EP2580152A1 - Verfahren zum bestimmen einer kippwahrscheinlichkeit bei einem flurförderzeug - Google Patents
Verfahren zum bestimmen einer kippwahrscheinlichkeit bei einem flurförderzeugInfo
- Publication number
- EP2580152A1 EP2580152A1 EP11745480.1A EP11745480A EP2580152A1 EP 2580152 A1 EP2580152 A1 EP 2580152A1 EP 11745480 A EP11745480 A EP 11745480A EP 2580152 A1 EP2580152 A1 EP 2580152A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- probability
- fzvl
- determined
- fzvr
- fzhl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/07559—Stabilizing means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F17/00—Safety devices, e.g. for limiting or indicating lifting force
- B66F17/003—Safety devices, e.g. for limiting or indicating lifting force for fork-lift trucks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for determining a probability of tipping in an industrial truck, such as a forklift.
- Forklift trucks (so-called FLT, English: fork-lift truck) from different manufacturers are constructed very similar in terms of the chassis.
- Predominant are a front-axle drive with a front axle fixed to the body, a rear axle steering with a pendulum axle and an almost complete absence of a suspension (only the tire has elastic properties).
- the steering is usually carried out as a hydrostatic steering, i.
- the steering wheel angle is transmitted to the wheel steering angle via hydraulic connecting elements.
- the lift mast with the fork is mounted in front of the front axle, the driver sits between the axles.
- the drive of the FLT generates not only the driving torque but also the braking torque via the drive train.
- a service brake which acts on all four wheels, is usually not provided.
- FLTs are very compact, i. narrow and short, built, very agile and can lift large loads very high. This may result in load bearing, driving and especially on sloping roads possibly high risk of tipping over because of the loads on the fork, the overall center of gravity of the FLTs is greatly shifted and the static and dynamic tipping stability of the FLT u.U. very much reduced, which is not always predictable for the driver.
- the x-axis points in the direction of travel, the y-axis perpendicular to the right along the front axis.
- the z-axis is perpendicular to the xy plane and points downwards (legal system).
- the rotation about the x-axis (longitudinal axis) is referred to as rolling, the rotation about the y-axis (transverse axis) as pitching, and the rotation about the z-axis (yaw axis) as yawing.
- DE 103 04 658 A1 discloses a device for controlling the driving stability of a forklift and a method for controlling a forklift.
- Sensors are used to record the load, the inclination of the mast and the lifting frame, the lifting height of the load, the tipping forces acting on the mast and the accelerations acting on the vehicle in the longitudinal and transverse directions and compared with specified limit values.
- limit values which are dependent on the driving state, can not be arbitrarily exceeded by the driver, so that the vehicle generally remains stable regardless of the driving state (cornering, straight ahead, downhill, etc.).
- the invention can purposefully improve the determination of the danger of tipping on industrial trucks by performing a tipping evaluation defined on an axle-specific and / or side-by-side basis.
- the normal forces acting on the wheels are compared, wherein based on the normal forces preferably roll and pitch probabilities as tilting probabilities be determined.
- the determination is based in particular on the forces in the z-direction (normal forces), in a four-wheel device, for example on FZVR.
- FZVL normal force front right or left
- F ZH R, F zhl normal force rear right or left.
- preferred equations are given to determine certain roll and pitch probabilities. These equations are characterized by their particularly simple shape and still lead to very useful tipping ratings.
- a counteracting tiltering operation is automatically performed in response to the certain probability of tilting.
- setpoint accelerations in the x and y direction of the industrial truck are determined in order to reduce or eliminate the danger of tipping over.
- the reliability can be significantly increased. Damage to man and / or machine can be avoided.
- limit values for the lift mast drive to prevent inadmissible fork heights and lift mast inclinations can be specified. As an intervention, the driving speed can also be limited.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a counterweight forklift in a side view.
- FIG. 2 shows an exemplary control circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 3 shows schematically the flow of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a counterweight forklift 1 (hereinafter FLT) with a driver's cab 2, a chassis with a front axle 4, a steerable rear axle 6, for example a pendulum axle, and a counterweight 8 arranged in the region of the rear axle 6, schematically from the side.
- FLT counterweight forklift 1
- FIG. 1 shows a counterweight forklift 1 (hereinafter FLT) with a driver's cab 2, a chassis with a front axle 4, a steerable rear axle 6, for example a pendulum axle, and a counterweight 8 arranged in the region of the rear axle 6, schematically from the side.
- a mast 10 is mounted with a tiltable about a tilt axis 12 mast 14.
- a fork 17 is slidably guided, wherein the lifting height h G by means of a schematically indicated lifting cylinder 18 is adjustable.
- the FLT 1 further comprises a control unit 20, which can be integrated in the vehicle control or designed as an external module.
- the control unit 20 is arranged to carry out the invention. In the following, simple feasible estimates are explained, which can serve as a starting point for the following description.
- the position (X F LT, V FLT, Z F _T) of the FLT center of gravity can be determined.
- inclined planes and load cells can be used for axle load determination, ie such a determination can possibly take place with relatively little effort.
- the FLT can be regarded as point mass m FLT .
- the moment of inertia of the FLTs can be measured around the vertical axis JZZFLT and thus assumed to be known.
- the fork load m La st and the position of the fork load center can, as described above, estimated or determined eg according to DE 103 04 658 A1. This results in a FLT overall model with two masses with two centers of gravity, which can be combined into a total mass total, a total center of gravity and a total moment of inertia.
- the total mass m Ge berichtd determined to:
- mTotal m L ast + TlFLT ⁇ tal
- the vertical distance of the center of gravity ZG total from the origin is determined as:
- ZTotal (TIFLT'ZFLT + rnL a st * Zload) / rnTotal
- the total moment of inertia JzzTotal of the FLT around the vertical axis is determined as:
- JzzTotal JzzFLT + TlLast'XLast 2 -
- the normal forces on each wheel can be estimated, for example, from sensor signals and using the calculation model explained below by way of example:
- a FLT generally has no separate suspension, ie the rear swing axle is hinged unsprung on the FLT structure and the front wheels of the FLT are mounted directly and rigidly on the body.
- the FLT structure is mechanically at three points, ie at the front wheels and at the joint of the pendulum axle, fixed. If the roll and pitch angles of the FLT are now measured, the road inclinations in these directions are estimated, and the yaw rate v Gi , the transverse and longitudinal accelerations a y and a x are measured, the normal forces can be calculated from the force and torque sums of the FLT structure at the front wheels Fzvi and F Z V R are determined as well as the transverse and normal forces F QH and F ZH in the joint of the pendulum axle:
- F ZH - nva y 'sin ( ⁇ p R + ⁇ p) - (F Z V R + F Z V L );
- F Z VR 1/2 '[(FZVL + FZVR) - (FZVL-FZVR)]
- FZVL [(FZVL + FZVR) - ZV]
- hpG height of joint swing axle over ground [m]
- RQHA (FZHR-FZHL) / (FZHR + FZHL) -
- RLL (FZVL-FZHL) / (FZVL + FZHL)
- RLR (FZVR-FZHR) / (FZVR + FZHR) - It is also intended to determine a total rolling probability R L :
- a tilting counteracting intervention is performed automatically.
- the need for a corrective intervention can be derived from the amounts for the risk of tipping near 1.
- a threshold a value of eg
- 0.9 can be used.
- the FLT can swing up with a high probability of overturning. It is also possible to set the turn-off threshold (e.g., at 0.8) for interventions to be lower than the turn-on threshold (e.g., at 0.9).
- the equations given above may be for a target size, here e.g. maximum allowable lateral acceleration ayumvA or ayumHA.
- desired values RovAum or RoHAUm are specified, e.g. as a fixed quantity or as a time-variable variable with a sliding adjustment to the actual value:
- ayLimVA ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ 8 « ⁇ ⁇ 1/2 ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 8 ( ⁇ + ⁇ ) + h S 'Sin ( P +)) +
- the smaller of the lateral acceleration values is selected and used for the limiting value formation:
- ayLim min ⁇ ayLimVA; a LimHA ⁇ .
- the lateral acceleration for example by means of steering and / or drive interventions, is now regulated so that the specific limit value is not exceeded.
- the effectiveness of a lateral acceleration control can be improved. For example. results from the dynamic behavior of the FLTs when driving forward a poor controllability of the lateral acceleration, ie the gain of the lateral acceleration loop can not be chosen very large. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, a second control loop is established via the yaw rate v G i of the FLT.
- the task is transmitted to the yaw rate control loop to generate quasi-stationary movement behavior of the FLT in the sense of a subordinate control loop.
- the target value v G iso of the yaw rate control is assumed on the assumption that the slip angle gradient of the FLT should become small
- v is the longitudinal velocity of the FLT.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a control loop structure 200 for regulating a lateral acceleration a y and a yaw rate v Gi .
- the control loop 200 is supplied with corresponding setpoints aysoii and v GiS oii as reference variables.
- the setpoints are each fed to a comparison element, to which the instantaneous actual values a y and v Gi are also supplied as control variables.
- the comparison elements determine the respective control deviation.
- the lateral acceleration control deviation is fed to a yaw rate controller 201, the yaw rate deviation is fed to a yaw rate controller 202.
- the two control elements each determine a manipulated variable, for example a steering movement, which are summed up and supplied with a possible disturbance variable L w to a lateral acceleration control path 203 and a yaw rate control path 204.
- the actual values a y and v Gi resulting from the controlled systems are, as already mentioned, used as a control variable for comparison with the respective reference variable.
- the statements made above regarding the lateral acceleration a y apply in a correspondingly adapted manner for the longitudinal acceleration a x .
- a permissible longitudinal acceleration a x u m is determined from the inversion of the equation for the pitch probability and the actual longitudinal acceleration is limited to this value, for example via a drive intervention.
- the travel speed is expediently limited to low values. If it is determined in the load identification that there is a load on the fork that would lead to (static) overturning of the FLT with the existing (ascertained) road inclination above a certain lifting height, the lifting height is expediently limited accordingly. This can be done, for example, by limiting the switching through of the control valves of the lifting mast, so that the lifting mast can not be moved to critical heights. Alternatively or additionally, the driver at the driver's seat, the criticality of the load, for example visually or acoustically, are displayed.
- a block 301 necessary parameters are determined, for example estimated or measured. These include the roadway inclination in the longitudinal and transverse directions, which can be estimated, for example, from center of gravity signals. Furthermore, the recorded fork load and the fork load dimension are determined, which can be estimated for example due to Hubmastsignalen. On the basis of these and in particular further immutable variables, the total center of gravity of the loaded FLT is determined in a block 302.
- a block 303 the four forces acting on one wheel-in the present case-are determined.
- various tilting probabilities R such as those shown in FIG. Rolling probabilities and pitch probabilities, certainly.
- the determined tilting probabilities are evaluated by, for example, being compared with a predetermined threshold value. It can also be considered how long and by how much the respective probability of tipping exceeds first threshold. If it is determined in this evaluation that there is no danger of tipping over, the method returns to the starting point 301.
- a tamper-evident intervention is automatically performed in step 306.
- This intervention may consist in particular of regulating a transverse and / or longitudinal acceleration and / or a yaw rate-as explained above.
- a subsequent step 307 it is checked whether a predetermined overturning condition still exists, for example by checking whether a certain tilting probability has fallen below a second threshold value.
- the first and second threshold values may be different in particular. If the tilt condition continues, the engagement 306 continues to be performed, but if the condition is no longer present, it returns to the starting point 301. Also in the evaluation in step 307, it is advantageously taken into account how long the second threshold value has been undershot in order to prevent rocking.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010023069A DE102010023069A1 (de) | 2010-06-08 | 2010-06-08 | Verfahren zum Bestimmen einer Kippwahrscheinlichkeit bei einem Flurförderzeug |
PCT/EP2011/002804 WO2011154129A1 (de) | 2010-06-08 | 2011-06-08 | Verfahren zum bestimmen einer kippwahrscheinlichkeit bei einem flurförderzeug |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2580152A1 true EP2580152A1 (de) | 2013-04-17 |
EP2580152B1 EP2580152B1 (de) | 2015-08-12 |
Family
ID=44514605
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11745480.1A Not-in-force EP2580152B1 (de) | 2010-06-08 | 2011-06-08 | Verfahren zum bestimmen einer kippwahrscheinlichkeit bei einem flurförderzeug |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9169110B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2580152B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5714100B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN102917973B (de) |
DE (1) | DE102010023069A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2011154129A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102910543B (zh) * | 2012-08-08 | 2014-10-15 | 三一集团有限公司 | 一种起重机及其防前倾翻保护方法和装置 |
US9309099B2 (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2016-04-12 | Cascade Corporation | Side-shift limiter |
JP6311563B2 (ja) * | 2014-10-08 | 2018-04-18 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 荷役制御装置 |
EP3072846A1 (de) * | 2015-03-25 | 2016-09-28 | DANA ITALIA S.p.A | System und verfahren zur erkennung eines drohenden umkippens eines fahrzeugs |
DE102015118472A1 (de) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-05-04 | Jungheinrich Aktiengesellschaft | Flurförderzeug mit einem Lastteil und einem Antriebsteil |
NL2015715B1 (nl) * | 2015-11-03 | 2017-05-24 | Ravas Europe B V | Hefvoertuig. |
US10467542B2 (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2019-11-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | Embedded dynamic stability measurement, optimization and alarm system |
US11807508B2 (en) | 2018-08-31 | 2023-11-07 | Hyster-Yale Group, Inc. | Dynamic stability determination system for lift trucks |
JP7135821B2 (ja) * | 2018-12-14 | 2022-09-13 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 荷役車両の重心推定装置 |
JP7215948B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-28 | 2023-01-31 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | フォークリフト |
GB2614737A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2023-07-19 | Bamford Excavators Ltd | A Working Machine |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3100548A (en) * | 1960-07-11 | 1963-08-13 | Yale & Towne Mfg Co | Steering controller for industrial truck |
GB1258081A (de) * | 1968-01-19 | 1971-12-22 | ||
JPS63154600A (ja) * | 1986-12-12 | 1988-06-27 | 株式会社ジャパニック | 昇降装置の荷重検出記録装置 |
JPS63136699U (de) * | 1987-02-27 | 1988-09-08 | ||
JP3132018B2 (ja) | 1991-01-22 | 2001-02-05 | アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 | 電動車両 |
JPH09309465A (ja) | 1996-05-22 | 1997-12-02 | Iseki & Co Ltd | 動力農機のバランス制御装置 |
JP3858450B2 (ja) | 1998-05-27 | 2006-12-13 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | パワーステアリング装置 |
US7216024B1 (en) | 1999-07-27 | 2007-05-08 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Industrial truck with a stabilizing device |
DE10010011A1 (de) * | 1999-07-27 | 2001-02-01 | Linde Ag | Flurförderzeug mit einer Stabilisierungseinrichtung zur Erhöhung der Standsicherheit |
JP2001206695A (ja) | 2000-01-31 | 2001-07-31 | Komatsu Forklift Co Ltd | 産業車両の転倒警報装置 |
DE10304658A1 (de) | 2003-02-05 | 2004-08-19 | Bosch Rexroth Ag | Flurförderfahrzeug |
EP2265540A1 (de) * | 2008-04-21 | 2010-12-29 | Pramac S.p.a. | Hubwagen |
CN101407307B (zh) * | 2008-11-24 | 2011-02-09 | 三一集团有限公司 | 升降链条防松方法、装置及使用该装置的堆高机 |
US8140228B2 (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2012-03-20 | The Raymond Corporation | System and method for dynamically maintaining the stability of a material handling vehicle having a vertical lift |
-
2010
- 2010-06-08 DE DE102010023069A patent/DE102010023069A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-06-08 WO PCT/EP2011/002804 patent/WO2011154129A1/de active Application Filing
- 2011-06-08 JP JP2013513577A patent/JP5714100B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-06-08 US US13/701,386 patent/US9169110B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-06-08 EP EP11745480.1A patent/EP2580152B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-06-08 CN CN201180028324.0A patent/CN102917973B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2011154129A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2011154129A1 (de) | 2011-12-15 |
DE102010023069A1 (de) | 2011-12-08 |
CN102917973A (zh) | 2013-02-06 |
JP2013529165A (ja) | 2013-07-18 |
US20130211679A1 (en) | 2013-08-15 |
EP2580152B1 (de) | 2015-08-12 |
US9169110B2 (en) | 2015-10-27 |
CN102917973B (zh) | 2015-08-19 |
JP5714100B2 (ja) | 2015-05-07 |
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