EP2581466A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de formage - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de formage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2581466A1
EP2581466A1 EP11185347.9A EP11185347A EP2581466A1 EP 2581466 A1 EP2581466 A1 EP 2581466A1 EP 11185347 A EP11185347 A EP 11185347A EP 2581466 A1 EP2581466 A1 EP 2581466A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aluminum sheet
sheet
cooled
aluminum
forming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11185347.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2581466B1 (fr
Inventor
Reiner DI Kelsch
Tobias B.Eng. Hägele
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voestalpine Metal Forming GmbH
Original Assignee
Voestalpine Metal Forming GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voestalpine Metal Forming GmbH filed Critical Voestalpine Metal Forming GmbH
Priority to EP20110185347 priority Critical patent/EP2581466B1/fr
Publication of EP2581466A1 publication Critical patent/EP2581466A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2581466B1 publication Critical patent/EP2581466B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a body side wall and a method for producing a molded part from an aluminum alloy aluminum sheet, in which the particular undeformed aluminum sheet is at least partially pre-cooled before its, carried out with a forming tool forming, in particular deep drawing.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to improve a method for producing a molded part in such a way that procedurally increased degrees of deformation can be achieved.
  • the process should be inexpensive and easy to use.
  • the invention achieves the stated object by providing the at least partially pre-cooled aluminum sheet for forming in an at least partially cooled forming tool, wherein at least one pre-cooled, failure-critical sheet metal portion of the aluminum sheet is formed with at least one cooled tool area at such a low temperature that a failure-free Shape change is possible on the aluminum sheet.
  • the aluminum sheet is introduced for forming in an at least partially cooled forming tool, then a temperature drift on the cooled aluminum sheet can be kept comparatively small, if, for example, comes to a contact between aluminum sheet and forming tool. It can therefore also be ensured that at least one precooled, failure-critical sheet metal region of the aluminum sheet is formed with at least one cooled tool region at such a low temperature that a failure-free deformation on the aluminum sheet is possible. Increased degrees of deformation can therefore be achieved by the method according to the invention without the need to set comparatively low temperatures on the entire pre-cooled aluminum sheet. The method can therefore not only allow process-safe, a failure-free forming and so in particular suitable for deep drawing for forming - preferably when a final forming is carried out, in which it is necessary to achieve relatively high degrees of deformation.
  • the method according to the invention is also relatively easy to handle in its application of the tool cooling.
  • a cost-effective and process-reliable method can also be made possible, because in particular due to increased tensile strength and increased elongation at break of the aluminum sheet during forming, high degrees of deformation can be achieved.
  • a failure error may represent a crack on the aluminum sheet, such as a tearing, tearing, etc., wrinkling of the aluminum sheet, and / or the like.
  • the not pre-cooled sheet metal portion of the aluminum sheet can namely break-relieving during reshaping for the fail-critical sheet metal area by a material Nachhne can adjust from this uncooled sheet metal area in the comparatively strong reshaping and pre-cooled sheet metal area.
  • This material flow is based, in particular, on the fact that this uncooled sheet metal area has a lower strength than is the case in the case of the failure-critical and deeply pre-cooled sheet metal area.
  • the non-pre-cooled sheet metal area therefore acts together with the precooled sheet metal area during the forming process to relieve the failure. Such a discharge can also ensure an increase in the process reliability of the process, whereby any process fluctuations can be safely intercepted.
  • the precooled, sheet-metal area that is critical of the critical area is covered with a cold-treatment-free sheet-metal area.
  • the potential of material flow can thus be increased significantly, which also considerable deformation levels can be withstood.
  • the thinning of the aluminum sheet in the vicinity of its fail-critical sheet-metal area can thus be made more uniform, which can be advantageous, in particular, during the deep drawing process.
  • increased process reliability of forming an increased dimensional accuracy of the molded part can be met so that the method can stand out particularly compared to the prior art.
  • the aluminum sheet is below a temperature of -20 degrees Celsius immediately before its forming in at least one of its failure-critical sheet metal areas, then this can already ensure a sufficient increase in the tensile strength and elongation at break, in order to ensure a process-reliable forming.
  • a temperature between -140 and -210 degrees Show Celsius as outstanding in its potential of achievable degrees of deformation and significantly improve the process reliability of a deep drawing process.
  • Comparatively high degrees of deformation can be achieved if, during forming, the failure-critical sheet metal area has the lowest temperature on the aluminum sheet.
  • liquid nitrogen can be characterized here as a cost-effective and in its cooling effect reliable coolant, because it allows cooling to -196 degrees Celsius in procedurally simple manner.
  • Increased safety during deep freezing of the aluminum sheet can be achieved, for example, when the aluminum sheet introduced into a cold chamber is sprayed with coolant for precooling.
  • the aluminum sheet held by a loading system in particular by a feeder or by a robot, can be sprayed with coolant for precooling when it is placed in the forming tool. This can lead to short cycle times and thus to a comparatively fast process.
  • the surface of the forming tool is sprayed during its introduction of coolant into its receptacle with coolant to its at least partially cooling.
  • the process for subsequent application can also be used in existing thermoforming equipment. An advantageous universal usability of the method according to the invention can thus be created.
  • the forming tool during the forming of the aluminum sheet for example by cooling channels, is cooled.
  • a particularly good temperature stability of the forming tool in particular in the case of the failure-critical sheet metal areas on the tool die and / or on the tool punch, can be made possible.
  • the process reliability of the process can be improved.
  • the method according to the invention may be distinguished when the sheet-metal part which is at least partially the door frame area of a molded part formed by a body side wall of a motor vehicle is at least partially pre-cooled on the aluminum sheet.
  • the deep-freezing according to the invention can enable a particularly safe method.
  • the process according to the invention was able to stand out in particular for aluminum sheet of a 5xxx, 6xxx or 7xxx aluminum alloy.
  • the method according to the invention can be distinguished with 6xxx aluminum alloys.
  • Such 6xxx aluminum alloys are often used for an outer skin of a body of a motor vehicle, but can not achieve comparatively high degrees of deformation with known heat treatment processes. Therefore, with the method according to the invention, even a 6xxx aluminum alloy can be reliably subjected to forming with a comparatively high degree of deformation.
  • the invention may also be distinguished from the prior art particularly when the method is used for producing a molded part designed as a body side wall of a motor vehicle - in particular when reshaping failsafe door frame areas.
  • the invention has also set itself the task of creating a geometrically demanding, with conventional forming technology not producible body side wall for a motor vehicle from an aluminum sheet.
  • the body side wall in particular for a motor vehicle, is manufactured from an aluminum sheet with in particular a 6xxx aluminum alloy with a door frame area that is critical in the thermoforming process.
  • the deep-drawing method according to the invention makes it possible to deep-draw a geometrically demanding body sidewall for a motor vehicle from an aluminum sheet, although such body side walls have failure-critical door frame areas that were previously not possible, or a component separation with an additional insert required, which is particularly for an aluminum sheet with a 6xxx aluminum alloy.
  • Fig. 1 For example, with reference to an exemplary embodiment, the method sequence for producing a molded part 1 is shown in greater detail.
  • the molded part 1 is formed from an undeformed aluminum sheet 2.
  • the aluminum sheet was previously subjected to a partial shaping.
  • the aluminum sheet 2 different aluminum alloys, For example, from the group 5xxx, 6xxx or 7xxxx, and / or may also have an equal sheet thickness.
  • this aluminum sheet 2 is partially pre-cooled, as can be seen in the subsequent illustration.
  • a cooling device 3 sprays a coolant 4 onto the surface 5 of the aluminum sheet 2 via nozzles, not shown, so that this sheet metal region 6 has a lower temperature than the rest of the sheet metal area. Liquid nitrogen has proved to be a particularly suitable coolant for this purpose.
  • even more sheet metal areas 6 or sheet metal edge areas with coolant 4 to cool deep but this has not been shown in detail.
  • the pre-cooled aluminum sheet 2 has been introduced into a forming tool 7 for forming.
  • the forming can also represent a final forming, in which usually comparatively high degrees of deformation are required and thus there may be an increased risk of failure.
  • the forming tool 7 may be formed, for example, as a drawing tool.
  • the already partially formed aluminum sheet 2 already spans between the tool die 8 and the tool punch 9.
  • the state of the forming tool 7 shown here is therefore more likely to be associated with the completion of the forming. Especially in this state of the process is usually expected to fail, because at the end of the drawing process often relatively thick sheet metal portions are formed. This includes in particular the failure critical door frame area 14 of a body side wall of a motor vehicle.
  • the invention now proposes that the pre-cooled aluminum sheet 2 is introduced for forming into an at least partially cooled forming tool 7.
  • the tool die 8 and the tool punch 9 are provided with cooling channels 10, which cool at least the failure critical contact areas with the aluminum sheet 2 from room temperature lower. It is therefore ensured that the pre-cooled, failure-critical sheet metal area 6 of the aluminum sheet 2 with at least these cooled tool areas 11, 12 at a such low temperature is transformed that, inter alia, the deep temperature-induced increased tensile strength and the increased elongation at break of the aluminum sheet 2 allow a failure-free forming.
  • the aluminum sheet 2 is at most partially pre-cooled, and only in the illustrated sheet metal region 6.
  • the deep-frozen, critical-critical sheet-metal region 6, for example a frame region 14 for a car door, can thus draw aluminum material from uncooled sheet metal regions 13 and 15, which have lower strength compared to the sheet metal region 6, so that the failure-critical and actively cooled sheet metal region 6 has a comparatively higher strength level can be relieved.
  • such an increased degree of deformation can be achieved or the process can be made more reliable.
  • a failure-critical sheet-metal region 6 can be relieved if the victim zone 13 and / or 15 comprises the failure-critical sheet-metal region 6.
  • the precooled, failure-critical sheet-metal region 6 is surrounded by or covered by a cold-treatment-free sheet-metal region.
  • the aluminum sheet 2 is moved between the various representations or brought into the relevant position.
  • it has been omitted in the drawings to represent the charging systems or "handling devices" for the aluminum sheet 2.
  • the aluminum sheet 2 held by a loading system in particular by a feeder or by a robot, is sprayed with coolant for precooling when it is placed in the forming tool 7.
  • the design effort for pre-cooling of the aluminum sheet 2 can be kept low because, for example, the cooling device 3 together with the charging system can form a handling unit.
  • the aluminum sheet is introduced into a cold chamber provided for this step and is sprayed there with coolant for precooling.
  • the surface of the forming tool 7 is sprayed during the introduction of the aluminum sheet into its receptacle with coolant.
  • the charging system takes over the loading of the forming tool with coolant. This leads, in particular with regard to an already provided pre-cooling of the aluminum sheet 2 by the charging system, to a constructive simplicity in a device provided for carrying out the method.
  • the method according to the invention is suitable for Fig. 1 in particular for deep-drawing a molded part 1, which is intended to form a body side wall of a motor vehicle and thus also has a door frame area 14 that is critical to failure.
  • a molded part 1 from an aluminum sheet 2 of the group of 6xxx aluminum alloys are final-formed.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b another mold part 16 is shown according to another embodiment.
  • This molded part 16 formed from an aluminum sheet 2 with a 6016 aluminum alloy, has a failure-critical sheet-metal region 6 or failure-critical frame region 14 which can not be produced with conventional or known forming.
  • a conventional or known forming method is used, it comes - as in Fig. 4a clearly visible - to a crack 17 or breaker in this failure-critical Zargen Suite 14.
  • a conventional forming process fails even with a 6016 aluminum alloy with 1.1 mm sheet thickness at a degree of deformation of 20 to 30%.
  • the aluminum sheet 2 is - as already described above - pre-cooled in his fail-critical sheet metal area 6 or fail-critical frame area 14 to -80 degrees Celsius, which place in the Fig. 4b only hinted at the molding 16 has been drawn.
  • the forming tool is cooled to -20 degrees Celsius, so as to reshape the pre-cooled aluminum sheet 2, in particular endumzuformen in this fail-critical sheet metal portion 6.
EP20110185347 2011-10-14 2011-10-14 Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de formage Active EP2581466B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20110185347 EP2581466B1 (fr) 2011-10-14 2011-10-14 Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de formage

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20110185347 EP2581466B1 (fr) 2011-10-14 2011-10-14 Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de formage

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EP2581466A1 true EP2581466A1 (fr) 2013-04-17
EP2581466B1 EP2581466B1 (fr) 2015-04-01

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3020491A1 (fr) 2014-11-14 2016-05-18 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de formage des tôles en aluminium
CN107866491A (zh) * 2017-12-06 2018-04-03 哈尔滨工业大学 一种铝合金板类构件冷冻成形方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112962038B (zh) * 2021-01-29 2022-03-04 山东省科学院新材料研究所 一种铝、镁铸态合金的热处理强化工艺及其应用

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2714127A1 (de) * 1976-03-31 1977-10-13 Union Carbide Corp Verfahren zur tieftemperaturformung von metallblechen
US4083220A (en) * 1975-04-21 1978-04-11 Hitachi, Ltd. Sub-zero temperature plastic working process for metal
JPS62166028A (ja) * 1986-01-17 1987-07-22 Hitachi Ltd アルミ合金管の極小ｒ曲げ加工方法
DE4307020A1 (de) * 1992-03-06 1994-01-05 Kobe Steel Ltd Verfahren zum Formpressen von Blechen aus Aluminium oder Aluminiumlegierungen
EP1775043A1 (fr) * 2005-10-14 2007-04-18 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. Procédé de formation assisté par fluide cryogénique

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4083220A (en) * 1975-04-21 1978-04-11 Hitachi, Ltd. Sub-zero temperature plastic working process for metal
DE2714127A1 (de) * 1976-03-31 1977-10-13 Union Carbide Corp Verfahren zur tieftemperaturformung von metallblechen
DE2714127C3 (de) 1976-03-31 1981-03-26 Union Carbide Corp., New York, N.Y. Verfahren zur Tieftemperaturformung von Metallblech
JPS62166028A (ja) * 1986-01-17 1987-07-22 Hitachi Ltd アルミ合金管の極小ｒ曲げ加工方法
DE4307020A1 (de) * 1992-03-06 1994-01-05 Kobe Steel Ltd Verfahren zum Formpressen von Blechen aus Aluminium oder Aluminiumlegierungen
EP1775043A1 (fr) * 2005-10-14 2007-04-18 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. Procédé de formation assisté par fluide cryogénique

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3020491A1 (fr) 2014-11-14 2016-05-18 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de formage des tôles en aluminium
CN107866491A (zh) * 2017-12-06 2018-04-03 哈尔滨工业大学 一种铝合金板类构件冷冻成形方法

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