DE102019108357B4 - Transport method for a fire and/or smoke protection glass pane and assembly method using this - Google Patents

Abstract

Transport method for transporting a fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) for a fire and/or smoke protection closure (10, 12) provided with a fire and/or smoke protection door (18) to an assembly site in a building (90), the A fire and/or smoke control glass pane comprises a first glass pane (28a) and a second glass pane (28b) and a spacer structure (30) spacing the first glass pane (28a) and the second glass pane (28b) so that between the first and second glass panes (28, 28b) a sealed cavity (40) is formed, which is filled with a transparent fire protection agent (42), the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) extending in a horizontal direction when used as intended from a first lateral outer edge (20) to a second lateral outer edge (22) and in a vertical direction when used as intended from a lower outer edge (24) to an upper outer edge and (26) and having a door cutout (16) spaced from the first lateral outer edge (20), the second lateral outer edge (22) and the upper outer edge (26) and extending from the lower outer edge (24). extends, comprising at least one or both of the following steps: t1) Supporting the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) with a transport frame (164) which has an outer frame (166) and inner cross braces (168) and is designed to be so stiff that even with one-sided lifting and a load of 1000 kg, there is no deflection of more than 500 µm anywhere; and/ort8) inserting a protective structure (200) into the door opening (16) such that the protective structure (200) holds opposite inner edges (32, 36) of the door opening (16) against movement towards one another and/or against relative movement transversely to the Glass level supported.

Description

The invention relates to a transport method for transporting a fire and/or smoke protection glass pane for a fire and/or smoke protection closure provided with a fire and/or smoke protection door to an assembly site in a building. The invention further relates to an installation method for closing a building opening with a fire and/or smoke protection closure, which has a fire and/or smoke protection glass pane to be transported with the transport method and a fire and/or smoke protection door. The invention further relates to a fire barrier and/or smoke barrier manufactured with such an assembly method and to a building provided with it.

A fire protection closure is understood here as a fire protection closure according to the German standard DIN 4102-5, i.e. a closure for an opening in a building which has the task of securing the opening against the passage of fire, and at least fire protection class T30 according to DIN 4102- 5, i.e. can withstand fire from one side for at least 30 minutes under the test conditions specified in this standard. A fire protection door is understood here as such a fire protection closure in the form of a self-closing door, in which case the fire protection door must still be able to be opened at the end of the 30-minute fire protection period. A fire-resistant glass pane is understood to mean a glass pane formed by a combination of individual glass panes arranged parallel and covering one another for such a fire-resistant closure. A shutter that does not meet the requirements of this definition is not a fire shutter for the purposes of the definition used herein, even if it is intended to perform fire-rated functions according to a prior art document, but compliance with the above requirements is not disclosed therein.

A smoke protection closure is understood here as a smoke protection closure in accordance with the German standard DIN 18095, i.e. a closure for an opening in a building which, when installed under the test conditions specified in DIN 18095, prevents the passage of smoke when installed and closed. Smoke protection doors (RS) are understood here to mean smoke protection closures according to the above definition in the form of doors that meet the DIN 18095 Part 1 standard. Smoke protection doors are therefore self-closing doors in accordance with the DIN 18095 standard, which are intended to prevent the passage of smoke when installed and closed. Their leakage rate does not exceed 20 m ³ /h for single-leaf doors and 30 m ³ /h for double-leaf doors, both with cold air and with air heated to 200 °C at an overpressure of 50 pascals. A smoke protection glass pane is understood to mean a glass pane formed by a combination of individual glass panes arranged parallel and covering one another for such a smoke protection closure according to the above definition. A closure that does not meet the requirements of this definition is not a smoke control closure within the meaning of the definition used here, even if it is intended to have smoke protection functions according to a prior art document, but the fulfillment of the aforementioned requirements is not disclosed therein.

A fire and smoke barrier is understood to mean a barrier for an opening in a building that meets both the above-mentioned requirements for a fire barrier and the above-mentioned requirements for a smoke barrier.

1. [1] Firmendruckschrift „Aluminium- und Stahl-Rohrrahmenobjekttüren“ der Hörmann KG Verkaufsgesellschaft mit dem Druckvermerk „Stand 08.2018 / Druck 08.2018 / HF 84563 DE / PDF“, veröffentlicht im August 2018 unter anderem über das Internet
2. [2] EP 0 803 634 A2
3. [3] EP 1 566 514 B1
4. [4] EP 2 581 538 A1

According to building regulations, buildings must often be separated into different fire sections and/or smoke protection sections in accordance with the fire protection concept required by building authorities. This can be achieved, for example, by appropriate walls with a fire protection function or smoke protection function. However, architects and builders often want the appearance of a very spacious room impression, which would be destroyed by the installation of partition walls. There is therefore a great desire to provide fire and/or smoke protection barriers that impair the spacious impression of the room as little as possible. For this purpose, the following references [1] to [4] from the prior art propose fire and/or smoke protection closures with a relatively large proportion of glass:

1. [1] Company publication "Aluminium and Steel Tubular Frame Project Doors" by Hörmann KG Vertriebsgesellschaft with the print note "Status 08.2018 / Print 08.2018 / HF 84563 DE / PDF", published in August 2018, including via the Internet
2. [2] EP 0 803 634 A2
3. [3] EP 1 566 514 B1
4. [4] EP 2 581 538 A1

The invention has set itself the task of advantageously supporting the production of a fire and/or smoke protection closure with a door and yet with a higher proportion of glass and a very high-quality visual appearance while improving the fire and/or smoke protection function in a building.

To solve this problem, the invention creates a transport method according to claim 1. An assembly method using the transport method and a fire and/or smoke protection closure obtainable therewith and a building provided therewith are the subject matter of the independent claims.

Advantageous configurations are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

According to one aspect thereof, the invention provides a transport method for transporting a fire and/or smoke-proof glass pane for a fire and/or smoke-proof closure provided with a fire and/or smoke-proof door to an installation site in a building, the fire and/or smoke-proof glass pane a first pane of glass and a second pane of glass and a spacer structure at the edges of the panes of glass for maintaining a spacing between the first and second panes of glass and for sealing a cavity so formed which is filled with a transparent fire retardant whereby the fire and/or or smokeproof glass pane extending in a horizontal direction when used as intended from a first lateral outer edge to a second lateral outer edge and in a vertical direction when used as intended from a lower outer edge to an upper outer edge and a door exterior delimited by inner edges section spaced from the first side outer edge, the second side outer edge and the top outer edge and extending from the bottom outer edge.

• t1) Unterstützen der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe mit einem Transportgestell, welches einen Außenrahmen und innere Querstreben und/oder eine Unterstützungsfläche zum Bilden verteilter Unterstützungspunkte aufweist und derart steif ausgebildet ist, dass auch bei einseitigem Anheben und einer Belastung von 1000 kg an keinem Unterstützungspunkt eine Auslenkung von mehr als 500 µm auftritt.

According to an alternative, the transport method according to the invention comprises the step:

• t1) Supporting the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane with a transport frame, which has an outer frame and inner cross braces and/or a support surface for forming distributed support points and is designed to be so stiff that even with one-sided lifting and a load of 1000 kg at no support point a deflection of more than 500 µm occurs.

• t8) Einsetzen einer Schutzkonstruktion in den Türausschnitt, so dass die Schutzkonstruktion gegenüberliegende Innenränder des Türausschnitts gegen eine Bewegung zueinander und/oder gegen eine relative Bewegung quer zu der Glasebene abstützt.

According to another alternative, which can be provided alone or together with the first alternative, the transport method according to the invention comprises the step:

• t8) inserting a protective structure into the door opening such that the protective structure supports opposite inner edges of the door opening against movement towards one another and/or against relative movement transverse to the plane of the glass.

• t2) Fixieren der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe auf dem Transportgestell, so dass Bewegungen quer zu ihrer Ebene unterbunden sind.

Preferably, the transport method includes:

• t2) Fixing the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane on the transport frame so that movements perpendicular to its plane are prevented.

• t3) Schrägstellen der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe während des Transports.

Preferably, the transport method includes:

• t3) tilting of the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane during transport.

• t4) Transport der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe mit dem oberen Außenrand nach unten gerichtet.

Preferably, the transport method includes:

• t4) Transport of the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane with the upper outer edge facing downwards.

• t5) Abstützen der Außenränder während des Transports.

Preferably, the transport method includes:

• t5) Supporting the outer edges during transport.

• t6) Abstützen der Innenränder mit wenigstens einem Abstandshalter.

Preferably, the transport method includes:

• t6) supporting the inner edges with at least one spacer.

• t7) gegenseitiges Abstützen der seitlichen Innenränder mit der Schutzkonstruktion, die die Innenränder formschlüssig umfasst.

Preferably, the transport method includes:

• t7) mutual support of the lateral inner edges with the protective construction, which encloses the inner edges in a form-fitting manner.

• k) Anheben und Einfügen der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe mit einem Hebewerkzeug in eine mit dem Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzabschluss zu verschleißenden Gebäudeöffnung.

Preferably, the transport method includes:

• k) Lifting and inserting the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane with a lifting tool into a building opening to be worn with the fire and/or smoke protection barrier.

• k1) Befestigen der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe mittels Saugnäpfen an dem Hebewerkzeug.

It is preferred that step k) comprises:

• k1) Attaching the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane to the lifting tool using suction cups.

• k2) Abstützen der seitlichen Innenränder gegeneinander mittels wenigstens einem zwischen die seitlichen Innenränder eingefügten Stützeinrichtung.

It is preferred that step k) comprises:

• k2) Supporting the lateral inner edges against one another by means of at least one supporting device inserted between the lateral inner edges.

• k3) verteiltes Befestigen der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe an mehreren verteilten Befestigungsflächen an dem Hebewerkzeug.

It is preferred that step k) comprises:

• k3) Distributed attachment of the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane to a plurality of distributed attachment surfaces on the lifting tool.

• k4) verteiltes Befestigen der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe an wenigstens sechs, acht oder zehn oder mehr Befestigungsflächen.

It is preferred that step k) comprises:

• k4) distributed attachment of the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane to at least six, eight or ten or more attachment surfaces.

• m1) Bereitstellen der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe und Transportieren der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe zu der Gebäudeöffnung mittels des Transportverfahrens nach einer der voranstehenden Ausgestaltungen;
• m2) Montieren der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzscheibe unter Befestigung der Außenränder in der Gebäudeöffnung;
• m3) Bereitstellen einer Feuer- und/oder Rauschutztür, die eine aus Zargenholmen, die außenseitig jeweils mit wenigstens einer Glashalteleiste zum Einfassen von Innenrändern des Türausschnitts versehen werden können, gebildete Zarge und wenigstens einen an der Zarge beweglich angelenkten oder anzulenkenden Türflügel aufweist,
• m4) Einfügen der Zarge ohne Glashalteleisten in den Türausschnitt der befestigten Feuer- und/oder Rauschutzscheibe; und
• m5) Befestigen von Glashalteleisten zum Einfassen der Innenränder des Türausschnitts an der eingefügten Zarge.

According to a further aspect, the invention provides an installation method for closing a building opening with a fire and/or smoke protection closure, which has a one-piece fire and/or smoke protection glass pane with a door cutout and a fire and/or smoke protection door in the door cutout, comprising:

• m1) providing the fireproof and/or smokeproof glass pane and transporting the fireproof and/or smokeproof glass pane to the building opening by means of the transport method according to one of the above configurations;
• m2) installing the fire and/or smoke protection pane by fastening the outer edges in the building opening;
• m3) providing a fire and/or smoke protection door, which has a frame formed from frame spars, which can each be provided on the outside with at least one glazing bead for enclosing the inner edges of the door cutout, and at least one door leaf which is movably articulated or is to be articulated on the frame,
• m4) Insertion of the frame without glazing beads in the door cutout of the attached fire and/or smoke protection pane; and
• m5) Fastening glazing beads to enclose the inner edges of the door cutout on the inserted frame.

In this case, one-piece means in particular that the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane has no glass joints, but rather a continuous glass surface on both main surfaces.

• Herstellen der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe mit den Schritten:
  • h1) Zuschneiden oder Herstellen der ersten und der zweiten Glasscheibe mit dem Türausschnitt,
  • h2) Zusammenfügen der ersten und der zweiten Glasscheibe mit der Abstandshaltekonstruktion unter Abdichten der Außenränder sowie der Ränder am Türausschnitt mittels Abstandshalte- und Dichtprofilen,
  • h3) Befüllen eines durchgängigen Hohlraumes zwischen den Glasscheiben mit dem Brandschutzmittel.

It is preferred that step m1) comprises:

• Production of the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane with the following steps:
  • h1) cutting or manufacturing the first and second panes of glass with the door cut-out,
  • h2) assembling the first and the second pane of glass with the spacer structure while sealing the outer edges and the edges of the door opening by means of spacer and sealing profiles,
  • h3) Filling a continuous cavity between the glass panes with the fire retardant.

• Ausschneiden des Türausschnitts an den Glasscheiben mit abgerundeten Ecken des Türausschnitts, wobei der Radius der abgerundeten Ecken größer oder gleich 10 mm, insbesondere 10 mm bis 20 mm, mehr insbesondere 12 bis 15 mm beträgt.

It is preferred that step h1) comprises:

• Cutting out the door cutout on the glass panes with rounded corners of the door cutout, the radius of the rounded corners being greater than or equal to 10 mm, in particular 10 mm to 20 mm, more in particular 12 to 15 mm.

• h1 a) Herstellen der ersten und der zweiten Glasscheibe mit einer Dicke von 6 mm bis 20 mm, vorzugsweise 8 mm bis 15 mm, mehr insbesondere 9 mm bis 11 mm.

It is preferred that step h1) comprises:

• h1 a) Production of the first and the second glass pane with a thickness of 6 mm to 20 mm, preferably 8 mm to 15 mm, more particularly 9 mm to 11 mm.

• h1 b) Herstellen der ersten und/oder der zweiten Glasscheibe aus Einscheibensicherheitsglas.

It is preferred that step h1) comprises:

• h1 b) producing the first and/or the second pane of toughened safety glass.

• h1 c) Zuschneiden der ersten und der zweiten Glasscheibe mit dem Türausschnitt.

It is preferred that step h1) comprises:

• h1 c) Cutting out the first and second panes of glass with the door cut-out.

• h1 d) Bereitstellen der ersten und der zweiten Glasscheibe mit gleicher Dicke.

It is preferred that step h1) comprises:

• h1 d) providing the first and the second glass pane with the same thickness.

• h1e) Bereitstellen der ersten und der zweiten Glasscheibe mit einer in Draufsicht auf deren Hauptebene im Wesentlichen U-förmigen Gestalt.

It is preferred that step h1) comprises:

• h1e) providing the first and the second glass pane with a substantially U-shaped configuration in plan view of their main plane.

• h1f) Vorsehen des Türausschnitts an den Glasscheiben mit abgerundeten Ecken des Türausschnitts, wobei der Radius der abgerundeten Ecken größer oder gleich 10 mm, insbesondere 10 mm bis 20 mm, mehr insbesondere 12 bis 15 mm beträgt.

It is preferred that step h1) comprises:

• h1f) providing the door cutout on the glass panes with rounded corners of the door cutout, the radius of the rounded corners being greater than or equal to 10 mm, in particular 10 mm to 20 mm, more in particular 12 to 15 mm.

• h2a) Verbinden der ersten und der zweiten Glasscheibe mittels der Abstandshaltekonstruktion derart, dass der Abstand der ersten und der zweiten Glasscheibe 3 mm bis 15 mm, vorzugsweise 4 mm bis 10 mm, beträgt.

It is preferred that step h2) comprises:

• h2a) connecting the first and second glass panes by means of the spacer construction in such a way that the distance between the first and second glass panes is 3 mm to 15 mm, preferably 4 mm to 10 mm.

• h2b) Anbringen von Abstandshalte- und Dichtprofile jeweils an den Außenrändern und an den den Türausschnitt umfassenden Innenrändern der Glasscheiben.

It is preferred that step h2) comprises:

• h2b) Attaching spacer and sealing profiles to the outer edges and to the inner edges of the glass panes encompassing the door cutout.

• h2c) Verwenden von Abstandshalte- und Dichtprofilen aus Kunststoff oder Polyamid.

It is preferred that step h2) comprises:

• h2c) Use of spacer and sealing profiles made of plastic or polyamide.

• h2d) Vorsehen einer vorzugsweise mit einem Verschließelement verschließbaren ersten Füll- oder Belüftungsöffnung an einer ersten Ecke zwischen einem der seitlichen Außenränder und einem des oberen oder des unteren Außenrands.

It is preferred that step h2) comprises:

• h2d) provision of a first filling or ventilation opening, which can preferably be closed with a closing element, at a first corner between one of the lateral outer edges and one of the upper or lower outer edges.

• h2e) Vorsehen einer vorzugsweise mit einem Verschließelement verschließbarenzweiten Füll- oder Belüftungsöffnung an einer zweiten Ecke zwischen dem Türausschnitt und einem dem unteren Außenrand aufweist.

It is preferred that step h2) comprises:

• h2e) provision of a second filling or ventilation opening, which can preferably be closed with a closing element, at a second corner between the door opening and one of the lower outer edges.

• h3a) Befüllen des Hohlraums mit einem Brandschutzgel.

It is preferred that step h3) comprises:

• h3a) filling the cavity with a fire protection gel.

• h3b) Befüllen des Hohlraums nacheinander durch die erste und die zweite Füllöffnung.

It is preferred that step h3) comprises:

• h3b) filling of the cavity through the first and the second filling opening in succession.

• h3c) Befüllen des Hohlraums mit einem zur Ausbildung eines Brandschutzgels geeigneten Fließstoff und Gelieren des Fließstoffs innerhalb des Hohlraums, um ein transparentes Brandschutzgel auszubilden.

It is preferred that step h3) comprises:

• h3c) filling the cavity with a non-woven material suitable for forming a fire protection gel and gelling the non-woven material inside the cavity in order to form a transparent fire protection gel.

• m4a) Befestigen wenigstens eines vertikal anzuordnenden Zargenholms mit einer Befestigungsplatte am Boden.

It is preferred that step m4) comprises:

• m4a) Fastening at least one frame spar to be arranged vertically with a fastening plate on the floor.

• m3a) Bereitstellen der Zarge mit dem wenigstens einen vertikal anzuordnenden Zargenholm derart, dass er an einem unteren Ende einen offenen Hohlraum aufweist Bereitstellen der Befestigungsplatte mit einem Vorsprung zum formschlüssigen Eingreifen in den Hohlraum.

It is preferred that step m3) comprises:

• m3a) providing the frame with the at least one frame beam to be arranged vertically in such a way that it has an open cavity at a lower end providing the fastening plate with a projection for form-fitting engagement in the cavity.

• m3b) Bereitstellen der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutztür derart, dass die Zargenholme aus Profilelementen oder Hohlprofilelementen oder Rohrprofilelementen aus einem Material aus der Gruppe gebildet sind, die Metall, Aluminiumlegierung, Stahl und Profilmaterial auf der Basis von Holzwerkstoffen enthält.

It is preferred that step m3) comprises:

• m3b) providing the fire and/or smoke protection door in such a way that the frame struts are formed from profile elements or hollow profile elements or tubular profile elements made from a material from the group containing metal, aluminum alloy, steel and profile material based on wood-based materials.

• m3c) Befestigen eines oberen Zargenholms an vertikal anzuordnenden Zargenholmen, insbesondere über eine Klebeverbindung, mehr insbesondere über eine Pressklebeverbindung.

It is preferred that step m3) comprises:

• m3c) Fastening an upper frame spar to frame spars to be arranged vertically, in particular via an adhesive connection, more particularly via a press-adhesive connection.

• Bereitstellen der Befestigungsplatte derart, dass der Vorsprung fest mit der Befestigungsplatte verbunden oder verschweißt ist.

It is preferred that step m3a) comprises:

• Providing the mounting plate such that the projection is fixedly connected or welded to the mounting plate.

• Einführen des Vorsprungs in den Hohlraum, bis der Vorsprung über die Höhe eines unteren Türbandes, mittels dem der Türflügel an der Zarge angelenkt ist, hinaus in den wenigstens einen vertikal anzuordnenden Zargenholm eingreift.

It is preferred that step m4a) comprises:

• Introducing the projection into the cavity until the projection engages in the at least one frame spar to be arranged vertically above the height of a lower door hinge, by means of which the door leaf is articulated on the frame.

• Bereitstellen der Befestigungsplatte und des zugeordneten Zargenholms derart, dass der Vorsprung verschiebbar in dem Hohlraum aufgenommen ist.

It is preferred that step m3a) comprises:

• providing the mounting plate and associated frame member such that the projection is slidably received within the cavity.

• Bereitstellen der Befestigungsplatte und des zugeordneten Zargenholms derart, dass der Vorsprung verdrehsicher in dem Hohlraum aufgenommen ist.

It is preferred that step m3a) comprises:

• Providing the fastening plate and the associated frame spar in such a way that the projection is received in the hollow space in a manner secured against torsion.

• Bereitstellen der Befestigungsplatte und des zugeordneten Zargenholms derart, dass der Vorsprung durch ein Rohr oder einen massiven Pfosten gebildet ist.

It is preferred that step m3a) comprises:

• Providing the fastening plate and the associated frame spar in such a way that the projection is formed by a tube or a solid post.

• Bereitstellen der Befestigungsplatte und des zugeordneten Zargenholms derart, dass der Vorsprung im Wesentlichen spielfrei in dem Hohlraum aufgenommen ist.

It is preferred that step m3a) comprises:

• Providing the fastening plate and the associated frame member in such a way that the projection is accommodated in the cavity essentially without play.

• m4a.1) Befestigen der Befestigungsplatte an dem Boden derart, dass sie von dem zugeordneten vertikal anzuordnenden Zargenholm zur Mitte des Türausschnitts hin vorragt.

It is preferred that step m4a) comprises:

• m4a.1) Attaching the fastening plate to the floor in such a way that it protrudes from the associated frame spar to be arranged vertically towards the center of the door cutout.

• m4a.2) Befestigen eines bandseitigen Zargenholms mittels einer ersten Befestigungsplatte am Boden.

It is preferred that step m4a) comprises:

• m4a.2) Fastening a hinge-side frame spar by means of a first fastening plate on the floor.

• m4a.3) Befestigen eines schlossseitigen Zargenholms mittels einer zweiten Befestigungsplatte am Boden.

It is preferred that step m4a) comprises:

• m4a.3) Fastening a frame spar on the lock side to the floor using a second fastening plate.

• m4a.4) Ausrichten des mit der Befestigungsplatte zu befestigenden Zargenholms in der Höhe und Befestigen des Vorsprungs an dem Zargenholm.

It is preferred that step m4a) comprises:

• m4a.4) Aligning the frame spar to be fastened with the fastening plate in height and fastening the projection to the frame spar.

It is preferred that step m3) includes providing the door leaf with a door leaf frame for framing a door leaf fire and/or smoke protection glass pane and that step m4) includes inserting the frame with the door leaf frame held on it and inserting the door leaf fire and/or smoke protection glass pane Installation of the frame included.

• Befestigen der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzscheibe zumindest an einem ihrer Außenränder und/oder an dem oberen Außenrand und dem ersten und zweiten seitlichen Außenrand mit Befestigungsprofilen an der Gebäudeöffnung und Verdecken der Befestigungsprofile durch wenigstens eine Brandschutzplatte.

It is preferred that step m2) comprises:

• Fastening the fire and/or smoke protection pane at least on one of its outer edges and/or on the upper outer edge and the first and second lateral outer edge with fastening profiles on the building opening and covering the fastening profiles with at least one fire protection panel.

• eine einstückige Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe und
• eine Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutztür,
• wobei die Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe aus einer ersten Glasscheibe und einer zweite Glasscheibe, die durch eine randseitige Abstandshaltekonstruktion zum Aufrechterhalten eines Abstands zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Glasscheibe und zum Abdichten eines Hohlraums miteinander verbunden sind, gebildet ist, wobei der Hohlraum mit einem transparenten Brandschutzmittel befüllt ist, wobei sich die Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe in einer im bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch horizontalen Richtung von einem ersten Seitenrand zu einem zweiten Seitenrand und in einer im bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch vertikalen Richtung von einem unteren Rand zu einem oberen Rand erstreckt,
• wobei die Feuer- und/oder Rauschutztür eine aus Zargenholmen gebildete Zarge und wenigstens einen an der Zarge beweglich angelenkten Türflügel aufweist,
• wobei die Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe einen Türausschnitt aufweist, der beabstandet zu dem ersten Seitenrand, dem zweiten Seitenrand und dem oberen Rand angeordnet ist und sich von dem unteren Rand aus erstreckt,
• wobei die Feuer- und/oder Rauschschutztür in dem Türausschnitt angeordnet ist.

According to a further aspect, the invention creates a fire and/or smoke protection closure obtainable by an assembly method according to one of the above configurations and comprising:

• a one-piece fire and/or smoke protection glass pane and
• a fire and/or smoke protection door,
• wherein the fire and/or smoke control glass pane is formed from a first glass pane and a second glass pane joined together by a peripheral spacer structure for maintaining a spacing between the first and second glass panes and for sealing a cavity, the cavity having a is filled with transparent fire protection means, the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane extending in a horizontal direction when used as intended from a first side edge to a second side edge and in a vertical direction when used as intended from a lower edge to an upper edge,
• wherein the fire and/or smoke protection door has a frame formed from frame beams and at least one door leaf which is movably articulated on the frame,
• wherein the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane has a door opening which is arranged at a distance from the first side edge, the second side edge and the top edge and extends from the bottom edge,
• wherein the fire and/or noise protection door is arranged in the door opening.

According to a further aspect, the invention creates a building comprising at least one such fire and/or smoke protection barrier and/or a fire and/or smoke protection barrier produced with an assembly method according to one of the above configurations.

Advantageous refinements of the invention relate to the transport and installation of a fire and/or smoke protection glass pane for a fire and/or smoke protection closure,
the fire and/or smoke control glass pane comprising a first glass pane and a second glass pane joined together by a peripheral spacer structure for maintaining a spacing between the first and second glass panes and for sealing a cavity, the cavity being lined with a transparent fire retardant is filled, with the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane extending in a horizontal direction when used as intended from a first side edge to a second side edge and in a vertical direction when used as intended from a lower edge to an upper edge, the fire and /or smoke control glass pane has a door cutout spaced from the first side edge, the second side edge and the top edge and extending from the bottom edge, the door cutout being provided in the first and second glass panes and the spacer construction also seals the edge of the door opening.

A fire and/or smoke protection closure with a unique appearance can be created by refinements of the invention. Due to the completely surrounding fire and/or smoke protection glass pane without joints, it looks as if the door with the frame and door leaf are standing freely in the room. No glass joint disturbs the optics. Since there are no joints in the glass, there is no need to seal them either, which improves the fire protection function and smoke protection function increased. The combination of first and second glass panes without joints strengthens the statics of the frame, so that a very stable construction is created, which has far exceeded all expectations in terms of smoke protection, fire protection and statics in tests.

In the prior art, the construction is always adapted to available fire and/or smoked glass panes, but all fire protection panes available on the market are rectangular and have therefore hitherto been arranged side by side or one above the other if larger glass surfaces or glass surfaces surrounding a frame are to be formed. The resulting glass joints must be sealed separately and always pose a risk of leakage or the ingress of moisture or the like, which can cause clouding and can impair the optics and the protective function. In contrast, the invention proceeds in such a way that the construction of the closure is not adapted and limited to the pane, but the pane is made according to the desired construction of the closure with a door cut-out in such a way that the pane has the door on both sides and at the top surrounds.

It is preferred that at least one frame spar to be arranged vertically is to be fastened to the floor by means of a fastening plate.

It is preferred that the at least one frame spar to be arranged vertically has an open cavity at a lower end and that the fastening plate has a projection which engages in the cavity.

It is preferred that the projection is fixedly connected or welded to the mounting plate.

It is preferred that the projection is inserted into the cavity so as to project beyond the height of a lower door hinge, by means of which the door leaf is articulated on the frame.

It is preferable that the projection is slidably received in the cavity.

It is preferred that the projection is accommodated in the cavity so that it cannot rotate.

It is preferred that the projection is formed by a tube or a solid post.

It is preferred that the projection is accommodated in the cavity with essentially no play.

It is preferred that the projection can be fastened to the frame spar into which it is inserted by means of at least one fastener or at least one connecting means.

It is preferred that the fastening plate protrudes from the associated frame spar to be arranged vertically towards the center of the door cutout.

It is preferred that a frame spar on the hinge side is to be fastened by means of a first fastening plate.

It is preferred that a frame spar on the lock side is to be fastened by means of a second fastening plate.

It is preferred that the first and/or the second glass pane have a thickness of 6 mm to 20 mm, preferably 8 mm to 15 mm, more particularly 9 mm to 11 mm.

It is preferred that the first and/or the second glass pane consist of toughened safety glass.

It is preferred that the distance between the first and second glass sheets is 3 mm to 15 mm, preferably 4 mm to 10 mm.

It is preferred that the first and the second glass pane have a rounding with a radius greater than or equal to 10 mm, preferably 10 mm to 20 mm, in the corner regions of the door cutout.

It is preferred that the fire protection filling is a fire protection gel.

It is preferred that the first and the second glass pane have the same thickness.

It is preferred that the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane is designed symmetrically with respect to its center plane.

It is preferred that the spacer structure has spacer and sealing profiles on the outer edges and on the inner edges delimiting the door opening.

It is preferred that the spacer construction has spacer and sealing profiles made of plastic or polyamide.

It is preferred that the spacer construction has a first filling or ventilation opening, which can be closed with a closing element, at a first corner between one of the side edges and one of the top and bottom edges.

It is preferred that the spacer construction has a second filling or ventilation opening, which can be closed with a closing element, at a second corner between the door opening and one of the lower edges.

It is preferred that the frame spars are formed from profile elements or hollow profile elements or tubular profile elements from a material from the group containing metal, aluminum alloy, steel, wood and materials based on wood-based materials.

It is preferred that the frame struts have removable glazing beads that enclose the associated inner edge of the door cutout.

It is preferred that an upper frame spar is attached to frame spars to be arranged vertically, in particular via an adhesive connection, more particularly via a press-glued connection.

It is preferred that the fire and/or smoke protection pane is fastened at least on one of its outer edges and/or on the upper outer edge and the first and second lateral outer edge with fastening profiles which are covered by at least one fire protection panel.

It is preferred that the door leaf has a door leaf frame and a door leaf fire and/or smoke protection pane held therein.

It is preferred that the door leaf fire and/or smoke protection pane has a first pane of glass, a second pane of glass and a spacer structure at the edge, with a cavity between the panes of glass being filled with the fireproofing agent.

In advantageous configurations of the invention, the glass material of the fireproof and/or smokeproof glass pane was selected with regard to glass statics and usability.

In preferred configurations, the fire and/or smoke protection closure should be able to be used in public areas. Safety glass is advantageous or sometimes mandatory in public areas. This can be achieved, for example, by using laminated float glass as the material for the first and second panes of glass. However, this is not preferred in the present case, since the statics of the composite of glass panes, which are themselves formed as a composite, e.g. When the composite bends out, the composite of laminated glass panes behaves differently than a composite of individual panes because of the intermediate layers.

ESG is therefore preferably selected as the material for the first and second panes of glass. Here, a single pane is provided on each side instead of a laminated glass pane. This means that the safety regulations for public buildings can be achieved. This also has advantages because of the glass edge, which now does not have to be specially protected to counteract the ingress of moisture. Fire and/or smoke protection glass panes made of individual panes can be calculated much better from the statics.

A fire and/or smoke protection closure with a door function is advantageously created. This is primarily about fire protection and/or smoke protection. Smoke protection tests are carried out up to 200°.

The door should not be exhibited as a pure glass door, but door profiles should be present in the glass. This contributes to the special look of a freely floating door. The door profiles can be metal profiles or profiles made of wood materials.

The outer circumference of the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane is preferably provided with invisible profiles, preferably no profiles should be visible here. In one possible embodiment, hidden angles are used, which can be plastered over, for example, or become invisible through other measures.

Advantageously, the same frame profiles as are already in use, e.g. according to reference [1], can be used for the door profiles. The frame profiles for the fixed door frame - referred to below as the frame - are z. B. formed like the frame parts of a known from [1] fire and / or smoke control door with classic side parts.

A special assembly process for the frame is preferably carried out.

It is preferably provided that the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane is installed in the opening first and only then are the frame profiles of the frame installed and fastened to the glass.

With previous degrees, the procedure was reversed, first the frame profiles manufactured and assembled, then the glass panes were inserted.

The connection of frame profiles and glass preferably takes place as previously provided for the insertion of glasses: the glass is inserted between a web on the frame profile and a glass holder strip. However, first the glass is in place, then the frame profiles are inserted accordingly without glazing beads and then attached to the glass edges with the glazing beads.

A special fastening of the frame is preferably provided. The frame is preferably reinforced with a floor attachment.

Preferably, a base plate with a tube (example of a projection) firmly attached to it is first anchored to the ground. For example, the tube is welded to the base plate or otherwise firmly connected. The base plate can be anchored to the floor, for example, using screws or the like. A tubular frame profile of the frame, for example, is then attached to this. The tube is located within the tubular frame profile of the frame. The tubular frame profile of the frame is then attached mechanically, for example with screws, to the tube connected to the base plate.

Different dimensions of the fire and/or smoke protection closure are possible. A specific embodiment can have a glass dimension (at the outer edges) of 4.3 m*2.9 m, for example, with the door being able to have a door dimension of 1.3 m*2.3 m, for example. The door dimensions are preferably selected with a view to the fact that on the one hand an escape door function is possible, but on the other hand a good proportion, i. H. there is still enough free glass surface on the left and right. The outer dimensions of the glass will be chosen, for example, with regard to restrictions in transport and in the production with currently available plants. In terms of statics, larger dimensions are easily possible.

The door can be single-leaf or double-leaf.

The external dimensions of the fire and/or smoke protection closure are preferably determined by the external dimensions of the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane. Preferably, no side pieces are provided alongside, as this would run counter to the idea of a jointless and postless appearance.

Calculations were carried out on the glass statics with the aim that the door should be able to be opened without any problems, even with the current door leaf weights. Depending on the fire protection class (T30, T60 or T90 according to DIN 4102-5), the door leaves can be very heavy. The door should also be able to be slammed shut, which is important with regard to the self-closing function.

A structural analysis taking into account the above specifications results in an advantageous glass thickness of 10 mm EGS (or more) on both sides. A symmetrical structure is preferably selected so that the door can be opened on either side.

The derivation of the hinge forces of the door is preferably carried out via the floor attachment, in particular e.g. the inserted tube with the base plate. The belt forces are absorbed via this tube with the base plate. A frame profile with a fixed and a removable glazing bead is preferably used. In the case of execution in metal materials, the frame profile is preferably formed from a plurality of thermally separated sub-profiles. For example, the removable glazing bead is clamped and hooked onto a second partial profile.

In preliminary tests, you can first test the technical feasibility of a new construction of the closure in order to specify the design of the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane. For example, you can first use a wooden panel that simulates the glass panel to test whether a door can be installed accordingly.

The door cutouts should preferably have rounded inner corners with an advantageous radius.

When cutting out a door cutout in the respective glass, it is very difficult to use a rectangular corner. A sharp corner in the glass creates stress, so there would be a risk of cracking and destroying the glass. The glass section is thus advantageously cut out with rounded corners. To do this, a suitable radius must first be selected. The larger the radius, the better the glass statics. On the other hand, a fire or smoke protection function should be achieved. It is therefore advantageous if the inner edge of the door opening is completely covered by a glass holder or glass holder profile area of the frame. The radius is advantageously formed in such a way that it can be covered by the frame profiles on the left and right. The covering is advantageous with regard to fire protection and smoke protection, so that a simple seal can be made. A suitable radius is therefore advantageously selected taking these specifications into account.

A specific embodiment has, for example, round inside corners with a radius of 13 mm on the door cutout.

The frame is preferably assembled by connecting the individual frame profiles before the door is installed in the glass pane that has already been installed. For this purpose, the frame profiles are preferably cut open at the corners and connected to one another via a press-glued connection. In this way, the frame can be pushed into the opening from one side.

Preferably, the tube with the base plate is still loosely inserted into the lower end of the respective frame spar. The frame is then inserted into the opening and the frame is then fastened from the other side using the glazing beads. At the lower end, the base plate falls out of the frame lying on the floor and can then be fixed there with screws. For this purpose, the base plate is preferably aligned into the clear door opening, so that the screw openings can still be easily accessed.

Another challenge is the transport of the glass pane from the place where the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane is manufactured to the building and to the installation site. After the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane surrounds the side and top of the door and a large proportion of glass is desired, the dimensions are often so large that the transport costs are relatively high.

The pane is e.g. composed of 10mm safety glass on one side, a cavity for fire protection gel and 10mm safety glass on the other side. For example, a dimension of 10/6/10mm (glass thickness, cavity, glass thickness) is suitable for a T30 degree. The thickness of the cavity depends in particular on the desired fire protection resistance period. A correspondingly larger cavity would have to be selected for T60 or T90.

Spacer profiles are preferably provided on the outside for connecting the first and second glass panes. For example, a polyamide profile is provided here. The same polyamide profiles can be used both outside and inside the door opening.

• Zunächst werden die Glasscheibenmaße und das Türinnenmaß festgelegt. Dann werden die entsprechenden Scheiben auf diese Maße jeweils einzeln zugeschnitten. Dann erfolgt das Zusammenfügen dieser so zugeschnittenen Scheiben, beispielsweise unter Verkleben der Abstandshalteprofile.

The pane or pane blank is preferably produced as follows:

• First, the dimensions of the glass pane and the inside dimensions of the door are determined. Then the corresponding panes are individually cut to these dimensions. The panes cut in this way are then joined together, for example by gluing the spacer profiles.

Then the disc is filled. Here, for example, a filling table is used, which can be inclined accordingly. The pane preferably rests on a support structure. Filling is preferably done from one of the inside corners using the slope. For this purpose, the disc is inclined accordingly. The fire protection gel first runs into a corner and is then refilled, slowly filling the pane.

If a door side panel is filled, the filling opening is preferably changed. Now, for example, you can fill from an outside corner to fill the rest of the door field.

This is preferably followed by curing to form a transparent fire protection gel.

A pane weight of approx. 700 kg can then arise for T30, for example. The handling of the glass pane is correspondingly difficult. It must be adequately supported to keep deflection to a minimum.
Critical points here are the transitions at the top corners of the door opening.

For this purpose, an auxiliary structure is preferably used to transport this glass element. The glass element is supported over a large area at different points in order to keep bending to a minimum during transport. Advantageously, the transport and turning frame not only provides support at the support points and on the sides, but also ensures planarity. It is also not possible to allow bending by several millimeters, otherwise the glass stresses would become too great. The maximum tolerance turned out to be 1 mm.

The pane can then be raised using the transport and rotary frame. A frame is preferably selected that can be handled accordingly by a crane and by other loading technologies - e.g.

The transport to the construction site then takes place accordingly, as close as possible to the opening. The final step in transport is then removing the pane and inserting it into the opening. The pane can then be installed.

Spacers are preferably used in the door opening for handling and in particular for removing the pane from a transport frame and inserting it into the opening. The spacers preferably fit exactly into the door cutout and thus keep the two side areas of the pane apart and exactly to size.

Protective mechanisms can also be provided on the outside, for example foam elements or the like.

Final assembly is preferably done with a suction cup construction; Here, corresponding points on the left and right on the side areas of the pane can advantageously be selected and then the pane can be lifted on the suction cup construction, e.g. with a crane truck that can be moved very precisely, and inserted into the opening.

Then the disc is installed. A step of hanging the door frame preferably follows—preferably both the frame and a door leaf frame articulated thereto. This is followed by clamping with the attached glazing beads. A corresponding door leaf glass pane can then be installed.

For example, the door leaf has a door weight of approx. 150 kg. A comparison with doors according to the prior art according to [2] to [4] showed that the entire system wobbles when the door leaf is slammed shut in known doors. In particular, the glass panes wobble around the outside.

On the other hand, in embodiments of the invention, unity occurs through the interaction of the composite of the toughened safety glass panes and the spacer structure together with the frame, which is connected on the one hand via the adhesive bond at the upper corners and on the other hand is connected to the floor via the support structure explained above and on the other hand attacks the inner edges. The door was slammed shut on a test object with the above dimensions. The glass reflections showed that nothing wobbled on the pane.

The test object was also subjected to a fire protection test in accordance with DIN 4102-5 and the corresponding European standard. Even if the inner toughened safety glass pane breaks on the side facing the fire after a while, the door will continue to hold. Here, the combination of the solidifying gel and the door takes on the static function in connection with the still intact outer toughened safety glass pane. The fire protection test revealed a fire resistance period well in excess of 30 minutes.

Thus, with configurations of the invention, a closure with a unique appearance, door function, excellent static properties and improved fire protection properties can be achieved.

• 1 eine Draufsicht auf ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzabschlusses;
• 2 einen Horizontalschnitt durch den Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzabschluss entlang einer Linie II-II in 1;
• 3 einen Vertikalschnitt durch den Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzabschluss entlang der Linie III-III von 1
• 4 einen weiteren Vertikalschnitt durch den Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzabschluss entlang einer Linie IV-IV von 1
• 5 das Detail V aus 2;
• 6 das Detail VI aus 1;
• 7a-7h Draufsichten auf unterschiedliche Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheiben, welche bei unterschiedlichen Ausführungsformen des Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzabschlusses einsetzbar sind;
• 8 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Fußbereichs eines Zagenholms einer in dem Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzabschluss der 1 bis 6 eingesetzten Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutztür mit einer Befestigungsplatte;
• 9 eine vergrößerte Detaildarstellung einer Innenecke eines Türausschnitts, der in der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe des Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzabschlusses der 1 bis 6 gebildet ist;
• 10 eine Schnittdarstellung eines an den Außenrändern sowie den Innenrändern der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe ausgebildeten Randbereichs;
• 11 eine Draufsicht auf einen Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibenrohling auf einem Füll- und Kipptisch während eines ersten Schritts eines Füllvorganges;
• 12 eine Darstellung vergleichbar der 11 während eines zweiten Schritts des Füllvorganges;
• 13 eine perspektivische Darstellung auf einem Transportgestell zum Transportieren der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe;
• 14 eine schematische Darstellung, welche den Transport der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe mittels des Transportgestells auf einem Lastkraftwagen zeigt;
• 15 eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung einer mit dem Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzabschluss zu versehenen Öffnung und der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe während eines Einbaus mittels eines Hebewerkzeugs;
• 16 eine perspektivische Darstellung der in die Öffnung eingebauten Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe;
• 17 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Einbaus von Türrahmen der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutztür in den Türausschnitt der in die Öffnung eingebauten Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzglasscheibe;
• 18 einen Schnitt durch einen Zargenholm der Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutztür zur Verdeutlichung eines weiteren Schritts des Einbaus der Türrahmen;
• 19 eine Ansicht vergleichbar der 1 einer weiteren Ausführungsform des Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzabschlusses;
• 20 einen Horizontalschnitt durch eine Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutztür des Feuer- und/oder Rauchschutzabschlusses von 19 entlang einer Linie XX-XX

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:

• 1 a plan view of an embodiment of a fire and / or smoke protection closure;
• 2 a horizontal section through the fire and/or smoke barrier along a line II-II in 1 ;
• 3 a vertical section through the fire and/or smoke barrier along line III-III of 1
• 4 another vertical section through the fire and/or smoke barrier along a line IV-IV of 1
• 5 the detail V out 2 ;
• 6 the detail VI out 1 ;
• 7a-7h Top views of different fire and/or smoke protection glass panes, which can be used in different embodiments of the fire and/or smoke protection closure;
• 8th a perspective view of a foot area of a Zagenholms in the fire and / or smoke protection closure 1 until 6 used fire and / or smoke control door with a mounting plate;
• 9 an enlarged detail view of an inner corner of a door cut-out in the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane of the fire and/or smoke protection closure 1 until 6 is formed;
• 10 a sectional view of an edge region formed on the outer edges and the inner edges of the fireproof and/or smokeproof glass pane;
• 11 a plan view of a fire and / or smoke protection glass pane blank on a filling and tilting table during a first step of a filling process;
• 12 a representation comparable to that 11 during a second step of the filling process;
• 13 a perspective view on a transport frame for transporting the fire and / or smoke protection glass pane;
• 14 a schematic representation showing the transport of the fire and / or smoke protection glass pane by means of the transport frame on a truck;
• 15 a schematic perspective view of an opening to be provided with the fire and/or smoke protection closure and the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane during installation using a lifting tool;
• 16 a perspective view of the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane installed in the opening;
• 17 a perspective view of an installation of the door frame of the fire and/or smoke protection door in the door cutout of the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane installed in the opening;
• 18 a section through a frame spar of the fire and/or smoke protection door to illustrate a further step in the installation of the door frame;
• 19 a view comparable to that 1 a further embodiment of the fire and/or smoke protection closure;
• 20 a horizontal section through a fire and/or smoke protection door of the fire and/or smoke protection closure from 19 along a line XX-XX

In the 1 until 6 19 and 20 show different embodiments of a fire protection closure 10, which is simultaneously designed as a smoke protection closure 12, so that it represents a fire and smoke protection closure 10, 12. In other embodiments that are not shown in detail, the closure is a pure fire protection closure without a smoke protection function or a pure smoke protection closure that does not represent a fire protection closure within the meaning of DIN 4102-5.

The fire protection closure 10 has a fire protection glass pane 14 with a door opening 16 into which a fire protection door 18 is inserted.

How from the 1 and 19 As can be seen, the fire-resistant glass pane 14 has a first lateral outer edge 20, a second lateral outer edge 22, a lower outer edge 24 and an upper outer edge 26.

The door cutout 16 is arranged centrally in the fireproof glass pane 14 (or the smokeproof glass pane in the case of a pure smoke protection function).

When installed, the fire-resistant glass pane 14 extends horizontally from the first lateral outer edge 20 to the second lateral outer edge 22 and vertically from the lower outer edge 26.

The door cutout 16 is formed at a distance from the lateral outer edges 20 and from the upper outer edge 26 .

The door cutout 16 is provided in the fire-resistant glass pane 14, starting from the lower outer edge 24, so that the lower outer edge 24 is divided into a first lower outer edge region 24a and a second lower outer edge region 24b, which extend to the side of the door cutout 16 up to the lateral outer edges 20 , 22 and sub-fields 160, 162 of the fire-resistant glass pane 14 limit.

In particular, the fire protection glass pane 14 is essentially U-shaped.

The fire protection glass pane 14 extends in one piece d. H. without joints or separations on both sides of the fire door 18 and above the fire door 18.

As in particular from the 2 until 5 10 and 10, the fire-resistant glass pane 14 includes a first glass pane 28a, a second glass pane 28b, and a spacer structure 30 which spaced the first glass pane 28 and second glass pane 28b congruently and parallel to one another.

The spacer structure 30 has a spacer profile 38 on all outer edges 20, 22, 24, 24a, 24b, 26 and on the inner edges 32, 34, 36 delimiting the door cutout 16, which is glued to the edges of the glass panes 28a, 28b and so on also seals a cavity 40 formed between the glass panes 28a, 28b.

The spacer profile 30 is formed in particular from plastic, more particularly from polyamide or similar materials.

The cavity 40 is completely filled with a transparent fireproofing agent 42 in the form of a fireproofing gel 44, which has the property of cooling in the event of a fire and of blocking or at least preventing the passage of radiant heat.

Each of the glass panes 28a, 28b is contoured with the outer edges 20, 22, 24, 24a, 24b, 26 corresponding to the fire-resistant glass pane 14 formed therefrom and thus has the door opening 16 in each case.

In the exemplary embodiments shown, the glass panes 28a, 28b have a thickness of 10 mm and are made of toughened safety glass (ESG). In other embodiments, the glass panes 28a, 28b are thicker or—in particular with smaller dimensions of the fireproof glass pane 14—possibly also slightly thinner. The distance between the glass panes 28a, 28b, which defines the cavity 40, is 6 mm, for example, with which a fire resistance period of T30 can be achieved. If a longer fire resistance period is to be achieved, the distance is chosen to be correspondingly larger in order to accommodate a larger quantity of fire protection gel 44 .

The fire protection door 18 has a frame 48 formed from frame spars 46a, 46b, 46c and at least one door leaf 52, 52a, 52b which is pivotably articulated on the frame 48 by means of door hinges 50.

The at least one door leaf 52, 52a, 52b can be designed differently, as long as it fulfills the required fire protection functions or smoke protection functions. In exemplary embodiments that are not shown in detail, the at least one door leaf 52, 52a, 52b is provided as a full-surface door leaf without glazing or with only a small window section.

In the illustrated exemplary embodiments, the at least one door leaf 52, 52a, 52b is designed as a glass frame door leaf with a door leaf frame 54 and a door leaf glass pane 56 held in the door leaf frame. The door leaf glass pane 56 can have a structure comparable to the fire-resistant glass pane 14, ie, for example, the first glass pane 28a, 28b and the spacer structure 30 then formed on the four outer edges. The door leaf glass pane 56 can also be as in accordance with the embodiment 20 is indicated, be designed differently from the outer surrounding fire-resistant glass pane 14, as long as it fulfills the required protective functions such as the entire fire and/or smoke protection closure 10, 12 and is therefore designed accordingly as a fire-resistant glass pane and/or smoke-resistant glass pane.

The Zargenholme 46a, 46b, 46c of the fire door 18 in the 1 until 6 As well as 19 and 20, the embodiments of the fire protection closure 10 shown on the outside have a fixed glass retaining flange 58 integrally formed on the frame beam 46a, 46b, 46c and a removably attachable glass retaining strip 60.

The materials of the frame bars 46a, 46b, 46c can be different. In the 1 until 6 an embodiment is shown in which the Zargenholme 46a, 46b, 46c made of metal, in particular metal tubular frame elements, z. B. aluminum, while in the design of the 19 and 20 the frame bars 46a, 46b, 46c are made of wood or other materials based on wood-based materials.

The following are details of the structure of the 1 until 6 and 18 shown first embodiment of the fire protection door 18 based on the illustrations in FIGS 2 and 3 explained in more detail. 2 shows a horizontal section through the fire protection closure 10 with the fire protection door 18, and 3 shows a vertical section through the fire protection closure 10 at the level of the fire protection door 18. The 4 shows a vertical section through the fire protection closure 10 at the level of a subfield 160. The 5 , 6 and show details of the fire barrier 10

The door hinges 50 are fastened to a first frame member to be arranged vertically, which is referred to below as frame member 46a on the hinge side, while a second frame member 46b to be arranged vertically acts as a counter bearing for a door lock 62 of door leaf 52 and is therefore referred to below as frame member 46c on the lock side. The cross section of the frame bars 46a, 46b, 46c is identical in each case. The upper frame spar 46b is connected to the two frame spars 46a, 46c to be arranged vertically in that the frame spars 46a, 46b and 46c to be fastened to one another are each mitred and connected to one another with a press-glued connection. This creates the three-sided frame 48 which has the protruding glass retaining flange 58 on one side, the glass retaining beads 60 being removably attachable on the other side. The glazing beads 60 can be clamped in particular in a clamping structure 64 on the frame bars 46a, 46b, 46c.

The frame bars 46a, 46b, 46c are formed from two metal profile areas 66a, 66b, which are connected to one another by connecting webs 68 made of poorly heat-conducting material, for example polyamide or a similar plastic. The metal profile areas 66a, 66b are designed as tubular profiles, with a fire protection insert 70 made of material that cools in the event of a fire being inserted into the interior of at least one of the metal profile areas 66a. A second fire protection insert 72 is in the space spanned by the connecting webs 68 of the respective frame beam 46a, 46b, 46c.

The individual frame bars 74a-74d of the door leaf frame 54 are constructed analogously to the frame bars 46a, 46b, 46c, with the glass retaining flange 58 being directed inwards here to hold the door leaf glass pane 56. Strips 76 made of intumescent material are accommodated in the door gap between the door leaf 52 and the frame 48 . Furthermore, a door seal 78, 80 is provided on each side between the frame 48 and the corresponding frame members 74a, 74b, 74c. A lower frame member 74d of the door leaf frame 54 is made wider than the other frame members 74a, 74b, 74c.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, a door seal 82 that can be lowered is provided on the lower frame member 74d.

In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the door lock 62 is designed as a multi-point locking lock 84 and has three catches 86 spaced apart from one another, which snap into corresponding catch receptacles on the frame beam 46c on the lock side. Three door hinges 50 are also provided, so that the door leaf 52 is held at at least three height-spaced locations both on the hinge side and on the lock side, even when it is only closed but not locked.

The frame 48 of the fire door 18 is inserted into the door cutout 16, with the inner edges 32, 34, 36 of the door cutout 16 being surrounded on one side by the glass retaining flange 58 and on the other side by the glass retaining strip 60, so that the frame 48 is supported on these inner edges.

The following is based on the representation of the 4 and 5 the fastening of the fire protection glass pane 14 in an opening 88 of a building 90 to be closed with the fire protection closure 10 is explained in more detail. The opening 88 is bounded at the bottom by a floor 92 and at the side and, if appropriate, at the top by masonry 94 or at the top, if appropriate, by a ceiling 96 .

The fire-resistant glass pane 14 is dimensioned so that it completely fills the opening 88, i. H. close to the floor 92, the masonry 94 and optionally the ceiling 96 extends. In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the outer edges 20, 22, 24, 24a, 24b, 26 are fastened with fastening angles 98, for example angles made of an aluminum material, which are arranged on both sides of the outer edges 20, 22, 24, 24a, 24b, 26 and bolted to the adjacent perimeter 92, 94, 96 of opening 88 with suitable fasteners 100, such as screw and dowel combinations. The mounting brackets 98 are concealed. A cover 102 selected to match the boundary of the opening 88 is provided for this purpose. On the floor 92, for example, after assembly, a screed 104 is provided at the height of the mounting bracket 98, for example at a height of 35 mm. On the side and at the top, the cover 102 preferably has a fire protection material formed, for example, from a fire protection panel 106 that releases moisture in the event of a fire and has subsequently been plastered (plaster 108).

In other configurations that are not shown in detail here, a visible, outer glazing frame is provided for fastening the outer edges 20, 22, 24, 24a, 24b, 26. However, since one goal is to provide the largest possible glass area through the fire protection closure 10, this variant is less preferred for optical reasons.

The space between the mounting brackets can be filled with a suitable material, for example mineral wool 110. A strip 76 of intumescent material is preferably further provided at the end face of each outer edge 20, 22, 24, 24a, 24b, 26. Further strips 112 of intumescent material can be provided between the corresponding leg of the mounting bracket 98 and the respective glass pane 68a, 68b. At the free end of the mounting bracket 98, the joint is also sealed with silicone 114 or a similar material.

As can be seen in particular from the 6 and 8th results, the hinge forces on the hinge-side frame beam 46a are diverted into the floor 92 by means of a fastening plate 116 .

The mounting plate 118 has a panel mounting area 120 with corresponding mounting holes 122 for suitable fasteners for mounting the mounting plate 118 to the floor. A projection 124, which is firmly connected to the fastening plate 118, in particular is welded thereto, protrudes from the fastening plate 118 and engages in a cavity 126, which is open at the bottom, of at least the hinge-side frame spar 46a.

As can be seen from the 6 and 8th results, the projection 124 is formed, for example, by a tube with a non-circular cross-section, in particular a rectangular tube 128, which is accommodated in the correspondingly profiled cavity 126 in a manner secured against torsion.

How to look in particular 6 results, the projection 124 extends so far from below into the hinge-side frame spar 46a that it extends to above the height of the bottom door hinge 50 .

In an embodiment that is not shown in more detail here, not only the frame spar 46a on the hinge side, but also the frame spar 46c on the lock side is fastened to the base 92 with a corresponding fastening plate 118 .

The fastening plate 118 extends inwards into the door opening from the lower end of the respective frame spar 46a, 46c to be arranged vertically.

As has already been stated for the mounting bracket 98, a cover 102, in particular a screed 104, is provided after assembly. This then also covers the fastening plate 118 fastened to the floor 92.

In the in the 1 until 6 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the fire-resistant glass pane 14 has a width of 4,300 mm, measured across the upper outer edge 26, and a height of 2,900 mm, measured along the lateral outer edge 20, 22. The inner door cutout 16 has a height of 2,300 mm at the lateral inner edge 32 and a width of 1,300 mm between the lateral inner edges 32, 36. The distance between the door cutout 16 and the lateral outer edges 20, 22 is 1,500 mm in each case.

The fire protection door 18 has a clear passage with a height of more than 2,100mm and a width of more than 1,000mm. For example, the door leaf is more than 2,200mm high and more than 1,100mm wide. An opening 88 in the building 90 with a width of 4,390 mm and a height of 2,955 mm can be closed.

These are all only exemplary embodiments; different additional dimensions of corresponding openings 88 with different door cutouts can also be provided.

the 7a until 7h show different dimensions and proportions of the fire protection glass pane 14 with a corresponding door cutout 16.

Although in the 1 until 6 a single-leaf fire protection door 18 made of metal profiles for the frame 48 and/or the door leaf frame 54 is shown - for example the metal profile areas 66a, 66b are made of an aluminum material as shown or, according to another embodiment, of a steel profile - so other designs of the fire protection door 18 are also possible .

As 19 shows, the fire protection door 18 can have two leaves with a first door leaf 52a and a second door leaf 52b.

The frame 48 and/or a possible door leaf frame 54 can also be formed from profiles made from other materials, for example wooden profiles 130, instead of from metal profiles. Corresponding fire protection doors 18 are available on the market from Schörghuber KG, for example.

The following is based on the representations of 8th until 18 a method for producing, transporting and assembling the fire-resistant glass pane 14 and the fire-resistant closure 10 formed therewith is explained in more detail.

To produce the fire protection closure 10, the external dimensions of the fire protection glass pane 14 are first determined.

The external dimensions are determined in such a way that an opening 88 to be closed with the fire protection closure 10 is filled up as far as possible. Alternatively, industrially prefabricated fire glass panes are specified with predetermined dimensions, and the opening 88 is produced in the building 90 with dimensions that match the external dimensions of the fire protection glass pane 14 .

The inside dimensions of the door opening 16 are either specified and the fire door 18 is adjusted to these inside dimensions, or there are a number of possible sizes for the fire door 18 and the inside dimensions of the door opening 16 are selected accordingly.

The size dimension of the fire-resistant glass pane 14 can be set individually, as is the case with the examples 7a-7h is specified.

If the dimensions for the outer edges 20, 22, 24a, 24b, 26 and the inner edges 32, 34, 36 are thus fixed, the first glass pane 28a and the second glass pane 28b are produced with the corresponding dimensions. To this end, the edges 20, 22, 24, 26, 32, 34, 36 are preferably cut using known glass cutting techniques.

At the inner corners of the door cutout 16, between the first lateral inner edge 32 and the upper inner edge on the one hand and the second lateral inner edge 36 and the upper inner edge 34, the door cutout 16 is not cut out angularly, but cut out with a curve. 9 shows an example of such a round corner 132 of the door opening 16. The radius is 134 should be selected appropriately based on the following specifications. The larger the radius 134, the lower the stresses in the glass sheets 28a, 28b that develop during handling and shipping. A radius 134 that is as large as possible would therefore be desirable.

On the other hand, the fire barrier 10 should not let through either fire gases or smoke. It is therefore desirable that the fireproof glass pane 14 be sealed on both sides throughout the door opening 16 . This is done on the one hand by the glass retaining flange 58 and a glass seal 136 used there (see, for example, 2 and 3 ) and on the other side by a corresponding glass seal 138 on the glazing bead 60.

Both the glazing flange 58 and the glazing bead 60 should therefore encompass and cover the edges of the fire-resistant glass pane 14 everywhere on the inner edges 32, 34, 36.

As in 9 indicated, the radius 134 should thus be chosen such that the entire rounded corner 132 is covered on both sides by the glass holding flange 58 or the glass holding bead 60 and no leakage occurs here. Accordingly, the radius 134 can be chosen depending on the size of the glazing flange 58 and glazing bead 60 . However, if the glazing bead 60 and glazing flange 58 are made too large, again less visible glazing area is provided.

Radius 134 should be greater than or equal to 10mm to reduce glass stress. For example, it is in the range between 10mm-20mm and is 13mm in a specific exemplary embodiment.

Both the first glass pane 28a and the second glass pane 28b are made of toughened safety glass, already provided with the door cutout 16, in accordance with the external and internal dimensions defined in this way. The same thicknesses are preferably chosen for the glass panes 28, 28b, so that the structure of the fire-resistant glass pane 14 is symmetrical. This results in the same static conditions on both sides of the fire-resistant glass pane 14. In this respect, it is irrelevant whether the door leaf 52 can be opened on the first or the second side. In other words, it is irrelevant where the hinge side and where the opposite hinge side of the fire door 18 is located during later installation.

The door cutout 16 is preferably introduced symmetrically into the fire-resistant glass pane 14; i.e. H. both subfields 160, 162 are formed symmetrically.

Subsequently, after the glass panes 28a, 28b have been cut to size, they are connected to one another with the spacer structure 30 to form a glass pane blank 140, of which an edge region in 10 is shown. As in 10 shown, a spacer profile 38 is provided all around on all outer edges 20, 22, 24, 24a, 24b, 26 and on all inner edges 32, 34, 36 and glued to the edges of the glass panes 28a, 28b, so that inside the cavity 40 is formed.

At one of the corners, which is formed between a lateral inner edge 32, 36 and a lower outer edge region 24a of the glass pane blank 140 and at an outer corner provided with the same angle between the other lower outer edge region 24b and one of the lateral outer edges 20, 22, a filling and ventilation opening 142 which can be provided with a closing element 146 . Here, a filling can be done analogously to the filling, as described in more detail in the EP 3 165 700 A1 is described and shown.

As in 10 shown, the spacer construction 30 can also have a seal 148 with a plastic compound 150 (for example Thiokol/polysulphate compound) and with sealing cords 152 (for example butyl cord) in addition to the spacer profiles 38 . Together with this seal 148, the spacer profile 38 acts as a spacer and sealing profile.

As 10 further shows, the entire edge area of the fire-resistant glass pane 14 can be protected at all outer edges 20, 22, 24, 26 and inner edges 32, 34, 36 with a protective profile 154, for example a rubber profile.

the 11 and 12 show the filling process. For this purpose, the glass pane blank 140 is placed on a tiltable filling table 156 and then filled with a liquid 158 forming a hydrogel via the filling and ventilation opening 142 starting at the inner corner. Some examples of suitable liquids are in the prior art EP 3 165 700 A1 specified. A liquid is preferably used to form a fire protection gel, as described in detail in EP 2 557 141 A1 is described and shown. A suitable device for the manufacture and delivery of the fire protection agent is also shown therein.

As in 11 shown, for this purpose the filling table 156 is opposed to the inner corner provided with the filling and ventilation opening 142 directed outer corner lowered. The second filling and venting opening 142 is then located at the diametrically opposite outer corner; here air can escape from the cavity 40 during filling.

If a first partial field 160 of the glass pane blank 140, delimited by the first lower outer edge region 24a, is then completely filled, further filling takes place through the further filling and ventilation opening 142 at the outer corner, as is shown in FIG 12 is shown. Thus, the entire cavity 40 with the gel-forming liquid 158, as shown in more detail in the EP 2 557 141 A1 is described and shown filled.

The gel-forming liquid 158 is then polymerized in order to form the fire protection gel 44 .

The filled fire-resistant glass pane 14 has the above to the embodiment of 1 until 6 explained dimensions a mass of approx. 700kg.

In order to be able to transport this fire-resistant glass pane 14, which has now been completed, a transport frame 164 is used, as shown in 13 is sketched. The transport frame 164 is made, for example, from steel tubes with a steel thickness of 5 mm and a tube diameter of 5-15 cm - for example rectangular profiles - welded together so that an outer frame 166 with cross braces 168 is formed, with supporting projections 170 being formed at the edges. Such a transport frame 164 is designed so rigidly that it shows hardly any measurable uses even with the expected load of more than 500 kg up to several tons for the respective fire-resistant glass pane 14 even if it is lifted on one side, for example at a corner. The transport frame 164 is designed so rigidly that it never shows a torsion anywhere, even with a load of more than 1,000 kg and a one-sided lifting, which shows a deflection of one of the support points on the support surface 172 of more than 0.5 mm. A torsion of the fire-resistant glass pane 14 such that opposite outer edges 20, 22 have a maximum deviation of 1 mm would just about be tolerable.

The filled fire-resistant glass pane 14 is supported on the transport frame 164 with a base of wooden material--in particular wooden slats--or the like and is further covered and tightened with wooden material and/or other packaging material.

The transport frame 164 itself can then also be lifted on one side with the fireproof glass pane and rotated or turned. For this purpose, eyelets 174 for attaching crane hooks or the like are provided on the transport frame 164, for example.

The transport frame 164 can be held at an angle on a support structure 176 and as in 14 shown, can also be transported by standard trucks 178. Of course, the transport frame 164 could also be transported in special transporters, such as those provided for panes of glass.

In this way, the transport can take place from the filling station to the building 90 and as close as possible to the opening 88 .

15 then shows a lifting tool 180, by means of which the fire-resistant glass pane 14 can be lifted out of the transport frame 164 and inserted into the opening 88.

The lifting tool 180 has a chassis 182 with wheels 184 and an operating device 186, by means of which the lifting tool 180 can be moved very precisely. The lifting tool 180 also has a crane arm 188 and a vacuum pump 190 .

Attached to the end of the crane arm 188 is a crossbeam 192, at each end of which an arrangement of suction cups 194 is attached, which are attached at distributed points on the first sub-panel 160 and the second sub-panel 162, which extend to the side of the door opening 16, and by means of the vacuum pump 190 can be supplied with negative pressure in order to hold the fireproof glass pane 14 on the suction cups 194.

In 15 It can also be seen that a plurality of spacers 196, which correspond exactly with a slight oversize to the inside width of the door opening 16 and are designed in such a way that they can be clamped transversely into the door opening 16, while keeping the sub-panels 160, 162 precisely spaced without to insert excessive stresses into the glass.

The spacers 196 are preferably already used for the filling process or for transferring the fire-resistant glass pane 14 from the filling table 156 to the transport frame 164 . This transfer can also be done with the lifting tool 180 or the like.

The spacers 196 can be formed by wooden beams or wooden boards, for example.

As in 15 shown, can also be attached to one of the spacers 196 on the outside left and To the right of the door cutout 16, protective and supporting beams 198 resting on the partial panels 160, 162 can be provided.

Thus, a protective construction 200 is provided, which on the one hand maintains the distance in the door cutout with the spacer 196 and thus prevents a movement of the sub-panels 160, 162 relative to one another in the plane of the fire-resistant glass pane 14 and on the other hand by external clasps, for example by the protective and support beams 198, a deflection of the partial panels 160, 162 relative to one another transversely to the plane of the fire-resistant glass pane 14 is prevented.

In this way, the fire-resistant glass pane 14 can be transported safely from the transport frame 164 to the opening 88 and used there and then anchored with the fastening brackets 98 .

Shortly before or during anchoring, the protective profile 154 can be removed and the strip 76 of intumescent material applied. Alternatively, the strip 76 of intumescent material can already be provided below the protective profile 154 at the factory.

The fire-resistant glass pane 14 is transported by means of the transport frame 164, as shown in FIG 14 shown obliquely in a preferred embodiment. In a further embodiment, it is provided that the fire-resistant glass pane 14 is transported with its upper outer edge 26 pointing downwards. As a result, the fire-resistant glass pane 14 rests with the long upper outer edge 26 on the supporting projections 170 and is evenly supported at a number of points. In an inverted arrangement with the lower outer edge areas 24a, 24b downwards, the partial area located between the upper inner edge 34 and the upper outer edge 26 - which later forms the lintel above the fire door 18 - would have to be supported indirectly via the two partial fields 160, 162. which represents a greater load on the fire-resistant glass pane 14 during transport.

In another variant of the transport method that is not shown in detail, the protective function 200 is designed as an element that fills the door cutout 16 and is pushed into the door cutout 16 for transport.

16 shows the fully assembled fire-resistant glass pane 14. As in 16 shown, the installation of the fire protection closure 10 takes place in such a way that the fire protection glass pane 14 is first installed and then the fire protection door 18 is installed in the door cutout 16 then provided by the fire protection glass pane.

17 shows the hanging of the fire protection door 18, in which case the frame 48 is first lifted together with the door leaf frame 54 attached thereto, but still without the door leaf glass pane 56, using a crane or the like and is carefully brought close to the door cutout 16. Here, the glazing beads 60 are removed.

The mounting plate 118 with the projection 124 is as in 8th shown, slidably inserted into cavity 126 which is open at the bottom. Shortly before the frame 48 is finally inserted, the protective profile 154 on the inner edges 32, 34, 36 of the door cutout 16 is removed. The frame 48 is inserted until the glass seal 136 on the glass retaining flange 58 contacts the edge area. In this position, the frame 48 can be aligned. The mounting plate 118 is attached to the floor 92 . Then the associated frame spar 46a, 46c to be arranged vertically is connected to the in 8th fasteners 202 shown at the correct height (see 6 ) attached to the projection 124. Eventually - as in 19 shown - the glazing beads 60 clamped to the frame bars 46a, 46b, 46c on the clamping structure, whereby the frame 48 is fixed to the door cutout 16. Then insert and fasten the door leaf glass pane 56 in the door leaf frame 54 in the usual way.

The covers 102 can then be attached.

A functional test was carried out on a corresponding door in this condition. The fire protection door 18 has a door closer, not shown in detail in the drawings, which moves the opened door leaf 52 into the closed position under pretension.

Although the door leaf 52 has a not inconsiderable weight due to the fire protection design and accordingly hits the frame with a large impulse when closing, one can see from reflections in the fire-resistant glass pane 14 that this does not or hardly vibrate even when the door leaf 52 is slammed shut .

A fire test was also carried out with outstanding results; the fire barrier 10 withstood a one-sided exposure to fire under test conditions as specified in DIN 4102-5 and also under conditions as specified under the more stringent corresponding European standard lasting fire attack by more than 45 minutes.

Through the one-piece fire-resistant glass pane 14, as in the 1 and 19 is shown, a unique look is created with a fire door 18 standing freely in the glass. The viewer sees no joints. Since there are no joints in the glass either, they do not have to be sealed separately or other fire protection measures taken at such joints. Due to the continuous fire protection glass pane 14, the statics of the fire protection closure 10 is also significantly improved compared to known, comparable constructions with a high proportion of glass. Even when the door leaf 52 is slammed shut, no vibrations can be seen—not even in glass reflections.

How based on 19 and 20 shown, the fire protection closure 10 works with different materials for the fire protection door 18. All materials previously used for fire protection doors 18 can be provided.

19 and 20 show a fire door 18 made of wood materials.

Accordingly, a fire and/or smoke protection closure 10, 12 has been described in which a fire protection door 18, the frame 48 of which is formed from frame bars 46a, 46b, 46c, is surrounded on the sides and at the top by a one-piece fire protection glass pane 14. The fire resistant glass pane 14 is formed from at least a first glass pane 28a and a second glass pane 28b and a spacer structure 30 therebetween. Because of this, a unique look can be created, while at the same time fire and smoke protection functions as well as static behavior are improved.

Thus, a method for closing off a building opening (88) with a fire and/or smoke protection closure (10, 12), which comprises a one-piece fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) with a door cutout (16) and a fire and/or Smoke protection door (18) in the door cutout (16) has been described. The fire and/or smoke protection door (18) is surrounded by the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) in a U-shape. Such an appearance is made possible by the fact that the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) is first produced with the door cut-out (16) and is attached to the building opening (88) and then the fire and/or smoke protection door (18) is placed in mounted on the door cutout (16) and fixed to it with glazing beads (60).

A fire and/or smoke protection glass pane manufacturing method has also been described for producing a fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) for a fire and/or smoke protection closure (10, 12) provided with a fire and/or smoke protection door (18) with a unique optics and improved static properties as well as protective properties. For this purpose, a first and a second glass pane (28a, 28b) are each already produced with a central door cutout (16), then connected to form a pane blank, and then the cavity (40) between them is filled with a fire protection agent (42). A fire and/or smoke protection closure (10, 12) can thus be produced in which a fire and/or smoke protection door (18) stands freely in the glass without glass joints being formed.

There is also a transport method for transporting a fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) for a fire and/or smoke protection closure (10, 12) provided with a fire and/or smoke protection door (18) to an installation site in a building (90). been described. This allows a fire and/or smoke protection glass pane to be transported, which has a first glass pane (28a) and a second glass pane (28b) and a spacer structure (30) and a fire protection agent (42) in the cavity (40) formed in this way and which U-shaped contour has a central door cutout (16). Such a fire and/or smoke protection pane (14) can be used to create a fire and/or smoke protection closure (10, 12) with a unique appearance and improved statics and protective function. According to one variant, the transport method uses a very rigid transport frame (164) and according to another variant, a protective structure (200) in the door opening (16), so that the protective structure (200) protects opposite inner edges (32, 36) of the door opening (16) against movement relative to each other and/or against relative movement transverse to the plane of the glass. Both measures are preferably provided.

Reference List

10

fire barrier

12

smoke barrier

14

fire-resistant glass pane

16

door cutout

18

fire door

20

first lateral edge

22

second lateral outer edge

24

lower outer edge

24a

first lower outer edge area

24b

second lower outer edge area

26

upper outer edge

28a

first pane of glass

28b

second pane of glass

30

spacer construction

32

first lateral inner edge

34

upper inner edge

36

second lateral inner edge

38

spacer profile

40

cavity

42

transparent fire retardant

44

fire protection gel

46a

First frame spar to be arranged vertically (e.g. hinge-side frame spar)

46b

upper frame rail

46c

second frame spar to be arranged vertically (frame spar on the lock side)

48

frame

50

door hinge

52

door leaf

52a

first door wing

52b

second door leaf

54

door frame

56

door wing glass pane

58

glass retaining flange

60

glazing bead

62

door lock

64

clamp structure

66a

first metal profile area

66b

second metal profile area

68

connecting bars

70

first fire protection insert

72

second fire protection insert

74a

hinge-side frame member

74b

upper frame rail

74c

lock-side frame spar

74d

lower frame rail

76

Strips of intumescent material

78

first door seal

80

second door seal

82

retractable door seal

84

Multi-point lock

86

snapper

88

opening

90

building

92

floor

94

masonry

96

ceiling

98

mounting brackets

100

Screw Dowel Fastener

102

cover

104

screed

106

fire protection board

108

plaster

110

mineral wool

112

additional strips of intumescent material

114

silicone

118

mounting plate

120

plate attachment area

122

mounting holes

124

head Start

126

open cavity below

128

rectangular tube

130

wooden profile

132

corner of the door opening

134

radius

136

Glass seal on the glass retaining flange

138

Glass seal on the glazing bead

140

glass pane blank

142

Filling and venting opening

146

closing element

148

seal

150

sealing compound

152

sealing cord

154

protection profile

156

filling table

158

gel-forming liquid

160

first subfield

162

second subfield

164

transport rack

166

outer frame

168

cross braces

170

support projections

172

support surface

174

crane hook eyelet

176

support structure

178

truck

180

lifting tool

182

landing gear

184

Wheels

186

operating device

188

crane arm

190

vacuum pump

192

transom

194

suction cup

196

spacers

198

Protection and support beams

200

protective construction

202

fastener (frame)

Claims (19)

Transport method for transporting a fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) for a fire and/or smoke protection closure (10, 12) provided with a fire and/or smoke protection door (18) to an assembly site in a building (90), the A fire and/or smoke control glass pane comprises a first glass pane (28a) and a second glass pane (28b) and a spacer structure (30) spacing the first glass pane (28a) and the second glass pane (28b) so that between the first and second glass panes (28, 28b) a sealed cavity (40) is formed, which is filled with a transparent fire protection agent (42), the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) extending in a horizontal direction when used as intended from a first lateral outer edge (20) to a second lateral outer edge (22) and in a vertical direction when used as intended from a lower outer edge (24) to an upper outer edge and (26) and having a door cutout (16) spaced from the first lateral outer edge (20), the second lateral outer edge (22) and the upper outer edge (26) and extending from the lower outer edge (24). extends, comprising at least one or both of the steps: t1) supporting the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) with a transport frame (164), which has an outer frame (166) and inner cross braces (168) and is designed to be so stiff that even when it is lifted on one side and a load of 1000 kg nowhere does a deflection of more than 500 µm occur; and or t8) inserting a protective structure (200) into the door opening (16) such that the protective structure (200) supports opposite inner edges (32, 36) of the door opening (16) against movement towards one another and/or against relative movement transverse to the glass plane . transport procedure claim 1 , characterized by t2) fixing the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) on the transport frame (164), so that movements transverse to its plane are prevented. Transport method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one or more of the following steps: t3) tilting the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) during transport; and/or t4) transporting the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) with the upper outer edge (26) pointing downwards; t5) supporting opposite inner edges (32, 36) with at least one spacer (196); t6) supporting the inner edges with at least one spacer; and/or t7) mutually supporting the lateral inner edges (32, 36) with the protective construction (200) which positively encloses the inner edges (32, 36). Transport method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by k) lifting and inserting the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) with a lifting tool (180) into a building opening (88) to be closed with the fire and/or smoke protection closure (10, 12). ). transport procedure claim 4 , characterized in that step k) comprises at least one, several or all of the steps: k1) attaching the fireproof and/or smokeproof glass pane (14) to the lifting tool (180) by means of suction cups (194); k2) supporting the lateral inner edges (32, 36) against one another by means of at least one supporting structure inserted between the lateral inner edges and/or the protective structure (200); k3) distributed attachment of the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) to a plurality of distributed attachment surfaces (194) on the lifting tool (180); and/or k4) distributed attachment of the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (180) to at least four to ten or more attachment surfaces (194). Installation method for closing a building opening (88) with a fire and/or smoke protection closure (10, 12), which has a one-piece fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) with a door cutout (16) and a fire and/or smoke protection door (18 ) in the door opening (16), comprising: m1) providing the fireproof and/or smokeproof glass pane (14) and transporting the fireproof and/or smokeproof glass pane (14) to the building opening (88) by means of the transport method according to one of the preceding claims ; m2) installing the fire and/or smoke protection pane (14) by fastening the outer edges (20, 22, 24, 26) in the building opening (88); m3) providing a fire and/or smoke protection door (18), one of frame struts (46a, 46b, 46c), each of which has at least one glazing bead (60) on the outside for framing inner edges (32, 34, 36) of the door cutout ( 16), formed frame (48) and at least one door leaf (52, 52a, 52b) movably articulated or to be articulated on the frame (48), m4) inserting the frame (46) without glazing beads (60) in the door cutout (16) the fixed fire and/or noise protection pane (14); and m5) attaching glazing beads (60) to enclose the inner edges (32, 34, 36) of the door opening (16) on the inserted frame (48). assembly procedure claim 6 , characterized in that step m1) comprises: h) producing the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) with the steps: h1) cutting or producing the first and the second glass pane (28a, 28b) with the door cutout (16), h2) assembling the first and second glass panes (28a, 28b) with the spacer structure (30) while sealing the outer edges (20, 22, 24, 26) and the inner edges (32, 34, 36) delimiting the door cutout (16) by means spacer profiles (38), h3) filling a continuous cavity (40) between the glass panes (28a, 28b) with the fire protection agent (42, 44). assembly procedure claim 7 , characterized in that step h1) comprises: cutting out the door cutout (16) on the glass panes (28a, 28b) with rounded corners (132) of the door cutout (16), the radius (134) of the rounded corners (132) being larger or is equal to 10 mm, especially 10 mm to 20 mm, more especially 12 to 15 mm. assembly procedure claim 7 or 8th , characterized in that step h1) comprises at least one, several or all of the steps: h1a) producing the first and the second glass pane (28a, 28b) with a thickness of 6 mm to 20 mm, preferably 8 mm to 15 mm, more in particular 9 mm to 11 mm; h1 b) producing the first and/or the second glass pane (28a, 28b) from toughened safety glass. Assembly method according to one of Claims 7 until 9 , characterized in that step h2) comprises at least one, several or all of the steps: h2a) connecting the first and second glass panes (28a, 28b) by means of the spacer structure (30) such that the distance between the first and second glass panes ( 28a, 28b) is 3 mm to 15 mm, preferably 4 mm to 10 mm; and/or h2b) attaching spacer profiles (38) to the outer edges (20, 22, 24, 26) and to the inner edges (32, 34, 36) of the glass panes (28a, 28b) surrounding the door cutout (16); h2c) using spacer profiles (38) made of plastic or polyamide; h2d) providing a first filling or ventilation opening (142), which can preferably be closed with a closing element (146), at a first corner between one of the lateral outer edges (22) and one of the upper or lower outer edge (24); and/or h2e) providing a second filling or ventilation opening (142), which can preferably be closed with a closing element (146), at a second corner between the door opening (16) and the lower outer edge (24). assembly procedure claim 10 , characterized in that step h3) comprises at least one, several or all of the steps: h3a) filling the cavity (40) with a fire protection gel (44); and/or h3b) filling the cavity (40) in succession through the first and the second filling opening (142). Assembly method according to one of Claims 6 until 11 , characterized in that step m4) comprises: m4a) fastening at least one frame spar (46a, 46c) to be arranged vertically with a fastening plate (118) on the floor (92). assembly procedure claim 12 , characterized in that step m3) comprises: that step m3) comprises: m3a) providing the frame (48) with the at least one frame spar (46a, 46c) to be arranged vertically in such a way that it has an open cavity (126) at a lower end has, and Ready providing the fastening plate (118) with a projection (124) for form-fitting engagement in the cavity (126) and/or m3b) providing the fire and/or smoke protection door (18) in such a way that the frame bars (46a, 46b, 46c) protrude Profile elements or hollow profile elements or tubular profile elements are formed from a material from the group consisting of metal, aluminum alloy, steel and profile material based on wood-based materials; and/or m3c) fastening an upper frame spar (46b) to frame spars (46a, 46c) to be arranged vertically, in particular via an adhesive connection, more particularly via a press-adhesive connection. assembly procedure Claim 13 , 14.1 wherein step m3a) comprises: providing the mounting plate (118) in such a way that the projection (124) is firmly connected or welded to the mounting plate (118); and/or 14.2 wherein step m4a) comprises: inserting the projection (124) into the cavity (126) until the projection (124) is above the height of a lower door hinge (50) by means of which the door leaf (52) is attached to the frame ( 48) is articulated, also engages in the at least one frame spar (46a, 46c) to be arranged vertically; and/or 14.3 wherein step m3a) comprises: providing the fastening plate (118) and the associated frame spar (46a, 46c) in such a way that the projection (124) is slidably accommodated in the cavity (126); and/or 14.4 wherein step m3a) comprises: providing the fastening plate (118) and the associated frame spar (46a, 46c) in such a way that the projection (124) is accommodated in the cavity (126) in a torsion-proof manner; and/or 14.5 wherein step m3a) comprises: providing the fastening plate (118) and the associated frame spar (46a, 46c) in such a way that the projection (124) is formed by a tube (128) or a solid post; and/or 14.6 wherein step m3a) comprises: providing the fastening plate (118) and the associated frame spar (46a, 46c) in such a way that the projection (124) is accommodated in the cavity (126) essentially without play. Assembly method according to one of Claims 12 until 14 , characterized in that step m4a) comprises at least one, several or all of the following steps: m4a.1) Fastening the fastening plate (118) to the floor (92) in such a way that it is separated from the associated frame spar (46a, 46c) to be arranged vertically protrudes towards the center of the door opening (16); and/or m4a.2) fastening a frame spar (46a) on the hinge side to the base (92) by means of a first fastening plate (118); and/or m4a.3) fastening a frame spar (46c) on the lock side to the floor (92) by means of a second fastening plate (118); and/or m4a.4) aligning the height of the frame spar (46a, 46c) to be fastened with the fastening plate (118) and fastening the projection (124) to the frame spar (46a, 46c). Assembly method according to one of Claims 6 until 15 , characterized in that step m3) includes providing the door leaf (52, 52a, 52b) with a door leaf frame (54) for framing a door leaf fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (56) and that step m4) inserting the frame (48) with the door leaf frame (54) held thereon and inserting the door leaf fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (56) after the frame (48) has been installed. Assembly method according to one of Claims 6 until 16 , characterized in that step m2) comprises: fixing the fire and/or smoke protection pane (14) at least on one of its outer edges (20, 22, 26, 24) and/or on the upper outer edge (26) and the first and second lateral outer edge (20, 22) with fastening profiles (98) on the building opening (88) and covering of the fastening profiles (98) by at least one cover (102) or fire protection plate (106). Fire and/or smoke barrier (10, 12) obtainable by an assembly method according to any of Claims 6 until 17 and comprising: a one-piece fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) and a fire and/or smoke protection door (18), wherein the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) consists of a first glass pane (28a) and a second glass pane (28b ). fire protection agent (42) is filled, with the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) moving in a horizontal direction when used as intended from a first lateral outer edge (20) to a second lateral outer edge (22) and in a vertical direction when used as intended extends from a lower outer edge (24) to an upper outer edge (26), the fire and/or smoke protection door (18) being formed from frame struts (46a, 46b, 46c). te frame (48) and at least one door leaf (52, 52a, 52b) movably articulated on the frame (48), wherein the fire and/or smoke protection glass pane (14) has a door opening (16) which is arranged at a distance from the first lateral outer edge (20), the second lateral outer edge (22) and the upper outer edge (26) and differs from the lower Outer edge (24) extends from, wherein the fire and / or noise protection door (18) is arranged in the door opening (16). Building, comprising at least one fire and/or smoke protection closure (10, 12). Claim 18 and/or at least one with an assembly method according to one of Claims 6 until 17 manufactured fire and / or smoke barrier (10, 12).

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