen Zeit wird die Messung des Drehmoments begonnen, welches durch die Kurve 30 dargestellt ist, und mit einem Soll-Drehmoment 31 verglichen. Eine Schneckendrehzahl 34 einer Förderschnecke wird auf einen konstanten Wert nach einer Anlaufzeit von t1 eingestellt.At the time t 0 , the dosing process is started, the dosed volume being represented by the curve 35, ie the accumulated filling volume. At the same time, the measurement of the torque, which is represented by the curve 30, is started and compared with a target torque 31. A screw speed 34 of a screw conveyor is set to a constant value after a startup time of t 1 .

Sobald eine gewisse Menge Schüttgut in den Sack dosiert wurde, steigt das Drehmoment 30 über das voreingestelltes Soll-Drehmoment 31, woraufhin ein Abstand zwischen einem Auslass des Schneckenförderers und dem Boden des Sacks vergrössert wird. Hierzu wird die Aufnahmevorrichtung auf eine Geschwindigkeit 32 beschleunigt und somit von dem Schneckenförderer wegbewegt, wie im Bereich von t2 bis t3 mittels der Kurven bezüglich der Geschwindigkeit 32 und der Position 33 der Aufnahmevorrichtung dargestellt ist.Once a certain amount of bulk material has been metered into the bag, the torque 30 rises above the preset target torque 31, whereupon a distance between an outlet of the screw conveyor and the bottom of the bag is increased. For this purpose, the receiving device is accelerated to a speed 32 and thus moved away from the screw conveyor, as shown in the range of t 2 to t 3 by means of the curves with respect to the speed 32 and the position 33 of the receiving device.

Sobald eine vordefiniertes Abfüllvolumen gemäss der Kurve 35 bei etwa t4 = 4 Sekunden erreicht ist, wird die Regelung beendet und der Behälter so positioniert, dass dieser aus der Vorrichtung ab dem Zeitpunkt t5 entnommen werden kann.As soon as a predefined filling volume according to the curve 35 is reached at about t 4 = 4 seconds, the control is ended and the container is positioned so that it can be removed from the device from the time t 5 .

In Figur 4 ist eine erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung wie in Figur 1 in einer Startposition dargestellt. Im Unterschied zur Figur 1 weist die vorliegende Vorrichtung 1 eine Kompaktiereinrichtung umfassend eine Einschnüreinrichtung 29 auf, mittels der der Sack 22 im Querschnitt eingeschnürt wird.In FIG. 4 is an inventive device as in FIG. 1 shown in a start position. In contrast to FIG. 1 the present device 1 comprises a compacting device comprising a constricting device 29, by means of which the bag 22 is constricted in cross section.

Der Auslass 12 des Schneckenförderers 10 umfassend eine Schnecke 17 ist zwischen dem Boden 24 des Sacks 22 und der Einschnüreinrichtung 29 angeordnet. Die Einschnüreinrichtung 29, die einen Klemmhebel umfasst, ist zwischen der Befestigungseinrichtung 26 und dem Boden 24 angeordnet.The outlet 12 of the screw conveyor 10 comprising a screw 17 is arranged between the bottom 24 of the bag 22 and the constrictor 29. The constricting device 29, which comprises a clamping lever, is arranged between the fastening device 26 and the bottom 24.

Im Betrieb wird Schüttgut 2 durch den Einlass 11 mittels des Schneckenförderers 10 durch den Auslass 12 in den Sack 22 gefördert, der im Bereich der Einschnüreinrichtung 29 eingeschnürt ist. Sobald wie zu Figur 3 erläutert ein Soll-Drehmoment erreicht ist, wird der Sack 22 mittels der Positioniereinrichtung 27 positioniert, wobei der Boden 24 von dem Auslass 12 wegbewegt wird zu einer in Figur 5 dargestellten Position. Die Einschnüreinrichtung 29 und der Auslass 12 sind fest zueinander positioniert.In operation, bulk material 2 is conveyed through the inlet 11 by means of the screw conveyor 10 through the outlet 12 into the bag 22, which is constricted in the region of the constricting device 29. As soon as to FIG. 3 when a desired torque is reached, the bag 22 is positioned by means of the positioning device 27, the bottom 24 moving away from the outlet 12 becomes an in FIG. 5 position shown. The constrictor 29 and the outlet 12 are fixedly positioned relative to each other.

In Figur 5 ist die Endposition des Sacks 22 am Ende des Dosiervorgangs dargestellt, bevor dieser aus der Vorrichtung 1 entnommen wird. Auch gemäss Figur 5 ist der Sack 22 mittels der Einschnüreinrichtung 29 eingeschnürt. Der Auslass 12 befindet sich während 100 % der Dosierzeit zwischen dem Boden 24 und der Einschnüreinrichtung 29.In FIG. 5 the end position of the bag 22 is shown at the end of the dosing process, before it is removed from the device 1. Also according to FIG. 5 the bag 22 is constricted by the Einschnüreinrichtung 29. The outlet 12 is located between the bottom 24 and the constrictor 29 during 100% of the metering time.

In Figur 6 ist die Kompaktiereinrichtung umfassend die Einschnüreinrichtung 29 gemäss Figur 4 sowie eine Blende 18 in einer schematischen Draufsicht mit einem darin aufgenommenen Sack 22 dargestellt. Die Einschnüreinrichtung 29 ist am Gestell 15 befestigt und damit fest in Relation zum Auslass 12. Die Einschnüreinrichtung 29 bildet eine Öffnung 19, in die der Sack 22 aufgenommen ist, wodurch dieser eingeschnürt wird. In die Öffnung 19 greift der Auslass 12 ein und damit in den Sack 22. An dem Auslass 12 ist die Blende 18 fest angeordnet, die ebenfalls in den Sack eingreift. Die Blende weist einen Querschnitt im Wesentlichen komplementär zur Einfüllöffnung des Sacks 22 auf, so dass das Eingreifen der Blende 18 in den Sack ermöglicht wird und die verbesserte Kompaktierung erreicht wird.In FIG. 6 is the compacting device comprising the constricting device 29 according to FIG. 4 and an aperture 18 in a schematic plan view with a bag 22 received therein. The constricting device 29 is fixed to the frame 15 and thus fixed in relation to the outlet 12. The constricting device 29 forms an opening 19, in which the bag 22 is received, whereby it is constricted. In the opening 19, the outlet 12 engages and thus in the bag 22. At the outlet 12, the diaphragm 18 is fixed, which also engages in the bag. The baffle has a cross-section substantially complementary to the filling opening of the bag 22 so as to allow the engagement of the baffle 18 in the bag and to achieve the improved compaction.

In Figur 7 ist in schematischer Draufsicht die Einschnüreinrichtung 29 gemäss Figur 6 gezeigt. Die Einschnüreinrichtung 29 gemäss Figur 7 befindet sich in einer Offenstellung, so dass ein Sack 22 in der Vorrichtung befestigt werden kann und anschliessend die Einschnüreinrichtung 29 geschlossen wird zur Einschnürung des Sacks 22 in der Öffnung. Der Auslass ist hier nicht dargestellt.In FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of the constriction 29 according to FIG. 6 shown. The constricting device 29 according to FIG. 7 is in an open position, so that a bag 22 can be fixed in the device and then the constrictor 29 is closed to constrict the bag 22 in the opening. The outlet is not shown here.

In Figur 8 ist schematisch in einer Draufsicht eine als Einschnüreinrichtung 29 ausgebildete Kompaktiereinrichtung dargestellt. Die Einschnüreinrichtung 29 weist eine Öffnung 19 mit im Wesentlichen komplementär zum Querschnitt des Auslasses 12 auf, sodass der Auslass 12 in die Öffnung eingreift und ein Sack 22 zwischen der Einschnüreinrichtung 29 und dem Auslass 12 in der hier gezeigten Geschlossenstellung eingeschnürt ist. Dadurch hat der Sack im Bereich der Einschnüreinrichtung 29 einen im Wesentlichen kreisförmigen Querschnitt komplementär zum Querschnitt des Auslasses 112.In FIG. 8 is schematically shown in a plan view designed as a constriction 29 compacting. The constrictor 29 has an opening 19 substantially complementary to the cross section of the outlet 12 so that the outlet 12 engages the opening and a sack 22 is constricted between the constrictor 29 and the outlet 12 in the closed position shown here. As a result, the bag in the region of the constriction device 29 has a substantially circular cross-section complementary to the cross section of the outlet 112.

Die Distanz a der beiden mit 29 bezeichneten Elemente beträgt etwa 5 mm. Mit dieser Ausgestaltung der Einschnüreinrichtung 29 wird eine gute Kompaktierung im Betrieb erreicht.The distance a of the two designated 29 elements is about 5 mm. With this embodiment of the constricting device 29, a good compaction is achieved during operation.

In Figur 9 ist schematisch in einer Draufsicht die Einschnüreinrichtung 29 in einer Offenstellung ohne Auslass dargestellt. Vor der Einschnürung weist der Sack 22 einen im Wesentlichen elliptischen Querschnitt auf.In FIG. 9 is schematically shown in a plan view, the constriction device 29 in an open position without outlet. Before the constriction, the bag 22 has a substantially elliptical cross-section.

Claims (15)

  1. Method for metering and compressing bulk material (2), comprising the following steps:
    - positioning a conveyor and an accommodating apparatus (20) relative to one another with a distance (d) between an outlet (12) of the conveyor and a base (24) of a container (21), in particular of a bag (22), in the accommodating apparatus (20); and
    - metering the bulk material (2) continuously or as a batch process with pre-apportioning, by means of the conveyor, into the container (21) through an introduction opening (23) of the container;
    characterized in that, when the container (21) is being filled, the degree to which the bulk material (2) is compacted is increased by
    - measuring at least one of the following measurement variables: current consumption of the conveyor, torque of the conveyor, filling height of the bulk material (2) in the container (21), metering time; and
    - adjusting the distance (d) between the outlet (12) and base (24) in dependence on the measured measurement variable or a combination of the measured measurement variable and a measured weight of the metered bulk material (2) and/or a measured metered volume of the bulk material (2).
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the distance (d) is adjusted continuously at least over the course of one metering time period.
  3. Method according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that, during the metering operation, a compacting device for compacting the metered bulk material is fixed on and/or in the container (21) in relation to the outlet (12).
  4. Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the compacting device is a constricting device (29) and the container (21) is constricted by means of the constricting device (29) between the base (24) and introduction opening (23).
  5. Method according to Claim 4, characterized in that the distance (d) is adjusted during the metering operation such that the outlet (12) is positioned between the base (24) and the constricting device (29) for at least 50% of the metering time, preferably for at least 70%, particularly preferably for at least 90% and quite particularly preferably for 100%.
  6. Apparatus (1) for metering and compressing bulk material (2) for carrying out a method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, comprising
    - the conveyor for the bulk material (2),
    - a measuring device for measuring the at least one measurement variable, and
    - an accommodating apparatus (20) for accommodating the container (21), wherein the conveyor has an outlet (12) for the bulk material (2), and wherein the accommodating apparatus (20) and the outlet (12), as bulk material (2) is being metered into an introduction opening (23) of the container, can be positioned relative to one another in a controllable and/or regulatable manner, in dependence on the measurement variable or a combination of the measured measurement variable and a measured weight of the metered bulk material (2) and/or a measured metered volume of the bulk material (2).
  7. Apparatus (1) according to Claim 6, characterized in that the conveyor is designed as a screw conveyor (10), and in that the accommodating apparatus (20) and the outlet (12) can be positioned relative to one another in dependence on at least the measured torque.
  8. Apparatus (1) according to Claim 6 or 7, having a screw conveyor (10) for metering and compressing bulk material (2), characterized in that the screw conveyor (10), when used as intended, is arranged essentially vertically.
  9. Apparatus (1) according to either of Claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the conveyor is arranged such that the conveying direction of the bulk material (2) in the conveyor is essentially parallel to the action of gravitational force.
  10. Apparatus (1) according to Claim 9, characterized in that the accommodating apparatus (20) can be positioned in the conveying direction relative to the outlet (12).
  11. Apparatus (1) according to one of Claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the accommodating apparatus (20) has a supporting device, in particular a bearing surface (25), for supporting a base (24) of the container (21).
  12. Apparatus (1) according to one of Claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the apparatus (1) has a compacting device which is arranged, during operation, between the base (24) and introduction opening (23) and is intended for compacting the bulk material during the metering operation, wherein the compacting device is fixed relative to the outlet (12).
  13. Apparatus (1) according to Claim 12, characterized in that the compacting device is designed as a constricting device (29) for constricting a bag (22) accommodated in the accommodating apparatus (20), the device comprising an opening (19) for accommodating the bag (22), wherein during operation, when used as intended, the outlet (12) can be positioned between the base (24) of the bag (22) and the opening (19).
  14. Apparatus (1) according to one of Claims 6 to 13, characterized in that the apparatus (1) is designed as a bagging carousel.
  15. Use of an apparatus (1) according to one of Claims 6 to 14 for metering bulk materials (2) from the list of the following products or mixtures thereof: cement, lime, plastics materials, grain, semolina, flour, bran, animal feed, sugar and salt.
EP11763729.8A 2010-10-01 2011-09-30 Apparatus and method for dosing a bulk good Active EP2621814B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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EP11763729.8A EP2621814B1 (en) 2010-10-01 2011-09-30 Apparatus and method for dosing a bulk good

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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EP10186017A EP2436602A1 (en) 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 Method and device for dosing a bulk good
PCT/EP2011/067151 WO2012042034A1 (en) 2010-10-01 2011-09-30 Device and method for metering a bulk material
EP11763729.8A EP2621814B1 (en) 2010-10-01 2011-09-30 Apparatus and method for dosing a bulk good

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EP2621814A1 EP2621814A1 (en) 2013-08-07
EP2621814B1 true EP2621814B1 (en) 2016-02-10

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EP (2) EP2436602A1 (en)
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EP2436602A1 (en) 2012-04-04
EP2621814A1 (en) 2013-08-07
WO2012042034A1 (en) 2012-04-05
ES2569031T3 (en) 2016-05-06
US9266628B2 (en) 2016-02-23
CA2813105A1 (en) 2012-04-05
CA2813105C (en) 2018-03-20
US20130186515A1 (en) 2013-07-25

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