EP2567924B1 - Aufzug ohne Gegengewicht mit Zahnriemen und Zahnriemenscheibe - Google Patents

Aufzug ohne Gegengewicht mit Zahnriemen und Zahnriemenscheibe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2567924B1
EP2567924B1 EP20120154808 EP12154808A EP2567924B1 EP 2567924 B1 EP2567924 B1 EP 2567924B1 EP 20120154808 EP20120154808 EP 20120154808 EP 12154808 A EP12154808 A EP 12154808A EP 2567924 B1 EP2567924 B1 EP 2567924B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cogged
pulley
belt
elevator
counterweight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20120154808
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2567924A1 (de
Inventor
Borislav Tzvetkov Martinov
Jose Luis Blanco Sanchez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Elevator Manufacturing Spain SL
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp Elevator Manufacturing Spain SL
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2567924A1 publication Critical patent/EP2567924A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2567924B1 publication Critical patent/EP2567924B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/0065—Roping
    • B66B11/007—Roping for counterweightless elevators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
    • B66B11/08—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals with hoisting rope or cable operated by frictional engagement with a winding drum or sheave
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/06—Arrangements of ropes or cables
    • B66B7/062—Belts

Definitions

  • the object of the present invention is an elevator without counterweight with a cogged belt and pulley and particularly the elements and distribution thereof, for the purpose of moving the car without there being sliding between the belt and the driving pulley, with a minimum car weight and with a great use of the elevator hoistway.
  • the present invention is characterized in the design and arrangement both of the drive and the elements and means forming part of the object of the invention, with the dual objective of achieving a reduction of noise levels generated and a uniform, well balanced translation of the car and with a high comfort level.
  • the present invention is encompassed within the scope of elevators without counterweight, and additionally, among those elevators which have a cogged pulley and belt as transmission means.
  • Patent WO 2008/000886 is known in the state of the art in which it describes an elevator without counterweight which uses a flat cable or cable having a circular cross-section, using a tensioner which provides a variable tension according to the information given to it by a load cell located in the car to assure the traction and to keep the tension ratio in the two corresponding ropes T1/T2. Since this system does not have cogged pulleys and belts, it does not assure the traction in the entire path, and additionally, it also does not limit the belt movement and compensate for the elongation of the belts subjected to tension over time without keeping the tension T1/T2, the use of a tensioner and of a load cell being necessary.
  • Patents WO2004/094287 and WO2004/094289 claim the same hoistway arrangement as patent WO 2008/000886 , but the tensioner is not "variable" according to the load of the car. They always provide a constant tension.
  • Patent WO2004067429 describes an elevator with a more complex deflecting pulleys configuration (suspension 10:1) to maintain the traction by means of the tension ratio T1/T2 without the need of a counterweight. It is essentially envisaged for cables having a circular cross-section. In addition to the improvements listed at the end of this section, simplifying the elevator design by making it less expensive and simpler without needing to keep the tension ratio to maintain the traction is now sought, for which purpose cogged belts and pulleys with non-slip rollers are used in the present invention.
  • the objective of the present invention is to develop an elevator without counterweight overcoming the drawbacks described, i.e.,:
  • the noise levels generated in the translation is to be reduced, and a well balanced and uniform translation of the car is to be achieved by developing for such purposes an arrangement and means such as those described below which are shown in the essentiality thereof in the first claim.
  • the object of the invention is an elevator without counterweight with a cogged belt having a particular configuration and arrangement of the drive elements, i.e., of the traction machine, of the cogged belt and of the associated means, such as the deflecting pulleys, a hanger of one end of the cogged pulley and the tensioner of the other end of the cogged belt.
  • the car object of the invention moves vertically through the hole of a building known as the elevator hoistway, where the car is intended for transporting people or goods.
  • the car is guided along the hoistway by a group of guides.
  • the car is suspended from a cogged belt system.
  • the assembly is driven by a machine located in the upper portion of the hoistway.
  • the belt system is such that, in a car raising movement, the length of cable drawn in by the machine of the upper portion of the hoistway is returned to the lower portion of the hoistway.
  • a tensioner is also necessary to compensate for the elongation of the cables subjected to tension over time.
  • the car guides are vertically supported on the bottom of the hoistway.
  • the horizontal forces on the guides are transferred to the walls of the hoistway.
  • the horizontal forces on the guides occur when the centre of gravity of (car + load) are horizontally shifted from the centre of suspension of the car (crossed coordinates of the guide).
  • the use of cogged belts enables moving the car without sliding, even with a very low belt tension in the rope passing under the car.
  • the cars (and the counterweights) must have a minimum weight to maintain the traction capacity assured by the very friction between cable and driving pulley. Since the principle of the belts is not based on friction but on the meshing of the cogs, it is already possible to reduce the weight of the empty car as much as possible, and therefore making the car less expensive by using less material.
  • Cogged belts are more flexible than round steel cables. Therefore, the deflecting pulleys and the driving pulley of the machine have a smaller diameter (more compact).
  • the torque of the machine is directly proportional to the diameter of the driving pulley .
  • the machine could be made with a smaller section to take advantage of the space intended as clearance.
  • the cogs of the driving pulley are helical which assures a uniform meshing with the cogged belt and not a discontinuous meshing, as has been occurring with the pulleys with non helical cogs, which further results in a prolongation of the service life of the cogged belt.
  • the cogged pulley was made of a single part, since until now pulleys were made in two parts assembled to one another, therefore any minimum deviation in the coupling of the two portions of the cogged pulley results in a lack of precision in the meshing and therefore to a higher noise level, manufacturing in a single part therefore assures a perfect meshing between the cogged pulley and belt and prevents the possible deviations which have been occurring up until now.
  • deflecting pulley integrated with the machine further reduces the forces to those which the shaft of the driving pulley would be subjected in the case of not having the deflecting pulley proposed herein, and therefore, reduces the constructive requirements of the shaft.
  • the driving pulley anti slip wheels which are placed with their axes perpendicular to the tangent of the entry and exit points of the cogged belt with respect to the cogged pulley.
  • the car guides centrally arranged in relation to the centre of masses of the car assembly also collaborates in the well balanced translation of the car.
  • the cogged belt has at one of its ends a tensioner device preventing this effect, and therefore, the vibrations which may be produced in the belt during the elevator operation.
  • two technical effects are basically achieved, such as, on one hand, the reduction of noise level, and on the other hand, a well balanced and uniform translation of the car, the constructive variants described being necessary and that some of them cooperate in the two purposes described, in addition to achieving derived additional technical effects.
  • the cogged belt (2) starting from the hanger (6) and the associated deflecting pulley (7) passes through the upper pulleys (3) of the car (1), followed by the cogged pulley (8) and the deflecting pulley (23) ( Figure 7 ) of the machine (5), going to the bottom of the hoistway (1) until reaching the deflecting pulley of the hoistway (11), continuing through the lower pulleys (4) of the car (1) to finally end in the tensioner (9) and its associated deflecting pulley (10).
  • the load is suspended from the cogged belts which are the traction elements replacing the conventional steel cable.
  • the lifting is achieved as a result of meshing the cogs of the belt and those of the pulley which according to the shape thereof can create the traction necessary for lifting the load. Therefore the dependency of the elevator operation on the friction forces between the cable and the driving pulley is eliminated.
  • the elevator hoistway (13) and the maximum use thereof can be observed in Figure 2 , as a result of a suitable arrangement of the guides (12), the machine (5), and the deflecting pulleys.
  • the guides (12) are centrally arranged with relation to the centre of masses of the car assembly.
  • Figure 3 shows the machine (5) for applying the traction on the cogged belt (2), the association of the machine (5) with a cogged pulley (8), and in turn, the association of a cogged belt (2) with the latter being able to be observed.
  • the machine (5) has a brake (5.1) which will be mounted either on the rear portion or on the front portion on the support (5.2).
  • At least one cogged traction pulley (8) is arranged on the shaft of the machine, which in a possible embodiment may be two cogged pulleys.
  • the pulleys are flanked by discs or flanges which do not allow the belt to come off from its operating position.
  • the diameter of the pulley is greater than 100 mm, the cogs that it has are helical, with a passage between 7 and 9 mm, both facts resulting in less vibration and noise.
  • the width of the driving pulley is greater than the width of the cogged belt and it is self-centering, which in a possible embodiment, the driving pulley is 1 mm wider than the cogged belt.
  • the cogged belt (2) has two portions attached to one another by means of extrusion which are a plastic portion and several steel cords embedded in the plastic portion.
  • the plastic portion has two faces, a flat face and another cogged face.
  • the cogged portion is formed by inclined cogs placed in a staggered formation. The cogs form an angle of 120°.
  • the passage between the cogs is comprised between 7 and 9 mm.
  • the width of the belt can be of different measurements depending on the power and the load to be transmitted.
  • the belt (2) has three elements which are the transparent polyurethane (2.2), steel reinforcement cables (2.1) embedded in the transparent polyurethane (2.2) and a textile mesh (2.3), arranged covering the cogged portion.
  • the textile mesh (2.3) improves the operation and the comfort level by increasing the coupling smoothness when moving and therefore the vibration and noise levels are improved, whereas the transparent polyurethane allows a visual inspection of the steel reinforcement cables embedded in the polyurethane.
  • the thickness of the cogged belt with cogs is 4 to 6 mm, the non-cogged portion has a thickness less than 3 mm.
  • All the elements forming part of the elevator particularly the cogged belt and pulley, adopt a high safety coefficients preventing the breakage of the pulley or belt cogs. Driving in both directions in any direction is thus assured. Uncontrolled movement typical for a cable elevator caused by the unbalance between the stress of the two braches or by the lack of adherence are prevented.
  • the machine (4) has at least two non-slip rollers (14) preventing the belt (2) from coming off and are assembled such that their centres of rotation are perpendicular to the tangent of the entry and exit points of the cogged belt with respect to the cogged pulley.
  • the distance between the non-slip rollers (14) and the pinions or cogged pulleys (9) is sufficient so that the belt passes freely in a well meshed manner, but also prevents the cogs of the belt from coming off the cogs of the pinion.
  • the machine (5) driving the traction system is mounted on a base (15).
  • This base (15) transmits the forces both to the car guide (12) and to the walls of the elevator hoistway.
  • the machine (5) and its base (15) are located in the upper portion of the hoistway in the projection of the car.
  • the machine and its base are at a distance from the car ceiling. All the above enables a maximum use of the elevator hoistway, because the machine does not represent a limit to maximize the car area. In other words, for several existing hoistway dimensions, it is possible to transport a greater number of passengers or objects at once.
  • the traction machine (5) has an associated deflecting pulley (23) improving the operation of the shaft as it does not receive all the load, furthermore, non-slip rollers (14) associated with the machine preventing the cogs of the belt from coming off from those of the pinion or pulley are provided, this in combination with the use of a cogged belt with a cogged pulley assures the traction throughout the entire path.
  • FIG 8 where the elements forming part of the tensioner mounted on the bottom of the hoistway are shown, shows the cogged belt lashing by means of a wedge (16), associated with a regulating rod (18) which in turn has a spring (17) mounted thereon at its upper end.
  • This spring (17) has several functions, on one hand, it absorbs the loads of the impact transmitted by the belts, and on the other it keeps the cogged belts (2) with the same tension to prevent the premature failure of some of them due to poor tension distribution.
  • Each belt lashing has a system for regulating the length of the terminal. Therefore the tension of each of the belts can be balanced.
  • the tensioner (9) together with the deflecting pulley (10) and a damper (19) can be observed in Figure 9 .
  • the deflecting pulleys in the lower area of the hoistway are secured to the car guide (12) by means of a metal structure. This structure is fixed both below the car guide and to the floor and wall of the hoistway.
  • the deflecting pulley of the hanger allows bringing the car deflecting pulley below the position of the tensioner closer. This allows reducing the height of the hoistway.
  • the hanger (6) for cogged belts (2) is observed in Figure 10 , where a metal structure (6.1) which supports the lashings of the belts and transmits the tension of the cogged belts to the car guide (12) can be seen.
  • a damper (6.2) located in the car which will impact against the metal structure of the hanger if the car goes beyond the end of the path is shown.
  • the guide (12) is centered with respect to the geometric axis of the elevator hoistway.
  • Figure 11 shows the assembly of the hanger (6) for cogged belts having elements for lashing the cogged belt (2), associated with a deflecting pulley (7).
  • Figure 12 shows the features of the deflecting pulleys which can made of plastic; they are mounted on a shaft (22) at the ends of which there are bearings (21), each of the pulleys has its own channellings separated by a flange (20), the channellings having a convexity or an outwardly dished shape for the purpose of centering the belt in the channelling without the need of bordering with the flanks of the channelling, eliminating the wear of the sides of the belt.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Aufzug ohne Gegengewicht mit Zahnriemen und Zahnriemenscheibe, wobei:
    - die Zahnriemenscheibe (8) aus einem einzigen Teil hergestellt ist, welches eine Nut im Mittelpunkt aufweist, der Durchmesser der Riemenscheibe größer als 100 mm ist, ihre Zähne spiralförmige Zähne sind und die Breite der treibenden Riemenscheibe größer als die des Zahnriemens ist, wobei sie selbstzentrierend ist und von Scheiben oder Flanschen (20) flankiert ist,
    - der Zahnriemen (2) zwei Teile aufweist, welche miteinander mittels Strangpressen zusammengefügt sind, die ein Kunststoffteil und mehrere in dem Kunststoffteil eingebettete Stahlseile sind, wobei die Geometrie des Zahnriemens zwei Seiten aufweist, eine flache Seite und eine andere verzahnte Seite, welche durch geneigte Zähne gebildet wird, die in einer versetzten Anordnung liegen und wobei der Riemen (2) drei Elemente aufweist: transparentes Polyurethan (2.2), eine Kabelarmierung (2.1) aus Stahl, welche in dem transparenten Polyurethan (2.2) eingebettet ist, und ein Textilgeflecht (2.3), welches den verzahnten Teil deckt,
    - die Maschine (5) die treibende Zahnriemenscheibe (8) aufweist, welche sich in der Verlängerung der Decke befindet, und zusätzlich mindestens zwei gleitfeste Rollen (14) aufweist, die verhindern, dass sich der Riemen (2) ablöst, und mit einer Ablenkungsriemenscheibe (23) verbunden ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ablenkungsriemenscheiben (3) (4) jeweils über und unter dem Fahrkorb (1) angeordnet sind; dass einerseits in dem oberen Teil des Schachts (13) ein Aufhänger (6) für den Zahnriemen (2) angeordnet ist, wobei der Aufhänger mit einer Ablenkungsriemenscheibe (7) verbunden ist, andererseits eine Maschine (5) angeordnet ist, die mit mindestens einer Zahnriemenscheibe (8) verbunden ist, wobei einerseits zusätzlich in dem unteren Teil des Schachts eine Spannvorrichtung (9) angeordnet ist, welche mit einer Ablenkungsriemenscheibe (10) verbunden ist und andererseits eine Ablenkungsriemenscheibe (11) angeordnet ist.
  2. Aufzug ohne Gegengewicht mit Zahnriemen und Zahnriemenscheibe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Maschine (5) eine Bremse (5.1) aufweist, welche entweder in dem hinteren Teil oder in dem vorderen Teil auf ein Lager (5.2) montiert wird.
  3. Aufzug ohne Gegengewicht mit Zahnriemen und Zahnriemenscheibe nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Maschine auf ein Untergestell (15) montiert wird, welches die Kräfte sowohl auf die Fahrkorbführung (12) als auch auf die Wände des Aufzugschachts überträgt.
  4. Aufzug ohne Gegengewicht mit Zahnriemen und Zahnriemenscheibe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die gleitfeste Rollen (14) so eingebaut sind, dass ihre Drehpunkte zur Tangente der Eingangs- und Ausgangspunkte des Zahnriemens (2) in Bezug auf die Zahnriemenscheibe (8) senkrecht sind.
  5. Aufzug ohne Gegengewicht mit Zahnriemen und Zahnriemenscheibe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ablenkungsriemenscheiben in dem unteren Bereich des Schachts an der Fahrkorbführung (12) mit einer Metallstruktur gesichert sind, welche sowohl unter der Fahrkorbführung (12) als auch an dem Boden und der Wand des Schachts befestigt ist.
  6. Aufzug ohne Gegengewicht mit Zahnriemen und Zahnriemenscheibe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Aufhänger (6) für Zahnriemen (2) eine Metallstruktur (6.1) aufweist, welche die Verankerungen der Riemen lagert und die Spannung der Kabel auf die Fahrkorbführung (12) überträgt.
  7. Aufzug ohne Gegengewicht mit Zahnriemen und Zahnriemenscheibe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ablenkungsriemenscheiben, welche auf einem Lager montiert sind, welches an der Fahrkorbführung (12), an dem unteren Teil oder an der Decke des Schachts befestigt ist, eine Riemenspannvorrichtung (9) und einen Dämpfer (19) aufweisen, welche aus Kunststoff hergestellt sind, und eigene Auskehlungen aufweisen, welche durch einen Flansch (20) getrennt sind, wobei die Auskehlungen eine Konvexität oder eine nach außen gewölbte Form aufweisen.
  8. Aufzug mit Zahnriemen und Zahnriemenscheibe und ohne Gegengewicht nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dicke des Zahnriemens mit Zähnen 4 bis 6 mm beträgt, und der Teil ohne Zähne eine Dicke kleiner als 3 mm aufweist.
  9. Aufzug mit Zahnriemen und Zahnriemenscheibe und ohne Gegengewicht nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zahnriemenscheibe (8) spiralförmige Zähne aufweist, mit einer Steigung zwischen 7 und 9 mm und mit einer Breite, welche 1 mm größer als die Breite des Zahnriemens ist.
EP20120154808 2011-09-07 2012-02-10 Aufzug ohne Gegengewicht mit Zahnriemen und Zahnriemenscheibe Not-in-force EP2567924B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201100834U ES1075599Y (es) 2011-09-07 2011-09-07 Ascensor sin contrapeso con correa y polea dentada

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2567924A1 EP2567924A1 (de) 2013-03-13
EP2567924B1 true EP2567924B1 (de) 2014-04-16

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PT (1) PT2567924E (de)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI125338B (fi) * 2013-10-18 2015-08-31 Kone Corp Hissin nostokoneisto sekä hissiasennus
JP7253378B2 (ja) 2016-03-15 2023-04-06 オーチス エレベータ カンパニー 横方向層を含む荷重支持部材
CN106494974A (zh) * 2016-12-27 2017-03-15 刘凯 一种自曳引力驱动电梯
DE102017011511A1 (de) * 2017-12-13 2019-06-13 Spanset Secutex Sicherheitstechnik Gmbh Traverse und Schlaufenelement
US10941020B2 (en) 2018-01-30 2021-03-09 Otis Elevator Company Deflector sheave bracket for offset bedplate
CN113796901B (zh) * 2021-10-23 2023-10-10 中国人民解放军空军军医大学 一种脊柱外科的脊柱骨折后路量化撑开复位外固定装置
EP4269310A1 (de) * 2022-04-25 2023-11-01 Thoma Aufzüge GmbH Leichtlauf-antrieb für einen aufzug

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI119237B (fi) 2003-01-31 2008-09-15 Kone Corp Hissi, menetelmä hissin muodostamiseksi ja tasauslaitteiston käyttö
FI20021959A (fi) 2002-11-04 2004-05-05 Kone Corp Hissi
WO2003043927A2 (de) 2001-11-23 2003-05-30 Inventio Ag Aufzug mit riemenartigem übertragungsmittel, insbesondere mit zahnriemen, als tragmittel und/oder treibmittel
WO2004094289A1 (en) 2003-04-22 2004-11-04 Otis Elevator Company Elevator system without a moving counterweight
ITBO20030413A1 (it) * 2003-07-03 2005-01-04 Sassi Alberto Spa Unita' di movimentazione per ascensori e montacarichi.
FI116461B (fi) 2004-03-18 2005-11-30 Kone Corp Menetelmä hissin asentamiseksi ja hissin toimituskokonaisuus
FI20060627L (fi) 2006-06-28 2007-12-29 Kone Corp Järjestely vastapainottomassa hississä
US20100133046A1 (en) * 2007-03-12 2010-06-03 Inventio Ag Elevator system, suspension element for an elevator system, and device for manufacturing a suspension element

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Publication number Publication date
ES1075599U8 (es) 2011-11-24
ES2480195T3 (es) 2014-07-25
PT2567924E (pt) 2014-07-18
ES1075599Y (es) 2012-02-02
ES1075599U (es) 2011-11-07
EP2567924A1 (de) 2013-03-13

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