EP2567925B1 - Aufzug mit Zahnriemen und Rad und mit Gegengewicht - Google Patents

Aufzug mit Zahnriemen und Rad und mit Gegengewicht Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2567925B1
EP2567925B1 EP12154810.1A EP12154810A EP2567925B1 EP 2567925 B1 EP2567925 B1 EP 2567925B1 EP 12154810 A EP12154810 A EP 12154810A EP 2567925 B1 EP2567925 B1 EP 2567925B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cogged
pulley
belt
counterweight
elevator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12154810.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2567925A1 (de
Inventor
Borislav Tzvetkov Martinov
Jose Luis Blanco Sanchez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TK Elevator GmbH
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp Elevator Manufacturing Spain SL
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ThyssenKrupp Elevator Manufacturing Spain SL filed Critical ThyssenKrupp Elevator Manufacturing Spain SL
Publication of EP2567925A1 publication Critical patent/EP2567925A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2567925B1 publication Critical patent/EP2567925B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
    • B66B11/08—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals with hoisting rope or cable operated by frictional engagement with a winding drum or sheave
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/06—Arrangements of ropes or cables
    • B66B7/062—Belts

Definitions

  • the object of the present invention is an elevator driven by a cogged belt and pulley system imparting translational movement to the car and counterweight elements of the elevator.
  • the main feature of the system due to its working principle, is its traction capacity which does not allow the relative movement between the cogged belt and the cogged pulley, even with a very light car.
  • This entails several advantages, such as the possibility of increasing the useful load and reducing the size of the elements of the elevator.
  • Among other objectives of the elements and the distribution thereof is to particularly achieve a greater use of the elevator hoistway, both of its dimensions in length and width and of the heights of the upper and lower areas.
  • the present invention is characterized in the design and arrangement both of the drive and the elements and means forming part of the object of the invention, with the dual objective of achieving a reduction of noise levels generated and a uniform translation of the car and with a high comfort level.
  • the present invention is encompassed within the scope of elevators and particularly those which are moved by means of a cogged pulley and belt and among elevators with counterweight.
  • Patent documents disclosing different of types and means for the traction of the car of an elevator are known in the state of the art in which the following must be highlighted.
  • Patent ES 2272055 T3 discloses an elevator with counterweight with flat cables.
  • the use of flat cables allows reducing the size of the drive of the motor because the flexural rigidity is much less.
  • the motor is positioned between the wall and the car to allow making use of the entire elevator hoistway along its height, also fixed to the wall or ceiling.
  • the fact that the diameter of the pulley is less than 100 mm means that the number of revolutions is high which causes a higher noise level and a reduction of the comfort level.
  • an elevator with counterweight is to be designed in which the sliding between the pulley and the belt are prevented using a cogged pulley and cogged belt, and additionally reducing the noise level and improving the comfort levels by making sure that the pulley is greater than 100 mm in diameter.
  • Patent application PCT WO 99/43602 discloses an example of an elevator system with a belt type flat transmission means. According to this patent application, the elevator car moves by means of a drive installed in the mass balance weight and moves integrally with the latter. The sliding between the pulley and the belt are not prevented since it has a transmission system by means of flat belt.
  • patent application PCT WO 99/43592 discloses another elevator system with a belt type transmission means, where the drive is integrated in the counterweight, and a belt type transmission means fixed to the elevator car serves to transmit the driving force between the counterweight and the elevator car.
  • Document US2010133046 discloses an elevator installation which has a cabin or a platform for carrying persons and goods, and has counter weights arranged to move or slide along a movement track.
  • the counter weights are movably coupled with one another with the help of traction unit or with a drive.
  • the counter weights move or slide along a movement track and is assigned a driving unit or a force transmission arrangement, which is guided or driven by driving disk or driving shaft or a deflection pulley.
  • Document EP 1493708 discloses a drive for elevators and goods hoists which comprises a shaft inside which a car and a counterweight guided so that they can slide parallel to each other in opposite directions, the car and the counterweight being connected by at least one toothed belt, which is functionally associated with a motor unit (6); the toothed belt is of the commercial type and the motor unit has a torque limiting coupling (8) interposed between the motor unit and a meshing pinion (9) of the belt (4).
  • the objective of the present invention is to develop an elevator overcoming the drawbacks described, i.e.,:
  • the noise levels generated in the translation is to be reduced, and a well balanced and uniform translation of the car is to be achieved.
  • the object of the invention is an elevator with a cogged belt and pulley having a particular configuration and arrangement of the drive elements, i.e., of the traction machine of the cogged belt and of the associated means, such as the deflecting pulleys and fastenings for fastening the ends of the cogged belt.
  • the car object of the invention moves vertically through the hole of a building known as the elevator hoistway, where the car is intended for transporting people or goods.
  • the car is guided along the hoistway by a group of guides.
  • the car is suspended from a cogged belt system at one of its ends, a counterweight being suspended at the other end of the cogged belt system.
  • the assembly is driven by a machine located in the upper portion of the hoistway screwed to a base located in the upper portion of the hoistway.
  • the car guides and counterweight are vertically supported on the bottom of the hoistway and are fixed to the walls by intermediate supports.
  • the base together with the machine are inside the hoistway, they can be supported on one of the car guides, on the wall, at the ceiling, on the guides of the counterweight or on any combination of two or three of these four elements.
  • the load distribution will be different in each case. It is possible to transfer the weight of the entire system to the hoistway floor. Therefore, the walls of the building do not have to support the weight of the elevator assembly.
  • the cogs of the driving pulley are helical, whereas the cogs of the cogged belt are straight, which assures a uniform meshing with the cogged belt and not a discontinuous meshing, as has been occurring with the pulleys with non helical cogs, which further results in a prolongation of the service life of the cogged belt.
  • the cogged pulley was made of a single part, since until now pulleys were made by producing two halves attached to one another, therefore any minimum deviation in the coupling of the two portions of the cogged pulley results in a lack of precision in the meshing and therefore to a higher noise level.
  • deflecting pulley integrated with the machine further reduces the forces to those which the shaft of the driving pulley would be subjected in the case of not having the deflecting pulley proposed herein, and therefore, reduces the constructive requirements of the shaft.
  • the driving pulley anti slip wheels which are placed with their axes perpendicular to the tangent of the entry and exit points of the cogged belt with respect to the cogged pulley.
  • the car guides centrally arranged in relation to the centre of masses of the car assembly also collaborates in the well balanced translation of the car.
  • the machine is solely and exclusively located in the projection of the counterweight, enabling a greater use of the dimensions of the hoistway in the upper areas, in addition to preventing horizontal components and therefore preventing more uniform translation.
  • two technical effects are basically achieved, such as, on one hand, noise level reduction, and on the other hand, a well balanced and uniform translation of the car, the constructive variants described being necessary to achieve both purposes since the constructive features cooperate in the two purposes described, in addition to achieving additional derived technical effects.
  • the cogged belt (2) starting from a first fixing end (7) passes through the deflecting pulleys (3) of the car (1), which as has been said, can be arranged in the upper or lower portion of the car (1), followed by the deflecting pulley (5) and by the driving pulley or pinion (9) ( Figure 3 ) of the machine (4), going to the bottom of the hoistway (18) until reaching the suspension pulley (19) of the counterweight (6), continuing in its final section to the second fixing end (8) of the cogged belt.
  • the load is suspended from the cogged belts which are the traction elements replacing the conventional steel cable.
  • the lifting is achieved as a result of meshing the cogs of the belt and those of the pulley which as a result of the shape thereof can create the traction necessary for lifting the load. Therefore the dependency of the elevator operation on the friction forces between the cable and the driving pulley is eliminated.
  • the axes of the deflecting pulleys (3) which can be arranged above or below of the car (1) are perpendicular to the plane of the car guides. The location of the pulleys is moved with respect to the middle plane of the car.
  • Figure 2 shows the position of the cogged belt which is between the car guide (20) and the step (21), which assures a better operation of the elevator as it pulls the centre of masses of the car, compensating the door weight.
  • the guide (20) passes through the geometric centre of the car (1), which assures that the forces of the guide during emergency braking are the least possible.
  • the driving machine (4) responsible for the traction on the cogged belt (2) is observed in Figure 3 , the association of the machine (4) with a cogged pulley (9), and in turn the association of a cogged belt (2) with the latter, being shown.
  • the machine (4) has either a brake (11) assembled on a support (10), or a brake (13) mounted in the rear portion.
  • the pulleys are flanked by discs or flanges which do not allow the belt to come off from its operating position.
  • the cogged pulley (9) and the cogged belt (2) are protected by a casing (12) in their point of meshing.
  • the dimensions of the machine can be reduced, maintaining optimum dimensions between length, width and height.
  • the diameter of the cogged pulleys is greater than 100 mm, having a width greater than the width of the cogged belt, which can be, in a possible embodiment, 1 mm.
  • the cogged belt (2) has three elements attached to one another by means of extrusion which are a plastic portion, several steel cords embedded therein and a textile mesh.
  • the textile mesh improves the operation and the comfort level by increasing the coupling smoothness when moving and therefore the vibrations and noise.
  • the plastic portion has two faces, a flat face and another cogged face.
  • the cogged portion is formed by inclined cogs located in staggered formation and covered by the textile mesh.
  • the cogs form angle of 120°.
  • the passage between the cogs is comprised between 7 and 9 mm.
  • the width of the belt can be of different measurements depending on the power and the load to be transmitted.
  • the belt (2) has three elements which are the transparent polyurethane (2.2), steel reinforcement cables (2.1) embedded in the transparent polyurethane (2.2) and a textile mesh (2.3) arranged covering the cogged portion.
  • the function of the mesh is to reduce the vibrations and noise, whereas the transparent polyurethane allows a visual inspection of the steel reinforcement cables embedded in the polyurethane.
  • the thickness of the cogged belt with cogs is 4 to 6 mm, the non-cogged portion has a thickness less than 3 mm.
  • All the elements forming part of the elevator particularly the cogged belt and pulley, adopt a high safety coefficients preventing the breakage of the pulley or belt cogs. Driving in both directions in any direction is thus assured. Uncontrolled movement typical for a cable elevator caused by the unbalance between the tension of the two ropes or by the lack of adherence are prevented.
  • the machine (4) has at least two non-slip rollers (14) preventing the belt (2) from coming off and are assembled such that their centres of rotation are perpendicular to the tangent of the entry and exit points of the cogged belt with respect to the cogged pulley.
  • the distance between the non-slip rollers (14) and the pinions or cogged pulleys (9) is sufficient so that the belt passes freely in a well meshed manner, but also prevents the cogs of the belt from coming off the cogs of the pinion.
  • the machine (4) has a gearless motor, a support or base, a brake, the two non-slip rollers (14) and a deflecting pulley (5).
  • the deflecting pulley (5) forms the indivisible portion of the machine and prevents the inclination of the belt in the rope going to the car, i.e., the cogged belts connect in a vertical and non-inclined manner to the deflecting pulley and to the driving pulley, such that the horizontal component attempting to tip the car by creating a tug, discomfort and great wear in the friction clamps, as well as a lack of uniformity in the translation of the car is eliminated.
  • At least one cogged driving pulley (9) which is flanked by discs or flanges preventing the cogged belts (2) from being able to come off from its position will be arranged on the shaft of the machine.
  • the non-slip rollers (14) are assembled such that their centres of rotation are located in an angle which can very between 70° and 190°. Therefore, the angle between the axes of rotation of the roller assemblies will coincide with the angle of contact of the belt, contacting the tangent point thereof with the driving pulley (convergence between the belt and pinion).
  • the distance between the outer diameters of the non-slip pulleys and those of the driving pulleys is sufficient so that the thickness of the driving belt passes, assuring the traction in both directions and eliminating the risk of drive loss due to the cogs of the belt coming off from those of the pinion.
  • the machine (4) driving the drive system is mounted on a base .
  • the assembly formed by the machine and the base is fixed to the wall, to the guides of the counterweight, to the ceiling, or to one of the car guides, or in any combination of any of two or three of these four elements.
  • the base together with the machine is solely located in the projection of the counterweight such that it enables the car to pass by the side of the machine-base assembly.
  • the base can be fixed to a combination of the elements listed above.
  • the integration of the deflecting pulley to the support favors operating and constructing the machine by distributing the loads between two axes. Therefore the shaft of the driving pulley only receives a load component from the car rope which allows reducing the diameters of the shaft and bearing.
  • Figure 8 shows the features of the deflecting pulleys (3), which in a possible embodiment are manufactured from plastic, they are mounted on a shaft (15) at the ends of which there are arranged bearings (17), each of the pulleys has its own chanellings separated by a flange (16), the chanellings having a convexity or an outwardly dished shape for the purpose of keeping the belt centered in the chanelling without the need of bordering with the flanks of the chanelling, eliminating the wear of the sides of the belt.
  • the elevator in the cases of impact caused by an infinite traction situation, can be provided with shock absorbers at both ends of the path, electrical elements, such as limit switches interrupting the movement before the elevator collides with the shock absorbing pads.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Aufzug mit Zahnriemen und Rad und mit Gegengewicht aufweisend Ablenkräder (3) oberhalb oder unterhalb einer Kabine (1), wobei Befestigungselemente (7) und (8) zur Befestigung der Enden des Zahnriemens (2) an dem oberen Teil des Aufzugschachts (18) angeordnet sind, wobei ebenfalls eine Maschine (4), die aus einem getriebelosen Motor gebildet ist, vorgesehen ist, wobei er zusätzlich eine Abstützung und eine Bremse aufweist, wobei all diese Elemente auf einer Basis montiert sind, und wobei sich die Maschine in der Projektion eines Gegengewichts (6) befindet, welches auf einer Seite des Aufzugschachts (18) angeordnet ist; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    - zumindest ein Zahnrad (9) auf der Welle der Maschine aufgebaut ist, wobei die Maschine (4) ein integriertes Ablenkrad (5) aufweist, und die Maschine zumindest zwei rutschfeste Rollen (14) aufweist, welche verhindern, dass der Riemen (2) herauskommt und wobei die genannten rutschfeste Rollen (14) so aufgebaut sind, dass ihre Drehachsen zur Tangente des Eingangs- und Ausgangspunkts des Zahnriemens in Bezug auf das Zahnrad (9) senkrecht sind,
    - das Zahnrad (9) aus einem einzigen Stück mit einer Nut in der Mitte ausgebildet ist, wobei der Durchmesser größer als 100 mm ist und aufweisend spiralförmige Zähne und mit einer Breite größer als die Breite des Zahnriemens und wobei es selbstzentrierend ist und von Scheiben oder Flanschen (16) flankiert ist,
    - der Zahnriemen (2) zwei Teile aufweist, wobei ein Teil ein Kunststoffteil ist, und der andere Teil mehrere Stahlseile sind, welche darin eingebettet sind, welche miteinander durch Extrusion verbunden werden, wobei die Geometrie des Zahnriemens zwei Seiten aufweist, eine flache Seite und eine andere verzahnte Seite, die aus geneigten Zähnen in einer versetzten Ausbildung gebildet ist, und drei Elemente aufweist: transparentes Polyurethan (2.2), Stahlarmierungskabel (2.1), welche in dem Polyurethan (2.2) eingebettet sind und ein Textilgewebe (2.3), das den verzahnten Bereich deckt.
  2. Aufzug mit Zahnriemen und Rad und mit Gegengewicht nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ablenkräder (3), welche oberhalb oder unterhalb der Kabine (1) angeordnet werden können, Achsen aufweisen, die zur Ebene der Kabinenführungen senkrecht sind und sich zwischen der Kabinenführung (20) und dem Trittbereich (21) befinden.
  3. Aufzug mit Zahnriemen und Rad und mit Gegengewicht nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bremse (11) entweder auf einer Abstützung (10) oder auf dem hinteren Bereich des Motors montiert ist.
  4. Aufzug mit Zahnriemen und Rad und mit Gegengewicht nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dicke des Zahnriemens 4 bis 6 mm beträgt, der nicht verzahnte Bereich eine Dicke kleiner als 3 mm aufweist, die Breite des Zahnriemens kleiner als 30 mm ist.
  5. Aufzug mit Gegengewicht mit Zahnriemen und Rad nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die rutschfeste Rollen (14) so aufgebaut sind, dass sich ihre Drehachsen in einem Winkel befinden, welcher zwischen 70° und 190° variieren kann.
  6. Aufzug mit Gegengewicht mit Zahnriemen und Rad nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ablenkräder (3) auf einer Welle (15) montiert sind, an dessen Enden sich Lager (17) befinden, wobei jedes Rad ihre eigenen Auskehlungen aufweist, getrennt durch einen Flansch (16), wobei die Auskehlungen eine Konvexität oder eine nach außen gewölbte Form aufweisen.
  7. Aufzug mit Gegengewicht mit Zahnriemen und Rad nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Aufbau, gebildet aus Maschine und Basis, an der Wand, an den Führungen des Gegengewichts, an der Decke oder an einer der Kabinenführungen, oder einer Kombination von zwei oder drei dieser vier Elemente befestigt ist.
  8. Aufzug mit Gegengewicht mit Zahnriemen und Rad nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zahnrad (9) spiralförmige Zähne mit einer Steigung zwischen 7 und 9 mm und mit einer Breite, die 1 mm größer als die Breite des Zahnriemens ist, aufweist.
EP12154810.1A 2011-09-07 2012-02-10 Aufzug mit Zahnriemen und Rad und mit Gegengewicht Not-in-force EP2567925B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201100835U ES1075543Y (es) 2011-09-07 2011-09-07 Ascensor con correa y polea dentada y con contrapeso

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2567925A1 EP2567925A1 (de) 2013-03-13
EP2567925B1 true EP2567925B1 (de) 2016-02-10

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12154810.1A Not-in-force EP2567925B1 (de) 2011-09-07 2012-02-10 Aufzug mit Zahnriemen und Rad und mit Gegengewicht

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ES (2) ES1075543Y (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10941020B2 (en) 2018-01-30 2021-03-09 Otis Elevator Company Deflector sheave bracket for offset bedplate
EP4269310A1 (de) * 2022-04-25 2023-11-01 Thoma Aufzüge GmbH Leichtlauf-antrieb für einen aufzug

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BR9908303A (pt) 1998-02-26 2001-09-04 Otis Elevator Co Sistema de elevador possuindo um motor de acionamento localizado entre o carro do elevador e a parede lateral do poço do elevador
CN1299333A (zh) 1998-02-26 2001-06-13 奥蒂斯电梯公司 具有位于配重内的驱动器的条带提升电梯
EP1097102A1 (de) 1998-02-26 2001-05-09 Otis Elevator Company Riemenkletternder aufzug mit antrieb im gegengewicht und gemeinsamem antrieb-und aufhäng-seil
ES2262368T5 (es) 1998-12-22 2011-10-28 Otis Elevator Company Elemento de tensión para un ascensor.
AU2002340706A1 (en) 2001-11-23 2003-06-10 Inventio Ag Elevator with belt-type means of transmission, especially a toothed belt, as a means of support or driving means
ITBO20030413A1 (it) * 2003-07-03 2005-01-04 Sassi Alberto Spa Unita' di movimentazione per ascensori e montacarichi.
US20100133046A1 (en) * 2007-03-12 2010-06-03 Inventio Ag Elevator system, suspension element for an elevator system, and device for manufacturing a suspension element
WO2010037679A1 (en) * 2008-09-30 2010-04-08 Marco Hoerler Elevator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES1075543U (es) 2011-10-27
ES1075543U8 (es) 2011-11-24
ES1075543Y (es) 2012-01-26
ES2570664T3 (es) 2016-05-19
EP2567925A1 (de) 2013-03-13

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