EP2581538B1 - Profile-free flame-retardant glazing with pivoting door - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to fire protection glazing to prevent the passage of fire and smoke in the event of a fire from one room to another, with at least two glass surfaces consisting of fire protection panes and arranged side by side, one of which has a glass door, while the other glass surface has a fixed element on the side and the form a stop element on the opposite side to the glass door.

Various types of room-separating fire protection glazing are known from the prior art. The DE 35 08 078 A1 describes fire protection glazing with a holder for fire protection panes, in which the individual panes are held by a frame construction encompassing the abutting edges of the fire protection pane. With this construction, it is sometimes considered disadvantageous that a frameless construction for fire protection glazing cannot be realized. Especially when moving elements such as doors or windows are to be integrated into the glazing, the large number of frame parts to be used for this purpose can impair the visual appearance and also reduce the passage of light.

The German utility model DE 298 19 678 U1 introduces fire protection glazing in which the vertical butt joints of the fire protection panes are sealed with a sealant are filled. This fire protection wall element also has a window which is installed in the fire protection wall element by means of a frame and a frame. With this solution, too, it can be felt to be disadvantageous that closable openings cannot be installed without a frame, which reduces the passage of light through the glazing.

In the European patent application EP 0 658 677 A1 describes a frameless fire protection glazing in which fire protection panes are attached to a free-standing support structure. The individual fire protection panes are fixed in this solution by means of holders, on which corresponding support plates are provided on the two sides of the fire protection pane, which are connected to one another by means of a screw connection guided through the fire protection pane and in this way hold the fire protection pane located in between in the press fit.

Generic glazing is from the European patent EP 1 566 514 B1 known. This discloses fire protection glazing with a plurality of grass areas arranged side by side, which are held at their upper and / or lower edge by a wooden profile. The glass surfaces are formed by fire protection panes placed directly on top of each other without a profile, adjacent fire protection panes being held by a sealant both on their horizontal and on their vertical butt joints. In at least one of the glass surfaces, the glazing also has a frame made of wooden profiles for a single-leaf or multi-leaf door or window. This frame is held on its edges only by the adjacent fire protection panes. Such an arrangement already enables a significantly improved light passage compared to the previously described solutions and is sufficiently stable and fire-proof. Nevertheless, even with this arrangement, wooden profiles cannot be completely dispensed with.

The EP 0 969 176 A2 discloses a frameless glass wing as a movably mounted or stationary wing of a door, a window or a facade or glass wall, with at least two panes of glass arranged in parallel, with a spacer running between the panes, with a support and / or arranged in the edge region of the panes Edge closure element, with a fitting part arranged in the edge region of the panes, the support and / or edge closure element and the fitting part being at least partially overlapped by at least one of the panes in the direction of view perpendicular to the wing plane, and preferably providing that the spacer and the stretcher - And / or edge termination element are preferably formed separately and at a distance from one another, the support and / or edge termination element being recessed in the region of the fitting part.

The DE 199 30 831 A1 discloses a fastening device for fittings of a frameless glass wing, which is designed as a rotatable or fixed wing of a door, a window or a fixed facade. The glass wing has two parallel, spaced-apart panes and a circumferential spacer on the outer region of the panes, which tightly encloses the interior of the panes and forms free spaces in the outer region of the panes for receiving a support and edge closure element, the support and / or edge closure element is glued to the panes. So that the two panes are thermally separated from one another, the support and / or edge closure element and the spacer are made of heat-insulating material.

The object of the present invention is to further increase the passage of light in the case of glazing of the type mentioned at the beginning. The glazing should nevertheless have good fire protection properties and smoke tightness as well as a high degree of stability.

The object is achieved by fire protection glazing according to claim 1.
Advantageously, in the fire protection glazing according to the invention, there are no supporting profiles or frames made of wood or metal in the glass surface. As a result, the glazing is not only characterized by a particularly high level of light transmission, but it also looks light and appealing due to the all-glass construction, since you can see the fire protection properties less than with the previously known solutions. In addition, the formation of the step rebate has the advantage that this shape of the abutting edges of the glass door on the one hand and the corresponding shaping of the abutting edges of the upper fixed element, the lateral fixed element and the stop element create a stop area. This stop area can be equipped with further functionalities by means of the groove provided in the abutting edges, as with a smoke seal and / or other fire protection measures without the need for a frame.

The fire protection panes of the aforementioned type according to the invention are known in principle. All types of glass panes are suitable for such fire protection panes. However, at least one of the glass panes preferably consists of safety glass, in particular single-pane safety glass or laminated safety glass. This is particularly advantageous, since at extremely high temperatures in the event of a fire it breaks up into a large number of small fragments, which on the one hand pose a lower risk of injury and on the other hand adhere well to the fire protection gel even when broken and thus continue to protect the fire protection gel for a certain time protect from direct flame contact. Since toughened safety glass can no longer be cut after tempering, the cutouts for the attachment of hinges, locks and the like must be provided in the glass panes before the tempering. According to the invention, however, other glass panes can also be used, such as float glass.

The glass panes can independently have a pane thickness of 3 to 20 mm, preferably 5 to 10 mm. The distance between the glass panes can preferably be in the range from 5 to 50 mm. The spacing of the glass panes from one another is particularly preferably approximately 8 to 30 mm, since good fire resistance can be achieved in this way, in particular in the case of fire protection glazings filled with fire protection gel, with a moderate weight of the glazing.

In the case of gel-filled fire protection panes, the space between the glass panes is filled with a special fire protection gel. Fire protection panes filled with fire protection gel or hydrogel are, for example, in the EP 1 820 931 A1 and in the DE 10 2005 018 842 A1 described. Compared to the otherwise widely used fire protection windows with solid silicate-containing ones, these fire protection windows intumescent intermediate layers, for example based on water glass, the advantage that they can achieve a lower basis weight with a comparable fire resistance class. This means not only easier transportation of the panes, but also that the bracket and frame construction can be designed more easily due to the lower load.

Furthermore, the fire protection panes filled with fire protection gel are far less susceptible to penetrating moisture than the panes with solid silicate-containing intumescent intermediate layers, which leads to clouding of the intermediate layer in the latter, which requires the replacement of the pane.

Fire protection panes filled with a fire protection gel preferably consist of two parallel spaced glass panes made of toughened safety glass (ESG), which are fixed and connected to each other via a circumferential spacing profile lying in the edge areas between the glass panes and, for example, a polyurethane edge bond. The fire protection gel or the precomponents are filled through an opening in this spacer profile, in the latter case the gel formation taking place by polymerization to form the hydrogel in the cavity between the glass panes filled with the mixture. The fire protection gels used in the context of the invention can also contain additives such as silicates, UV protection agents or dyes.

In the present invention, the edge bond of the glass door and the edge bond of the fire protection panes in the region of the abutting edges, which directly adjoin the glass door, are offset inwards, in particular by forming a groove, in particular by at least 10 mm, preferably at least 15 mm inwards. This makes it possible, in the groove created by the inward displacement of the edge bond, to further improve the fire protection elements and / or to accommodate sealing elements. This has an advantageous effect on smoke and flame resistance in the area of the glass door.

The fire protection glazing according to the invention is characterized in that, in the region of the lateral and / or upper abutting edges of the glass door, the first of the glass panes of the glass door springs back compared to the second of the glass panes to form a step fold. A particularly preferred further development of the fire protection glazing according to the invention is characterized in that the recessed glass pane on the abutting edges of the fire protection panes of the optionally present upper fixed element, the lateral fixed element and the stop element in their sections adjacent to the glass door by at least 10 mm, preferably at least 13 mm Formation of a corresponding step fold springs back. This is advantageous because this shape of the abutting edges of the glass door on the one hand and the corresponding shaping of the abutting edges of the upper fixed element, the lateral fixed element and the stop element create a stop area. This stop area can be equipped with further functionalities, such as a smoke seal and / or further fire protection measures, by means of the groove provided in the abutting edges, without the need for a frame or profiles. In the context of the invention, an intumescent material is used in the groove which covers the inner surfaces of the groove. In this way, a reliable fire protection seal is created, because in the event of a fire, the intumescent material foams and in this way seals the glass door against the adjacent fixed glass elements. This effectively prevents the passage of smoke and fire over a longer period of time.

A sealing groove can also be formed in the intumescent material, into which a seal is inserted, in particular a lip seal. The seal can for example consist of rubber or silicone and have spring hooks with which it is held in the sealing groove. Such an arrangement offers the advantage that a seal improves the smoke seal contributes, especially at the beginning of a spreading fire. Because the trigger temperature of the intumescent material is often not yet reached at this point. At the same time, the seal also dampens the glass door during the closing process.

In addition to the lateral fixed element, the glass door can also be partially pivoted on the upper fixed element, although it is preferred if the glass door is held pivotably only on the lateral fixed element. Hinged hinges are particularly suitable for this purpose. These usually consist of several elements, namely two hinge elements which are connected to one another by means of a rotary bearing, and two fastening plates which are attached to the opposite outer surface. The hinge elements are usually fixed with screws or bolts to the respective mounting plates, whereby the fire protection window is held in the clamped position.

In the case of gel-filled fire protection panes, appropriate bushings must already be provided for this during their manufacture. These are expediently reinforced by spacers attached inside the fire protection panes, since gel-filled fire protection panes are sensitive to a pressure load caused by the clamp fit. Such spacers are for example in the German utility model applications DE 20 2011 100 310.1 and DE 20 2011 100 312.8 described, the content of which is fully incorporated into the present application.

In order to be able to lock the glass door in the closed state, the glass door can have a lock case with a lock latch on its side opposite the lateral fixed element, the lock case being in particular placed on the glass door. The lock case is expediently made of metal, and insulation strips made of a silicate material can be provided in the interior of the lock case, provided the facial expressions permit this. If the lock case this measure is not necessary, since the fire protection window fulfills the insulation function. However, it can be useful to provide insulation strips at least in the area of the bushings through the fire protection window, for example in the area of the bushing for a door handle.

Corresponding to this, the stop element on its side facing the glass door can have a stop box attached at the height of the lock case, which has a locking device corresponding to the lock latch, the stop case being placed in particular on the stop element.

If the lock case and / or the stop case are placed on the glass door or the stop element, these are typically fixed by means of screws or bolts guided through the respective fire protection disks with a fastening plate attached on the opposite side. The fire protection panes are clamped in, as already discussed above with regard to the hinges. Because of the reasons mentioned above, it is therefore also advisable here to reinforce the fire protection panes in the area of the passages from the lock or stop case by spacers attached to the inside of the fire protection panes.

In order to improve the tightness of the glass door, its lower butt edge can be provided with an internal floor seal.

The space between the abutting edges of adjacent fixed fire protection panes is typically filled with a silicone compound or a fire protection compound. In addition to this, the upper fixed element can be fixed to the lateral fixed element and / or to the stop element by means of at least one connecting element or corner element, in particular by means of a band-shaped, an angled, a round, oval, rectangular or square connector.

Fig. 1

eine bevorzugte erfindungsgemäße Brandschutzverglasung in der Draufsicht;

Fig. 2

eine ausschnittsweise Vergrößerung eines Bereichs entlang der horizontalen Schnittlinie I - I gemäß Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine ausschnittsweise Vergrößerung eines Bereichs entlang der horizontalen Schnittlinie II - II gemäß Fig. 1;

Fig.

4 eine ausschnittsweise Vergrößerung eines Bereichs entlang der vertikalen Schnittlinie III - III gemäß Fig. 1; sowie

Fig. 5

ein nicht beanspruchtes Beispiel einer Brandschutzverglasung mit nur zwei Glasflächen in Draufsicht.

The invention is described below with reference to Figures 1 to 5 described in more detail. Show

Fig. 1

a preferred fire protection glazing according to the invention in plan view;

Fig. 2

a partial enlargement of an area along the horizontal section line I - I according to Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 3

a partial enlargement of an area along the horizontal section line II - II according to Fig. 1 ;

Fig.

4 shows a partial enlargement of a region along the vertical section line III-III according to FIG Fig. 1 ; such as

Fig. 5

an unused example of fire protection glazing with only two glass surfaces in plan view.

In Fig. 1 A fire protection glazing 1 according to the invention for avoiding the passage of fire and smoke in the event of fire from one room into another is shown in a top view. The fire protection glazing 1 has three glass surfaces A, B, C consisting of fire protection panes 2 and arranged next to one another, a glass door 3 being provided in the inner glass surface B, above which an upper fixed element 4 (skylight) comprising a fire protection pane 2 is arranged. A fixed side element 5 is provided on the right side of the glass door 3 and a stop element 6 is provided on the left side. The lateral fixed element 5 and the stop element 6 extend over the entire height of the respective glass surfaces A, C.

A silicone mass is introduced between the abutting edges of fixed fire protection panes 2, which is shown in FIG Fig. 2 is explained in more detail.

The glass door 3 is designed as a stop door and is held directly and pivotably on the fire protection pane 2 of the lateral fixed element 5 by means of two hinge bands 7, 8. The upper fixed element 4 is fixed to the lateral fixed element 5 and the stop element 6 by means of an angled connecting element 9, 10 (corner holder). The axis of rotation d of the glass door 3 extends laterally from the door leaf between the glass door and the lateral fixed element 5.

The glass door 3 is further provided with a lock case 11, which has a closing facial expression which interacts with a stop case 12 on the stop element 6 and as a result of which the glass door 3 can be locked and unlocked.

Fig. 2 represents a horizontal section through the fire protection glazing along the line I - I according to Fig. 1 As can be seen therein, the fire protection pane 2 - like all the fire protection panes of the fire protection glazing shown - consists of two glass panes 2a, 2b spaced apart from one another by means of an edge bond 13 made of single-pane safety glass. The space enclosed by the glass panes 2a, 2b and the edge bond 13 is filled with a fire protection gel 14. The glass panes 2a, 2b are each 8 mm thick, the distance between the inner surfaces being 28 mm. The thickness of the fire protection pane 2 is 44 mm measured from the outer surface to the outer surface.

The fire protection gel 14 is produced, for example, as a hydrogel from a NaCl / MgCl ₂ salt solution with the addition of polymerizable compounds such as a mixture of acrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide, methylenebisarcylamide and a polymerization accelerator in water either before filling between the glass panes 2a, 2b or in-situ between the glass panes 2a, 2b produced by the above mentioned components are mixed together and filled directly into the cavity between the glass panes 2a, 2b. The polymerization to the hydrogel then takes place in the cavity between the glass panes 2a, 2b which is now filled with the mixture.

Gaps are formed between the abutting edges of two adjacent glass panes 2a, 2b, which are filled with a silicone compound 15. In the area between the edge bonds 13 of two adjacent fire protection panes 2, a strip 15a of an insulating material is used.

In Fig. 3 is a horizontal section II - II through the fire protection glazing 1 in the in Fig. 1 can be seen in the correspondingly marked position with a view downwards. It can be seen in this that the hinge band 8 has two hinge elements 8a, which are connected by means of screws 16 to fastening plates 8b attached on the opposite side of the fire protection pane 2, as a result of which the fire protection pane 2 is clamped. The hinge elements 8a are connected to one another via a pivot bearing 17.

The representation in Fig. 3 further shows that in the area of the lateral and upper abutting edges of the glass door 3, the first of the glass panes 2a, 2b of the glass door 3 springs back compared to the second to form a stepped rebate, in the present case approximately 13 mm and on the abutting edges of the fire protection panes 2 of the upper fixed element 4, the lateral fixed element 5 and the stop element 6 in their sections adjacent to the glass door 3, the second of the glass panes 2a, 2b springs back compared to the first to form a corresponding step fold, in the present case by the same amount. An intumescent profile strip 19 is inserted in the groove 18 formed between the abutting edges of the glass panes 2a, 2b and the edge bond 13. In the profile strip 19 assigned to the glass door 3, a sealing groove is formed, into which a lip seal 19a is inserted.

Fig. 3 further shows that the lock case 11 has two housing halves 11a, 11b, which rest on both sides of the fire protection window 2 and are connected to one another by screws, not shown here. The lock case 11 houses a closing facial expression with a lock latch 20 which can be actuated by means of a door handle 21.

Analogous to the lock case 11, the stop case 12 also has housing halves 12, 12b fitted on both sides of the fire protection window 2, which are connected to one another by means of screws, not shown. The stop box 12 also has on its side facing the lock case 11 at the level of the lock latch 20 via a latching device 22, into which the lock latch 20 can snap for locking the glass door.

In Fig. 4 is a vertical section through the fire protection glazing 1 in the lower region of the glass door 3 along the line III - III. This shows that the glass door 3 has an inner floor seal 23 on its lower abutting edge.

Fig. 5 shows a non-claimed example of fire protection glazing with two glass surfaces D and E consisting of the fire protection panes 2 and arranged next to one another, of which the glass surface D on the left in the drawing is designed as a glass door 3. The further glass surface E forms a lateral fixed element 5, on which the glass door 3 is held by means of the hinge straps 7 and 8 directly pivotable without a profile. On the lock side, the adjacent wall is preferably also designed as a stop element 6 without a profile.

Reference list

1

Fire protection glazing

2nd

Fire protection window

2a, b

Glass pane

3rd

glass door

4th

upper fixed element

5

lateral fixed element

6

Stop element

7

Hinge strap

8th

Hinge strap

8a

Hinge element

8b

Mounting plate

9

Corner bracket

10th

Corner bracket

11

Lock case

11a, b

Halves of the lock case

12th

Stop box

12a, b

Halves of the stop box

13

Edge bond

14

Fire protection gel

15

Silicone mass

15a

Insulation material

16

screw

17th

Pivot bearing

18th

Groove

19th

intumescent profile strip

19a

Lip seal

20th

Lock latch

21

Door handle

22

Locking device

23

internal floor seal

A, B, C, D, E

Glass surfaces

d

Axis of rotation of the glass door

Claims (12)

1. A fire resistant glazing (1) for preventing fire and smoke from penetrating from one room into another in case of fire, comprising at least two glass surfaces (D, E) composed of fire protection panes (2) and arranged next to each other, of which one comprises a glass door (3), whereas the other glass surface forms a lateral fixed element (5) with respect to the glass door (3) and the surface adjacent to the glass door (3) on the opposite side forms a stop element (6), wherein the glass door (3) is directly at least partly held in a pivoting manner at the lateral fixed element (5) without any profile, wherein the fire protection panes (2) comprise two fire-proof glass panes (2a, 2b) spaced apart in parallel from each other by means of an edging compound (13) and the space enclosed by the edging compound (13) between the fire-proof glass panes (2a, 2b) is filled with a fire protection gel (14), wherein the edging compound (13) of the glass door (3) as well as the edging compound (13) of the fire protection panes (2) is offset inwards in the area of the abutting edges, which are directly adjacent to the glass door (3), while forming a grove (18), and in the area of the lateral and/or upper abutting edges of the glass door (3) the first one of the glass panes (2a, 2b) of the glass door (3) recoils with respect to the second one of the glass panes (2a, 2b) for forming a rabbet, wherein an essentially U-shaped intumescent material (19) is inserted into the groove (18), which material (19) covers the inner surfaces of the groove, characterized in that the intumescent material (19) comprises a shorter leg that is essentially flush with the first glass pane (2a, 2b) and a longer leg that is essentially flush with the second glass pane (2a, 2b).
2. A fire resistant glazing according to claim 1,
   characterized by
   at least three glass surfaces (A, B, C) composed of fire protection panes (2) and arranged next to each other, one of the inner glass surfaces (B) of which comprising the glass door (3), and characterized in that the glass surface (A) adjacent to the glass door (3) on the opposite side of the lateral fixed element (5) forms the stop element (6), against which the glass door (3) directly strikes without any profile in the closed state.
3. A fire resistant glazing according to claim 1 or claim 2,
   characterized in that
   the glass surface (B) comprising the glass door (3) comprises an upper fixed element (4) which is arranged above the glass door (3).
4. A fire resistant glazing according to one of the claims 1 to 3,
   characterized in that
   the groove (18) comprises a depth of at least 10 mm, preferably at least 15 mm.
5. A fire resistant glazing according to one of the claims 1 to 4,
   characterized in that
   the recoiling glass pane is inwardly offset by at least 10 mm, preferably at least 13 mm with respect to the second glass pane.
6. A fire resistant glazing according to one of the claims 1 to 5,
   characterized in that
   a sealing groove is formed in the intumescent material (19), in which sealing groove a seal (19a), especially a lip seal is inserted.
7. A fire resistant glazing according to claim 6,
   characterized in that
   the seal (19a) comprises spring hooks, by means of which this one is held in the sealing groove.
8. A fire resistant glazing according to one of the claims 1 to 7,
   characterized in that
   the glass door (3) is exclusively held in a pivoting manner on the lateral fixed element (5), in particular by using hinge strips (7, 8).
9. A fire resistant glazing according to one of the claims 1 to 8,
   characterized in that
   on its side opposite the lateral fixed element (5) the glass door (3) comprises a lock case (11) having a lock latch (20), wherein the lock case (11) is arranged in the glass plane or is in particular attached onto the glass door (3) and comprises interior insulating strips made of a siliceous material.
10. A fire resistant glazing according to claim 9,
    characterized in that
    on its side facing the glass door (3) the stop element (6) comprises a stop box (12) arranged at the height of the lock case (11), which stop box (12) comprises a detent device (22) corresponding with the lock latch (20), wherein the stop box (12) is in particular attached on the stop element (6) and comprises interior insulating strips made of a siliceous material.
11. A fire resistant glazing according to one of the claims 1 to 10,
    characterized in that
    the lower abutting edge of the glass door (3) is provided with an interior floor seal (23).
12. A fire resistant glazing according to one of the claims 1 to 11,
    characterized in that
    the upper fixed element (4) is fixed on the lateral fixed element (5) and/or on the stop element (6) by means of at least one connecting element (9, 10), especially by means of a band-shaped, a wound, a round, an oval, a rectangular or a square connecting element.

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