Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
  • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
  • F02D41/047—Taking into account fuel evaporation or wall wetting
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
  • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
  • F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
  • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
  • F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
  • F02D35/024—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure using an estimation
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
  • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
  • F02D35/025—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining temperatures inside the cylinder, e.g. combustion temperatures
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
  • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
  • F02D35/025—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining temperatures inside the cylinder, e.g. combustion temperatures
  • F02D35/026—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining temperatures inside the cylinder, e.g. combustion temperatures using an estimation
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
  • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
  • F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
  • F02D41/3818—Common rail control systems for petrol engines
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
  • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
  • F02M31/12—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating electrically
  • F02M31/125—Fuel
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M53/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
  • F02M53/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M53/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
  • F02M53/04—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means
  • F02M53/06—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
  • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
  • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
  • F02D2200/0606—Fuel temperature
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
  • F02D2250/02—Fuel evaporation in fuel rails, e.g. in common rails
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
  • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
  • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
  • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method and a device for controlling an engine operating with a direct injection of fuel, in particular gasoline, into a combustion chamber of the engine as well as the assembly of such a device and a circuit engine fuel supply. It will find its application, in particular, in the field of motor vehicles.
• particulate filters or FAP to reduce particulate emissions and achieve the standards of pollution control in force.
• gasoline engines the emission of particles is not yet regulated. If such standards were to become applicable, particularly in the form of maximum allowable particle sizes, their compliance would be particularly restrictive, particularly in the case of a direct injection engine.
• the emission of particles depends essentially on the presence of liquid fuel on the fixed or movable walls of the combustion chamber after fuel injection and the amount of gasoline not yet vaporized at the time of combustion.
• the air / fuel mixture preparation times in the chamber are low and the available space is reduced.
• combustion conditions can be improved by promoting evaporation of the fuel in the chamber, in particular by heating. But such a strategy requires a supply of energy that can affect the overall energy balance of the engine.
• the invention proposes to solve the problems mentioned above and for this purpose concerns a method of controlling an engine operating with direct injection of fuel, in particular gasoline, into a combustion chamber of the engine, in which process:
• Fuel heating improves the atomization of the fuel jet at the outlet of the injector and its evaporation in the combustion chamber. This promotes combustion and further reduces the risk of presence of fuel on the fixed or moving walls of the chamber, which limits the risk of particle emission. In addition, taking into account the operating conditions of the engine to perform this heating, it limits unnecessary energy consumption.
• the operating phase of the engine depends in particular on the parameters of the fuel, the engine and the external environment.
• the operating phase of the engine is determined by evaluating an operating point of said engine and / or by detecting one of its phases of life, in particular a starting phase;
• the temperature of the fuel is controlled before introduction into the combustion chamber
• said heating of the fuel is carried out before introduction into the combustion chamber, in the event of detection of said operating phases;
• the operating phase of the engine is determined by determining and / or estimating the temperature and / or the pressure in the combustion chamber and an evaluation is made of a temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction in the room, to from said temperature and / or said pressure in the combustion chamber;
• said temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction into the chamber is chosen to allow instantaneous evaporation of at least one fraction of fuel, when introduced into the combustion chamber, so that said fuel is introduced therein in the form of a liquid jet of fuel in which pockets of vapor appear upon introduction into the chamber;
• the temperature of the fuel is monitored before it is introduced into the chamber so as to prevent it from boiling;
• a step is taken to select the nature of the fuel and said heating is carried out taking into account the nature of the fuel selected.
• the invention also relates to a device for controlling an engine operating with a direct injection of fuel, in particular gasoline, into a combustion chamber of the engine comprising:
• the device comprises an engine control unit, said engine control unit comprising first processing means making it possible to establish said operating phase of the engine from information received by said control unit;
• the heating means comprise a current source, a heating resistor and means for placing said source of current in communication with said heating resistor;
• said control unit is connected to said means for bringing said current source into communication with said heating resistor and comprises second processing means for activating said means for communicating said current source and said heating resistor; depending on the operating phase of the motor;
• the device comprises means for measuring and / or estimating the pressure and / or the temperature in the combustion chamber, connected to said control unit, said control unit comprising third processing means allowing the evaluation a temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction into the chamber, from said temperature and / or said pressure in the combustion chamber;
• said device comprises means for controlling the temperature of the fuel before it is introduced into the combustion chamber.
• Said device is in particular provided capable of enabling the implementation of the previously described method.
• the invention further relates to an assembly of a control device as described above and a fuel supply circuit of the engine.
• said circuit has a ramp for introducing the fuel under high pressure into the engine and the heating means of said control device are provided in said ramp.
• FIG. 1 illustrates the phenomena involved in a fuel jet during the implementation of an exemplary embodiment of the process according to the invention
• FIG. 2 schematically illustrates an embodiment of the device according to the invention.
• the invention relates first of all to a method for controlling an engine operating with a direct injection of fuel, in particular gasoline, in a combustion chamber of the engine, to reduce the amount of particles emitted by the engine.
• a direct injection of fuel in particular gasoline
• This will include, in particular, stratified injection engines.
• particles is meant the solid compounds formed during combustion occurring in the combustion chamber. In other words, it is the solid products of the chemical reaction occurring between the fuel and the oxidant in the combustion chamber from, in particular, fractions of liquid fuel subjected to high temperatures.
• an operating phase of the engine is determined, in particular the operating point and / or the life phase, and heating of the fuel is carried out before introduction into the combustion chamber, as a function of the operating phase noted.
• this temperature can be controlled as a function of the fuel pressure before introduction into the combustion chamber and the pressure in the combustion chamber so as simultaneously to promote the evaporation of the fuel in the combustion chamber and to avoid boiling. fuel before its introduction into the chamber, including its light fractions.
• the operating phase or phases capable of generating a particle emission are detected and said heating of the fuel is carried out before introduction into the combustion chamber, in the event of detection of said operating phases.
• detection may take place, for example, by controlling the filling speed of a particulate filter provided in the exhaust of the engine. It may also take place by means of mapping associating temperature and / or pressure conditions in the combustion chamber and / or conditions outside the particle emission conditions.
• Said temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction into the chamber is chosen to allow the occurrence of a phenomenon known in English as "flash boiling" when introducing the fuel into the chamber .
• flash boiling is understood to mean instantaneous evaporation of at least one fraction of fuel, when it is injected into the combustion chamber, so that said fuel is introduced into it.
• a liquid jet 1 of fuel in which pockets 2 of steam appear on introduction into the chamber in the form of a liquid jet 1 of fuel in which pockets 2 of steam appear on introduction into the chamber.
• Such vaporization is made possible due to fuel heating combined with an abrupt variation between the fuel pressure before and after introduction into the chamber.
• Such an injection mode has the advantage of increasing the injection angle of the fuel into the injection chamber by instantaneous vaporization as soon as the fuel is introduced into the chamber. It also allows a better atomization of the jet and the decrease of the sizes of fuel drops, which leads to the increase of the vaporized fraction of fuel with identical duration and injection conditions compared to an injection at a lower temperature. Likewise, it makes it possible to reduce the penetration of the fuel jet into the chamber. In the end, it reduces the risk of liquid fuel being present on the fixed or moving walls of the chamber and increases the fraction of fuel in vapor form at the beginning of the combustion.
• a step is taken to select the nature of the fuel and said heating is carried out taking into account the selected fuel nature.
• It may be, for example, gasoline, alcohol, such as ethanol, or gasoline comprising a greater or lesser amount of ethanol.
• the invention also relates to a control device of an engine operating with a direct injection of fuel, including gasoline, into a combustion chamber 3 of the engine.
• Said device comprises means for determining an operating phase of the engine and means for heating the fuel before introduction into the combustion chamber, according to said operating phase.
• a motor control unit 4 it comprises a motor control unit 4. It does not mean there a control unit of the engine operating parameters such as, the amount of fuel and / or air admitted into the chamber as well as the ignition timing, i.e., the moment at which the air / fuel mixture is ignited relative to a value of the rotation angle of a crankshaft of the engine.
• Said engine control unit 4 comprises, for example, first processing means for establishing said operating phase of the engine from information received by said control unit 4.
• Said means for determining an operating phase of the engine are provided capable of operating said control unit 4, for example, to determine the operating phase or phases of the engine capable of generating a particle emission, for example from mappings of the engine, in particular as a function of the temperature and / or the pressure in the combustion chamber and / or other information such as the filling speed of a particulate filter, provided at the exhaust of the engine, and / or external conditions. They will still be able to exploit it to obtain information relating to a phase of engine life.
• the heating means comprise a current source 5, a heating resistor 6 and means 7 for communicating said current source and said heating resistor.
• Said control unit 4 can then be connected to said means 7 for placing said power source 5 in communication with said heating resistor 6 and comprise second processing means enabling said communication means 7 to be put in communication with said source of power. current and said heating resistor according to said operating phase of the motor.
• Said device may also comprise means, in particular sensors, for measuring the pressure and / or the temperature in the combustion chamber, connected to said control unit 4.
• Said control unit 4 then comprises third processing means allowing the calculating a temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction into the chamber, from said temperature and / or said pressure in the combustion chamber.
• the device according to the invention further comprises means for controlling the temperature of the fuel before its introduction into the combustion chamber.
• Said means for controlling the temperature of the fuel before it is introduced into the combustion chamber comprise, for example, measuring means, in particular sensors 10, for the temperature and / or the pressure of the fuel before it is introduced into the combustion chamber. . These are connected to said control unit 4. Said means for controlling the temperature of the fuel before its introduction into the combustion chamber may also call on the engine control unit 4 to have the temperature determined by said third processing means and thereby effect a temperature control.
• They may also be provided able to control the temperature of the fuel before its introduction into the chamber so as to avoid boiling.
• the device according to the invention may further comprise means for selecting the nature of the fuel, said third processing means of the engine control unit 4 then being designed able to take into account the nature of fuel selected in their determination of the temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction into the chamber.
• the invention further relates to an assembly of a control device as described above and a fuel supply circuit of the engine.
• said circuit comprises, for example, a fuel tank 11, injectors 12 allowing the fuel to be introduced into the combustion chamber or chambers 3 of the engine as well as a supply line 15, connecting the tank 1 1 and the injectors 12.
• a pump 16 is provided along said feed line 15 for passing the fuel under high pressure.
• the sensors 10 of pressure and / or temperature of the fuel before its introduction into the combustion chamber or chambers are placed downstream of said pump 16. They may also be provided upstream.
• Said control unit 4 may be provided capable of controlling said injectors 12 and / or said pump 16.
• said circuit has a ramp
• the heating resistor may be provided in the injectors.
• injectors 12 configured to prevent cavitation of the fuel in the injector. Indeed, if such a cavitation may possibly allow evaporation of the fuel, it causes, however, a reduction of the effective cross section of the injector. On the contrary, with the boiling flash, there is evaporation in jet, that is to say downstream of the injector (s) 12.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
• Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
• Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=43566722

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Families Citing this family (4)

Family Cites Families (10)

• 2010
  • 2010-06-30 FR FR1002764A patent/FR2962170B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2011
  • 2011-06-30 CN CN201180032622.7A patent/CN103026041B/zh active Active
  • 2011-06-30 WO PCT/FR2011/051526 patent/WO2012001310A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2011-06-30 EP EP11743271.6A patent/EP2588739A1/de not_active Withdrawn

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