EP2598000B1 - Seat having a backrest which can be adjusted to form a precurved deformation - Google Patents

Description

Field of application of the invention

The present invention relates to a seat having a backrest adjustable in a pre-curved deformation. The backrest has a backrest support with a link chain of a variety of interconnected linked links. In particular, the invention relates to vehicle seats and chairs, including in the seat height adjustable office swivel chairs, wherein the inclination of the backrest follows a synchronous adjustment of the seat tilt. In typical equipment, a spring, preferably a gas spring, arranged for adjusting the seat height between the chair base and the mechanism resting thereon. In a particular embodiment, the backrest attached to the mechanism assumes a successively pre-curved deformation against the effect of the load by the action of a load from a basically vertical zero position to a maximum rearward tilting position.

State of the art

From the DE 36 04 534 A1 is known a seat, in the back of transverse elastic zones are provided for flexibility in leaning in by a user. The elastic zones are formed by transverse ribs bridged by film hinges. Between the transverse ribs are stopper elements, which collide at maximum allowable reverse bending.

The US 5,328,245 discloses a backrest having a multiplicity of elements which can be displaced horizontally relative to one another and which conform to the contour of a leaning user in the profile. After adjusting the profile for the individual user, the entirety of the elements can be locked. In the DE 10 2004 032 765 B4 is the problem of adjusting the backrest to the back profile of a user by a plurality of transversely across the flexible plastic back extending, superimposed chambers solved. The chambers can be inflated to varying degrees with air, so that they deform differently flexible to adapt to the individual user back.

The DE 42 16 159 A1 has a chair for the subject, the backrest synchronously carries the seat in the rear area lowering in reverse inclination. The backrest is at least twice, namely divided into an upper and a lower part, wherein the parts are hinged together via horizontal axes. Behind the backrest an upwardly projecting support arm is present, from which extends in the pelvic area a hinged cross lever to the backrest and there is also articulated. When the backrest is tilted backwards, it is lowered completely and the seat lowers slightly at the front and at the rear at the same time. Due to the displacement between the backrest and the support arm of the cross lever gets more in a horizontal position and thus pushes the lower part of the backrest to the user.

The chair according to the DE 195 02 485 C2 has a base on a base, which runs from below the seat to half the height of the backrest. Base and seat are connected by a hinged at its front region on both sides first lever. In the upwardly bent part of the base there is a bow which can be displaced in a curved groove and which is articulated to the rear area of the seat via a second lever which is articulated to the bow. From the upper end of the bracket extends with bilateral articulation, a third lever to the backrest. In the writing position, the user exerts a load on the front seat area, which lowers with it and pulls the bar upwards via the second lever and consequently also moves the backrest upwards as well as towards the user. If the user shifts his weight to the rear seating area, the seatback is lowered synchronously downward with the lowering seat.

The chair according to the WO 2007/038879 A1 has a base placed on the base, a patch on the base mechanism, one on the Mechanics mounted seat and attached to the mechanics backrest. The backrest has a backrest frame, which carries an elastically deformable backrest part with a back plate. The back plate has a back part to which a head attachment is connected. The backrest is pivotable about a first axis of rotation from a basically upright zero position to a rearwardly directed tilt position. The movements of the seat and backrest are synchronized with each other. With elastic deformation of the back part in a free space to the backrest frame, by the action of a force in the direction of inclination with in principle to the back of the user konkaver tendency, means for an opposite erection of the shoulder area as a transition zone of the back to the head and head attachment are provided. These means are essentially each one hinged between the back frame and the back plate on both sides support.

The US 6,986,549 B2 Finally, discloses a backrest support, which initially consists of two at the upper ends of V-shaped merging S-shaped flexible flexible webs. The webs are subdivided into a plurality of sections connected by film hinges. In the region of each film hinge, an opening is provided, and between the opposite openings in each case a pivotable in the vertical plane rigid rib is attached, which keeps the two webs at a distance. Under the seat, a plurality of tension cables are clamped, which are each secured by the front track through an opening transverse to the rear track at a next higher rib. When tilting back the backrest support, the connection of the pull rope together with the rib and adjacent sections of the tracks in the direction of the user is pre-curved due to an unavailable rope extension.

The DE 10 2006 030 674 A1 has a particular for a seat backrest subject, which is adjustable in a pre-curved deformation. The backrest has a backrest support with a link chain of a plurality of interlinked links. A flexible actuator of a rigid length extends from an upper fixed point, which is positioned on one of the links in the upper region of the backrest support, along the backrest support to a lower fixed point. Each link has a dog which engages the downward link. The flexible actuator is held in a guide assigned to the backrest support, which begins near the upper fixed point and ends at a gap which is upstream of the lower fixed point. Means for moving the actuator in the leadership and Vorrümmen the upper fixed point with associated member cause the adjustment of the backrest. The driver of the upper fixed point associated member causes the movement of the next member in the pre-curved position. The other drivers within the link chain each effect the adjustment of the coupled member in the pre-curved position.

Object of the invention

Based on the so far known prior art, the present invention seeks to propose a seat with perfected ergonomic function. In particular, if the backrest is in the back moving inclination position is located, the support of shoulder area and head of the user can be improved.

It should be noted that the seat can also be equipped with a so-called synchronous mechanism to effect tilt adjustment of the backrest adequate tilt adjustment of the seat, and fulfills the functions of an adjustable height in the office swivel chair.

Overview of the invention

The backrest designed for a seat is adjustable in a pre-curved deformation. The backrest has a backrest support with a link chain of a variety of interconnected linked links. A flexible actuator with a rigid length extends from an upper fixed point, which is provided on one of the links in the upper region of the backrest carrier, along the backrest support to a lower fixed point. Each link has a dog which engages the link located below. The flexible actuator is embedded in a guide provided on the backrest support, which extends from near the upper fixed point to a lower fixed point upstream space. For adjusting the backrest means for moving the adjusting element in the guide and Vorrümmen the upper fixed point are provided with associated member. The cam of the upper fixed point associated member, which engages in the disposed below, the next member is intended for moving this next member in the precurved position. The other drivers within the link chain each serve to move the coupled member in the precurved position.

1. a) die Rückenlehne durch Einwirkung einer Belastung von einer im Prinzip senkrechten Nullposition bis zu einer maximalen rückwärts gewandten Neigeposition eine sukzessive vorgekrümmte Verformung entgegen der Belastungseinwirkung einnimmt;
2. b) die Rückenlehne eine Rückstellfeder zur Einstellung der Rückenlehne in die Nullposition bei fehlender Belastungseinwirkung hat;
3. c) durch den Zwischenraum ein frei schwebender Längenabschnitt des Stelllements verläuft; und
4. d) beim Verstellen der Rückenlehne in Richtung Neigeposition die Mittel zur Längenveränderung des Längenabschnitts mit äquivalentem Verschieben des Stellelements in der Führung und Vorkrümmen des oberen Fixpunkts mit zugehörigem Glied vorgesehen sind.

The backrest is adjustable in inclination, whereby:

1. a) the backrest by the action of a load from a basically vertical zero position to a maximum rearward tilting position a successive pre-curved deformation against the load occupies;
2. b) the backrest has a return spring for adjusting the backrest in the zero position in the absence of stress;
3. c) passing through the intermediate space a freely suspended length portion of the Stelllements; and
4. d) when adjusting the backrest in the direction of tilting the means for length change of the longitudinal section are provided with equivalent displacement of the control element in the leadership and Vorrümmen the upper fixed point with associated member.

When adjusting the backrest in the direction of tilting the means for changing the length of the length section with equivalent displacement of the actuating element in the guide generate a shortening of the length section with equivalent insertion of the actuating element in the leadership and Vorrümmen the upper anchor point with associated member. The actuator has the shape of a leaf spring, an elastic rod or a Bowden cable or a rope.

1. a) einen Lehnenanschluss, der als Bestandteil des Lehnenträgers einerseits mit der Gliederkette verbunden ist und andererseits an einer an der Mechanik vorhandenen ersten Drehachse angelenkt ist; und
2. b) eine Stellanordnung, welche den unteren Fixpunkt aufweist und mit dem Lehnenanschluss verbunden ist.

The funds include:

1. a) a backrest connection, which is connected as part of the backrest support on the one hand with the link chain and on the other hand articulated to a present on the mechanism first axis of rotation; and
2. b) an actuating arrangement, which has the lower fixed point and is connected to the backrest connection.

1. a) ist auf einer Anschlussachse mit dem Lehnenanschluss verbunden;
2. b) weist Mittel zur Einstellung des Übersetzungsverhältnisses der von der maximalen Neigeposition bewirkten vorgekrümmten Verformung der Gliederkette auf; und
3. c) weist Mittel zur Voreinstellung einer vorgekrümmten Verformung der Gliederkette in der Nullposition auf.

The positioning arrangement:

1. a) is connected to the backrest connection on a connection axis;
2. b) has means for adjusting the transmission ratio of the pre-curved deformation of the link chain caused by the maximum tilting position; and
3. c) has means for presetting a pre-curved deformation of the link chain in the zero position.

1. a) einem sich in der Anschlussachse erstreckenden zweiten Achsstab, der in Lagern am Lehnenanschluss ruht;
2. b) zwei Lagerelementen, die auf der Anschlussachse geführt sind;
3. c) einer zwischen den zwei Lagerelementen positionierten Basis, die mit einer an sich feststehenden Sitzkomponente verbunden ist und einen ersten Achsstab besitzt, durch den sich eine Basisachse erstreckt und der beidseits in jeweils einem ersten Langloch in den zwei Lagerelementen geführt ist; und
4. d) einer Aufnahmeeinheit, an welcher sich der untere Fixpunkt befindet und die einen dritten Achsstab besitzt, durch den sich eine Verbindungsachse erstreckt und der beidseits an den zwei Lagerelementen angelenkt ist.

The actuator assembly consists of:

1. a) extending in the connection axis second axle rod, which rests in bearings on the backrest connection;
2. b) two bearing elements, which are guided on the connection axis;
3. c) a positioned between the two bearing elements base, which is connected to a per se fixed seat component and has a first axle rod through which a base axis extends and which is guided on both sides in a first slot in the two bearing elements; and
4. d) a receiving unit on which the lower fixed point is located and which has a third axle rod through which a connecting axis extends and which is hinged on both sides to the two bearing elements.

1. a) besitzt jedes der zwei Lagerelemente jeweils ein zweites Langloch, in dem die Positionierung des dritten Achsstabs einstellbar ist; und/oder
2. b) ist die Aufnahmeeinheit in sich verstellbar, z.B. durch Verlängerung bzw. Verkürzung in Relation zum dritten Achsstab.

To adjust the position of the lower anchor point:

1. a) each of the two bearing elements each has a second slot in which the positioning of the third axle rod is adjustable; and or
2. b) the receiving unit is adjustable in itself, for example by lengthening or shortening in relation to the third axle rod.

1. a) einer Aufnahmeeinheit, wobei:
   • aa) sich an der Aufnahmeeinheit der untere Fixpunkt befindet;
   • ab) die Aufnahmeeinheit ein Langloch hat, in welchem ein sich auf der Anschlussachse erstreckender Achsbolzen drehfest und verschieblich geführt ist; und
   • ac) sich von der Aufnahmeeinheit ein Fortsatz erstreckt; und
2. b) einer Justiereinheit, wobei:
   • ba) die Justiereinheit an einem zum Sitz gehörenden Sitzträger befestigt ist, vorzugsweise auf einer am Sitzträger angeordneten Hinterachse angelenkt ist;
   • bb) die Justiereinheit ein Prellelement hat, dessen Position sich mit einem Stellorgan variieren lässt; und
   • bc) das Prellelement an den Fortsatz anstösst, um die auf dem Achsbolzen geführte Aufnahmeeinheit gemäss Einstellung an der Justiereinheit zu positionieren.

Alternatively, the actuating arrangement consists of a second variant :

1. a) a recording unit, wherein:
   • aa) is located at the receiving unit of the lower fixed point;
   • ab) the receiving unit has a slot in which an axis extending on the connecting axle axle is rotatably and slidably guided; and
   • ac) extends from the receiving unit an extension; and
2. b) an adjustment unit, wherein:
   • ba) the adjusting unit is fastened to a seat carrier belonging to the seat, preferably articulated on a rear axle arranged on the seat carrier;
   • bb) the adjusting unit has a bouncing element whose position can be varied with an actuator; and
   • bc) abuts the bumper element on the extension in order to position the recording unit guided on the axle pin according to the setting on the adjusting unit.

The extension rests with a wedge surface on the baffle element and moves when adjusting the backrest in the direction of tilting position on the bounce down.

The link chain closes at the top with a head member, in which the upper fixed point is provided and followed by a first chain link followed, the other chain links. At the lower last chain link is followed by a bridge member which is rigidly connected to the backrest connection or integrally formed with the backrest connection. The link chain of the backrest support may be formed up to the shoulder area of the user or, extended in height, to over a head portion.

The movable links between the links of the link chain and preferably also between the lower last link and the bridge member are formed by hinges in the form of mutually positive elements or of film hinges. The link chain is provided on the side facing away from the seat part with rear stoppers, which block a bending of the link chain and bridge member, facing away from the seat part, to the rear. The link chain can be provided on the side facing the seat part with front stoppers, which block a pre-curved deformation against the load, facing the seat part, beyond a maximum amount defined addition.

1. a) dient beim Verstellen der Rückenlehne zwischen der Nullposition und der Neigeposition zum synchronen Bewegen des Sitzteils zwischen einer Nullneigung und einer Maximalneigung;
2. b) umfasst ein im Prinzip feststehend auf das Untergestell aufgesetztes Bodenteil, durch das sich die im Prinzip feststehende erste Drehachse erstreckt;
3. c) umfasst einen das Sitzteil stützenden Sitzträger, durch den sich eine zweite Drehachse erstreckt, an der Verbinder einerseits angelenkt sind, die andererseits an der ersten Drehachse angelenkt sind; und
4. d) besitzt eine sich durch das Bodenteil erstreckende dritte Drehachse, an welcher der Sitzträger angelenkt ist.

The mechanics applied to a base frame:

1. a) is used when adjusting the backrest between the zero position and the tilting position for synchronous movement of the seat part between a zero tilt and a maximum tilt;
2. b) comprises a fixed in principle fixed to the base frame bottom part, through which extends the fixed in principle first axis of rotation;
3. c) comprises a seat support supporting the seat support through which a second axis of rotation extends, are hinged to the connector on the one hand, on the other hand are hinged to the first axis of rotation; and
4. d) has a third axis of rotation extending through the bottom part, on which the seat carrier is articulated.

The backrest connection is attached to the connectors. The backrest connection is formed with two arms, and both arms have at the ends facing the connectors in each case a molded part, which is intended for attachment to the respective associated connector. At least some members of the link chain and optionally also the bridge member are provided with padding supports which serve to support a pad provided on the backrest. The cushion supports are fastened by means of connecting members on the respective member or extend integrally from the respective member.

1. a) ist ein einstückiges Kunststoff-Formteil; oder
2. b) ist mit den Polsterträgern ein einstückiges Kunststoff-Formteil; oder
3. c) ist mit den Polsterträgern und dem Brückenglied ein einstückiges Kunststoff-Formteil; oder
4. d) ist mit den Polsterträgern, dem Brückenglied und dem Lehnenanschluss ein einstückiges Kunststoff-Formteil.

The link chain:

1. a) is a one-piece plastic molding; or
2. b) is with the cushion supports a one-piece plastic molding; or
3. c) is a one-piece plastic molding with the cushion supports and the bridge member; or
4. d) is a one-piece plastic molding with the cushion supports, the bridge member and the backrest connection.

The return spring - for adjusting the backrest in the zero position in the absence of stress - is an additional function of the control element and to reinforce the reset function of the control element, a separate tension element can be fixed to the backrest support. In this case, the tension element is preferably fixed on the rear side facing away from the user of the backrest support between the head member and the bridge member. Alternatively, the return spring is formed by the hinges between the links and / or by the additional function of the actuating element and / or the separate tension element.

1. a) verschiedene Krümmungszonen mit variierter vorgekrümmter Verformung, mit im Prinzip unterschiedlichen Krümmungsradien ausgebildet sind; und/oder
2. b) differenzierte Steifigkeitszonen mit verschiedenem Verformungswiderstand ausgebildet sind; und
3. c) die verschiedenen Krümmungszonen mit den differenzierten Steifigkeitszonen miteinander überlagert ausgebildet sein können.

On the backrest support within the link chain:

1. a) different curvature zones are formed with varied pre-curved deformation, with in principle different radii of curvature; and or
2. b) differentiated stiffness zones are formed with different deformation resistance; and
3. c) the different curvature zones with the differentiated stiffness zones can be formed superimposed on one another.

1. a) ist in deren oberem Bereich in Relation zum unteren Bereich eine intensivere vorgekrümmte Verformung vorgesehen, um dem sich in den Sitz hineinlehnenden Benutzer von der Schulter aufwärts eine ihm weiter zugewandte Stützung zu bieten, was mit einer differenzierten Dimensionierung und/oder verschiedenem Materialeinsatz innerhalb der Gliederkette erzielbar ist; und
2. b) ist der Lumbalbereich in Relation zur übrigen Gliederkette mit einem höheren Verformungswiderstand ausgebildet, um den Benutzer damit in diesem Körperbereich fester zu stützen.

On the backrest support within the link chain, in a special design:

1. a) is provided in the upper region in relation to the lower region of a more intense pre-curved deformation to provide the leaning in the seat user from the shoulder upwards to him a more facing support, which with a differentiated dimensioning and / or different material use within the Link chain is achievable; and
2. b) the lumbar region is formed with a higher resistance to deformation in relation to the rest of the link chain in order to more firmly support the user in this body region.

Between the base frame and the mechanism, a spring, preferably a gas spring, arranged for adjusting the seat height. The seat is designed as a swivel chair. The base of the adapter assembly is attached to the bottom part of the mechanism or to an extending piston rod of the height gas spring.

The backrest support is provided on the side facing the user with a cushion, which has a lumbar area and may have a head portion at the top. In the lumbar region of the pad, a height-adjustable support member is provided, and the head portion is slidable in height.

Brief description of the attached drawings

Figur 1A -

einen erfindungsgemässen Stuhl in Form eines Bürodrehstuhls, mit einer um eine Kopfpartie verlängerten Rückenlehne, in aufrechter Nullposition, in perspektivischer Frontansicht;

Figur 1B -

den Stuhl gemäss Figur 1A, mit dem sichtbaren Lehnenträger erster Variante, in perspektivischer Rückansicht;

Figur 1C -

den Stuhl gemäss Figur 1A, in Seitenansicht;

Figur 1D -

den Stuhl gemäss Figur 1C, ohne Kopfpartie;

Figur 2A -

den Stuhl gemäss Figur 1A, in maximaler Neigeposition, in perspektivischer Frontansicht;

Figur 2B -

den Stuhl gemäss Figur 2A, in perspektivischer Rückansicht;

Figur 2C -

den Stuhl gemäss Figur 2A, in Seitenansicht;

Figur 2D -

den Stuhl gemäss Figur 2C, ohne Kopfpartie;

Figur 3A -

die Mechanik aus Figur 1A, in perspektivischer Frontansicht von oben;

Figur 3B -

die Mechanik gemäss Figur 3A, in Seitenansicht;

Figur 3C -

die Mechanik gemäss Figur 3A, mit aufgesetztem Sitz, in perspektivischer Frontansicht von unten;

Figur 3D -

den Aufbau gemäss Figur 3C, in perspektivischer Rückansicht von unten;

Figur 4A -

den Lehnenträger aus Figur 1B, ohne Polsterträger, in aufrechter Nullposition, in perspektivischer Frontansicht;

Figur 4B -

den Aufbau gemäss Figur 4A, in perspektivischer Rückansicht von unten;

Figur 4C -

den Aufbau gemäss Figur 4A, als prinzipielle Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 4D -

das vergrösserte Detail X1 aus Figur 4C;

Figur 4E -

das vergrösserte Detail X2 aus Figur 4C;

Figur 5A -

den Lehnenträger gemäss Figur 4A, mit Polsterträgern und Polster zu einer Rückenlehne komplettiert, in aufrechter Nullposition, in perspektivischer Rückansicht;

Figur 5B -

die Rückenlehne gemäss Figur 5A, in perspektivischer Rückansicht von unten;

Figur 5C -

die Rückenlehne gemäss Figur 5A, in perspektivischer Frontansicht;

Figur 5D -

die Rückenlehne gemäss Figur 5A, mit Schubelement, als prinzipielle Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 6A -

den Aufbau gemäss Figur 4A, mit Schubelement, in perspektivischer Explosivansicht;

Figur 6B -

das vergrösserte Detail X5 aus Figur 6A;

Figur 6C -

das vergrösserte Detail X6 aus Figur 6A;

Figur 7A -

den Aufbau gemäss Figur 4A, in maximaler Neigeposition, in perspektivischer Frontansicht;

Figur 7B -

den Aufbau gemäss Figur 7A, in perspektivischer Rückansicht von unten;

Figur 7C -

den Aufbau gemäss Figur 7A, als prinzipielle Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 7D -

das vergrösserte Detail X3 aus Figur 7C;

Figur 7E -

das vergrösserte Detail X4 aus Figur 7C;

Figur 8A -

das auf das Untergestell aufgesetzte Bodenteil der Mechanik, mit Einbauten, Verbindern, Lehnenanschluss, Stellanordnung und abgehobenem Sitzträger, in perspektivischer Draufsicht;

Figur 8B -

den Aufbau gemäss Figur 8A, in Perspektivansicht von unten;

Figur 8C -

den Aufbau gemäss Figur 8A, mit auf das Bodenteil aufgesetztem Sitzträger, in perspektivischer Draufsicht;

Figur 9A -

den Zusammenbau aus Mechanik, Lehnenanschluss, Formteilen und Stellanordnung in einer ersten Justierung, in Nullposition, als Prinzipdarstellung;

Figur 9B -

den Zusammenbau gemäss Figur 9A, in maximaler Neigeposition;

Figur 10A -

den Zusammenbau gemäss Figur 9A, mit der Stellanordnung in einer zweiten Justierung, in Nullposition;

Figur 10B -

den Zusammenbau gemäss Figur 10A, in maximaler Neigeposition;

Figur 11A -

den Zusammenbau gemäss Figur 9A, mit der Stellanordnung in einer dritten Justierung, in Nullposition;

Figur 11B -

den Zusammenbau gemäss Figur 11A, in maximaler Neigeposition;

Figur 12A -

den Zusammenbau gemäss Figur 9A, mit der Stellanordnung in einer vierten Justierung, in Nullposition;

Figur 12B -

den Zusammenbau gemäss Figur 12A, in maximaler Neigeposition;

Figur 13A -

einen Lehnenträger zweiter Variante, in aufrechter Nullposition, in perspektivischer Rückansicht;

Figur 13B -

die Gliederkette und Brückenglied aus Figur 13A, in aufrechter Nullposition, in perspektivischer Frontansicht;

Figur 13C -

den Aufbau gemäss Figur 13A, in aufrechter Nullposition, als prinzipielle Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 14A -

den Aufbau gemäss Figur 13B, in maximaler Neigeposition, in perspektivischer Rückansicht;

Figur 14B -

den Aufbau gemäss Figur 14A, in maximaler Neigeposition, in perspektivischer Frontansicht;

Figur 14C -

den Aufbau gemäss Figur 14A, in maximaler Neigeposition, als prinzipielle Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 15A -

den Aufbau gemäss Figur 9A, mit einer Stellanordnung zweiter Variante und daran angeschlossenem Stellelement mit Führung, in Nullposition, als prinzipielle Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 15B -

den Aufbau gemäss Figur 15A, in Perspektivansicht;

Figur 15C -

das vergrösserte Detail X7 aus Figur 15A;

Figur 15D -

den Aufbau gemäss Figur 15A, in maximaler Neigeposition, als prinzipielle Schnittdarstellung; und

Figur 15E -

das vergrösserte Detail X8 aus Figur 15D.

Show it:

Figure 1A -

a chair according to the invention in the form of an office swivel chair, with a backrest extended around a head section, in an upright zero position, in a perspective front view;

FIG. 1B -

according to the chair Figure 1A , with the visible backrest support of the first variant, in perspective rear view;

FIG. 1C

according to the chair Figure 1A , in side view;

FIG. 1D -

according to the chair Figure 1C without head end;

Figure 2A -

according to the chair Figure 1A , in maximum tilt position, in perspective front view;

FIG. 2B -

according to the chair FIG. 2A , in perspective rear view;

FIG. 2C -

according to the chair FIG. 2A , in side view;

FIG. 2D -

according to the chair Figure 2C without head end;

FIG. 3A -

the mechanics out Figure 1A in a perspective front view from above;

FIG. 3B -

the mechanics according to FIG. 3A , in side view;

FIG. 3C -

the mechanics according to FIG. 3A , with attached seat, in perspective front view from below;

Figure 3D -

according to the structure FIG. 3C , in perspective rear view from below;

FIG. 4A -

the backrest carrier FIG. 1B , without upholstery support, in upright zero position, in perspective front view;

FIG. 4B -

according to the structure FIG. 4A , in perspective rear view from below;

FIG. 4C -

according to the structure FIG. 4A , as a basic sectional view;

FIG. 4D -

enlarged detail X1 FIG. 4C ;

FIG. 4E -

enlarged detail X2 FIG. 4C ;

FIG. 5A

the backrest according to FIG. 4A , completed with upholstery straps and upholstery to form a backrest, in upright zero position, in a perspective rear view;

FIG. 5B -

the backrest according to FIG. 5A , in perspective rear view from below;

FIG. 5C -

the backrest according to FIG. 5A in perspective front view;

FIG. 5D -

the backrest according to FIG. 5A , with push element, as a basic sectional view;

FIG. 6A -

according to the structure FIG. 4A , with push element, in perspective exploded view;

FIG. 6B -

enlarged detail X5 FIG. 6A ;

FIG. 6C -

enlarged detail X6 FIG. 6A ;

FIG. 7A -

according to the structure FIG. 4A , in maximum tilt position, in perspective front view;

FIG. 7B -

according to the structure FIG. 7A , in perspective rear view from below;

FIG. 7C -

according to the structure FIG. 7A , as a basic sectional view;

FIG. 7D -

enlarged detail X3 FIG. 7C ;

FIG. 7E -

enlarged detail X4 FIG. 7C ;

FIG. 8A -

the bottom part of the mechanism placed on the underframe, with internals, connectors, backrest connection, positioning arrangement and lifted seat support, in a perspective plan view;

FIG. 8B -

according to the structure Figure 8A in perspective view from below;

FIG. 8C -

according to the structure Figure 8A , with seat carrier mounted on the bottom part, in a perspective plan view;

FIG. 9A -

the assembly of mechanics, backrest connection, moldings and actuator assembly in a first adjustment, in zero position, as a schematic representation;

FIG. 9B -

according to the assembly Figure 9A , in maximum tilt position;

FIG. 10A -

according to the assembly Figure 9A with the adjusting arrangement in a second adjustment, in zero position;

FIG. 10B

according to the assembly Figure 10A , in maximum tilt position;

FIG. 11A -

according to the assembly Figure 9A with the adjusting arrangement in a third adjustment, in zero position;

FIG. 11B -

according to the assembly Figure 11A , in maximum tilt position;

FIG. 12A -

according to the assembly Figure 9A with the adjusting arrangement in a fourth adjustment , in zero position;

FIG. 12B -

according to the assembly FIG. 12A , in maximum tilt position;

FIG. 13A -

a backrest support of the second variant, in an upright zero position, in a perspective rear view;

FIG. 13B

the link chain and bridge link off FIG. 13A , in upright zero position, in perspective front view;

FIG. 13C

according to the structure FIG. 13A , in upright zero position, as a basic sectional view;

Figure 14A -

according to the structure FIG. 13B , in maximum tilting position, in perspective rear view;

Figure 14B -

according to the structure Figure 14A , in maximum tilt position, in perspective front view;

FIG. 14C -

according to the structure Figure 14A , in maximum tilt position, as a basic sectional view;

FIG. 15A -

according to the structure Figure 9A , with an actuating arrangement of the second variant and adjoining control element with guide, in zero position, as a basic sectional view;

FIG. 15B

according to the structure Figure 15A in perspective view;

FIG. 15C -

enlarged detail X7 Figure 15A ;

FIG. 15D -

according to the structure Figure 15A , in maximum tilt position, as a basic sectional view; and

FIG. 15E -

enlarged detail X8 Figure 15D ,

embodiment

Reference to the accompanying drawings, the detailed description of an embodiment of the inventive seat with alternative designs of the backrest and adjoining actuator assembly follows below. The following definition applies to the entire further description. If reference numerals are included in a figure for the purpose of graphic clarity, but are not explained in the directly associated description text, reference is made to their mention in the preceding description of the figures. For the sake of clarity, the repeated designation of components in subsequent figures is usually dispensed with, as far as the drawing clearly shows that they are "recurring" components.

Figures 1A to 1D

The illustrated seat in the form of an office swivel chair consists of the resting on the floor underframe 1, resting thereon mechanism 2, on which the seat part 3 is mounted, and a backrest 4, which includes a head section h in comfortable equipment and provided with a pad 49 is. The undercarriage 1 typically has first a foot 10 - for example, a 5-star base - which rests on bottom elements 14, preferably rollers. To adjust the level of the seat part 3 and simultaneous suspension a Höhengasfeder 12 is inserted vertically in a standpipe 11 centrally in the foot 10 , which carries the mechanism 2 . The backrest 4 is structured in the backrest support 40 - here in a first variant - the upholstery support 48 and the pad 49 resting thereon . The backrest support 40 comprises a link chain 41, the bridge member 42 attached thereto at the bottom , which is connected to the backrest connection 43 , as well as the actuator assembly 45 in a first variant. At the link chain 41 and the bridge member 42 by means of connecting members 480 plate-shaped cushion support 48 are fixed, against which the pad 49 is applied. The backrest connection 43 leads to the mechanism 2 zoom. As a swivel chair, this can be pivoted about a vertical axis of rotation generally by 360 ° and remains in the unloaded state in the zero position, which is enforced by the bias of the spring assembly in the mechanism 2 and limited by a stop in the forward inclination.

• Nullneigung S₀ des Sitzteils 3: d.h. die Oberfläche des Sitzteils 3 ist zumindest im Prinzip horizontal;
• Nullposition R₀ des Lehnenträgers 40: d.h. die den Benutzer stützende Gliederkette 41 und Brückenglied 42 stehen im Prinzip vertikal und damit komplementär zur aufrechten Sitzhaltung eines Benutzers.

The zero position is defined by the following positions:

• Zero slope S _{0 of} the seat part 3: that is, the surface of the seat part 3 is horizontal, at least in principle;
• Zero position R _{0 of} the back support 40: that is, the user-supporting link chain 41 and bridge member 42 are in principle vertical and thus complementary to the upright posture of a user.

Through the mechanism 2 , the fixed in principle fixed first axis of rotation D1, about the first axis of rotation D1 pivotable second axis of rotation D2 and the principle also fixed third axis of rotation D3 extend. Also visible first are the fourth axis of rotation D4 and the fifth axis of rotation D5, which run through the actuating arrangement 45 .

FIGS. 2A to 2D

By the action of a load on the backrest 4 caused by a user, it can be completely moved into the maximally backward tilting position R _max . In the embodiment of the mechanism 2 as a synchronous mechanism, the seat part 3 follows from the previous zero slope S ₀ in the maximum seat tilt S _max . In accordance with the invention, the backrest 4 with the link chain 41 in the backrest support 40 deforms into a pre-curved deformation, so that the user leaning into the seat is supported in an upright position, in particular in his shoulder and head area, and his eyes are kept virtually horizontal.

In the backrest 4 , a return spring, not shown, is provided which causes the adjustment of the backrest 4 with the backrest support 40 in the zero position R ₀ in the absence of stress. The statements according to Figures 2A-2C are provided with the head part h , while in the execution according to FIG. 2D the link chain 41 is shortened and thus has no head section h .

FIGS. 3A to 3D

The mechanism 2 is in itself from the patent publications WO 2005/120291 A1 and WO 2007/038879 A1 known and consists essentially of the bottom part 20, the seat carrier 21 and the connectors 22 positioned thereon Bottom part 20 is fixedly placed with its opening 200 on the upper end of the extendable piston rod, arranged in a standpipe 11 height gas spring 12 . On the first axis of rotation D1 , the two angle-shaped connectors 22 are articulated, which are articulated on the other hand on the second axis of rotation D2 in the bearing recesses 210 in the rear region of the pivotable seat support 21 . In the front region, the bottom part 20 and the seat support 21 are connected to each other on the third axis of rotation D3 . On both sides of the seat support 21 each extends an armrest socket 24, in which the free end of the support arm of an armrest can be used. In addition, adjoining one of the armrest sockets 24 there may be an adjusting sleeve 25 in which an actuator rests which, when actuated, permits the adjustment of the so-called seat depth by the upholstered plate 30 mounted on the seat support 21 , which forms the underside of the seat 3 , from a Lock released and limited sliding is. On the mechanism 2 , the usual height adjustment lever 26 is provided to release the piston rod of the Höhengasfeder 12 from the lock and thus start the seat part 3 . The locking lever 27 serves to block the mechanism 2, so that the backrest 4 can not be moved from the vertical zero position into the tilting position R _max . Finally, a biasing lever 28 is provided, which serves to adjust the applied to the mechanism 2 , spring system, not shown, the force to be applied for the adjustment of the backrest 4 .

FIGS. 4A to 6C

This sequence of figures illustrates the structural design of the complete backrest 4 with the entire backrest support 40 with link chain 41, bridge member 42, backrest connection 43, moldings 44 and actuator assembly 45 in the current zero position R ₀ . The linkage chain 41 , which also comprises a head section h , begins at the top with a head link 410, which is connected to a first link 411 by means of a hinge 417 . This first member 411 is followed by further links 411 linked by hinges 417 , wherein the lowermost member 411 is connected via a hinge 417 to the bridge member 42 which is immovable. Each link 411 bears proportionately to an upper and a lower hinge 417 at. The upper hinge 417 is used to connect with the arranged above the respective member 411, member 411 and head member 410, and the lower hinge 417 is used to connect with the below the respective member 411 disposed member 411 and bridge member 42. A hinge 417 consists here of pins in the head member 410 and in the links 411 as well as pin holes in the links 411 and in the bridge member 42nd

On the front side between the links 410,411,42 a front stopper 413 is present, which limits the maximum possible vorgeneigte angular position between the links 410,411,42 . In any event, between the front stoppers 413 that belong to the head member 410 and the subsequent members 411 - namely, those members 410, 411 that move into the pre-curved deformation at the tilting position R _max - there is an open gap to move the members 410, 411 toward each other to allow against the impact. At the front stoppers 413 , the connection members 480 for mounting the cushion supporters 48 are mounted. On the rear side between the links 410,411,42 a rear stopper 414 is arranged, which prevents the rearwardly inclined angular position between the links 410,411,42 , therefore, the rear stopper 414 push each other without a gap. The head member 410 and the links 411 following in chains each have a driver 412, which pulls the downwardly next following member 411 into a prone inclined position from a predefined angle position.

The rear stoppers 414 enclose a passage, each with a cover plate 416 internally mounted on the link chain 41 , which together form the upper part of the guide 46 for the adjusting element 47 . The guide 46 terminates in the head member 410 with an additional cover plate 416 at the upper fixed point 415 as a clamping point for the actuator 47. From the bottom member 411 , the guide 46 merges into the elongate bridge member 42 and extends to the guide mouth 462 at the lower end of the bridge member 42nd . The actuator 47 extends from the upper fixed point 415 through the guide 46, occurs at the guide mouth 462 in a free space 460 and is taken at the lower fixed point 458 of a receiving unit 459 . Within the free space 460 , the actuator 47 extends in a curved course as a freely suspended length section a.

To attach the backrest support 40 to the two connectors 22 of the mechanism 2 , each of the two arms of the backrest connection 43 is provided at the lower end with a molding 44 having the first retaining contour 441 and the second retaining contour 442 to dock with the associated connector 22 . Between the two upwardly directed arms of the backrest connection 43 , the lower part of the bridge member 41 is installed.

• zwei als Winkel ausgebildeten Lagerelementen 453, die auf der fünften Drehachse D5 geführt sind;
• einer zwischen den zwei Lagerelementen 453 positionierten Basis 450, die mit dem Bodenteil 20 der Mechanik 2 oder mit der Öffnung 451, die ausfahrbare Kolbenstange der Höhengasfeder 12 umfassend, verbunden ist und einen ersten Achsstab 452 besitzt, durch den sich die vierte Drehachse D4 erstreckt und der beidseits in jeweils einem ersten Langloch 454 in den zwei Lagerelementen 453 geführt ist; und
• einer Aufnahmeeinheit 459, an welcher sich der untere Fixpunkt 458 befindet und die einen dritten Achsstab 457 besitzt, durch den sich eine sechste Drehachse D6 erstreckt und der beidseits an den zwei Lagerelementen 453 angelenkt ist.

The adjusting arrangement 45 is connected to the backrest connection 43 on the fifth axis of rotation D5 . For this purpose, a bearing element 430 is provided near the mold parts 44 on each arm of the backrest connection 43 in order to receive therein a second axle rod 456 through which the fifth axis of rotation D5 passes. The adapter assembly 45 further consists of:

• two formed as an angle bearing elements 453, which are guided on the fifth axis of rotation D5 ;
• a base 450 positioned between the two bearing elements 453 , which is connected to the bottom part 20 of the mechanism 2 or to the opening 451 comprising the extendable piston rod of the vertical gas spring 12 and has a first axle rod 452 through which the fourth axis of rotation D4 extends and which is guided in each case in a first slot 454 in the two bearing elements 453 on both sides; and
• a receiving unit 459, at which the lower fixed point 458 is located and which has a third axle rod 457 through which a sixth axis of rotation D6 extends and which is hinged on both sides to the two bearing elements 453 .

To adjust the position of the lower fixed point 458 , each of the two bearing elements 453 has a second elongated hole 455, in which the positioning of the third axle rod 457 is adjustable. In addition, the receiving unit 459 is adjustable in itself, for example, by their extension or shortening in relation to the third Achsstab 457. For this purpose, the front part of the receiving unit 459 - this is the lower anchor point 458 - from the interconnected rear anchor part of the receiving unit 459 - in this puts the third axle rod 457 - be set from a closest assembly to a selectable distance.

In the current upright zero position R _{0 of} the back support 40 and the current setting of the receiving unit 459 are - starting from the fixed fourth axis of rotation D4 - the fifth axis of rotation D5 above, in relation to the backrest support 40, before D4 and the sixth axis of rotation D6 in principle perpendicular above D5. The bearing elements 453 are such that the first slot 454 is almost horizontal and the second slot 455 are aligned almost vertically. The adjusting arrangement 45 is in a second adjustment (see also Figure 10A ), ie, the sixth rotation axis D6 with the anchor part of the accommodation unit 459 stuck thereon is in the lowermost position in the second elongated hole 455 , and the front part of the accommodation unit 459 is set at a distance from the anchor part.

With attached to the connecting members 480 plate-shaped cushion supports 48 and the pad 49 mounted thereon creates a complete backrest 4, which extends over the lumbar and shoulder area and the extending head portion h.

FIGS. 7A to 7E

This sequence of figures illustrates the details of the entire backrest support 40 in the maximum tilting position R _max now occupied by the action of stress on the backrest 4 . The rigidly interconnected assembly of moldings 44, backrest connection 43 and bridge member 42 is inclined backwards and has taken the entire link chain 41 . Due to the backward inclination of the bearing elements 430 on the backrest connection 43 has the fifth Rotated axis D5 moves downward and pulled in the first slots 454 on the fourth axis of rotation D4 bearing elements 453 in an inclined position. Starting from the fixed fourth axis of rotation D4 , the fifth axis of rotation D5 is now below, in relation to the backrest support 40, before D4 and the sixth axis of rotation D6 above D5. The bearing elements 453 are such that the first slot 454 and the second slot 455 are aligned V-shaped to the ground. The adjusting arrangement 45 is still in the second adjustment, thus the sixth axis of rotation D6 with the anchor part of the receiving unit 459 plugged into the second slot 455 is in the lowermost position and the front part of the receiving unit 459 is set at a distance from the anchor part.

Thus, by approaching the guide mouth 462 and the lower anchor point 458, the gap 460 has narrowed and the free-floating length a of the actuator 47 shortened. Due to the nature of the flexible actuator 47, the positioning of the guide mouth 462 and lower fixed point 458 and the forced course of the actuator 47 in the guide 46, at least a substantial proportion of the shortening of the length section a along the guide 46 is pushed against the upper fixed point 415 . A backward curved deformation between the links 410, 411 is excluded by the abutting rear stops 414 . Moreover, the rear positioning of the upper fixed point 415 on the head member 410 on start-up of the control element 47 favors its only forward bending against the load. The driver 412 on the head member 410 causes a likewise forward bending of the next member 411, which in turn pulls through the associated driver 412, the subsequent member 411 forward. Depending on the dimensioning, the pre-curved deformation continues only on a few next links 411 within the direction of the bridge member 42 , ie, the links 411 closer to the bridge link 42 in the lumbar region of the user could no longer be detected by the forward bending deflection. With a differentiated dimensioning within the link chain 41 can be in the upper region - substantially over the head portion h - a more intense precurved Deformation, as down in the direction of the bridge member 42 to the lumbar region of the user. Thus, the leaning in the seat user experiences from the shoulder upwards a support facing him further. Furthermore, 41 zones of different stiffness can be formed within the link chain, so that, for example, the lumbar area on the seat offers the leaning user a greater resistance to deformation - thus represents harder - and thus supports the user in this body area firmer.

FIGS. 8A to 8C

This sequence of figures illustrates in addition to the Figures 3A-3D the assembly of base frame 1, placed thereon bottom part 20 of the mechanism 2, connectors 22, backrest connection 43, positioning assembly 45 and initially lifted seat support 21 (s. FIGS. 8A and 8B ). The entire backrest support 40 is fastened with its backrest connection 43 to the connectors 22 . Here, the mold parts 44 are preferably bolted to the connectors 22 , and the first retaining contours 441 of the mold parts 44 engage behind unnamed apertures on the connectors 22 near the second axis of rotation D2. The base 450 of the actuator assembly 45 is seated with its opening 451 on the extending piston rod of the vertical gas spring 12 or could be attached to the bottom part 20 . When seated on the bottom part 20 seat support 21 (s. FIG. 8C ) are both connected to each other on the second rotation axis D2 and the third rotation axis D3 . Typically for a synchronous mechanism 2 , the seat support 21 follows a backward inclination of the backrest support 40 in the direction of maximum seat tilt S _max , which is lowered at the back . If the seat can be designed neither as a swivel chair nor can be adjusted in the seat height, also attaching the base 450 to another per se fixed part of the seat, for example, on the base 1, into consideration.

FIGS. 9A to 12B

The following four pairs of figures show the actuator assembly 45 first variant in four different adjustments, namely in each case in the zero position R ₀ of backrest support 40 with associated zero slope S _{0 of} the seat support 21 and in its maximum tilting position R _max with the associated maximum seat tilt S _max .

In the first adjustment (s. Figures 9A and 9B ) is the sixth axis of rotation D6 with the plug-in anchor part of the receiving unit 459 in the second slot 455 at the lowest position. So that one creates a small ratio of the effected from the maximum tilt position R _max pre-curved deformation of the link chain 41. In the front part of the receiving unit 459 setting without distance to the anchor part is obtained as the default setting in the zero position R ₀ of the backrest support 40 with an associated zero slope S ₀ of the seat carrier 21 no or only a minimal pre-curved deformation of the link chain 41. When changing from the zero position R ₀ / zero slope S ₀ in the maximum tilting position R _max / seat tilt S _max undergoes the link chain 41 in relation to their initial position, the lowest pre-curved deformation.

In the second adjustment (s. Figures 10A and 10B ) is the sixth axis of rotation D6 with the anchor part of the receiving unit 459 stuck in the second slot 455 also on the lowest position, the front part of the receiving unit 459, however, is set at a distance from the anchor part. When moving from the zero position R ₀ / zero slope S ₀ in the maximum tilting position R _max / seat tilt S _max , the gear ratio of the maximum tilting position R _max effected precambered deformation of the link chain 41 therefore remains unchanged for the first adjustment. On the other hand, there is now already a default setting in the zero position R ₀ of backrest support 40 with associated zero slope S _{0 of} the seat support 21 a more pre-curved deformation of the link chain 41. In the maximum tilting position R _max / seat tilt S _max is thus - compared to the first adjustment - A further precurved deformation of the link chain 41st

In the third adjustment (s. Figures 11A and 11B ) is the sixth axis of rotation D6 with the anchor part of the receiving unit 459 stuck in the second Slot 455 now in the uppermost position, and the front part of the receiving unit 459 is set without distance to the anchor part. Thus, one has chosen a large transmission ratio of the maximum tilting position R _max effected precambered deformation of the link chain 41 . The default of the pre-curved deformation of the link chain 41 in the zero position R ₀ of backrest support 40 with associated zero slope S _{0 of} the seat support 21 corresponds to the first adjustment. Due to the larger transmission ratio, a further precurved deformation of the link chain 41 will occur when the maximum tilting position R _max / seat inclination S _{max is reached} , compared to the first adjustment.

In the fourth adjustment (s. Figures 12A and 12B ), the sixth rotation axis D6 is in the second slot 455 in the uppermost position, and the front part of the receiving unit 459 is additionally set with distance to the anchor part. Thus, one has chosen a large transmission ratio according to the third adjustment and at the same time a default according to the second adjustment, so that in the maximum tilting position R _max / seat inclination S _max results in the most intense pre-curved deformation of the link chain 41 .

FIGS. 13A to 13C

Here is a backrest support 40 second variant shown in current upright zero position R ₀ . The link chain 41 is formed as a one-piece plastic molding, which starts at the top with a head member 410 , the links 411 follow each other. At the lower last member 411 is an integrally or joined together a bridge member 42 , which is rigidly connected to the backrest connection 43 or may be integrally formed with the backrest connection 43 . By way of example, the link chain 41 is elongated in height and formed with a head section h . The movable links between the links 410,411 and preferably also between the lowermost last link 411 and the bridge link 42 are formed by hinges 417 - eg film hinges. In the head member 410 , the upper fixed point 415 is provided by the guide 46 extends to the guide opening 462 on the bridge member 42 .

On the side facing away from the seat part 3 rear stoppers 414 are provided, which block a bending of link chain 41 with the transition to the bridge member 42, facing away from the seat part 3 , to the rear. The on the link chain 41 on the backrest support 40 of the first variant on the seat part 3 side facing front stopper 413 - to block a vorgekrümmte deformation against the load, ie the seat part 3 , to block beyond a maximum extent defined - are on the backrest support 40 second Variant not required.

The cushion supports 48 may extend integrally from the respective member 410,411,42 . The guide 46 for the longitudinally displaceable embedding of the actuating element 47 - from the upper fixed point 415 through the head member 410, the entire link chain 41 and the bridge member 42 to the guide mouth 462 - is designed and the actuator 47 designed so that when pushed upwards a slip loss is avoided by avoiding the actuator 47 .

Each member 410,411 in turn has a driver 412 which engages the lower member 411 located thereunder to draw it into the pre-curved deformation. While the dogs 412 in the backrest support 40 of the first variant are formed by interlocking curved contours with an end stop, the followers 412 in the second variant consist of a hook element within an open cut in the next link 411 with increasing pre-curved deformation of the preceding link 410,411 of this next link 411 pulls forward. Structure and function of the actuator assembly 45 in the first variant are unchanged.

The return spring, which is necessary for adjustment of backrest support 40 and the entire backrest 4 in the zero position R ₀ in the absence of stress, can advantageously by the hinges 417 between the members 411 be formed. For this purpose, for example, an elastomer with its dimensionally stable and elastic property would be suitable and the two-component injection molding method for the production of the backrest carrier 40 efficiently applicable. Alternatively causes the actuator 47 in the absence of stress, the adjustment of backrest support 40 and the entire backrest 4 in the zero position R ₀ . Here, the restoring action of the adjusting element 47 can be reinforced by an additional elastic tension element. This tension element is fixed between the head member 410 and the bridge member 42 , preferably on the rear side facing away from the user of the backrest support 40th

As set forth for the sequence of figures 7A-7E with the backrest support 40 first variant , you can also provide the backrest support 40 second variant , within the link chain 41 in the upper region - substantially over the head H - to achieve a more intense pre-curved deformation, while this Bridge member 42 decreases towards. For this purpose, one can design a differentiated dimensioning and / or different material use within the link chain 41 . In this way, the leaning in the seat user receives from the shoulder upwards him a further facing, quasi him oncoming ergonomically profitable support. At the same time it can form zones of different rigidity within the link chain 41 of the back support 40 of the second variant, in order to establish, for example in the lumbar region at the seat a higher deformation resistance and to support the user so that in this body area of fixed. Even with validity for the backrest support 40 first variant, thus 41 different curvature zones with varied pre-curved deformation - quasi different radii of curvature - and the curvature zones superimposed, differentiated stiffness zones form with different deformation resistance within the link chain.

FIGS. 14A to 14C

In the maximum tilting position R _max , the head member 410 and at least the nearest following members 411 of the link chain 41 have their pre-curved deformation against the loading action. The actuating element acting on the head member 410 at the upper fixing point 415 47 has moved with its driver 412 the connected member 411 , the driver 412 moves the next following member 411 in the same direction. Depending on the dimensions of the seat, this sequence continues in the link chain 41 correspondingly far in the direction of the bridge member 42 . With the pre-curved deformation between the links 410, 411 , the gap distances between the rear stoppers 414 open .

FIGS. 15A to 15E

This sequence of figures relates to the use of an actuating arrangement 45 ' second variant for the backrest support 40 first variant according to the Figures 1A-2C and 4A-7D or the backrest support 40 second variant according to the Figures 13A-14C , The receiving unit 459, at which the lower fixed point 458 is to anchor the adjusting element 47 , is now in one piece and has a slot 51 for receiving a longitudinally slidable 51 , but rotationally fixed axle pin 50. The axle 50 extends on the connection axis D5 and rests in the bearing elements 430 on the backrest connection 43. From the receiving element 459 extends to the seat support 21, an extension 52 with a wedge-shaped tip, which slidably attached to a bounce 61 of an adjusting unit 6 . From the fixed point 458, the adjusting element 47 projects through the interspace 460 with its section a , penetrates into the lower guide opening 462 of the guide 46 and extends within the guide 46 as far as the upper fixing point 415. The bridge element 42 is still received by the backrest connection 43 . In addition to the bounce 61 , the adjusting unit 6, the actuator 62, which is supported on the present on the seat support 21 stop 211 and is formed for example as a screw. The adjusting unit 6 is articulated on the rear axle D7 . In the case of movable or elastic formation of the bounce element 61 , the articulation on the rear axle D7 would be dispensable and can be replaced by an attachment on the rear of the seat carrier 21 . With deeper introduction of the actuator 62 in the bouncing element 61, for example by screwing, the latter is moved to the receiving unit 459 and this thereby shifted on the connection axis D5 with further insertion of the actuating element 47 in the guide 46 . This causes a feed on the upper fixed point 415 on the head member 410, so that the link chain 41 is forced into a further pre-curved deformation.

FIGS. 15A to 15C

Currently, there is the backrest support 40 and the entire seat back 4 in the null position R _0, and the pivot pin is located at the current setting on the actuator 62 50 maximum to the left in the slotted hole 51 of the receiving unit 459. The seat support 21 takes in the existing here mechanism 2 with Synchronous Movement between the backrest 4 and seat part 3 currently zero slope S ₀ a.

Figures 15D and 15E

When the backrest 4 is moved into the maximally backward tilting position R _max , the backrest connection 43 is lowered, taking the receiving unit 459 along with it. At the same time the extension 52 moves down the inclined baffle 61 and thereby pushes the receiving unit 459 on the axle 50 in the direction of lower guide mouth 462, so that the steep element 47 is advanced in the guide 46 against the upper fixed point 415 and the link chain 41 so successively in a more intense pre-curved deformation device. The receiving unit 459 moves within the slot 51 via the axle 50 to the left. By the mechanism 2 with synchronization between the backrest 4 and seat part 3 is lowered in the tilting position R _max on the fixed first axis of rotation D1 and the movable axes of rotation D2, D3, the seat support 21 back with the adjusting unit 6 .

Claims (14)

1. A seat having a backrest (4), wherein:

   a) the backrest (4) is able to be adjusted into a precurved deformation; and

   b) the backrest (4) has a backrest support (40) with a link chain (41) consisting of a plurality of movably interconnected links (410,411);

   c) a flexible actuating element (47) of fixed length extends from an upper fixed point (415) which is provided on one of the links (410,411) in the upper region of the backrest support (40), along the backrest support (40) to a lower fixed point (458);

   d) each link (410,411) has a drive element (412) which engages in the link (411) arranged thereunder;

   e) the flexible actuating element (47) is embedded in a guide (46) provided on the backrest support (40), said guide extending from the vicinity of the upper fixed point (415) to an intermediate space (460) mounted in front of the lower fixed point (458); and

   f) for adjusting the backrest (4):

   fa) means (43,45;43,45') are provided for displacing the actuating element (47) in the guide (46) and precurving the upper fixed point (415) with the associated link (410,411);

   fb) the drive element (412) of the link (410,411) associated with the upper fixed point (415), which engages in the next link (411) arranged thereunder, is intended for moving said next link (411) into the precurved position; and

   fc) the further drive elements (412) inside the link chain (41) in each case serve for moving the coupled link (411) into the precurved position, characterized in that

   g) the inclination of the backrest (4) is able to be adjusted, wherein:

   ga) by the load effect, the backrest (4) adopts a successive precurved deformation counter to the load effect, from a zero position (Ro), which in principle is vertical, to a maximum rearwardly facing inclined position (R_max);

   gb) the backrest (4) has a restoring spring for adjusting the backrest (4) into the zero position (Ro) in the absence of the load effect;

   gc) a freely floating longitudinal portion (a) of the actuating element (47) extends through the intermediate space (460); and

   gd) when adjusting the backrest (4) toward the inclined position (R_max) the means (43,45;43,45') are provided for the longitudinal alteration of the longitudinal portion (a) with the equivalent displacement of the actuating element (47) in the guide (46) and precurving of the upper fixed point (415) with the associated link (410,411).
2. The seat according to claim 1, characterized in that

   a) when adjusting the backrest (4) toward the inclined position (R_max), the means (43,45;43,45') for longitudinal alteration of the longitudinal portion (a) with equivalent displacement of the actuating element (47) in the guide (46) generate a shortening of the longitudinal portion (a) with equivalent insertion of the actuating element (47) into the guide (46) and precurving of the upper fixed point (415) with the associated link (410,411); and

   b) the actuating element (47) takes the form of a leaf spring, a resilient rod or a Bowden cable or a cord.
3. The seat as claimed in one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the means (43,45;43,45') comprise:

   a) a backrest connector (43) which, on the one hand, is connected to the link chain (41) as a component of the backrest support (40) and, on the other hand, is articulated on a first rotational axis (D1) present on the mechanism (2); and

   b) an actuating arrangement (45,45') which has the lower fixed point (458) and is connected to the backrest connector (43).
4. The seat as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the actuating arrangement (45,45'):

   a) is connected to the backrest connector (43) on a connection axis (D5);

   b) has means (455,457,459) for adjusting the ratio of the precurved deformation of the link chain (41) effected by the maximum inclined position (R_max); and

   c) has means (459,6) for preadjusting a precurved deformation of the link chain (41) in the zero position (Ro).
5. The seat as claimed in one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the actuating arrangement (45) consists of:

   a) a second axle rod (456) extending in the connection axis (D5), which rests in bearings (430) on the backrest connector (43);

   b) two bearing elements (453) which are guided on the connection axis (D5);

   c) a base (450) positioned between the two bearing elements (453), said base being connected to a fixed seating component (1,11,12,20) and having a first axle rod (452), through which a base axis (D4) extends and which is guided on both sides in each case in a first slot (454) in the two bearing elements (453); and

   d) a receiver unit (459), on which the lower fixed point (458) is located and which has a third axle rod (457), through which a connection axis (D6) extends and which is articulated on both sides on the two bearing elements (453).
6. The seat as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that for adjusting the position of the lower fixed point (458):

   a) each of the two bearing elements (453) in each case has a second slot (455) in which the positioning of the third axle rod (457) may be adjusted; and/or

   b) the receiver unit (459) is adjustable per se, for example by lengthening or shortening in relation to the third axle rod (457).
7. The seat as claimed in one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the actuating arrangement (45') consists of:

   a) a receiver unit (459), wherein:

   aa) the lower fixed point (458) is located on the receiver unit (459);

   ab) the receiver unit (459) has a long slot (51) in which an axle pin (50) extending on the connection axis (D5) is guided in a manner which is fixed in terms of rotation and displaceable; and

   ac) a projection (52) extends from the receiver unit (459); and

   b) an adjusting unit (6), wherein:

   ba) the adjusting unit (6) is fastened to a seat support (21) associated with the seat, and is preferably articulated on a rear axis (D7) arranged on the seat support (21);

   bb) the adjusting unit (6) has an impact element (61), the position thereof being able to be varied by an actuating member (62); and

   bc) the impact element (61) strikes the projection (52) in order to position the receiver unit (459) guided on the axle pin (50), according to the adjustment on the adjusting unit (6); and

   c) the projection may have a wedge surface which bears against the impact element (61) and is moved downward on the impact element (61) when adjusting the backrest (4) toward the inclined position (R_max).
8. The seat as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that

   a) the link chain (41) is terminated at the very top by a top link (410), in which the upper fixed point (415) is provided and to which a first chain link (411) is adjoined, followed by further chain links (411);

   b) a bridging link (42) adjoins the final bottom chain link (411), which is rigidly connected to the backrest connector (43) or is configured integrally with the backrest connector (43); and

   c) the link chain (41) of the backrest support (40) may be formed as far as the shoulder region of the user or, lengthened in height, beyond a top part (h).
9. The seat as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that

   a) the movable chain links between the links (410,411) of the link chain (41) and preferably also between the final bottom chain link (411) and the bridging link (42) are formed by hinges (417) in the form of elements positively connected together or film hinges;

   b) the link chain (41) is provided on the side remote from the seat part (3) with rear stops (414) which, remote from the seat part (3), block the link chain (41) and bridging link (42) from bending to the rear; and

   c) the link chain (41) may be provided on the side facing the seat part (3) with front stops (413), which block a precurved deformation counter to the load effect, facing the seat part (3), beyond a maximum defined mass.
10. The seat as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the mechanism (2) positioned on a lower frame (1):

    a) when adjusting the backrest (4) between the zero position (Ro) and the inclined position (R_max), serves for the synchronous movement of the seat part (3) between a zero inclination (S₀) and a maximum inclination (S_max);

    b) comprises a base part (20), in principle fixedly positioned on the lower frame (1), through which the first rotational axis (D1), which is fixed in principle, extends;

    c) comprises a seat support (21) supporting the seat part (3) through which a second rotational axis (D2) extends, to which connectors (22) are articulated, on the one hand, which are articulated, on the other hand, to the first rotational axis (D1); and

    d) has a third rotational axis (D3) extending through the base part (20), to which the seat support (21) is articulated.
11. The seat as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that

    a) the backrest connector (43) is fastened to the connectors (22);

    b) the backrest connector (43) is of two-arm configuration and both arms have in each case a molded part (44) at the ends facing the connectors (22), said molded part (44) being intended for fastening to the respectively associated connector (22);

    c) at least several links (410,411) of the link chain (41) and optionally also the bridging link (42) are provided with upholstery supports (48), which serve for supporting an upholstered part (49) present on the backrest (4); and the upholstery supports (48):

    d) are fastened by means of connecting links (480) to the respective link (410,411,42); or

    e) extend integrally from the respective link (410,411,42).
12. The seat as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the link chain (41):

    a) is an integral plastics molded part; or

    b) is an integral plastics molded part with the upholstery supports (48); or

    c) is an integral plastics molded part with the upholstery supports (48) and the bridging link (42); or

    d) is an integral plastics molded part with the upholstery supports (48), the bridging link (42) and the backrest connector (43); and

    e) the restoring spring for adjusting the backrest (4) into the zero position (Ro) when there is no load effect:

    ea) is an additional function of the actuating element (47) and a separate traction element may be fixed to the backrest support (40) for reinforcing the restoring function of the actuating element (47), wherein the traction element is fixed between the top link (410) and the bridging link (42), preferably on the rear side of the backrest support (40) remote from the user; or

    eb) is formed by the hinges (417) between the links (411) and/or by the additional function of the actuating element (47) and/or the separate traction element.
13. The seat as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that

    a) on the backrest support (40) within the link chain (41):

    aa) different areas of curvature are formed with a variable precurved deformation with, in principle, variable radii of curvature; and/or

    ab) different areas of rigidity are formed with variable deformation resistance; and

    ac) the various areas of curvature with the different areas of rigidity may be configured to be superimposed on one another; and/or

    b) on the backrest support (40) inside the link chain (41):

    ba) in the upper region thereof in relation to the lower region a greater precurved deformation is provided in order to provide to the user leaning into the seat, upwards from the shoulder, with a support oriented further toward the user, which may be achieved by different dimensioning and/or variable use of material inside the link chain (41); and

    bb) the lumbar region in relation to the remaining link chain (41) is formed with a greater deformation resistance, in order to support the user more firmly thereby in said body region.
14. The seat as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that

    a) a spring, preferably a gas spring (12), is arranged between the lower frame (1) and the mechanism (2) for adjusting the seat height;

    b) the seat is configured as a swivel chair;

    c) the base (450) of the adapter arrangement (45) is fastened to the base part (20) of the mechanism (2) or to an extending piston rod of the gas spring (12);

    d) the backrest support (40) is provided on the side facing the user with an upholstered part (49), which has a lumbar region and at the top may have a top part (h); wherein

    e) a height-adjustable support element is provided in the lumbar region of the upholstered part (49), and the top part (h) is vertically displaceable.

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